Pragmatic Steps for Global Security
“Democracies cannot thrive on formal institutional mechanisms alone; think tanks improve the quality of democratic practice and the content of effective policies.�
Ellen Laipson President
Pragmatic Steps for Global Security
The Stimson Center is a trusted source of independent, expert knowledge. A community of analysts devoted to offering pragmatic solutions to today’s most pressing security challenges, Stimson offers in-depth analysis, fair-minded criticism, and fresh perspectives focused on results for the policymaking community— executive and legislative branches, foreign governments and organizations—as well as the media and concerned citizens. Founded as a not-for-profit institution in 1989, Stimson draws inspiration from the life of Henry L. Stimson, whose service included cabinet appointments for five US presidents. He believed strongly in “pragmatic idealism,” the notion that progress toward peace is only possible through practical steps and strong US engagement in the world.
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Research and Analysis Convening Diverse Stakeholders Work with Policymakers Collaboration with a Global Network
Impact
Global Priorities Transnational Threats Regional Security Effective Institutions Stimson conducts in-depth research and analysis to provide policy alternatives and overcome obstacles to a more peaceful and secure world. The organization’s pragmatic approach seeks to understand and illuminate complex issues, develop new knowledge, and engage policymakers, policy implementers, and non-governmental institutions to craft recommendations that are cross-partisan, actionable, and effective.
Transnational Threats Nuclear Weapons / Terrorism / Weaponization of Space / Energy / Climate Change Biological Weapons / Nonproliferation / Globalization / Resource Scarcity / Pandemic Disease
Reducing the global risks created by weapons of mass destruction and proliferation continues to be a major focus of Stimson analysis and policy impact. In addition, in response to the changing threat environment, Stimson has expanded its research agenda to encompass emerging transnational challenges sparked by accelerating globalization, technological advances, and environmental stress. Finding workable solutions to these complex, often inter-related challenges requires ingenuity, new insights, and cooperative action.
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Regional Security Asia / Confidence-Building Measures / Africa / Political Economy / Japan Middle East / The Mekong Delta / Track II / China / Pakistan / Korea / Alliances Taiwan / Security Sector Reform / India
Stimson’s regional security programs build on a global network of thought leaders, provide comprehensive analysis, and advance pragmatic policies in the US and abroad. Stimson’s regional work stretches from the Pacific across the Indian Ocean and on to the Middle East and Africa. Our deep understanding of culture, geography, and political history coupled with extensive personal and institutional networks enable Stimson’s regional specialists to illuminate critical issues, influence debate, and shape policy options within regional institutions and across national capitals.
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Effective Institutions Resilience / Pentagon / Global Public Health / State Department / African Union Lessons Learned / Roles and Missions / Budget Resources / Domestic Preparedness Best Practices / United Nations / Capacity Building / US Congress / Governance
Effective response to global challenges requires capable institutions. Whether the goal is protecting civilians from mass atrocities, preventing the spread of disease, strengthening domestic preparedness, or establishing rule of law in post-conflict states, Stimson analysis helps governments, regional and international organizations, and the private sector prepare and respond to complex problems. Grounded in field research, data, and case studies, Stimson recommendations on organizational reform, best practices, and lessons learned have exceptional credibility with policy implementers.
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Our Global Community of
Thinkers & Doers The Stimson Global Network includes think tanks, individuals, NGOs, and people in positions of power or with power to persuade. Stimson convenes official and unofficial gatherings in the US and in cities around the world, fosters dialogue across borders and disciplines, engages in collaborative research, and continues to look for emerging policy thinkers. Our Visiting Fellows Program brings journalists, military officers, researchers, and academics to live and work in residence at Stimson, typically for two to three months. With alumni from much of Asia, Russia and the Middle East, fellows have done exceptional research and have gone on to establish new research organizations in their home countries. At home in Washington DC, Stimson hosts partner organizations within our office space that share our mission and values, makes our conference facilities available to the think tank community, and sponsors programs to develop future leaders.
Diverse perspectives, crosscultural insights, spirited debate and rigorous thinking—all are needed to chart pragmatic solutions to complex global security challenges. Stimson is a dynamic community of analysts working with partner institutions and thought leaders from around the world who share our dedication to strengthening peace and security.
Stimson internships provide rigorous, substantive opportunities for students seeking to gain practical experience in a think tank environment. Stimson is committed to training the next generation of security analysts from diverse communities and perspectives.
