AR8101 Studio in Critical Practice 2013 - Volume 2

UNA NUEVA LUZ A NEW LIGHT ARCHITECTURAL INTERVENTIONS IN CALI’S COMMUNA 20

VOLUME 2

P2: HOUSING A COMMUNITY IN NEED Students are asked to design ten (10) units of housing and a complimentary communal program within Siloé, Cali. Students must choose their own site and define their specific user group. Who are you housing? Single mothers?

Victims of violence? Youth at risk? Displaced or transient families? Students must interpret the program. Allow your user group to define the program. The space required by a single mother is very different than the space designed for a youth at risk. You need to consider both the individual/ personal and communal needs of your user.

121 |

| 122

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

PLAY+INTERACT+DWELL ASHLEY BROOKE BIREN

Play + Interact + Dwell is a housing project that embraces play, interaction and dwelling for orphaned children and families of Siloé - a place and territory that welcomes its appropriation by inhabitants and their patterns of use. The project is composed by foreign and local traditions including urban farming and bamboo construction techniques (foreign) and native materials and communal living (local). The site is located with the consideration of the children’s future in mind, in close proximity to primary and secondary education, a community centre and medical facility.

The housing project is defined by two unit types: the orphanage and family dwellings.

Both units are comprised of bamboo wall modules designed for optimal passive ventilation, natural light penetration, shelving for storage and play for children. Play + Interact + Dwell provides opportunity for interaction on both the ground level, with a communal kitchen and laundry area, and roof with urban farming.

Design Objectives Family Units

Existing Condition

Visualization

Free Ground Plane

Go Vertical!

Porosity

Flexibility & Multi-Functional [Play + Dwell + Interact]

Growth

900 1800

Children Units

2700 900mm = single bed width 900mm = cooridor width Define Module (Floor Plan)

123 |

900 Define Module (Elevation)

Porosity

Flexibility & Multi-Functional [Play + Dwell + Interact]

Growth Creating A Sense of Belonging

Program for Play & Interaction

INTERACT 4

PLAY + INTERACT + DWELL

= 3

INTERACT 2

1 2 3 4

1

2

Communal Kitchen for Families & Children Communal Compost Bathroom & Laundry Communal Stair Means of Egress Communal Roof - Direct Flow of Water on Roof for Planting Use

Programmatic Diagram

Wall Components

Bamboo Section Cut

Bamboo Section Cut & Weave

Bamboo Section Cut

Bamboo Chimes

Aperture Wall

Shelf Wall

Gradient Aperture Wall

Windows & Doors

(4” Diameter & 6” Shelves Threaded on String, Fabric Mat Drape Behind

(Bamboo Weave, Two 6” Bamboo Sections Unraveled)

(3”, 4”, 6” Diameter Bamboo Sections Threaded on String, Fabric Mat Drape Behind)

(3” & 4”Diameter Bamboo Vertical Sections Threaded on String), Corrugated Polycarbonate Plastic

| 124

ty p . inte

rio

rc

ur t

ain

D

line

of

6

8

4

2

10 7

6

1 5

A B -

Second Level Floor Plan

C D 6

UP

5 7 4

8 4

3

9 3

2

10

2

11

Visualization

1

A B -

Ground Level Floor Plan 125 |

1

4 2

m

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Storage Compost Toilets & Showers Communal Laundry Area & Sink Communal Kitchen Family 1 - Shared Bedroom (Mother & Younger Son) Typical Child Bedroom Shared Washroom Family 2 - Shared Bedroom (Mother, Father & Younger Son)

Wall & Floor Assembly Axonometric

Typical Child Unit Exploded Axonometric

Longitudinal Section

A

Typical Family Unit Exploded Axonometric

Roof/Floor Assembly & Moisture Prevention

Corrugated Polycarbonate Plastic

B 1

1

4

m

2

Where Are the Walls Placed?

A Second Level and/or East/West Direction to Capture Light

B Shared Wall/ More Privacy/ Street Level/ Storage Use

Bamboo Framing B 2 D D 3

A

C

4

C D Ground Floor Close Placed in to Street Level or Direction of Nearby Adjacent Winds Cross Dwelling for Privacy Ventilation

1 Bamboo Flooring 2 Corrugated Metal Sheets 3 Bamboo Flooring 4 Bamboo Structural Framing

| 126

ty p .

1 Family 1 - Shared Bedroom (Older Son, Wife & Child) 2 Typical Child Bedroom 3 Family 2 - Shared Bedroom (Older Daughter, Husband & Two Children (Bunk Bed))

rio

rc

urt

ain

D

inte

6 line

of

3

4

2

2

10

1 1

A B -

Third Floor Plan

Visualization

1 Family 1 - Roof Top Garden 2 Typical Child Bedroom 3 Family 2 - Roof Top Garden

D 3

6 5 7 4

8 2

3

9

2

10

1

11 1

A B -

Fourth Floor Plan 127 |

1

4 2

m

Visualization

Transverse Sectional Perspective

Visualization | 128

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

LA CASA DE NEUVA LUZ KATHRYN DOUTHART In recent years, the country of Colombia has invested incredible amounts of effort and economic capital in social and transportation infrastructure in major city centres.

The improvements have helped alleviate conflict and combat the narcotic trade in disconnected informal settlements. In North-East Medellin for example, a Metrocable line and comprehensive bus system along with library parks and educational infrastructure has integrated the Popular neighbourhood with the rest of the city and has stimulated a transformation toward improvements in culture and poor living conditions while avoiding the displacement of inhabitants. The glamorized narco culture is starting to be regarded as passe in favour of healthy holistic living.

Innovation and improvements in guadua cultivation and understanding of its appropriateness in construction in the Antioquia region of the country are also underway; thus guadua is becoming an accessible and durable building material when harvested, treated and constructed in the correct manner. Many of the city favelas are situated on mountainside conditions that are prone to destructive landslides making the current construction practices of concrete and clay brick structures inappropriate on these sites. In addition, current practices are ill suited for climatic considerations of the hot and humid mountainous tropics, where buildings are unable to be properly ventilated and lack access to natural light due to inconceivable density. La Casa de Nueva Luz proposes a new housing typology for multi-generational families living together under one roof in mountainside favelas, but specifically Siloé in the city of Cali.

Since architecture is manifested in representation, La Casa de Nueva Luz is reflective of modern day Colombia through form, materiality and aspirations. Each of the five architectural elements in the proposed ‘kit’ addresses a specific concern constant in the current housing conditions of Siloé. Home owners are empowered through the assistance of local NGO’s like SIDOC and the “kit’s” associated construction manual to build incrementally, focusing on the concern(s) most paramount to their living situation.

