Honest Weight Food Co-op Food & Product Manual by Honest Weight Food Co-op

Food and Product Manual Adopted: 1.29.2017

Table of Contents 1. 2. 3. 3.1 3.2 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 10.1 11. 11.1 11.2 11.3 12. 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 13. 14. 14.1 14.2 15. 15.1 15.2 16. 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 16.7 17. 18. 19.

History of the Manual Bylaws Section 150 Food and Product Policy Our Values Mission Statement Statements of Conscience How Buying Decisions Are Made What HWFC Promotes and Why What HWFC Promotes in General What HWFC Strives to Avoid What HWFC Shall Not Knowingly Sell Procedure for non-compliant products that have no equivalents or cannot be replaced promptly GMO Policy In Addition to Basic Purchasing Meat and Poultry Policy Traceable • Humane • Local • Organic In Sourcing Products, Buyers Follow a Tiered Approach HWFC Prohibits and Shall Not Knowingly Sell Products that Contain or were Treated With: Seafood Policy What HWFC Promotes What HWFC Prohibits and Shall Not Knowingly Sell Farmed Fish Standards What HWFC Promotes What HWFC Prohibits and Shall Not Knowingly Sell Prepared Foods Policy Body Care Products Policy What HWFC Promotes in Body Care Products What HWFC Strives to Avoid in Body Care Products Cleaning Products Policy What HWFC Promotes in Cleaning Products What HWFC Strives to Avoid in Cleaning Products Labeling Standards by Department Bulk Dairy Produce Eggs Meat and Poultry Seafood Smoked Special Order Policy Consumer Education Issues References

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History of the Manual

In 1976, the Honest Weight Food Co-op (HWFC) was established as a buying club to provide affordable natural foods to members of the club. On March 1, 1977, a store at 112 Quail Street in Albany, New York, opened as a community-owned and communityoperated retail food store. It provided products to the general public as well as to members of the original buying club. At a general membership meeting on May 16, 1977, an official Food Policy was adopted. In 1980, the Food Policy was adopted into the Bylaws. With periodic adjustments and interpretations by referendum, the Food Policy continues to guide buying practices. In 1995, HWFC moved to a larger store at 484 Central Avenue, Albany. Within four years, HWFC sales increased significantly, and HWFC became a four million dollar business. In 1999, the Board of Directors tasked a committee of members to update the Bylaws, which included review of the criteria used to decide what products would be offered for sale. The natural foods industry had changed significantly over the years. As a result, the Food Policy was no longer sufficiently detailed to provide generally agreed-upon guidelines. New agricultural and food preservation practices such as biotechnology and food irradiation threatened the availability of basic food products. Natural foods had become a growth industry, and mainstream food manufacturers, with lower standards, rapidly absorbed many of the original producers. The food distribution system consolidated in the same way. By 2001, almost all of the cooperative warehouses had closed and retail co-ops were purchasing from publicly traded companies. In 2003, in response to the changing environment in the food industry, food policies in the revised Bylaws were reduced to core concepts. Core Concepts were drawn from a number of governing documents including HWFC's Mission Statement, Bylaws, and the Statements of Conscience. The Bylaws approved by the Membership in June 2003 stipulated that "HWFC shall maintain a Food and Product Manual that contains an explanation of the guidelines used for foods sold at HWFC and reasons particular foods are not carried." The Food and Product Manual (FPM) contains selection guidelines buyers are expected to follow when ordering food and products for sale at HWFC. Since the writing of the previous iteration of the FPM, further significant changes in the natural foods industry have occurred. These changes, along with experience gained from use of the previous FPM, necessitated the development of this revised version of the FPM. Like the 2003 Bylaws, revised Bylaws approved by the Membership in October 2016 authorized the issuance of this manual.

Bylaws Section 150 Food and Product Policy

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150.1 HWFC is committed to providing the most nutritious food obtainable at the lowest price and to educating its Members and the community about nutrition and health.

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150.2 HWFC shall prioritize for sale in the store locally produced, unprocessed, whole, organic, non-GMO foods and other products. Preference shall be given to food and other products that are produced in environmentally sound and socially responsible ways

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150.3 Priority shall be given to ordering, displaying, and selling food in bulk to protect our environment from excessive packaging and to conserve natural resources.

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150.4 HWFC shall maintain a Food and Product Manual that contains an explanation of the guidelines used for products sold at HWFC and reasons particular products are not carried.

Food and Product Manual Adopted 1/29/17

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150.5 Purchasing policies of HWFC shall be consistent with the guidelines provided by the Food and Product Manual.

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150.6 Products shall be clearly labeled as specified by the Food and Product Manual.

Our Values

Acting ethically and responsibly is very important at Honest Weight Food Co-op. This entire document is a testimonial to our values, how they developed, and our commitment to safeguard them.

3.1

Mission Statement

Honest Weight is a member owned and operated consumer cooperative that is committed to providing the community with affordable, high quality natural foods and products for healthy living. Our mission is to promote more equitable, participatory and ecologically sustainable ways of living. We welcome all who choose to participate in a community which embraces cooperative principles, shares resources, and creates economic fairness in an atmosphere of cooperation and respect for humanity and the earth.

3.2

Statements of Conscience

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We are committed to our food policy, which reflects buying practices for food and body aids with consideration towards moral and ethical production, environmental stewardship, healthy living, and safety.

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We are committed to helping our community learn more about growing, choosing, preparing, and using natural foods.

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We are committed to learning and teaching about alternative ways of living that are healthy for ourselves, our community, and our planet.

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We are committed to encouraging an environment where ideas and philosophies can be generated, shared, and expressed freely.

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We support, embrace, and celebrate the diversity of our community.

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We are committed to providing our customers with knowledgeable staff and a positive shopping environment.

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We are committed to donating five percent (5%) of our net profits per year to local non-profit organizations.

How Buying Decisions Are Made

Overall policies about food and products to be sold at HWFC are authorized by the Membership. On a day-to-day basis, decisions about which products to sell are made by HWFC buyers. They are guided and bound by the values expressed in the aforementioned documents and the content of this manual. The following factors also play an important part in buyers' decisions: ▪

Local Availability: Buyers are required to seek out local farmers, local producers, and regional distributors to procure high quality products at competitive prices.

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Cutting Edge: Buyers are expected to keep abreast of new products that meet our highest standards and make selections that are in compliance with our mission.

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Customer Demand: Buyers satisfy product requests that are within HWFC guidelines, can be readily sourced, and can be accommodated within the Co-op’s available space. Individuals can make a request directly to the staff or by a written request placed in the Suggestion Box or on-line. Every request will be answered promptly and posted on a bulletin board for all members to see.

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Special Diets: HWFC is committed to make concerted efforts to provide individuals on limited diets with products not readily available elsewhere. Examples of such products include unsweetened, low-salt, low-fat, gluten-free, specific allergen-free, and vegan.

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Natural and Organic Food Producers: Natural and organic foods are vital to the mission of HWFC. However, HWFC buyers face challenges when matching the Co-op’s buying practices to the Mission Statement. The natural and organic foods industry is progressively consolidating under mainstream conglomerates. As this consolidation takes place, producers alter ingredients and eliminate or add new products without notification. Although HWFC buyers make efforts to monitor products to ensure compliance with the Mission Statement, customers must be responsible for reading product labels on the items they purchase. We ask customers to notify staff when they find that product formulation has changed and is no longer in compliance with our Manual.

