Airport Focus International Sept/Oct 2018 by Iain Hoey

ISSUE 38 | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

www.airportfocusinternational.com

OPEN FOR BUSINESS GATWICK'S AMBITIOUS EXPANSION PLANS

BRAND LOYALTY Airports and airlines battle for market position

ATC CAPACITY BLACK HOLE | LOUNGES BOOST AIRSIDE ESTATE GROWTH | INSIDER

Customer Driven

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EDITORIAL GARY MASON, EDITOR:

HOW CAN AIRPORTS BUY BRAND LOYALTY? Traditional business model at the centre of a dispute about giving passengers best value for money

or most airports what does brand identity really mean and does it make QYGL GSQQIVGMEP HMǺIVIRGI MJ XLI] have a strong brand or not? &X E VIGIRX EZMEXMSR GSRJIVIRGI XLI ETTVSEGL to branding at airports compared to airlines QEHI YT E OI]RSXI WIWWMSR WII JIEXYVI TEKI 30) and some surprising ideas were aired. 4R SRI PIZIP XLI HMǺIVIRGIW MR ETTVSEGL EVI obvious – airlines need to have a strong brand MHIRXMX] ERH TS[IVJYP HMKMXEP TVIWIRGI MR XLI market because customers have real choice when it comes to deciding who they want to Ǽ] [MXL &MVTSVXW EVI ǻ\IH EWWIX MRJVEWXVYGXYVI FYWMRIWWIW [LS XS E PEVKI I\XIRX LEZI E GETXMZI QEVOIX HIǻRIH F] XLIMV KISKVETLMGEP location. But perhaps that is changing. In some places it is certainly true that TEWWIRKIVW LEZI E KIRYMRI GLSMGI SJ airport. In New York there is JFK, Newark and LaGuardia; Paris has Charles de Gaulle and 4VP] ERH 1SRHSR MW WIVZIH F] RS PIWW XLER ǻZI aerodromes who operate both domestic and MRXIVREXMSREP ǼMKLXW EPFIMX ZEV]MRK WMKRMǻGERXP] MR XIVQW SJ GETEGMX] VSYXIW ERH WM^I So what would make a passenger choose one rather than the other? Journey time to ERH JVSQ XLI EMVTSVX VSYXI EZEMPEFMPMX] ERH price is the answer. And what would be the KEQI GLERKIV JSV XLI TE]MRK TEWWIRKIV$ 'EH TEWWIRKIV I\TIVMIRGI MW YRPMOIP] XS FI E permanent disincentive because people who Ǽ] VIKYPEVP] [MPP YWYEPP] STX JSV GSRZIRMIRGI over a principled stand against poor service. 'YX MJ XLI GSXXMWL ,SZIVRQIRX JSV I\EQTPI www.airportfocusinternational.com

was to abolish APD (air passenger duty) overnight ERH MX [EW QYGL GLIETIV JSV TISTPI XS Ǽ] JVSQ Edinburgh than Newcastle would the latter see a dramatic drop in short haul passenger numbers? In all probability the answer is yes yet that is both unlikely to happen and in commercial aviation terms, an isolated case. By the time passengers arrive at an airport the big ticket item has already been XVERWEGXIHƳ XLI TVMGI SJ XLI EMV JEVI QSWX PMOIP] TEMH [IIOW SV QSRXLW FIJSVI SRPMRI S [LEX WIVZMGIW HSIW ER EMVTSVX LEZI PIJX XS SǺIV$ (EV TEVOMRK LSXIPW ERH VIXEMP REXYVEPP] Yet as every airport knows the retail behavior SJ ZMWMXSVW MW GLERKMRK VETMHP] 8LI GSRGITX SJ ƸHYX] JVII WLSTTMRKƹ [MXL TISTPI RS[ EFPI XS GSQTEVI XLI TVMGI SJ PY\YV] KSSHW very easily using digital technology, has changed. Airports need to be more innovative with customer loyalty schemes to attract I\MWXMRK QIQFIVW [LS LETTIR XS FI MR XLIMV XIVQMREPW 8LI] EPWS RIIH XS I\XIRH XLIMV VERKI SJ WIVZMGIW ERH FI QSVI MRRSZEXMZI MR the way those services are delivered. Airlines are already taking this new approach and there is a case to be made SJ QYXYEPP] FIRIǻGMEP WLEVMRK SJ GYWXSQIV data. But carriers are paying customers too ERH XLI MWWYI SJ GLEVKIW MW TEVX SJ E XVEHMXMSREP business model that is storing up resentment between the two major players in the market. With carriers holding on to highly valuable slots at the most congested airports what is XLI MRGIRXMZI JSV FEGOMRK XLI I\TERWMSR ERH capacity upscaling that is sorely needed? SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 3

ĉ_vď_ ĘcÅ

@AirportFocusmag

CONTENTS

Editor Gary Mason gary.mason@jld-media.co.uk +44 (0) 7904 299 498 Editorial Assistant Iain Hoey iainhoey94@hotmail.co.uk +44 (0) 7757 946 414 Sales Manager Robert Aitken robert.aitken@jld-media.co.uk +44 (0) 7766 195 814 Design & Production Stuart West stuart.west@jld-media.co.uk +44 (0) 1737 852 343 Publishing Director Helen Richmond helen.richmond@jld-media.co.uk +44 (0) 1737 852 344 Subscriptions subscriptions@jld-media.co.uk +44 (0) 1293 416 090 Airport Focus JLD Media, 25 Clarendon Road, Redhill, Surrey RH1 1QZ Tel: +44 (0) 1737 852 100

NEWS SURVEY TWO

Airport Focus is published 6 times a year. Annual subscriptions: £95 UK; £140 rest of the world. £15 sample copy. Discounts for multiple subscriptions.

Airport Focus magazine @AirportFocusmag

SHOWS

THIRDS

DARTEC

DECLINE

WOULD

ANNOUNCES

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WELCOME FOCUS

SATISFACTION

AIRPORTS

DIGITAL

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ATC/CAPACITY:EUROCONTROL'S

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ISSN 2515-5857

OVER

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MAKING

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30 36

Printed by Stephens & George Ltd

REGULAR No part of this publication may be reproduced without the written permission of the publishers. The Publishers accept no responsibility for any statements made in signed contributions or in those reproduced from other sources, nor for claims made in any advertisements.

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COVER FOR

STORY:DESPITE

THE

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10 42

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER E T MB R O TO E 2018 0 8|A AIRPORT R OR FO FOCUS U |5

NEWS

ACI WORLD POLICY PAPER TACKLES DRONE GROWTH

BLUE BEAR AND CRANFIELD TO CREATE DRONE EXPERIMENT CORRIDOR

In response to the rapid KVS[XL SJ XLI HVSRI ERH 7IQSXIP] 5MPSXIH &MVGVEJX ]WXIQW 75& QEVOIX [SVPH[MHI &MVTSVXW (SYRGMP .RXIVREXMSREP &(. ;SVPH LEW PEYRGLIH E TSPMG] TETIV SR HVSRIW TVSZMHMRK informed and practical VIGSQQIRHEXMSRW JSV EMVTSVXW

)VSRIW ERH YRQERRIH EMVGVEJX [MPP FI EFPI XS Ç¼] MR the same airspace as manned aircraft under plans ERRSYRGIH F] 'PYI 'IEV ]WXIQW 7IWIEVGL 1XH ERH (VERÇ»IPH 9RMZIVWMX] 8LI TEVXRIVW MRXIRH XS GVIEXI XLI 3'*( 3EXMSREP 'I]SRH ZMWYEP PMRI SJ WMKLX *\TIVMQIRXEXMSR (SVVMHSV 8LI GSVVMHSV [MPP WXVIXGL EGVSWW 'IHJSVHWLMVI JVSQ 'PYI 'IEVÆ¶W LIEHUYEVXIVW MR 4EOPI] XS (VERÇ»IPH 9RMZIVWMX]Æ¶W EMVTSVX 'VMRKMRK XSKIXLIV XLIMV VIWTIGXMZI GETEFMPMXMIW the team aims to combine the best of academia with

SUNWING AIRLINES AND FLAIR ADD NEW MIAMI SERVICES

MILAN TO HOST WORLD ROUTES 2020

CAA CALLS FOR DRUNK PASSENGER PROSECUTION

&JXIV E ZIV] GSQTIXMXMZI WIPIGXMSR TVSGIWW *& XLI KVSYT VIWTSRWMFPI JSV QEREKMRK 2MPERS 2EPTIRWE ERH 2MPERS 1MREXI EMVTSVXW WYGGIIHIH MR MXW FMH JSV ;SVPH 7SYXIW SR FILEPJ SJ 2MPER ERH XLI 1SQFEVH] VIKMSR 4R [L] XLI *& KVSYT [EW WYGGIWWJYP MR XLIMV FMH XIZIR QEPP 'VERH )MVIGXSV JSV 7SYXIW WEMH Æ¸ *&Æ¶W EMQ MW XS JYVXLIV GSRRIGX XLI GMX] XS XLI [SVPH IWTIGMEPP] XS &WME ERH XLI &QIVMGEW ERH LSWXMRK XLI XL ;SVPH 7SYXIW IZIRX [MPP FI E KVIEX TPEXJSVQ JSV XLMW 2MPER LEW GYPXMZEXIH E XLVMZMRK GSRJIVIRGI MRHYWXV] MR VIGIRX XMQIW LEZMRK LSWXIH *<54 [LMGL QSVI XLER QMPPMSR TISTPI EXXIRHIH Æ³ . JIIP XLEX LSWXMRK XLI JSVYQ LIVI [MPP GSRWSPMHEXI 2MPERÆ¶W KVS[XL ERH IRLERGI XLI EWXSRMWLMRK PIKEG] SJ ;SVPH 7SYXIW Æ¹ XEOILSPHIVW MRGPYHMRK XLI *& 2MRMWXIVS HIPPI .RJVEWXVYXXYVI I HIM 8VEWTSVXM 7IKMSRI 1SQFEVHME (SQYRI HM 2MPERS ERH +MIVE 2MPERS (SRKVIWWM [MPP FI MRZSPZIH MR LSWXMRK XLI XL ERRYEP ;SVPH 7SYXIW JSVYQ

8LI 90 (MZMP &ZMEXMSR &YXLSVMX] (&& LEW VIZIEPIH XLEX MX LEW EPVIEH] VIGIMZIH more than 200 incident VITSVXW EFSYX HMWVYTXMZI TEWWIRKIVW JVSQ 90 EMVPMRIW MR FIJSVI XLI FYW] WYQQIV Ç¼]MRK WIEWSR LEH IZIR FIKYR 8LI PEXIWX Ç»KYVIW QMVVSV TVIZMSYW ]IEVW [LMGL LEZI WIIR SZIV MRGMdents reported for each JYPP ]IEV QER] MRZSPZMRK EGXW SJ ZMSPIRX ERH MRXMQMHEXMRK FILEZMSYV 7MGLEVH XITLIRWSR )MVIGXSV SJ XLI 90 (MZMP &ZMEXMSR &YXLSVMX] WEMH Æ¸*ZIV]SRI [ERXW XLIMV LSPMHE] Ç¼MKLXW XS FI IRNS]EFPI ERH XVSYFPI JVII )VYROIR ERH EFYWMZI FILEZMSYV SR ER EIVSTPERI MW XSXEPP] YREGGITXEFPI 3SX SRP] HSIW MX YTWIX IZIV]SRI IPWI FYX MX GER EPWS NISTEVHMWI Ç¼MKLX WEJIX] (VMQMREP GLEVKIW WLSYPH FI FVSYKLX EKEMRWX SÇºIRHIVW QSVI SJXIR XS EGX EW E HIXIVVIRX Æ³ TEWWIRKIVW RIIH XS ORS[ XLI] [MPP JEGI XLI JYPP [IMKLX SJ XLI PE[ WLSYPH XLI] FI JSYRH KYMPX] SJ HMWSVHIVP] FILEZMSYV Æ¹

(EREHMER GEVVMIVW +PEMV ERH YR[MRK &MVPMRIW FSXL ERRSYRGIH XLEX XLI] [MPP IRXIV XLI 2MEQM QEVOIX FIKMRRMRK XLMW [MRXIV [MXL +PEMV PEYRGLMRK WIVZMGI JVSQ 2MEQM .RXIVREXMSREP &MVTSVX XS *HQSRXSR ;MRRMTIK ERH 8SVSRXS MR )IGIQFIV ERH YR[MRK WGLIHYPMRK E XSXEP SJ [IIOP] Ç¼MKLXW JVSQ XS 2SRXVIEP 6YIFIG (MX] 8SVSRXS ERH 4XXE[E WXEVXMRK MR 3SZIQFIV ERH )IGIQFIV

GROUPE ADP TO TAKE OVER CDG BAGGAGE HANDLING 'IYQIV ,VSYT E PIEHMRK KPSFEP WYTTPMIV SJ EYXSQEXIH FEKKEKI LERHPMRK W]WXIQW announces that the new 'EKKEKI -ERHPMRK ]WXIQ '- EX 5EVMW (LEVPIW HI ,EYPPI &MVTSVX LEW FIIR LERHIH SZIV XS XLI EMVTSVX STIVEXSVW ,VSYTI &)5 8LI RI[ (VMW'EK XSXI FEWIH '- [MPP TVSZMHI TIV GIRX XVEGOMRK SJ FEKKEKI EW MX MW GLIGOIH MR EX XLI &MVTSVXÆ¶W 8IVQMREP * ERH XVERWTSVXIH ZME E QIXIV XYRRIP XS XLI EXIPPMXI 8IVQMREP

XLI FIWX SJ MRHYWXV] GVIEXMRK E 90 Ç»VWX ÆµREXMSREPÆ¶ EWWIX .ER ;MPPMEQW ;]RR 2EREKMRK )MVIGXSV SJ 'PYI 'IEV GSQQIRXIH Æ¸8LI 90 HVSRI MRHYWXV] MW KSMRK XLVSYKL ER I\GMXMRK IZSPYXMSR ERH MW TSMWIH JSV KVS[XL 4TIVEXMSR YRHIV ':14 FI]SRH ZMWYEP PMRI SJ WMKLX EPSRKWMHI GS STIVEXMZI ERH RSR GSSTIVEXMZI EMV XVEÇ½G MR E QEREKIH IRZMVSRQIRX TVSZMHIW E YRMUYI STTSVXYRMX] XS QEMRXEMR XLI 90 EX XLI JSVIJVSRX SJ HVSRI ETTPMGEXMSR HIZIPSTQIRX ERH JYXYVI EHSTXMSR Æ¹

