Test 1 Listening

Part 3

In this part, you will hear two segments from a radio program. After each segment, you will hear six questions about it. Before each segment begins, you will have time to preview the questions that are printed in the test booklet. You will hear each segment twice. Then you will hear the questions once. If you want to, you may take notes in your booklet as you listen. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet, not in the test booklet. You should mark A, B, or C.

Do you have any questions?

Segment 1

Look at the questions. Then listen to the first segment.

39. What effect does the body's microbiome have on health?

a. It influences how easily people get sick.

b. It helps the body fight off outside bacteria.

c. It aids in digestion and other bodily processes.

40. What is said to be the healthiest type of indoor environment?

a. one which is free of bacteria and fungi b. one which contains a variety of microbes c. one which matches the human microbiome a. Healthy microbes are circulated through the environment. b. Human-associated microbes develop in large concentrations. c. Air filters remove healthy microbes, along with unhealthy ones. a. They help improve air quality. b. They often lack effective filters. c. They increase health risks to humans. a. how indoor environments become unhealthy b. how unhealthy environments affect sick people c. how difficult it is to keep environments free of microbes a. to compare the healthy microbiomes of humans with other animals b. to suggest a method for improving the health of indoor environments c. to demonstrate how harmful bacteria may enter the human microbiome

41. What happens in buildings that lack fresh air?

42. What does Ben Rubin imply about air conditioning systems?

43. What did the hospital study demonstrate?

44. Why are dogs mentioned?

Segment 2

Look at the questions. Then, listen to the second segment.

45. What was the main purpose of the experiment?

a. to confirm the results of an earlier experiment b. to test a specific theory about how bats navigate c. to identify different navigational strategies in bats a. It has never been fully understood by scientists. b. It does not explain their ability to travel long distances. c. It is used in combination with other senses when hunting insects. a. to point out a limitation of their experiment b. to illustrate the complicated ways bats navigate c. to explain the logic behind the experiment's design a. tracking devices b. electric antennas c. magnetic compasses a. It was repeated on two separate occasions. b. Two sets of bats were fitted with different devices. c. Two groups of bats were released at the same time. a. It provides a foundation for further research. b. It probably does not fully explain bat behavior. c. It suggests abilities that may be true of other animals. a. she compensate b. she compensating c. her to compensate d. compensating

46. What do the speakers say about bats' use of sounds to navigate?

47. Why do the speakers mention the Earth's magnetic field?

48. What technology did the scientists use in their experiment?

49. What was an important feature of the experiment?

50. What do the speakers imply about their experiment?

51. After the crash, he got out of his car, he pointed to the damage and demanded ………. him. They both knew, what had happened was her fault.

52. “Well, I hear Ronald’s not doing well in school.”“I have already told him that he’ll fail his exams unless he ………. soon.” a. doesn’t start studying b. starts studying c. will start studying d. will study

53. “Have you told her the truth about the money you lost at the casino when in Las Vegas?” “No, but I promise to tell her everything the moment I ………. her.” a. have seen b. am seeing c. will see d. see a. had been encouraging b. be encouraging c. encourage d. have encouraged a. some of them b. those which c. many of which d. all of whom

54. If I thought a conversation about their relationship could have helped her, I certainly would ………. her to talk to me.

55. I have read most of her novels ………. were rejected by the publishers the first time she sent them in.

56. “I met him at a party two years ago. He’s quite wealthy, you know.”“Really? What does he do ………. ?” a. to stay alive b. for a living c. for a life d. to live a. to actually be proven b. proven actually c. that it has actually been proven d. so that it is proven actually a. would have been returning b. will have returned c. going to return d. has returned

57. Exercise has such a profound effect on our wellbeing ………. to be an effective strategy for overcoming depression.

58. The politician expects that by this time next year he ………. all the money that was loaned to him during his campaign.

59. “Are you surprised John failed his exam again?”

“No, I was not surprised as I know he’s not ………. he makes out to be.” a. as good a student as b. so good student as c. a good student that d. so good of a student a. makes challenging b. make challenges c. make it challenging d. makes them challenged

60. For those who depend on “ImageBox” for free stock photos, recent changes to its website ………. to find the right images.

61. “Have you read Andie’s new novel about an American woman who lost her daughter?” “Yes, I never realized ………. he is.” a. how talented a writer b. so talented a writer c. what talented a writer d. such a talented writer

62. “Don’t worry! I’ll try to be there if I can.” “Oh, please ………. ! We would really like to see you.” a. try it b. do try c. be trying d. keep trying

63. “Did you call the twins? You promised you would.”“Yes, but ………. of them was at home when I called.” a. none b. nobody c. neither d. both a. There are possibly b. The possibility that c. It is possible that d. There is a possibility

64. ………. thousands of people may be without television for an entire day has sparked an outcry among TV watchers throughout the region.