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Food Suppliers: Department managers are required to actively seek out local and regional sources and distributors. Our intention is to create multiple sources of supply and reduce dependence on any one supplier.

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Cooperative Networks: HWFC belongs to the National Cooperative Grocers Association (NCGA). In cooperation with other Co-ops, HWFC negotiates supply agreements and participates in various national and regional marketing programs, including periodic sale flyers. Sale items are determined regionally with input from participating cooperatives that have varied missions and product lines. We do not knowingly carry items out of compliance with our FPM, although they may be special ordered.

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Compliance: We encourage Co-op staff, the Nutrition and Education Committee (NEC), MemberOwners, and shoppers to inform us about issues related to products that we sell. A form is available at the service desk to report concerns about any product in question. If any item has been found to contain any items/ingredients/additives included in “What We shall Not Knowingly Sell” section, it is out of compliance with this FPM and will be removed by managerial staff with no delay.

What HWFC Promotes and Why

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Whole and Minimally Processed Foods: As the basis for a healthy diet, these foods are recommended by nutritionists.

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Organically Grown, Biodynamic, and Certified Naturally Grown Foods: These foods are produced without chemical fertilizers, hormones, antibiotics, synthetic pesticides, irradiation, or genetically modified organisms; all of these have been shown to be harmful to humans, animals, and the planet.

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Not Certified Organic, but Locally Grown with Organic Principles: We understand that the high cost of getting organic certification is not affordable for many small local farmers.

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Ordering, Displaying, and Selling Food in Bulk: The HWFC has consistently invested resources in maintaining a substantial volume of products in Bulk. Customers can reuse their own clean and inspected containers, serve themselves, and avoid the use of pre-packaging. Bulk foods

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conserve natural resources and protect the environment from excessive packaging. Many bulk foods are nutritious whole foods and are often less expensive than packaged foods.

What HWFC Promotes in General

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Local, Seasonal, and Small-Scale Farming: Foods grown locally on a smaller production scale and sold in season offer several benefits; o Local produce has a shorter distance to travel, which reduces the amount of fossil fuels needed for transport. o The shorter transport time allows the produce to mature fully before being harvested and to retain higher nutritional value. o Small-scale farming focuses on diversity rather than mono-cropping. Biodiversity is better for the ecosystem and for the farmer. If one crop fails, the farm has many more to fall back on. o Sourcing from local small-scale farms promotes connections between consumers and farmers.

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Local Producers: Local production strengthens the local economy. In addition to showcasing these producers, HWFC promotes Consumer Supported Agriculture (CSA).

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Affordable Price: HWFC is committed to providing nutritious food at the lowest achievable price in accordance with HWFC principles.

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Cooperative Organizations: HWFC embraces the idea that cooperative action enhances the ability of individuals to exert control over their social and economic lives, and promotes purchasing from other cooperatives.

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Environmentally Sustainable Disposable Products and Cleaning Supplies: These products have a lighter environmental impact. Many are biodegradable, incorporate recycled materials, and use more environmentally friendly materials and production methods.

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Fair Trade Certified and Companies Which Promote Fair Labor Practices: Fair trade products and fair labor practices offer producers and employees a living wage and humane working conditions.

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Health and Nutrition Education: HWFC strives to empower customers to make better dietary and lifestyle choices by providing information related to our products and mission.

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Pure, Simple, and Cruelty-Free Products: Personal care and household products made with few or no synthetics and minimal ingredients mean fewer health risks.

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Minimal Packaging: HWFC promotes reuse and recycling of containers and seeks to limit singleserving and excessive packaging.

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Shared Information: HWFC is committed to seeking multiple perspectives on complex issues and sharing verifiable information related to our mission.

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Transparency: Products that have been certified to defined standards. Third-party certifications can be helpful in identifying minimum standards that consumers can use in making purchasing choices. For example, Green Seal is a non-profit organization whose mission is to work toward environmental sustainability by identifying and promoting environmentally responsible products, purchasing, and production. Manufacturers authorized to use the Green Seal Certification Mark on their products are subject to an ongoing program of testing, inspection, and enforcement. Most of the ingredients HWFC strives to avoid are prohibited under Green Seal Certification. Note that smaller manufacturers often find certification cost prohibitive and therefore forgo the certification process. Environmental Working Group (EWG) is another example of a non-profit organization engaged in research and identification of toxins in foods and consumer products. A

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free smartphone application is available that will identify a product’s toxicity by scanning its barcode. Seafood Watch recommendations help consumers to identify seafood that is fished or farmed in ways that protect sea life and it’s habitats. A mobile application is available to view ratings of seafood toxicity and sourcing information. ▪

Labeling at the Point of Display: Products will be prominently labeled so that customers can easily find what they are looking for and to successfully avoid what they do not want.

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Humanely Raised and Cruelty-Free: The Coalition for Consumer Information on Cosmetics administers the Leaping Bunny program. Leaping Bunny has a cruelty-free standard for nearly 200 companies producing cosmetic, personal care, and household products. This assures that no animal testing is used in any phase of producer development by the company, its laboratories, or suppliers.

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Animal Welfare Approved (AWA): Animal Welfare Approved has the most rigorous standards for farm animal welfare and environmental sustainability currently in use by any U.S. farm program. Their standards have been developed in collaboration with scientists, veterinarians, researchers, and farmers across the globe to maximize practicable, high-welfare farm management with the environment in mind. They are one of only two labels in the U.S. that require audited, highwelfare slaughter practices, and is the only label that requires pasture access for all animals.

What HWFC Strives to Avoid

The following items/ingredients/additives are controversial within the Co-op community and thus HWFC strives to avoid selling products containing these. We recommend that concerned shoppers also review EWG guidelines, which are frequently updated. In the event another ingredient or additive is discovered to be detrimental to health or the environment, and is not currently on this list, the NEC shall make a request of the Board to add it with supporting evidence of why this request is being made. The NEC shall periodically review the items/ingredients/additives on the "What HWFC Strives to Avoid" list to determine if any of them have had sufficient scientific studies or evidence of their toxicity to health or the environment to be added to the "What HWFC Does Not Knowingly Sell" list. If any are found, a formal request shall be made of the Board to list those items in that section of the FPM. If approved by the Board and the Membership, members of the NEC shall request that an authorized person in management remove all products containing those items from the shelves. ▪

Carrageenan: Widely used in the food industry as a gelling and thickening agent and a stabilizing agent in foods and drinks. It’s banned in infant formula in the European Union but its use in processed food products, particularly in dairy and dairy replacement products, is completely unrestricted in the USA at this time. Numerous studies have shown carageenan to be such a dependable inflammatory that it is being used as an agent in testing anti-inflammatory properties of new drugs. In April 2016, the Cornucopia Institute published summary research exposing the industry’s withheld data showing that ingestion of food-grade carrageenan triggers an immune reaction that causes an inflammatory response in the gastrointestinal system. Aside from cancercausing properties, studies from the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s link food-grade carrageenan to higher rates of digestive disease, including colon cancer, in laboratory animals.

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Fluoride: Found in minute amounts in foods and beverages, especially from areas where fluoride occurs either naturally or is added to the water supply. Fluoride is added to toothpaste, mouthwash, and other dental products. Commonly prescribed medications including Cipro, Prozac, antiinflammatories, cholesterol lowering drugs, antacids and antibiotics may contain it in large amounts. Higher concentrations in the body have been linked to neurotoxicity, cancer, reproductive toxicity, endocrine disruption, and dental and skeletal fluorosis. Young children, who are likely to swallow when tooth brushing, are especially sensitive to fluoride.