SURVEY SHOWS DECLINE IN PASSENGER SATISFACTION 8LI 90 (MZMP &ZMEXMSR &YXLSVMX] (&& LEW TYFPMWLIH MXW PEXIWX 90 &ZMEXMSR (SRWYQIV YVZI] [LMGL WLS[W XLEX SZIVEPP WEXMWJEGXMSR [MXL Ç¼]MRK LEW JEPPIR .R XLI Ç»JXL WYVZI] SJ MXW OMRH XS FI GEVVMIH SYX MR XLI PEWX X[S ]IEVW TEWWIRKIVW [IVI JSYRH XS FI TEVXMGYPEVP] YRLETT] [MXL LS[ EMVTSVXW ERH EMVPMRIW VIWTSRH XS HMWVYTXMSR ERH HIPE] 8LI (&&Æ¶W WYVZI] MW ER MRZIWXMKEXMSR SJ 90 GSRWYQIV FILEZMSYV ERH EXXMXYHIW VIKEVHMRK Ç¼]MRK [LMGL MW YWIH XS LIPT MRJSVQ MXW [SVO XS TYX GSRWYQIV MRXIVIWX EX XLI LIEVX SJ MXW VIKYPEXSV] EGXMZMX] 8MQ /SLRWSR )MVIGXSV EX XLI 90 (MZMP &ZMEXMSR &YXLSVMX] WEMH Æ¸&PXLSYKL WEXMWJEGXMSR VIQEMRW LMKL EX TIV GIRX SYV PEWX X[S WYVZI]W LEZI WLS[R E VIHYGXMSR JVSQ TIV GIRX )IPE]W ERH HMWVYTXMSR GER FI GEYWIH F] E VERKI SJ HMÇºIVIRX JEGXSVW SQI SJ XLIWI EVI [MXLMR XLI GSRXVSP SJ EMVPMRIW ERH WSQI EVI RSX ;I I\TIGX EMVPMRIW XS EP[E]W TVSZMHI TVSQTX ERH EGGYVEXI MRJSVQEXMSR ERH MJ TEWWIRKIVW EVI IRXMXPIH XS JYVXLIV GEVI ERH GSQTIRWEXMSR XLMW WLSYPH FI TVSZMHIH [MXLSYX HIPE] Æ¹

6 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

www.airportfocusinternational.com

CRANFIELD AIRPORT FOR UKâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S FIRST DIGITAL CONTROL TOWER 7SLHI GL[EV^ LEW FIIR WIPIGXIH F] (VERÇ»IPH 9RMZIVWMX] XS MRWXEPP MXW JYPP] .5 7 :( , ZSMGI GSQQYRMGEXMSRW W]WXIQ MR [LEX MW I\TIGXIH XS FI 90Æ¶W Ç»VWX )MKMXEP (SRXVSP 8S[IV EX (VERÇ»IPH &MVTSVX 8LI XS[IV MW I\TIGXIH XS KS PMZI MR )IGIQFIV +SV WIGYVI EMV XVEÇ½G GSRXVSP &8( GSQQYRMGEXMSRW 7SLHI GL[EV^ [MPP WYTTP] ERH MRWXEPP JSYV GSRXVSPPIV [SVOMRK TSWMXMSRW EX (VERÇ»IPH &MVTSVX [MXL E JYPP .5 ZSMGI GSQQYRMGEXMSRW W]WXIQ :( 8LI 7 :( , W]WXIQ TVSZMHIW E JYPP] MRXIKVEXIH HMKMXEP WSPYXMSR IQFVEGMRK ZSMGI GSQQYRMGEXMSRW ZMHIS WXVIEQW HEXE GSQQYRMGEXMSRW ERH SXLIV WIVZMGIW

(SRWXERXMR ZSR 7IHIR :MGI 5VIWMHIRX 2EVOIX IKQIRX &8( EX 7SLHI GL[EV^ WEMH Æ¸)MKMXEP Control Towers are the future for airports and we are I\GMXIH ERH HIPMKLXIH XLEX XLI 7 :( , LEW FIIR GLSWIR JSV XLMW TMSRIIVMRK TVSNIGX 7SLHI GL[EV^ MW E TMSRIIV MR TYVI .5 FEWIH GSQQYRMGEXMSRW JSV EMV XVEÇ½G GSRXVSP ERH MW E PIEHIV MR XLI XIGLRSPSK] ;MXL SYV W]WXIQ (VERÇ»IPH LEW GLSWIR E WIEQPIWW ERH JYPP] MRXIKVEXIH WSPYXMSR [LMGL EHHVIWWIW XLI EMVTSVXÆ¶W GYVVIRX GSQQYRMGEXMSR VIUYMVIQIRXW ERH MW GETEFPI SJ FIMRK EHETXIH ERH QSHMÇ»IH EW XLI EMVTSVX KVS[W MR WM^I ERH JYRGXMSREPMX] Æ¹

ACI WORLD DIRECTOR GENERAL PROMOTES GENDER EQUALITY )YVMRK XLI .RXIVREXMSREP (MZMP &ZMEXMSR 4VKERM^EXMSR .(&4 ,PSFEP &ZMEXMSR ,IRHIV YQQMX MR (ETI 8S[R SYXL &JVMGE &MVTSVXW (SYRGMP .RXIVREXMSREP &(. ;SVPH )MVIGXSV ,IRIVEP &RKIPE ,MXXIRW I\TVIWWIH XLI SVKERM^EXMSRÆ¶W Ç»VQ GSQQMXQIRX XS TVSQSXI KIRHIV IUYEPMX] MR EZMEXMSR ,MXXIRW WEMH Æ¸,IRHIV MRIUYEPMX] TIVWMWXW MR XLI EZMEXMSR WIGXSV ERH &(. VIEÇ½VQW MXW GSQQMXQIRX XS WYTTSVXMRK XLI 9RMXIH 3EXMSRW KSEP SJ EGLMIZMRK KIRHIV IUYEPMX] ERH IQTS[IV EPP [SQIR ERH KMVPW 8LMW MW HMVIGXP] TIVXMRIRX XS XLI EMVTSVX MRHYWXV] ERH &(. ;SVPH MW [SVOMRK [MXL .(&4 ERH SYV TEVXRIVW SR [E]W XS EXXVEGX QSVI [SQIR MRXS EZMEXMSR ERH XS WYTTSVX XLIMV TVSJIWWMSREP HIZIPSTQIRX Æ¸&MV WIVZMGI HIQERH [MPP HSYFPI MR ]IEVW 8LI EZMEXMSR MRHYWXV] GERRSX GSRXMRYI XS MKRSVI LEPJ SJ XLI [SVPHÆ¶W TSTulation as it competes with other industries for the talent it RIIHW XS GSRXMRYI XS TPE] MXW VSPI EW ER IGSRSQMG HVMZIV Æ¹

NANOLUMENS LAUNCHES LED DISPLAY CANVASES COURSE 8S LIPT EMVTSVX EVGLMXIGXW ERH HIWMKRIVW WXE] ELIEH SJ XLI GYVZI 3ERS1YQIRW XLI E[EVH [MRRMRK GVIEXSVW SJ YRMUYIP] GSQTIPPMRK MRXIVEGXMZI 1*) ZMWYEPM^EXMSR WSPYXMSRW LEW HIZIPSTIH E RI[ GIVXMÇ»IH GSYVWI XS FI SÇºIVIH XLVSYKL XLI &QIVMGER .RWXMXYXI SJ &VGLMXIGXWÆ¶ (SRXMRYMRK *HYGEXMSR ]WXIQ 'VIXX +EVPI] 3ERS1YQIRW )MVIGXSV SJ XVEXIKMG 'YWMRIWW )IZIPSTQIRX 3ERS1YQIRW WEMH Æ¸1EVKI JSVQEX HMVIGX ZMI[ 1*) HMWTPE]W EVI ETTPMGEFPI JSV XLI ZEVMSYW WXEOILSPHIVW HSMRK FYWMRIWW MRWMHI XSHE]Æ¶W EMVTSVXW [SVPH[MHI JVSQ )44- EHZIVXMWIVW XS GSRGIWWMSREMVIW EMVPMRIW ERH XLI EMVTSVXW XLIQWIPZIW WS MX MW SYV VIWTSRWMFMPMX] XS TVSZMHI YWIJYP MRJSVQEXMSR ERH XVEMRMRK XS XLI EVGLMXIGXW ERH HIWMKRIVW [LS WLETI XLIWI WTEGIW Æ¹

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TWO THIRDS WOULD WELCOME AI AT AIRPORTS &R SRPMRI =SY,SZ TSPP GSQQMWWMSRIH F] MRÇ¼MKLX IRXIVXEMRQIRX ERH TEWWIRKIV IRKEKIQIRX GSQTER] TEJE\ VIZIEPW XLEX ]SYRKIV XVEZIPPIVW [ERX EMVTSVXW XS YWI XIGLRSPSK] XS IRLERGI XLIMV EMVTSVX I\TIVMIRGI [LMPWX SPHIV XVEZIPPIVW EVI QSVI [EV] 8LI TSPP SJ VIWTSRHIRXW EWOIH EFSYX XLIMV [MWL PMWX JSV ÆµER EMVTSVX PSYRKI SJ XLI JYXYVIÆ¶ VIZIEPIH TIV GIRX SJ TISTPI EKIH XS [SYPH TPE] EYKQIRXIH VIEPMX] &7 FSEVH KEQIW [MXL SXLIV TEWWIRKIVW FYX SRP] TIV GIRX SJ SJ ERH SZIVW [SYPH TIV GIRX SJ ]IEV SPHW [SYPH PMOI XS XV] SR LSPSKVEQ GPSXLIW EX ER EMVTSVX [LMPI SRP] TIV GIRX SJ ERH SZIVW [SYPH ERH TIV GIRX SJ [SQIR [SYPH GLSSWI [LIR MR ER EMVTSVX PSYRKI E ZMVXYEP VIEPMX] :7 TVIZMI[ SJ XSYVMWX EXXVEGXMSRW EX XLIMV HIWXMREXMSR EPSRK [MXL XLI STTSVXYRMX] XS TVI FSSO XMGOIXW SRGI XLI]Æ¶H FVS[WIH (LEVPIW :MRI -IEH SJ 'VERH &PPMERGIW EX TEJE\ WEMH Æ¸ TIV GIRX [IVI EKEMRWX FIMRK LIPTIH F] &. JSV E L]TSXLIXMGEP YTGSQMRK XVMT [LIVIEW E VIWSYRHMRK TIV GIRX SJ XLI 'VMXMWL TYFPMG HMH [ERX EVXMÇ»GMEP MRXIPPMKIRGI &. XS LIPT XLIQ KIX the most out of their time at the airport Æ³ [LIXLIV XLEX FI EWWMWXERGI REZMKEXMRK XLI EMVTSVX XIVQMREPW SV WTIIHMRK YT XLI GLIGO MR TVSGIWW Æ¹

XIAMEN AIRLINES SETS FARES USING SITA TECH <MEQIR &MVPMRIW [LMGL MW I\TIVMIRGMRK QENSV KVS[XL across its domestic and MRXIVREXMSREP RIX[SVO MW YWMRK WSJX[EVI JVSQ .8& XS WIX MXW JEVIW GSQTIXMXMZIP] MR EPP QEVOIXW 8LI EMVPMRI [LMGL LERHPIH QMPPMSR TEWWIRKIVW MR LEW EGLMIZIH TVSÇ»XW ]IEVW MR E VS[ ERH MW RS[ YWMRK .8& &MVJEVI .RWMKLX XS STXMQM^I MXW JEVIW VIPEXIH HIGMWMSR QEOMRK

WESTGROVE GROUP EXPANDS INTO LIVERPOOL ;EVVMRKXSR FEWIH WSJX WIVZMGIW JEGMPMXMIW QEREKIQIRX WTIGMEPMWX 8LI ;IWXKVSZI ,VSYT has won its second EZMEXMSR GSRXVEGX XLMW ]IEV ;IWXKVSZI ,VSYT 2EREKMRK )MVIGXSV (PEMVI 2G0MRPI] QMXL WEMH Æ¸;I EVI HIPMKLXIH XS WIGYVI XLMW GSRXVEGX EX 1MZIVTSSP /SLR 1IRRSR &MVTSVX ;I LEZI FIIR FYMPHMRK YT SYV EZMEXMSR WXVEXIK] SZIV XLI TEWX QSRXLW EW [I WE[ MX [EW E KVIEX JMX [MXL SYV I\MWXMRK WTIGMEPMWIH WIVZMGI TVSZMWMSR ]RIVK] F] ;IWXKVSZI

EUROPE TRAFFIC IN GROWTH DURING H1 *YVSTIER EMVTSVX XVEHI FSH] &(. *9745* VIPIEWIH MXW EMV XVEÇ½G VITSVX JSV /YRI 6 - VIZIEPMRK XLEX HYVMRK XLI Ç»VWX LEPJ SJ XLMW ]IEV - TEWWIRKIV XVEÇ½G EX *YVSTIÆ¶W EMVTSVXW KVI[ F] ER EZIVEKI

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 7

NEWS EXTRA

GATWICK LAUNCHES CAR-POOLING SERVICE FOR AIRPORT STAFF

DARTEC ANNOUNCES FOCUS FOR DIGITAL AVIATION RESEARCH

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8 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

MXW GYVVIRX LIEPXL EPPS[MRK MX XS VIPMEFP] TVIHMGX XLI YWIJYP PMJI SV GSQTSRIRXW ERH W]WXIQW [LMPI EYXSQEXMGEPP] EHETXMRK XS STXMQMWI XLIMV VIQEMRMRK PMJI 1EYRGLMRK )&78I(Æ¶W Ç»ZI VIWIEVGL TVMSVMXMIW EX XLI +EVRFSVSYKL .RXIVREXMSREP LS[ 5VSJIWWSV ,VELEQ 'VEMXL[EMXI 5VSNIGX 1IEH ERH )MVIGXSV SJ 8VERWTSVX ]WXIQW EX (VERÇ»IPH 9RMZIVWMX] WEMH Æ¸&ZMEXMSR MW E OI] WIGXSV JSV XLI 90 IGSRSQ] GSRXVMFYXMRK f FR XS 90 ,)5 FYX XLI WIGXSVÆ¶W TVIWIRX VEXI SJ KVS[XL MW WMQTP] RSX WYWXEMREFPI Æ¸;I RIIH RI[ HMKMXEP WSPYXMSRW XS XEGOPI XLI GLEPPIRKIW SJ SZIV GETEGMX] MR FSXL EMVTSVXW ERH EMVWTEGI [I RIIH XS GVIEXI TEWWIRKIV I\TIVMIRGIW QSVI Ç»XXMRK SJ XLI WX GIRXYV] ERH [I RIIH XS GVIEXI QSVI WYWXEMREFPI EMV XVEZIP ;SVOMRK [MXL SYV TEVXRIVW )&78I( [MPP KVIEXP] EHZERGI XLI ETTPMGEXMSR SJ MRRSZEXMZI XIGLRSPSKMIW [MXLMR XLI EMV XVERWTSVX WIGXSV ERH [MPP YRPSGO XLI TSXIRXMEP SJ HMKMXEP EZMEXMSR Æ¹ ;LMPI QER] SJ XLI GLEPPIRKIW SJ HMKMXEP EZMEXMSR EVI YRHIVWXSSH MRHMZMHYEPP] XLIVI EVI ZIV] JI[ STTSVXYRMXMIW XS EHHVIWW XLIQ WMQYPXERISYWP] [MXLMR E GSPPEFSVEXMZI VIWIEVGL ERH XIGLRSPSK] IRZMVSRQIRX )&78I( [MPP SÇºIV XLEX STTSVXYRMX] F] GVIEXMRK E ÆµVIWIEVGL IGS W]WXIQÆ¶ YRHIVTMRRIH F] (VERÇ»IPHÆ¶W KPSFEP VIWIEVGL EMVTSVX ERH XLI 9RMZIVWMX]Æ¶W RI[P] STIRIH EYXSRSQSYW ZILMGPI VIWIEVGL JEGMPMX] +YRHMRK JSV )&78I( MW FIMRK TVSZMHIH F] E GSRWSVXMYQ SJ PIEHMRK EIVSWTEGI ERH EZMEXMSR GSQTERMIW MRGPYHMRK 8LEPIW &&' 2SREVGL &MVGVEJX *RKMRIIVMRK 1MQMXIH &ZIMPPERX Æ³ EW [IPP EW (VERÇ»IPH 9RMZIVWMX] 8LI (IRXVI MW EPWS FIRIÇ»XMRK JVSQ f Q SJ JYRHMRK JVSQ XLI 90 7IWIEVGL 5EVXRIVWLMT .RZIWXQIRX +YRH 9075.+ E WGLIQI PIH F] 7IWIEVGL *RKPERH www.airportfocusinternational.com