65. “Have you asked your father about the concert we were talking about?” “He said he has no objection ………. !” a. that I go b. of my going c. to my going d. for me to go a. much more b. greater c. the most d. more than

66. As technology users become more sophisticated, the demands they make on technology producers become ………. .

This passage is about an accommodation project.

In the industrialized world, the problem concerning accommodation is not materials for building but limited space as well as the prohibitive price of land. The answer in most industrial cities has been 'the skyscraper' building up ………… (67) than out. But ………… (68) can be done in an overcrowded city like Tokyo, where earthquakes prevent real skyscrapers ………… (69) making economic use of the world's most costly real ………… (70)?

The Japanese are thinking of turning the world ………… (71) down. The government is financing two business corporations, Taisei and Shimuzu to plan huge underground cities to accommodate 100,000 people, ………… (72) with offices, theaters, hotels, sports centers, and a complete transport network.

Taisei have christened their ………… (73) Alice City, after Lewis Carroll's heroine who found a 'Wonderland' in a rabbit hole. The underground city is technically ………… (74) but there is a massive psychological barrier to ………… (75). Will people be able to cope with living away from the sun and sky? ………… (76) down to a workplace and being buried in an office for eight hours may not seem an attractive idea.

This passage is about the Britannic sinking day.

Just after celebrating morning Mass on November 21, 1916, Violet Jessop, a young Irish stewardess working on board the H.M.H.S. Britannic heard a dull roar. The hospital ship, sister to the Titanic, was crossing the Aegean, carrying 1,134 medical staff and crew members to an Anglo-French military base on the Greek island of Lemnos.

As the unexplained explosion ripped through the ship, Jessop ………… (77), 'it gave a shiver, a long drawn out shudder from stem to ………… (78).' Jessop, who had ………… (79) survived not only the Titanic disaster four years earlier but also a 1911 collision ………… (80) the third White Star Line sister, Olympic, remembered feeling strangely calm as her lifeboat was lowered. But ………… (81) there, she was confronted by a horrific scene. As the Britannic sank, its captain continued ………… (82) full steam ahead in an attempt to bring the ship into shallower waters. ………… (83) to him, the boat's churning propellers were sucking the lifeboats ………… (84) the stern and killing their passengers.

Jessop threw herself from her lifeboat to avoid the deadly blades, and, clutching a spare life jacket to stay ………… (85), she watched another great ship go down. The white pride of the ocean's medical world ………… (86) her head a little, then a little lower and still lower until she took a fearful plunge and disappeared into depths. Britannic's sinking remains one of the maritime world's greatest mysteries.

77

75 b. steering c. striking d. staying a. Unknown b. Aware c. Informed d. Known a. above b. close c. under d. amid a. ablaze b. ashore c. aboard d. afloat a. sipped b. dipped c. dripped d. drifted a. brands b. breeds c. marks d. emblems a. enunciate b. construe c. denounce d. proliferate a. extenuating b. exquisite c. excruciating d. expedient a. retrospect b. restriction c. hindsight d. contemplation a. marched b. stormed c. plunged d. slammed a. sources b. resources c. facilities d. equipment a. reciprocated b. reprimanded c. restored d. replenished a. flat b. suite c. portion d. segment a. wane b. flag c. ebb d. diminish a. went to b. came to c. went for d. came for a. vitality b. restriction c. essence d. scarcity a. aspect b. regard c. stance d. standing a. devoid b. delinquent c. discrete d. defective a. entry b. passage c. placement d. faculty a. converted b. possessive c. vague d. urgent a. part b. detail c. design d. element a. to illustrate how the coqui frog affects property sales in some countries b. to point out the coqui frog's unique nature c. to illustrate how a frog species can damage the insect population d. to describe the difficulties local residents face in areas with coqui frogs a. their small size b. their attractive skin color c. the wet climate d. their preying on snakes and tarantulas a. They feed mainly on rice. b. They do not lay eggs. c. They are born as tadpoles. d. They hatch as minute frogs. a. Both species thrive in volcano zones. b. They both originally came from Puerto Rico. c. Their existence discourages people from buying houses. d. They both provide food for rats and snakes. a. the fact that the frogs eat insects. b. the frogs’ vocal abilities. c. the threat the frogs pose to rare species of birds. d. the fact that the frogs might attract other vermin. a. They will be completely wiped out. b. Their numbers will be reduced. c. They will continue to multiply. d. The locals will stop trying to exterminate them. a. experiences a revival. b. is mourned as a vanished art. c. produces eggs and doves. d. though a cherished craft, is now on the decline. a. whether the government should subsidize the trade or not. b. whether magic was the second-oldest profession in the world. c. what research had been done into magic so far. d. why magicians had stopped coming out with novel ideas. a. the members had split into two opposing groups. b. the conjurers won the upper hand. c. any rich person can become an illusionist. d. there would be general consensus on all issues debated. a. conjurers are experts on palmistry. b. conjurers need female assistants. c. illusionists can make things disappear. d. illusionists need endless practice. a. That most of them spend their time drinking. b. That their children don't wish to follow in their footsteps. c. That their tricks are the sole entertainment available in India. d. That only one of them can grow a mango plant just in a few minutes. a. thinning crowd b. rich spectators c. stressed viewers d. puzzled onlookers