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Board of Directors Lincoln Bloomfield Jr. 05–Present
Arnold Kanter 94–05
Jeffrey Smith 90–Present
Chairman
Farooq Kathwari 03–Present
Leonard Spector 89–97
Thomas Pickering 01–Present
Roger Leeds 90–05
Howard Stoertz 91–97
Vice Chairman
Frank Loy 90–98, 02–05
Richard Thornburgh 94–97
Les Aspin 94–95
Leo Mackay 98–2001
Larry Welch 97–Present
Zoë Baird 90–91
Norman Neureiter 05–Present
Carroll Wetzel 00–Present
Linda Banton 01–Present
Philip Odeen 01–Present
John Wickham 92–98
Barry Blechman 89–Present
Condoleezza Rice 91–01
Susan Williams 90–02
Chairman, 1989–2007
Anne Richard 06–Present
Willard Wirtz 91–93
Barbara Davis Blum 01–Present
Rozanne Ridgway 97–00
Charles Bailey, II Emeritus, 91–04
Avis Bohlen 04–Present
Enid Schoettle 92–Present
Michael Krepon Emeritus, 89–07
Robert Boorstin 07–Present K. David Boyer 01–02 Richard Clarke 97–Present Elmer Cooper 91–95 Alton Frye 90–Present William Harrop 01–Present
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“The Stimson Center is imbued with pragmatic and non-partisan spirit—a spirit that continues to define the Center under the able leadership of Ambassador Linc Bloomfield and Ellen Laipson.” Condoleezza Rice Secretary of State
Innovative Thinkers The Stimson community shares a commitment to identifying pragmatic solutions. Through mutual respect and teamwork, Stimson encourages collaboration and the discovery of new knowledge. We seek diversity, take care to steward our funds, talents, and time, and are rigorously nonpartisan.
Ellen Laipson President & Chief Executive Officer Ellen Laipson became the President of the Stimson Center in April 2002. In addition to her management and outreach responsibilities, she directs Stimson’s work on Southwest Asia, which focuses on security issues including security sector reform and regional security arrangements. She is also a contributing author to Stimson’s projects on Regional Voices and Homeland Security. Laipson came to Stimson after 25 years of government service. She was Vice Chair of the National Intelligence Council (NIC) (1997-2002), where she co-managed the interdisciplinary study Global Trends 2015 and directed the NIC’s outreach to think tanks and research organizations on a wide range of national security topics. Her last assignment prior to serving as the Vice Chair was Special Assistant to the US Permanent Representative to the United Nations (1995-97).
Her earlier government career focused on analysis and policymaking on Middle East and South Asian issues. She was the Director for Near East and South Asian Affairs for the National Security Council (1993-95), National Intelligence Officer for Near and South Asia (1990-93), a member of the State Department’s policy planning staff (1986-87), and a specialist in Middle East Affairs for the Congressional Research Service. Laipson is a frequent speaker on Middle East issues and on US foreign policy and global trends. She is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, the International Institute of Strategic Studies, the Middle East Institute, and the Middle East Studies Association. In 2003, she joined the boards of the Asia Foundation and the Education and Employment Foundation. Laipson has an MA from the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University and an AB from Cornell University.
Selected Publications • America and the Emerging Iraqi Reality: New Goals, No Illusions (The Century Foundation, 2008) • Prospects for Middle East Security-Sector Reform (Survival, 2007) • Iraq and America: Choices and Consequences (coeditor, Stimson, July 2006) • Iraqi Kurds and Iraq’s Future (Middle East Policy, 2006) • Improving the Interagency Process to Face 21st Century Security Challenges (2005) • Security Sector Reform: the Final Frontier? (Arab Reform Bulletin, 2005) • Relating to the Muslim World: Maybe Less is More (A Practical Guide to Winning the War on Terrorism, Hoover Institution Press, 2004)
elaipson@stimson.org / 202.478.3415 Expertise Middle East & South Asia US Foreign Policy / Global Trends / Intelligence
Cheryl Ramp Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Officer Cheryl Ramp joined Stimson in 1999 to expand the institution’s capacity, stability, and impact. She oversees day-to-day management, including development, communications, finance, and human resources. Drawing on her experience in program management and strategic outreach, she works to build a cohesive team culture and increase institutional effectiveness. Ramp has also conducted research on the impact of think tanks on public policy, and conducted training programs to build the capacity of civil society leaders in the US and abroad. Prior to joining Stimson, Ramp was Vice President for Public Affairs, Development, and Planning at Youth for Understanding (YFU) International Exchange. During her eleven year tenure with YFU, Ramp was responsible for fund development with corporate, foundation, government, and individual donors; marketing; corporate communications; program design and management; and strategic planning. Ramp’s earlier professional experience includes working as an account executive with The Kamber Group, and Hartnett & Associates, both Washington-based public relations/issues management firms. Ramp holds a BA in Philosophy from Beloit College.
cramp@stimson.org / 202.478.3437 Expertise Strategic Planning / Fundraising Organizational Development / Program Design, Management, & Evaluation
Selected Publications • Public Policy Centers in Iraq: A Capacity Building Workshop (2006)
Gordon Adams Distinguished Fellow Dr. Gordon Adams is a Distinguished Fellow at the Stimson Center and a professor in the US Foreign Policy field at American University. Adams was most recently a Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. For the previous seven years, he was a Professor at the Elliott School of International Affairs, George Washington University and Director of the Elliott School’s Security Policy Studies Program. He was previously Deputy Director of the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, and served for five years as the Associate Director for National Security and International Affairs at the Office of Management and Budget as the
senior White House budget official for national security. He has been an International Affairs Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations and received the Department of Defense Medal for Distinguished Public Service. Adams has published books, monographs, and articles on defense and national security policy, the defense policy process, and on national security budgets. He has testified numerous times before Congress on defense spending and national security issues, writes columns for major media outlets, including a monthly column for the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, and is widely quoted by national media on national security policy and budgets.