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Heat Processed Oils: Refining oil at high temperatures destroys nutrients. HWFC stocks coldpressed oils and provides a variety of bottled and bulk oils.

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Heavy Metals: Because heavy metals are so prevalent in the environment and therefore hard to avoid we cannot include them in “What We Do Not Knowingly Sell.” We recommend that you pay careful attention to research on these as you make your purchases anywhere you shop: o

Aluminum: Accumulates and persists in the human body, particularly in bone. Additives containing aluminum such as; sodium aluminum phosphate and sodium aluminum sulfate are used as stabilizers in many processed foods. Animals exposed to aluminum in the womb and during development show neurological effects such as; changes in behavior, learning, and motor response. A direct link between aluminum food additives and neurological effects in people has not been proven. While scientific uncertainty remains around whether there may be links between aluminum-based food additives and health effects, their widespread use warrants putting them on the “watch list.”

Arsenic: A potent carcinogen. In addition to promoting cancer, it is an endocrine disruptor and long-term exposure to arsenic is associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and lung disease. Arsenic-based animal drugs are used to kill intestinal parasites, artificially promote growth, and stain chicken and salmon flesh pink, causing inorganic arsenic to be found in edible parts of the animals. For Americans, rice-based foods are a bigger source of arsenic exposure than contaminated drinking water. The arsenic in rice is concentrated in rice syrup, which is sometimes used as a sweetener in snack bars and non-dairy beverages. Inorganic arsenic has also been found in the rice cereals often introduced as a baby’s first food.

Cadmium: A toxic metal found in some imported children’s products including; jewelry, clothing accessories, and paints on toys. Also found in processed chocolate, it has been linked to delayed brain development, kidney and bone damage, and cancer.

Lead: Found in children's toys, jewelry, batteries, ammunition, paint pre-1977, and more recently in processed chocolate products. It harms almost every organ system in the body and has been linked to a staggering array of health effects including; permanent brain damage, lowered IQ, hearing loss, miscarriage, premature birth, increased blood pressure, kidney damage, disrupting hormones, and nervous system problems. Exposure to lead in the womb or early childhood, in even the smallest concentrations, slows brain development and causes learning deficits.

Mercury: A naturally occurring but toxic metal and an endocrine disruptor. It gets into the air and the oceans primarily through burning coal. Eventually, it can end up on your plate in the form of mercury-contaminated seafood. Pregnant women are the most at risk from the toxic effects of mercury, since the metal is known to concentrate in the fetal brain and can interfere with brain development. Eat (sustainable) seafood with lots of healthy fats; avoid mercury by selecting Seafood Watch best choices.

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Irradiated Foods: Studies continue to show that irradiated food, i.e., food intentionally exposed to radiation, may have harmful effects on one’s health. Irradiation is often used where more stringent butchering and food-handling processes would be effective. Irradiated ingredients in processed foods do not have to be labeled, therefore these items cannot be monitored. Customers are advised to look for organic ingredients, since organic regulations prohibit the use of irradiation.

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Monosodium Glutamate (MSG): MSG is a synthetic, concentrated salt of glutamine, a nonessential amino acid that, in addition to being a building block of protein, serves as a neurotransmitter and is a crucial element in normal functioning of the central nervous system. Glutamine occurs naturally in almost all animal and plant protein sources where, if unprocessed, it is bound in long chains to other amino acids. In contrast, MSG, aka “processed free glutamic acid,” contains glutamic acid in an “unbound” form, which is added to foods in much higher concentrations than glutamine naturally occurs.

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Hidden in over 40 common ingredients that are added to processed foods, it is a chemical “flavor enhancer” well-known for creating food cravings, and is made industrially through fermentation, most often using Roundup Ready GMO sugar beets, or it is created when proteins are broken apart/ processed into their constituent amino acids. This excitotoxin is absorbed rapidly into the bloodstream, and can cause neurotoxicity and physical distress. o

Common sources of MSG include, but are not limited to, the terms artificial, organic, or natural flavoring; spices, seasonings, soy sauce, broth/stock/soup, yeast extract, anything “hydrolyzed,” textured vegetable protein, whey protein, calcium or sodium caseinate, autolyzed yeast, soy protein isolate.

Please read labels carefully if you have sensitivities. Also, be aware that the USDA National Organic Program (NOP) allows foods labeled “organic” to have certain ingredients containing MSG/processed free glutamic acid. These ingredients include:   ▪

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acidified sodium chlorite (secondary direct antimicrobial food treatment and indirect food contact with surface sanitizing. Acidified with citric acid only.) calcium citrate carrageenan citric acid (produced by microbial fermentation of carbohydrate substances) cornstarch enzymes

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flavors gelatin gellan gum gums (water-extracted only: Arabic, guar, locust bean, and carob bean.) starches whey protein concentrate xanthan gum yeast (may include products like yeast autolysate, brewers yeast, nutritional yeast, etc.)

As a neurotoxin, MSG can cause varied physical distress in sensitive individuals. Shoppers are encouraged to review the list and brochure, available at HWFC, of 40+ currently-known ingredients which contain MSG/processed free glutamic acid. HWFC will update these as needed.

MSG/processed free glutamic acid is also found in body care products, sunscreens, insect repellents, toothpastes, vitamins & supplements, pet foods, and in AuxiGro (sprayed on conventional fruits and vegetables).

A number of reputable consumer information websites in our References list the 40+ ingredients which contain hidden MSG/processed free glutamic acid: For frequently updated lists see: the Truth in Labeling Campaign, http://www.truthinlabeling.org/hiddensources.html, https://www.facebook.com/pages/Truth-inLabeling-Campaign/114093959577?v=wall and http://unblindmymind.org/

Pesticides: Because pesticides are so widely used in non-organic farming practices and prevalent in the environment they are hard to avoid, and we cannot include them in “What We Do Not Knowingly Sell.” We recommend that you pay careful attention to research on these as you make your purchases anywhere you shop: o

Alachlor, Acetochlor, and Metolachlor: Most frequently detected in drinking water. Suspected of causing a number of health effects including; cancer, birth defects, and disruption of the endocrine (hormone) system. Alachlor and Acetochlor are classified by the EPA as probable human carcinogens.

Atrazine, Simazine, and Cyanazine: Most frequently detected in drinking water. Proven in several studies to disrupt the normal function of the hormone system, causing mammary gland cancer in female rats. In November, 1994, the EPA admitted the possible relationship between exposure and the increased rate of breast cancer in women. Atrazine is widely used on the majority of corn crops in the

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United States, research has linked it to prostate cancer in men. Cyanazine is also a reproductive toxin, causing heritable genetic mutations in a number of tests and birth defects in rabbits and rats. o

Organophosphates: Originally developed as biological warfare agents, organophosphates are highly toxic insecticides. There are approximately 40 organophosphate pesticides, and as a group they account for approximately half of the insecticide use in the United States. The majority of organophosphates are used on food crops, but they are often used in and around the home to control termites, lawn insects, ants, cockroaches, fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes. Malathion, diazinon, dichlorvos, fenthion, and chlorpyrifos are most common. Organophosphates kill insects and other animals by damaging an enzyme that is essential to control nerve impulse transmission which impacts normal function of the central and peripheral nervous system. It is absorbed by inhalation or ingestion. In overdoses, organophosphates can kill people and pets. Studies in animals show that even a single low-level exposure to certain organophosphates, during early brain development, can cause permanent changes in brain chemistry. Research suggests that early childhood exposure can go on undetected because of lack of overt symptoms and can lead to lasting effects on learning, attention, and behavior.

