Skill Standard by Jerri Torrey

Progress: 6/19/09

Woodwork Manufacturing Skill Standards

P.O. Box 291, Nellysford, VA 22958-0291 http://skillstandards.wikispaces.com email: gheuer212@me.com

016

Skill Standards Table on Contents

Appendix

Section 001:

Layout

Section 002:

Sawing

Section 003:

Milling

Section 004:

Shaping

Section 005:

CNC (Computer Numerical Control)

Section 006:

Boring

Section 007:

Sanding

Section 008:

Clamping & Laminating

Section 009:

Turning

106

Section 010:

Joinery & Assembly

110

Section 011:

Grinding and Sharpening

118

Section 012:

Finishing

124

Appendix

127

016

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Appendix

In partnership with the Wood Education and Resource Center, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

The Alliance is supported by the agencies shown on this page. They are making significant contributions to the success of the agencies Skill Standards, Evalution Criteria, and Credentialing initiative. Our principal funding comes from the United States Forest Service in the form of a matching grant. Please visit the sponsor web sites and thank them for all they do.

Iowa-Nebraska Chapter

016

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Industry-Approved Standards for the Woodworking Profession. This introduction to the Woodwork Manufacturing Skill Standards serves as the starting point for the development of industry-accepted operational procedures by which to measure performance and results produced by woodworking professionals. This unified North American Standard of Tool Skills & Evaluations has been being written by volunteers from all has been parts of the advanced wood processing industry, resulting in practical, useful skill sets for productive woodworkers. Skill Standards are being developed by The Woodwork Career Alliance as a means to support the woodworking industry in preparing productive woodworkers. It includes a voluntary assessment program that allows woodworkers to demonstrate their competency in in-plant woodworking skills and earn credentials that are recognized throughout North America. Skill Standards provide many advantages to maintain the reputation of today’s woodwork manufacturing industry and sustain industry professionalism in the future. Among these are: 4Professional recognition for our skills. 4Identification of the skills required by industry employers. 4Provision of benchmarks for performance. 4Helping trainers respond to industry requirements. 4Establishing a foundation for credentials. 4Validation of accredited training programs.

Who Benefits from Woodworking Skill Standards? Industry professionals by seeing increased interest in seeking a career path in the prestigious, modern woodworking industry. Company owners and managers by getting help in recruiting, training, and retaining skilled employees. Teachers of woodworking by access to guidelines for class planning and industry outcomes. Students thinking about their future by discovering a career and learning what they need to know to succeed. Shop managers through the ability to test and score employees on their woodworking skills. The Standards are tool operations which can be seen and measured. The level of skill required increases with each tool. A group of skills are assembled into a job description at the shop, and credentials can be issued to recognize accomplishment. Woodworkers by showing knowledge and skill through performance of each standard operation. As the woodworker learns and masters the techniques at the basic level, a clear path for increased skill is set out in the Standards. Experienced woodworkers will pass dozens of the tests to demonstrate their accumulated skills against a consistent industry standard. Use Skill Standards to develop training programs and curricula; to develop a credentialing program; to define job requirements; to recruit woodworking professionals; to plan career development paths; and to enhance labor value and mobility.

Appendix

Three-Phase Project–2007-2013 The Wood Manufacturing Skill Standards, Evaluations and Credentials Project is a three-pronged effort, designed to take place over the period from 2007 to 2013. The first phase created a framework for development of the skills standards, and was completed in 2008. Phase two is focusing on development of skills criteria and evaluation documents, and will be completed in 2009. The third and final phase will launch a credentialing process for individuals who demonstrate that they meet the skill criteria. Work on phase three is anticipated to take place from 2009 to 2013 before full implementation in North America can be achieved. “These standards, evaluations and credentials will provide a lifeline to those struggling new business people and their employees,” states the grant application. The Skill Standards, Evaluations, and Credentials will serve all levels and sectors in the industry while advancing knowledge, skill and professionalism of the workforce needed to sustain and grow the woodwork industry. Are you ready to help your industry train and prepare tomorrow’s woodworkers? If so, visit: woodworkcareer.org and join in from any Email Me logo on the pages. Share your know-how, your techniques, your ideas and your resources, and continue the legacy of the woodwork manufacturing profession.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Applies to Digital, Vernier (for Level 2), and Dial calipers (decimal, fractional, and metric) commonly found in the shop.

Section 001: Layout

Calipers

Caliper is in working condition; capable of being properly zeroed out and will hold calibration. Test examples are of appropriate size to be measured using the caliper(s) available.

Calipers allow woodworkers to take accurate internal, external and depth measurements. There are many types and sizes of calipers, including Digital, Dial and Vernier. Turning calipers are commonly used to transfer measurements for Lathe work.

Calipers

001

Layout

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies caliber reads “0” when jaws are touching. Demonstrates understanding of all applicable controls and functions of the caliper(s) to be used for evaluation. Handles caliper with care and stores properly with jaws not touching each other.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Verifies calibration to a known standard. Adjusts dial caliper dial when necessary. Demonstrates ability to use a Vernier Caliper. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

N/A

Calipers

001

Layout

Measure Thickness

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given 3 identified pieces of material with known thickness dimensions, and a caliper calibrated and ready to measure, determine the thickness of each piece.

Records the thickness of each piece by using the caliper.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given 3 pieces of material with known thickness dimensions, and a caliper slightly out of adjustment (calibration), demonstrate ability to zero out the instrument, and determine the thickness of each piece.

Demonstrates ability to zero out/calibrate the caliper.

Level 3:

N/A

Accuracy of answer shall be ± 0.025 mm [0.001”] for each piece.

Records the thickness of each piece by using the caliper. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Calipers

001

Layout

Measure Depth

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given 3 identified examples machined in any fashion to known depth dimensions, and a caliper calibrated and ready to measure, determine the depth of each example.

Records the depth of each example by using the caliper.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given 3 identified examples machined in any fashion to known depth dimensions, and a caliper slightly out of adjustment (calibration), demonstrate ability to calibrate the instrument, then determine the depth of each example.

Demonstrates ability to zero out/calibrate the caliper.

Level 3:

N/A

Accuracy of answer is ± 0.025 mm [0.001”] for each example.

Records the depth of each example by using the caliper. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Applies to standard retracting tapes commonly found in the shop. Imperial, Metric, and Dual System tapes are all used approximately in the same way. Handles tape measure with care to maintain accuracy.

Section 001: Layout

Tape Measure

Tape Measures come in many sizes, styles and formats. Most important though is that care is taken to ensure that they remain accurate. Dropping a tape measure can bend it’s hook and destroy its accuracy. Shops which have multiple workers using different tapes should have a set standard for calibration to ensure that everyone’s tapes are reading the same.

Tape Measure

001

Layout

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies tape’s blade is working properly and free of debris. Verifies blade hook is square and operating properly.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Verifies calibration to a known standard. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Demonstrates ability to perform maintenance as outlined in Maintenance Standard. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standard.

Tape Measure

001

Layout

Measure Lengths (Imperial)

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material with a minimum of 5 marks to measure; one each on some multiple of 1/32”, 1/16”, 1/8”, 1/4”, and 1/2”, with at least 1” separation between each mark, and tape measure calibrated and ready to measure, determine the length of each mark from the end of the board.

Records the measurement of each mark.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Records the measurement of each mark.

Level 3:

N/A

Accuracy of answer shall be within 1/32” [0.031”].

Accuracy of answer shall be within 1/64” [0.015].

Tape Measure

001

Layout

Measure Lengths (Metric)

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material with a minimum of 3 marks to measure; one each on some multiple of 1 mm, 10 mm (1 cm), and 100 mm, with at least 30 mm separation between each mark, and tape measure calibrated and ready to measure, determine the length of each mark from the end of the board.

Records the measurement of each mark.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Records the measurement of each mark.

Level 3:

N/A

Accuracy of answer shall be ±1 mm.

Accuracy of answer shall be ±0.5 mm.

Tape Measure

001

Layout

Measure Inside Dimension Of Opening

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and tape set up and ready to measure, determine the size of an inside opening within the range 305mm to 1219mm (12” to 48”).

Records the measurement of opening.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material and tape set up and ready to measure, determine the size of an inside opening within the range 305mm to 2440mm (12” to 96”).

Records the measurement of opening.

Level 3:

N/A

Accuracy of answer shall be ±0.8 mm (1/32”) [0.031”].

Accuracy of answer shall be ± 0.4 mm (1/64”) [0.015”].

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. This standard applies to standard metal, movable head squares commonly found in the shop. Imperial, Metric, and Dual System squares are all used approximately in the same way.

Section 001: Layout

Combination Square

Combination squares are used for joint layout, machine set-up, determining level/plumb, or as a depth, height, or marking gauge. They have accurately machined components, steel scribing pins, and some even come with built-in levels. They can also be equipped with a protractor head for laying out angles, or a centering head for marking center points on circular objects.

Combination Square

001

Layout

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies head and rule are free of debris and defects. Releases pressure on head when making adjustments.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Verifies head is square to rule and slides freely. Ensures square is clean and lubricated and rust free. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

N/A

Combination Square

001

Layout

Verify Material Squareness

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given 3 pieces of material 3/4” thick, 6” wide, and at least 12” long, with the end of one piece cut slightly out of square (about 1/2º) to the long edge, and tool set up and ready to measure and/or calibrate, check the end of each piece of material for squareness; or, given one piece of 12” panel stock, verify if it is square or out of square.

Correctly slides short end of square down long side of material until blade of square just touches end of material.

Level 2:

N/A

Level 3:

N/A

Correctly identifies which piece of material is out of square.

Combination Square

001

Layout

Layout Material For Perpendicular Cuts

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material of uniform width and thickness and tool set up and ready to measure and/or calibrate, make marks around a 3/4” x 4” S4S(Surfaced 4 Sides) board (all 4 faces) for a 90º cut.

Marks are crisp and easily read.

Level 2:

N/A

Given round stock, tool and a Centering head, find the center of the stock.

Installs Centering Head.

Level 3:

N/A

No measurable deviation from 90º is apparent. No measurable deviation occurs where lines meet at adjacent planes.

Marks multiple lines to locate stock center. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Combination Square

001

Layout

Layout Material For Angled Cuts

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and tool set up and ready to measure and/or calibrate, mark end of 3/4” x 4” stock for a 45º cut across the wide face of stock.

Mark is crisp and easily read.

Level 2:

N/A

Given material, tool and a protractor head, mark end of 3/4” x 4” stock for a specified angle cut across the wide face of stock.

Installs Protractor Head.

Level 3:

N/A

No measurable deviation from 45º is apparent.

Adjusts head to within +/- .5º.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. This standard applies to standard sliding steel blade/composite head T-bevel tools commonly found in a shop.

Section 001: Layout

Sliding T-Bevel

A sliding T bevel is an adjustable gauge for setting and transferring angles. The handle is usually made of wood or plastic and is connected to a metal blade with a thumbscrew or wing nut. The blade pivots and can be locked at any angle by loosening or tightening the thumbscrew.

Sliding T-Bevel

001

Layout

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Head adjustment screw is clean, lubricated, and capable of tightly locking the blade. Blade slides freely and is straight, without any discernible nicks or defects on the marking edges. Releases pressure on blade when making adjustments.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Demonstrates ability to perform maintenance as outlined in Maintenance Standard. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

N/A

Sliding T-Bevel

001

Layout

Measure An Existing Angle

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and tool, record the angle of an existing piece of cut stock using a T-Bevel and a Bevel Board or Protractor.

Angle reading is accurate to within +/-.5º

Level 2:

N/A

Level 3:

N/A

Sliding T-Bevel

001

Layout

Transfer Angles From Existing Stock

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and tool, transfer the angle from an existing piece of cut stock and mark the duplicate angle on new stock.

Mark is crisp and easily read.

Level 2:

N/A

Level 3:

N/A

No measurable deviation from the existing angle is apparent.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Proper stance and hand position are demonstrated.

Clears machine and cleans work area after operation.

Stock is fed in smooth continuous motion past blade with proper feed rate while controlling stock movement and waste removal.

Stock is held securely against the fence, miter gauge, or fixture as appropriate.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Stock is supported at out-feed. Push stick is used when required. Blade is completely stopped before reaching to the rear or over it.

Section 002: Sawing

Table Saw

Fence is positioned clear of cut-off when crosscutting.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Material is pushed completely past the blade before releasing it.

The table saw is probably the most versatile and widely used wood cutting machine. It is used at all stages of processing wood from rough sawing to cutting precise joints. A skilled woodworker can use this machine to solve many woodworking needs.

Table Saw

002

Sawing

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine, demonstrate ability to verify proper guarding, splitter/riving knife alignment, throat plate installation, and dust collection operation:

Verifies tool is properly guarded. Ensures splitter/riving knife is in place and aligned with blade. Verifies proper throat plate is installed and properly aligned with surface of table. Verifies dust collection operable/operating.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given machine with blade installed and missing blade guard, throat plate, rip fence, splitter/ riving knife, and crosscut sled, install and properly adjust the blade guard, throat plate, and crosscut sled, remove and install a new blade, and install rip fence and set to a specified measurement.

Installs and properly adjusts blade guard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given machine in unknown condition, demonstrate ability to set up and calibrate the machine for operation by measuring arbor runout, measuring blade runout, measuring and/or correcting, blade to miter gauge slot alignment, measuring and/or correcting fence alignment, and verifying/ correcting proper splitter/riving knife alignment:

Proves deviation for arbor run-out is < 0.0015” [0.038 mm], and if not, reports how far out of spec the measurement is within 0.001” [0.025 mm].