ISSUE 33 | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2017

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GROUND FORCE DR MICHAEL KERKLOH ON MUNICH’S PREPARATIONS FOR THE NEW WINTER SEASON

WEATHERING THE STORM Protecting airport infrastructure from hurricane damage

CITY CENTRAL LCY on expansion and the planning process “lottery”

INTER AIRPORT PREVIEW | GSE DRIVER TRAINING | DIGITAL DEVELOPMENT

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RUNWAY DEVELOPMENT

10 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

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EYES ON THE SIZE Gatwick is proceeding with ambitious plans to increase runway capacity and build business development at the airport and its environs despite political backing for the third runway at Heathrow. Gary Mason reports

www.airportfocusinternational.com

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 11

RUNWAY DEVELOPMENT

atwick is the busiest single runway airport in the world and has long harvested ambitions to expand its capacity considerably with the construction of a second runway to help free up the much needed aviation capacity in the south east of England. Detailed proposals for this work were submitted to the Davies Commission – the inquiry which sat for three whole years to sort out London’s overcrowded airspace problem. But although Gatwick’s plan made the short list of three options, it was Gatwick’s neighbor and chief rival – Heathrow Airport - that got

12 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

the nod from Westminster. With MPs having voted in June by a considerable majority to approve the preferred Heathrow option of building a new runway northwest of the existing pair of runways at the UK’s over-crowded main hub airport, it could be considered that Gatwick’s plans are dead in the water. Or are they? Gatwick’s management has publicly stated that the airport would continue to prepare to expand even if it is not initially selected because airport planning history showed that Heathrow expansion schemes had failed www.airportfocusinternational.com

*QQE 7IIW EHHW Ć¸8LMW WMKRMÇťGERX YTPMJX [MPP FI HIPMZIVIH F] ÇťPPMRK YT SYV VIQEMRMRK WPSXW in non-peak times and incrementally by using larger aircraft. For example, the new A321neo aircraft is set to be the new â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;workhorseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; of the airport and carries up to 50 more passengers. This might not sound a lot but over the course of a year these - and other larger aircraft coming on stream - will deliver this growth. 1SRK LEYP ÇźMKLXW EPWS YWI PEVKIV EMVGVEJX ERH having just announced our 67th long haul route, we will be growing this part of our network further still in coming years.â&#x20AC;? 8LI ÇťVWX SJ WM\ RI[ IEW]NIX & RISW LEZI started service at Gatwick and are up to 50% UYMIXIV Ćł HIGMFIPW H' UYMIXIV SR XEOI SÇş ERH 2dB on approach - than existing aircraft types based at the airport. They will also deliver up to 15% savings in fuel burn and CO2 emissions com-

several times in the last 30 years even after being approved at Westminster. Emma Rees, Head of Real Estate, at Gatwick &MVTSVX GSRÇťVQIH XLMW LI WEMH Ć¸,EX[MGO WXMPP has a plan to build a second runway which it stands ready to build should the Government give us the green light.â&#x20AC;? But even if that call never comes Gatwick retains some ambitious plans to develop the airport and its property portfolio. These plans are based on growth predictions of an extra 20 million passengers a year using the airport by 2023 and a WMKRMÇťGERX MRGVIEWI MR PSRK LEYP HIWXMREXMSRW www.airportfocusinternational.com

pared to previous generations of the aircraft. These aircraft are expected to become an important part of easyJetâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s existing 65-strong ,EX[MGO FEWIH ÇźIIX SZIV XLI RI\X ÇťZI ]IEVW Each A321neo aircraft provides an additional 50 seats to further increase passenger growth at the airport, without needing to increase the overall number of aircraft movements on the runway. This is projected to bring an additional 85,000 passengers a year to Gatwick compared to the A320neo. The new A321neo aircraft are in addition to easyJetâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s order of 100 A320neo aircraft, which have 186 seats and are also 50% quieter than previous generation aircraft. easyJet has already received nine A320neo aircraft, which are reguPEVP] Çź]MRK MR ERH SYX SJ ,EX[MGO Gatwick is also investing in new infrastructure and has recently spent nearly ÂŁ10 million XS VI GSRÇťKYVI MXW 5MIV ETVSR ERH WXERHW XS accommodate the new aircraft. This year the airport will begin work on a major extension to its Pier 6 facility which will include eight new EMVGVEJX WXERHW XS WTIGMÇťGEPP] JEGMPMXEXI XLI PEVKIV A321neos at an investment of ÂŁ180 million, providing an improved passenger experience and KVIEXIV STIVEXMSREP IÇ˝GMIRG] 3SV[IKMER LEW EPWS WXEVXIH Çź]MRK MXW RI[ Boeing 737 MAX aircraft on some services from Gatwick, which uses the latest quiet-engine technology to reduce noise by 40% compared to similar sized single-aisle aircraft. Gatwick is MRZIWXMRK MR XLI KVS[MRK 'SIMRK ÇźIIX EW MX WYTports Boeing to build a new hangar facility at the airport, due to be fully operational in early 2019. Building new or replacing existing infra-

â&#x20AC;&#x153;GATWICK STILL HAS A PLAN TO BUILD A SECOND RUNWAY WHICH IT STANDS READY TO BUILD SHOULD THE GOVERNMENT GIVE US THE GREEN LIGHT.â&#x20AC;?

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 13

RUNWAY DEVELOPMENT

structure to manage that growth is part of ,EX[MGOÆ¶W f FMPPMSR Ç»ZI ]IEV (ETMXEP .RZIWXQIRX 5PER (.5 YTHEXIH MR /YRI XLMW ]IEV which will see new building projects and the expansion of existing facilities. 8LI (.5 MW FEWIH SR XLI EWWYQTXMSR XLEX Gatwick will remain a single - runway, two terminal airport. But Gatwick stresses it will continue to safeguard land for a second runway, if required. The projects include a Pier 6 Western Extension. Phase one works start with enabling Pier 5 to handle the A380 aircraft, so that it can move from its current home on Pier 6. This work will EPWS MRZSPZI XLI [MHIRMRK ERH VIGSRÇ»KYVEXMSR SJ a taxiway to accommodate the 80-metre wingWTER SJ XLI & 4XLIV FYMPHMRK TVSNIGXW EVI â&#x20AC;¢ A new domestic arrivals facility, including a new baggage reclaim area in SYXL 8IVQMREP 14 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

â&#x20AC;¢ A new mezzanine level extension in the North Terminal departure lounge to accommodate new restaurants. â&#x20AC;¢ Completion of the road system and taxiway entrance to the new Boeing aircraft LERKEV XS GSRRIGX XLI EMVÇ»IPH [MXL XLI RI[ facility. The new hangar opens next year and will service the growing number of long-haul aircraft operating from Gatwick. â&#x20AC;¢ 7I HIZIPSTQIRX SJ SYXL 8IVQMREP hotel capacity. â&#x20AC;¢ (SQTPIXMSR SJ XLI SYXL 8IVQMREP PSRK stay car park decking project, providing an additional 1,200 car parking spaces for summer 2018. â&#x20AC;¢ Enabling works for Network Railâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s planned upgrade to the Gatwick station. â&#x20AC;¢ A new reception centre for passengers with reduced mobility in the North Terminal.

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,EX[MGOƶW (LMIJ *\IGYXMZI XI[EVX ;MRKEXI WEMH Ƹ,EX[MGO MW E QENSV TMIGI SJ REXMSREP MRJVEstructure, and our continued growth and ability to attract long-haul airlines is vital for the health of the UK economy, particularly in a post-Brexit world. We are exploring ways to grow our capacity, including developing new systems and processes to handle more passengers, and considering how we use all our existing infrastructure in the future. Ƹ8LMW ]IEV [I [MPP [IPGSQI RI[ UYMIXIV EMVcraft with the introduction of A321s by easyJet and we are developing our infrastructure now, F] VIGSRǻKYVMRK EMVǻIPH WXERHW ERH TPERRMRK for the construction of a major extension to our Pier 6 facility. These initiatives will support this next phase of growth. Ƹ1SSOMRK FI]SRH XLMW GETMXEP MRZIWXQIRX programme, we welcome the Government’s support for airports making best use of their existing runways and we will plan for our longer term future by developing a Masterplan later this year”. But without the green light for a second runway at Gatwick there is a limit to what the airport can do in terms of having spare land to build on. There is also a possibility given the Heathrow decision that big international corporates that need space near a major airport might relocate from Gatwick to Heathrow or opt for the latter when looking to satisfy new requirements. While acknowledging that there are currently space constraints at Gatwick, Emma Rees highlights the current pull of the airport to commercial property development and big business. LI WEMH Ƹ)IWTMXI WSQI GSRWXVEMRXW SR GSQmercial space in the immediate vicinity, it’s unlikely that big international companies will relocate, particularly given the strength of our long ERH WLSVX LEYP VSYXI RIX[SVOW .R JEGX E VIGIRX report showed that the Gatwick Diamond area – a region from Brighton to Croydon and Guildford to Royal Tunbridge Wells, with Gatwick at its heart - is home to more company head SǽGIW XLER 1SRHSR 8LI VITSVX EPWS WLS[IH that these businesses export more than the rest of the UK, including to non-EU countries, which again points to the important role our route networks play to these businesses.” Despite Gatwick’s upbeat message there is no doubt that the Heathrow decision is a blow XS XLI YWWI\ EMVTSVXƶW GSQQIVGMEP EQFMXMSRW These two airports are both privately owned ERH ǻIVGIP] GSQTIXMXMZI RIMKLFSYVW PSSOMRK XS lure away from each other passengers, airlines, www.airportfocusinternational.com

routes and commercial opportunities in the retail and aviation-related business sectors. Chris Evans, international shipping, logistics ERH WYTTP] GLEMR WTIGMEPMWX EX (SPPMIVW .RXIVREXMSREP WEMH Ƹ;MXL XLI EVVMZEP SJ XLI XLMVH VYR[E] EX -IEXLVS[ EMVTSVX XVEǽG ERH XLIVIJSVI GSQmerce – is expected to increase considerably, acting as a magnet for occupiers, particularly cargo operators. Despite rents and land values surrounding Heathrow already being high, as the old saying goes, location, location, location, will be an enormous driving force for occupiers to the area which will also drive up costs. This will undoubtedly have a negative impact on the attractiveness of Gatwick airport.” But despite this Evans maintains that it is not all doom and gloom for Gatwick’s property QEVOIX Ƹ;I ERXMGMTEXI PERH ZEPYIW ERH VIRXW XS hold their value, the assets that are available in the area are adequately serving demand and there is little new development that will disrupt this balance,” he says.

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 15

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EXPE ERT FOR RUM: PASSENGER EXPERIENCE THE POWER IN PEOPLE’S POCKETS 3IMP 3SVQER (LMIJ *\IGYXMZI 4ǽGIV EX -YQER 7IGSKRMXMSR ]WXIQW EVKYIW XLEX EMVTSVXW RIIH XS NSMR YT XLIMV W]WXIQW XS XVYP] VIZSPYXMSRMWI TEWWIRKIV I\TIVMIRGI

18 8

VIEWP POIN NT: BETTER COLLABORATION NEEDED FOR PRM SERVICES AT AIRPORTS 8LI EZMEXMSR MRHYWXV] WLSYPH FI [SVOMRK [MXL [MXL HMWEFPIH TISTPI XS GVIEXI RI[ TVSHYGXW ERH XVEMRMRK HVMZIR F] XLI PEXIWX XIGLRSPSK] EVKYIW EQERXLE 'IVV] -IEH SJ .RRSZEXMSR 7IKYPEXSV] (SQTPMERGI EX 4QRM IVZ

CASE E STUDY DY: THE VALUE OF SHARED USE AIRPORT LOUNGES *VVSP 2G,PSXLER )MVIGXSV &MVTSVX 1SYRKI )IZIPSTQIRX WE]W XLEX EMVPMRIW EVI VI IZEPYEXMRK XLI KVSYRH I\TIVMIRGI QEOMRK EMVWMHI VIEP IWXEXI QSVI MQTSVXERX XLER IZIV

for more fromm this section vissit:

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NOTEBOOK | EXPERT FORUM

Passenger experience the power in people’s pockets

Neil Norman, Chief Executive Officer at Human Recognition Systems argues that airports need to join up their systems to truly revolutionise passenger experience

Neil Norman, chief executive officer, Human Recognition Systems 18 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

martphones have become a major part of our lives, providing the convenience that the 21st century consumer has become hugely reliant upon. Digitisation and automation are the norm, with consumers expecting personalisation and real-time updates from the services they choose to use. Consider XLI PIZIP SJ WIVZMGI SǺIVIH F] GSQTERMIW PMOI Uber, for example, where you can simply set ]SYV PSGEXMSR XET XS VIUYIWX E VMHI XVEGO ]SYV driver’s location and pay digitally – all through your phone. Imagine if this technology was exploited in the aviation sector in order to provide a faster, seamless passenger experience. Passengers are increasingly demanding an intelligent, HMKMXEP NSYVRI] WS XLEX XLI] GER JEWX XVEGO through the airport as smoothly as possible. With smartphones, this could be a real possibility, utilising the power of this handheld device XLEX FMPPMSRW SJ TISTPI LEZI MR XLIMV TSGOIXW With permission from the passenger, airports and airlines can use the geographic location of smartphones to better manage TEWWIRKIV ǼS[ VIHYGI FSXXPIRIGOW MQTVSZI SR XMQI HITEVXYVIW ERH QEOI XLI [LSPI NSYVRI] QSVI IǽGMIRX This will help to reduce frustration, providing real-time updates for passengers including details of their departure gate, wait times at security and other personalised alerts. Technology is already being developed to enable passengers to order a meal at their favourite airside restaurant before they pass through security, for

it to be ready when they arrive at the restaurant. Technology has the ability to improve operaXMSREP IǽGMIRG] [MXL WSQI EMVTSVXW HIZIPSTMRK QSFMPI ETTW JSV WXEǺ TVSZMHMRK PMZI ǼMKLX MRJSVmation, regular updates on passenger numbers arriving and departing, real-time OTD, turnaround and TOBT performance. This information MW WIRX PMZI XS WXEǺ ZME QSFMPI HIZMGIW XS IREFPI heads of departments and team leaders to HITPS] WXEǺ [LIVI XLI] EVI QSWX RIIHIH In the future, mobile devices will increasingly be used by passengers to identify themselves, using either their iris or face. Passengers will be able to securely and seamlessly pass through IEGL GLIGOTSMRX SRP] RIIHMRK XS TVIWIRX themselves and their phones. The problem with our airports today is that www.airportfocusinternational.com

the systems just aren’t joined up – the technology doesn’t communicate, data isn’t shared and therefore the passenger experiences a disjointed journey through the airport as they are bounced between the terminal, airline and MQQMKVEXMSR W]WXIQW GSRXMRYEPP] FIMRK EWOIH XS VIGSRǻVQ [LS XLI] EVI ERH [LMGL ǼMKLX XLI] are on. I’m convinced smartphones will soon VITPEGI XLI FMSQIXVMG GLIGOTSMRX W]WXIQW we’re seeing installed today, freeing airports from cumbersome, high-cost solutions. This is KSMRK XS LETTIR QYGL JEWXIV XLER [I EPP XLMRO – I wouldn’t be surprised if hardware such as ‘cutting edge e-gates’ are redundant in a few years’ time. To move the industry forward, communiGEXMSR FIX[IIR WXEOILSPHIVW MW ZMXEP &MVTSVXW www.airportfocusinternational.com

need software that connects all their systems to capture and interpret the data to provide an accurate view of the airport operation minute by minute. This information can then be shared [MXL XLI EMVPMRIW ERH VIXEMPIVW LIPTMRK XS OIIT all parties informed of the live situation and the implication this has for them at the various HMǺIVIRX TSMRXW SJ E TEWWIRKIVƶW NSYVRI] But perhaps most notable of the shift away JVSQ XLIWI WLSVX XIVQ FMSQIXVMG GLIGOTSMRXW XS[EVHW QSFMPI TLSRI WIPJ MHIRXMǻGEXMSR through the airport journey, will be the new GSQQIVGMEP QSHIPW MX [MPP YRPSGO +SV JEV XSS long, airports and airlines have generated earnings through conventional transactional landing fees or per-passenger charges, more recently WYTTPIQIRXIH F] GEV TEVOMRK ERH VIXEMP ;MXL

the passenger journey digitised, it will be possible to build a ‘connected journey’, inviting other opportunities in a passenger opt-in fashion to monetise the journey, such as connecting Uber to and from the airports, as well as including hotel options and baggage couriers. In a world where people are becoming increasingly technologically independent, smartphones are an enabling technology that could change our air travel experience. Whilst I’m not suggesting that we charter planes through our devices (although Uber helicopters are available in Dubai), the model that Uber uses could certainly provide the basis of the type of communication that airports and airlines can SǺIV XS XLIMV TEWWIRKIVW MR SVHIV XS QEOI XLIMV experience a much more pleasurable one. SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 19

