Dream Chaser Free-Flyer Mission Capabilities and Payload Opportunities John Roth, Neeraj Gupta, Christopher Allison PROPRIETARY: Sierra Nevada Corporation’s confidential and proprietary information may not be distributed or further disseminated without the express written permission of Sierra Nevada Corporation. Neither receipt nor possession of this data from any source constitutes such permission. WARNING: This document contains technical data that is subject to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) or the Export Administration Regulations (EAR). Export of this technical data to foreign persons or foreign entities inside or outside the United States requires prior written authorization by the U.S. Department of State or the U.S. Department of Commerce. Violations of these export regulations are subject to severe civil and criminal penalties.
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NASA Efforts in Commercialization of LEO •
5 Step Plan 1. 2. 3. 4.
Establishment of an ISS Commercial Use and Pricing Policy Enabling of Private Astronaut Missions Initiating a process for commercial development of LEO destinations Continuing to seek out and pursue opportunities to stimulate demand
5. Quantification of NASA’s long-term needs for activities in LEO Post-ISS end of life
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Many of these activities are utilizing an Omnibus BAA called NextSTEP-2 o Issuing Appendices under NextSTEP-2 BAA for individual procurements o Multiple parallel programs being initiated both for the push to a human lander mission in 2024 and for LEO Commercialization
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NextSTEP-2 Appendix K: Commercial Destination Development in LEO Free Flyer •
Synopsis released July 16 o
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Objectives 1. 2.
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Will request proposals from US commercial entities to enter into a public-private partnership to develop and demonstrate commercial destination technologies and markets in LEO Successfully develop commercial markets through demonstration of products and services in LEO in habitable commercial destinations Provide a plan to establish a long-term, sustainable, commercial, human spaceflight enterprise in LEO where NASA is one of many customers.
Acquisition Plan o o o
o
o o
Awarding of multiple IDIQ contracts with multiple phases executed by Task Orders Purchase data deliverables and insight to support demonstration of the Commercial Destinations in LEO and demonstration of commercial capabilities Down select to an awardee(s) to complete Design, Development, Test, and Evaluation (DDT&E) and deliver the Commercial Destination(s) to LEO in order to conduct a long-duration demonstration of commercial products and services ultimately leading to a self-sustaining Commercial Destination(s) to serve both NASA and non-NASA needs Hardware developed for this action will be fully owned and operated by the developer through completion of an industry partner/NASA spaceflight demonstration Release of Draft RFP “soon”. Industry forum approximately 2 weeks later. Final BAA September, award this year NASA budget for both Appendix I (ISS destination demo) and Appendix K is $561M (total for both) Sierra Nevada Corporation Proprietary—Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page. © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation
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THE DREAM CHASER® SPACECRAFT OVERVIEW
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Sierra Nevada Corporation’s Space Systems Business Area A Legacy of Flight Heritage and Innovation
Proven Experience •
30 years of spaceflight heritage
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450 space missions supported
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4,000 products delivered on-orbit
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Launching products ~every 3 weeks
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70+ successful NASA missions
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Supplier to nearly all flagship and interplanetary NASA missions
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Providing cargo services to the International Space Station under NASA resupply contract
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Space Systems Redefining how we explore and utilize space through the development of high performance, innovative space components and systems. Space Exploration Systems NASA Commercial Cargo Services Crewed Missions Deep Space Habitat Science, Servicing, Remote Sensing, Exploration Support Recovery Systems Upper Stages/Payload Space Technologies Pointing and Motion Control Adapters and Separation Systems Thermal Control Berthing and Docking Electro-Mechanical Spacecraft Systems Constellation Mission Design and Satellite Production RF Applications Small Geo Satellites ESPA Compatible Near-space Systems Earth Observation Propulsion and Environmental Systems Upper Stages and Launch Propulsion In-space Propulsion Systems Advanced ECLSS Development Bio Production Systems
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Space Exploration Systems Space Transportation & Space Missions
Habitats & Landing Systems
Crewed & Uncrewed Dream Chaser Space Vehicle
Credit: NASA
• • • • •
Cargo Services to ISS Science Servicing Observation Exploration Support
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Dream Chaser Space Vehicle • Only runway-landing Space Vehicle actively in development • Capable of landing at spaceports and airports that can accommodate large commercial planes Credit: NASA
• Crewed or uncrewed transportation to and from LowEarth Orbit (LEO)
Crewed Dream Chaser