Ensures blade to fence alignment is less than 0.005” [0.12 mm] from front to back.

Proves deviation for blade run-out is < 0.005” [0.12 mm], and if not, reports how far out of spec the measurement is within 0.001” [0.025 mm].

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standard.

Installs and properly adjusts throat plate. Removes blade and installs new one. Installs and securely locks rip fence and adjusts to specified measurement.

Installs and properly adjusts splitter/riving knife. Installs and properly adjusts crosscut sled or guide. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Ensures blade to miter-gauge slot is less 0.005” [0.12 mm] from end to end.

Table Saw

002

Sawing

Ripping

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge and machine set up and ready to cut, rip material to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]) using the fence.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.015” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] in width along entire length of material.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge, set up machine, install the correct blade, and rip material to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]) using the fence.

Selects and properly installs correct blade.

Angle of cut is 90º to the face.

Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Verifies/adjusts throat plate flush with table surface. Sets blade height correctly. Sets fence properly (dimension, parallel to blade, properly locked down). Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge , set up and properly adjust a power feed on the machine, and use it to rip material to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]) using the fence.

Sets up power feed to appropriate speed, pressure, and angle. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Table Saw

002

Sawing

Ripping Narrow Stock (<1/2” [13 mm])

Level 1:

N/A

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine set up and ready to cut, rip material to a specified width using the fence. Note: Splitter typically removed.

Selects and properly installs correct blade.

Angle of cut is 90º to the face.

Selects and correctly installs proper (zero clearance) throat plate and verifies/adjusts it flush with table surface.

Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks.

Uses push stick to push stock through the cut.

Cut is free of tear-out.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] in width along entire length of material.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge and access to the necessary jig material and hardware, construct a jig and set up machine to rip material into multiple strips of equal size to a specified width (<= 1/2” [13 mm]) with the strips positioned on the side of the blade opposite the fence.

Constructs a jig and demonstrates it can meet the given requirements. Ensures operation is guarded. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Table Saw

002

Sawing

Crosscutting

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material, with machine set up and ready to cut, crosscut both ends of the stock using a miter gauge or similar accessory perpendicular to the adjacent edge, to yield a specified length.

Angle of crosscut is 90º to the edge.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine, select and install the correct blade, obtain, set up, and install correct crosscutting jig or fixture, crosscut material perpendicular to the adjacent edge.

Calibrates the miter gauge/fixture to the blade.

Level 3:

N/A

Angle of cut is 90º to the face. Dimension tolerance for length is ±0.015” (1/64”) [0.4 mm].

Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Selects and properly installs correct blade. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Table Saw

002

Sawing

Edge Rabbeting With A Dado Set

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine set up and ready to cut with sacrificial fence installed, cut an edge rabbet to specified dimensions.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.015” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] (both depth and width of rabbet along entire length).

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up machine to cut an edge rabbet to specified dimensions.

Selects and properly installs correct dado stack for width of specified edge rabbet.

Inside corner of rabbet is 90º.

Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Selects and correctly installs proper (zero clearance) throat plate and verifies/adjusts it flush with table surface. Creates or installs a sacrificial fence for the operation. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

N/A

Table Saw

002

Sawing

Groove/Dado/Plough With A Dado Set

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up machine, and install dado set to cut a groove/dado/plough along length of material to specified dimensions.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] (both depth and width of cut along entire length). Cut is parallel to edge/end ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm].

Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Sides of groove/dado/plough are 90º to the face of the material.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material and specifications, select and install dado set, set up machine and cut a groove/dado/plough to specified dimensions.

Selects and properly installs correct dado stack for width of specified groove/dado/ plough. Selects and correctly installs proper (zero clearance) throat plate and verifies/adjusts it flush with table surface. Cut part meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given material and specifications, select and install dado set, set up machine and cut a stopped groove/dado/plough to specified dimensions. The groove/dado/plough is to be stopped at both the front and back of the material.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.031” (1/32”) [0.8 mm] from stopped ends of groove/dado/ plough to end of material. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Table Saw

002

Sawing

Beveling (45º angle)

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge and machine set up and ready to cut, rip material to a specified width with a 45º bevel along the edge.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] in width along entire length of material.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge, set up machine, install the correct blade, and rip material to a specified width with a 45º bevel along the edge.

Selects and properly installs correct blade.

Cut is free of tear-out.

Angle of bevel is 45º to the face. Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks.

Verifies/adjusts throat plate flush with table surface. Sets blade height and angle correctly. Sets fence properly (dimension, parallel to blade, properly locked down). Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge and access to the necessary material, construct a featherboard, install it on the machine, and set up to rip material to a specified width with a 45º bevel along the edge.

Constructs and installs a featherboard and demonstrates it can meet the given requirements. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Proper stance and hand position are demonstrated.

Clears machine and cleans work area after operation.

Stock is fed in smooth continuous motion past blade with proper feed rate while controlling stock movement and waste removal.

Stock is held securely against the fence, miter gauge, or fixture as appropriate.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Stock is supported at out-feed. Push stick is used when required. Blade is completely stopped before reaching to the rear or over it.

Section 002: Sawing

Band Saw

Material is pushed completely past the blade before releasing it.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Fall off is not allowed to clutter outfeed table.

The band saw is the most efficient wood cutting machine available to the woodworker, by virtue of its long blade and many teeth. Large machines,with blades 6-12â&#x20AC;? wide, are used to saw logs and resaw thick timbers into boards. The smaller versions, such as those found in cabinet and furniture shops, are used mainly for contour sawing with narrow blades, but also find use in resawing and ripping.

Band Saw

002

Sawing

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine, demonstrate ability to identify and properly use all controls and demonstrate proper use of dust collection.

Demonstrates knowledge and proper use of all machine specific controls.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given machine with blade installed, install rip fence and set to a specified measurement, adjust rip fence for blade drift, verify blade square to the table, adjust blade guard assembly to height appropriate for a given piece of material.

Installs, adjusts and securely locks rip fence to specified measurement.

Verifies/corrects rip fence alignment for blade drift.

Verifies/corrects blade square to table.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given machine in unknown condition, material and a theoretical operation, demonstrate ability to set up and calibrate the machine for operation by changing blade to one appropriate for given material:

Selects proper blade for given operation/ material.

Ensures dust collection operable/operating.

Verifies/adjusts blade guard assembly to within 1/4” [6 mm] of the given material.

Adjusts thrust bearing properly.

Adjusts blade tracking to ensure it tracks on center of wheels.

Demonstrates ability to properly fold the old blade and return it to its proper location, or, if required, set it aside for re-sharpening.

Correctly tensions blade for given operation/ material.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Band Saw

002

Sawing

Rough Saw Part From A Pattern

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material, a pattern of a finished part, and machine set up and ready to cut, trace the pattern on the part and make the cut.

Part is sawn out to required shape ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.6 mm] around entire part.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, machine, and a pattern of a finished part, set up the saw, trace the pattern on the part, and make the cut.

Verifies correct blade installed and saw bed is clean.

Verifies out-feed table is level and square to saw table.

Ensures saw table is free from obstructions, and calibrated square to 90° setting.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

N/A

Angle of cut is 90º to the face.

Cut is free of tear-out. Tight curves (exceeding the limit of the blade) are achieved by using relief cuts.

Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks.

Band Saw

002

Sawing

Freehand Ripping One Edge

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge and machine set up and ready to cut, freehand rip material to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]).

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.6 mm] in width along entire length of material. Angle of cut is 90º to the face. Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge, set up machine and freehand rip material to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]).

Verifies correct blade installed and saw bed is clean. Ensures saw table is free from obstructions, and calibrated square to 90° setting. Verifies out-feed table is level and square to saw table. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

N/A

Band Saw

002

Sawing

Ripping With A Fence

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge and machine set up and ready to cut, rip material to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]) using the fence.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.031” (1/32”) [0.79 mm] in width along entire length of material. Angle of cut is 90º to the face. Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge, set up machine and rip material to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]) using the fence.

Level 3:

N/A

Band Saw

002

Sawing

Re-sawing With A Pivot Block

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine set up with the appropriate blade and a pivot block, re-saw the material to a specified thickness.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.5 mm] in thickness along entire length of material. Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given machine and material, set up machine and re-saw the material to a specified thickness.

Installs and properly adjusts pivot block. Verifies correct blade installed and saw bed is clean. Ensures saw table is free from obstructions, and calibrated square to 90° setting. Verifies out-feed table is level and square to saw table. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

N/A

Band Saw

002

Sawing

Re-sawing With A Power Feed

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given suitable stock and the saw set up with the appropriate blade, a rip fence and a power feed mechanism, re-saw stock to a specified thickness.

Part is sawn to within +0.0312”/-0 (+1/32”/0”) [0.8 mm/-0].

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given suitable stock, set up equipment, and re-saw stock with a power feed mechanism to a specified thickness.

Installs correct blade. Assures saw bed is free from obstructions. Calibrates saw bed square to blade.

Verifies out-feed table is level and square to saw bed. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Adjusts the power feed and fence for blade drift.

Level 3:

N/A

Band Saw

002

Sawing

Cutting Circles With A Jig

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine set up with the appropriate blade and the band saw circle cutting jig mounted with the pivot point adjusted for a specified radius, cut out the part.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.5 mm] in diameter across any point of the circle. Angle of cut is 90º to the face. Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given machine, material, and a circle cutting jig for the band saw, set up the saw, mount the jig, adjust the pivot point of the jig for a specified radius, and cut out the part.

Installs and properly adjusts circle cutting jig.

Level 3:

N/A

Verifies correct blade installed and saw bed is clean. Ensures saw table is free from obstructions, and calibrated square to 90° setting. . Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Proper stance and hand position are demonstrated.

Clears machine and cleans work area after operation.

Stock is fed in smooth continuous motion past blade with proper feed rate while controlling stock movement and waste removal.

Stock is held securely against the fence, miter gauge, or fixture as appropriate.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Push stick is used when required.

Fence is positioned clear of cut-off when crosscutting.

Blade is completely stopped before reaching to the rear or over it.

Material is pushed completely past the blade before releasing it.

Section 002: Sawing

Sliding Table Saw

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

The ability to handle and accurately cut panel products is a necessity in a cabinet shop. Panel saws are designed to break down larger sheets to finished dimension. Sliding Table Saws typically come equipped with a scoring blade to prevent tear out on the underside of the stock being cut.

Sliding Table Saw

002

Sawing

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine, demonstrate ability to verify proper guarding, splitter/riving knife alignment (if equipped), throat plate installation (if equipped), and dust collection operation.

Verifies tool is properly guarded. Ensures splitter/riving knife is in place and aligned with blade (if equipped). Verifies proper throat plate is installed and properly aligned with surface of table (if equipped). Verifies dust collection operable/operating.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given machine with blade installed and missing blade guard, throat plate (if equipped), rip fence, and splitter/ riving knife (if equipped), install and properly adjust the blade guard, throat plate (if equipped), and splitter/riving knife (if equipped), remove and install a new blade, and install rip fence and set to a specified measurement.

Installs and properly adjusts blade guard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given machine in unknown condition, demonstrate ability to set up and calibrate the machine for operation by measuring blade run-out, measuring and/or correcting rip and crosscut fence alignment, and verifying/correcting proper splitter/riving knife alignment (if equipped).

Proves deviation for blade run-out is < 0.005” [0.1 mm].

Verifies/corrects splitter or riving knife alignment (if equipped).

Proves crosscut fence is set to exactly 90º.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Installs and properly adjusts throat plate (if equipped). Removes blade and properly installs new one. Correct rotational speed is set according to the diameter blade installed and material being cut.

Verifies rip fence is set parallel to the cutting line, with the back of the fence angled away from the blade no more than 0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm].

Installs and securely locks rip fence and adjusts to specified measurement. Installs and properly adjusts splitter/riving knife (if equipped). Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Sliding Table Saw

002

Sawing

Crosscut Panel Product

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given panel material and machine set up (with scoring blade, if equipped) and ready to cut, crosscut material to 90º using crosscut fence with preset stop.

Dimension tolerance is ±.0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] in length across entire width of material.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given panel material, machine, and a target length, set up and adjust saw to safely crosscut material to 90º using crosscut fence.

Checks material stops for calibration.

Verifies/sets proper blade height and angle.

Selects and properly installs appropriate blade.

Adjusts riving knife as necessary.

Level 3:

N/A

Angle of cross-cut is 90º to the edge.

Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Angle of cut is 90º to the face.

Selects between cross-cut stop or rip fence set in rear (stop) position, ensuring at least 50% bearing on cross-cut fence.

Installs and calibrates scoring blade (if equipped). Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Sliding Table Saw

002

Sawing

Crosscut Solid Lumber

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material, machine, and a target length, set up and adjust saw to safely crosscut lumber to 90º using crosscut fence with preset stop.

Dimension tolerance is ±.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] in length.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up machine to safely crosscut lumber using fence and stops to multiple given lengths.

Checks material stops for calibration.

Verifies/sets proper blade height and angle.

Selects and properly installs appropriate blade.

Adjusts riving knife as necessary.

Level 3:

N/A

Angle of cut is 90º to the face.

Ensures both ends are cut square. Cut is free of tear-out.