NOTEBOOK | VIEWPOINT

COLLABORATION IS KEY TO DELIVERING SUCCESSFUL PRM SERVICES AT AIRPORTS The aviation industry should be working with with disabled people to create new products and training, driven by the latest technology argues Samantha Berry, Head of Innovation & Regulatory Compliance at OmniServ

20 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

irports and aircraft can be hugely disabling environments, not just in terms of the sheer size and scale of buildings, but also because of the processes that passengers need to go through in order to get SR SV SǺ XLIMV EMVGVEJX 5ISTPI [MXLSYX HMWEFMPMXMIW ǻRH REZMKEXMRK QSHIVR EMVTSVXW HMǽGYPX ERH WXVIWWJYP IRSYKL just imagine how daunting the experience and environment can be for a wheelchair user, or for someone with sight or hearing impairments, or E VERKI SJ PIWW SFZMSYW ƵLMHHIRƶ HMWEFMPMXMIW To deliver the best possible services for passengers with disabilities, we need to make WYVI [I MRZSPZI EPP MRXIVIWXIH TEVXMIW ǻVWX ERH foremost, people living with disabilities and organisations that support them, then airports, airlines, regulatory bodies and the companies, like OmniServ, that provide assistance service XS TEWWIRKIVW Incidentally, the technical term used in the air travel industry is ‘People with Reduced Mobility’, or PRM passengers; while it’s useful shorthand, and I’ll use it in this article, I want to stress that there is a danger that disabled people aren’t necessarily aware of the services EZEMPEFPI XS EWWMWX XLIQ M I MXƶW RSX PMQMXIH XS TVSZMHMRK QSFMPMX] EWWMWXERGI .R Q] ZMI[ XLI term PRM focuses too much on people in [LIIPGLEMVW SV [LS RIIH LIPT [EPOMRK &W .ƶZI QIRXMSRIH EFSZI XLIVI EVI WMKRMǻGERX numbers of passengers who have ‘hidden’ HMWEFMPMXMIW WYGL EW &YXMWQ SV XLI] PMZI [MXL QIHMGEP IUYMTQIRX WYGL EW GSPSWXSQ] FEKW We must ensure they are aware of the assisXERGI [I GER SǺIV XLIQ ERH XLIMV RIIHW QYWX be included in discussions which focus on future strategy at airports such as expansion at -IEXLVS[ /YWX FIGEYWI WSQISRIƶW EWWMWXERGI needs aren’t immediately obvious, doesn’t

QIER XLI] HSRƶX RIIH LIPT There are both moral and economic reasons as to why our industry needs to get EGGIWWMFMPMX] VMKLX +MVWX XLI QSVEP SRI *ZIV]SRI WLSYPH FI treated equally, regardless of race, sex, creed, lifestyle and disability, and most countries around the world recognise those rights and LEZI IRWLVMRIH XLIQ MR PE[ .R XLI *YVSTIER Union and the US, disabled passengers have a clear legal right to be given the same opportuRMXMIW XS XVEZIP F] EMV EW ER]SRI IPWI But we need to do more than just pay lip service to the legal requirements; we need to QEOI MX TEVX SJ SYV )3& XS XV] SYV LEVHIWX XS give PRM passengers – whether they have a visible or invisible disability – access to the WEQI I\TIVMIRGI EW IZIV]SRI IPWI QMPPMSR TISTPI MR XLI 90 LEZI E HMWEFMPMX] SJ WSQI WSVX 8LEXƶW SRI MR IZIV] ǻZI TISTPI But for those people for whom doing what’s right just ‘doesn’t cut it’, there is a very compelling set of business reasons for making sure disabled people enjoy the best possible airport ERH EMVPMRI I\TIVMIRGI &GGSVHMRK XS (MZMP &ZMEXMSR &YXLSVMX] WXEXMWXMGW 90 EMV XVEZIP KVI[ FIX[IIR Ƴ During the same period of time, the numbers of passengers requiring assistance has grown ER MRGVIHMFPI GPIEVP] E LYKIP] KPS[MRK QEVOIX WIGXSV Heathrow is the world’s second busiest airport in terms of international passenger ǼMKLXW &W XLI WTIGMEP EWWMWXERGI TVSZMHIV EX -IEXLVS[ XLI 4QRM IVZ XIEQ EWWMWXIH QMPPMSR TEWWIRKIVW MR 3IEVP] SJ XLSWI passengers required non-mobility support as XLI] XVEZIPPIH XLVSYKL XLI EMVTSVX XEXMWXMGW WLS[ XLEX SRI MR ǻZI TISTPI MR the UK have a disability of some kind – a total www.airportfocusinternational.com

SJ QMPPMSR TISTPI 8LI 90Æ¶W (MZMP &ZMEXMSR &YXLSVMX] LEW GSQQMWWMSRIH VIWIEVGL [LMGL WYKKIWXW XLEX SJ 90 GMXM^IRW EZSMH XVEZIPPMRK by air because of a hidden disability â&#x20AC;&#x201C; such as dementia, autism or because they live with a GSPSWXSQ] FEK In the UK alone, the so called â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Purple poundâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the spending power of people with disabilities Æ³ MW IWXMQEXIH EX EVSYRH f R ERH VIWIEVGL by The Papworth Trust found two-thirds of disabled passengers would travel more often if XLI] FIPMIZIH MX [IVI IEWMIV XS HS WS .X MW JSV SYV industry to improve that perception and we can SRP] HS MX F] [SVOMRK GSPPEFSVEXMZIP] In fact, research shows that disabled people: â&#x20AC;¢ Have the tendency to become a brand advocate for a brand that looks after them ERH XLIMV WTIGMÇ»G RIIHW â&#x20AC;¢ 'IGSQI VIKYPEV GYWXSQIVW EJXIV Ç»RHMRK E tourism facility that suits their needs; â&#x20AC;¢ 8IRH XS XEOI PSRKIV LSPMHE]W HE]W ZW WLSVX FVIEOW HE]W â&#x20AC;¢ 8IRH RSX XS XVEZIP EPSRI Æ³ [MXL E TEVXRIV [MXL JEQMP] ERH JVMIRHW ERH [MXL E GSQTERMSR

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.Æ¶ZI QIRXMSRIH Ç»ZI OI] WXEOILSPHIV KVSYTW that should be involved in the development of Best Practice in delivering PRM services for air travellers â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the disabled community and support organisations, airports and airlines, regulators and the companies actually dePMZIVMRK XLI WIVZMGIW . EPWS FIPMIZI [I RIIH to add two more stakeholder groups â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the medical community and academics, and the high tech industry (although often, these two KVSYTW [SVO XSKIXLIV Technology is revolutionising all our lives and can provide massive support for disabled TISTPI XLVSYKL XLI YWI SJ EWWMWXMZI XIGLRSPSK] OmniServ is always assessing new technology and investing in anything that can help us deliver a better quality for service for PRM pasWIRKIVW S MR EHHMXMSR XS FMK XMGOIX MXIQW PMOI new lifting vehicles to speed up embarkation and disembarkation for disabled passengers, we are also rolling out new electric wheelchair movers, which can push multiple chairs, either [MXL SV [MXLSYX TEWWIRKIVW But there are even more exciting ideas weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve FIIR XIWXMRK Æ³ PMOI XLI VIZSPYXMSREV] /ETEnese-designed WHILL high-tech wheelchair

which Heathrow and ourselves recently trialled XS QEVO XLI XL ERRMZIVWEV] SJ .RXIVREXMSREP ;LIIPGLEMV )E] The WHILL was designed by a start-up company created by a team of engineers JVSQ /ETERIWI GSQTERMIW SR] 8S]SXE Olympus and Panasonic â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a perfect example of collaboration! When used in conjunction with beacon technology, mobile devices and other hightech systems, WHILL wheelchairs can be controlled using smartphones, giving PRM passengers more autonomy and control over XLIMV S[R NSYVRI] Our industry shouldnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be waiting for people to come to us with solutions â&#x20AC;&#x201C; we should be working together with disabled people to create new products and training, driven by the latest techRSPSK] 8LMW EPSRK [MXL RI[ [E]W XS HIPMZIV 572 services, will ensure that everyone, no matter what their ability, has the same chance to enjoy air XVEZIP ;I RIIH XS HVMZI XLEX GSPPEFSVEXMSR EGVSWW all stakeholders so that disabled passengers GSRWMWXIRXP] VIGIMZI WEJI IRNS]EFPI ERH HMKRMÇ»IH experiences, wherever the airport, whichever the EMVPMRI [LSIZIV XLI WIVZMGI TVSZMHIV SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 21

NOTEBOOK | CASE STUDY

Revaluating the ground experience: The value of a shared-use lounge Errol McGlothan, Director, Airport Lounge Development says that airlines are re-evaluating the ground experience making airside real estate more important than ever

Errol McGlothan, Director, Airport Lounge Development 22 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

irport real estate is in higher demand than ever before. Retail remains a key priority ERH MW LMKLP] TVSǻXEFPI WTIRHMRK MR EMVports reached a global total of $38 billion in 2016 and is expected to grow by 27 per cent to reach $49 billion by 2021 – it’s no wonder it’s hotly contested. Many airports are now expanding the number of retail outlets they have, while brands, in particular luxury stores and restaurants, have become increasingly bullish to claim them. Some brands are even building pop up experiences, spanning from food and fashion, to wellness and children’s toys, to capitalise on passengers’ time at the airport. We’re also seeing a huge growth in demand for lounge space in airports thanks to the rise of premium lounge programmes and as leading products, such as Priority Pass, are bundled with high-tier credit cards. As more travellers look for access to airport lounges, smaller airport operators are recognising that there is a demand which needs to be met if they are to FI ǻVWX GLSMGI JSV JVIUYIRX Ǽ]IVW Airlines are beginning to re-evaluate the ƸKVSYRH I\TIVMIRGIƹ ERH EVI WYFWIUYIRXP] MRZIWXMRK MR LMKL UYEPMX] I\GPYWMZI PSYRKIW for top-tier passengers. With little room for QERSIYZVI MR XLI MR ǼMKLX I\TIVMIRGI EMVWMHI VIEP IWXEXI SǺIVW E ZEPYEFPI STTSVXYRMX] XS HMǺIVIRXMEXI XLIMV SǺIVMRK ERH IRWYVI XVEZIPPIVWƶ demands for luxury are met on the ground in EHZERGI SJ E ǼMKLX Combined, these trends mean airport lounge space is a highly valued commodity, but one XLEX RIIHW XS FI YWIH IǽGMIRXP] SV JEGI TVIWWYVI JVSQ TVSǻXEFPI GSQTIXMXSVW MR VIXEMP SV JSSH and beverage. Lounges have some natural EHZERXEKIW MR XLMW ǻKLX JSV WTEGI XLI] EVI more easily located on mezzanine levels, for example, unlike stores. But any lounge needs to make sure it is being used to its maximum potential – no operator wants a negative asset on its books. Big global airline operators are beginning to take steps to ensure lounges are being YWIH IǽGMIRXP] &PPMERGIW WYGL EW O]8IEQ SV 8&7 IREFPI QYPXMTPI EMVPMRIW XS MRZIWX MR lounge spaces. But such a model won’t work

for every operator. 8LIVI EVI ER MRGVIEWMRK RYQFIV SJ MRRSZEXMZI approaches that airlines can take to ensure that lounges form an important part of their on-ground experience, wherever they operate in the world. THESE INCLUDE: USE EXISTING SHARED-USE OPERATOR +SV XLSWI EMVPMRIW [MXL SRP] SRI SV X[S ǼMKLXW HITEVXMRK ER EMVTSVX E HE] MXƶW RSX TEVXMGYPEVP] IǽGMIRX to invest in lounge space, even if they want to provide a premium experience for passengers. 8LIWI EMVPMRIW QMKLX MRWXIEH GLSSWI XS [SVO with a lounge operator to develop a sharedYWI NSMRXP] S[RIH PSYRKI 8LI PSYRKI MW EZEMPE-

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ble to the airline’s passengers, while also being opened-up to broader customer bases, such as members of Priority Pass. Each new, non-airline KYIWX MW EHHMXMSREP VIZIRYI IGSRSQMIW SJ WGEPI mean costs for catering and management are reduced, and there are no long periods of time where the lounge is empty. Working with airline operators, we’ve emTPS]IH XLMW QSHIP XS KVIEX WYGGIWW MR 8LI (PYF at Las Vegas NV International, and the Club MCO at Orlando FL International. We expect to see this model grow in popularity in 2018. PARTNERSHIP WITH SHARED-USE OPERATOR Airlines that have already invested in lounge WTEGIW FYX [LS ǻRH XLEX XLI] EVI RSX FIMRK used as often as they could be, might choose to follow another route. Whilst retaining ownership of the lease, an airline can partner with an operator, such as Airport Lounge Development, to manage the lounge and broaden the GYWXSQIV FEWI F] SǺIVMRK XLI PSYRKI XS SXLIV customer bases.