Ideally, as Colombia continues to develop in positive ways, La Casa de Nueva Luz can be a model for new built housing construction around the country.

Case Study Site

Potential Intervention Sites within Comuna 20, Cali & Case Study Site

NARCO CULTURA narco culture VIDA HOLÍSTICA holistic living

129 |

VIEJA LUZ the old light NUEVA LUZ the new light

concerns 63.4M2 9M2/person

minimal ventilation minimal natural light

Typical Lot Size In Siloé overcrowding lack of dedicated workspace safety & theft concerns

64.2M2 32M2/person

typical condo size in Toronto

Case Study House - Existing Exterior + Interior Conditions

STRUCTURE + SECURITY

CIRCULATION + VENTILATION

structural guadua framing ( with integrated gate for add. security) + vertical guadua screen + perforated clay brick infill

structural guadua framing screen + guadua horizontals stringers supporting wood plank treads

+

+

+

+

A KIT OF PARTS (architectural elements)

For A Changing Physical And Social Environment

structure + security

circulation + ventilation

natural light + modular flexibility

water management + sanitation

privacy + flexible living

skeleton + skin

lungs

lumen cavities

veins

muscle tissue

| 130

+

+ +

existing

PHASE 1

PHASE 2

PHASE 3

construct front facade outside existing block wall - retain existing north, east, and west clay brick walls

the open oor plate repeats vertically, allowing each family to determine room conďŹ guration around the open stair

the house allows for a typical multi-generational family from Siloe to maintain their autonomy by building incrementally based on their needs

Phasing Diagrams

Visualization 131 |

10 7

Design for expansion Building grows vertically in phases

9

2

8

1

1

2

1

1

1

1

6 Mircro ‘unit’ as a modular Unit as sleeping quarters

5 2

7

Continuous architectural element Integral stair functions as a social spine

4

up

up

dn

up

dn

dn

3

1

4

3 Cluster Buildings as the macro ‘unit’ with a shared ‘common’

1

1

5

1

1

Common space shared o n ground floor & third floor

6

7

1

1. Sleeping Unit 2. W/C 3. Kitchen/Dining 4. Workspace 5. Common Space 6. Porch 7. Cistern

4

1

Longitudinal Section

m

2

Transverse Section

4

m

2

| 132

Visualization

133 |

corrugated translucent roof sheathing

Exploded Axonometric

plants

guadua

abs piping

wood plank ooring

red clay brick

guadua structure

| 134

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

CENTER FOR INTERNALLY DISPLACED PEOPLE OF SILOÉ MATTHEW A. SURIANO The Centre for Internally Displaced People of Siloé acts as a point of social reintegration for the people of Silo and Cali, Colombia. Located at the center of Siloé, the facility acts as a nodal point for the community and is within close proximity to public transportation and the employment areas of Cali proper. Intended to become part of the defining characteristic of Siloé, the Centre provides a visual identity as well as a much needed gathering place for a community that is slowly improving its socio-economic condition.

Internally Displaced People Columbia 10.3%-11.6% of the Total Population 4,900,000 - 5,500,000 People

Turbo

Conceived as a juxtaposition of materiality, with the two structures comprising the building being distinguished by their construction in either concrete or bamboo, the stereotomic and tectonic elements become the driving characteristic of the programmatic function and formal aesthetic of the building. At the core of these two distinct entities lies a common space uniting both programmatic elements. This intentional void functions as an interior circulation space as well as a series of platforms from which the building becomes alive when the daily activities of its users animate the central space.

0 101 251 1001 2501

Cúcuta

-

100 250 1000 2500 12244

Medellín

Buenaventura

Bogotá

Cali Tumaco Pasto Mitu

Causes of Displacement in Colombia Internal Armed Conflict Criminal Violence

10.57% 7.59% 53.23% 3.54% 6.55% 13.97% 4.45%

Shelter

People

Rural A

Urb an Ar e

Inter nal ly Di

ed lac sp

as re

Paramilitary Groups Criminal Bands Guerrilla Groups One + Displacement Author Unavailable Not Identified Others

as Trades

Education

IDPs in Colombia by Age

Money

Inter na lA

Community

lence l Vio ina m

00-09 10-19

Men: 18 to 26 Duration: 6, 12, & 14 Months

Concflict & ed Cr i rm

31.6% 24.9% 16.5% 11.1% 7.3% 4.3% 2.4% 1.2% 0.5%

Shelter

For Internally D isp nter lac Ce ed

age

30-39 40-49 50-59

Community

iloe le S op Pe

20-29 Food

FEMALE

Money

MALE

60-69 70-79 80+

Facilities

Work

47.6%

52.4%

Trades & Education

Siloe Emploment Resource Centre

IDPs in Colombia by Gender 135 |

Design Scenario

SILOÉ

800

Walking Distances

10 m inute s

Accessible From Cali & Siloe Close To Transportation Visible to Community Vacant Land

rs

1 min

80m

Site Selection Criteria

mete

Res

iden

tial

Com

merc

ial Re

siden

tial

Site Location Transportation Route Major Road Access Main Streets

High Unemployment Medium Unemployment Low Unemployment

orth

le N

ng rA

la

Solar Angle South

Private Schools Public Schools Trade Schools

Afte

rnoo

n/Ev

So

enin

g Air

Technical Jobs Industry Commercial Low Commerce

Mor

Major Roads Comuna 20

Macro Mapping - Cali

ning

Air

ir

ht A

Nig

Major Vehicular and Pedestrian Circulation

Micro Mapping - SiloĂŠ | 136

CARRERA 48A

Context Plan 1 Community Public Space 2 Rainwater Collection

W

CARRERA 48 A

B

C

b

D

E

F

G

H

J

1

2 2

a

a

1

S

3

4

CALLE 3 b E

CARRERA

49

CALLE 3

Visualization

137 |

b

B

A 2000

Level One

C

D

2000

E

2000

2000

F 2000

G 2000

H 2000

J 2000

1 UP

5

3

Exterior Public Space Entrance Public Water Closet Common Space Communal Kitchen

3000

UP

2

2

UP

a

a

1

4

5000

1 2 3 4 5

S

3

3000 4

b E

b

A

B 2000

C 2000

D

E

2000

2000

F 2000

G 2000

H 2000

J 2000

Level Two

1 UP

3000

DN

Public Walkway Private Walkway Private OfďŹ ce and Storage Employment Resource Centre