Angle of cross-cut is 90º to the edge. Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks.

Selects between cross-cut stop or rip fence set in rear (stop) position, ensuring 50% bearing on cross-cut fence.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Sliding Table Saw

002

Sawing

Miter Cut Solid Lumber

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine set up and ready to cut, safely cut material to length with miter on one end, using crosscut fence set to a preset miter, and stop set to a preset length.

Dimension tolerance is ±.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] over length from long point of miter.

Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks.

Angle of cut is 90º to the face.

Cut is free of tear-out.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up machine to safely cut material to given length with miter on one end, using crosscut fence set to given miter value, and stop set to given length.

Checks material stops for calibration.

Adjusts riving knife as necessary.

Selects and properly installs appropriate blade.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

N/A

Miter angle is cut to a tolerance of ±0.25º from edge.

Verifies/sets proper blade height and angle.

Sliding Table Saw

002

Sawing

Rip Panel Product

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge and machine set up and ready to cut, rip material to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]) using the rip fence.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] in width along entire length of material. Angle of cut is 90º to the face. Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, select and install the correct blade, set up machine, clean factory, damaged, or out of square edge, then rip material to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]) using the rip fence.

Checks rip fence for calibration.

Level 3:

N/A

Selects and properly installs correct blade. Verifies/sets proper blade height and angle. Adjusts riving knife as necessary. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Sliding Table Saw

002

Sawing

Rip Solid Lumber

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge and machine set up and ready to cut, rip lumber to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]) using the rip fence.

Dimension tolerance is ±.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] in width along entire length of material. Angle of cut is 90º to the face. Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks with minimal burn marks. Cut is free of tear-out.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material with one straight edge, set up machine, install the correct blade, and rip lumber to a specified width (> 4” [100 mm]) using the rip fence.

Selects and properly installs appropriate blade.

Adjusts rip fence front/back position appropriately for ripping.

Verifies blade height and angle is properly set.

Produces a straight edge using the clamping shoe and sliding table.

Adjusts riving knife as necessary. Verifies calibration of rip fence.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Removes cross-cut fence if required.

Level 3:

N/A

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Blade is brought through the cut in a controlled, smooth, continuous motion.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Appropriate stance is utilized for optimum balance and parts control.

Arms are not crossed in front of the blade.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed by everyone.

Saw is allowed to come up to speed before starting the cut.

Blade is permitted to come to a complete stop before removing material (if danger of trapping stock/off-cut exists).

Control of stock is maintained throughout entire cut.

Section 002: Sawing

Portable Power Miter Saw

The Power Miter Box has become a necessity for efficiently crosscutting narrow materials. They are used for cutting angles to produce mitered woodwork. Recent advances in Miter Box saws have lead to the replacement of the Radial Arm saws with Sliding Compound Miter Boxes in many shops.

Portable Power Miter Saw

002

Sawing

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies tool is properly guarded. Verifies arm operation depresses and retracts properly. Confirms blade is installed securely.

Ensures fence is free of obstruction in both directions. Verifies ample clearance for material movement in both directions.

Confirms in-feed and out-feed tables are level and square to fence.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Calibrates stops (if equipped). Verifies/adjusts miter/bevel scales, ensuring they are properly calibrated. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standard.

Portable Power Miter Saw

002

Sawing

Square Crosscut (90º Miter)

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and saw set up and ready to operate, crosscut material to a given length at 90º.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.015” (1/64”) [0.4 mm]. Angle of crosscut is 90º to the edge. Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks without burning or defects. Cut is free of tear-out.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Select material and set up saw to crosscut material to a given length at 90º.

Selects and installs appropriate blade.

Level 3:

N/A

Cut part meets Level 1 performance standard.

Portable Power Miter Saw

002

Sawing

45º Miter

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and saw set up and ready to operate, cut linear stock to a given length with opposing 45º ends.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] to inside corner of miters. Angle tolerance is 45º ±0.25 º. Angle of cut is 90º to the face. Cut surfaces exhibit uniform saw marks without burn or defects. Cut is free of tear-out.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Select material and set up saw to cut linear stock to a given length with opposing 45º ends.

Selects and installs appropriate blade.

Level 3:

N/A

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Safe hand position and/or push blocks are used when appropriate. Appropriate stance is utilized for optimum balance and part control. Stock is fed in smooth, continuous motion past cutter head.

Section 003: Milling

Jointer

Grain direction as well as bow/warp are correctly identified and appropriately considered for feed.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Out-feed table is appropriately utilized for purposes of facing/straightening.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Face is marked to indicate jointed surface. Machine and work area are cleaned after operation.

Jointers are used to produce a smooth, flat face and a straight edge at right angles to each other. Secondary operations such as rabbeting, tapering and relishing can also be done on a Jointer.

Jointer

003

Milling

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine, demonstrate ability to verify proper guarding, identify and properly use all controls, and demonstrate proper use of dust collection:

Verifies tool is properly guarded. Demonstrates knowledge of and proper use of all machine specific controls. Verifies in-feed and out-feed tables are free of debris prior to machining. Ensures dust collection operable/operating.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given machine with knives properly installed but with blade guard removed, inspect knife condition, install and properly adjust the blade guard, verify and/or correct fence squareness to in-feed/out-feed table, and verify out-feed table set to proper height.

Inspects knives for wear or defects.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given machine with knives installed, replace knives and set out-feed table to proper height.

Installs knives properly.

Installs and/or properly adjusts guard. Verifies and/or properly adjusts fence 90º to in-feed/out-feed tables.

Verifies tables are clean and polished to facilitate smooth material movement. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Verifies out-feed table is set to manufacturer’s specification.

Maximum deviation for knife height is ±0.001” [.025 mm] from knife to knife across width of all knives. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standard.

Jointer

003

Milling

Face Jointing

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given unjointed material and a machine set up and ready to go, joint a flat face ...or... Given a 4/4 thick board, 3-4’ long and a width of 4-6”, a target thickness, and machine set up and ready to cut, face joint material.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] not exceeding per foot from a flat plane.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given unjointed material and a machine, make necessary adjustments and joint a flat face ...or... Given a 4/4 thick board at least twice the length of out-feed table and a width of 6-8”, a minimum target thickness, set up and adjust machine, face joint material.

Selects material and appropriately stages at machine.

Sets depth of cut appropriately for material being faced.

Performs visual assessment to ensure that target dimensions can be achieved prior to machining.

Adjusts fence appropriately for material being faced

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Face jointed thickness allows for final processing to target thickness.

Board exhibits minimal tear out. Board is free of snipe. No burn or hesitation marks are visible on surface being machined.

Machined surface exhibits a uniform smoothness between 15-25 knife cuts per inch (KCPI).

Meets Level 1 performance standards.

Jointer

003

Milling

Edge Jointing 1st Edge

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material with one jointed face and a machine set up and ready to go, joint a square edge ...or... Given two boards 3-4’ long and an average width of 4-6” with one jointed face, a minimum target width, and machine set up and ready to cut, edge joint each board.

Edge is 90° to face of board, measured along entire edge.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given unjointed material and a machine, make necessary adjustments and joint a square edge ...or... Given two boards at least twice the length of out-feed table with one jointed face, a minimum target width, set up and adjust machine, edge joint each board.

Selects material and appropriately stages at machine.

Sets depth of cut appropriately for material being edge jointed.

Performs visual assessment to ensure that target dimensions can be achieved prior to machining.

Adjusts fence appropriately for material being edged.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

When boards are placed edge to edge, no part of the gap exceeds 0.031” (1/32”) [0.8 mm]. Edge jointed width allows for final processing to target width.

Machined surface exhibits a uniform smoothness between 15-25 knife cuts per inch (KCPI). Edge is free of snipe. No burn or hesitation marks are visible on surface being machined.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Material is well supported at both infeed and out- feed tables. Assesses stock for suitability to determine whether the finished material size can be achieved after taking into consideration bowing, cupping, twisting, end grain splits, surface cracks, knots, wood worm, grub holes, rocks,

Section 003: Milling

Thickness Planer (Straight Knife Or Segmented Knives)

staples/nails and gun shot. Grain direction is correctly identified and appropriately considered for feed to reduce tear-out.

Dust collection is used effectively and operator demonstrates correct procedures for engaging and cleaning of dust collector as needed.

Similar amounts of material are removed from both faces of the board.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Loose chips and debris are removed from in-feed table before placement of all stock after every pass.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

The Planer or Surfacer is used to smooth the surface and cut stock to a uniform thickness. While some large machines with two heads can straighten and surface stock in one pass, most smaller machines are single surfacers and will not remove warp from a board. In most shops, therefore, the surfacer is used in conjunction with the jointer, so that one side is joined flat before passing the board through the Planer.

Thickness Planer

003

Milling

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine, demonstrate ability to verify proper guarding and dust collection operation.

Verifies tool is properly guarded.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Verifies dust collection operable/operating.

Inspects knives for wear or defects. Verifies tables are clean and polished to facilitate smooth material movement. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Thickness Planer

003

Milling

Planing For Thickness

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material (flattened on one side), a target thickness greater than 0.25” (1/4”) [6 mm], feed rate pre-selected, and machine set up and ready to cut, plane material to specified thickness.

Final planed surface exhibits minimal tear-out or chip-out.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material (flattened on one side), a target thickness greater than 0.25” (1/4”) [6 mm], set up equipment and plane material to specified thickness.

Verifies/sets feed speed to meet surface quality specification - 15-25 knife cuts per inch (KCPI). Variations accepted for accommodation of difficult grain patterns and materials with defects. Any tear-out must be able to be removed without excessive sanding, scraping, etc.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given access to jig material, lumber (flattened on one side), a target thickness less than 0.25” (1/4”) [6 mm], set up equipment, build a backer board jig, and plane material to specified thickness.

Constructs a jig, with proper hold-down technique, and demonstrates it can meet the given requirements.

Machined surface exhibits a uniform smoothness between 15-25 knife cuts per inch (KCPI).

Planed surface is free of or has minimal snipe (taking into account what is normal for a given machine).

Final thickness dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] across entire surface of material.

Sets optimum initial planer thickness prior to first pass based on maximum thickness or species of material. Utilizes full width of knives/bed. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Material is fed in a smooth, continuous motion. Appropriate stance is utilized for optimum balance and part control. Hands remain firmly on router throughout entire cut. Router bit pointed away from body after completion of a cut.

Appropriate direction of feed is used to prevent loss of router control (no climb cutting unless explicitly specified).

Clears machine and cleans work area after operation.

Machined surfaces exhibit a uniform smoothness between 15-25 knife cuts per inch (KCPI). Variations accepted for accommodation of difficult grain patterns and materials with defects.

Disconnect procedure is in place and followed by everyone.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Entrance and exit are clean and straight.

Section 004: Shaping

Portable Router

Routers are widely used for shaping the surfaces and edges of stock, and for creating joinery. The portable router is a versatile tool capable of making internal cutouts, trimming overlays, and doing specialized contouring on wood and composite materials.

Portable Router

004

Shaping

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine, demonstrate ability to verify proper conditioning prior to use.

Verifies sole plate is installed correctly and tight. Verifies depth adjustment bolt is securely tightened. Verifies depth collar functions smoothly. Verifies switch is off before plugging in tool.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given a router and a cutting tool, demonstrate ability to install and adjust bit and depth gauge prior to use.

Verifies collet and collet seat are clean and in good condition. Assures cutting tool shank is straight and true. Installs cutting tool properly. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given machine in unknown condition, demonstrate ability to set up and calibrate for operation by checking spindle alignment, brush condition, and inspecting motor bearings and wiring.

Inspects motor brushes to confirm they are intact and functioning.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Inspects power cord for breaks or tears. Verifies spindle has no run-out. Tests motor bearings for any indication of wear.

Portable Router

004

Shaping

Edge Profile

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine set up and ready to operate, use a 0.25” (1/4”) [6 mm] carbide quarter round bit with live bearing, route quarter round profile on 1 edge and 1 end of solid wood board.

Dimension tolerance of 0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] is held for the entire length of the profile.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up equipment with 0.25” (1/4”) [6 mm] carbide quarter round bit with live bearing, route quarter round profile on 1 edge and 1 end of solid wood board.

Installs correct cutter tool securely.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up equipment with 0.25” (1/4”) [6 mm] carbide quarter round bit with live bearing, stop route quarter round profile 3” [76 mm] from 1 edge and 1 end of solid wood board.

Sets motion stops to leave 3” [76 mm] of one end of the board free of profile.

No shoulder present in finished piece. Machined surfaces exhibit uniform cut marks with minimal burn or defects.

Verifies face plate is free from obstructions, and calibrated to 90° with cutter. Verifies live bearing is clean and properly lubricated. Meets Level 1 performance standards.

Verifies motion stop clamps do not impede operation of tool. Dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] at profile termination. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Portable Router

004

Shaping

Rabbet

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine set up and ready to operate, use a 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] straight shank carbide bit, route a 1/2 x 1/2 [13mm] rabbet in edge of a 24” [610 mm] board.

Dimension tolerance of 0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] is held for the entire length of the rabbet.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up equipment with 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] straight shank carbide bit, route a 1/2 x 1/2 [13mm] rabbet in edge of a 24” [610 mm] board using an edge guide.

Installs correct cutter tool securely.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up equipment with 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] straight shank carbide bit, route a 1/2 x 1/2 [13mm] rabbet in edge of a 24” [610 mm] board. Set motion stops to leave 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] of both ends of the board free of the rabbet.