Selected Publications • Strengthening Statecraft and Security: Reforming U.S. Planning and Resource Allocation (MIT Security Studies Program, 2008) – with Cindy Williams • Establishing the Next President’s National Security Agenda: Part 1 (Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, 2008) • Getting U.S. Foreign Assistance Right (Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, 2008) • Don’t Reinvent the Foreign Assistance Wheel (Foreign Service Journal, 2008) • The True Cost of U.S. Defense Spending (Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, 2008) • Iraq: Lessons Learned (American Security Project, 2008) • New Funds for Foreign Aid (Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, 2008) • The Politics of National Security Budgets (The Stanley Foundation, 2007) • Transforming European Militaries: Coalition Operations and the Technology Gap (Routledge, 2006) – with Guy Ben-Ari • Fear vs. Hope: America and Global Security (Foreign Service Journal, 2005)
gadams@stimson.org / 202.464.2673 Expertise International Affairs Planning & Budgeting / Defense Policy Planning & Budgeting / Intelligence Budgets National Security Policy Process Trans-Atlantic Security Relations
Barry Blechman Co-founder/Distinguished Fellow Dr. Barry M. Blechman is co-founder of the Stimson Center and a Stimson Distinguished Fellow focused on nuclear disarmament. He was also the founder and president of DFI International Inc., a research and consulting company in Washington, DC, until its sale in 2007. Blechman has more than forty years of distinguished service in the national security field. An expert on political/military policies, military strategy, and defense budgets and industries, he has worked in the Departments of State and Defense and at the Office of Management and Budget, and is a frequent consultant to the US Government on a wide range of subjects. Among other boards and commissions, Blechman served on the Commission to Assess the Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States (1998-99), the Defense Policy Board (2002-06), and the Mayor’s Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Program Advisory Committee in the District of Columbia (2004-06). He is currently a member of the Department of State Advisory Committee on Transformational Diplomacy. A Georgetown PhD in international relations, Blechman has written extensively on national security issues and has taught at several universities.
bblechman@stimson.org / 202.478.3416 Expertise Political/Military Issues / Arms Control & Nonproliferation / US Budgets for National Security Agencies / Weapons Acquisition Issues / Defense Industry
Selected Publications • Phase out the bomb (Foreign Policy, 1994) – with Cathleen Fischer • The American Military in the Twenty-first Century (Stimson, 1993) – with William Durch, David Graham, Pamela Reed, and Steven Wolfe • The Politics of National Security: Congress and U. S. Defense Policy (Oxford University Press, 1990) – with W. Philip Ellis • What in the Name of God is Strategic Superiority? (Political Science Quarterly, 1982) – with Robert Powell • Force Without War (Brookings Institute, 1978) – with Stephen S. Kaplan
Alix Boucher Research Analyst Alix Boucher is a Research Analyst with the Future of Peace Operations program at the Stimson Center. Since joining Stimson in 2006, she has tracked UN and regional peace operations. Her research focuses on strengthening the rule of law in post-conflict societies, with an emphasis on combating spoiler networks, improving the UN’s ability to monitor these networks, security sector reform, and combating corruption in post-conflict states. She recently led a project on the role of newly recognized actors in humanitarian assistance.
She has spoken at the National Defense University, the Naval Post-Graduate School, and Oxford University. Before joining Stimson, Boucher taught French at the State Department’s Foreign Service Institute and researched stability and reconstruction operations for the National Defense University. She holds a BA in International Relations from Mount Holyoke College and an MA in International Relations and International Economics from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS).
Selected Publications • Framing the Issue: UN Responses to Corruption and Criminal Networks in Post-Conflict Settings (International Peacekeeping, forthcoming) – with Victoria Holt • Targeting Spoilers: The role of UN Panels of Experts (Stimson, forthcoming) – with Victoria Holt • Mapping and Fighting Corruption in War-Torn States (Stimson, 2007) – with William J. Durch, Margaret Midyette, Sarah Rose and Jason Terry • US Training, African Peacekeeping: The Global Peace Operations Initiative (GPOI) (Issue Brief, 2007) – with Victoria K. Holt • African Perspectives on African Security Challenges and Modern Peace Operations (Issue Brief, 2007) – with Victoria K. Holt
aboucher@stimson.org / 202.478.3410 Expertise Peacekeeping / Post-Conflict Rule of Law / Stabilization & Reconstruction Regional Organizations / Peace Operations
Richard Cronin Senior Associate Dr. Richard P. Cronin heads the Southeast Asia program at the Stimson Center. Currently, he is working on China’s relations with the Mekong Basin countries, US-ASEAN relations, and issues concerning Japan and Southeast Asia. Cronin joined Stimson in 2006 after a long career with the Congressional Research Service (CRS), a non-partisan research and information arm of the US Congress. As a senior Asian affairs specialist in the Foreign Affairs, Defense and Trade Division of CRS, his responsibilities included both research and research management, and spanned the entire range of US policy issues regarding South, Southeast, and Northeast Asia. Cronin has taught comparative political economy of
rcronin@stimson.org / 202.478.3436 Expertise Southeast Asia / Asian Political Economy / Mekong Basin Water Issues Globalization & Nontraditional Security Issues / East Asia Security
Asia at Washington area universities and Chuo University in Japan, and lectured extensively on Asian political and security issues at the National Defense University, the Foreign Service Institute, and in more than a dozen Asia-Pacific countries. He received his PhD from Syracuse University and his MA and BSc from the University of Houston. The Southeast Asia program addresses and promotes practical responses to issues of development, the environment, human security, and challenges to peace and stability in the ten countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) arising from globalization and changing power relationships, including China’s growing regional role and influence.