2 DN

a

a

1

2

5000

1 2 3 4

S

3

4

3000

3

4

1

b

4

1

2 3000

3 5000

4 3000

A

B 2000

C 2000

D 2000

E 2000

F 2000

G 2000

m

2

E

H 2000

J 2000

13800

3400

3400

13800

10400

2600

2600

10400

7800

2600

2600

7800

5200

2600

2600

5200

2600

2600

2600

2600

0

South Elevation

0

East Elevation

1

4

m

2

| 138

Perspectival Section 1 Circulation 2 Common Space 3 Public Space 4 Employment Resource Centre 5 Bedrooms

5

5

1 5

4

3 2

Visualization

139 |

b

A

B

C

2000

D

2000

E

2000

2000

F 2000

G

H

2000

J

2000

2000

Level Three 1 UP

1

Guardian Bedroom Water Closet Bathroom Bedroom

3000

3

DN

2 2

a

a 5000

1 2 3 4

S

3

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

3000

4

4

b E

b

A

B

C

2000

2000

D 2000

E 2000

F 2000

G

H

2000

J

2000

2000

Level Five

1

2

3000

1

2 DN

1 Laundry & Drying Room 2 Rainwater Storage 3 Bedroom

2

a

a 5000

S

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3000

3

4

1

b

J

H 2000

G 2000

F 2000

E 2000

D 2000

C 2000

B 2000

A 2000

4

3 3000

2 5000

4

m

2

E

1 3000

13800

3400

3400

13800

10400

2600

2600

10400

7800

2600

2600

7800

5200

2600

2600

5200

2600

2600

2600

2600

0

0

Section A-A

Section B-B

1

4

m

2

| 140

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

FLO BIJAN GHAZIZADEH This project is about flow. The final product of this design exercise was allowed to grow and take form, while taking into consideration site conditions. Its volumetric form was at no point predetermined but allowed to grow organically, much like the slums of Siloé itself. The design of this project was driven by two main concepts that combined to give rise to a design strategy. FLO was conceived as a cluster, a cluster that further breaks down to smaller clusters within itself to particles that worked at a micro and isolated level. Metaphorically speaking, these particles are the individual units and spaces that make up the building as a whole. The spaces in this design are organized in such way as to allow them to merge into one another, blurring their boundaries and provide an opportunity for its occupants engage with one another and build a strong community.

Another main driver for this design proposal was the need to provide cross ventilation throughout the entire structure. Individual rooms Are oriented in such way as to allow the winds moving across the site to pass though each and every unit. Together, these two ideas gave rise to a volumetric exercise in which units could shift and turn to find their optimal space within the site.

USER GROUP

2A

2C

2A

2C

1A

3C

1A

3C

W/D

2 - 3 Adults 2 Adults

+ +

2 Children 2 - 3 Children

W/D

1 - 2 Adults 1 Adults

1 + 1 Adults

+ +

+

User-group Selection Process

3 Children 3 - 4 Children

2-4

1A

1C

1A

1C W/D

Children

User-Group Analysis

Project Funding

DING

USER GROUP SELECTION

1 UNIT 1 + 1 Adults

+

2-4

Alaya Business Development Centre

Children

45%

Siloe Population (2005) 65,000+

70%

80% SINGLE MOTHERS WITH CHILDREN

IDP

1 - 2 Adults 1 Adults

+ +

Funding

Volunteers

55%

$ 5 UNIT

141 |

+ +

Business Learning & Training

3 Children 3 - 4 Children

FAMILIES OF 5

2 - 3 Adults 2 Adults

Funding

$

4 UNIT

10 UNITS

$

2 Children 2 - 3 Children

Structural Materials

SINGLE MOTHERS

Volunteers Funding

Volunteers

20% 2 MOTHERS AND THEIR CHILDREN

Local Workers

FLO

Crafts Learning & Training

1 2

3

1

L5

NA

GO DIA

CAR R

52

CIRC UNV ALA

RD EL S

UR

ERA

Site Situation on Urban Scale

SITE SITUATION ON URBAN SCALE

SITE #1

SITE #2

Site 1

Site 2

RA DI US

SiteSelection SelectionCriteria: Criteria: Site Visibility Visibility Access to public transportation Access to public transportation Security Security Proximity to Green Space Proximity to Green Space SiteAvailability Availability Site Proximity to Schools Proximity to Schools ProximitytotoCommunity CommunityCenters Centers Proximity

SITE #3

Site 3

CA R

RE

RA 5

BUS STOP

10 0

M

2A

RARIU S

RA 52 B CARRE

M

RA 52B

R CA

CARRER A 53

RA

RE

150

RA 52A

CARRE

Y

E LO SI

MA JO R

AR TE R

CARR E

TO IN

BI

51 S

US DI RA

C

RA

52

NA L

59

E RR

50

M

DI

AG

O

CA

COMMUNITY CNT

ERA

R CAR

54

Contextual Analysis | 142

CAR R

ERA

52A

ERA 52 B

CARRER A 52B

H

RIAN PAT

PEDEST

2C

LE CAL

EXISTING

EXIS

9

Third Floor Communal Space

PERSPECTIVE RENDERINGS

143 |

Site Plan

5 RA

RE

R CA

5

20 10

m

OR PLANS

OR PLANS CALLE 52B

CALLE 52B

1 5

1

3

4

9 EX

UP

N

NSIO

N SIO TEN

EXTE

7

E CALL

E9

6

1. UNIT 1 - FAMILY TYPE 1 2. UNIT 2 - FAMILY TYPE 2 3. UNIT 3 - FAMILY TYPE 2 4. UNIT 4 - FAMILY TYPE 3 5. OPEN TO BELOW 6. WASHROOMS AND SHOWERS 7. SHARED TERRACE

5 2

PEDESTRIAN PATH

CALL

PEDESTRIAN PATH

5

5

1. SECURITY DESK 2. LEARNING CENTER 3. LEARNING CENTER STORAGE SPACE 4. SECURITY STORAGE SPACE 5. BUILDING EQUIPMENT STORAGE SPACE 6. WASHROOM 7. WASHING / DRYING 8. UTILITY AND WATER STORAGE 9. COMMUNAL KITCHEN 10. COMMUNAL EVENT AND EATING AREA

2

5

6

9 5

8

4

3 10

7

FUTURE PEDESTRIAN PATH

First Floor Plan

Ground Floor Plan OR PLANS

OR PLANS CALLE 52B

1

CALLE 52B

5

1

5

5

5

5

DN

4

E9

5

N

N

NSIO

EXTE

5

5

CALL

NSIO

EXTE

UP

1. UNIT 1 - FAMILY TYPE 1 2. UNIT 2 - FAMILY TYPE 1 3. UNIT 3 - FAMILY TYPE 1 4. UPPER COMMUNAL SPACE 1 5. OPEN TO BELOW 6. WASHROOMS AND SHOWERS 7. SHARED TERRACE