Assures motion stop clamps do not impede operation of tool.

Machined surfaces exhibit uniform cut marks with minimal burn or defects.

Verifies face plate is free from obstructions, and calibrated to 90° with cutter. Installs and adjusts edge guide properly. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Dimension tolerance of ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] is maintained at rabbet termination. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Portable Router

004

Shaping

Dado/Plough/Groove

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine and straight edge guide set up and ready to operate, use a 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] straight shank carbide bit, route a 1/2 x 1/2 [13 mm] dado inset 1” [25.4 mm] from edge of a 24” [610 mm] board.

Dado is parallel to edge of board.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up equipment with a 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] straight shank carbide bit and straight edge guide, route a 1/2 x 1/2 [13 mm] dado inset 1” [25 mm] from edge of a 24” [610 mm] board.

Installs correct cutter tool securely.

Installs and adjusts edge guide properly.

Verifies face plate is free from obstructions, and calibrated to 90° with cutter.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given material, construct edge guide and set up equipment with a 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] straight shank carbide bit, route a 1/2 x 1/2 [13 mm] dado inset 1” [25.4 mm] from edge of a 24” [610 mm] board.

Edge guide is constructed with ample length to allow a straight exit from the board.

Dimension tolerance of ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] is held for the entire length of the dado. Machined surfaces exhibit uniform cut marks with minimal burn or defects.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Portable Router

004

Shaping

Template Cutout

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine set up and ready to operate, use a 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] straight shank carbide bit and template collar, set template and route a pre- determined cutout in board.

Falloff is properly supported with cleating prior to the operation.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up equipment with a 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] straight shank carbide bit and template collar, set template and route a pre-determined cutout in board.

Installs correct cutter tool and collar securely.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up equipment with a 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] straight shank carbide bit and template collar, construct template and route a pre-determined cutout in board.

Dimension tolerance of ±0.03125” (1/32”) [0.8 mm] (accounting for the collar offset) is held for the entire perimeter of the template.

Dimension tolerance of ±0.03125” (1/32”) [0.8 mm] (minus the collar offset) is held for the entire perimeter of the cutout. Machined surfaces exhibit uniform cut marks with minimal burn or defects.

Verifies sole plate is free from obstructions, and calibrated to 90° with cutters.

Secures templates appropriately to materials so as not to impede operation of tool. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Template edges are inspected and prepared for smooth operation of tool. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Position hands so part can be run from start to finish without lifting hands while avoiding tooling. Utilize positive stance and positioning for optimum balance, part control and to minimize body exposure in event of material kick-back.

Material is fed against the cutter rotation. Grain direction is correctly identified and appropriately considered for feed to minimize tear-out.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Demonstrate appropriate feed rate to control stock movement and waste removal relative to the size and type of material being shaped.

Section 004: Shaping

Spindle Shaper

Clears machine and cleans work area after operation.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Shaping is the process of making contoured surfaces and edges for decorative purposes or for joinery. This relatively simple machine can do a wide variety of operations depending on the kinds of cutters available. While shapers have a reputation for being notoriously dangerous machines, proper setup and careful use can reduce these dangers considerably.

Spindle Shaper

004

Shaping

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine, demonstrate ability to verify proper guarding and dust collection operation.

Verifies tool is properly guarded. Ensures paths of in-feed and out-feed have no obstructions to material and operator. Verifies hold-downs are positioned correctly at in-feed and out-feed for clearance to feed material. Verifies dust collection is positioned for effective chip removal.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given machine with cutting tools installed, install fences and set cutter dimensions to a specification.

Verifies cutting tools are secure and free of defects.

In-feed and out-feed fences are set with appropriate clearance to cutter head.

Verifies feed table is free of defects and clean.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Verifies spindle height and/or angle are set to specified dimension(s). In-feed and out-feed fences are adjusted to yield correct profile with smooth entry into and exit from part.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given machine in unknown condition, demonstrate ability to set up and calibrate the machine for operation.

Confirms in-feed and out-feed fences for coplanar state, target 0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] maximum deviation.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Installs cutting tools and verifies cutter rotation. Installs auxiliary hood guard for maximum protection and chip removal.

Spindle Shaper

004

Shaping

Rabbet

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine set up and ready to operate, shape a 1/2 x 1/2 [13 mm] rabbet in edge of a 24” [610 mm] board.

Dimension tolerance of ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] is held for the entire length of the rabbet.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up equipment with cutting tool, shape a 1/2 x 1/2 [13 mm] rabbet in edge of a 24” [610 mm] board.

Installs cutter correctly.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up equipment cutting tool, shape a 1/2 x 1/2 [13 mm] rabbet in edge of a 24” [610 mm] board. Set motion stops to leave 0.5” (1/2”) [13 mm] of both ends of the board free of the rabbet.

Installs motion stop clamps so they do not impede feeding of material.

Shaped surfaces exhibit a uniform smoothness,15-25 knife cuts per inch (KCPI), with no burning or hesitation marks.

Installs/adjusts fence properly. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Dimension tolerance of ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] is maintained at rabbet termination.

Spindle Shaper

004

Shaping

Edge Shaping

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material, the machine set up and ready to cut, and a target edge profile, shape the edge of the material to the specified profile.

Shaped surfaces exhibit a uniform smoothness,15-25 knife cuts per inch (KCPI), with no burning or hesitation marks.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up the machine to cut a target edge profile, shape the edge of the material to the specified profile.

Balances and installs cutting tool properly.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] along entire length of material.

Shaped surfaces are free of snipe. Shaped surfaces exhibit minimal tear-out. Shaped surface meets target profile. Profile is consistent along entire shaped surface, with no visible variation.

Sets spindle rotation correctly. Sets spindle speed correctly. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given machine and material, set up and properly install a vertical and horizontal featherboard assembly on the machine, used to shape the edge to a specified dimension.

Dimension tolerance of featherboards 0.03125” (1/32”) [0.8 mm] less than thickness and width of board. Verifies featherboards do not impede smooth feed of material. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Spindle Shaper

004

Shaping

End Shaping

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material, the appropriate jig, the machine set up ready to cut, and a target end profile, shape the end of the material to the specified profile.

Feeds material in the proper direction for cutter head rotation.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] along entire length of material.

Shaped surfaces exhibit a uniform smoothness,15-25 knife cuts per inch (KCPI), with no burning or hesitation marks.

Shaped surfaces are free of snipe.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, the appropriate jig, set up the machine to cut a target end profile, shape the end of the material to the specified profile.

Balances and installs cutting tool properly.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine, construct the appropriate jig, set up the machine to cut a target end profile, shape the end of the material to the specified profile.

Jig tracks square to the cutting tool.

Profile is consistent along entire shaped surface, with no visible variation.

Sets spindle rotation correctly. Sets spindle speed correctly. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Jig operates smoothly across feed table and fences. Material hold-downs do not impede operation of machine. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Spindle Shaper

004

Shaping

Edge Shaping Using Automatic Stock Feeder

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and a target edge profile, shape the edge of the material to the specified profile.

Loads material with appropriate edge and face towards cutter head and table surface. Shaped surfaces exhibit a uniform smoothness,15-25 knife cuts per inch (KCPI), with no burning or hesitation marks.

Dimension tolerance of ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] is held for the entire length of the detail.

Shaped surfaces exhibit minimal snipe at the entry and exit points.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material and a target edge profile, set up both the shaper and the feeder to shape the edge of the material to the specified profile.

Verifies automatic stock feeding as the correct method for part being machined. Correctly installs cutting tools in balance and to tolerance.

or multiple passes if required for amount of stock to be removed. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Sets spindle rotation speed relative to size and profile of knives, type of stock and tooling. Adjusts stock feeder position and speed settings for control of part. Sets cutter height and/or fence for partial cut

Level 3:

N/A

Spindle Shaper

004

Shaping

Edge Shaping Curved Parts

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material, jig and machine set up and ready to cut, shape the edge of curved material to a specified profile.

Feeds material in the proper direction for cutter head rotation. Shaped surfaces exhibit a uniform smoothness,15-25 knife cuts per inch (KCPI), with no burning or hesitation marks.

Shaped surfaces are free of snipe. Profile is consistent along entire shaped surface, with no visible variation.

Dimension tolerance is ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] along entire length of material.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material and jig, set up and ready to cut, set up machine and shape the edge of curved material to a specified profile.

Balances and installs cutting tool properly. Sets spindle rotation correctly. Sets spindle speed correctly. Verifies spindle bearing is operating smoothly. Securely fastens jig to part. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given machine and material, fabricate jig to utilize in edge shaping process.

A dimension tolerance of ±0.03125” (1/32”) [0.8 mm] (accounting for the collar offset) is held for the entire perimeter of the template. Inspects and prepares template edges for smooth operation of tool. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Manufacturer safety rules and guidelines are followed. Panel support rails (if present) are used to assist with large panel movement and placement.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Tooling requirements are reviewed and requisite tooling on the machine verified. Operator does not reach into the machine processing area while the machine is in operation.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed by everyone.

Operator clears machine and cleans work area after use.

Section 005: CNC

3-Axis Vacuum Pod CNC Machining Center

The CNC Machining Center is a multi-functional machine capable of boring and routing panel products and solid materials. Machines come in many forms, usually designed for specific uses.

CNC Machining Center

005

CNC

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies vacuum pod gaskets or table surface gaskets are free of cuts, tears and defects. Inspects panel material for nails, staples or foreign materials before processing. Verifies scrap and offal is removed from the machine prior to processing panel or program.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Inspects tooling apparatus for proper function. Inspects and positions vacuum apparatus and support beams. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Sets program and performs dry run prior to production. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

CNC Machining Center

005

CNC

3-Axis Vacuum Pod CNC Machining Centers

Routing, Grooving And Boring

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given a CNC vacuum pod machine that is properly set up, adjusted, with the correctly calibrated tooling, and the material ready to be processed, load and execute the machining operation.

Properly positions stock for machining.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given a CNC vacuum pod machine and specifications, set up tooling, then execute the machining operation.

Selects and installs tooling to meet machining specifications.

Identifies and resolves machine operation faults.

Adjusts and modifies existing programs as necessary.

Selects machine operation functions and options.

Enters tool values into the tool database.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Activates vacuum system and assures stock is properly secured.

Removes finished piece and clears machine for next run.

Dimension tolerance is within ±0.004” [0.1 mm].

Determines machining accuracy and quality of cut.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given a CNC vacuum pod machine and specifications, program, set up, then execute the machining operation.

Programming Programs parts.

Analyzes and corrects machining defects (quality of edges, holes).

Programs vacuum pod locations.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Designs and constructs unique part fixtures. Troubleshoot Product Verifies finished product measurements to design specifications. Verifies tooling is processing ±0.004 [.1 mm].

CNC Machining Center

005

CNC

Nested-Based CNC Machining Centers

Routing And Boring

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given a CNC nested base machine that is properly set up and adjusted, calibrated with the correct CNC tooling, and stock present, machine part(s).

Inspects spoil board.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given the CNC nested base machine, set up the machine and tooling, and machine part(s) to specifications.

Replaces/resurfaces spoil board when necessary.

Identifies and resolves machine operation faults.

Modifies existing programs if required.

Selects machine operation functions and options.

Locates and loads the stock for machining.

Removes finished piece and clears machine for next run.

Activates vacuum system and assures stock is properly secured. Dimension tolerance is within ±0.004” [0.1 mm].

Organizes panels to match programs. Enters tool values into the tool database. Determines machining accuracy and quality of cut.

Installs and calibrates tooling. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given the CNC nested base machine, program and set up the machine and tooling, and machine part(s) to specifications.

Programming Writes program for parts.

Verifies tooling is processing within ±0.004” [0.1 mm].

Programs nested panel designs.

Analyzes and corrects machining defects (quality of edges, holes).

Designs and constructs unique part fixtures. Troubleshoot Product Verifies finished product measurements to design specifications.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Operations are properly guarded. Safe hand positions are used. Appropriate stance is utilized for optimum balance and part control. Sharp appropriate tooling is furnished from the tool room. Appropriate and safe feed rate is demonstrated while controlling stock movement.

Proper evacuation of chips is monitored to prevent inaccurate placement, bit binding, or material burning during operation.

Drill press is allowed to come to a complete stop and shop lock out/tag out procedure is used prior to changing tooling.

Suitable backing material is available to minimize back blow-out.

Operator clears machine and cleans work area after use.

Stock is held securely in position and/ or against the fence as appropriate.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Drill press is allowed to come up to speed before cutting.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Depth gauge is adjusted to correct depth and is properly used.

Section 006: Boring

Single Spindle Drill Press

A Drill Press is used to accurately drill holes in stock. Most models have a way to adjust the spindle speed to accommodate various sizes and types of tooling. Some models are equipped with a tilting table to drill angled holes.

Single Spindle Drill Press

006

Boring

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies table, fence, and stops are clear of chips or other obstructions. Verifies guards, if any, are in place. Demonstrates knowledge of all machine specific controls.

Verifies stock is held securely in position. Verifies bit is installed securely and in the center of the chuck. Verifies depth gauge, if set, is set securely.

