URBAN DESIGN & PlANNING PORTFOLIO HYOKYUNG RYU Master of City Planning Student University of California, Berkeley
CONTENTS
[ PROJECT ONE ]
URBAN FABRIC ANALYSIS
[ PROJECT TWO ]
GIS ANALYSIS
[ PROJECT THREE ]
TERRANOVA PROJECT
3
Morphological analysis on Temescal in Oakland, CA
13
Team project with Liana Arnold, investigating on potential of mobile food vending buisnesses in Oakland, CA
14
Pohang Comprehensive Plan for 2030 TERRANOVA PROJECT is one year collaborate project with professional urban designers from two different firms. As a capstone work to finish Urban design and planning program in Hongik University, we created a comprehensive plan for Pohang City, South Korea as well as neighbor hood plans.
[ PROJECT FIVE ]
JINJU CITY CONTEST
27
Regeneration Plan for City Jinju city is planning to build new town to decentralized the population around the capital city. To revitalize the old town of City of Jinju , new street design is planned to make a link between old and new towns.
[ PROJECT SIX ]
HONGIK UNIV CONTEST
29
Communication with Surrounding As Hongik University resolved the space shortage by helping move elementary, middle and high school out of the campus which were collocated with Hongik University before, various space become facilitated. With this issue, this project is to make 'a new landmark' of the University to form a strong community which not only students and school personnel but local residents communicate through.
[ PROJECT ONE ] - URBAN FABRIC ANALYSIS MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS Single project for Urban Form and Theory class Instructor: Professor Elizabeth Macdonald
TEMESCAL
LEGEND
01. CONTEXT MAP - TEMESCAL IN OAKLAND 0
2,500
5,000
10,000
15,000
Street 20,000 Feet
Freeway Park
LEGEND
02. BUILT FORM 0
375
750
Building Footprint 1,500
2,250
3,000 Feet
LEGEND
03. ROAD NETWORK 0
375
750
Roads 1,500
2,250
3,000 Feet
LEGEND
04. LAND USE 0
375
750
1,500
2,250
3,000 Feet
Park and Openspace Community Commercial Institutional
Mixed Housing Type Neighborhood Center Residential
LEGEND
05. TOPOGRAPHY 0
375
750
25m contour 1,500
2,250
3,000 Feet
LEGEND
06. RESTAURANTS AND BARS 0
375
750
Restaurants or Bars 1,500
2,250
3,000 Feet
Commercial District
07. TEMESCAL HISTORY As Temescal’s boundaries have shifted over time, its district and surrounding neighborhoods of North Oakland have been substantially influenced by big changes, such as the rise and fall of the electric inter-urban Sacramento Northern Railway and the development of the Grove-Shafter Freeway in the late 1950s and 1960s.
1) Historical Map in 1877
3) Historical Map in 1951
2) Historical Map in 1912
4) Present Map
FREEW AY AN D
BART
08. SEPERATED NEIGHBORHOOD - TEMESCAL
Constructing the Grove-Shafter Freeway devided Temescal neighborhood into two, which include tiny block. Around the high-elevated freeway, housings are under poorer conditions compared to other blocks’ housings far from the freeway. After construction of the freeway, many people moved to Temescal. With new people moving to Temescal, new restaurants and shops are located along the Telegraph Avenue. In addition, BART line was constructed with the freeway, which attract more visitors from outside to Temescal. Opposed to the right part of Temescal, neighborhood living in the left part of Temescal (exactly, left side of the freeway) have not had dramatic changes. When I visit there, the neighborhood was quite and empty.
09. PLAN AND AXONOMETRIC
This plan and axonometric drawing show housing in Temescal
Main commercial street and Temescal Alley are one of the most popular places in Temescal
Resturants along the Telegraph Ave
Typical Housings on the 49 th street
Temescal Alley on the 49th street
10. TEMESCAL WITH LYNCH'S PERFORMANCE DIMENSIONS
Temescal is the neighborhood that not only has an affluent history but also is continually changing. To discuss whether it is successful or not, Kevin Lynch’s performance dimensions are used to investigate more about the Temescal.
land designated the district along the Telegraph Ave as Neighborhood Center Mixed Use. in the so-called “the commercial heart of the Temescal” between the MacArthur BART Station and 51st Street, there are many shops like popular Ethiopian and Korean restaurants.
residents were able to mix it up with those immigrants and new employees. Now they are coming together as one community.