Selected Publications • The Second Bush Administration and Southeast Asia, Emerging Geopolitical Situations in the Asia-Pacific Region (Tokyo: Chuo University Press, 2008) • Aid Pries Myanmar’s Closed Door (Asia Times Online, 2008) • Destructive Mekong Dams: Critical Need for Transparency (RSIS Commentaries, 2007) • Thai-US Economic Partnership: Opportunities and Limitations, Thai-US Relations: Forging a New Partnership in the 21st Century (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Thailand, 2007) • A New US-ASEAN Trade Tack (The Wall Street Journal Asia/WSJ Online, 2006) • The North Korean Nuclear Threat and the U.S.-Japan Security Alliance (Fletcher Forum, 2005) • Growth and Governance in Asia: Significance for Regional Growth and Stability (Honolulu: Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies, 2004)
William J. Durch Senior Associate Prior to joining Stimson in 1990, Dr. Durch served as a Foreign Affairs Officer with the US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, as a Research Fellow at the Harvard Center for Science and International Affairs, and as Assistant Director of the Defense and Arms Control Studies program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Since joining Stimson, he has been seconded as a Scientific Advisor to the US Defense Threat Reduction Agency and served as Project Director for the Panel on United Nations Peace Operations (the Brahimi Report). Durch also serves as a consultant to the
multinational Challenges of Peace Operations project and directly for the United Nations on projects focused on improving the effectiveness of peacekeeping at headquarters and in the field. He has lectured extensively on peacekeeping at US colleges and universities and has taught at the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, at the School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, and the Elliott School of International Affairs at The George Washington University. He holds a PhD from MIT, MA from George Washington, and BSFS from Georgetown.
Selected Publications • Enhancing United Nations Capacity to Support Post-Conflict Policing and Rule of Law, Report No. 63 (Stimson, 2007), co-authored with Joshua G. Smith and Victoria K. Holt. • Post-Conflict Borders and UN Peace Operations, Report No. 62 (Stimson, 2007), Part 2: A Phased Approach to Post-Conflict Border Security, with Katherine N. Andrews and Brandon L. Hunt. • Twenty-First-Century Peace Operations (United States Institute of Peace, 2006), editor/author. • Who Should Keep the Peace? Providing Security for Twenty-First Century Peace Operations (Stimson, 2006), with Tobias C. Berkman. • Review of the Report of the UN High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges, and Change (SAIS Review, 2005) • The Brahimi Report and the Future of UN Peace Operations (Stimson, 2003), with Victoria K. Holt, Caroline Earle, and Moira Shanahan.
wdurch@stimson.org / 202.478.3435 Expertise UN & other Multinational Peace Operations / Post-Conflict Rule of Law Technology & Foreign Policy
Emile El-Hokayem Research Fellow Emile El-Hokayem is a non-resident Research Fellow with the Stimson Center’s Southwest Asia/Gulf program and the Politics Editor of the Abu Dhabi-based newspaper The National. His research interests include the security, politics, and economics of the Persian Gulf and Arabian Peninsula. He is also an analyst of Lebanese and Syrian politics and security. El-Hokayem earned his Master of Science in Foreign Service from Georgetown University, where he focused on international security, US foreign policy and the Middle East. He also
ehokayem@stimson.org / 202.223.5956 Expertise Persian Gulf Security & Politics Iraqi Politics & Reconstruction / Politics & Security of Syria & Lebanon / US Policy in the Middle East
served as Editor-in-Chief of the Georgetown Journal of International Affairs, the school’s academic publication. He has worked as an independent consultant on Middle East issues, including human rights, refugee affairs and political reform. His Washington experience includes research work on Middle East issues at the International Crisis Group and the Middle East Institute. El-Hokayem holds degrees in economics and finance from the University of Paris-Dauphine. He is fluent in French and Arabic.
Selected Publications • Transformation or Transition: The Pace and Nature of Change in the Arab Gulf (Stimson, 2008) • Towards a More Secure and Stable Lebanon: Prospects for Security Sector Reform (Stimson, 2008) • Le Golfe fragilise par le nucleaire iranien (Le Monde, 2007) • Syria and Hizballah: Outgrowing the Proxy Relationship (The Washington Quarterly, 2007) • The Arab Gulf States in the Shadow of the Iranian Nuclear Challenge (Stimson, 2006)
Brian Finlay Senior Associate Prior to joining the Stimson Center in January 2005, Brian Finlay served as Director of the Nuclear Threat Reduction Campaign, as Program Officer at The Century Foundation, and as Senior Researcher at the Brookings Institution. Before emigrating from Canada, he was Project Manager for the Laboratory Center for Disease Control in Ottawa, and served as a consultant at the Department of Foreign Affairs. He holds a MA from Norman Patterson School of International Affairs at Carleton University, a Graduate Diploma from the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, and an Honors BA from the University of Western Ontario. The Cooperative Nonproliferation Program partners with the public and private sectors to bridge the gap between the threat of proliferation and global development, capacity-building, and public health.