Verifies dust collection operable/operating, if applicable.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Installs and/or adjusts table, fence, and stop(s). Demonstrates ability to select and change speed appropriately. Installs or adjusts guard, if any. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Sets up and calibrates machine/tool for operation. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Single Spindle Drill Press

006

Boring

Drill Holes To Specified Location and Depth Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given stock marked for single hole to be drilled, machine set up to work with bit installed, fence, location, and depth stops set, drill hole in proper position to specified depth.

Hole is drilled to proper depth ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm].

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given stock marked for hole(s) to be drilled, set up and adjust machine, drill hole(s) in proper position to specified depth.

Sides of holes are smooth and free of burn marks.

Hole is drilled in proper position ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm]. Hole is free of tear-out at entry point.

Selects and installs proper tooling. Selects and sets proper speed for bit and material. Adjusts table properly. Adjusts depth stop properly. Hole(s) drilled meet Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given a machine, perform calibration/set-up; diagnose and/or correct the following; and given stock marked for hole(s) to be drilled, set up and adjust machine, drill hole(s) in proper position to specified depth.

Removes, lubricates, and replaces a chuck. Diagnoses and corrects table misalignment. Fabricates a jig for angled holes or a production fence with stops for multiple holes. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Single Spindle Drill Press

006

Boring

Drill Holes Completely Through Material

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given stock marked for single hole to be drilled, machine set up to work with bit installed, fence, location, and depth stops set, drill hole in proper position.

Hole is drilled in proper position ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm].

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given stock marked for hole(s) to be drilled, set up and adjust machine, drill hole(s) in proper position.

Selects and installs proper tooling.

Hole is free of tear-out at entry and exit points. Sides of holes are smooth and free of burn marks.

Selects and sets proper speed for bit and material. Adjusts table properly and securely. Adjusts depth stop properly and securely. Installs chip breaker backer board or block. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. This standard refers to the variety of machines dedicated to boring for “European” concealed hinges and inserting the hinge cup-and-arm into the cabinet door with a second stroke or move. The layout and operation of each manufacturer’s machine is

Section 006: Boring

Hinge Bore and Insert

slightly different. Care shall be taken to follow the instructions that come with each machine.

Work area is cleared of obstacles. Hinge magazine is properly loaded.

Framework is calibrated to cutting and inserting tools. Stops are locked in place before operation. Dust and debris is removed from equipment.

Operator clears machine and cleans work area after use. Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn. Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

A Hinge Bore and Insert machine is a special type of Drill Press dedicated to boring for and installing European Concealed Hinges. These machines often have interchangeable spindles which allow multiple holes to be drilled simultaneously.

Hinge Bore and Insert

006

Boring

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies table, fence, and stops are clear of chips or other obstructions. Verifies guards, if any, are in place. Demonstrates knowledge of all machine specific controls.

Verifies stock is held securely in position. Verifies bit(s) are installed securely and in the center of the chuck. Verifies depth stops or bit travel is set securely.

Verifies dust collection operable/operating, if applicable.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Installs and/or adjusts table, fence, and stop(s). Demonstrates ability to select and change speed appropriately. Installs or adjusts guard, if equipped. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Sets up and calibrates machine/tool for operation. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Hinge Bore and Insert

006

Boring

Bore And Insert Hinge

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given materials and equipment set up and ready to operate, bore and insert hinge into rectangular door panel.

Inserts door panel into machine without marring door. Dimensional tolerance: 0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] with respect to bore placement and depth. Removes door from machine without marring door, and stages for next operation.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given a machine, select proper material and tooling, and set up equipment to bore and insert hinge into rectangular door panel.

Installs proper tooling to accomplish specified task.

Checks materials for consistent dimensions.

Sets and secures stops properly for multihinge application.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given a machine, perform calibration/set-up; diagnose and/or correct the following; and select proper material and tooling, and set up equipment to bore and insert hinge into rectangular door panel.

Determines settings for hinge type and adjusts machine for accuracy.

Sets bore depth accordingly.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Lubricates machine properly. Inspects sensors for proper operation. Adjusts dust control equipment/settings properly.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Minimum expectations applicable to all operations, unless otherwise noted: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Machine safety orientation, hazard awareness, cleaning procedures, and equipment limitations conducted by experienced operator. Material or parts appropriately staged at station.

Operation guarded. Demonstrates safe feed while controlling stock movement. Off load sanded product and stage properly for next operation.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn. Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Spot check sanded dimensions following the operation. If required select proper program from controller or PLC.

Section 007: Sanding

Wide Belt Sander

Operator clears machine and cleans work area after use.

Wide Belt sanders are used to level and sand solid stock, sheet materials and assemblies. Specialty machines equipped with electronic platens are capable of sanding thin veneers and irregular surfaces.

Wide Belt Sander

007

Sanding

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Demonstrates preventative maintenance procedures. Demonstrates proper adjustment of pressure rollers. Demonstrates proper adjustment of platen(s).

Level 2:

Performance standard: Installs appropriate grit/type of belt for given operation Inspects moisture traps and drains as needed. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Demonstrates ability to use machine manual to effect adjustments and maintenance. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Wide Belt Sander

007

Sanding

Sanding Solid Wood

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine already set up, adjusted, with material ready, sand the correct surface(s) to the specified grit and thickness.

Correct surface is sanded.

Entire width of machine bed is used.

Desired thickness within specified tolerance ±0.005” [0.1 mm] side to side is achieved.

No evidence of chatter marks, streaking or part hesitation.

Pieces fed in correct direction with regard to grain.

Material is properly supported at in-feed and out-feed.

Minimum part length is observed.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given specifications, set up machine to sand the correct surface(s) to the specified grit and thickness.

Sanding head(s) are set for correct stock removal.

Abrasive belt conditions are monitored, analyzed and changed as required.

Correct sanding head(s) are selected and engaged.

Parts have sharp edges.

Appropriate grit belt(s) are installed.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Proper stock removal rates are selected given material type.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given a machine perform calibration/set-up; diagnose and/ or correct the following, and set up machine to sand the correct surface(s) to the specified grit and thickness.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Parts have consistent scratch pattern.

Wide Belt Sander

007

Sanding

Sanding Veneered Panels Special Notes on Veneer Sanding: * Since not all sanders are equipped to sand veneer, machine is verified as capable of fine veneer sanding. * Any veneered panel generally requires a segmented pad to prevent sanding through the veneer. * Use techniques as taught by installing technician, education faculty or factory personnel. Modify to suit your application. * Operator must consider: substrate, veneer species, veneer thickness, presence of tape, noticeable curvature, thickness consistency. * Flat veneered board, such as MDF, can be sanded if sander is equipped with correct type of platen: air cushioned pad or electronic pad.

Level 1:

N/A

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given machine set up, adjusted, with material ready, sand the correct surfaces of veneered panels to the specified grit and thickness.

Measure panel thickness and set machine. Height of pad adjusted to prevent sanding through. Uses proper feed speed. Processes and inspects trial panel and makes adjustments as necessary. Uses entire width of machine bed. Assures material is properly supported at infeed and out-feed.

Selects correct sanding head(s) and engages properly. Installs appropriate grit belt(s). Selects proper stock removal rates for given material type. Appropriate changes to program made as required. Abrasive belt conditions are monitored, analyzed and changed as required.

Demonstrates basic machine operation, i.e. setup and function. Sets each sanding head for correct stock removal when utilizing multiple heads.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given specifications, set up, adjust and sand correct surfaces of veneered panels to the specified grit and thickness.

Demonstrates ability to use machine manual to effect adjustments and maintenance. Recognizes machine-based defects and the adjustment/maintenance solutions.

Recognizes material-based defects. Demonstrates full understanding of sanding principles. Meets Level 2 performance standard.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Dust collection is connected and functioning properly.

Idler and driven drum bearings are functioning properly.

Adequate lighting is available to inspect finished edge quality.

Machine is properly balanced and excess dust is removed from drums, table and cabinet.

Part table is flat and free of debris and defects.

A sharp belt of the appropriate coarseness is installed.

Auxiliary tables are available and adjusted to correct height.

Section 007: Sanding

Edge Sander

Equipment is cleaned with compressed air, when available, or bench brush prior to beginning. Electrical cords and clothing are well away from rotating parts. Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn. Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Edge Sanders are used to straighten and smooth the edges of materials, and to safely sand short materials which might not safely pass through a Widebelt Sander. Many Edge Sanders are equipped with tilting tables to allow bevels to be sanded.

Edge Sander

007

Sanding

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies belt is properly tensioned, sharp and tracking correctly. Verifies table is at correct height and locked. Verifies that 90° stop block/fence is square and firmly clamped. Verifies work area is clean, organized and free from tripping hazards.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Installs new belt. Adjusts tension and tracking. Adjusts table height to utilize fresh belt surface. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Sets and clamps stop block. Cleans belt with raw latex stick. Adjusts table angle. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Edge Sander

007

Sanding

Sand 90º Edge Of Banded Panel

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given an edge sander with a sharp belt of the appropriate coarseness and properly adjusted table and stop block, sand the long, straight, 90º edge of a 42” x 16” x 3/4” (1066 mm x 400 x 19) board that has been banded with a 1/8” (3 mm) solid hardwood edge.

A dimensional tolerance of ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.5 mm] from flat is maintained across entire length.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

None of the veneer edge is sanded through

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given an edge sander with a sharp belt and properly adjusted end table, sand a 90º long edge of a 42” x 16” x 3/4” (1066 mm x 400 x 19) board that has been banded with a 0.027” (1/36”) [0.7 mm] hardwood veneer edge. The edge to be sanded will be a concave curved to follow a 48” (1220 mm) radius along the edge.

Guides edge into contact with moving belt and idler drum smoothly and gradually.

A tolerance of ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.5 mm] from parallel is maintained from opposing edge.

Edges are crisp, no apparent round over. All mill marks are removed. Edge has no skips, burns, washboarding or snipes. All scratches, nicks and machining defects are removed.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Edges are crisp, no apparent round over. Edge has no skips, burns, washboarding or snipes. All scratches, nicks and machining defects are removed.

Feeds work piece from right to left or against direction of belt rotation.

Inspects edge for acceptable surface quality Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Completes sanding pass in one smooth motion without pausing or backing up.

Edge Sander

007

Sanding

Sand 90º End Of Solid Board

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given an edge sander with a sharp belt of the appropriate coarseness and properly adjusted table and stop block, sand the straight, 90º end of a 42” x 16” x 3/4” (1066 mm x 400 x 19) solid hardwood board.

End of board is square to within a tolerance of +/- 0.25°. A tolerance of ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.5 mm] from parallel is maintained from opposing edge.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Guides edge into contact with moving belt smoothly and gradually using stop block/ fence.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Sets and clamps stop block.

End is crisp and straight, no apparent round over.

All mill/saw marks are removed. End has no skips, burns, washboarding or snipes. All scratches, nicks and machining defects are removed.

Inspects edge for acceptable surface quality. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Applies appropriate pressure to optimize motion of oscillating belt. Withdraws work piece from moving belt while maintaining parallelism.

Cleans belt with raw latex stick. Adjusts table angle. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Part table is flat and free of debris and defects. Available dust control methods are used. Equipment is cleaned with com-

pressed air, when available, or bench brush prior to beginning. Particle filtration (dust) mask is worn. Parts are cleaned of grit and dust prior to sanding with the next finer grit.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn. Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed by everyone.

Operator cleans tool and work area after use.

Section 007: Sanding

Random Orbital Sander

Random Orbit Sanders are used for final smoothing of assemblies and for finishing panels. They leave a random, circular scratch pattern which is often less conspicuous in materials.

Random Orbital Sander

007

Sanding

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies tool is cleaned of excess sanding dust. Inspects condition of sanding pad. Confirms integrity of electrical or pneumatic connection.

Level 2:

N/A

Level 3:

N/A

Random Orbital Sander

007

Sanding

Sand Flat Pieces Of Solid Lumber

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine set up to operate, sand part(s) through specified sequence of progressively finer grits.

A dimensional tolerance of ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] from flat is maintained.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material and selection of abrasives, set up machine to sand part(s) through the appropriate sequence of progressively finer grits to a specified final grit.

Inspects part for minimum defects suitable for the finish desired.

Level 3:

N/A

Pronounced orbital sanding marks are not present.

Edges are crisp, no apparent round over. All scratches, nicks and machining defects are removed.

Meets Level 1 performance standards.

Uses appropriate grits and compositions of sand paper for given operation. Installs sand paper on the device to maximize paper life.

Random Orbital Sander

007

Sanding

Sand Flat Pieces Of Veneered Panel

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and machine set up to operate, sand part(s) through specified sequence of progressively finer grits.

A dimensional tolerance of ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] from flat is maintained.

Pronounced orbital sanding marks are not present.

Edges are crisp, no apparent round over.

Veneer body remains sound, without telegraphing as a result of sanding.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material and selection of abrasives, set up machine to sand part(s) through the appropriate sequence of progressively finer grits to a specified final grit.

Inspects part for minimum defects suitable for the finish desired.

Level 3:

N/A

All scratches, nicks and machining defects are removed.

Sanded part meets Level 1 performance standard.

Uses appropriate grits and compositions of sand paper for given operation. Installs sand paper on the device to maximize paper life.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Clears machine and cleans work area after operation.

Machine safety orientation, hazard awareness and equipment limitations conducted.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

All unique adjustments and pressures set in accordance with machine manual and/or specified standard shop operating practices.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Section 008: Clamping & Laminating

Edgebander Straight, Feedthrough

Edgebanders are used to apply edging to panel products. Most machines will trim the edgebanding to length and flush with the panelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surface. More sophisticated machines allow profiling of edges and ends, as well as the capability to apply laminate and solid stock to panel cores.