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Airlines can then choose exclusive-use for their premium customers during the few select hours when their passengers are in the airport. 8LI GSWX SJ VYRRMRK XLI PSYRKI GER FI PS[IVIH by securing revenue by allowing passengers XVEZIPPMRK SR HMǺIVIRX EMVPMRIW SV PSYRKI EGGIWW programme members, to use it for the remainder of the day. OUTSOURCED TO SHARED-USE OPERATOR Alternatively, airlines might choose to outsource the management and operation of the lounge to an operator like ALD. In a similar vein, the airline may seek to have exclusive lounge access during certain hours, even while ceding ownership of a lounge to a separate PSYRKI STIVEXSV 8LMW [EW XLI QSHIP XLEX [I JSPPS[IH [MXL 8LI (PYF EX 5-< MR 5LSIRM\ &> O] -EVFSV .RXIVREXMSREP XEOMRK SZIV E 'VMXMWL Airways lounge and rebranding it as our own, while maintaining access for BA passengers HYVMRK '& ǼMKLX LSYVW '] STIRMRK YT EGGIWW XS new guests, such as Priority Pass members, the PSYRKI LEW FIRIǻXXIH EPP TEVXMIW MX LEW PS[IVIH

BA’s cost, whilst delivering great service for XLIMV GYWXSQIVW ERH SǺIVMRK XLMVH TEVX] GYWXSQers access to a lounge in an airport where they previously had no access. FINAL THOUGHTS 8LIVI EVI GPIEVP] TPIRX] SJ HMǺIVIRX STXMSRW available for airline operators today and the PMWX MW WYVI XS KVS[ EW XLI] XV] XS FEPERGI TVSǻX against delivering a great customer experience to passengers. What’s clear is that to ensure EMVTSVX PSYRKIW VIQEMR IǽGMIRX ERH EVI FIMRK used to their full potential, there needs to be a change in the way they are used and how EMVPMRIW ETTVSEGL E PSYRKI SǺIVMRK Looking ahead, we might even see airlines partner with lounge operators to help them MQTVSZI SV HMǺIVIRXMEXI XLIMV SR XLI KVSYRH experience in innovative new ways, from concierge services to on-the-go retail or food ERH HVMRO 8LI EMVTSVX MW E WTEGI SJ GSRWXERX evolution and there are exciting times ahead – so keep an eye out as these changes start to roll out worldwide.

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 23

SECURITY/BAGGAGE SCREENING

CABIN PRESSURE

24 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

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Cabin baggage management and screening is becoming the number one bottleneck for airports and passengers as they make their way through increasingly complex protocols. Trials of technology to speed up the process is underway but how much longer will it take to make a real impact on waiting times? Airport Focus International looks at the issues and asks a major airport scanning supplier how the industry is addressing the problem

www.airportfocusinternational.com

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 25

SECURITY/BAGGAGE SCREENING

id the administrators who imposed the various security and size restrictions on carry on bags in the last 10 years somehow think that it would encourage airport users to check the vast majority of their possessions into the aircraftâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hold? If they did it was a vain hope set to be dashed by market forces beyond their control. The trend towards increased volumes of cabin bags has been fueled by the dominance of low cost carriers, their business models which often charge for checked luggage, and the inclinations of passengers who have grown weary 26 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

of constant delays and would do anything to reduce waiting time door to door, even if that means cramming their belongings into one small case or bag. The protocols have also been overrun by the realities of modern life. The very items they target are being carried in increasing quantities not less. Passengers in large numbers want to take their own food and drink on board, even SR PSRK LEYP ÇźMKLXW (SWQIXMGW ERH WOMR GEVI health products have increased in diversity and use and the average person carries with them up to three electronic devices which they www.airportfocusinternational.com

expect to have access to. So how have the habits of passengers and the regulations that restrict them reached this impasse? A BRIEF HISTORY OF RESTRICTION Following the terrorist attempts to blow up WIZIVEP EMVGVEJX HYVMRK ÇźMKLX YWMRK LSQIQEHI explosives carried inside soft drink bottles at London-Heathrow Airport in 2006, the EuroTIER (SQQMWWMSR XLI 9 ERH QER] SXLIV countries adopted additional rules on aviation WIGYVMX] XS EHHVIWW XLMW RI[P] MHIRXMÇťIH XLVIEX www.airportfocusinternational.com

The new rules restricted passengers on carrying liquids, aerosols and gels (LAGs) of a certain size past screening points, whether on their person or in their hand luggage. This ban was envisaged as a temporary restriction to be lifted when suitable technology to screen liquids for explosives became readily available. But it is still very much with us and [LIR ÇťVWX MRXVSHYGIH [EW E GEYWI SJ LIEZMIV workloads and bottlenecks in police operated and outsourced security checkpoints at airports. As processes for dealing with LAGs and electronic devices developed within airports it was envisaged that these teething problems [SYPH ÇźEXXIR SYX ERH HIPE]W [SYPH FI VIHYGIH but have they? Zurich Airport in Switzerland for example has conducted a study on baggage screening technology and processes and passenger behavior after noticing an alarming drop in throughput in their security control areas over the last four years. IGYVMX] WXEÇş EX >YVMGL TVSGIWW QMPPMSR passengers who come through the airport each year and passenger numbers have been rising steadily. At the same time, as is the trend with other airports, hold baggage has been decreasing, given that many airlines now charge up to â&#x201A;Ź50 for each additional bag brought on to the aircraft but stored in the hold. Zurich points out that new products from airlines encourage passengers to put all their belongings into their carry on baggage. This is in addition to other changes in passenger behaviour over the last 20 years which has increased the complexity of carry on baggage content and its impact on the security process. This has led to even more complex rules about carry on bags as the screening process TEVXMGYPEVP] MR XLI 9 [LIVI XLI 8VERWTSVX Security Administration further tightened its rules earlier this year relating to the screening of electronic devices. The new security measures require travelers to place all electronic devices larger than a cell phone in bins for X-ray screening when going through the security checkpoint. The electronics should be placed in a bin with nothing on top or below, similar to how laptops have been screened for several years. The new screening procedures were tested at 10 airports across the country over the past

several months. The procedures are schedules to be implemented at all airports nationwide by XLI IRH SJ The TSA says that my removing electronics larger than a cell phone from the carry-on bag, 8 & SÇ˝GIVW GER KIX E GPIEV ZMI[ SR XLI < VE] screen of the electronics as well as a clearer and uncluttered view of the contents of the carry-on bag. But this is not very good news for passengers who now have an extra task to perform in addition to removing their one bag containing liquids, gels and aerosols in quantities of less than 100 ml (3.4 ounces) from their carry-on bag. They have also been given advice not to Ć¸SZIVWXYÇşĆš XLI GEVV] SR FEK Ć¸&R YRGPYXXIVIH bag makes the screening process easier ERH UYMGOIV JSV TEWWIRKIVW ERH 8 & SÇ˝GIVW (SRWMHIV GLIGOMRK FEKW [LIR JIEWMFPI Ćš MW XLI message the TSA has conveyed. Yet still the numbers keep rising and in many places the false rejection rates for cabin FEKKEKI .R XLI 9 XLI 8VERWTSVX IGYVMX] &HQMRMWXVEXMSR 8 & WIIW QSVI XLER ÇťZI QMPPMSR pieces of cabin baggage passing through its airports each day. TRIALS IN THREE AIRPORTS Three airports are now piloting technology to address this issue - Heathrow, Schiphol and New York's John F. Kennedy. The science behind the new screening systems is not new â&#x20AC;&#x201C; they use the same methods that have been deployed to screen luggage that goes in the hold but the top end systems allow liquids aerosols and gels and electronics to remain in hand luggage as it passes through the scanner. .R XLI *9 TEWWIH GSQQSR WXERHEVHW for screening systems - Explosive Detection ]WXIQW JSV (EFMR 'EKKEKI *) (' 8LIWI set out the requirements for airport baggage WGERRIVW E ( QEGLMRI QIER IPIGXMSRW ERH PMUYMHW QYWX FI VIQSZIH ( WXEXIW IPIGXVSRMGW can stay in bags but liquids must be removed ERH EX XLI ( WXERHEVH RSXLMRK LEW XS FI XEOIR out of a bag. So airports still have the choice which system they want to operate although passengers of course would prefer not to have remove anything from their bags as they go through the security zone. SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 27

TECHNICAL VIEW: Q&A

28 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

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Hans-Joachim Schöpe, CTiX Product Manager, Smiths Detection and Kevin Riordan, Head – Checkpoint Solutions, Smiths Detection, talk to Airport Focus International about the development of cabin baggage screening technology

Hans-Joachim Schöpe, CTiX Product Manager, Smiths Detection

Kevin Riordan, Head – Checkpoint Solutions, Smiths Detection

www.airportfocusinternational.com

1. One of the main frustrations for airport passengers when going through security is having to remove all liquids, pastes and gels from their hand baggage, the restrictions around packaging these up in one see through sealed bag and other restrictions around laptops and tablet devices. How are screening technology vendors tackling this issue in terms of product development? Hans: Screening technology providers have HIZIPSTIH (SQTYXIH 8SQSKVETL] FEWIH screening systems which can screen for explosives and threat liquids in bags which can contain also laptops or other large electronics. .R *YVSTI XLI ǻVWX W]WXIQW LEZI FIIR ETTVSZIH F] *(&( EKEMRWX XLI *9 *) (' ( WXERHEVH that allows in general passengers to leave liquids and laptops in their belongings.

trials have shown that the passenger throughput and queueing time can be improved by YWMRK ( GIVXMǻIH IUYMTQIRX

2. We understand that a number of airports are undertaking trials of scanning hand luggage for liquids using CT detection technology. How have those trials progressed? Hans: =IW ǻVWX XVMEPW LEZI WLS[R XLEX XLI YWI SJ (8 XIGLRSPSK] GER MRGVIEWI XLI TEWWIRKIV throughput at the checkpoint and increase the passenger convenience at the same time by EPPS[MRK XS PIEZI PETXSTW PEVKI IPIGXVSRMGW ERH liquids in their belongings. However, trials are still ongoing at various airports.

5. If CT scanning of hand luggage becomes the accepted norm what impact do you think this will have on airports in terms of operational planning and expenditure? Kevin: 8LI MQTEGX SJ MRGVIEWIH IǽGMIRG] EX XLI checkpoint allows airports to make better use of their existing assets and perhaps e.g. delay terminal expansion by several years.

3. What are the technical/operational challenges involved in scanning hand luggage for liquids and electronic items without passengers having to remove these items from their bags. Is there a danger of increasing queue times due to a higher a number of false rejection rates? Hans: One of the challenges is the increased complexity of the generated X-ray images due XS PETXSTW PEVKI IPIGXVSRMGW MR XLI FEKKEKI Operators still need to search for prohibited items such as guns, knives and other objects and may need more time for the image evaluation. Another challenge, of course, is the false EPEVQ VEXI &PP GIVXMǻIH *) (' < VE] IUYMTQIRX generates a certain false alarm rate and these bags typically need to be manually checked. At least these two challenges compromise the increased throughput that is achieved by reducing the number of trays per passenger because passengers can leave electronics and PMUYMHW MR XLI FIPSRKMRKW &PP MR EPP ǻVWX &MVTSVX

4. CT detection technology has been used for many years to scan hold luggage. Why has the industry taken so long to develop equipment using the same technology that can scan hand luggage? Are the problems technical, regulatory or a bit of both? Hans: Developed originally for medical appliGEXMSRW (8 [EW ǻVWX YWIH JSV LSPH FEKKEKI security scanners in the early 1990s. It has taken time for both regulatory and technological advancements to make it a viable option for cabin baggage, bearing in mind the checkpoint environment demands something much smaller, lighter and less intrusive.

6. Is the airport screening regulatory framework within Europe and the US ready for this step change or is there still a lot of work to be done? Kevin: The regulatory framework is in place and the performance standards developed with the goal of supporting process changes at the checkpoint. The details related to how these changes will be implemented are being ǻREPMWIH ERH [MPP FI MRJSVQIH F] XLI VIWYPXW SJ operational trials. 7. Do you think it would be possible in the future to fully automate the hand luggage screening process to speed up the airport security process using technology that exists/or is in development now? Kevin: This is technically possible but is dependent on the development of new analysis techniques e.g. using AI and how regulators assess the evolving threat and related risks. It is certainly the goal to continually improve the performance of these machines both in terms of detection capability but also reducing the number of alarms that need to be resolved by WGVIIRMRK WXEǺ SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 29

ICT/DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

CULTURE CLASH 30 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

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Airports talk a lot about the importance of developing a digital business model which relies less on traditional aviation revenues but this requires close co-operation with key stakeholders not least of which is airlines. Yet these two aviation â&#x20AC;&#x153;partnersâ&#x20AC;? are more divided than ever on how traditional revenue streams such as airport charges are operated. Gary Mason reports from the ACI Congress in Brussels on what is becoming a watershed issue for the industry

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SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 31

ICT/DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

LEXƶW XLI HMǺIVIRX QMRHWIX FIX[IIR EMVPMRIW ERH EMVTSVXW [LIR MX GSQIW XS TVSQSXMRK XLIMV FVERH ERH QE\MQM^MRK XLIMV GSQQIVGMEP VIZIRYIW$ & HIPIKEXI EXXIRHMRK E VIGIRX EZMEXMSR GSRJIVIRGI WYQQIH MX YT EW JSPPS[W -I EXXIRHIH X[S EZMEXMSR GSRJIVIRGIW MR XLI WTEGI SJ E JI[ HE]W 8LI ǻVWX [EW ER EMVPMRI GSRJIVIRGI [LMGL LI WEMH [EW JYPP SJ FVEWL TIVWSREPMXMIW PSYH ERH SYXWTSOIR I\IGYXMZIW [LS [IVI ZIV] GSQQIVGMEPP] JSGYWIH ERH XEPOIH GSRWXERXP] EFSYX LS[ XLI] [IVI XVERWJSVQMRK XLIMV FYWMRIWWIW XLVSYKL E HMKMXEP WXVEXIK] -I EPWS RSXMGIH [LEX ETTIEVIH XS FI E HIPMFIVEXI HIGMWMSR F] VITVIWIRXEXMZIW JVSQ PS[ GSWX GEVVMIVW RSX XS [IEV E XMI IZIR XLSYKL XLMW [EW FEWMGEPP] E FYWMRIWW QIIXMRK SQILS[ [IEVMRK E XMI LEH EWWSGMEXMSRW [MXL ƸSPH WGLSSP XLMROMRK ƹ 8LI HIPIKEXI EPWS EXXIRHIH ER .(&4 GSRJIVIRGI [LIVI IZIV]SRI TVIWIRX [EW [IEVMRK E XMI ERH XLI] [IVI XEPOMRK QSWXP] EFSYX MWWYIW ERH VIKYPEXMSRW [LMGL HEXIH FEGO XS XLI W .W XLMW E JEMV VIǼIGXMSR SJ XLI HMǺIVIRGI MR EXXMXYHI$ &VI EMVTSVXW EW E FVERH WXYGO MR XLI QMHHPI FIX[IIR ZIV] GSQQIVGMEPP] HVMZIR EMVPMRIW ERH SR SPH JEWLMSRIH VIKYPEXMSR HVMZIR FYWMRIWW GYPXYVI$