Selected Publications • Manufacturing Possibility: Expanding Resources to Meet Global Challenges, Promote Economic Development, Support Innovation, and Prevent Proliferation (Stimson, 2008) • Old Plagues, New Threats: The Biotech Revolution and its Impact on National Security (Stimson, 2008) • Cooperative Nonproliferation: Getting Further, Faster (Stimson, 2007) • Venture Capitalist.gov: Courting the Ultimate Angel Investor (American Venture Magazine, 2006) • The Race to Secure Russia’s Loose Nukes: Progress Since 9/11 (Stimson/Center for American Progress, 2005) • Ultimate Security: Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction (The Century Foundation Press, 2003) – co-editor • The Proliferation of Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Weapons (A Grave New World: Security Challenges in the 21st Century, 2003)
bfinlay@stimson.org / 202.478.3444 Expertise Proliferation / Security & Development Illicit Trade Networks / Terrorism
Julie Fischer Senior Associate Dr. Julie E. Fischer leads Stimson’s Global Health Security project. Dr. Fischer is a former Council on Foreign Relations International Affairs Fellow and American Association for the Advancement of Science Congressional Fellow. As professional staff with the Senate Committee on Veterans’ Affairs, she worked on issues related to medical emergency preparedness and the consequences of biological, chemical and radiological exposures during military service. She served as a senior research fellow at the University of Washington/Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, and an independent consultant to a Thai-US collaboration aimed at strengthening
jfischer@stimson.org / 202.478.3419 Expertise Medical Emergency Preparedness Biological & Chemical Weapons / Biosecurity Global Disease Threats
Thai capacity to identify and control emerging infections of regional and global significance. Dr. Fischer received a BA from Hollins University and a PhD in microbiology and immunology from Vanderbilt University. The Global Health Security Program focuses on evidence-based decision making at the nexus of science and public policy. Projects explore the growing demands on the world’s public health infrastructure, the emerging role of health concerns in defense and diplomacy, and new frameworks for managing biological risks at home and abroad.
Selected Publications • Stewardship or Censorship: Balancing Biosecurity, the Public’s Health, and the Benefits of Scientific Openness (Stimson, 2006) • Speaking Data to Power: Science, Technology, and Health Expertise in the National Biological Security Policy Process (Stimson, 2004) • Inching Away from Armageddon: Destroying the US Chemical Weapons Stockpile (Stimson, 2004)
Victoria K. Holt Senior Associate Victoria K. Holt co-directs the Future of Peace Operations program, which addresses US policy and international capacity for advancing security and stability in war-torn societies. Her recent research includes studies on the protection of civilians by military forces, African peacekeeping capacity, rule of law aspects of peace operations, and US policies. She also led the expert group on military options of the Genocide Prevention Task Force, co-chaired by Madeleine Albright and William Cohen, to offer recommendations to the next President to enhance the US ability to respond to emerging threats of genocide and mass atrocities. Holt joined Stimson in 2001, bringing policy and political expertise from professional experience within the State Department,
Congress, and the NGO field. She served as Senior Policy Advisor at the State Department (Legislative Affairs) in the Clinton Administration, focusing on peacekeeping and UN issues. Holt also worked as a senior Congressional staffer for seven years, primarily on defense and foreign policy issues for members of the House Armed Services Committee. She directed the bipartisan Emergency Coalition for US Financial Support of the United Nations, a coalition of leading statesmen and nongovernmental organizations, and worked for other Washington-based policy institutes on international affairs. A graduate of the Naval War College, Holt also holds a BA (with honors) from Wesleyan University.
Selected Publications • The Origins and Evolution of US Policy Towards Peace Operations (International Peacekeeping, 2008) • Enhancing United Nations Capacity to Support Post-Conflict Policing and Rule of Law (Stimson, 2007) • The Impossible Mandate? Military Preparedness, the Responsibility to Protect, and Modern Peace Operations (Stimson, 2006) • The Military and Civilian Protection: Developing Roles and Capacities (Overseas Development Institute, 2006) • On Trial: The US Military and the International Criminal Court (Stimson, 2006) • African Organizations and Institutions: Positive Cross-Continental Progress, (Testimony, Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 2005) • African Capacity-Building for Peace Operations: UN Collaboration with the African Union and ECOWAS (Stimson, 2005) • The Brahimi Report and the Future of UN Peace Operations (Stimson, 2003)
vholt@stimson.org / 202.478.3431 Expertise Peace & Stability Operations UN & International Organizations Humanitarian & Military Issues / Politics & Legislative Affairs / US Foreign Policy
Michael Krepon Co-founder/Distinguished Fellow Michael Krepon is co-founder of the Stimson Center and the author or editor of thirteen books and over 350 articles. Prior to co-founding the Stimson Center, Krepon worked at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency during the Carter administration, and in the US House of Representatives, assisting Congressman Norm Dicks. He received a MA from the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University and a BA from Franklin & Marshall College. He also studied Arabic at the American University in Cairo, Egypt. Krepon divides his time between Stimson’s South Asia and Space Security projects. The South Asia project concentrates on escalation control, nuclear risk reduction, confidence-building, and peace-making between India and Pakistan. This project entails field work, publications, and Washington-based programming, including a visiting fellowship program. The Space Security project seeks to promote a Code of Conduct for responsible space-faring nations and works toward stronger international norms for the peaceful uses of outer space.