5

PEDESTRIAN PATH

E9

PEDESTRIAN PATH

CALL

5 4

1. UNIT 1 - FAMILY TYPE 1 2. UNIT 2 - FAMILY TYPE 2 3. UNIT 3 - FAMILY TYPE 2 4. UPPER COMMUNAL SPACE 1 5. OPEN TO BELOW 6. WASHROOMS AND SHOWERS 7. SHARED TERRACE

6

6

5

3

3

2 2 7

7

FUTURE PEDESTRIAN PATH

FUTURE PEDESTRIAN PATH

1

Second Floor Plan 0

1

2

3

Third Floor Plan

4

m

2

4

West Elevation

South Elevation

East Elevation

North Elevation

Elevations | 144

AIR FLOW

GROUND FLOOR

LEVEL 1

Cross Ventilation

North East Corner Perspective 145 |

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

Longitutinal Section

SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT

GROUND FLOOR

LEVEL 1

Spatial Organization

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

Cross Section

PERSPECTIVE REAR PERSPECTIVE RENDERING RENDERINGS VIEW

Rear View Perspective | 146

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

WOMEN’S WEAVING COOPERATIVE MIRENA DITCHEVA In Colombia, 32% of households are headed by women and depend on their work as the main source of income. These families are at the highest risk of poverty due to lack of income. A startling 72.5% of homes with women as heads of households are below the poverty line. The casualty of decades of civil conflict in the country has left many women to manage and sustain the household on their own. This is an especially widespread social problem in the outskirts of cities like Cali where many internally displaced people had found refuge from the unrest in the rural areas. This proposal for a women’s artisan cooperative in Brisas de Mayo, Cali, Colombia is meant to offer a possible scenario where women from disadvantaged backgrounds can come together and start a new life. With the assistance of social and non-governmental bodies this project has the potential to empower and improve the well-being of single-mother families by providing a safe place to live and at the same time, options for income generation on site. The community that is created amongst these families establishes an extended support network, which is very important in overcoming various social and economic challenges.

Rendering

147 |

7 1 2 3

5 6

Site Context

4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Health Post Sidoc Com. Centre Single mom School Preschool Public School Park Selected Site

Showers, Washing And Drying Area

Sleeping Spaces

Community Floor (Cooking, Eating, Living Space) Craft Production And Sales

Site Diagram

Organizational Diagram CO-OP LIVING Internal Shared Courtyard

Flexible Living Space

WC Sleeping Open Unifying Space

Shower Communal Cooking and Eating Flexible Living Space

Walls and Planes

WC Sleeping Sleeping

Sleeping

Shared Childcare Shower Central Vertical Circulation Connectivity

Micro-Business Flexible Living Space Shared Amenities

Program Diagram

WC Sleeping Sleeping

Sleeping

Sleeping Air Flow

Shower Concept Diagrams | 148

Site Plan

CALLE

10A

CAL

LE

10A

CA

RR

ER

A5

4

4

1 2

Sectional Perspective

8

m

Exploaded Axonometric

Compressed Earth Block infill walls

Bamboo Trellis running between floors shaping the courtyard

Interior Bamboo privacy Screen on steel track Mosquito Net Screen with blinds Metal Railing with flower pots

Bamboo Shutter Facade with steel track system and frame Concrete Frame Structure With Terrazzo Finish

149 |

B

Level One 4 1 Craft Sales 2 Storage 3 Weaving Workshop 4 Washroom

3 A

1

A

2

B

Level Two 2 1 Cooking and Dining 2 Storage 3 Courtyard 4 Communal Living 5 Washrooms

5

A

A 1

3

4

B 1

4 2

Section A-A

m

Section B-B | 150

Courtyard Rendering 151 |

B

2

Level Three

1

1 Bedrooms 2 Washrooms

A

A 1

1

B

2

Level Five

1

1 Bedrooms 2 Washrooms

A

A 1

1

1

1 B

2

Level Six 1 Washing and Drying 2 Washrooms

A

A

1 3

3 Women’s Showers 4 Boy’s Showers

4 B 1

4 2

m

Feature Wall Axo

Bougainvillea

Bamboo Trellis

Brick Pattern

Pattern subtracted to make openings in the wall

| 152

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

HOUSING THE LOST MOTHERS OF SILOE JEFFREY MITCHELL In a location where social structures are diffused by the exclusion of formal structure, the importance for safe housing is needed by all people of this community. Organizations such as the SIDOC foundation do much to aid in the restructuring of such communities and should be appropriately supported to help in the strengthening of SiloĂŠ.

By providing a nested communal living complex for single mothers, to aid the development that the SIDOC foundation has established will result in a stronger community and more conducive learning opportunities for their children. The project, comprised primarily of communal spaces and a diffused visual interaction with the community at large will help to support the mothers and their children who are in greatest need within the community of SiloĂŠ.

Comuna 20 Context Map

Phasing of existing families:

153 |

Move existing family to adjacent site.

Redevelop existing families current home.

Site volume

Site is located next to Sidocs School for Single Mothers

Environmental Conditions

22.1

m

Urban Conditions

Form JustiďŹ cations: Security walls.

Site Restrictions

Push in for sun penetration.

Push up for natural ventilation.

Push down for water harvesting.

| 154

5

Visualization

155 |

Site Plan

20 10

40

m

&

%

$

'

(

A

Ground Floor Plan

Sun Penetration

1. Main Entrance

2

2. Secondary Entrance

3. Communal Kitchen 6

4. Communal Dining

5. Courtyard 6. Family Two

5

Passive Ventilation

4

3

1

A

$

&

%

'

(

A

Second Level Floor Plan

Clothes Drying in Voids

1. 1 Bed Room 3

2. 2 Bed Room

3. 3 Bed Room 4. Water Cistern/ Heater

2

and Washing Basin 5. Courtyard Below

4

5

4

Rain Harvesting

3

1

2

A 5

1

m

2

| 156

Visualization

157 |

3D Exploded Axonometric

$

&

%

'

(

A

Third Level Floor Plan LEVEL 4.

8000

LEVEL 3.

5500

LEVEL 2

3000

LEVEL 1

0

1. 2 Bed Room

2

2. 3 Bed Room

3. Washroom w Shower 1

4. Washroom w Tub

5. Courtyard Below

3

1

5

Section A-A

5

m

2

4

1

1

A

$

&

%

'

A

(

Roof Plan

Sectional Perspective at A-A

1. Hidden Rain Gutter

5. Courtyard Below

1

5

1

A 5

1

m

2

| 158

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

Youth Reintigration Centre MATTHEW KONIUSZEWSKI The Youth Reintegration Centre is a Centre to receive at risk youths from Siloé, Cali. With nearly 2300 adolescents in the gangs of Cali, the Centre aims to provide a refuge from the gangs and allow the youths to better integrate into society with job training and the facilities to learn valuable life skills. The Centre is located on the south eastern border of Siloé adjacent major transportation routes, commercial areas and recreational facilities.