83.

84.

85.

86.

87. At the supermarket, they sell all the usual kinds of coffee, but also some less well-known ………. .

88. I find it really difficult to understand Georgia sometimes because she doesn’t ………. her words clearly.

89. In college, Durban began to suffer from headaches and …………. pain in his arms and legs.

90. We thought he was the perfect employee for this job but with ………. , we should never have let him have access to the files.

91. He threw off his clothes and ………. into the water to save the drowning child.

92. The college doesn’t have the financial ………. to build a new library for the students.

93. The Swiss authorities severely ………………. the banks for accepting $660 million from the former Nigerian dictator Sani Abacha.

94. Consumers can choose from our …………. of premium kitchen products to create countless combinations.

95. The climbers’ spirits were starting to ………. when at last they reached the mountain refuge.

96. When it ………. doing things around the house, he was completely useless.

97. If you like the apartment the chances are that other people will like it too, so speed is of the ………... .

98. The company's ………… on human rights is well known. We do not accept any form of discrimination based on gender, age, nationality, or religion.

99. The President of the company was fined because he was ………. in paying his taxes.

100. As a teacher, I have to remind you that good grades are essential in order to gain ………. to university.

101. I asked him for specific information, but his reply was so ………. and general that it didn’t answer my question.

102. Factory errors are not normally examined in …………. unless the magnitude of the error is significant.

This passage is about coqui frog.

Scores of communities across Hawaii’s Big Island have been hit by rampaging “Eleutherodactylus coqui”, otherwise known as the coqui frog. Biologists theorize that these tiny natives of Puerto Rico stowed away a dozen or so years ago on nursery plants en route to Hawaii. The Pacific island chain’s moist, verdant environment offered the invaders an ideal habitat. With few natural predators, such as snakes and tarantulas, to keep their populations in check, the mottled yellow to grayish brown creatures - almost impossible to spot on most vegetation - rapidly multiplied. During the day, the coqui makes its nest in moist areas covered by leaves and leaf litter. Unlike the offspring of many other frog species, coqui froglets - about the size of a grain of rice when they hatch - emerge fully formed from eggs, skipping the tadpole stage entirely.

Locals might not have a problem with the frogs if it weren’t for their ear-piercing mating call, which can reach from 70 to 90 decibels, comparable to a vacuum cleaner or a garbage disposal. The racket they make means they have joined termites and volcano zones as possible deal breakers in property sales. A more serious fear for scientists is that the coqui might severely reduce, or even wipe out, certain insects on which some rare birds rely. A thriving frog population could also mean a free lunch for other invasive species, such as rats and snakes.

Not everyone minds the little frogs: in Puerto Rico, many people find them endearing; they appear on T- shirts and license plates. But in Hawaii, islanders have been reduced to spraying their backyards with citric acid in an effort to get a good night’s sleep. State officials believe that aggressive spraying and clearing of underbrush can prevent their spread throughout most of the Hawaiian archipelago. But experts tend to talk in terms of containment rather than eradication on the Big Island.

103. What is the main purpose of the passage?

104. What contributed to the spread of the coqui frog in Hawaii?

105. How do coqui frogs differ from many other kinds of frog?

106. According to the passage, what do the coqui frogs have in common with termites?

107. What are the local inhabitants bothered most by?

108. According to the passage, what is likely to happen to Hawaii’s coqui population in the future?

This passage is about Wizardry.