mkrepon@stimson.org / 202.478.3433 Expertise South Asia / Nuclear Risk Reduction Space Security / Nonproliferation
Selected Publications • Better Safe than Sorry: The Ironies of Living with the Bomb (Stanford University Press, 2009) • Escalation Control and the Nuclear Option in South Asia (Stimson, 2004) • Nuclear Risk Reduction in South Asia (Palgrave, 2004) • Cooperative Threat Reduction, Missile Defense and the Nuclear Future (Palgrave, 2003) • Space Assurance or Space Dominance: The Case Against Weaponizing Space (Stimson, 2003)
Nancy Langer Director of External Relations Nancy A. F. Langer has worked on four continents to advance humanitarian relief and human rights. As the Stimson Center’s Director of External Relations she is leading the effort to increase the organization’s brand profile, make its products better known to policymakers, and secure financial support for the mission. Langer has been interviewed in the International Herald Tribune, the New York Times and the Los Angeles Times. Her work on getting people with AIDS access to insurance was profiled in U.S. News and World Report. Her essays on rights and security issues have appeared in such disparate outlets as USA Today, Playboy, Ms. Magazine, the Chronicle of Philanthropy, and the Baltimore Sun. Langer’s recent article, “Aid Workers Deserve the Best Security,” focused on needed
security training and security purchases when humanitarians enter conflict zones. As Director of Development for USA for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees from 2002–2007, Langer launched the AID DARFUR campaign, involving Meryl Streep, Tony Bennett, and bestselling author Khaled Hosseini. In the 1990s, Langer focused on women’s health and rights projects with the United States Agency for International Development in Romania and Egypt and with the United Nations Population Fund in the Philippines and Outer Mongolia. In the 1980s, Langer served on the senior staff of Planned Parenthood of New York City and was Associate Director of Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund during the early, pivotal years of the AIDS crisis.
Selected Publications • Global Food Fight (Baltimore Sun, 2008) • Facing the Truth about What is Tearing Chad Apart (Baltimore Sun, 2008) • Aid Workers Deserve the Best Security (Chronicle of Philanthropy, 2007) • Have Donors Learned the Real Lessons of the Tsunamis? (Chronicle of Philanthropy, 2005) – with David Hamburg
nlanger@stimson.org / 202.478.3413 Expertise Strategic Communication / Fund Development / Refugees / Humanitarian Assistance
Eric Lief Senior Associate Eric Lief joined the Stimson Center in March, 2008, following two years as a Senior Associate with the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). He had previously served in a variety of US Government and UN capacities, most recently (2003-2005) as a Senior Planning Officer in the State Department’s Office of Strategic Planning, and immediately prior to this (2001-2003), as a Senior Advisor with UN Joint Program on HIV/AIDS in Geneva. A specialist in public and international assistance financing, he had earlier (1999-2001) served on the State Department’s Policy Planning Staff.
elief@stimson.org / 202.223.5956 Expertise Public & Development Finance International Assistance Policies & Programs Congressional Budget Politics & Process Foreign Affairs Organization & Interagency Operations
From 1989 to 1995, Mr. Lief served in a variety of US Congressional staff capacities, lastly with the House Foreign Affairs Committee staff. As a Foreign Service Officer, Mr. Lief served abroad in Southeast Asia and South America, and in Washington, DC. Prior to his entry into US diplomatic service, he served as a Scientific Attaché with the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). Mr. Lief is a graduate of the University of Miami (BA), and Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government (MPA).
Selected Publications • Financing the response to AIDS in low-income and middle income countries (UNAIDS/KFF, 2008) • European Philanthropy and HIV/AIDS (European HIV/AIDS Funders Group, 2008) • Global health funding: a glass half full? (The Lancet, 2006)
Geneve Mantri Congressional Fellow Geneve Mantri is a Stimson Center Fellow responsible for the Senate-side operations of Stimson’s Security for a New Century project. Mantri was formerly Report Writer/ Editor at Stimson and the Africa Center for Strategic Studies, National Defense University. Before joining Stimson, he was a Research Associate at the Africa Center. His previous experience includes serving as a Regional Program Coordinator and Communications Officer with UNDP in Eastern Europe, and as a Consultant to the UNDP Human Development Report and UNICEF in New York. He has worked as a staff member with the Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict in Washington, DC and as a news producer with Independent Television News in London. He is also a member of the International Institute
for Strategic Studies. Mantri is a graduate of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, and Warwick University in the United Kingdom. Security for a New Century (SNC) fosters Stimson’s goal of education and expanded dialogue on security issues. This bipartisan study group serves to educate Congressional staff about the complex security challenges now facing US policymakers. The sessions approach international security issues with broad definition, highlighting innovative programs, interagency operations, and the collaborative efforts of nontraditional actors. Through its Local Worldviews Initiatives, SNC hosts public meetings throughout the US where participants are encouraged to examine local issues through a framework of global interdependence.