32 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

)V 2MGLEIP 0IVOPSL MW (*4 SJ 2YRMGL &MVTSVX ERH EW TVIWMHIRX SJ &(. *YVSTI VITVIWIRXW XLI MRXIVIWXW SJ QSVI XLER EMVTSVXW MR *YVSTIER GSYRXVMIW -I WE]W LI LEW RSXMGIH E HMǺIVIRX ETTVSEGL XS EMVTSVX FVERHW HITIRHMRK SR [LIVI XLI] EVI PSGEXIH +SV I\EQTPI MR *YVSTI EMVTSVXW EVI WSQIXMQIW HITMGXIH MR E RIKEXMZI PMKLX MR XLI QIHME [LIVIEW MR &WME ERH (LMRE [LIVI E PSX SJ XLI EMVTSVX MRJVEWXVYGXYVI MW VIGIRX XLIVI MW E WIRWI SJ TVMHI MR [LEX MW FIMRK HIZIPSTIH ERH EGLMIZIH 'YX XLI TSPMXMGEP PERHWGETI SJ *YVSTI LEH FIIR ZMXEP MR XLI [E] EMVTSVXW LEZI HIZIPSTIH XLIMV GSQQIVGMEP ETTVSEGL ERH XLIMV VIPEXMSRWLMT [MXL GEVVMIVW TEVXMGYPEVP] PS[ GSWX GEVVMIVW Ƹ&W EMVTSVXW [I HS VIGSKRMWI XLI MQTSVXERGI SJ XLI *YVSTIER TVSNIGX XS EZMEXMSR ƹ LI WE]W Ƹ.X [EW XLI *9 [LS KEZI XLI EMVTSVXW XLI [MRKW XS Ǽ] EPPS[MRK XLIQ XS QEVOIX XLIQWIPZIW XS ER] *YVSITER EMVPMRI ERH XS HIZIPST XLIMV VSYXI RIX[SVO [MXLSYX ER] VIWXVMGXMSRW ƹ -I WE]W XLMW TSPMXMGEP FEGOMRK KEZI EMVTSVXW E ƸRI[ WXVEXIKMG VIPIZERGIƹ [SVOMRK [MXL XLI WYTTSVX SJ PSGEP EYXLSVMXMIW FYWMRIWWIW ERH EMVPMRIW XS HIZIPST XLIMV GSQQIVGMEP QSHIP Ƹ;LIR ER EMVTSVX EGLMIZIW E TIV GIRX KEMR MR EMV GSRRIGXMZMX] ,)5 TIV GETMXE MRGVIEWIW F] TIV GIRX ƹ LI WE]W www.airportfocusinternational.com

8LI GLEPPIRKI JSV EMVTSVXW LS[IZIV MW XLI EFMPMX] XS GSRXMRYI XS MRZIWX MR XLIMV MRJVEWXVYGXYVI ERH JYRH XLI KVS[XL XLEX MW HIQERHIH F] XLI Ǽ]MRK TYFPMG XLVSYKL XLIMV S[R VIZIRYIW .X GSYPH FI EVKYIH XLEX XLI QEMR XIRWMSR TSMRX TVIZIRXMRK FIXXIV GSQQIVGMEP GS STIVEXMSR FIX[IIR EMVPMRIW ERH EMVTSVXW MW XLI MWWYI SJ EMVTSVX GLEVKIW Ƹ.R XLI TEWX JI[ ]IEVW [I LEZI FIIR HVE[R MRXS ER EGVMQSRMSYW GSRXVSZIVW] [MXL EMVPMRIW ƹ )V 0IVOPSL [EVRW Ƹ8LI VIWYPX MW XLEX [LMPI XLI PSRK XIVQ GLEPPIRKIW EZMEXMSR MW JEGMRK LEZI RIZIV FIIR WS HEYRXMRK EMVTSVXW ERH EMVPMRIW EVI QSVI HMZMHIH XLER IZIV ƹ -I GMXIW XLI EGXMZMXMIW SJ XLI RI[ YQFVIPPE SVKERMWEXMSR JSV XLI QEMR *YVSTIER GEVVMIVW &MVPMRIW JSV *YVSTI & * EW E QENSV W]QTXSQ SJ XLMW FVIEOHS[R & * [ERXW XS PS[IV XLI GSWX SJ XLI *9ƶW EMVTSVXW F] IRWYVMRK XLEX QSRSTSP] EMVTSVXW

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“ ...AIRPORT CHARGES SHOULD BE BASED ON EFFICIENT COSTS AND INVESTMENTS THAT DELIVER THE SERVICES THAT PASSENGERS AND AIRLINES REQUIRE.”

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 33

ICT/DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

HAS AIR RPORT LEAD DERSHIP GRASPED D THE RCIAL AGE? NEW COMMER /SWITL 1STERS (*4 SJ 8EQTE .RXIVREXMSREP &MVTSVX WE]W XLEX [MXL QER] EMVTSVXW RS[ XLIVI LEW FIIR E WIE GLERKI MR XIVQW SJ E QSVI GSQQIVGMEP PIEHIVWLMT WX]PI Ƹ.R XLI TEWX PIEHIVWLMT [EW QSVI MR XLI WX]PI SJ IRKMRIIVW [LS ORI[ EFSYX PEVKI FYMPHMRKW ERH MRJVEWXVYGXYVI RS[ XLI EMVTSVX FVERH MW VYR F] PIEHIVW [LS EVI JSGYWIH SR QEOMRK MX GSRWYQIV JVMIRHP] 8LSQEW ;SPHF]I (*4 SJ (STIRLEKIR &MVTSVX FIPMIZIW XLEX EMVTSVXW EVI KIXXMRK ƸWI\MIVƹ XS TYX MX WMQTP] ERH XLEX LEW FIIR XLI QEMR FVERH XVERWMXMSR Ƹ& PSX SJ XLMW XVIRH WXEVXIH MR &WME [MXL MRKETSVI ERH -SRK 0SRK ISYP 'IMNMRK ERH 'ERKOSO [LS HIZIPSTIH WXEXI SJ XLI EVX EMVTSVXW WSQIXMQIW EW TEVX SJ REXMSREP TVSQSXMSR TVSNIGXW &MVTSVXW MR *YVSTI LEZI RS[ GEYKLX SRXS XLEX XVIRH ERH EVI XV]MRK XS QEOI XLIQWIPZIW QSVI WI\] TPEGIW XS FI MR Ƹ 8LI EMVTSVX MRHYWXV] LEW FIIR JSRH SJ QEVOIXMRK WPSKERW EPSRK XLI PMRIW SJ ƸIZIV] NSYVRI] WXEVXW EX ER EMVTSVXƹ FYX MW MX QSVI XLI GEWI XSHE] XLEX IZIV] NSYVRI] WXEVXW [MXL ,SSKPI$ &RH MWRƶX MX EPWS XVYI XLEX ,SSKPI LEW MRJSVQEXMSR EFSYX LS[ IEGL TEWWIRKIV VIEGLIH XLIMV HIGMWMSR SJ LS[ XS XVEZIP [LMGL MW JEV QSVI ZEPYEFPI GSQQIVGMEPP] XLER NYWX LEZMRK XLIQ EVVMZI MRWMHI ]SYV EMVTSVX FYMPHMRK$ .J EMVTSVXW EVI SPH JEWLMSRIH TL]WMGEP FVERHW [MXL MRJVEWXVYGXYVI FEWIH MR E WTIGMǻG PSGEXMSR XLEX HSIW RSX QSZI LS[ HS XLI] VIPEXI XS ZMVXYEP FVERHW XLEX LEZI RSRI SJ XLSWI GSRWXVEMRXW$

34 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

8LSQEW ;SPHF]I EVKYIW XLEX (STIRLEKIR PMOI QER] SXLIV EMVTSVXW JYPP] YRHIVWXERHW XLMW Ƹ;I [SVO ZIV] LEVH SR SYV FVERH MR FSXL XLI TL]WMGEP ERH ZMVXYEP [SVPHW FYX . XLMRO MX MW MQTSVXERX XS JSGYW SR HEXE KEXLIVMRK XLEX [MPP FIRIǻX TEWWIRKIVW HMVIGXP] 8LMW QIERW [SVOMRK ZIV] LEVH [MXL TEVXRIVW FIGEYWI MX MW RSX NYWX SYV HEXE SV XLIMV HEXE .J [I TSSP MX MR XLI VMKLX [E] MX [MPP TVSZMHI E KVIEXIV FIRIǻX JSV IZIV]SRI -I EHHW XLEX MJ EVXMǻGMEP FEVVMIVW EVI TYX MR XLI [E] SJ WLEVMRK HEXE EX EMVTSVXW WIEVGL IRKMRIW WYGL EW ,SSKPI [MPP NYWX GSQI MR ERH HS MX ER][E] &VREYH +IMWX LIEH SJ 'VYWWIPW &MVTSVX WE]W GSQTERMIW PMOI ,SSKPI QE] RSX TSWI ER MQQIHMEXI XLVIEX XS XLI EZMEXMSR QEVOIX RS[ FIGEYWI XLI] LEZI WS QYGL HEXE ERH EVI FYW] HSMRK SXLIV XLMRKW Ƹ,SSKPI LEZI XLI HEXE FYX . XLMRO VMKLX RS[ XLI] HSRƶX ORS[ LS[ XS YWI MX ƹ LI WE]W Ƹ'YX XLEX HSIWRƶX QIER XLI] EVI RSX E XLVIEX MR XLI PSRKIV XIVQ ;I RIIH XS NSMR JSVGIW [MXL XLI EMVPMRIW XS QEOI WYVI XLEX EX PIEWX [I EVI EFPI XS GSQTIXI [MXL XLIWI GSQTERMIW MJ ERH [LIR XLI] GSQI MRXS XLI EMVTSVX WIGXSV &MVTSVXW LEZI XLI TL]WMGEP QEVOIX TPEGI MR XIVQW SJ FYMPHMRKW ERH WLSTW ERH TPERIW Ƴ FYX [I RIIH XS HIZIPST XLI ZMVXYEP QEVOIX TPEGI EW [IPP ;I GER SRP] HS XLEX F] [SVOMRK [MXL XLI EMVPMRIW XS WLEVI XLI HEXE EFSYX TEWWIRKIVW [LIR XLI] EVI MR XLI EMVTSVX ERH SR XLI TPERI ƹ

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“EVEN IF AIRPORT CHARGES WERE ABOLISHED TODAY THE TICKET PRICE BETWEEN BRUSSELS AND STRASBOURG DURING THE SESSIONS OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT MAY STILL COST MORE THAN 700 EUROS.” www.airportfocusinternational.com

EVI IǺIGXMZIP] VIKYPEXIH XLEX TEWWIRKIVW VIGIMZI XLI JYPP FIRIǻX SJ XLI RSR EIVSREYXMGEP VIZIRYIW [LMGL XLI] KIRIVEXI EX EMVTSVXW ERH XLEX GLEVKIW EVI GSWX VIPEXIH IǽGMIRX ERH RSR HMWGVMQMREXSV] & * EVKYI XLEX EMVTSVX GLEVKIW EGGSYRX JSV EFSYX SJ EMVPMRIWƶ XSXEP GSWX 8LI] GPEMQ XLEX SZIV XLI PEWX XIR ]IEVW EMVTSVX GLEVKIW LEZI VMWIR F] QSVI XLER XLVII UYEVXIVW MR HMVIGX GSRXVEWX XS E HIGVIEWI MR EMV JEVIW HIPMZIVIH F] *YVSTIER EMVPMRIW SZIV XLI WEQI TIVMSH .X WE]W XLEX XLIVI QYWX FI WXVMGX VIKYPEXSV] SZIVWMKLX XS IRWYVI XLEX QSRSTSP] EMVTSVXW HS RSX EFYWI XLIMV HSQMRERX TSWMXMSR F] SZIV MRZIWXMRK SV SZIV GLEVKMRK EMVTSVX YWIVW Ƹ XVSRK VSFYWX MRHITIRHIRX ERH IǺIGXMZI IGSRSQMG VIKYPEXMSR MW RIIHIH XS VITPMGEXI GSQTIXMXMZI QEVOIX SYXGSQIW [LIVI EMVTSVXW IRNS] WMKRMǻGERX QEVOIX TS[IV MR SVHIV XS TVSXIGX YWIVW ERH GSRWYQIVW EKEMRWX EMVTSVXWƶ EFYWIW SJ XLIMV HSQMRERX TSWMXMSR ƹ XLI EWWSGMEXMSR EVKYIW Ƹ.RHIIH EMVTSVX GLEVKIW WLSYPH FI FEWIH SR IǽGMIRX GSWXW ERH MRZIWXQIRXW XLEX HIPMZIV XLI WIVZMGIW XLEX TEWWIRKIVW ERH EMVPMRIW VIUYMVI ERH EVI [MPPMRK XS TE] JSV -IRGI MX MW ZMXEP XLEX XLI RIGIWWMX] ERH XLI GSWX SJ EMVTSVX MRJVEWXVYGXYVI MW NYWXMǻIH XVERWTEVIRX ERH EKVIIH FIX[IIR EMVTSVXW ERH EMVTSVX YWIVW ƹ & * EVKYIW XLEX XLI *9 &MVTSVXW (LEVKIW )MVIGXMZI *( &() [EW QIERX XS LEVQSRM^I XLI VIKYPEXSV] JVEQI[SVO SR EMVTSVX GLEVKIW MR *YVSTI F] WIXXMRK QMRMQYQ VIUYMVIQIRXW SR GSRWYPXEXMSR ERH XVERWTEVIRG] MR SVHIV XS GSQTIRWEXI JSV XLI QEVOIX TS[IV SJ XLI EMVTSVX EW XLI WSPI MRJVEWXVYGXYVI TVSZMHIV EX E KMZIR GMX] SV MR E KMZIR VIKMSR =IX MX WE]W XLI &() LEW JEMPIH XS TVSZMHI XLI VMKLX JVEQI[SVO JSV MRGIRXMZMWMRK EMVTSVXW XS FI IǽGMIRX ERH JSV TVIZIRXMRK I\GIWWMZI GLEVKMRK ERH I\GIWW TVSǻXEFMPMX] .R MXW GYVVIRX JSVQEX EPP XLI &() VIUYMVIW MW • JSV 2IQFIV XEXIW XS LEZI ER MRHITIRHIRX WYTIVZMWSV] EYXLSVMX] . & Ƴ FYX MX HSIW RSX WIX SYX [LEX XLIWI EYXLSVMXMIW WLSYPH HS • JSV EMVTSVXW XS LEZI WSQI XVERWTEVIRG] EVSYRH GSWXW Ƴ FYX MX HSIW RSX WE] LS[ XLIWI GSWXW WLSYPH FI IǽGMIRX ERH GSRXVSPPIH RSV [LEX XLI PIZIP SJ XVERWTEVIRG] ERH GSWX VIPEXIHRIWW VIUYMVIH WLSYPH FI