Sense Over the course of its long existence, Temescal has generated many landmarks such as Temescal pool, studio art center, Lusk Cannery, and A Little Italy. Those landmarks give its visitors a “sense of place” in this unique neighborhood. Moreover, City of Oak-
In addition to Temescal’s physical characteristic, despite the ambiguity of the neighborhood’s boundary, residents in Temescal put an effort on building upon the sense of community. Such a major example is “Temescal Telegraph BID” (Business Improvement District). Commercial and residential property owners along Telegraph Avenue and adjoining areas voted to form a special benefits assessment district along Telegraph Avenue. This BID is attempting to make more pedestrian-friendly street for its residents and attract new shoppers.
Morphological analysis shows that Temescal has been changing and it is identifiable, manipuable and accessible neighborhood. Also, it is well-connected with other neighborhoods and conducive to development. We can learn how physical changes in Temescal and land use plan affect one neighborhood. However, at the same time, we should be cautious anout the impacts of the development of commercial district (mixed-use) and rising housing prices due to growing immigrants on poor people around the temescal.
Temescal/Telegraph BID 2015 Management Plan
Conclusion
Access Temescal has a good accessibility for people, activities, resources and places. As for non-auto transit, the MacArthur BART station is eight blocks away, and the Rockridge station is 10 blocks. Plus, public bus lines – 1, 1R, 12, 51A, 851, 31, and 57 – and several bike lines pass through the Temescal area. These lines enable Temescal to be linked with Berkeley and downtown Oakland, which attract people from outside the neighborhood. However, living in Temescal sounds hard for people who have low or even mid-income. As a boarder of freeway and BART line, housings in the right part of Temescal neighborhood are very expensive and in fact, residents’ income is relatively high. Rent prices for housings in Temescal are costly as well.
Data Source - Digital Sanborn Maps (http://vm136.lib.berkeley.edu/ EART/sanborn.html) - Sanborn Maps can be used to digitize building foot prints - US Census, TIGER (https://www.census.gov/geo/ maps-data/data/tiger.html) - USGS, The National Map Viewer (http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/launch/) - California Department of Transportation (http://www. dot.ca.gov/hq/tsip/gis/datalibrary/) - the Alameda County website (http://www.acgov.org/ government/geospatial.htm) - City-wide Zoning Map (http://www2.oaklandnet.com/ oakca1/groups/ceda/documents/report/oak053713. pdf )
Fit When it comes to fit, one of Lynchian standard, the neighborhood has been successful. After constructing Grove-Shafter Freeway and BART line, new immigrants have moved in Temescal. To be specific, from the south part of Oakland, Korean town spilled into the neighborhood, especially commercial district, and long-term
Reference 1. Kitty Luce. (2011, October 28). Temescal. Retrieved March 2, 2016, from http://www.sfgate.com/ neighborhoods/eb/temescal/ 2. Norman, J., & Shared Ground (Oakland, C. . (2006). Temescal legacies: narratives of change from a North Oakland neighborhood. Oakland, Calif.: Shared Ground.
[ PROJECT TWO ] - GIS ANALYSIS GIS ANALYSIS ON POTENTIAL OF MOBILE FOOD VENDING BUSINESSES IN OAKALND Scenario: In January 2016, the City of Oakland unveiled a proposal for a new mobile food policy that would greatly expand opportunities to mobile food truck vendors. The following project examines the potential for mobile food vending buisnesses in Jack London Square. FLOW CHART
- SUITABILITY ANALYSIS
Our analysis is broken into 4 main steps:
constraints 3) SUITABILITY ANALYSIS - Five constraints - Four opportunities
2) GEOCODING - Current food truck permits - Our new site
1) DATA COLLECTION - Class data - Government
layer crime rate slope reasturants school low population density
buffer 500’ > 20% 100’ 500’
weight -1 -1 -1 -1
1/4mile
-1
opportunites
4) NETWORK ANALYSIS - Service area analysis - Location allocation (maximize attendance)
- FREQUENT ANALYSIS
layer buffer permitted street 100’ public park 1/4 mile transportation 500’ access high population 1/4 mile density
FINDINGS! `
weight +1 +1 +1 +1
- NETWORK ANALYSIS Service Area Analysis • Impedence: Minutes time (1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6) • Supply: Study neighborhood and existing food trucks
LEGEND Piedmont SUTABILITY -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Location Allocation: Maximize Attendence • Demand: Census Blocks weighted by population ages 18 - 44 • Supply: Current Food Trucks weighted by the number of food trucks in one site and study neighborhood CONCLUSION
!