The dormitory style residences radiate off of a central communal corridor with lounge spaces and stairs linking the two floors together. The Centre also is focused along the staircase at the rear providing additional visual connections. The YRC also houses several classrooms, flex spaces and offices for the academic programmatic requirements. There is a large retail space that gives recent graduates and current residents a place to work. The initial construction phase contains 3 rental units (2 residential, 1 commercial) to the YRC to provide the Centre with a continual source of income.

Adjacency Map

PROPOSED SITE MIO BUS MIO CABLE

RECREATIONAL FACILITY SCHOOL COMMERCIAL FACILITY

0998038

YOUTHS ARE DRAWN INTO GANGS BECAUSE GANGS ARE LUCRATIVE MEANS FOR MAKING QUICK MONEY, WHILE GAINING RESPECT AND POWER CURRENTLY THERE ARE APPROXIMATELY 2100 ADOLESCENTS IN THE GANGS OF CALI

Situation

159 |

MINORS ARE AFTER A BRIEF 7 OF 10 THE CYCLE SENT TO YOUTH STAY THEY YOUTHS ARE CONTINUES DETENTION ARE RELEASED REPEAT UNTIL THE CENTRE ONCE BACK INTO OFFENDERS YOUTHS ARE 18 ARRESTED THEIR AND CAN SERVE COMMUNITIES PRISON TERMS OR ARE KILLED

Problem

THE REINTEGRATION CENTRE WOULD PROVIDE YOUTHS WITH A COMMUNITY OF OTHERS OF SIMILAR BACKGROUNDS WHILE PREPARING THEM FOR LIFE THOUGH EDUCATION AND CAREER TRAINING

Solution

Poured Concrete Substructure

Separated Circulation

Group Services

Collect Rainwater

Operable Screen System

Canopies For Shading And Water Collection

LIVING

ACTIVITY

Extrude Footprint

Separate Programming

Erode Mass For Environmental Systems

Create Communal Spaces

| 160

Phase One

Phase Two

Phase Four

Phase Three

9

4 5

3

8

7 6

1 2

Unitized Screen System 1 2 3 4 5 6

Bamboo Substructure Metal Sleeves Metal Gate Hinge Bent Threaded Rod Bamboo Frame Chainlink Fence w/ Bamboo Insert 7 Corrugated Metal Panel 8 Wire Tie Down 9 Bolt Connection

161 |

Longitudinal Section 1 2 3 4 5 6

Retail Residential Unit Dormitory Dining Area OfďŹ ce Classroom

Visualization

7 Learning Kitchen 8 Flex Space 9 Laundry Area 10 Courtyard

4 9 3 8 3 7 2

2

6

1 5

10

Visualization

| 162

Visualization

Level One 1 2 3 4

1

3

4

2

1

10 5

163 |

m

Reception Area Retail Unit Centre OfďŹ ce Courtyard

Level Two 1 Rental Unit A 2 Rental Unit B 3 Classroom

2

1

3

Level Three 1 Dormitory 2 Learning Kitchen 3 Storage

3

1

2

Level Four 1 Dormitory 2 Workshop/ Flex Space

1

2

4 1

Level Five 1 2 3 4

Kitchen/ Storage Dining/ Multipurpose Space Laundry/ Lounge Water Collection Area

4

3

2

1

10

m

5

| 164

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

HOUSING INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS OF SILOÉ RYAN LEE Siloé encroaches upon the city of Cali, where gangs, drugs, and crime prevail. To Internally Displaced Persons (IPDs), slums like Siloé are the only option they can afford to survive. They themselves were encroached upon by rival armed forces which isolates and cause violence. To IDPs, they feel left out; evicted, and displaced and finding assistance becomes harder as they move away from situations they are familiar with. For this housing project I aim to provide more than just a shelter to IDPs where one can live temporary and leave. I want to provide lifelong skills to adapt to their new environment.

By changing the typical housing structure, how people circulate, live, sleep and gather this will provide an example where one can find a home.

Locations

Internally Displaced Persons (IDP’s) - “persons or groups of persons who have been forced to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in order to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of widespread violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized State border.”

(Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, Introduction, para. 2) Visualization

165 |

Site Context

28.8 million

IDPs reported in 2012

Middle East and North America 2.5 millon Africa 2.4 million

South and South East Asia 1.4 million Americas 230,000

Two IDPs

New Displacement 6.5 million total

lacement per on refugee total worldwide

IDPs

Largest displacement around the world

Refugees

20

North America 2.5 millon

Colombia Syria 4.9 - 5.5

Asia 1.4 million

15

million

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2012

3

DRCongo

2.7 million

Sudan 2.2 Iraq 2.1

million

25

million

IN MILLIONS

30

Somalia

1.1 - 1.36

million

CAUSES of displacement x International armed conflict Majority of Colombia’s IDPs are farmers with an average of 5 people per household. They are forced to move to urban areas to escape from furthur violence.

ᅚ Internal armed conflict x Deliberate policy or practice of arbitary displacement x Communal violence ᅚ Criminal violence x Political violence x Natural disasters

IDPs leave with little to no personal possesions. When moving into cities, IDPs tend to move to the Slums.

Colombia’s Federal Government Victam and Land Reclamation Law 2011

+

Housing

+

+

Social Assistance

Skill Upgrade

+

Legal Aid

+ $

Self sustaining + Generating own Income

| 166

Phasing

Maximize the oor plate Divide building Function

Carve Spaces Out and Wrap the Building in a Breathable Skin

School + Community Centre

Pre School

School

Proposed Site

167 |

Green Park

Site Context

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Learning Centre OfďŹ ce Space Workshop Flex Space Grey Water System Washroom Security

5 4

5

3

10

6

20 m

Second Floor

7

2 1

A 5

Ground Floor

10

5

20 m

10

20 m

Third Floor

Interior Space Kitchen | 168

Interior Render Stairs

Building Section AA

Air Circulation

Fourth Floor

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Fifth Floor

A

Family Unit 1 Family Unit 2 Family Unit 3 Family Unit 4 Communal Kitchen Dinning/ Living Workspace Washroom

5 4

6 3 5

7

10

20 m

Roof 2

1

A

5 5 10

169 |

20 m

10

20 m

6

6

5 3 4

2 1

Wall Axonometric

1 2 3 4 5 6

Bamboo Shutters Bamboo Sliding Screens Guard Rails Exterior Bamboo Screens Facade System Concrete Wall Structure Pull Down Bamboo Screen

5

4

3

2

Bamboo

Bamboo Screens

1

Concrete

CMU Blocks

Variation in Facade Opening

South Elevation

Materiality

East Elevation

1 2 3 4 5 6

Exterior Bamboo Screen Shutters/ Screens Interior Wall Partition Concrete Structure Bamboo Stairs, Guards, Rails / Interior Screens Precast Concrete Stairs

North Elevation

Building Axonometric

West Elevation

5 10

20 m

Building Elevation | 170

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

RE-HOUSING JULIA MOZHEYKO The RE-Housing project focuses on the redistribution of occupied spaces in order to provide sufficient privacy, promote a collective life style and introduce live-work environment to generate on-site income.