Edgebander

008

Clamping & Laminating

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies all emergency stops are intact and functioning. Verifies core material thickness. Ensures dust collection is functioning. Ensures proper air pressure is supplied. Demonstrates understanding of the function of all machine controls edgebander stations.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Powers up machine and verifies proper operating temperature has been reached.

Material is prepared and appropriately staged at machine.

Selects proper adhesive for given task and material.

Enables correct stations for given material/ process.

Loads magazine for coiled or straight banding material.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Sets beam height to within 0.0039’’ (.1 mm) based on panel thickness.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Demonstrates ability to perform maintenance as outline in Maintenance Standard. Diagnoses and troubleshoots mechanical, electrical and pneumatic faults. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Edgebander

008

Clamping & Laminating

Edgebanding

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine set up, adjusted, with edgebanding and material ready to band, apply the coiled or strip edgebanding to the given material or parts.

Feeds panel properly into machine. Applies edgeband to correct edges in proper sequence (opposing edges first). Demonstrates smooth continuous feed to apply banding with no chatter marks or evidence of glue buildup. Monitors adhesive level during use and replenishes as necessary. Identifies basic material and processing defects.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material, set up machine and apply edgebanding to specifications.

Loads program and/or adjusts machine for given material.

Powers down machine in accordance with machine manual.

Sets up and adjusts all processing stations.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Corrects basic processing defects. Produces parts which exhibit acceptable glue line with minimal glue residue.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given a machine, perform calibration/set-up or diagnose and/ or correct problems.

Creates, modifies or edits programs. Calibrates each processing station common to given edgebander

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Evaluates, changes, and calibrates tooling. Performs operational and preventative maintenance. Interprets and applies information found in machine manual. © 2009 Woodwork Career Alliance ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Materials are machined and prepared properly, with dowels and hardware installed.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Clears machine and cleans work area after operation.

Section 008: Clamping & Laminating

A Case Clamp allows rapid assembly and square clamping of cabinet cases. Some models are equipped with motors which automatically adjust the opening to speed the clamping process.

Case Clamp

008

Clamping & Laminating

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies work area is free of clutter. Verifies all emergency stops are intact and functioning. Ensures fastening supplies and hand tools are positioned for use. Verifies press faces are clean, flat and free of blemishes.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Verifies clamps are adjusted square and true. Verifies pressure points are adjusted appropriately to produce even pressure during clamping. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Demonstrates ability to perform maintenance as outlined in Maintenance Standard. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Case Clamp

008

Clamping & Laminating

Assemble Cabinet Box: Top, Bottom, Ends And Back

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given materials and machine ready to operate, assemble and clamp a 4-sided box with a back.

Joints remain tight and sound when pressure is released from clamps. Box is assembled square within ±0.0312” (1/32”) [1 mm] when measured corner to corner in any direction.

Surfaces of any two opposing parts are within ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended position.

Surfaces of any two opposing parts intended to be flush are flush within ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm].

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given materials, set up machine to assemble and clamp a 4-sided box with a back.

Inspects materials to confirm dowels/glue are accurately applied.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given specifications and company practice, apply skills and knowledge of woodworking to ensure optimal quality. Works independently and is able to supervise and instruct Level 1 and Level 2. Has a high ability to make independent decisions. Given materials, set up machine to assemble and clamp a 4-sided box with a back.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Adjusts pressure points to produce even pressure during clamping.

Reads and interprets shop drawings correctly. Recognizes machine-based defects and the adjustment/maintenance solutions. Verifies product meets project and shop quality standards. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Case Clamp

008

Clamping & Laminating

Assemble Cabinet Box: Top, Bottom, Ends, Bulkhead (Shelves/Dividers) And Back Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given materials and machine ready to operate, clamp and assemble a 4-sided box with a bulkhead and back.

Joints remain tight and sound when pressure is released from clamps.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given materials, set up machine to assemble and clamp a 4-sided box with a bulkhead and back.

Inspects materials to confirm dowels/glue are accurately applied.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Reads and interprets shop drawings correctly.

Box is assembled square within ±0.0312” (1/32”) [1 mm] when measured corner to corner in any direction.

Surfaces of any two opposing parts intended to be flush are flush within ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm]. Surfaces of any two opposing parts are within ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended position.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Adjusts pressure points to produce even pressure during clamping.

Recognizes machine-based defects and the adjustment/maintenance solutions. Verifies product meets project and shop quality standards. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

100

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Spacers are provided to eliminate voids between the platens.

Press cores, veneer cover sheets and press glue are prepared and ready to process.

Platens are protected by mylar skins and/or release agent.

There is ample room to assemble glued cores and skins. An auxiliary work table is positioned in front of the press large enough to assemble all cores and skins. Cores and skins are grouped in appropriate sizes and thicknesses.

Platens are heated to the correct temperature.

machine safety orientation, and are aware of hazards, consequence of misuse and equipment limitations. Material may be loaded and unloaded without delay or encumbrances. Proper cooling procedure is followed.

Operator clears machine and cleans work area after operation.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Operators and helpers have had

Section 008: Clamping & Laminating

Hot Press

008

101

Clamping & Laminating

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies press is at operating temperature. Verifies glue, trays and rollers are available and correctly positioned. Verifies emergency stops and limiters are functional. Verifies press faces are clean, flat and free of blemishes.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Powers up press and verifies proper operating temperature has been reached.

Stages material at press table.

Adjusts hydraulic pressure as required for press load.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Determines press loading sequence.

Selects and mixes (if required) proper adhesive for given task and material. Inspects and cleans top and bottom platens.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Cleans platens with water or special detergent. Prepares spacers for press runs. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Hot Press

008

102

Clamping & Laminating

Press Flat Panels

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given a hot press, staging table, glue, tray, roller, press spacers, 4 particle board press cores 24” x 24” x 11/16” [610 x 610 x 18 mm] and 8 red oak veneer cover sheets 25” x 25” [635 x 635 mm], press all 4 panels in a single press cycle.

Entire core is covered on both sides with veneer skin.

Panels are free from pressure marks.

Veneer is properly aligned on core with no less than 3/8” [9 mm] and no more than 5/8” [16 mm] veneer skin extending beyond the edges of the press cores on all 4 edges and on all 4 panels.

No excess adhesive has contaminated the platens.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Places “A” skins good face down on veneer table. Places cores with “A” sides up on cores. Places “B” skins at the ready in an appropriate location. Places glue tray and roller in an appropriate location. Charges the roller with glue. Applies a consistent and appropriate glue film to all 4 cores. Flips all 4 cores over onto “A” cover sheets in quick succession.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given a hot press, staging table, glue, tray, roller, press spacers, 12 particle board press cores 24” x 24” x 11/16” [610 x 610 x 18 mm] and 24 red oak veneer cover sheets 25” x 25” [635 x 635 mm], press all 12 panels in 3 press cycles in quick succession.

Fabricates spacers to fill unused areas between platens.

Unloads and reloads the press when it completes pressing cycle 1.

Mixes and prepares adhesive, tray and roller.

Unloads and reloads the press when it completes pressing cycle 2.

Veneer is fastened firmly to core.

Panels exhibit minimal or no bleed through of adhesive.

Calculates required hydraulic pressure and adjusts accordingly. Processes 4 panels for pressing while the first 4 panels are in the press.

Applies a consistent and appropriate glue film to all 4 cores. Places “B” cover sheets in position over cores. Loads core and veneer sandwiches into press between spacers. Positions cores correctly over hydraulic rams. Closes press in a timely fashion. Removes pressed panels from press at end of cycle. Places cores to allow for even cooling/curing. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

103

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Safety kick-wire is installed and fully operational.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Machine safety orientation, hazard awareness, consequence of misuse and equipment limitations instructed by an experienced operator.

Demonstrates control of stock and safe feed of material in and out of platens.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Demonstrates correct body posture during machine operation.

Clears machine and cleans work area after operation.

Section 008: Clamping & Laminating

Cold Press

008

104

Clamping & Laminating

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies all emergency stops are intact and functioning. Verifies core material thickness. Verifies press faces are clean, flat and free of blemishes.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Selects proper adhesive for given task and material. Inspects and cleans top and bottom platens. Material is prepared and appropriately staged at machine. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Demonstrates ability to perform maintenance as outlined in Maintenance Standard Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Cold Press

008

105

Clamping & Laminating

Press Flat Panels

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given machine set up, adjusted, platen release agent applied, with a 48”x 96” [1220 x 2440 mm] substrate and 48”x 96” [1220 x 2440 mm] decorative material prepared, apply the decorative material to the substrate.

Applies glue line using controlled shop method.

Face is smooth with no evidence of delamination.

Loads material into press in timely fashion (within allowed open time of glue).

Glued surfaces have minimal glue saturation.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Powers up cold press and verifies it is functioning.

Determines clamping time relative to adhesive being utilized.

Assesses if release agent applicable; applies as needed.

Determines that panel meets quality standards.

Performs closing procedure to achieve correct Bar PSI rating relative to adhesive being utilized.

Powers down cold press.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Using given specifications and company practice, select a 48” x 96” [1220 x 2440 mm] substrate, set up machine and apply a pre-prepared 48” x 96” [1220 x 2440 mm] decorative material to the substrate. Given specifications and company practice, apply skills and knowledge of woodworking to ensure optimal quality. Works independently and is able to supervise and instruct Level 1 and Level 2. Has a high ability to make independent decisions.

Fabricates jigs to press curved shapes.

Sets curing times on timers.

There is minimal adhesive squeeze-out at edges of substrate.

Unloads panel safely out of machine.

Demonstrates ability to use machine manual to effect adjustments and maintenance. Recognizes machine-based defects and the adjustment/maintenance solutions.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Verifies product meets project and shop quality standards. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

106

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. Proper stance and position are demonstrated.

free from nicks. Tool rest is adjusted correctly relative to the spindle blank.

smooth, continuous and controlled feed motion. Operator clears machine and cleans work area after use.

The spur teeth and center are sharp and properly ground.

Spindle blank is from clear, even grained wood, free from checks or other defects.

Live centers rotate smoothly and dead centers are sharp and lubricated.

All gouges, parting tools, skews or other tools are sharp and ready to use.

No loose clothing, jewelry, etc. is worn by operator.

Tail stock and spindle are properly positioned and locked securely.

Speed is adjusted to suit diameter of spindle being turned.

Dust collection is utilized effectively.

Top edge of tool rest is smooth and

Lathe cutting tools are fed with a

Section 009: Turning

Hand Lathe (Spindle Turning)

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

The hand lathe is used by a select sub-set of fine woodworking operations. Lathe skills are developed at those plants in which turnings and decorative elements are a part of the shop mix. There are a wide variety of lathe machines, and each has characteristics which require specific training for safe and efficient use.

Hand Lathe (Spindle Turning)

107

009

Turning

XXXxxxx Pre-Operation Xxxxxx

Checklist

Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies spindle blank turns freely by hand without excessive play between centers or contacting the tool rest. Verifies that tool rest and tail stock are firmly locked in position.

Verifies that tools are sharp and ready to use. Verifies rotational speed selected does not produce unacceptable vibration.

Verifies height and clearance adjustment of tool rest. Verifies dead center is lubricated (if applicable).

Level 2:

Performance standard: Prepares and installs spindle blank between centers. Adjusts and locks position of tool rest base and tailstock.

Lubricates dead center as required. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Adjusts height and clearance of tool rest. Adjusts rotational speed to optimal setting with dial or step pulleys.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Cleans lathe bed of wood or finishing residue. Inspects lathe stand to ensure it is free of shavings. Inspects drive belts to confirm they are free from cracks and tensioned correctly.

Replaces and tightens keys, drive belts, and other rotational parts as required. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Inspects pulleys to confirm positive attachment to drive shaft.

Hand Lathe

108

009

Turning

Spindle Turning

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given a suitable 2” [50 mm] square, 16” [400 mm] long spindle blank installed between centers and with the tool rest set to the correct height and clearance, use a sharp gouge to produce a cylinder to a specified diameter 1 3/4” [45 mm].

Surface of cylinder is free from torn grain.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given a suitable cylindrical spindle blank mounted between centers and with the tool rest adjusted to the correct height and clearance, use a mirror image pattern, gouges, round nose chisels, spear point chisels, parting tools and skews to produce a cove, bead, “V”, shoulder, ogee, and taper cut.

Profile cuts are positioned correctly along the length of the spindle, target deviation not more than ±0.0312 “(1/32”) [0.8 mm].

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given a spindle turned according to the specifications detailed in Level 2, use progressively finer coated abrasives (sandpaper) and oil to produce a finished spindle.

Surface is free from visible cross sanding and tool marks when examined with side lighting of x lumens by a person with normal (20/20) visual acuity.

Surface of cylinder exhibits smooth, continuous cuts from end to end. Surface of cylinder is flat.

Diameter is the same when checked at 3 equidistant locations along the length of the cylinder, target deviation not more than ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm].

Diameter is the same when checked at both ends with calipers, target deviation not more than ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm].

Profiles match pattern, target deviation not more than ±0.0312 “(1/32”) [0.8 mm]. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

standards.