Roundup and its Active Ingredient Glyphosate: Glyphosate was created for use as a broadspectrum industrial deglazing agent. Because of its ability to bind to metals it is suspected to cause mineral deficiencies that could lead to chronic diseases. The World Health Organization declared it a probable carcinogen. Crops that may have had pre-harvest applications of glyphosate include but are not limited to: Wheat, Feed Barley, Tame Oats, Canola, Flax, Peas, Lentils, Soybeans, Dry Beans, and Sunflower Seeds. Roundup may cause pregnancy problems by interfering with hormone production, possibly leading to abnormal fetal development, low birth weight, or miscarriage. It is suspected that the inert ingredients in Roundup amplify the toxic effect of glyphosate on human cells—even at concentrations much more diluted than those used on farms and lawns. One specific inert ingredient, Polyethoxylated Tallowamine (POEA), was more deadly to human embryonic, placental, and umbilical cord cells than the herbicide itself.

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Phosphates: Among the most common food additives. They can be used to leaven baked goods, reduce acid, and improve moisture retention and tenderness in processed meats. One study has linked higher phosphorus levels in the blood to increased cardiovascular risk. Another study found an association between dietary phosphorus and heart disease. The NIH has identified problems for people with kidney diseases and the consumption of phosphate food additives. In 2013 the European Food Safety Authority began a high-priority reevaluation of added phosphates in food.

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Sulfites: Are naturally occurring allergens, which are also commonly used as food additives and packaging additives. We will strive to label when we discover these additives. They can cause severe reactions in susceptible individuals and are suspected carcinogens.

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Toxic Chemicals: Because these chemicals are so prevalent in the environment, household and cleaning products, cosmetics, and product packaging, therefore hard to avoid, we cannot include them in “What We Do Not Knowingly Sell.” We recommend that you pay careful attention to research on these as you make your purchases anywhere you shop: o

BPA (Bisphenol A): A plastic and resin ingredient used to line metal food and drink cans. BPA is associated with a number of health problems and diseases that are on the rise in the U.S. population including; breast cancer, prostate cancer, and infertility. There are no government safety standards limiting the amount of BPA in canned food.

1-Bromopropane (1-BP): A solvent used in aerosol cleaners, adhesives, dry cleaning, spot removers, coin cleaners, and for a variety of industrial applications. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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(CDC) has detected it in more than three-quarters of Americans sampled. U.S. production increased to over 15 million pounds in 2011 as 1-BP replaced other hazardous solvents. The National Toxicology Program classifies 1-BP as reasonably expected to be a human carcinogen. California lists it as a chemical known to cause reproductive harm. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) says it's particularly risky for women who are pregnant or of childbearing age, on the grounds that even short-term exposure could harm a developing fetus.

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DEHA (Bis (2-Ethylhexyl) Adipate): A softener used in some brands of plastic wrap for packaging food in grocery stores and for home use. It is also used to make PVC plastics. The EPA has classified DEHA as a possible human carcinogen. It is not a phthalate but has chemical similarities to the phthalate DEHP, which it has replaced in plastic items such as food packaging and children’s toys.

Dioxins: Environmental pollutants belonging to a group of dangerous chemicals known as Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). Dioxins are highly toxic and can cause reproductive and developmental problems, damage the immune system, interfere with hormones, and also cause cancer. The American food supply is widely contaminated. Products including meat, fish, milk, eggs, and butter are most likely to be contaminated, but you can cut down on your exposure by eating fewer animal products.

Ethylbenzene: Used in gasoline, paints, inks, pesticides, glues, and is a component of tobacco smoke. It is a well-established neurotoxin. California and the World Health Organization list it as a known human carcinogen. The CDC has found it in almost three-quarters of Americans.

Glycol Ethers: A common solvent in paints, cleaning products, brake fluid, and cosmetics. It is also a hormone disrupter. The European Union says that some of these chemicals “may damage fertility or the unborn child.” Studies of painters have linked exposure to certain glycol ethers to blood abnormalities and lower sperm counts. And children who were exposed to glycol ethers from paint in their bedrooms had substantially more asthma and allergies.

Methylene Chloride: A probable carcinogen, used in paint strippers, plastics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and decaf coffee; causes reproductive harm. As of 2005, the FDA prohibited the use of this chemical in personal care products.

P-dichlorobenzene: An insecticide used in mothballs and as a deodorant blocker for toilets and garbage cans. The National Toxicology Program says it is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. Long-term exposures can damage the liver and central nervous system. California has banned the chemical in solid deodorizers.

Phthalates: A plasticizing chemical, used in food packaging and widely found in synthetic fragrances (unspecified as an ingredient, labeled solely as “fragrance”), which has been long banned in the European Union and, as of 2009, in all toys and childcare items in California. These chemicals act as endocrine disruptors and may cause reproductive and developmental harm.

Styrene: The key ingredient in Styrofoam, and is used in making plastics and rubber. The National Toxicology Program says it is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

Vinyl Chloride: The key ingredient in making PVC plastic. Vinyl chloride gas can off-gas from new plastics. It is a source of the distinctive "new car smell." The National Toxicology Program says it is a known human carcinogen.

White Refined Sugar: White sugar is a highly refined product of limited nutritional value. The HWFC bylaws stipulate that we will avoid selling products with refined white sugar when practical, but with no standardized term for sugar used in package labeling this has become increasingly difficult to achieve. Staff

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attempt to stock products with a variety of sweeteners and unsweetened products to satisfy a variety of dietary needs. â&#x2013;Ş

White Refined Flour: Refining flour removes important nutrients. Because of customer demand, staff stock refined flour and products containing refined flour. However, the HWFC continues to promote whole grains and whole grain flours, breads, and pastas.

What HWFC Shall Not Knowingly Sell

The following are items/ingredients/additives that the Membership of HWFC has decided not to sell because they contradict the principles on which the Co-op was founded. Any product found to contain any of the listed items/ingredients/additives is out of compliance with this FPM and will be removed by managerial staff. In the event an item/ingredient/additive not currently on this list is discovered to be detrimental to health or the environment, the NEC shall make a request of the Board to add it with supporting evidence of why this request is being made. We recommend that concerned shoppers also review EWG guidelines, which are frequently updated. â&#x2013;Ş

Artificial Food Coloring: Most artificial colorings are synthetic chemicals and do not occur in nature. Critics charge that they have been inadequately tested. As one example, Yellow #5 has been implicated as an allergen, creating responses ranging from hives to death through anaphylactic shock. Effects in the developing nervous system are now being studied as a potential cause of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Also, some types of "caramel color" are artificial and contain a potentially carcinogenic chemical called 4-methylimidazole (4-MeI).

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Artificial Preservatives and Additives: Are toxic to human health and the environment. Natural preservatives are available and effective. Examples include ascorbic acid, hot pepper, salt, sugar, and vinegar. o

BHA (Butylated Hydroxyanisole): Listed as a known carcinogen in the state of California. The European Union classifies BHA as an endocrine disruptor. It is a preservative and stabilizer used in many processed foods including chips and preserved meats. It is also added to fats and to foods that contain fats and is allowed as a preservative in flavoring.

BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene): Cousin to BHA, it too is added to food as a preservative. The two compounds act synergistically and are often used together.

Nitrites and Propionates: Are allergens. They can cause severe reactions in susceptible individuals and are suspected carcinogens.

Parabens: A synthetic preservative found in many products, from foods, to cosmetics and body products. These chemicals produce estrogenic effects and have been found in human breast cancer cell cultures. The European Food Safety Authority has set an Acceptable Daily Intake of 0-10 mg per kilogram of bodyweight per day for methyl- and ethylparaben. Typical products which contain parabens include beer, sauces, desserts, soft drinks, processed fish, jams, pickles, frozen dairy products, processed vegetables, and flavoring syrups. Propylparaben, used as a preservative in foods such as tortillas, muffins, and food dyes, is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that acts as a weak synthetic estrogen. It can alter the expression of genes and has been reported to accelerate the growth of breast cancer cells. It has also been linked to impaired fertility in women.

Potassium Sorbate: A preservative used to suppress formation of molds and yeasts in foods, wines and personal care products. In-vitro studies suggest that it is toxic to DNA and has a negative affect on immunity.

Potassium Bromate: An oxidizing agent used as food additive, mainly in the bread making process, and has been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. It is banned from use in foods in all countries of the EU, Canada, Argentina, and Brazil. The

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state of California requires warning label on any foods containing this additive. Animal studies indicate that it is toxic to kidneys and can cause damage to DNA. o ▪

Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Benzoate, and Calcium Benzoate: When combined with Vitamin C these form benzene, a highly carcinogenic compound that damages the mitochondria in cells.

Artificial Sweeteners: Aspartame (Nutrasweet), Saccharin (Sweet N’ Low), and Sucralose (Splenda) are examples of common artificial sweeteners. The original aspartame studies showed that the drug has triggered brain, mammary, uterine, ovarian, testicular, thyroid, and pancreatic tumors. More recent studies show that aspartame increases the risk of heart attack and stroke. Studies on animals have shown that saccharin can cause cancer and it is listed as a carcinogen by the World Health Organization. The U.S. Congress intervened to permit its use in the United States with a warning label. Sucralose has not been subjected to long-term health studies in humans. o

Note: HWFC does carry natural low-calorie alternatives such as Maltitol, Sorbitol, Mannitol, and Xylitol. These products contribute fewer calories than sugar; however, they may have a laxative effect if consumed in large amounts.

▪

Dairy Products from Cows that are given Growth Hormones: Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone (rBGH) is used primarily to increase milk production. Its use results in increased inflammation of the udders; cows are then given antibiotics to reduce the inflammation. There is a public health concern that antibiotics are becoming ineffective because of their overuse in the treatment of animals. HWFC milk and dairy suppliers have informed us that growth hormones are not given to their cows. Note: The prohibition on rBGH does not apply to processed, pre-packaged products. HWFC cannot reliably determine the source of dairy ingredients, and therefore whether or not hormones were administered. Organic standards do not permit the use of rBGH, antibiotics, or hormones.

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High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS): A highly refined product with no nutritional value, derived mostly from Genetically-Modified (GMO) corn. It may unfavorably alter blood lipids, notably triglycerides, increases the risk of heart disease and contributes to obesity. Detrimental environmental effects from growing corn to produce corn syrup include soil depletion, nitrogen runoff, and herbicide and pesticide contamination. Because of increased public awareness about the potential health damaging effects of HFCS, an effort is being made by the processed food industry to create derivatives of HFCS from corn or other starches that are just as or more damaging to health than HFCS. Following are some of currently known names: maize syrup, glucose syrup, tapioca syrup, fruit fructose, crystalline fructose, fructose. All aforementioned shall be treated in the same manner as HFCS.

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Hydrogenated Oil (Trans Fat): Scientific studies have confirmed hydrogenated oils are harmful to health. Experts recommend that any intake of trans fats be avoided. As of 2006, all manufacturers must label the presence of trans fat on the "Nutrition Facts" panel of packages.

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Inhumane Products: Any product tested on animals or any product from animals raised in a CAFO (Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation).

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Tobacco: Although additive-free sources of tobacco are available, smoke itself contains many carcinogenic compounds. According to the American Lung Association, the use of tobacco is implicated in a variety of cancers, emphysema, and asthma. The ruling of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) about the effects of second-hand smoke on health has resulted in the prohibition of smoking in public places.

▪

Toxic chemicals: o

PFCs (Perfluorinated Compounds): Including the range of chemicals known as fluorotelomers, grease-resistant chemical substances linked to cancer and birth defects. Used in pizza boxes, microwave popcorn bags, sandwich wrappers, and other food packaging. There are almost a hundred PFCs used in food packaging, 3 were recently banned by the FDA. Fluorotelomers eventually breakdown to Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) and similar chemicals in our bodies and in the environment, where they

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are extremely persistent; as a result, they have contaminated soil, air, and groundwater at sites across the United States. The toxicity, mobility, and bioaccumulation potential of PFCs pose potential adverse effects for the environment and human health. Some of the more commonly known PFCs are:

▪

PFOA (Perfluorooctanoic Acid): Used in surface protection products such as carpet, clothing treatments, and coatings for paper and cardboard packaging. PFOA has been classified as “possibly carcinogenic to humans” (Group 2B), based on limited evidence in humans, that it can cause testicular and kidney cancer.

▪

PFOS (Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid): Epidemiologic studies have shown an association of PFOS exposure and the incidence of bladder cancer. There is also evidence of high acute toxicity to honey bees.

▪

PTFE (Teflon): According to tests commissioned by the EWG, Teflon surfaces for cookware and nonstick surfaces can exceed temperatures at which the coating breaks apart and emit toxic particles and gases. The toxic effects are released in just two to five minutes on a conventional stove-top at temperatures above 350F, and have been linked to pet bird deaths due to polymer fume fever.

Procedure for Non-Compliant Products that have No Equivalents or Cannot be Replaced Promptly

1. If it is found that a product is out of compliance with our FPM, the Manager of the Department that has been ordering the product (or someone designated by them) will first call and then write to the supplier explaining our policies and our concerns, and indicating that we will need to shortly stop ordering the product if it continues to be out of compliance. 2. An agreed upon time period may be negotiated, not to exceed six months, in which HWFC will continue to order the product if demand continues, while anticipating a change by the supplier. During this period, a shelf tag will indicate the status of the non-compliant product. 3. If no time period can be agreed upon, (the supplier has no plan and no desire to make the change), then HWFC will discontinue the product and place a shelf tag indicating why we have done so.

10.

GMO Policy

Due to the introduction of genetically modified crops and gene editing technologies into our food system, and the lack of mandatory labeling regulations, it has become difficult to know for certain if foods are truly free of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). We recognize that our Member-Owners and customers are concerned about the potential negative health and environmental effects of GMOs. They expect to be able to find products that are free of GMOs in our store and we are endeavoring to meet that expectation to the best of our abilities. In addition, we feel we can strongly influence vendors and regulatory agencies to label GMOs if we band together with other co-ops. With thousands of products, an ever-changing landscape in organic practices, and the introduction of new GMO products, the NEC shall periodically research any new developments and will submit request for changes to the Board for approval. We intend to provide informational materials regarding GMO ingredients for use in employee training and for member education. We respect the fact that many of our shoppers do not have smart phones and may not, therefore, be able to scan a product label to find out if it contains any GMOs. Because there is little accountability for erroneous labeling regarding the actual content of GMOs on the product packaging and the existing law is very ambiguous, HWFC shall require that our suppliers, including distributors, be required to disclose any information that they know about the GMO content for the products we are purchasing.