gmantri@stimson.org / 202.478.3424 Expertise US Congressional Affairs National Security Policy / Security & Development
David Michel Research Fellow David Michel joined the Stimson Center in 2008 as a Research Fellow in the Regional Voices: Transnational Challenges Project. He previously served as Senior Associate with the Center for Transatlantic Relations at The Johns Hopkins University’s Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies where he specialized in international climate policy. Educated at Yale University, the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris, and the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies in Washington, DC, David has written widely on the challenges presented by global
dmichel@stimson.org / 202.478.3426 Expertise International Climate Policy Global Environmental Politics / Multilateral Negotiations / Multi-Party Decision-Making
environmental change and has consulted with several NGOs participating in the climate regime negotiating process. The Regional Voices: Transnational Challenges Project seeks to gain insight and understanding about how the peoples of the Middle East, South Asia, and Southeast Asia perceive emerging non-traditional security issues; what responses have been developed or proposed; and where governments and elites in these regions situate these challenges relative to traditional security concerns.
Selected Publications • Foxes, Hedgehogs, and Greenhouse Governance: Knowledge, Uncertainty, and International Policymaking in a Warming World (Applied Energy, forthcoming) • What Good is Protecting the World’s Climate System? Global Public Goods and International Public Policymaking (British International Studies Association 32nd Annual Conference, 2007) • EU Enlargement and the Global Environment, in The Strategic Implications of EU Enlargement (Center for Transatlantic Relations, 2005) • Climate Policy for the 21st Century: Meeting the Long-Term Challenge of Global Warming, editor (Center for Transatlantic Relations, 2004) • Kyoto, Global Warming, and Multilateral Regimes, in New Security Challenges and EU Responses (Latvian Institute for International Affairs, 2004) • Climate Change, The Rights of Future Generations, and Intergenerational Equity, in Climate Change and Its Linkages with Development, Equity, and Sustainability (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change/World Meteorological Organization, 2000) – with I. Mintzer
Judith Oliver Congressional Fellow Judy Oliver is the Congressional Fellow responsible for the Houseside operations of the Stimson Center’s Security for a New Century (SNC) project. Oliver was formerly an Associate Program Officer at Meridian International Center, where she arranged professional exchange programs for international visitors sponsored by the US Department of State, Library of Congress, and other government and private organizations. Her previous experience includes serving as a Program Coordinator for the Sharm el-Sheikh Fact-Finding Committee, a distinguished international committee chaired by former Senator George Mitchell that examined the outbreak of violence in Israel and the Palestinian Territories in 2000-2001. She studied Peace and Conflict Studies at the University of Ulster in Northern Ireland, and later served as a Peace Corps volunteer in Mary, Turkmenistan. She holds a BS in Criminal Justice from the University of Scranton in Pennsylvania, and a MA in International Politics and Security Studies from the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom.
joliver@stimson.org / 202.478.3409 Expertise Congressional Relations
Amit Pandya Senior Associate Amit Pandya directs Stimson’s Regional Voices: Transnational Challenges project, which seeks to develop a more detailed knowledge of thinking about global and transnational challenges among elites and technical experts in the Middle East, North and East Africa, and South and Southeast Asia. These challenges include climate change, other environmental change, changing water endowments, river systems, international and subnational competition for natural resources, maritime resources and security, public health and pandemics, transnational crime and violence, and the role of emerging ideologies in addressing governance questions. The purpose is to understand how these challenges relate to the evolving security threats and security architecture of the 21st century. Immediately before coming to Stimson, Pandya worked in the private sector, practicing
apandya@stimson.org / 202.478.3407 Expertise South Asia / Public Administration International Law / Islam & Politics / Public Diplomacy / Migration & Refugees
law and as a management consultant on public administration, institutional development, and development assistance. Pandya has served in various capacities in the United States government. He has been a member of the Policy Planning Staff of the Department of State, Deputy Assistant Administrator for Asia and the Near East in the US Agency for International Development, and Director of Humanitarian Assistance in the Department of Defense. He has also been Counsel to the Government Operations and Foreign Affairs Committees of the US House of Representatives. His prior experience also includes commercial litigation, public interest litigation on behalf of asylum seekers and immigrants, and the practice of international human rights law.
