Paris Charlotte Chicago
Strata
Architecture2102 HoustonBurnette
Paris
Charlotte
Chicago
1
“Architecture has always been about levels in relation to the ground and the sky. ‘Up’ and ‘down’ have connotations that are symbolic, poetic, and emotional. The experience of being high, on top, above is different from being low, underground, beneath. And both are different from being on the ground.”
-Simon Unwin. Analyzing Architecture, 3rd Edition. New York: Routledge, (2009): 197.
Strata
Architecture2102 HoustonBurnette
2
Ste. Geneviève Bibliothèque Paris
4
Central Avenue Bookstore & Café
20
Marquette Building
32
Mapping Chicago シカゴの漫画
34
Pritzker Bicycle Coopertive
46
A library built in honor of the patron saint of Paris. The site is located adjacent to the Parthenon de Paris, and was constructed in 1851. This building exposed the use of wrought iron structure through archways and floor supports. A three week design charret in which individual components of a building: Entry, Vertical Circulation, and Facade were intocuced sequencially in which we were given a week to complete and move foward onto the next component of the Rare Bookstore Coffeeshop.
An early tall building in Chicago designed by Holabird and Roche. The Marquette building consisted of a department store and a few smaller vendors in the base and office spaces in the above floors. This building was clad in a terracotta, and became one of the defining examples of the Chicago School.
A graphic manga depicting myself and other sudent’s personal experiences and interation with the architecture and the urban environment during our tour to chicago. This sequence illustrates the reactions from specific individuals and the memories that develop within the context of the city.
A tall building in downtown Chicago occupying a corner site southeast of the intersection of Adams & Wasbash Chicago. This building serves the bicyclits of the metro area, offering bicycle storage, repair, and retal, as well as many other program requirements, within the context of dynamic site.
3
Ste. Geneviève Bibliothèque This project was a three week precedent study of the Sainte Geneviève Bibliothèque in Paris designed by Henri Labrouste. This building was one which was inspired by the drawings of Viollet Le Duc, and reinterpretted the industrial language of girders, beams and trusses, into the classical language of arches. These Wrought iron arches supported a very high ceiling in the reading room, allowing for large aperatures to let in large amounts of light, and high walls for the storage of books and documents. This precedent featured a deep entry from the street, and an dynamic vertical circulation component in which the individual and curves through a series of stairs and is pulled into the space above. Finally, this building’s facade reveals the lobby and stacks in the articulation of the base, as well as the reading room in the definition of the middle, and finally a cornice marking the highest portion of the empyrean above. This form of stratification is a reoccuring theme in the character of urban architecture.
4
Initial Thoughts
5
Bibliograophy and Prelimenary Diagrams
Houston Burnette
Bressani, Martin and Marc Grigon. “Henri Labrouste and the lure of the real: romanticism, rationalism, and the Bibliotheque Saint Genevieve.” Art history 28, no. 5 (November 2005). Pierre Saddy. Henri Labrouste: Architecte 1801 - 1875. Paris: Caisse Nationale des Monuments Historiques et des Sites. 1977. Van Zanten, David. Designing Paris: The Architecture of Duban, Labrouste, Duc, and Vaudoyer. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. 1987. Van Zanten, David. Nineteenth-Century French Government Architectural Services and the Design of the Monuments of Paris. Art Journal 48, no. 1 (Spring, 1989): 16-22.
Above: Coupe Longitudinale et Premieres equisses du comble.
Above: Assemblage de arcs. Left: Etage, Rez-de-chaussée, et Sous-sol. Pierre Saddy. Henri Labrouste: Architecte 1801 - 1875. Paris: Caisse Nationale des Monuments Historiques et des Sites. 1977. 41, 51 &40
6
7
Diagrams
This is my parti diagram in which I composed three primary concepts of the building in plan, the grid system, barriers to guide ciculation, and finally, the location of the structure. These diagrams established the basis for further diagraming of spaces and proportions in the building.
8
Here are the diagrams of, in order of approach and entry, spacial heirarchy and verticality, proportion systems, and finally a diagram analyzing the displacement of loads upon the double wrought iron arches in the reading room space. These diagrams provided a detailed sythesis of the relationships one begins to grasp within the orthographics.