• J SV EMVTSVXW XS GSRWYPX SR GLEVKIW Ƴ FYX MX HSIW RSX HIXEMP LS[ EMVTSVX YWIVWƶ ZMI[W LEZI XS FI XEOIR MRXS EGGSYRX • JSV EMVTSVXW XS GSRWYPX SR RI[ MRZIWXQIRXW Ƴ FYX MX HSIW RSX HIǻRI LS[ EMVTSVX YWIVWƶ ZMI[W LEZI XS FI XEOIR MRXS EGGSYRX MR XLI QEWXIV TPERRMRK IWTIGMEPP] MR XLI IEVP] WXEKIW SJ MRZIWXQIRX HIGMWMSRW & * LEW EVKYIH XLEX .R MXW GYVVIRX WXEXI XLI &() MW MREHIUYEXI Ƹ.X SRP] HIEPW [MXL XLI TVSGIHYVEP EWTIGX SJ GSRWYPXEXMSR ERH HSIW RSX TVSXIGX EMVTSVX YWIVW JVSQ EMVTSVXWƶ EFYWIW SJ XLIMV QEVOIX TS[IV .R EHHMXMSR XLI &() PIEZIW XSS QYGL VSSQ JSV MRXIVTVIXEXMSR VIWYPXMRK RSX SRP] MR ZIV] LIXIVSKIRISYW REXMSREP VIKYPEXSV] JVEQI[SVOW [MXLMR *YVSTI FYX EPWS MR MRGVIEWIH YRGIVXEMRX] ƹ )V 0IVOPSL WE]W XLEX EMVTSVXW FVSEHP] [IPGSQIH XLI JEGX XLEX EMVPMRIW MR *YVSTI LEZI GSQI YRHIV XLI YQFVIPPE SJ E WMRKPI SVKERMWEXMSR Ƹ'YX [I ZIV] QYGL JIIP XLEX [I QE] FI XLI SRIW TE]MRK XLI TVMGI JSV XLMW RI[ JSYRH YRMX] ƹ LI EHHW Ƹ&MVTSVX GLEVKIW LEZI FIIR E VIPEXMZIP] WQEPP ERH WXEFPI GSQTSRIRX SJ EMVPMRI GSWXW WMRGI 8LIWI HE]W JYIP ERH PEFSYV GSWXW EVI XLI SRIW XS [SVV] EFSYX FYX XS FI LSRIWX XLI IUYEXMSR LIVI MW FIX[IIR PS[IV EMVTSVX GSWXW ERH LMKLIV EMVPMRI IEVRMRKW MX MW RSX EFSYX GSRWYQIV FIRIǻX ƹ )V 0IVOPSL WE]W MX LEW FIIR WLS[R XLEX PS[IV EMVTSVX GLEVKIW HS RSX VIWYPX MR PS[IV EMV JEVIW Ƹ*ZIR MJ EMVTSVX GLEVKIW [IVI EFSPMWLIH XSHE] XLI XMGOIX TVMGI FIX[IIR 'VYWWIPW ERH XVEWFSYVK HYVMRK XLI WIWWMSRW SJ XLI *YVSTIER 5EVPMEQIRX QE] WXMPP GSWX QSVI XLER *YVSW 'YX XLI VMWOW MQTSWIH F] XLI HS[R[EVH TVIWWYVI SR EMVTSVX GLEVKIW XLVSYKL VIKYPEXMSR GERRSX FI MKRSVIH .X [SYPH GSQTVSQMWI EMVTSVXƶW EFMPMX] XS HIPMZIV GETEGMX] ERH UYEPMX] ƹ )V 0IVOPSL EVKYIW XLEX MX MW RS[ XMQI XS ƸRSVQEPM^Iƹ XLI EMVTSVX EMVPMRI VIPEXMSRWLMT WS XLEX MX MW HVMZIR F] GSQQIVGMEP H]REQMGW VEXLIV XLER VIKYPEXSVW -I EPWS GMXIW XLI XVEHMRK MR LMKLP] ZEPYIH WPSXW EX WSQI EMVTSVXW EW ER I\EQTPI SJ E WMXYEXMSR MR [LMGL ƸWSQI EMVPMRIW IRH YT QEOMRK [MRHJEPP TVSJMXW SYX SJ EMVTSVX GSRKIWXMSR ƹ 8LMW QIERW LI EHHW XLEX EMVPMRIW LEZI IZIR PIWW MRGIRXMZI XS WYTTSVX EMVTSVX I\TERWMSR SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 35

ATC/CAPACITY

GROUNDHOG DAY

36 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

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Even a conservative growth estimate in air traffic of just under 2 per cent per annum will leave a big capacity hole for European airports and air navigation providers to fill. So will another recession be needed to save Europeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s creaking ATM system? Gary Mason reports.

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SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 37

ATC/CAPACITY

ast year there were a total of 9.3 million minutes of delay over European airspace caused by strikes, congestion, weather and other issues. With a conservative IWXMQEXI SJ E TIV GIRX KVS[XL MR EMV XVEÇ˝G by 2040 how will Europeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s airports cope in the future given that predictions estimate that 1.5 QMPPMSR I\XVE ÇźMKLXW XLEX EVI VIUYMVIH [MPP RSX FI accommodated because of under capacity? The Singe European Sky project started in 2000 with the aim of reducing the number of delays at European airports and within EU airspace. At that time the continentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s airspace RIX[SVO [EW TPEKYIH F] +VIRGL EMV XVEÇ˝G control strikes and capacity constraints. The problem is that 18 years later those issues very much remain at the forefront of the challenges airports and airlines face. Eamonn Brennan, Director General of Eurocontrol describes it as an ATM â&#x20AC;&#x153;groundhog dayâ&#x20AC;? where you do the same thing over and over EKEMR ]IX I\TIGX HMÇşIVIRX VIWYPXW He told delegates at the ACI Europe conference in Brussels that there are three main MWWYIW EÇşIGXMRK *YVSTIĆśW &82 RIX[SVO [LMGL MW FIMRK QERMJIWXIH EW HIPE]W XS ÇźMKLXW SR XLI ground. There is the fragmentation issue - with every individual EU state managing their own EMV XVEÇ˝G EVVERKIQIRXW ERH [MXL *YVSGSRXVSP trying to stitch the whole thing together. What comes with that is FAR boundaries, monopoly provision of air navigation services and very little incentive to change a system with so many individual players and interests. At the same time there is record demand for ATM services. This year Eurocontrol is I\TIGXMRK E TIV GIRX KVS[XL VEXI MR EMV XVEÇ˝G control demand and this trend is no blip but an ongoing upward curve. After the 2008 slump in XLI RYQFIV SJ ÇźMKLXW GEYWIH F] XLI IGSRSQMG GVEWL XLI PEWX ÇťZI ]IEVW LEW WIIR ZIV] WXVSRK continuous growth in the number of aircraft movements but the same broken system is having to deal with peaks in demand he says. â&#x20AC;&#x153;The interesting thing about the European ATM system is that it always gets rescued by recession,â&#x20AC;? says Brennan. â&#x20AC;&#x153;So if you go back to the year 2000 even then our system was creaking but what turned up? September 11, 2001 [the terrorism attacks on the twin towers in New York]. So we start climbing up the hill again in terms of demand and then in 2008 Lehman bank came along and saved us again along with the Euro crisis and down we go again. Now we are coming to the top of the hill for the third

38 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

time and are facing considerable delays again.â&#x20AC;? .R XLI ÇťZI QSRXLW XS XLI IRH SJ 2E] XLMW ]IEV XLIVI [IVI QMPPMSR ÇźMKLXW MR XLI *YVSTIER ATM network and 6 per cent of those were delayed. The main cause of those delays was &82 WXEÇ˝RK ERH GETEGMX] MWWYIW TIV GIRX and disruptive events - more commonly ORS[R EW E +VIRGL EMV XVEÇ˝G GSRXVSP WXVMOI 'YX Eurocontrol is also certain that unpredictable weather events caused by climate change is FIGSQMRK ER MRGVIEWMRK JEGXSV MR ÇźMKLX HIPE]W .R 2E] XLIVI [IVI SRI QMPPMSR ÇźMKLXW MR XLI European network and 12 per cent of those were delayed. There was also a total of 2.5 million minutes of delay, which means the EZIVEKI HIPE] TIV ÇźMKLX [EW QMRYXIW 8LI [SVWX HIPE]IH ÇźMKLX GEQI MR QMRYXIW PEXIV XLER WGLIHYPIH 8LI ÇťKYVIW EPWS HIQSRWXVEXI

the further away from the centre EU passengers are the worse the delay will be. â&#x20AC;&#x153;What this all boils down to is 1.5 days of lost EMV XVEÇ˝G MR E WMRKPI QSRXL FIGEYWI SJ WXVMOIW SV lack of capacity,â&#x20AC;? says Brennan. â&#x20AC;&#x153;And for airport operators this all impacts on their business models very directly.â&#x20AC;? For the whole of 2017 the system experienced 9.3 million minutes of delay. It has been calculated that each minute of delay costs airport and airlines around $60 so there is a WMKRMÇťGERX IGSRSQMG MQTEGX [LIR XLI GYQYPEXMZI ÇťKYVI MW EHHIH YT '] XLI IRH SJ 2E] 2018 there had already been 4.3 million delayed minutes and Eurocontrol is forecasting by the end of this year they will be 53 per cent worse SÇş XLER XLI] [IVI EX XLI WEQI XMQI PEWX ]IEV â&#x20AC;&#x153;The reason for this is that ATC is a step â&#x20AC;&#x201C; www.airportfocusinternational.com

WHA AT CAUSES DELAYS? '] JEV XLI QSWX WMKRMÇťGERX GEYWI SJ HIPE] MW ĆľVIEGXMSREV]Ćś [LMGL VIJIVW XS XLI PEXI EVVMZEP SJ XLI MRGSQMRK EMVGVEJX SV GSRRIGXMRK ÇźMKLX GVI[ GEVKS EGGSVHMRK XS *YVSGSRXVSP 8LMW EGGSYRXW JSV EFSYX SJ XLI XSXEP EQSYRX SJ HIPE]W MR *YVSTI SV ÇťZI QMRYXIW TIV ÇźMKLX SR EZIVEKI MR 8LMW EPWS I\TPEMRW [L] ]SY EVI QSVI PMOIP] XS FI HIPE]IH MJ ]SY Çź] PEXIV MR XLI HE] VEXLIV XLER MR XLI QSVRMRK .X EPWS QIERW XLEX MJ [I GER QMRMQMWI RSR VIEGXMSREV] HIPE]W GEPPIH ĆľTVMQEV] HIPE]WĆś TEVXMGYPEVP] XLSWI IEVP] MR XLI HE] XLIR XLEX FIRIÇťXW RSX NYWX XLEX ÇźMKLX FYX WYFWIUYIRX ÇźMKLXW EW [IPP *PMQMREXMRK E HIPE] SR XLI ÇťVWX SRI SV X[S QSVRMRK ÇźMKLXW SJ E TEVXMGYPEV EMVGVEJX GSYPH FIRIÇťX all the passengers using that aircraft over the next 15 hours. Airlines could in theory reduce reactionary delays by allowing much more turnaround time FIX[IIR ÇźMKLXW -S[IZIV XLMW [SYPH WMKRMÇťGERXP] MRGVIEWI GSWXW JSV XLI EMVPMRIW [LMGL LEZI FIIR WXVMZMRK XS QEOI XLI XYVREVSYRHW UYMGOIV ERH QSVI IÇ˝GMIRX &MVGVEJX ERH GVI[ EVI SRP] KIRIVEXMRK income when they are in the air and so having a lot of unnecessary slack in the system in order to guard against intermittent delays would mean more expensive fares. Airports also want short XYVREVSYRHW XS QE\MQMWI XLI YWI SJ XLIMV KEXIW WXERHW The next largest group of causes for delay, accounting for about 27% of all delays, is entitled â&#x20AC;&#x153;Airlineâ&#x20AC;?. This term covers a number of areas, including: â&#x20AC;˘ Delays in boarding â&#x20AC;˘ 'EKKEKI LERHPMRK MRGPYHMRK SÇş PSEHMRK XLI FEKKEKI SJ TEWWIRKIVW [LS EVI PEXI EX XLI KEXI â&#x20AC;˘ Aircraft cleaning, fuelling, catering â&#x20AC;˘ Technical defects â&#x20AC;˘ Issues with documentation â&#x20AC;˘ 1EXI GVI[ FSEVHMRK SV GVI[ WLSVXEKI MPPRIWW SQI SJ XLI HITEVXYVI HIPE]W QE] JEPP MR XLI GEXIKSV] SJ Ćľ&MVTSVXĆś VEXLIV XLER Ćľ&MVPMRIĆś +SV I\EQTPI XLI IRXMVI FEKKEKI LERHPMRK W]WXIQ QMKLX FI SYX SJ STIVEXMSR SV E VYR[E] XE\M[E] QMKLX FI GPSWIH JSV [SVOW 8LIVI GSYPH FI TVSFPIQW [MXL XLI JYIPPMRK W]WXIQ SV MRWYÇ˝GMIRX ÇťVI GSZIV RS[ GSYPH QEOI QSZIQIRX EVSYRH XLI EMVTSVX HMÇ˝GYPX FSXL JSV EMVGVEJX ERH JSV WYTTSVX ZILMGPIW &MVTSVX ERH [IEXLIV HIPE]W I\GITX JSV XLSWI EW E VIWYPX SJ ÇźS[ QEREKIQIRX Ćł WII FIPS[ EGGSYRX JSV EFSYX SJ XSXEP HIPE]W WII WITEVEXI FS\ it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t operate on a slope and capacity doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t go in a straight line so once a slot allocation moves towards its capacity ceiling of ÇźMKLXW MX GER LERHPI ERH FYX GERRSX handle 41, 42 and 43,â&#x20AC;? he says. Indications signposted by various aviation industry factors suggest the problem is simply going to get worse. Orders of new aircraft from carriers show that nearly all of them are putting new aircraft into the system. *EGL RI[ EMVGVEJX [MPP EHH WM\ SV WIZIR ÇźMKLXW per day to the ATM workload. Whizz, a relatively new low cost player, has 245 new aircraft on order which means that one airline alone has plans to put an extra 1,200 ÇźMKLXW MRXS XLI RIX[SVO &GGSVHMRK XS *YVSGSRXVSP TSMRX XS TSMRX EMV XVEÇ˝G F] PS[ GSWX GEVVMIVW LEW MRGVIEWIH WMKRMÇťGERXP] MX MW RS PSRKIV E www.airportfocusinternational.com

*ZIR [LIR ER EMVGVEJX MW VIEH] XS HITEVX MX QE] WXMPP FI HIPE]IH F] ĆľÇźS[ QEREKIQIRXĆś &8+2 In short, if there is a problem that will delay an aircraft either en-route or on the approach to the destination airport, then itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s safer and cheaper to hold the aircraft on the ground, not burning fuel, ERH KMZI MX E HIPE]IH XEOI SÇş XMQI *974(438741 EW 3IX[SVO 2EREKIV PSSOW EX EPP XLI ÇźMKLX TPERW ERH MHIRXMÇťIW [LIVI ERH [LIR XLIVI EVI XSS QER] ÇźMKLXW XSS PMXXPI GETEGMX] 8LMW QMKLX FI EW E VIWYPX SJ E TIEO MR HIQERH EZMEXMSR LEW VYWL LSYVW XSS [IEXLIV TVSFPIQW PMQMXIH GETEGMX] EX XLI HIWXMREXMSR EMVTSVX SV QER] SXLIV TSWWMFMPMXMIW .R XSXEP ÇźS[ QEREKIQIRX HIPE]W EGGSYRX JSV EFSYX SJ XSXEP HIPE]W MR QSWXP] VIPEXMRK XS MWWYIW EX XLI HIWXMREXMSR EMVTSVX

