Synthetic or Natural Grafting for Microtia Reconstruction? A recent study compared the use of synthetic and natural grafting material for microtia reconstruction
Congenital deformities of the ear, referred to as microtia, could be manifest as an incomplete ear, anotia, or somewhat smaller ear. Choosing the right technique that can properly balance both function and aesthetics is important. According to a report, a new study by researchers at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, sought to compare ear reconstruction with synthetic materials and natural reconstructive materials to determine which method offered a better outcome. The researchers evaluated microtia reconstruction through a retrospective review of medical records documenting 36 cases over an 11year period. Ears were categorized on the basis of material used, namely, highdensity porous polyethylene and rib cartilage. The groups were compared with regard to factors such as age, number of operations necessary and treatmentassociated complications. Blinded observers scored ear features such as location, definition, shape, size, protrusion and color match. The study found that
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Patients in the polyethylene group were younger compared to those in the cartilage group. Also, they underwent only fewer operations (3.35 vs. 4.88 for the cartilage group)
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Significant improvements were noted for definition and size match for ears in the polyethylene group
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In the polyethylene graft group, complications such as infection and implant extrusion were observed for two ears
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Minor graft exposure was observed for one ear in the cartilage group even when there was no infection or extrusion
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When results were compared with polyethylene grafts, the cartilage group showed higher ratings for better location, color match, and protrusion results
The researchers concluded that neither synthetic graft material nor natural reconstructive material could claim superiority. Synthetic graft material may offer better aesthetic outcomes in respect of definition and size match, but with more risks for infection or extrusion. Rib cartilage showed better location, color match, and protrusion but with the limitation of more operations on average. Choosing the right surgeon for microtia surgery should be a priority. An experienced surgeon can perform a complete evaluation of your child’s condition, choose the right technique, and perform the surgery to provide optimal results.
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713-791-0700