• Non-toxic propulsion for launch abort, orbital translations, attitude control, deorbit • < 1.5g re-entry profile and >1,500 km cross-range capability • Designed to launch on a variety of launch vehicles
Uncrewed Dream Chaser Sierra Nevada Corporation Proprietary—Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page. © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation
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History: Dream Chaser Program •
1982-84: ½ scale Russian BOR-4 orbital flights •
Recovery photographed by Australian Royal Air Force P-3 Orion aircraft
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1983-95: NASA Langley development of HL-20 (based on BOR-4 images)
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2005-10: SpaceDev (later acquired by SNC) modified the HL-20 into the Dream Chaser spacecraft
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2010-14: SNC awarded NASA’s CCDev 1, CCDev2, CCiCap and CPC contracts to continue development
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2014-15: SNC modified the Dream Chaser spacecraft to become the Dream Chaser Cargo System for NASA’s CRS2 program
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2016: SNC awarded ISS Cargo Resupply Contract
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2017: Successful Approach and Landing Test Credit: NASA
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NASA CRS2 Program Cargo Up to Space Station, Disposal and Rapid Cargo/Science Return
Mission Flexibility: 10+ day on-orbit loiter for pre-docking checks and phasing Mission Capability: Propulsion used for ISS dock/undock, deorbit, entry and ISS reboost
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CRS2 Concept of Operations (Video)
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Spacecraft Capability Specifications - CRS2 Baseline Uncrewed Dream Chaser (UDC) Pressurized Cargo Pressurized Cargo Storage Powered Payload Capabilities
Pressurized/Unpressurized Upmass: Pressurized Return: Pressurized Disposal: Unpressurized Disposal:
5,500 kg 1,925 kg 3,250 kg 1,500 kg
UDC P/L Power (28V) CM internal P/L Power CM external P/L (120V)
450 W 0W 450 W
UDC internal cargo (CTBE) volume CM internal cargo (CTBE) volume CM external cargo combined volume
6.8 m³ 8.2 m³ 5.2 m³
Cargo Module (CM) Pressurized and Unpressurized Cargo
Unpressurized Cargo Storage (FRAM / Direct Mount)
Pressurized Cargo Storage
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Dream Chaser Orbital Vehicle in Production
Orbital Vehicle Pressure Test Article (PTA) for modal testing Sierra Nevada Corporation Proprietaryâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page. Š 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation
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Dream Chaser Cargo System Progress Flight Heat Shield and Flight Cargo Module Inner Structure Complete
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Dream Chaser Cargo System Progress Full Scale Mockups Utilized for Cargo Packing Demonstrations at Louisville CO
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Dream Chaser Atmospheric Flight Test Vehicle at NASA’s Armstrong Flight Research Center
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SNC Dream Chaser: A Salute to the Past NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center: 40 Years of Flight Testing
Shuttle Enterprise 1977
Credit: NASA
Dream Chaser 2017
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Making Space History
NASA’s Space Shuttle Enterprise
Final Flight October 26, 1977
First Flight SNC’s Dream Chaser engineering test article
October 26, 2013
Second Flight November 11, 2017
All images credit: NASA
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Dream Chaser Landing Capability •
Low-toxicity fluid commodities to enable runway landings around the world o Can land at any runway that supports a B737 or A320 aircraft
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Basic runway landing o Nominal 3,000 meter o >1,000 nmi cross-range capability
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Tri-landing gear configuration o Two main landing gears with wheels o One nose landing gear with a nose skid
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Licensing and approval must be in place before a landing
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Dream Chaser Impact on Local Airspace
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FREE-FLYER MISSION OVERVIEW
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Mission Concept of Operations
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Mission Assumptions • • • •
•
Targeting a 500km circular orbit Between 0 – 35 degrees inclination ~3 weeks on orbit Some payloads can be supported with late load operations, but the majority of payloads will be integrated weeks/days before launch The mission is uncrewed. Payloads will need to be autonomous – –
• •
Commands can be sent to the payloads periodically from the ground All data will be recorded and downlinked as available
Launch vehicle and launch site undecided Landing site undecided
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PAYLOAD TYPES SUPPORTED ON FREE-FLYER DREAM CHASER MISSIONS Sierra Nevada Corporation Proprietary—Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page. © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation
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Payload Types •
Dream Chaser can support a variety of Payloads on this mission: o o o o
Internal Powered Payloads – Return Internal Powered Payloads - Disposal Internal Unpowered Payloads - Return External Payload Deployment CubeSats Micro Satellite
o External Power Payloads - Disposal
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What is a Powered Locker?