! !
!
! !
^
!
!
!
!
! !
!
! !
LEGEND Food Truck Permits 1/4 mile buffer 1 2 3-4 5-6 7 - 13
^
^
! LEGEND Oakland (OUT OF SERVICE) study site existing food trucks SERVICE AREA (MIN) 5-6 4-5 3-4 2-3 1-2 0-1
LEGEND Oakland NETWORK study site lines from demands census block centroid existing food trucks
Overall, our study area appears to be suitable for new mobile food vendors. In fact, as our suitability analysis shows, many other areas in the city seem ideal. That said, while our analysis shows that many places in Oakland are potential sites, further analysis would be warranted to determine if these opportunity sites are in fact, optimal sites for future mobile food businesses.
[ PROJECT THREE ] - CITY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN + ZONING URBAN ZONING
[ TERRANOVA PROJECT ] POHANG CITY NEEDS NEW GROWTH POWER Pohang Comprehensive Plan for 2030
Pohang, South Korea
Shanghai, China
Singapore, Singapore
Tokyo, Japan
STREET
Pohang-Si, Gyeong Sangbuk-Do, South Korea Cooperator : Hyung-Ye Kim Contribution : Concept 80%, Deisgn 50%, Analysis 60% Core Contribution : Stie Analysis and Masterplan Design
1) POHANG COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 2030 Urban Structure for 2030
ONE EXPANDED Center ONE Subcenter : Oh-cheon SIX local focuses : 3 logistic points, 3 tourist industrial points
The Current Land Use
Legend boundary housing commercial industrial controlled preserved water
0 km
2.5 km
park preserved open highway trunk road local rail road
5 km
10 km
2) THE GIS ANALYSIS OF URBAN GIS analysis was conducted to find the suitable area for Pohong City's new Comprehensive plan for 2030. We gathered natural resources and social resources data, and suitability analysis was conducted based on them.
Natural Resources Altitude Analysis
Under 5 5 - 10 10 - 15 15 - 20 20 - 25 Over 25
Slope Analysis
Under 100 100 - 200 200 - 300 300 - 400 400 - 500 Over 500
Aspect Analysis
N/A North North east East South east South South west West North west North
Socail Resources Urban Facilities
Transportation Public Space Public Cultural Logistic Public Environmental Medical Sanitary Damage Prevention Other Basic
Water Sources
Suitability Analysis District (Specially Assigned)
Aesthetic Residential Development Preservation High_Altitude Fire FacilityProtection
Zoning (bigger level)
Urban Area Agriculture Area Management Area
Suitable
Natural Environment Conservation area
Unsuitable
3) THE SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF URBAN The Problem of Urban Structure
The Current Urban Structure ONE Center
The present Pohang city is planned to develop both
TWO Subcenter
vertical and horizontal axises through two subcenter
: HeungHae, Oh-cheon
and three local focuses.
THREE local focuses
However, POSCO, the biggest industry complex
: Gi-gye, Kuryungpo, ChengHa
in Pohang city, is severing a link between center
POSCO
and subcenter. In addition, center is not enough to accommodate population growth, and Heung-Hae has become bed town for commuters.
The Process of Building Urban Structure Stage 01 Bed town for housing
Stage 02 Extention of the downtown
Stage 03 The hub of logistic industry
Stage 04 Tourist industry from natural sources
Stage 05 Conservation and Coast tour
Transportation System INNER ROAD
HIGHWAY
PORT & AIRPORT
TRAIN STATION (KTX)
- 5 National highways - 2 local roads
1. Kikye-New bay 2. Ulsan - Pohang 3. Yung-il bay
1. Yung-il bay 2. Pohang Old 3. Pohang New 4. Gu-Ryung Po
1. Chung-Ha 2. KTX Pohang 3. Pohang 4. Hyo-Ja
4) WEAKNESS AND THREATHEN Where is Pohang City ?
1) Biased Industrial Structure Current Land Use
SOUTH KOREA
Landuse
Area(Km2)
Percent(%)
Housing
35,312
11.98
Commercial
4,902
1.66
Industry
28,697
9.74
Green
225,842
76.62
Total
294,753
100.00
POSCO 1,2,3, 4 COMPLEX POSCO has an ability to yield around 2,800 ton STEEL-BASED PRODUCTS, which are based on Pohang iron works. POHANG
2) Crisis of steel industry in South Korea Rapidly Growth of China
Russia
The steel industry in China has developed over several decades into the world biggest. China accounted for over 50% of world steel production in 2013.