Surface is wet-sanded to 1200 grit and a 35° sheen. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance

Hand Lathe

109

009

Turning

Faceplate Turning

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given a softwood blank 8” [200 mm] in diameter and 3” [75 mm] thick, mounted (by means of a paper joint) to a faceplate equipped with a plywood faceplate liner on the inboard side of the lathe, and with the tool rest correctly positioned and locked, produce a straight-walled container to specified depth and side wall thickness.

Inside and outside surfaces of container are free from torn grain.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given the blank described in level one, turn a bowl to specifications with convex exterior and a concave interior.

Inside and outside surfaces of bowl are free from torn grain.

All surfaces of container exhibit smooth, continuous shorn cuts.

Depth of container is as specified, target deviation not more than ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.5 mm].

Surfaces of container are flat. Wall thickness is uniform when checked with calipers at top, middle, and bottom, target deviation not more than ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.5 mm].

All surfaces of bowl exhibit smooth, continuous shorn cuts. Inside and outside surfaces have curves which match the negative image pattern provided.

checked with calipers at top, middle, and bottom, target deviation not more than ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.5 mm]. Depth of bowl is as specified, target deviation not more than ±0.0625” (1/16”) [1.5 mm]. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Thickness of bowl sides is uniform when

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given the blank described in Level 1, except that it is made from a suitable hardwood, turn, sand and finish a bowl according to the same specifications.

All surfaces are free from visible cross sanding and tool marks when examined with side lighting of x lumens by a person with normal (20/20) visual acuity.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

All surfaces are wet-sanded to 1200 grit and a 35° sheen.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

110

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Operator cleans tool and work area after use.

Clamps, biscuits, and glue are prepared for quick assembly.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Disengage from power source until everything is ready to begin cutting operation.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Section 010: Joinery & Assembly

Biscuit Joiner

010

111

Joinery & Assembly

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies stock is properly clamped (if required). Demonstrates proper holding of machine to prevent vertical or horizontal movement when engaging cutter head. Verifies dust collection operable/operating (if equipped).

Level 2:

Performance standard: Checks cutter for cleanness and replaces if needed.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Tests equipment for movement of cutter head (plunge and retraction into housing). Installs or adjusts fence. Adjusts machine for depth of cut appropriate to the biscuit size being used.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Sets up and calibrates fence for operation. Calibrates depth of cut setting. Makes a layout rod for biscuit placement. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Biscuit Joiner

010

112

Joinery & Assembly

Machine 90º Butt Jointed Corner (i.e., Shelf-To-Top Joint) Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material properly prepared for machining, with joint location specified, execute the joint between a shelf and vertical end or divider to receive biscuits keeping the shelf flush with the front edge. Minimum of two biscuits per joint.

Demonstrates ability to place cutter head ±.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of location mark.

Angle of joint of any two opposing parts is within 0.5º of intended position.

Uses layout rod or company standard to mark biscuit locations.

Maximum gap caused by biscuit machining is 0.001” in joint between opposing parts after assembly.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material properly prepared for machining, layout material for joints, set up machine, and execute the joint between a shelf and vertical end or divider to receive biscuits keeping the shelf flush with the front edge.

Marks layout of the joint square to edge and within .0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended position.

Level 3:

N/A

Makes a joint face which is flush ±0.005”. Joins opposing parts within .0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended lateral position.

Marks center points for the biscuits on shelf and vertical within .0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended position.

Adjusts machine fence and guides to 90º setting. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Biscuit Joiner

010

113

Joinery & Assembly

Machine Intermediate 90º Joint (i.e., Fixed shelf to cabinet side) Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material properly prepared for machining, with panel location laid out, execute the joint between a shelf and vertical face or divider to receive biscuits keeping the shelf flush with the front edge. Minimum of two biscuits per joint.

Demonstrates ability to place cutter head ±.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of location mark.

Angle of joint of any two opposing parts is within 0.5º of intended position.

Uses layout rod or company standard to mark biscuit locations.

Maximum gap caused by biscuit machining is 0.001” in joint between opposing parts after assembly.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material properly prepared for machining, layout material for joints, set up machine, and execute the joint between a shelf and vertical face or divider to receive biscuits keeping the shelf flush with the front edge.

Marks layout of the joint square to edge and within .0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended position.

Level 3:

N/A

Makes a joint face which is flush ±0.005”. Joins opposing parts within .0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended lateral position.

Marks center points for the biscuits on shelf and vertical within .0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended position.

Adjusts machine fence and guides to 90º setting. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Biscuit Joiner

010

114

Joinery & Assembly

Edge-to-Edge or End-to-End Joint (including flat faced miters) Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material properly prepared for machining, execute the joint between 2 flat pieces to receive biscuits. Minimum of two biscuits per joint.

Demonstrates ability to place cutter head ±.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of location mark.

Angle of joint of any two opposing parts is within 0.5º of intended position.

Uses layout rod or company standard to mark biscuit locations.

Maximum gap caused by biscuit machining is 0.001” in joint between opposing parts after assembly.

Makes a joint face which is flush ±0.005”. Joins opposing parts within .0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended lateral position.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given material properly prepared for machining, set up machine and execute the joint between 2 flat pieces to receive biscuits. Minimum of two biscuits per joint.

Marks layout of the joint square to edge and within .0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended position.

Level 3:

N/A

Marks center points for the biscuits on shelf and vertical within .0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of intended position.

Adjusts machine fence and guides to 90º setting. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

115

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Operator clears machine and cleans work area after use.

There are numerous types of machines and portable tools for creating pocket hole joinery. This standard is concerned with the execution and assembly of this joinery. Set-up and adjustments will differ by manufacturer.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Section 010: Joinery & Assembly

Screw Pocket Machine

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

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Screw Pocket Machine

010

116

Joinery & Assembly

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Clears area around machine for unobstructed access.

Verifies dust collection operable/operating (if equipped).

Positions foot switch for ease of use.

Clears excess dust buildup from machine if dust collection not present.

Tests safety mechanism for proper operation. Demonstrates proper holding of stock to prevent vertical or horizontal movement when engaging cutter/drill.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Inspects hold-down for damage and proper operation.

Adjusts machine settings appropriate to the material thickness.

Inspects for free unobstructed movement of cutting apparatus before power is applied.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Checks tooling and replaces/cleans if needed.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Demonstrates ability to perform maintenance as outlined in the Maintenance Standard Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Screw Pocket Machine

010

117

Joinery & Assembly

90º Pocket Screw Joint

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given material and a machine set up, cut pockets and assemble a 90 degree joint.

Makes a joint face which is flush ±0.005”. Maximum gap of 0.001” in joint between opposing parts after assembly caused by screw pocket machining. Holes are more than 0.125” (1/8”) [3 mm] away from any edge of stock being machined. Joint is located within 0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm] of desired location.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given materials, set up machine or jig to execute pocket joints and assemble product.

Adjusts screw pocket position relative to edge (web distance) for length of screw being used. Adjusts pocket cutting feed rate for optimal cutting relative to material type and tool sharpness. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

N/A

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

118

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Appropriate stance is utilized for optimum balance and part control.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Operator clears machine and cleans work area after use.

Section 011: Grinding & Sharpening

The bench grinder is used to prepare tools for additional honing steps; to remove burrs, knicks, and chips from metal tools and parts; and to change bevel angles or the geometry of a item in the shop.

Bench Grinder

011

119

Grinding & Sharpening

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies the wheel is sound, without cracks or chips, dressed and slightly crowned.

Assures water for quenching is close at hand, ready to use.

Verifies the wheel is properly guarded.

Assures no combustibles are within proximity to the tool.

Verifies distance between the tool rest and the edge of the wheel does not exceed 0.125” (1/8”) [3 mm]. Checks all wheel and tool rest adjustments and tightens securely.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Confirms the wheel is friable, renewing its abrasive under use. Sets the tongue (spark arrestor) to a clearance of 0.0625” (1/16”) [1.5 mm] to 0.25” (1/4”) [6 mm]. Sets tool rest at proper angle and distance from wheel. Demonstrates ability to dress and crown wheels.

Level 3:

N/A

Bench Grinder

011

120

Grinding & Sharpening

Sharpening Straight Blade

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given a properly set-up machine, wheel, and tool rest, produce a true edge and bevel, ready for honing, on a straight square blade such as a hand chisel or blade for a hand plane.

Edges are sharp enough to catch when sliding across the surface of a finger nail. Edges of blade are straight and square to adjacent edges of tool ±0.0156” (1/64”) [0.4 mm]. Ground surfaces of tools are smooth and show uniform marks from grinding wheel. There is no burning or discoloration.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given a wheel, tool rest and properly set-up machine, produce a true edge and bevel, ready for honing, on a straight square blade such as a hand chisel or blade for a hand plane.

Demonstrates ability to match existing angle by adjusting tool rest so contact point is in the middle of the bevel. Demonstrates ability to blunt an edge at 90º and grind a new angle. Angle tolerance is accurate to within 0.5º. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3: Given a bench grinder, select, install and properly dress wheels to grind straight and curved edges.

Performance standard: Performs ring test on grinding wheel. Selects and installs proper grinding wheel.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Demonstrates ability to grind curved tools. Demonstrates ability to change a bevel or angle on an existing blade to the four common angles: 20º, 25º, 30º, and 35º.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

121

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. This standard refers to a bench grinder with a wheel which turns at between 70-700 rpm, with water cooling the edge as heat is generated. This standard is intended to cover

both horizontal and vertical wheels.

protective equipment is worn.

The wheel is properly guarded. Appropriate stance is utilized for optimum balance and part control.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Operator clears machine and cleans work area after use. Required OSHA approved personal

Section 011: Grinding & Sharpening

Slow speed water wheel grinders pick up where the basic bench grinder leaves off. Tools edges can be brought to a finer finish with less chance of burning the steel on a water wheel.

Slow Speed Water Wheel

Water Wheel Grinder

011

122

Grinding & Sharpening

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies wheel is flat. Ensures wheel has adequate supply of clean water. Verifies that the space between the tool rest and the edge of the wheel does not exceed 1/8”.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Installs guide at desired angle. Ensures wheel and tool rest adjustments are checked and tightened securely. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Verifies wheel is sound, without cracks or chips and properly dressed. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Water Wheel Grinder

011

123

Grinding & Sharpening

Sharpening Straight Blade

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given a properly set-up machine, wheel, and tool rest, produce a true edge and bevel, ready for honing, on a straight square blade such as a hand chisel or blade for a hand plane.

Edge is sharp enough to catch when sliding across the surface of a finger nail. Edge of blade is straight and square to adjacent edges of tool ±0.015”. Ground surface of tool is smooth and shows uniform marks from grinding wheel. There is no burning or discoloration.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given a wheel, tool rest and properly set-up machine, produce a true edge and bevel, ready for honing, on a straight square blade such as a hand chisel or blade for a hand plane.

Sets tool rest at the proper distance from wheel for specified angle.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given a wheel, tool rest and properly set-up machine, produce a true edge and bevel, ready for honing, on a straight square blade such as a hand chisel or blade for a hand plane. Given specifications and company practice, apply skills and knowledge of woodworking to ensure optimal quality. Works independently and is able to supervise and instruct Level 1 and Level 2. Has a high ability to make independent decisions.

Demonstrates ability to match existing angle by adjusting tool rest so contact point is in the middle of the bevel.

Angle reading is accurate to within 0.5º. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Demonstrates ability to blunt an edge at 90º and grind a new angle.

Demonstrates ability to install/change wheels. Demonstrates ability to grind curved tools.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Demonstrates ability to change a bevel or angle on an existing blade to the four common angles: 20º, 25º, 30º, and 35º. Angle reading is accurate to within 0.5º.

Woodwork Career Alliance Skill Standards

124

Considerations: Pre-Operation Checklist is a prerequisite for ANY operation. These standards are written as generic to spraying technique with a handheld spray gun. Specific variances may exist for Conventional, HVLP, Gravity, and Air-assisted Airless equipment. Spray gun, spraying environment and related accessories are optimal.

Spray material is properly thinned with consideration for temperature and humidity (Refer to Viscosity Cup standards). Safe practices are followed for applying finishes.

Lock-out/Tag-out procedure is in place and followed.

Required OSHA approved personal protective equipment is worn.

Section 012: Finishing

Spray Guns

Required OSHA engineering controls (example, spray booth) are in place and operating.

There are more sophisticated ways to apply finishing automatically, the skills required to prepare, use, and maintain a hand-operated spray gun are essential for most advanced woodworking operations. Hand systems allow for the widest range of materials and situations.

Spray Guns

012

125

Finishing

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard: Verifies proper viscosity, atomization and pattern balance with flood test on vertical paper panel.

Verifies operator has free movement through the spraying motions required and that hoses and pots are unobstructed.

Verifies that trigger is functional and nozzle tip and ports are clean. Verifies and rehearses the correct spraying motion and distance between gun and item being finished.

Level 2:

Performance standard: Adjusts fluid viscosity as required. Selects and installs appropriate air cap and fluid needle and nozzle. Adjusts air and fluid knobs to achieve optimal spray rate and fan pattern. Cleans equipment properly after use. Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard: Thins, mixes and filters finishing product. Replenishes fluid pot as required. Inspects all gauges and adjusts regulators and valves as needed. Tests and adjusts pot (fluid) pressure.

Tests and adjusts all gaskets, seals and fittings. Inspects all spray booth fans, lights and filters. Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Tests and adjusts line pressure.