• Often referred to as a Middeck locker (From Shuttle heritage) and interface with an express rack • Come in a verity of sizes; Single, Double, and Quad
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Internal Powered Payloads – Return •
Powered Payload Lockers o Single, Double or Quad
•
• • Powered Payloads inside the Dream Chaser
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Payload returned to Earth in the Dream Chaser Data recorded and downlinked Commanding available
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Advanced Plant Habitat
Credit: NASA
Credit: NASA
Plant growth in Plant Habitat Engineering Development Unit
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Plant Habitat (PH) Installed in EXPRESS Rack 5 on ISS in 2017 o
PH is quad-locker payload designed for mounting in ISS EXPRESS Rack
o o
PH will be largest plant growth chamber yet developed for ISS The PH design is open architecture Allow critical subsystems to be removed and replaced on-orbit Accommodate future updates for custom applications PH contains more than 188 sensors in baseline configuration PH designed to facilitate interaction between crew on-orbit or scientists on the ground with plant specimens and their environment
o o
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GreenWall – Apply Space Food Production on Large Scale for Extended Missions
GreenWall LongDuration Application
Plant Modules within GreenWall Section
Prototype for Test & Evaluation Sierra Nevada Corporation Proprietary—Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page. © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation
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Internal Powered Payloads - Disposal •
Powered Payload Lockers o Single or Double
•
• •
Payload disposed in the CM on reentry Data recorded and downlinked Commanding available
Powered Payloads inside the Cargo Module (CM) Sierra Nevada Corporation Proprietary—Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page. © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation
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Internal Unpowered Payloads - Return •
Unpowered Payload o Varying bag sizes
•
• • Unpowered Payload inside the Dream Chaser
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Payload returned to Earth in the Dream Chaser No data recorded or downlinked Good for passive experiments that need exposure to microgravity
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External Power Payloads - Disposal •
External Powered Payload on the CM
Externally Mounted Payload o Integrate on a standard plate
•
• • •
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28V or 120V power available Payload disposed on the CM during reentry Data recorded and downlinked Commanding available
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External Payload Deployment – CubeSats • • • •
Externally Mounted deployer Payload Deployed onorbit No data recorded and downlinked CubeSats launched in an ‘off’ mode
Externally Mounted CubeSat Deployer on the Cargo Module
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External Payload Deployment – Micro-Satellite Externally Mounted Micro-Satellite on the CM
• • • •
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Externally Mounted Micro-Satellite Payload Deployed onorbit No data recorded and downlinked Micro-Satellite launched in an ‘off’ mode
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Launch Vehicle Integration and Payload loading Options
• •
Majority of Payloads will be integrated at L-7 days Opportunities to integrate at L-24 hours while on the pad
LV Integration Platform (L-24)
L-7 day Payload Integration
DCCS Integration on the LV Sierra Nevada Corporation Proprietary—Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page. © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation
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PAYLOAD INTERFACES AND DRAFT USER’S GUIDE
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Payload User’s Guide •
•
Currently in draft form and will be further developed as mission details solidify Final version will be released with mission Opportunity
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General Content of the User’s Guide
• Pressurized Payload and Cargo Interfaces o o o o o
• • • • • •
Structural and Mechanical Power Thermal/Fluid Communication and Data Emergency Caution and Warning
Loads and Environments Payload Orientations Externally Mounted Payloads Satellite Deployments Ground operations Safety consideration Sierra Nevada Corporation Proprietary—Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page. © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation
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Internal Powered Payloads (Dream Chaser & Dream Chaser with Cargo Module) Name
Outside Dimensions – LxWxH in (cm)
Maximum Mass lbm (kg)
Power (W)
Single Locker
20.32 x 18.125 x 10.757 (51.6 x 46.0 x 27.3)
72 (32.66)
150
140 (63.50)
300
Double Locker
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Multiple locker orientations available depending on final manifest o
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Size and frequency determined based on final manifest (targeting 1GB per day per Payload)
Variety of thermal control options available per flight: o
•
Variety of launch and reentry loads
Commanding and data recording available to each payload o
•
21.06 x 18.12 x 21.88 (53.5 x 46.0 x 55.6)
Forced air, liquid cooling, payload fans (“Front breathers”)
Options to integrate multiple payloads into a locker Sierra Nevada Corporation Proprietary—Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page. © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation
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Internal Unpowered Payloads (Dream Chaser)
•
Name
Outside Dimensions – LxWxH in (cm)
Maximum Mass lbm (kg)
Power (W)
Single CTB
19.75 x 16.75 x 9.75 (50.2 x 42.5 x 24.8)
60 (27.24)
0
Multiple CTB orientations available depending on final manifest o Variety of launch and reentry loads
• • • •
Commanding and data recording not provided The CTB may contain small electronics and lowenergy batteries provided by the developer No active thermal control This option is for any passive experiments that need exposure to microgravity but not resources on orbit
0.5- Half
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1.0- Single/Full
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Notional Payload Layout
Note: Not all Payload slots depicted will fly on the same mission Sierra Nevada Corporation Proprietary—Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page. © 2019 Sierra Nevada Corporation
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Dream Chaser Free-Flyer Mission ®
Thank you Questions?
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