The Chihuahua

LAST MONTH - THE TALLEST DOG IN THE WORLD, THIS MONTH - THE SMALLEST

Weighing between 900 grams and three kilograms, Chihuahuas are officially the smallest breed of dog in the world. Yet whilst their dimensions are small, they more than makeup for their size with their bravery and huge personalities. In short, they have no idea how tiny they are and, in no time at all, can be the 'largest' member of the household.

THE HISTORY OF THE CHIHUAHUA

The history and origins of the spunky little breed are a topic of some debate, but most agree the breed is one of the oldest in the world. A larger form of the Chihuahua, known as the Techichi, dates back to ancient Aztec and Maya civilisations. Techichi were the guardians of the afterlife and were highly revered by their people. These dogs were mummified alongside their owners as early as 300BC in the hopes that they would join them in the next world.

Explorers from all over the world entered these vast South American lands and took a shine to the Techichi. Pretty soon, these dogs were travelling back to the explorers' homelands and could be found across the globe.

DNA testing of the breed by the American Kennel Club confirms that the Chihuahua's most likely point of origin is in South America, as the hypothesised Techichi origins suggest. There are records of tiny, pointy-eared dogs (much smaller than the Techichi but sharing many physical

features) in Chihuahua, Mexico, in the early 1800s, suggesting these were some of the first true Chihuahuas as we know them today. Soon, these dogs were being sold across the border to American tourists. Though the breed didn't have an official name at this point, they quickly became popular. At this stage, they were named after the area where they were found, often called the Arizona Dog, Texas Dog, Mexico Dog, and of course, the Chihuahua Dog.

In the 1890s, opera singer Adelina Patti made the breed a household name as she toured with her canine companion, Bonito. Yet, the breed was only formally registered with the American Kennel Club in 1904. This versatile breed has been growing in popularity ever since.

A CHIHUAHUA OVERVIEW

Chihuahuas are toy breeds, small in size, and bred for companionship. They rarely weigh more than three kilograms but definitely make up for their small stature with a big dog personality. Chihuahuas come in both apple and deer head varieties and can have either long or short coats. Interestingly, like human babies, chihuahua puppies' skulls do not entirely close before birth. There is an open gap in their skulls called a fontanelle or moleras, which only closes as they get older. In some cases, the moleras don't ever close completely, even in adult Chihuahuas, though these dogs can live relatively normal lives regardless.

Despite their size, Chihuahuas are ranked as one of the

best watchdog breeds on the planet. They're extremely intelligent and alert and will be sure to sound the alarm at the slightest hint of an intruder. Their pricked ears, domeshaped head, and expressive eyes make them seem coy and harmless, but Chihuahuas are actually quite dominant personalities who require training to truly embrace their home lives. On the plus side, once you start training, you'll find Chihuahuas to be fast learners. They love to please and pick up basic commands very quickly.

LIVING WITH A CHIHUAHUA

Having a Chihuahua in your home can be likened to having a tiny Napoleon running around unless you instil boundaries at an early age. Though their diminutive stature makes them ideal for city living, Chihuahuas are active and intelligent dogs and will require a moderate amount of exercise. They're easily bored and enjoy advanced training and dog sports to keep their minds occupied.

Chihuahuas are comical, loyal, and personable but generally bond to one or two people and prefer to stay close to their chosen family. They can be affectionate but also have an independent streak and prefer to accept and give affection on their own terms.

They are truly tiny dogs, meaning they aren't necessarily suited to homes with small children, as they need to be handled with care. They're also susceptible to the cold and need to be monitored in the winter months to keep the trembling to a minimum.

The breed is generally vocal and likely to bark at the slightest provocation, but this works out well if you're looking for a watchdog. Chihuahuas can be snappy with strangers and children under ten if they feel threatened or unsure; this is a built-in defence mechanism to combat the fact that they're minuscule. Socialisation is a must for these little guys to prevent unnecessary snappiness later on.

CHIHUAHUA HEALTH

Chihuahuas are hardier than they look and have aboveaverage life spans, but like with all breeds, there are potential health risks to be aware of when you have a Chihuahua. Their tiny mouths can lead to dental issues and plaque build-up, making regular dental check-ups necessary. Loose knee joints, also known as luxating patellas, are common in toy breeds, so limit jumping off high surfaces as much as possible, especially during their formative years. Collapsing trachea due to their tiny necks can be an issue, so these little pocket rockets are better off in harnesses than collars when on lead. Regular heart check-ups with the vet are also advisable.

IS A CHIHUAHUA THE RIGHT DOG FOR YOU?

A Chihuahua could be the right dog for you if: • You're looking for a dog with a LOT of personality. • You prefer small breed dogs. • You're looking for a loyal and charming companion. • You have the time and dedication to socialise your dog with strangers. • You don't mind a bit of barking. • You can handle a dominant personality in a tiny package. • You're looking for a dog who's easy to carry, but be careful here! Chihuahuas need to learn they have legs and can fend for themselves. • You need a dog who is easy to train. • You want a dog to travel around with you. • You're looking for a long-time companion. • You want an alert watchdog in your home.

A CHIHUAHUA IS NOT THE RIGHT DOG FOR YOU IF:

• You have small children. • You want a robust dog to play rough with. • You don't have the time or the desire to monitor and supervise a fragile dog. • You don't have time for house training - these little guys can be very tough to house train. • Yapping annoys you. • You don't want to socialise and train your dog. • You live in an area where your neighbours are likely to complain about the noise. • You're away from home a lot and need a dog who can be left to his own devices.

FINAL THOUGHTS

Chihuahuas are literal bundles of joy. They're quirky, playful, and fun to be around; having one in your home means you have no choice but to smile. Though their dominant personality and particular brand of loudness aren't for everyone, they truly are like tiny lions, courageous and indomitable. In many ways, these bite-sized little nuggets are the perfect companions.