Japan South Korea China
India
India 10.85% 11.32% 4.7% -1%
Russia 11.86% 10.74% 0.23% 0.97%
China 8.02% 7.86% 8.43% 2.48%
South Korea 3.3% 3.2% -0,1% -2.8%
Japan 11.86% 10.74% 0.23% 0.97%
Apparent steel consumption (kg per capita)
Pohang is a city in North Gyeong Sang Province, South Korea and the main seaport in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk region. The built-up area of Pohang is located on the alluvium of the mouth of the Hyeongsan River. The city is divided into two wards(gu). Northern or Southern Ward. This city has the largest population of North Gyeongsang Province and it has the 3rd largest land area of any city(si) in South Korea. Specifically, this city is an enterprise city based on POSCO for steel industry. To compare with other cities in Korea, its industrial area is broader and specialized. Because of those specialility, POHANG was able to be one of the largest industiral cities in Korea. However, the biased industrial structure and recent rapid growth of Chinese companies are are threatening Pohang City itself.
800
Czech Republic
70 0
Japan
600
Canada
China Turkey
500
Thailand 300
Ukraine 200
India
Spain South Korea
South Africa 10,000
United States
Poland
100
0
Germany
Russia
400
20,000
France China
Greece 30,000
GDP per capita
40,000
50,000
60,000
[ PROJECT THREE ] - CITY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN + ZONING
[ ZONING -
CORE | BLUE PRINT
]
1. CORE PROJECT - TRANSIT COMPLEX + MICE INDUSTRY Heung-Hae eup, Pohang-Si, Gyeong Sangbuk-Do, South Korea Area : 78.07ha Cooperator : Hyung-Ye Kim Contribution : Concept 50%, Deisgn 80%, Analysis 70% Core Contribution : Masterplan Design
2. BLUE PRINT PROJECT - TOURIST INDUSTRY | MAN-MADE ISLAND Buk-gu, Pohang-Si, Gyeong Sangbuk-Do, South Korea Area : 138.04ha Cooperator : Hyung-Ye Kim Contribution : Concept 50%, Deisgn 80%, Analysis 70% Core Contribution : Masterplan Design
5) CORE PROJECT MASTER PLAN
URBAN
E
K D
ZONING
I
H
J
STREET
F
C
B
Legend A
A. KTX B. Transit Complex C. Commercial D. Convention Center E. Hotel F. Sculpture Park G. Business Park H. Open Space I. Parking Tower J. Observatory K. SPA
G
N
0
100
300
6) CORE - MICE, TRANSIT, CONVENTION Bridge System KTX (Korean Train eXpress) must be one of the most powerful and convenient transportation systems in South Korea. Thus, the city should prepare how to accommodate commuters and pedestrians. Bridge System is planned to connect main facilities like commercial, convention center and so on.
CONVENTION CENTER
PARKING LOT
SCULPTURE PARK
MOUNTAIN
COMMERCIAL
SCULPTURE PARK
+
COMMERCIAL COMPLEX
+
CONVENTION CENTER
+
KTX STATION
7) TRANSPORTATION PLAN Vehicle System - Circulation
Bird's-eye view
Parking Lot
Pedestrian (Green) Plan
Public Transportation Plan
8) BLUE PRINT PROJECT MASTER PLAN
J I
K
G H
A
F
Legend
C E
B
A. Transit Center B. Concert Hall C. Commercial D. Cruise E. Hotel F. Sculpture Park
G. Water Park H. Marina I. Residential J. Robot Design Center K. Submarine Park
N
D
0
150
300
9) FRAMEWORK STRATEGIES Decentralized City ( Jean-Paul Faguet. 2005) Development Process
District plan
Circulation (Monorail + Main Road)
Inflow of People (Central Function)
- Decentralization : Each factors can connect with each other - Uniformity : No hierarchical compositions
Robot Design Center
Submarine Park
Housing
Transit Center
Free Passage (Planned for Connecting)
Marina
Concert Hall
Hotel + Beach
Cruise
Concept FUN
WATER
PEDESTRIAN
Step1. Monorail (Off center)
Step2. Pedestrian Various Entertainment
Waterfront City
Green network to connect Facilities
Urban - Blueprint Think how to enjoy every urban structure in one man-made city, and draw a real image.
Step3. Green Network
Hwan-ho Park
Sub-Marine Park
Transit Center Concert Hall
Robot Design Park Water Park East.
Water Park North. Lake
Commercial Beach Resont Water Park South.