Spray Guns

012

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Finishing

Spray Horizontal, Vertical and Complex Surfaces

Level 1:

Performance standard:

Given a properly prepared product, gun and spraying facility, apply a clear spray finish on a 36” x 24” (915 mm x 610 mm) finish sanded, close-grained, hardwood plywood panel which is laying flat on a suitable work surface with one seal coat and two top coats.

Wet film is uniform and of acceptable (specified) thickness.

Consistent sheen and surface reflective quality is achieved.

Nubs are removed after seal coat.

Gun is left in a clean condition.

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given a properly prepared product, gun and spraying facility, apply a clear spray finish to two 36” x 24” [915 mm x 610 mm] finish sanded, close-grained, hardwood plywood panels, (one of which is laying flat on a suitable work surface and another which is supported vertically), with one seal coat and two top coats.

Holds spray gun at correct distance 6” - 8” [150 mm - 200 mm] from work surface.

Cancels stroke at end of each pass.

Applies fluid to work surface with smooth, parallel, continuous strokes.

Meets Level 1 performance standard.

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Given a properly prepared product, gun and spraying facility, apply a clear spray finish to a furniture item which includes horizontal and vertical surfaces, interior and exterior surfaces and complex contoured or profiled shapes such as turnings, with one seal coat and two top coats.

Selects proper spraying sequence (banding) to maintain consistent wet film thickness on diverse types of intersecting surfaces.

Builds finish quickly on contoured parts with partial engagement of trigger (drying air only) between coats.

Plans spraying sequence to minimize fogging and overspray.

Meets Level 1 and Level 2 performance standards.

Surface is scuff sanded between coats. Surface is free from orange peel, pebbling, streaking, sagging or overspray defects.

Leaves gun in a clean condition.

Laps fan pattern 50% to achieve even surface coating.

Modifies overall pressure with air control (cheater valve) when spraying partially enclosed interior surfaces.

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Appendix

Completing The Final Project When the Skills Standards manual is completed, it will include more than 100 machines and tools as well as the woodworkers’ relationship to them through skill standards, evaluation and a recognition or credit process. The Woodwork Career Alliance (WCA) started with the most valuable, foundational 30 machines and tools. These are the 30 that all woodworkers — from the student, to the apprentice and the master — will always have to know to use them. Even as the industry advances to new and improved technologies, including robotics and other possibilities in the future, there will always be a human that needs to understand and know these 30 operations in order to advance the state of the art. That is the crux of this first release of the Pilot Project of 2009: to put these skill standards and evaluation into the hands of business owners, their employees, educators and those who help WCA spread the word about this program. There are more than 70 more machines and tools to be included in the final project and WCA is actively seeking woodworkers, product specialists, educators and others who are willing to assist the WCA and apply for a spot on the skills standards defining and writing teams to complete the operations listed on the following pages.

How It Works There are 15 general classifications for the work included in the manual. Each classification has from 5 to 25 tools and machines within it. At this time — for the Pilot Program Edition, published in the Summer of 2009 — the 15 classifications are:     

Layout Sawing Milling Shaping CNC (Computer Numerical Control)

         

Boring Sanding Clamping & Laminating Turning Joinery/Assembly Grinding & Sharpening Finishing Related Skills: To be developed in 2011 Technical Terms: To be developed in 2011 Appendix

All the writing and editing is done in an on-line collaborative work space called a Wiki. Much like the wellknown Wikipedia, the WCA Wiki is an open forum. Anyone may visit the space to see the work in progress. Interested subject matter specialists may join the space (there is no charge) and make contributions or edit the work of others. The current working sets of tools and machines are listed in a menu along the left edge of every page of the Wiki. At the very bottom of the menu is a gateway to the archive of ALL the work to date. Links in this gateway take the reader to a matrix of tools and machines inside each of the 15 general classifications. As with all things ‘internet’ changes are made from time to time. If you need access and can’t seem to get it, please feel free to contact any of the WCA Board members. Here are the links to the work as of this writing: The Wiki work pages: http://skillstandards.wikispaces.com The Alliance web site: http://woodworkcareer.org The following pages list the tools and machines in each classification for which Standards are currently being written or plan to be written by 2013.

016

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Appendix

Assessor Preparation Checklist: This checklist is intended to help the assessor prepare for and conduct an assessment for the Woodwork Career Alliance Skills Standards.

 Carefully read through the assessment you will be

conducting, and make sure you understand the criteria you will be measuring.

 Be sure you have the necessary stock prepared for the

candidate according to any specific directions listed.  When ready, greet the candidate and make sure they

 Print copies of the Skill Evaluation Record, Pre-opera-

tion checklist, and the specific operation(s) you will be measuring. It will be useful to have a clipboard to write on during the assessment.

are clear on which skill is being assessed.  The candidate should have had the opportunity to read

through the assessment prior to their testing and have the opportunity to ask for any clarification.

 Prior to the assessment, record any specific criteria to

be measured, such as finished product dimensions on the Skill Evaluation Record. Also record the candidate’s name and relevant information including the Operation and Skill Level being measured.  Gather the necessary tools to measure the outcome.

These may include calipers, a tape measure, square, etc. Make sure these are properly calibrated to ensure accurate analysis of the finished product.  If the operation requires the installation of tooling,

make sure the tooling to be selected is present. Level 2 typically requires that the candidate select and install the correct type of tooling, so it is advisable to have a variety of tooling types available so you can test their ability to select the correct tooling.

 The objective of the assessment is to test their knowl-

edge. They may ask you questions, but be very careful that you are not giving instruction during the assessment.  The observation typically passes quite rapidly. Be pre-

pared to observe and check off specific tasks as they occur. Analysis of the final product can wait until the end, and may or may not be done with the candidate present.

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016

Appendix

Woodwork Manufacturing Skill Standards Skill Evaluation Record Candidate Name: _ ____________________________________________________________________________ Date/Time:_ _________________________________________________________________________________ Evaluator Name:_ _____________________________________________________________________________ Location:____________________________________________________________________________________ Tool/Machine: ______________________________________ Operation: _Level:

n 1 n 2

n 3

Use this space to record any target outcomes not directly specified in the standard (i.e., desired thickness, width, and/or length) of the work piece for the operation. Record the actual results of the work piece you are evaluating, and indicate if the performance standard has been met.

Target Outcome

Actual Outcome

Meets Standard?

_________________________

________________________

n Yes

n No

_________________________

________________________

n Yes

n No

_________________________

________________________

n Yes

n No

Evaluator Notes:_______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Evaluatorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Signature

130

016

Appendix

Where We Need Your Help. The following is a total list, as formulated to date. Those skills appearing in red indicate which are in need of your expertise to develop the skill standards further. Those in black and marked with  have already been completed. Section 001:

Layout Center Square  Combination Square  Sliding T-Bevel Adjustable Protractor Flexible Curve  Tape Measure Steel Rule Compass Trammel Points Dividers  Arm Caliper Profile Gauge Scribe Gauge  Calipers, vernier, dial, digital Micrometer Plumb Bob Bar Level Line Level Chalk Line Water Level Drafting Scale Protractor Marking Gauge Try Square Framing Square

Back Saw Vertical Panel Saw Reciprocating Saw Hacksaw  Sliding Table Saw Circular Saw Crosscut Saw Radial Arm Saw Jig Saw Rip Saw Cut-off Saw Veneer Saw Straight-line Rip Saw Hand Miter Box Saw Gang Rip Saw Dovetail Saw Double-end Trim Saw Miter Trimmer Blade Scroll Saw Keyhole Saw Utility Knife X-acto Knife Compass Saw Fret Saw Miter Saw Section 003:

Milling Section 002:

Sawing  Table Saw  Power Miter Saw Coping Saw  Band Saw Saber Saw

 Jointer Power Plane Hand Plane  Planer Scraper Molder Router Plane

Two Face Planer Circular Plane Facer Section 004:

Shaping  Spindle Shaper  Hand Router Carving Tools CNC Machining Center Plunge Base Router Molding Planes Overhead Pin Router Laminate Trimmer Scraper Router Inverted Pin Router Mortising Router Draw Knife Tilting Spindle Shaper Spokeshave Automated Shaper Rasp File Double Spindle Shaper Jigs, Templates Multi-spindle Shaper Sliding Table Shaper Horizontal Spindle Shaper Multi-head Molder Single-end Tenoner Double-end Tenoner Vertical Panel Router

Section 005:

CNC (Computer Numeric Control)  Machining Center Point-to-Point Router Boring Beam Saw Section 006:

Boring  Single Spindle Drill Press Elect. Hand Drill Manual Hand Drill Line Boring Machine Hammer Drill Push Drill  Hinge Bore and Insert Cordless Drill-Driver Brace and Bit CNC Point-To-Point Right Angle Drill Awl Dowel Bore and Insert Hole Punch Single Spindle Horizontal Multi-spindle Horizontal Multi-spindle Drill Press  CNC Horizontal Boring Dowel Insertion Chain (square) Mortiser Hollow Chisel and Bit Mortiser

016 Section 007:

Sanding Abrasive Planer  Random Orbital Sander Sanding Block  Wide Belt Sander Disk Sander Pumice Stone  Edge Sander Belt Sander Sand Paper Oscillating Spindle Sander  Orbital Sander Stroke Sander Narrow Belt Sander Profile Sander Flat Sander Vertical Belt Sander Detail Sander Balloon Sander Drum Sander Fixed Disk Sander In-Line Sander Brush Sander Turning Sander Section 008:

Clamping & Laminating  Case Clamp Vise Clamp Hand Clamp Laminate Trim Router Bar Clamp Face Frame Clamp Laminate Spray Gun C-Clamp Vacuum Clamp Toggle Clamp Radio Frequency Clamp Right Angle Clamp Spring Clamp

 Cold Press Band Clamp Pinch Roller Pliers, various Post Former (laminate) Wrenches, various  Edgebander J-Roller  Hot Press File Glue Spreader ADHESIVES PVA Cyanoacrylate Aliphatic Resin Resorcinol Hot Melts (EVA, PUR, etc.) Mastic Epoxy Hide Glue Urea Formaldehyde Section 009:

Turning  Hand Lathe Parting Tool Rotary Head Lathe Skew Chisel Black Knife Lathe Round-Nose Scraper Pattern Lathe Radius Scraper Automatic Lathe Square-end Scraper Beading Tool Roughing Gouge Finishing Gouge

131

Appendix

Section 010:

Section 013:

Joinery & Assembly

Related Skills

 Screw Pocket Machine  Biscuit Joiner Hammer Pneumatic Nail Gun Screw Driver Screw Gun Nail Set Stapler

Shop Arithmetic English Computer Assisted Drafting Hearing Protection Species ID Shop Fractions Shop Drawings CAD CAM Vision Protection Wood Movement Imperial Measures Architectural Drawings Optimization Lifting/Back Procedures Metric Measures Mechanical Drawings Estimating Software Material Management Imperial/Metric Conversion Electrical Drawings Spreadsheet Communication Shop Trigonometry Plumbing Drawings Word Processing Scheduling Shop Geometry Civil Planning Drawings Data Control Customer Relations Estimating Take Off Internet and Reference Contract Administration Estimating Pricing

Section 011:

Grinding & Sharpening  Bench Grinder Sharpening Stone Abrasive Cutoff Wheel File  Profile Grinder Abrasive Stick Dresser  Slow Speed Water Wheel Mechanical Dresser Diamond Dresser Section 012:

Finishing Fan Exhaust Booth  Spray Guns  Viscosity Cup Water Wash Booth Rubbing Tool Putty Knife Buffing Tool Touch up

Section 014:

Technical Terms A glossary of terms related to construction, woodworking, installation, furniture and fixtures.

Yes! I can help.

To join the professionals in working with the Woodwork Career Alliance and share your expertise in the woodworking filed by participating in writing teams to complete the missing operations listed, please complete the form below. n I want to participate in the Pilot Program for 2009 on these 30 machine skill standards. Please contact me. n I want to make a tax deductable contribution to the matching funds. Enclosed $__________. n I want WCA to invite me, as a subject matter expert, to work on skill standards for the other areas, yet to be done and published. n I want to do both—participate in what you have

now and help you produce the remaining skills standards. n My company wants to be a player in this national work skills and workforce program. Please contact me. n I want WCA to keep me informed of the progress and results of this amazing program as it rolls out in 2009 and 2010. (Absolutely, include your email address in the contact information so we can honor this request.)

Name:____________________________________________________________________________________________ Company:_ ________________________________________________________________________________________ Title: _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Contact Information: Phone_____________________________________ Email___________________________________ Woodwork Career Alliance P.O. Box 291, Nellysford, VA 22958-0291 gheuer212@me.com

http://skillstandards.wikispaces.com

Viscosity Cup

012

133

Finishing

Pre-Operation

Checklist Level 1:

Performance standard:

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Level 3:

Performance standard:

Viscosity Cup

134

012

Finishing

Test And Adjust Viscosity Of Coatings

Level 1:

N/A

Level 2:

Performance standard:

Given a solvent or waterborne coating, measure the viscosity and adjust for best performance, taking into account temperature and humidity.

Selects appropriate reducer for thinning a given product.

Thins material for proper use.

Determines proper viscosity for a given product.

Demonstrates proper handling and cleanup of equipment.

Measures flow rate using a viscosity cup and stop watch or clock with second timer.

Rechecks material for proper spray viscosity.

Utilizes a conversion chart if necessary for viscosity cups not listed by material manufacturer.

Level 3:

N/A