SPACE FRAMES AND GEODESIC DOMES BY Hindustan Alcox Ltd www.alcox.in
SPACE FRAMES AND GEODESIC DOMES Objectives: 1. the concepts of point, line, plane and dimensions in relationship to the triangle. 2. Understand the basic structural engineering concepts that underlie geodesic dome construction; 3. Understand the advantages and disadvantages of modern building materials in dome construction; and 4. Have an increased awareness of more in-depth concepts relating to the study of architecture, geometry, and structures.
Special Words • A polyhedron (many surfaces) is a geometric solid in three dimensions with flat faces and straight edges. • A tetrahedron is a polyhedron with four sides, but is also called a pyramid. • A hexahedron is a polyhedron with six sides, but is also called a cube. • A polyhedron with six rectangles as sides also has many names—a rectangular parallelepided, rectangular prism, or box. • An octahedron is a polyhedron with eight faces.
Vocabulary • Tension is a force that acts to expand or lengthen the thing it is acting on. • Compression is a force that acts to compress or shorten the thing it is acting on.
• SPACE FRAME STRUCTURE
SPACE FRAMES or SPACE STRUCTURE CAN SPAN LONG DISTANCES
SPACE FRAMES • A space frame is a truss-like, lightweight rigid structure constructed from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern.
SPACE FRAMES
• Space frames or Space structure usually utilize a multidirectional span, and are often used to accomplish long spans with few supports.
SPACE FRAMES • They derive their strength from the inherent rigidity of the triangular frame; flexing loads (bending moments) are transmitted as tension and compression loads along the length of each strut.
Simplified space frame roof with the half-octahedron highlighted in blue
• Space frames or Space structure are an increasingly common architectural technique especially for large roof spans in modernist commercial and industrial buildings
Some space frame applications include: • Hotel/Hospital/commercial building entrances • Commercial building lobbies/atriums • Parking canopies
Advantages of space frame systems over conventional systems: Random column placement Column-free spaces Minimal perimeter support Controlled load distribution
Design freedom Supports all types of roofing
GEODESIC DOMES • A geodesic dome is a sphere-like structure composed of a complex network of triangles.
GEODESIC DOMES • Geodesic domes are usually hemispheres (parts of spheres, like half a ball) made up of triangles. The triangles have 3 parts: – the face - the part in the middle – the edge - the line between corners – the vertex - where the edges meet
The triangles create a self-bracing framework that gives structural strength while using a minimum of material.
DOMES
A dome’s design is dependent upon many factors, including: • Needed area and span, or distance between supports; • Budget and building schedule; • Architect’s and /or client’s aesthetic preferences; • Forces, such as compression and tension, acting on the structure; and • Building materials.
EXAMPLES OF GEODESIC DOMES: Spaceship Earth, the AT&T Pavilion at Epcot in Disney World, Florida, is an adaptation of Buckminster Fuller's geodesic dome Tacoma Dome in Washington State Milwaukee's Mitchell Park Conservatory Biosphere desert project in Arizona Des Moines Arboretum, a self contained ecosphere
Engineering Disasters Engineers must be concerned about safety at all times. Lives are at stake when bridges, buildings, or structures collapse. Engineers must design structures to withstand all kinds of weather conditions and all types of loads. While the goal is to have no design fail, engineers examine and learn from past mistakes to avoid such failures in the future. • Tacoma Narrows Bridge, Tacoma, Washington (failed in 1940)
ďƒ˜10 killed
Engineering Disasters • Falls View Bridge, Niagara Falls (failed 1938)
18 killed • Tay Bridge, Scotland (failed in 1879)
29 killed • Quebec Bridge, St. Lawrence River (failed 1907,1916)
45 killed
Engineering Disasters • Point Pleasant/Silver Bridge, Ohio River (failed 1967)
75 killed • Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse, Kansas City, Missouri (failed in 1981)
112 killed
Hindustan Alcox Ltd 28 years experience in Engineering steel structures •
High credentials in the market • Commitment • Quality Work • Timely completion
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Good creditability with suppliers The company is engaged • Design • Fabrication • Erection
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Specialized steel structures • Space Frame • Pre Engineered Buildings • Large Span Steel Structures
• ALCOX DOESN'T CREATE PRODUCTS, IT ENGINEERS SATISFACTION.EACH AND EVERY PROJECT IS TREATED AS AN OPPORTUNITY AND EVERY ACHIEVEMENT AS A PLATFORM TO SET NEW GOALS. We are the space frame manufacturer in India
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