The facade materialization corresponds with the idea of balancing individual expression with the community’s identity. Varying the sizes of bamboo sections symbolize personal and impersonal relationships amongst family members and provide security, light and ventilation.

The living space is sandwiched between two semi-communal spaces: the restaurant at the ground level, which acts as an income generator and a space for communal dining: and rooftop garden, which provides an additional food supply for the restaurant, involves the community and utilizes rainwater and compost.

Population Group/ Extended Family

Personal Space Dynamics within Family Unit

Hygiene

70-90% Piped Water Coverage

Rest and Sleep Difficulty 0-25% 25-50% 50-75% 75-100% NO DATA NOT SELECTED FOR WFM

50-70% Sewage Coverage

Secluded Privacy

50-60 Dwellings per 10000 sq m Percentage of people living with extended family members

Crowdedness

171 |

Green Area Index is Under 1 sq m per 10000 sq m

8.2% Are Living in Incomplete Development Settlements

11 sq m - 2 ppl

9-10 sq m - 1.5 ppl

7-9 sq m - 1 ppl

5-7 sq m - 0.5 ppl

under 5 sq m - 0 ppl

International Space Requirements per Person

^

Environmental Conditions

^

Site Selection

SEPTEMBER

9AM

Calle 14 Oeste #54C-10

11AM 0

100

Site Selection 1PM

MAINLY HEAT GAIN IS RECEIVED THROUGH THE ROOF , EAST AND WEST FACADES WHICHWOULD REQUIRE AN ADDITIONAL PROTECTION FROM HIGH TEMPERATURES

3PM

5PM School Walk: 2min - 200m

Calle 14 Oeste #54C-10

Solar Study

School Walk: 1min - 81m

0

100

Site Selection/ Proximity to Schools

Site Selection/ Proximity to Educational Facilities PREVAILING WESTERN WIND IN THE AFTERNOON INSIGNIFICANT EAST WIND IN THE MORNING

Green Zone Walk: 2min - 200m School Walk: 2min - 200m

Calle 14 Oeste #54C-10

School Walk: 1min - 81m

Three Soccer Fields Walk: 4min - 400m

Sports Facilities Walk: 18min - 1.8km 0

100

Site Selection/ Proximity to Sport/Play Facilities

Wind Study

Medical Station Walk: 12min - 1.1km Green Zone Walk: 2min - 200m School Walk: 2min - 200m

Calle 14 Oeste #54C-10

School Walk: 1min - 81m

Three Soccer Fields Walk: 4min - 400m

Sports Facilities Walk: 18min - 1.8km 0

100

Site Selection/ Proximity to Medical Facilities CONSISTENT STREET FRONTAGE GIVES AN OPPORTUNITY TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF ITS INCREASED CIRCULAION

Local Theatre Walk: 16min - 1.6km

Cable Car Stop Walk: 3min - 350m

Medical Station Walk: 12min - 1.1km Green Zone Walk: 2min - 200m

City Bus Walk: 4min - 800m School Walk: 2min - 200m

Calle 14 Oeste #54C-10

School Walk: 1min - 81m

Three Soccer Fields Walk: 4min - 400m

Sports Facilities Walk: 18min - 1.8km 0

100

Site Selection/ Proximity to Public Transportation

Street Study

| 172

C B

B

D A

D A C

^ 173 |

5

Visualization

Site Plan ^

25 10

m

C

B

B

D

F

A

A

1

E

E UP

C

F

^ Below Ground Floor Plan

1 Compost Toilet Tank

^ Restaurant Visualization

C B

B

REF.

UP

4 D

3

5 D

2

A

A

1

1

DN

C

^ Ground Floor Plan

1 2 3 4 5

Compost Toilet Family Restaurant/Dining Flower Shop Kitchen Storage

1 2 3 4 5

Compost Toilet/Showers Children’s Bedroom Parent’s Bedroom Young Mother’s Bedroom Common Family Space

C

B

UP

B

DN

4

2

2

D

D

A

A

5

3

2

2

1

1

C

^ 2-4 Common Floor Plan

^ Bedroom Visualization

C B

B

1

2

D

D

A

A

C

1

^ Rooftop Garden

5 2

m

1 Rooftop Garden 2 Water Collecting Tank

^ Rooftop Garden Visualization | 174

Corrugated Metal Roof

Bamboo Roof Supporting Structure

Weaved Bamboo Doors

Interior Weaved Bamboo Partitions Concrete Structure

Perforated Bamboo Screen

Brick Exterior Wall

Composting Tank

^ Exploded Axo 175 |

^ Sliced Axo

^ Compost Collection

^ Compost to Garden

^ Air Circulation

^ Air Circulation

^ Rain Water Collection

^ Visualization | 176

TR ANSITIONAL HO U SI NG I N SI L O E

TRANSICIĂ“N KEVIN PU In a location where much of the public realm is controlled by gangs, residential housing ng becomes the only form of privacy and protection that truly belongs to the residents. den As an architect, it is extremely important to understand these social issues in order or to critically respond to the needs of the community. In this housing project, i aim to provide a communal transitional home for single mothers that provides much more tthan mere shelter. Through the integration of a central atrium, communal and open spaces are pushed and pulled from the atrium to create a sense of community. This responds to the sp lack of a safe outdoor communal space by bringing the program into a se secure space.

Overall, every element aims to serve more than one function.

Rendering

177 |

SILOE

SINGLE MOTHERS SIDOC FOUNDATION SINGLE MOTHER COMMUNITY CENTRE LOCAL SCHOOL

Mapping

FAMILY STRUCTURE

?