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We strive to provide education and information that allow our customers to make informed decisions. GMOcontaining products arriving at HWFC will be clearly identified after January 1, 2018. During this next year, management will develop a method of providing information regarding GMO content that will be accessible and visible to all. In order to influence the regulation of GMO labeling, we are no longer knowingly accepting NEW non-organic products that include GMO high-risk items in their ingredient list, unless they are verified by the Non-GMO Project or can provide a detailed description of the measures taken to avoid GMO contamination. Be aware that non-organic products that bear the Non-GMO Project Verified label may still contain glyphosate, an active ingredient in Roundup, as a result of pre-harvest desiccation. This new policy applies to all ingestible products. Non-organic crops at high risk for being GMO include, but are not limited to  Canola Corn Cotton Soy Sugar Beets

Papaya (from Hawaii) Zucchini Yellow Summer Squash Apples (non-browning

Non-organic ingredients derived from crops at high risk for being GMO include, but are not limited to Amino acids Artificial Flavoring Ascorbic Acid Aspartame Citric Acid Corn Starch Ethanol High Fructose Corn Syrup Hydrolyzed Vegetable Protein Lactic Acid Maltodextrin Molasses Monosodium Glutamate

Natural Flavoring Natural Spices Sodium Ascorbate Sodium Citrate Soy Lecithin Spices TVP (textured vegetable protein) Vitamin C Vitamin Capsules Xanthan Gum Yeast Products

Animals and Fish at high risk for being genetically engineered include, but are not limited to ●

Salmon (In 2015 the USDA approved GE salmon, which will be marketed as “farmed salmon”) ➢ This policy does not apply to animals that are fed GMO feed, only to animals that are themselves genetically engineered. CAFO meat and farmed fish are most frequently fed GMO feed

10.1 In Addition to Basic Purchasing We shall do the following to further pressure vendors to label GMO products by adopting the following standards:

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We will strive not to promote products that are at high risk for containing GMOs on end caps or in stacks. This applies to all products, not just new products.

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We shall work to ensure that any private label products are free from ingredients that are at high risk for containing GMOs.

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We shall work to ensure that all products used in our Bakery and Deli recipes are free from high-risk GMO ingredients.

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We shall not carry products that are themselves, nor contain ingredients made from, genetically engineered animals.

11.

Meat and Poultry Policy

HWFC promotes these values when selecting products involving Meat and Poultry, through operational practices, consumer education, and labeling at the point of display. Any products shelved outside of meat/fish department that contain any meat or fish derivatives shall be labeled so.

11.1

Traceable • Humane • Local • Organic

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Meat is sourced, when available, from local (regional), certified organic if possible, as close as possible if not, free-range, without hormones or antibiotics, and packed without additives or preservatives including nitrites.

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Preference is given to pasture based and free range/roaming for all species.

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Ruminants must be fed only a vegetarian diet. Preference is given to cows, sheep, goat, beefalo, and other grazers that are grass fed and grass finished.

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For any livestock that are supplemented with grain, preference is given to suppliers who use only Certified Organic feed.

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We recommend that concerned shoppers also review EWG guidelines, which are frequently updated.

11.2

In Sourcing Products, Buyers Follow a Tiered Approach 1. HWFC sources first and principally from small local and regional farms that welcome inspection of the operations and animal husbandry conditions by HWFC personnel. 2. HWFC supplements with regional processors and distributors that source from farms equivalent to the above. 3. HWFC supplements with national brands that are USDA certified organic, when local and regional sources cannot ensure consistently adequate supply to fulfill consumer demand. 4. HWFC supplements with products that meet the USDA definition of “all natural” but which also meet the conditions of “What HWFC Shall Not Knowingly Sell” listed below, and which are locally produced within 250 miles of the Co-op.

11.3

HWFC Prohibits and Shall Not Knowingly Sell Products that Contain or were Treated With: ▪

Prophylactic antibiotics.

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Growth promotant antibiotics.

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12.

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Hormonal additives in any form.

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Irradiated commodity meat products bearing a radura symbol.

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Synthetic (artificial) nitrites, nitrates, additives, or preservatives.

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Undifferentiated spices, flavorings, and seasonings (whether natural or organic).

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Meats from Genetically Modified animals.

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Management shall promptly remove any product it finds to be out of compliance with the above.

Seafood Policy

HWFC is committed to researching and purchasing the healthiest, freshest, most humanely raised, and minimally processed fish available on the market, that is also chemical, hormone, antibiotic, and GMO free. We routinely research and update our farmed fish selections and practices, and choose from those that meet our rigorous high standards. We recommend that concerned shoppers also review EWG and Seafood Watch guidelines, which are frequently updated. Any products shelved outside of meat/fish department that contain any meat or fish derivatives shall be labeled so.

12.1

What HWFC Promotes ▪

Transparency of sourcing: traceability to the fishery, transparency of farming practices and ecological impact studies.

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Fish is stocked frozen or canned, farm raised, certified organic or wild caught from nonthreatened species. It is rated “Best Choice” by Seafood Watch or other highly restrictive seafood monitoring agencies.

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Harvesting methods that minimize ecological impact and bycatch (trapping/killing of other species that are not harvested for food).

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Seafood Watch Best Choices: Seafood in this category is abundant, well-managed, and caught or farmed in environmentally friendly ways.

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Ecologically superior and transparent aquaculture practices.

12.2

12.3

What HWFC Prohibits and Shall Not Knowingly Sell ▪

Seafood Watch Avoid Choices: these species are overfished or caught in ways that harm other marine life or the environment.

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Genetically Modified Seafood.

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Management shall promptly remove any product it finds to be out of compliance with the above.

Farmed Fish Standards

Farmed raised seafood (Aquaculture) includes fish raised in open ocean net pens as well as land-based closed containment operations. Depending on the species being farmed, the methods used and where the farm is

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located varies widely. Due to so many variables in fish farming, HWFC strives to educate and inform customers to choose seafood that’s farmed in healthier ways and has a less devastating impact on the environment. With that, we give a high consideration to those rated ‘Best Choice’ by Seafood Watch program when purchasing farmed fish for our customers. “Seafood Watch standards consist of guiding principles, science-based criteria, and a robust scoring methodology, that are regularly updated with the help of fisheries and aquaculture experts to ensure they incorporate the latest science and understanding of sustainability. They play a critical role in helping to create an assessment of a fishery or aquaculture operation, which in turn helps shape our seafood recommendations.” Of concern is the high rate of plant-based grain ingredients (GMO soy and corn, wheat, all likely contaminated with chemicals and additives we strive to avoid) used in farm-raised fish feed, that is slowly replacing traditional feed made from overfished wild fish and fish oils. This may impact the health benefits of certain types of fish, thus diminishing the health benefits to the consumer.

12.4

What HWFC Promotes ▪

Transparency of sourcing: traceability to the fishery, transparency of farming practices and ecological impact studies.

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Farmed fish fed a diet that is as close as possible to what that species would feed on in the wild.

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Farmed fish rated “Best Choice” from Seafood Watch, and selected by HWFC that is well managed, caught, and farmed in ways that cause little harm to habitats or other wildlife.