Selected Publications • Transnational Trends: Middle Eastern and Asian Views (ed. with Ellen Laipson) (Stimson, 2008) • Security, Reconstruction and Political Normalization in Afghanistan (Center for American Progress, 2004) • Waging Peace in Kashmir (Topic, 2002)
Alan Romberg Distinguished Fellow Before Alan Romberg joined the Stimson Center in September 2000, he enjoyed a distinguished career working on Asian issues in and out of government, including twenty years as a US Foreign Service Officer. Romberg, who was Principal Deputy Director of the State Department’s Policy Planning Staff and Deputy Spokesman of the Department, served in various capacities dealing with East Asia, including Director of the Office of Japanese Affairs, member of the Policy Planning Staff for East Asia, and staff member at the National Security Council for China. He served overseas in Hong Kong and Taiwan. Additionally, Romberg spent almost ten years as the C.V. Starr Senior Fellow for Asian Studies at the Council
on Foreign Relations, and was Special Assistant to the Secretary of the Navy. Romberg holds a MA from Harvard University and a BA from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. The East Asia program focuses on the complex security issues confronting the AsiaPacific region, including the rise of China, US alliance relationships in East Asia, North Korea, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. The program also seeks to increase US-Japan-China cooperation and coordination in security policymaking. Through its Visiting Fellows program, the program facilitates dialogue between regional security professionals and their counterparts in the United States.
Selected Publications • After the Taiwan Election: Restoring Dialogue while Reserving Options (China Leadership Monitor, 2008) • Cross-Strait Relations: In Search of Peace (China Leadership Monitor, 2008) • The US “One China” Policy: Time for a Change? (Neuhauser Memorial Lecture, Harvard, 2007) • Applying to the UN in the name of “Taiwan” (China Leadership Monitor, 2007) • US Strategic Interests in Northeast Asia: 2009 and Beyond: (Korea Research Institute, 2007) • Rein In at the Brink of the Precipice: American Policy Toward Taiwan and US-PRC Relations (Stimson, 2003)
aromberg@stimson.org / 202.478.3420 Expertise US-East Asia Policy / East Asian Security Issues / US-PRC/Taiwan Relations US-Republic of Korean Relations / North Korea
Yuki Tatsumi Senior Associate Yuki Tatsumi joined the Stimson Center as a Research Fellow in June 2004, after spending two and a half years at the International Security Program of the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), where she focused on Northeast Asian security issues. Prior to CSIS, she was a Research Associate for the Japan Program at Stimson. She also served at the Embassy of Japan in Washington, DC, from 1996 to 1999 as Special Assistant for Political Affairs. Tatsumi holds a BA in liberal arts from the International Christian University in Tokyo, Japan, and a MA in international economics and
ytatsumi@stimson.org / 202.478.3421 Expertise US-Japan Security Relations Japanese Defense Policy / Japanese Security Policy / Japanese Domestic Policies Defense Industry
Asian studies from the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) of Johns Hopkins University in Washington, DC. The East Asia program focuses on the complex security issues confronting the Asia-Pacific region, including North Korea, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. The program also seeks to increase US-Japan-China cooperation and coordination in security policymaking. Through its Visiting Fellows program, the program facilitates dialogue between regional security professionals and their counterparts in the United States.
Selected Publications • Japan’s National Security Policy Infrastructure: Can Tokyo Meets Washington’s Expectation? (Stimson, 2008), editor • Strategic Yet Strained: US Force Realignment and Its Effect on Okinawa (Stimson, 2008) editor and contributing author • Trouble in the Ministry of Defense of Japan: Implications for the U.S.-Japan Alliance (Japan Chair Platform, 2008) • Japan’s New Defense Establishment: Institutions, Capabilities, and Implications (Stimson, 2007), Co-editor with Andrew Oros, Washington College, and contributor of several chapters • From the JDA to the MoD - A Step Forward, But Challenges Remain (CSIS/Pacific Forum, 2007) • Pragmatism or Nationalism: Shinzo Abe’s Challenge (Japan Now, 2006) • The Defense Policy Review Initiative: a Reflection (CSIS/Pacific Forum, 2006)
Elizabeth Turpen Senior Associate Dr. Elizabeth Turpen brings Senate experience and a background in national security, nuclear weapons and nonproliferation issues to Stimson. Turpen’s previous employment was with Senator Pete V. Domenici (R-NM) as a legislative assistant responsible for defense, nonproliferation, and foreign affairs. Prior to coming to Washington in 1998, she was a consultant on nonproliferation policy, US-Russia programs, and the national security implications of technological advances for a high tech company. Turpen has taught at Georgetown University, and has extensive teaching and lecturing experience. She holds a PhD from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University and a BA from the University of New Mexico.
The Cooperative Nonproliferation Program encourages US and international action to secure WMD materials, dismantle existing weapons and develop the capacities necessary to effectively govern dual-use technologies. Building on a program of research, analysis, and public education, the project also seeks to leverage the private sector as a solution provider to existing proliferation challenges. In addition, the program is working to bridge the development-security divide in support of sustainable implementation of nonproliferation and counterproliferation measures.
Selected Publications • Old Plagues, New Threats: The Biotech Revolution and its Impact on National Security (Stimson, 2008) • Cooperative Nonproliferation: Getting Further, Faster (Stimson, 2007) • Cooperative Threat Reduction: Moving Beyond State Intent in The Search for WMD: Non-Proliferation, Intelligence and Pre-emption in the New Security Environment (Dalhousie University; April 2006) • Policy Matters: Educating Congress and Peace and Security (Stimson, 2004) • The Nuclear Posture Review and the Future of Cooperative Threat Reduction (Stimson, 2002)
eturpen@stimson.org / 202.478.3408 Expertise Legislative Affairs / Congressional Outreach / Nuclear & Nonproliferation Policy Technology & Security Policy
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