Site Plan
9
Orthographics
Plan Fragment
10
Section thorugh Approach
11
12
Longitudinal Section
Cross Section
13
Structural Detail
14
15
Analytique
After completing our orthographics, we constructed an analytique combining different drawings and diagrams to make connections between plan and section simutaneously. These analytiques were partly inspired by the beaux arts tradition, but I overlayed and fragmented many of my orthographic representations.
16
17
Digital Fabrication Model
Finaly, a digital model of the precedent was created in which we analyzed a specific fragment from the building, and extracted sections to make many layers of a material that would come together to create a fragment. Below is one of nineteen layers to create this model.
18
19
Central Avenue Bookstore & CafÊ This project involved the use of a 28ft by 75ft site on the southwest corner of the intersection of Central and Thomas Avenue Charlotte North Carolina to design a multistory Cafe & Rare Bookstore during a three week period. Given the requirements of the program and complexity of the semi-urban site, during each week we addressed one aspect of the complete design. During the first week, we focused on entry at multiple scales, and from multiple circulation axes in the site to understand the way to articulate the condition of entry in to the building. In the second week we focused only on vertical circulation and enclosure, understanding the paths taken through the building after one has entered. Lastly, we looked at the building’s facade, and how the exterior surface can inform the concpetual interior relationships of the two previous components. This project was a challenging introduction into the complexity of an urban site and the ways in which one maintains the pre-existing atmosphere of the urban environment.
20
Diagrams
This is a diagram of the location of entry into my building along thomas street away from the higher foot traffic on Central. This move also allows one to enter my building aligned with the grain of the plan. In this diagram I am calling out a threshold space that exists above the entryway. It accends fifty feet to denote the heirarchy of that experience with the composition of the building’s geometry.
This is a ciculation diagram denoting the vertical circulation of people through my building on the first cafe floor, and the upper levels of the bookstore.
This final diagram illustrates the layered grid of the facade, which consists of a eight foot square grid with finer grid lines highlighting the center points.
21
Entry
These two perspectives were extracted from a digital model I constructed in which I was eager to explore the occupation and experience of my entry. In the perspective to the right, I am observing the entrance into the building as an object, and below I am looking up into the tall space. Later I will analyze the way in which I articulate these views so that one best grasps this concept of entry into a narrow building.
22
Vertical Circulation & Enclosure
This is a preliminary model adept for studying only eclosure and vertical circulation inside the building. In the photograph one can note the progession ftom the entry into the building and up the stairs into the upper level space where the bookstore program resides.
23
Facade & Synthesis
24
25
Orthographics
Site Plan
26
Site Sections
27
Orthographics
Plan
28
Longitudinal Section
29
Final Digital Model
This last exercise allowed us to design our entire project within the context of the site, and provide adequate detail to the facade, and the articulation of the entry, as well as providing a space to extract view of our building upon approach.
In this second image I tried to capture a view of my building from a building down the street, moments like these can encouge an architect to uncover the vast range of opportunities available within an urban environment.
30
31
1895
MARQUETTE BUILDING HOLABIRD & ROCHE
The marqette building is Holabird & Roche’s second skyscraper following the completion of the Chicago Building on West Madison Street. This building follows a fairly straight foward square plan on the bottom floor, and is converted to a u-shaped plan for the highrise offices. Image iii in this early photograph of the building, one can realize the begining of skyscraper typology by the absence of competition from nearby structures. the building was cladded with a deep orange teracota that has now turned brown due to years of decay.
Diagrams i, ii, & iii To the right are three diagrams of the bottom floor plan that illustrate vertical circulation, entry, and department store space. This group of digrams conveys the building’s activation of negative space through complex movement through and around element of vertical circulation.
Image i & ii Above are mosaics from the building’s interior illustrating events from the region’s early history, portraying ideas of faith, and commerce.
32
Drawing i Above is a plan of the buidling’s floating slab system which enabled the distribution of weight to be stepped down over the slope of the site.
HOUSTON BURNETTE
Diagram iv an elevation of the marquette building’s facade is diagramed to illustrate the horizontality of the building, expressed by the large number of vertical members expressed. In addition, this building is very vertical because of the way in which the supports are pulled from the surface of the facade.