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Farmed fish raised in a facility that has a Veterinarian on staff, and is regulated by a recommended certifying agency.

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Farmed fish that are raised in a facility that is clean, sanitary, and free of chemicals and pollution.

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Farmed fish that are raised in water that is fresh and free flowing, giving fish room to swim and exercise as much as possible, as they would in the wild.

12.5

13.

What HWFC Prohibits and Shall Not Knowingly Sell ▪

Seafood Watch Avoid Choices: these species are overfished and farmed in ways that harm other marine life or the environment.

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Any farmed fish that is genetically modified.

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Management shall promptly remove any product found to be out of compliance with the above.

Prepared Foods Policy

The Prepared Foods Department follows the guidelines set forth elsewhere in this Food and Product Manual. Additionally: ▪

Organic bread choice shall be offered for sandwiches, in addition to existing offering, at an appropriate surcharge to account for higher cost if necessary.

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Preference shall be given to available local, regional, seasonal, organic ingredients, whole grains, and whole grain products.

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The following offerings shall be provided on a daily basis. Every offering shall be labeled with all ingredients. Should you have food sensitivities, please confirm ingredients with department staff: o o o o o o o o

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Fully Organic Items without Gluten ingredients (not made in a Gluten-Free facility) Dairy-Free Vegan Raw Food and Juice Combinations of the above will be available on a rotating basis Soups with diverse ingredients to provide choices for nightshade, allium, or other food intolerances Baked Goods made without sugar

The legally defined allergens; milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, wheat, soy, peanuts, and tree nuts shall be prominently labeled on each offering as required by applicable laws and regulations. o

Although not legally defined, products made without gluten ingredients will also be prominently labeled.

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All ingredients from the “What HWFC Strives to Avoid” list shall be labeled as such.

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If a processed product is used in a recipe, all of its ingredients shall be listed on the label. The same applies to any product that is sourced from an out-of-house supplier.

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Efforts will be made to use environmentally friendly product packaging that is currently known to be the least toxic, most biodegradable and/or recyclable, as appropriate for the application.

14.

Body Care Products Policy

14.1

What HWFC Promotes in Body Care Products

Body Care Products that contain few ingredients, local, organic, and are available for bulk sales. We recommend that concerned shoppers also review EWG guidelines, which are frequently updated. Look for products that: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

are produced by reputable companies with an established record of sustainable practices. are biodegradable. perform as advertised. carry the Green Seal Certification. carry the Leaping Bunny certification.

14.2

What HWFC Strives to Avoid in Body Care Products

All Body Care Products that contain the following ingredients: ▪

Anti-Bacterials and Anti-Microbials: Synthetic pharmaceuticals found in soaps, toothpastes, deodorants, and other body aids. These chemical ingredients act to create further resistance to antibiotics, a global problem.

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Artificial Coloring Agents: Some synthetic dyes are associated with cancers. Other coloring agents are associated with ADHD in children.

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Fluoride: See Section 7, What HWFC Strives to Avoid

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Non-Organic, Chlorine-Bleached Sanitary Products: Non-organic cotton is one of the most highly sprayed crops. Chlorine bleach is detrimental to the environment and to one’s health.

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Parabens: A synthetic preservative found in many products. These chemicals produce estrogenic effects and have been found in human breast cancer cell cultures.

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Phthalates: Plasticizing chemicals, widely found in synthetic fragrances (unspecified as an ingredient, labeled solely as “fragrance”), which have long been banned in the European Union and, as of 2009, in all toys and childcare items in California. These chemicals act as endocrine disruptors and may cause reproductive and developmental harm.

15.

Cleaning Products Policy

15.1

What HWFC Promotes in Cleaning Products

Cleaning products that contain few ingredients, local, organic, and are available for bulk sales. We recommend that concerned shoppers also review EWG guidelines, which are frequently updated. Look for products that: ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

15.2

What HWFC Strives to Avoid in Cleaning Products

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Ingredients Containing Known Irritants, Toxins, and Carcinogens: This list includes, but is not limited to: Acetone, Alcohol Ethoxylates, Alkylphenols, Ammonia, Benzethonium Chloride, Chlorine Bleach (Sodium Hypochlorite), Diethanolamine (DEA), Triethanolamine (TEA), D-Limonene, Formaldehyde, Glycol Ethers, Methylene Chloride, Monoethanolamine (MEA), Morpholine, Naphthalene, Nitrilotriacetic Acid, Parabens, Paradichlorobenzene, Phosphoric Acid, Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate Dihydrate, Toluene, and Xylenes. Further information about these ingredients can be found at Environmental Working Group: www.ewg.org.

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Products That Contain Ingredients that are Damaging to the Environment.

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Antibiotics: The common use of antibacterial products (such as Triclosan, commonly found in hand sanitizers) has led to resistant strains of bacteria more dangerous than traditional strains. Many believe that the use of anti-bacterials prevents a strong immune system from developing and leaves people more susceptible to infections and diseases.

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Unclear Labeling: When products are labeled unclearly, consumers may unintentionally purchase an item with ingredients they would rather avoid.

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Synthetic Fragrances: The vast majority are derived from petrochemicals including benzene derivatives, aldehydes, and phthalates.

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Inhumane Products: Products that use animal testing in any phase of production.

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Fluorides: Namely: hydrogen fluoride, ammonium bifluoride, sodium fluoride, potassium bifluoride, sodium bifluoride, ammonium fluoride, sodium fluosilicate and other water-soluble fluoride-containing compounds are ingredients in such household products as cleaning solutions for metal, tile, brick, cement, wheels, radiators, siding, toilets, ovens, and drains. Fluorides are also found in rust and water stain removers, silver solder and other welding fluxes, etching compounds, laundry sour, air conditioner coil cleaners and floor polishes. Their toxicity relates to the fluoride ions’ ability to penetrate tissue and cause systemic poisoning and tissue destruction. www.toxnet.nim.nih.gov

16.

Labeling Standards by Department

These are in addition to general labeling requirements listed in other sections of this FPM.

16.1

Bulk

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Location where grown if known AND location where processed, if different (local/state/ of origin/local/ state/country of production)

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How grown: o o o o o o

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Type of processing if known: o Raw o Sprouted o Dried (specify how) o Flavored (specify type of flavor) o Roasted o Gluten free - to avoid possible cross contamination bins with gluten free products shall be placed above gluten containing bins

16.2

Certified Organic Certified Naturally Grown Certified Biodynamic or Demeter Non-GMO verified Conventionally grown If GMO, shall be so labeled

Dairy

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Signs indicating that all of our dairy products are free of rBGH growth hormone

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Where possible, as much as we know of the following will be specified o

Milk source: o Cow o Sheep o Goat o Buffalo o Other (specify)

Processing: o Raw o Pasteurized o Thermalized o Made from UF (ultra filtered) milk o Other (specify)

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16.3

Animal feed: o 100% grass fed (might or might not be certified organic) o Grass fed with supplemental grain (specify if GMO or GMO free) o Conventional (may contain herbicides, pesticides and GMOs) o Certified organic (might or might not be 100% grass fed)

Produce

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Location where grown (local/state/country of origin)

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How grown: o Certified Organic o Certified Naturally Grown o Certified Biodynamic or Demeter o Grown with biodynamic principles o Conventional o If GMO, shall be so labeled

16.4

Eggs

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Due to recurrent changes in supply please review Egg Chart available at Cheese Department for information on current egg sources. The Egg Chart specifies: o Certifications o Feed components o Pasture access level o Animal welfare

16.5

Meat and Poultry

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An explanation of Tier levels shall be prominently posted.