Though wizardry holds a cherished place in Indian myth, the only magic acts most citizens see these days are cheesy shows with doves pulled from pieces of cloth or eggs produced from empty bags. In a bid to revive the craft, more than 150 magicians met last week in the city of Cochin only to mourn their vanishing art - an art considered the secondoldest profession in the world. The practitioners debate the big questions: Is it right to work with live animals? Should the state give welfare benefits to down-at-the-heels magicians? The latter question grows even more relevant, as India's tricksters slip deeper into a rut of performing the same old tricks without coming up with novel ideas.

As with any brotherhood, there are factional squabbles. On one side are the conjurers, who excel in palming and concealing, clever finger movements that take endless practice. On the other are the entertainers, who create illusions - making elephants disappear or their own wives levitate. Their performances involve shoving knives into plump female assistants, sawing them in half or chopping off their heads. Anyone with money can perform illusions contend the conjurers, laughing off stories of wizards who can make, say, the Statue of Liberty vanish.

Long before films and TV, magicians were perhaps India's main entertainers. Their tricks were passed like precious heirlooms from father to son. Now the sons are studying business, and the tricks are dying. Fakiruddin, a decrepit 5O-year-old street magician, now spends most of his time drinking. Although his ability to grow a mango plant in just minutes is perhaps the only act that baffles this elite gathering, Fakiruddin is among the poorest of the group. He sleeps, along with his snakes, at a bicycle parking stand. «People are too stressed», he complains of his dwindling audience. «They have no time to stop and watch. They just walk away».

109. What is true about Wizardry, in India?

110. What was one of the most crucial questions debated at the wizards' meeting?

111. What became apparent during their meeting?

112. What is the main difference between conjurers and illusionists?

113. What is lamentable about Indian wizards?

114. In the last line of the final paragraph, what does the author mean by “dwindling audience”?

This passage is about children and life skills a. build a sound foundation for our future by cultivating communal ties b. take note of the rise in incidence of child abuse and neglect c. provide support for those experiencing financial difficulties d. provide knowledge for the formation of healthy norms a. Community members will work in collaboration and provide support. b. They will help us rekindle the dying embers of our communal ties. c. To ensure that neglected children receive professional help. d. It is the only way to help those susceptible to child abuse and neglect. a. a positive self-concept and ill-informed ideas b. attitudes, values and a self-concept · c. self-confidence and a sound value system d. the dissemination of information a. to inform adults and children alike b. to implement life skills c. to help deal with overburdened and stressed parents d. to inform and provide counsel a. Children require more information and support than other members of society. b. Life skills can help children deal more effectively with problems they encounter. c. Parents are susceptible to child abuse because they are burdened and stressed. d. Isolation and alienation prevent the establishment of a sound value system. a. endure a tough experience b. diminish stress and burden c. aggravate the situation d. come to an agreement

Children, whether other people's or our own, constitute the foundation stone of our future and the moral backbone of tomorrow. It is thus everybody's problem that the incidence of child abuse and neglect is on the rise. Modern societies have, amongst other disadvantages, brought about increasing isolation and alienation. Thus, while we frantically rush around trying to build a better future for ourselves, we have neglected to nurture the communal ties that help provide our future with a sound foundation. We cannot possibly expect to weather the storm on our own. It has been proven that individuals experiencing emotional, social or financial stress are susceptible to child abuse and neglect. The key lies in our ability to rekindle the dying embers of our communal ties. This would not only ensure that people experiencing problems would have someone to turn to when difficulties arise, but that members of a community work in collaboration with one another to ensure the healthy functioning of the whole.

It is equally important that schools disseminate information that will enable children to make informed decisions based on knowledge. It is necessary that this knowledge be based on healthy values, -norms and attitudes, and that children possess the necessary skills to implement these decisions. The attitudes and values that must be instilled should help these children build a positive self-concept, as this will help them establish a strong moral backbone, which is essential for informed decision-making.

Last but not least, assertiveness training is required, as it will help these children implement the life skills they are taught. These life skills should, amongst others, include discourse management skills, problem-solving skills, refusal skills and skills that help them deal with their emotions. Very often, a difficult child may deal the final blow to a parent who is overburdened and stressed. This is of course never an excuse but it does, nevertheless, highlight the fact that adults and children alike must be informed and given the appropriate support and guidance.

115. According to the passage, what have we neglected to do?

116. Why would reestablishing communal bonds be beneficial?

117. What is required for one to make informed decisions?

118. Why is assertiveness deemed essential?

119. What conclusions do we reach upon reading this text?

120. In the third sentence of the last paragraph what does the author mean by the phrase “deal the final blow”?