IT HAS OFTEN BEEN SAID THAT OUR CHILDREN ARE THE FUTURE OF THE WORLD. AS A RESULT, FAMILY STRUCTURE AFFECTS THE NUTURING, UPBRINGING, LEARNING, AND DEVELOPMENT OF A CHILD. HOWEVER, THERE’S AN INCREASING GROWTH IN THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN LIVING UNDER SINGLE PARENT FAMILY CONDITIONS

HILLSIDE BEGINS TO GET STEEP

User Group Research

SITE LOCATION LOCAL AMENITIES CLUSTERED TOGETHER ALONG FLAT PLANE

DEVELOPED 15.9% OF CHILDREN UNDER THE AGE OF 15 IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES LIVE IN SINGLE-PARENT HOUSEHOLDS WORLD

15.9% COLOMBIA

35%

FEW COUNTRIES HAVE EXPERIENCED THIS ISSUE IN SUCH EXTREME AS COLOMBIA, WHERE MORE THAN DOUBLE THE PERCENTAGE OF CHILDREN IN COLOMBIA ARE LIVING IN SINGLE-PARENT HOUSEHOLDS COMPARED TO DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. MAJORITY OF THESE SINGLE-PARENT FAMILIES ARE HEADED BY WOMEN.

EXPECTANT MOTHERS ONE CHILD MORE THAN ONE CHILD

2 YEARS 9 MONTHS PREGNANCY

BIRTHDATE

FIRST BIRTHDAY

IT IS ESPECIALLY TOUGH FOR FIRST TIME MOTHERS TO BE RAISING A CHILD ON THEIR OWN WITHOUT ANY SUPPORT. THEREFORE, THE FIRST 2 YEARS OF BEING A MOTHER (FROM BEING PREGNANT UNTIL THE BABY’S FIRST BIRTHDAY) IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT IN THE EMOTIONAL, ECONOMICAL, AND MENTAL PREPARATION BEHIND RAISING A CHILD

Existing Families on Site FAMILY 1 1. SINGLE MOTHER 2. OLDEST SON 3. GIRLFRIEND OF OLDEST SON 4. GRANDSON 5. DAUGHTER 6. YOUNGEST SON

?

Site Analysis Diagram

Contextual Analysis Diagram 10 EXPECTANT MOTHERS

FAMILY 2 1. MOTHER 2. FATHER 3. CHILD 1 4. CHILD 2

TRANSITION

PREPARED INDEPENDENT SINGLE MOTHERS

+ SEPT - FEB FEB - MAY MAY - SEPT

PEDESTRIAN SIDEWALK

?

SINGLE MOTHER COMMUNITY CENTRE

VEHICULAR THROUGHFARE

PRIVACY

SECURITY

MUSIC FOUNDATION SCHOOL

| 178

Latitudinal Sectional Perspective

Ground Floor Rendering

179 |

Longitudinal Sectional Perspective

I CORRUGATED STEEL ROOF

I ROOF TOP PLAYSPACE

I STRUCTURAL BAMBOO (GUAGUA) COLUMNS I STRUCTURAL BAMBOO (GUAGUA) BEAMS

I GABION WALL (NON STRUCTURAL)

I STEEL MESH I WEAVED FACADE (RECYCLED MATERIAL) I LOFT WITH BED

I SHARED COMMUNAL/PLAY SPACE

I LADDER TO LOFT ABOVE I DOUBLE HEIGHT UNIT WITH LOFT ABOVE

I SHARED COMMUNAL KITCHEN I WORKSHOP SPACE I DINING ROOM I GARAGE DOOR

I METAL GATE AS FRONT DOOR

Exploded Axonometric | 180

Ground Floor 1. MAIN ENTRANCE 2. FRONT PORCH 3. GARAGE DOOR 4. DINING ROOM 5. ATRIUM GARDEN 6. WORKSHOP SPACE 7. COMMUNAL KITCHEN 8. WASHROOM

7.

4.

8.

1.

5.

2.

6.

3.

Second Floor 1. BALCONY 2. BEDROOMS 3. OPEN TO BELOW 4. DOUBLE HEIGHT UNIT WITH LOFT 5. COMMUNAL SPACE 6. WASHROOM

2.

4.

3.

2.

6.

5.

3.

1.

Section A-A

181 |

Southwest Elevation

2.

Atrium Render

Communal Space Render

Double Height Loft Render

Balcony Render

Phasing Strategy | 182

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

TRANSITIONAL HOUSING FOR YOUNG GIRLS DUSTIN SAUDER The Siloé Transition Housing for Girls seeks to address concerns with the high level of drug use, prostitution, and human trafficking that occurs as young females leave the orphanages and fend for themselves on the street. The transitional housing provides a space where the orphan girls can live before they are forced to face harsh realities and can continue to grow in a stable environment. Through design, these girls are taught to live in a community and support one another, develop a sense of self-worth, and most importantly, feel secure. Careful consideration of material palette, construction technologies, and passive design allow the housing project to integrate itself into the community while still appearing modest and beautiful. These considerations also have an important impact on the security and privacy, and effect how the transitional housing interacts with the street and its inhabitants.

Overlap

1/4 mile

1/4 mile

Concern

Mapping

$

1 Young orphan girls in Cali grow up in orphanages without a proper support system and are left extremely vulnerable.

Orphanage 4 Instead, the girls should be removed form the orphanage and introduced to a transitional home where they can build self confidence and useful skills.

183 |

2 Between the ages of 14-18 girls are forced to leave the orphanages and fend for themselves in the real world.

3 In order to survive, the orphan girls are befriended by young men who force the girls into prostitution, drugs, and human trafficking.

Transitional House 5 In the transitional home, the young girls will live together in a community and support each other to grow stronger.

Existing Site Condition

Public Space

Security & Privacy Barriers

School for Single Mothers

Mapping

Music Centre

Medical Clinic

SIDOC Foundation

NGO Existing Family on Site

Site Context

Project in Context | 184

Context Plan 1 2 3 4 5 6

SIDOC Foundation Medical Centre Music Centre Performance Space Basketball Court School for Single Mothers 7 Future Housing

1 2 7 4 3 5

4

6 1

10 5

Visualization

185 |

20

m

Roof Terrace

m

Level 4

Level 3

Level 2

Level 1

2 1

Lateral Section

Roof Terrace

Roof Terrace

Level 4

Level 4

Level 3

Level 3

Level 2

Level 2

Level 1

Level 1

2

Front Elevation

4

1

2 4

Back Elevation

1

4

| 186

2

1

Ground Floor Plan

3 4

5

6

1 2 3 4

A

B

Yard Counseling Courtyard Communal Living Area

3 1

4

1

2

C

UP

D

1

2

3

4

5

Second Floor Plan

6

1 Laundry and Drying Area 2 Communal Washroom

A WH

B

2

1 DN

C

UP

D

1

2

3

4

5

Third Floor Plan

6

1 Caretaker & Family Residents 2 Dorm Rooms

A

2 B

2 DN

1

C

UP

2

D

1

2

3

4

5

Fourth Floor Plan

6

1 Dorm Rooms A

1 1 B

1 1 1 D

DN

C

UP

1

10

1 5

187 |

20

m

1

2

3

4

5

Roof Terrace Floor Plan

6

1 Garden 2 Water Collection

A

2 B

1

1 DN

D

C

2

1

2

3

4

5

Roof Plan

6

A

B

C D

10

1 5

1 Bamboo screens provide privacy in the dorm rooms while in the closed position. Gaps between the bamboo pieces allow for air movement to pass through the closed screens.