Cruise Hotel
Casino
Steel Art Park
Marina Club Sea Side Residence
10) BLUE PRINT - TOURIST INDUSTRY Transportation System 1. Main Road Main roads from downtown do not connect to the man-made island to keep the leisure town independent.
2. Transfer Center Transfer Center serve as parking lots and transfer stations from main roads to inner facilities like commercial and department store.
3. Ring Road (Circulation) In order to perform a function as a leisure town, all facilities should be connected with each other, which strengthens the Ring road's necessity.
- Controlling traffic for housing Housing complex for the rich to use yacht need another route.
[ STREET PLAN - CITY OF JINJU | UNIV PLAN ] [ PROJECT FIVE ] - JINJU CITY CONTEST SITE PRESERVATION & REGENERATION Insadong, Jinju-si, Gyeong Sangnam-Do, South Korea Area : 1.5 ha Length : around 650m Cooperator : Lim ha-neul, Jeong jae-woo, Yun Yeon-soo Contribution : Concept 90%, Deisgn 60%, Analysis 60% Core Contribution : Masterplan Design
[ PROJECT SIX ] - HONGIK UNIV CONTEST HONGIK UNIVERSITY - CAMPUS DESIGN Hongik Univ., Sangsu-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Korea Area : 98 ha Cooperator : Cho hye-jin, Kim so-yeon, Lee gwang-jun Contribution : Concept 50%, Deisgn 60%, Analysis 40% Core Contribution : Masterplan Design
[ COMMUNICATION BETWEEN OLD AND NEW ]
JINJU CITY STREET PLAN
Theme1: Modern Site
Site Analysis Jinju city is planning to build New town to decentralize the population around the capital city. For this reason, the spill of the old urban population into the suburbans has been accelerated. In order for revitalizing the old town of Jinju city threatened as donut pattern, five types of theme streets is planned to attract existing people into SITE.
A,B and C will be planned as a concept of Modern style, which are Mini Jinju park imitating Structure of Jinju City, Outdoor Stage in the forest and Modern ligting Square.
Part A - Mini Jinju Park
Part B - Outdoor Stage in the Forest
Part C - Modern Lighting Square
Part D - Central Square
Old Town JinJu Castle
Music Fountain
New Town
Part B - Outdoor Stage in the Forest Parking Lot Hill
Historical Site (Kimhae tablet) Nurse-Tree
Parking Lot
[ PROJECT 5 - STREET MASTER PLAN OF JINJU CITY ] 3. Openspace Road
2. Forest Road
G
4. Walkable Road
E
5. Doldam road
F
D
H Part G - New Millennium Road
C
1. Arle Road (Arle : Knowing something in Korea)
CONVERGENCE OF LIGHT IN JINJU : JINJU(which means Pearl in Korean)
B A
Theme2: Traditional Site Jinju Castle represents Jinju City because it is selected as a historic sitea where people should visit when they are in South Korea by CNN. E,F,G and H can help Old town connect with New town by drawing people.
Part E - Traditional Lighting Square
Part F - Sky View Zone
Part H - Entrance / Photo Zone
[ PROJECT SIX - HONGIK UNIVERSITY MASTER PLAN ] HI Feeling :) 0 10 20
As Hongik University resolved the space shortage by helping move elementary, middle and high school out of the campus which were collocated with Hongik University before, various space become facilitated. With this issue, I was planning to make 'a new landmark' of the University to form a strong community which not only students and school personnel but local residents communicate through.
50
100
200(m)
A. Landmark Building(Corn) B. Parkslope Building C. Fountain Square D. Underground Path E. Main Square F. Fountain Small Square G. Vertical Path H. Horizon Path I. Water Path J. New Dorm K. Square of New Dorm
C H I
A
B G
E F
D
K
J
SPECIFIC PLANS 1st. Landmark
Horn is embodied as main landmark in that cow is the character of Hongik University, which get places to be individual
2nd. Communication
By demolishing the wall which was barrier between building called T and other private buildings front of university, piloti structure is made to enable people to pass from inside to outside through underground path
3rd. Convenience
Garuanteeing vertical walk could improve conveneince of pass as a way to resolve lack of vertical path and inconvenience of harsh slope
4th. Underground Path
Section A-A' 1. Art museum that strengthen the image of Honigk University
Section B-B' 2. Providing for parking space for visitors by expanding undergroudn parking lot
3. Building artspace for local residents by connecting with art museum
4. Supplement of study rooms where was lacked