12:50-14:30 | Room A Monday Online Presentation Session 3

General Psychology

Session Chair: Rajbala Singh

12:50-13:15

68987 | The Vergence-Accommodation Conflict in Stereoscopic Environments: A Comparison of Theoretical and Gaze-Based Vergence Angle

Susmitha Canny, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Chiuhsiang Joe Lin, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan

Three-dimensional (3D) displays have become important for many applications including vision research, surgical training, medical imaging, virtual prototyping, scientific visualization, and others. In many of these applications, it is necessary for the graphic image to accurately depict the 3D structure of the portrayed object. Unfortunately, the perception of 3D structures in 3D displays is often distorted by the reality depicted in the displays. The effects of these conflicts may affect binocular fusion and may cause visual fatigue. The scope of the vergence–accommodation conflict has been studied extensively to reveal how the distortion in 3D structure happens. The purpose of this work was to study the phenomenon of vergence–accommodation conflict by comparing the theoretical eye vergence angle and gaze-based eye vergence angle based on eye tracker gaze data. The results indicated that the gaze-based eye vergence angle was largest at the greatest parallax. The result also revealed that the eye vergence angle accuracy was significantly highest at the nearest parallax. The accuracy of virtual objects is generally improved when virtual objects are put near the screen and in the middle. Based on the results of this study, we can gain a greater understanding of the vergence–accommodation conflict in the stereoscopic environment.

13:15-13:40

68909 | Comparative Study on Causes of Suicide in India and Japan

Aneesah Nishaat, Soka University, Japan

This study aimed to understand the reasons behind suicide, a major public health issue causing hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide each year. The research approach was quantitative, using publicly available secondary data on suicide rates and other relevant information. The data was analyzed using cross-tabulation techniques to compare the reasons for suicide in India and Japan. The findings showed that suicide is caused by a variety of factors, including economic problems, life problems, family problems, and health problems, and that climate change must also be considered an important factor. The study revealed that suicides in both India and Japan were more common among males than females. In addition, the causes of suicide were similar, including family problems, health problems, school problems, gender problems, and economic and lifestyle problems. However, social status problems, infertility problems, and the customary dowry demanded of women at the time of marriage were identified as causes of suicide specific to India. The study also found that Japan had a higher suicide rate per 100 thousand compared to India, but the rate has been declining in Japan since 2016, while in India, the rate has been gradually rising. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that there are both universal and region-specific causes of suicide, and highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to addressing this pressing public health issue.

13:40-14:05

67025 | Examining Laterality Using Chimeric Pictures of ‘Reading Mind in the Eyes Task’: A Split-visual Field Technique

Mohua Das Gupta, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India

Anamitra Basu, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India

The present study aimed to reach a consensus about the dominant hemisphere in Theory of Mind (ToM) ability among typical adults. Prior investigations have used both direct (fMRI) and indirect (handedness index) laterality approaches, but the split-visual field technique (SVF) has not been used with the ‘Reading Mind in the Eyes Task’ (RMET). The present study used the SVF technique with selected pictures from the RMET by creating their chimeras. Control tasks included chimeric pictures of eyes and lips from an Indian facial database. The chimeric pictures were administered to a sample of 164 emerging Indian adults. Two sets of analyses were run: a two-way repeated measure ANOVA (task x laterality), and a complex mixed-design analysis using two within-subject factors and one between-subject factor (gender). Post-hoc comparisons were done on the accuracy and reaction time of the responses. For RMET, no hemispheric dominance was identified, however for Indian eye-pic and Indian lips-pic, the right hemisphere was found to be significantly dominating. Results from the second analysis showed no significant gender difference across the task, laterality, or their interaction. No significant difference between the reaction time for tasks could be found. Significant differences were found between left and right chimeric pictures with more reaction time recorded for the right chimeric pictures. We conclude that for a higher-order ToM task like RMET, indirect methods of laterality like SVF are inappropriate. For simple emotion recognition tasks like eye-pic and lips-pic, indirect methods like SVF can yield reliable and significant results.

14:05-14:30

68054 | Personality Types, Illness Cognition and Health-Related Quality of Life in Myocardial Infarction Patients

Rajbala Singh, The LNM Institute of Information Technology, India

Shikha Dixit, Indian Institute of Technology, India

The illness cognition approach proposes that individuals try to make sense of changes in their somatic state. Through the process of sensemaking, individuals develop their models of illness. These models influence their coping strategies as well as their quality of life. Illness cognition has been studied as an independent variable related to health-related outcomes. However, personality is a relatively understudied domain concerning illness cognition and patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Some evidence in the literature indicates that personality can influence how patients cognize their Illness. The paper investigates whether personality types influence illness cognition and HRQoL in myocardial infarction (MI) patients. It also explores whether the illness cognition of the patients mediates the relationship between personality types and HRQoL. A sample of 212 MI patients responded to questionnaires related to personality type A and type D tests, illness cognition and HRQoL. Results demonstrated that type A and type D personality differ on four dimensions of illness cognition: Identity, controllability (personal control), timeline (timeline cyclic) and illness coherence (coherent understanding of disease). Results revealed that type A and type D participants significantly differed on emotional, physical, social, and total HRQoL. Illness cognition partially mediates the relationship between personality types and HRQoL. The findings have important implications for the health management of MI patients, as personality types plays a vital role in understanding illness, coping and HRQoL.