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 39

ATC/CAPACITY

WE EATHER R RESPO ONSIBLE FOR RD OF DELAY A THIR Since 2013, there has been an 80% increase in delay minutes attributable to weather. According to *YVSGSRXVSP XLMW WYQQIV [I LEZI LEH PEVKI LMKL GYQYPSRMQFYW (' GIPPW MR XLI GSVI SJ *YVSTI for days on end, making for a lot of delay. Joe Sultana, Director Network Manager, observed: â&#x20AC;&#x153;Aircraft operators have to avoid these CB cells but their search for gaps is not an organised process so the safe portions of airspace that EVI EZEMPEFPI UYMGOP] FIGSQI WEXYVEXIH Ćł WS QEOMRK JSV QSVI HIPE] Ćš With climate change, weather events are becoming more intense and less predictable. There are more, increasingly severe, storms and wind; rainfall is more intense. The weather this summer has been even worse than it was last year. The January User Forum held a session on weather matters and at one of the breakout sessions, it was decided that the time had come to collaborate and plan better in this area. So, EUROCONTROL SVKERMWIH E [IEXLIV JSVYQ GEPPIH Ć¸;IEXLIVTVSSÇťRK XLI 3IX[SVOĆš MR 2E] [MXL XLI KSEP SJ LIPTMRK XLI RIX[SVO EW E [LSPI ÇťRH TVEGXMGEP WSPYXMSRW JSV HIEPMRK [MXL HMWVYTXMZI [IEXLIV Talking about delay caused by adverse weather, Joe Sultana noted: â&#x20AC;&#x153;The Americans are much better organised in dealing with the weather than we are in Europe. They have much more experience because extreme weather phenomena are not uncommon in the United States. â&#x20AC;&#x153;We will be trying out some of the procedures that they have shared with us, starting with the obvious one: using a single, commonly accepted weather forecast for Europe on which to plan alternative scenarios. This will stop the arguments as to which of the 30+ national meteorological service providers to use.â&#x20AC;? 4R &YKYWX 32 LIPH MXW ÇťVWX Ć¸(VSWW 'SVHIV ;IEXLIV (SSVHMREXMSR 2IIXMRKĆš 8LI SFNIGXMZI to improve collaboration, planning and the dissemination of information; to see where gaps I\MWX ERH XS MRGSVTSVEXI PIWWSRW PIEVRIH MRXS TVSGIHYVIW 3&8 ERH XLI )+ EXXIRHIH XLI ÇťVWX QIIXMRK XSKIXLIV [MXL XLI 90ĆśW 2IX 4Ç˝GI

system dominated by hub and spoke airports. Airports such as Malaga in Spain for example EVI I\TIVMIRGMRK WMKRMÇťGERX XVEÇ˝G KVS[XL SR the back of this trend. '] *YVSTIĆśW &82 XVEÇ˝G QET MW KSMRK to be even more hot and densely populated and there are strong signals coming from Eurocontrol that the system unless changed fundamentally will not be able to cope and a WMKRMÇťGERX TVSTSVXMSR SJ RI[ ÇźMKLXW [MPP RSX FI able to be accommodated. The organisation has put together a report which predicts what the European ATM landscape will look like by 2040 in terms of capacity and demand and what needs to happen to QEOI XLI ÇťKYVIW [SVO 8LI ÇťKYVIW YWIH MR XLI VITSVX EVI UYMXI GSRWIVZEXMZI MR XIVQW SJ KVS[XL given that there is a wide band of growth varia40 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

tion being touted about by aviation economists. So the report is based on growth prediction of just 1.9 per cent but there are a number of scenarios in which the global aviation market GSYPH HIZIPST [LMGL MQTEGXW SR XLI ÇťKYVIW First there could be global growth based on accelerated open skies agreements proliferating. Second, there could be regulation and growth with an element of open skies but clear demarcation blocks. Third is happy localism where there is co-operation but arrangements for ATM remain mostly local and the fourth is total fragmentation based on a Donald Trump style protectionist approach and a trade war mentality. According to Eurcontrol the most likely scenario will be option two - the mixture of regulation and growth. So what would that

mean for airports? â&#x20AC;&#x153;We believe that airports will see roughly a 2 per cent increase in capacity VIUYMVIH TIV ERRYQĆš WE]W 'VIRRER Ć¸'] [I I\TIGX XLIVI [MPP FI QMPPMSR ÇźMKLXW VIUYMVIH in Europe â&#x20AC;&#x201C; that is a 53 per cent increase comTEVIH XS XSHE] 8LMW MW E ZIV] WMKRMÇťGERX MRGVIEWI even though people are telling us that our growth forecasts are pessimistic.â&#x20AC;? Of course airports are aware of these predictions and are planning to grow themselves. The Eurocontrol report looked at some 120 European airports and the study found they are www.airportfocusinternational.com

proposing to put in a capacity increase of 16 per cent. So there is a yawning gap between that ÇťKYVI ERH XLI QSVI XLER TIV GIRX MRGVIEWI .R ÇźMKLX ZSPYQIW FIMRK TVIHMGXIH F] â&#x20AC;&#x153;The reality is that this translates into very simple numbers,â&#x20AC;? says Brennan. â&#x20AC;&#x153;It means that we are going to have 4 million extra runway QSZIQIRXW EZEMPEFPI [LMGL MW UYMXI E WMKRMÇťGERX amount but this will not be distributed evenly. The top 20 airports cannot grow by 28 per cent which is needed and add 2.4 million runway movements. In Europe this simply would not be www.airportfocusinternational.com

enough anyway. The lost economic opportuRMX] [I EVI JEGMRK MW UYMXI GSRWMHIVEFPI 8LMW will constrain the long term business plans of airports and means we will be looking at a lack of ground capacity.â&#x20AC;? By 2040 the report estimates that 1.5 million ÇźMKLXW [MPP RSX FI EGGSQQSHEXIH ERH QMPPMSR TEWWIRKIVW [MPP RSX FI EFPI XS Çź] 8LI ORSGO SR IÇşIGX [MPP EPWS FI XLEX [MXLMR Europe there will be 16 airports that will be as GSRKIWXIH EW 1SRHSR -IEXLVS[ MW RS[ Ć¸*ÇşIGtively this is a cap on your growth,â&#x20AC;? he adds.

The extra congestion will also mean that whereas today there are six hub airports within *YVSTI XLEX VIKYPEVP] I\TIVMIRGI ÇźMKLX HIPE]W to a situation where up to 40 will be in that poWMXMSR +SV TEWWIRKIVW XLI EZIVEKI ÇźMKLX HIPE] will also double by 2040 Eurocontrol warns. IZIR XMQIW EW QER] ÇźMKLXW [MPP FI HIPE]IH between one and two hours as opposed to todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s average of 12 minutes. Eurocontrol stresses that these â&#x20AC;&#x153;conservativeâ&#x20AC;? capacity estimates are also predicated on existing expansion projects such as Heathrowâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s third runway going ahead and ATM capacity being freed up by technological advances promised in the SESAR programme. If any of these capacity measures fall short or donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t happen at all the situation will be worse, it warns. â&#x20AC;&#x153;It is almost impossible to build a new runway anywhere In Europe today,â&#x20AC;? Brennan says. â&#x20AC;&#x153;But we do need more airport infrastructure - and by that I mean more airside infrastructure not just brand new terminal buildings. Secondly we do need to use our existing infrastructure in a better way. We need to deploy technolSK] JSV HMÇşIVIRX X]TIW SJ ETTVSEGL ERH YWI the network functions much more than we do currently. If we continue to treat Europe as 28 individual states we cannot join the dots. â&#x20AC;&#x153;There needs to be a substantial change in XLI [E] [I QEREKI EMV XVEÇ˝G MR *YVSTI ;I have a fragmented approach to regulation and there is a great opportunity through the European Commission to resolve that.â&#x20AC;&#x153; SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018 | AIRPORT FOCUS | 41

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nsider always likes to study the airport habits of pasWIRKIVW WIXXMRK SÇº SR XLIMV WYQQIV JEQMP] LSPMHE] Æ³ TVSFEFP] MR QER] GEWIW XLI FMKKIWX XVMT XLI] [MPP take all year. &RH MR XLMW GEWI Æ¸XLI TEWWIRKIV I\TIVMIRGIÆ¹ MW E KIRYMRI PMXQYW XIWX JSV EMVTSVXW ERH EMVPMRIW FIGEYWI XLI RIX[SVO MR &YKYWX GER FI YRHIV WIZIVI GETEGMX] WXVEMR XIQTIVW WSQIXMQIW KIX JVE]IH FIGEYWI I\TIGXEXMSRW are high and no one wants to start their hard earned two-week annual break on a sour note. 8LEROJYPP] JSV QSWX GSQTPIXI HMWEWXIV MW E VEVMX] . LEZI [MXRIWWIH TISTPI QMWWMRK XLIMV Ç¼MKLX FYX RSX ZIV] SJXIR )IWTMXI XLI WGEVIQSRKIVMRK LIEHPMRIW MR EPP XLI ]IEVW SJ TEWWMRK XLVSYKL EMVTSVXW . LEZI SRP] WIIR SRI MRGMHIRX MR [LMGL TEWWIRKIVW LEZI FIIR EFYWMZI IRSYKL JYIPPIH F] HVMROMRK XSS QYGL EPGSLSP XS FI MR KIRYMRI HERKIV SJ RSX FIMRK EPPS[IH XS Ç¼] 'YX MJ XLIVI MW E GSQQSR WXMGOMRK TSMRX XLIWI HE]W . [SYPH LEZI XS WE] MX WYVVSYRHW XLI MWWYI SJ FEKKEKI 8LI &YKYWX VEGI XS XLI FIEGL XLI XEZIVRE XLI GEQT WMXI SV XLI XMR] SYXTSWX YRXSYGLIH Q] QER MW F] HIÇ»RMXMSR E QM\ SJ EPP OMRHW SJ JSPO 'YX [LIR MX GSQIW XS XLI WXYÇº XLI] [ERX XS FVMRK [MXL XLIQ XLMW HMEWTSVE GER FI UYMGOP] HMZMHIH MRXS X[S WXVEMKLXJSV[EVH GEQTW XLSWI [LS GEVV] PEVKI FEKW XS FI GLIGOIH MR XS XLI EMVGVEJX LSPH ERH XLSWI [LS XVEZIP PMKLXIV [MXL GEFMR FEKW SRP] +SV WIZIVEP ]IEVW RS[ XLI .RWMHIV JEQMP] LEZI XEOIR XLIMV ERRYEP FVIEO JVSQ XLI 1SRHSR VEX VEGI EX XLI WEQI VSGO] SYXGVST SR XLI XMT SJ XLI ,VIIO QEMRPERH &W QSWX SJ XLI WXYÇº [I RIIH MW EPVIEH] XLIVI PIJX FILMRH SV EGGYQYPEXIH SZIV VITIEXIH XVMTW [I EP[E]W KIX E[E] [MXL GEFMR FEKW SRP] 8LMW [SVOW SR E RYQFIV SJ PIZIPW .X IRGSYVEKIW ]SYRK EHYPXW XS XVEZIP PMKLX Æ³ E KSSH LEFMX XS KIX MRXS &W [I HSRÆ¶X LEZI XS [EMX JSV E XSYV KYMHI SV E GSEGL EX XLI HIWXMREXMSR EMVTSVX [I GER UYMGOP] TEWW XLVSYKL EVVMZEPW ERH KIX XS XLI TVI FSSOIH LMVI GEV [MXL E QMRMQYQ SJ JYWW -S[IZIV XLMW ]IEV [EW WPMKLXP] HMÇºIVIRX EW WIZIVEP JEQMP] QIQFIVW HIGMHIH MX [SYPH FI E KSSH XLMRK XS XEOI E TEHHPI FSEVH [MXL YW .X EVVMZIH F] GSYVMIV WIZIVEP HE]W FIJSVI [I [IVI HYI XS PIEZI ERH PSSOIH WYMXEFP] FMK IRSYKL XS FI GLIGOIH MR S . TLSRIH XLI EMVPMRI ERH EWOIH EFSYX GLIGOIH FEKKEKI TSPMG] TVMGIW QE\MQYQ HMQIRWMSRW XLEX WSVX SJ XLMRK ERH [EW EWWYVIH XLEX EW PSRK EW MX HMH RSX I\GIIH OKW ERH QIEWYVI QSVI XLER GQW EX MXW PSRKIWX TSMRX MX

42 | AIRPORT FOCUS | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2018

GSYPH FI GLIGOIH MR EX XLI EMVTSVX JSV E VIPEXMZIP] QSHIVEXI JII S . [IMKLIH ERH QIEWYVIH MX XS QEOI WYVI MX QIX XLSWI GVMXIVME 3S TVSFPIQW XLIVI ;LIR [I KSX XLI EMVTSVX . [EW XEWOIH F] XLI JEQMP] XS GLIGO XLI TEHHPI FSEVH MR [LMPI XLI] [IRX SÇº XLVSYKL WIGYVMX] ERH XS KIX FVIEOJEWX 8LI Ç»VWX XLMRK . RSXMGIH [EW XLI PEGO SJ EYXSQEXMG FEK HVST OMSWOW ERH XLI WIGSRH XLMRK [EW XLI IRSVQSYW UYIYI JSV XLI GLIGO MR FEK HVST EVIE [LMGL . HYP] NSMRIH .X XSSO EPQSWX ER LSYV XS KIX XS XLI JVSRX ERH [LIR . KSX XS XLI HIWO Q] TMIGI SJ PYKKEKI [EW [IMKLIH ERH QIEWYVIH ERH JSYRH [ERXMRK Æ¸'IGEYWI SJ MXW YRYWYEP WLETI XLMW [MPP RIIH XS FI GLIGOIH MR EX XLI SZIVWM^I FEKKEKI HIWO Æ¹ . [EW XSPH Æ¸;LIVI MW XLEX$Æ¹ . EWOIH 8LI ERW[IV [EW XLI SXLIV WMHI SJ XLI EMVTSVX ERH . WXMPP RIIHIH XS KIX XLVSYKL WIGYVMX] [MXL Q] GEFMR FEK 8S GYX E PSRK WXSV] WLSVX JSV XLI Ç»VWX XMQI MR Q] PMJI . ZIV] RIEVP] QMWWIH E Ç¼MKLX . [EW EPWS Æ¸PEWX GEPP JSVÆ¾Æ¹ REQI WLEQIH [LMPI XLI WIGYVMX] QER [EW XIPPMRK QI Q] WGVIIRMRK XVE] LEH FIIR VINIGXIH FIGEYWI Q] XEFPIX HIZMGI [EW TPEGIH WPMKLXP] EX ER ERKPI MRWMHI MX [LIR MX WLSYPH LEZI FIIR Ç¼EX &W . VER HS[R XLI FSEVHMRK XYFI XS[EVHW XLI TPERI HSSV E JEQMP] [EW LEZMRK E LIEXIH EVKYQIRX [MXL E GEFMR GVI[ QIQFIV FIGEYWI EPP XLIMV GEFMR FEKW [IVI LEZMRK XS FI GLIGOIH MRXS XLI LSPH Æ¸ SVV] WMV SRP] XLI Ç»VWX TEWWIRKIVW EVI KYEVERXIIH XS LEZI SZIVLIEH PSGOIV WTEGIÆ¾ MX WE]W WS SR XLI [IF WMXI Æ¹ +SYV GLMPHVIRÆ¶W IPIGXVSRMG HIZMGIW ERH SXLIV WXYÇº [EW LEZMRK XS FI TYPPIH SYX SJ FEKW ERH [EW WGEXXIVIH SR XLI Ç¼SSV SJ XLI EMV FVMHKI 'EKW ]SY WII & VIGMTI JSV KVMIJ ERH LSPMHE] KREWLMRK SJ XIIXL 4L ERH XLI FPEWXIH TEHHPI FSEVH LEW WXE]IH MR ,VIIGI .X [SRX FI GSQMRK FEGO IMXLIV

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