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Tier level shall be specified on packaging or at the point of display.

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Where possible, as much we know of the following will be specified

16.6

Location where grown (local/state/country of origin)

Location where processed (local/state/country of origin)

Animal feed: o 100% grass fed (might or might not be certified organic) o Grass fed with supplemental grain (specify if GMO or GMO free) o Conventional (may contain herbicides, pesticides and GMOs)

Any known certifications or processes: o Certified Organic o Grass Fed and Grass Finished o Certified Humane or other Animal Welfare certification

Seafood

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Seafood Watch level shall be specified on packages or at the point of display, as either Seafood Watch Best Choices or Seafood Watch Good Alternatives.

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If farmed, the location of farm shall be specified.

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▪

16.7 ▪

17.

If wild caught and known, the location shall be specified.

Smoked Foods Shall be labeled with method of smoke and source of smoke (type of wood) or type of smoke flavor if artificial.

Special Order Policy

The Service Desk can provide the current process for placing Special Orders, which may include some products that do not meet the standards in our Manual.

18.

Consumer Education Issues

The following issues encompass social, environmental, and political concerns regarding practices that cannot always be determined from food labels: ▪

Exploitative Business Practices: Increasingly, HWFC has less choice in the business and environmental ethics of manufacturers as industry continues to consolidate. Unless a product is labeled Fair Trade Certified, it is often difficult to ascertain business practices from the label. Information on questionable business practices is passed on to customers through the Coop Scoop and other printed materials. Customers can then make more informed choices. Examples of questionable practices include; lack of fair compensation to workers, employing child labor, and marketing products unscrupulously to children.

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Misleading and Confusing Product Labeling: Product labels can be deceiving. The commonly used term “natural” is often used to encourage consumers to view products as healthier. Because there is no regulatory definition of the word natural, there is little meaning behind the term. Manufacturers often use this term as a marketing ploy when the product may in fact contain very few 100% organic ingredients. When natural is used to describe flavors, i.e., "natural flavors", it can be misleading. Natural and artificial flavors sometimes contain exactly the same chemicals, but are produced through different methods. Labels may also be misleading when manufacturers are not required to fully disclose ingredients. Because the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) considers that proprietary information, such hidden ingredients pose a risk, particularly when they are allergens.

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Global Conglomerates in Natural and Organic Foods: As the food industry consolidates, HWFC is committed to sharing information on ingredients, processes, and business practices of natural and organic foods manufacturers. HWFC is also committed to participating in collective efforts to curtail or examine practices harmful to the environment and the food supply.

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19.

References

The Nutrition and Education Committee updates References continuously. These updated References will be changed as needed to keep abreast of new research and changes in website links. In setting and updating Policies, the NEC has most recently referenced the following Websites and Resources as of January 16, 2017:

• 7. What HWFC Strives to Avoid Bisphenol http://www.ewg.org/research/bisphenol BPA & Phthalates http://www.mountsinai.org/static_files/MSMC/Files/Patient%20Care/Children/Childrens %20Environmental%20Health%20Center/Fact%20Sheet%20-%20Plastic&BPA.pdf Carrageenan https://www.cornucopia.org/2013/12/carrageenan-risks-reality/ Dioxins http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs225/en/ Fluoride http://poisonfluoride.com/pfpc/html/household.html has excerpts from US Federal Register: June 2, 1998 (Volume 63, Number 105) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3144112 Glyphosate http://civileats.com/2016/02/17/fda-to-start-testing-for-glyphosate-in-food/ http://www.environmentalhealthnews.org/ehs/news/roundup-weed-killer-is-toxic-to-human-cells.-studyintensifies-debate-over-inert-ingredients http://www.ewg.org/agmag/2016/05/does-monsanto-s-glyphosate-cause-cancer http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19539684 http://www.truthinlabeling.org/EvidenceOfToxicityOfGlyphosate.htm https://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12940-016-0117-0 https://outside.vermont.gov/agency/agriculture/vpac/Other%20VPAC%20Documents/Glyphosate/Surface %20Waters/Glyphosate%20Selective%20Review.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22337346 https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/weed-whacking-herbicide-p/ MSG http://fedup.com.au/images/stories/129MSGlist.pdf http://unblindmymind.org/wpsystem/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Various_Ways_Free_Glutamate.pdf http://www.msgmyth.com/Hidden_Names_for_MSG.pdf http://www.msgmyth.com/what_is_msg.html

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http://www.truthinlabeling.org/hiddensources.html http://www.truthinlabeling.org/organicP.html https://www.facebook.com/pages/Truth-in-Labeling-Campaign/114093959577?v=wall Pesticide https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1764160/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3955666/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21338670 Pesticide/ Organophosphate http://www.idph.state.il.us/Bioterrorism/factsheets/organophosphate.htm https://tools.niehs.nih.gov/srp/research/research4_s3_s5.cfm https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/clusters/Fallon/organophosfaq.htm Phosphate Additives https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22334826 Refined Flour http://www.wholevegan.com/refined_flour.html Sugar http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/106/4/523.full Toxic Chemicals http://www.ewg.org/research/under-new-safety-law-20-toxic-chemicals-epa-should-act-now Toxin Database https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov http://www.ewg.org/tap-water/whatsinyourwater/ND/CityofWestFargo/0900999/Dichloromethanemethylene-chloride/2964/

â&#x20AC;¢ 8. What HWFC Shall Not Knowingly Sell Artificial Preservatives & Additives http://www.ewg.org/research/ewg-s-dirty-dozen-guide-food-additives/food-additive-watch-list Food Coloring https://cspinet.org/protecting-our-health/food-safety/food-dyes PFC http://www.ewg.org/research/pfc-dictionary http://www.ewg.org/release/fda-bans-three-toxic-chemicals-food-wrapping-too-little-too-late PFOA http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/TF.asp?id=1116&tid=23

Food and Product Manual Adopted 1/29/17

http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/othercarcinogens/athome/teflon-and-perfluorooctanoic-acid-pfoa Potassium Sorbet http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887233309003853 Toxic Chemicals/ Teflon http://www.ewg.org/research/canaries-kitchen Tobacco http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/health_effects/effects_cig_smoking/

• 10. GMO Policy GMO http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/2010/03/genetically-modified-foods-the-consequences-of-agricultural-design/ #.WHq_g4VhpFU http://www.forbes.com/sites/bethhoffman/2013/07/02/gmo-crops-mean-more-herbicide-not-less/ #2fb9ffa6a371 http://www.northcoast.coop/ http://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/legacy/assets/documents/food_and_agriculture/rise-ofsuperweeds.pdf http://www.ewg.org/research/weed-killers-glass/chapter-1-health-effects-herbicides

• 11. Meat and Poultry Policy Meat http://animalwelfareapproved.org/

• 14.2 What HWFC Strives to Avoid in Body Care Products Body Care http://www.ewg.org/skindeep/myths-on-cosmetics-safety/ http://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/ProductsIngredients/Ingredients/ucm128250.htm Endochrine Disruptors http://www.ewg.org/research/dirty-dozen-list-endocrine-disruptors

Food and Product Manual Adopted 1/29/17

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Food and Product Manual Adopted 1/29/17