33
Mapping Chicago シカゴの漫画 The following consists of a ten page four-panel graphic manga illustrating the experiences of specific individuals during our faculty guided tour of the city over our spring reprieve. The first two pages introduce the concept, mood, and environment of the story, while a other pages bring to life small events within our trip. One page in particular provides an on site detailed analysis of the block for our next project. Through a series of diagrams and perspectives I explore the site from different view points and investigate the multiple points of entry and exit into the site. Finally I consisder the presence of natural light and ambient noise affecting the lot. In conclusion, this exercise trained my awareness to the experiencial nature of the urban landscape and allowed me to capture metaphors unexplored in a typical review of the site in abstract representation. Below: view from the Hancock Center Chicago.
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
Pritzker Bicycle Cooperative In this project we were given an urban site at the intersection of Adams and Wabash, facing southeast, adjacent to the site is a very tall office building to the north across Adams, an historic music and arts building to the east, a parking lot to the south, and an elevated train over Wabash to the west. This site offeres many dynamic entry points from both sidewalks, pedestrians from the parking lot, and the L, as well as people and/or bicyclists from the crosswalks or a nearby busstop. The program of this building consists of a tripartite system in which groups of the program are stratified according to the people they serve: pedestrians, bicyclists or office staff. Two lobbies, Offices and repair shops make up the base of the building, over an acre of bicycle storage forms the shaft of the building, and a cafe and observation space define the capital of the building. Our interpretation of these components may honor or abstract the traditional column model of a tall building. The site as seen from the intersection.
46
Abstract Site Response
In the beginning of this project, after gathering our site data, groups of the studio constructed a 32nd scale physical model of the site which we used to put in models to achieve site context. Initially we combined our data from analyzing the site, and constructed a site response model that abstractly incorporated factors such as trafiic, regulating lines, and components of the program, each identified by a respective geometry in the language of the model.
47
First Sketches
48
site plan
1/8" = 1' - 0"
parti
Diagrams site section
1" = 100'
axes
implied space
composition
composition
composition
circulation
circulation
apporach
grid
parti
structure
composition
night facade
day facade
49
Site Model and Drawings
To the left are orthographics of the site at multiple scales, as well as site sections including the building design taken from the lines in section. On the right is my 32nd scale model for the Bicycle co-op, rendered to express the facade and components of vertical circulation.
site
site plan
1/8" = 1' - 0"
site section
50
axes
1" = 100'
51
Orthographics
c
a
basement
ground floor 1/8" = 1' - 0"
1/8" = 1' - 0"
b
upper level lobby
Plans and Section through the middle.
52
-Ground floor -Basement with workshops -Upper level lobby
-Office floors -Cafe -Roof terrace and observation space.
office
1/8" = 1' - 0"
1/8" = 1' - 0"
basement
ground floor 1/8" = 1' - 0"
1/8" = 1' - 0"
b
upper level lobby
office
cafe
section a
1/8" = 1' - 0"
1/8" = 1' - 0"
1/8" = 1' - 0"
roof terrace
1/8" = 1' - 0"
1/8" = 1' - 0"
53
Orthographics
west elevation
54
1/8" = 1' - 0"
section b
1/8" = 1' - 0"
section c
1/8" = 1' - 0"
north elevation 1/8" = 1' - 0"
55
Structure & Enclosure Articulation
To the left are sketches I conducted searching for the proper way to portray the surface of the building. As you can see I looked closely at the dimensions, proportion, and scale of the body and bike, in the ways in which they relate to the facade. To the right is a wall section revealing the nature of louvres within the layer ed facade, and there position relative the screen on the outer surface and glass on the inside. In addition notice the scale of these louvred walls, and the potential for the display of light within and from afar.
facade section
56
2" = 1'-0"
Below are three massing models in which I studied the best way to mass and enclose the building based on my concept of a shell, through which a cytlinder of light penetrates. Further Below is a detail model of my facade illustrating the operable louvres I developed to manipulate the way in which light enters and leaves the building at different parts of the day and year.
57
Rendering & Facade Material Representation
58
Final Model
59
Discoveries in Perspective
60
61