Facade Details

20

m

2 When the bamboo screens are in the open position, the dorm room has visual connection to the street and the outside world. Also, much stronger breezes, more air movement, and light can enter the room.

Visualization | 188

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

Transitional Housing For Displaced Farmers In Siloe Siavash Vazirnezami Efforts in this project are geared toward providing healthy living conditions for families who are -directly or indirectly- victims of violence and are in need of shelter as well as being embraced in a community for a certain duration of time until they become able to find an appropriate live-work conditions based on their past experience and skills.

Due to existing realities, all of the above have to be achieved with minimal recourses.

This project aims to satisfy the aforementioned concerns, by providing necessary and relevant spaces such as a “communal space” where families can socialize and feel being part of a community, and a “garden” in which they can re-employ their skills not only to help in reducing the living costs but also to start a potential business activity.

Great flexibly within the interior spaces are allowed since the lives of these families are considered to be in a “transitional state” in which presumably a rough multi-functional space is of more use compared to specially compartmentalized spaces.

Key Information

User Group Scenario

4.5 million IDP`s in Colombia

Average family size: ............................................................................................................................................... ........................ 4 Under age 19: ............................................................................................................................................... ............................. 40% Between age 20-59: ............................................................................................................................................... ................. 51% Over age 59: ............................................................................................................................................................... .................. 9% Houses vacancy rate: ............................................................................................................................................... ................. 1% Houses with access to potable water: .............................................................................................................................

Average family size in siloe is 4

Improved Living Condiditon

Collabrative Farm (Garden):

Skills: skills acquired can be a source of income for members of the family either by further developing the farm into a community scale or by taking part in developing the concept elsewhere.

189 |

A common space where domestic animals such as hens and roosters are kept and vegetables are grown.

. . . . . . . . . . . .

Displaced Farmer Families

Universidad Libre

Project site

Communa 20

Calle 1 (highway) Colegio Francisco

Bus line

Collector road 200 m

Future highway 400 m

Cable car line

Morning wind Colegio Estaquio

Midday wind Afternoon wind

Evening wind

Context Plan and Wind Directions

Context Plan and Wind Directions (Legend)

Concrete Staircase

Bamboo Secondary Shell

Bamboo Truss

Central Core ( concretr frame )

Massing Process

Major Structural Elements | 190

Carrera

47 A

Carrera

Street Level View From Northwest

191 |

Calle 1

2

Buil ding

G ar den

Futu re d evel opm ents

Calle

13

PL

48

Site Plan and Future Development

1

10 5

m

Wet spaces are arranged vertically so that costs for piping and water circulation equipment are minimised

Laundry & Clothes air drying

Water tank

Laundry & Clothes air drying

Washroom & Bathroom

Washroom & Bathroom

Kitchen

Dining

Communal space

Storage & Chicken coup

Storage & Chicken coup Existing Building

Cross Section

Section A-A

Main Entry

Existing Building

North Elevation

East Elevation | 192

Carrera 47 A

Garden B

Carrera 48

PL

Point of Importanc

North Garden Entry

Point of Importance

Point of Importance

Dining Space

Communal Area

A

Point of Importance

Sheer Wall B

Point of Importance

A

Main Entry

Communal Kitchen

View From East

193 |

Ground Floor Plan

1

10 5

m

Woodden Wedge

Bamboo secondary shell acts as bot railing and shade casting shadow on buildings face (on west facade)

fixed bamboo screen allows air passage and prevent rain form entering the units

fixed bamboo screen allows air passage (above average person height)

Used Coke Bottles

Translucent screen preventing rain and direct sunrays from entering the unit while allows for abundant ambient light (east facade)

Cantilleverd hallways act as not only the access path to units but also as shades that cast shadow on the surface of the walls and reduce the amount of absorbed head from western light

Bamboo pols

Bamboo Joint Detail

Concrete (structure)

Brick (Regular Walls)

Bamboo (Railings & Furniture)

Ropes (Joints & Bracings)

Climatic/Privacy Diagram

Corrogated Sheets (RooďŹ ng)

Jute (Window Covers)

Used Tires (Landscaping/Furniture)

Gabion (Landscaping)

Material Pallet

Communal Space On Ground Floor | 194

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

Fertility Rate

CASA DE ORQUIDEAS

3.99 per woman in 1980

WING SHUM

2.10 per woman in 2010

Children in Colombia

Due to the Machismo culture in Colombia, 35% of children in the country are raised from a single mother family. In a place filled with crime and violence like Siloé in Cali Colombia, the rate of a single mother with children is higher than average. Mostly emotionally exhausted with no source of income, these families struggle to live and often 35% Single Parent Family have an unhappy future for both the mother and the child. In this project, a complex designated solely for single mother families will provide shelter and self-employment opportunities for those who are in need.

Income Generation to Cali

12% Living With No Parent

>3000

Theoretically, a foundation will provide a long term – low interest funding program, architectural advice and a team of skilled craftsman to help build this complex. The residents are encouraged to function as a team to generate income to pay for the housing complex and provide emotion support for each other. In this project, different design approaches to achieve ideal living conditions with marginal income and maximum income generation are examined.

2nd Largest Floral Exporter In The World

Over 3000 Species Of Orchids Found In Colombia

Income Generation to Siloe

Income

Bakery And Café Servicing Residents Of Siloe

Transportation

Food

User Group

911

Education

Vulnerable Single Mother With Young Children Of Age Under 15

Security

Emergency

Play

Health

195 |

Greenery

Desire Complex Location

Program Considerations

Lift Built Volume Up Free Up Ground Level For Communal Space

Create Voids For Natural Daylight

Cross Ventilation In All Parts Of Building

Clear Separation Between Programs

Create A Soothing And Relaxing Place For Vulnerable Families To Call Home

Mapping Police Station Recreation Education Health MIO-Cable Station Commercial Strip In Siloe MIO-Cable Line Bus Stops River Desire Complex Location

| 196

2.5

Site Plan

6 5 2 3 4 1 7

15

60 30

Context Plan 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Selected Site Community Centre Basketball Court Soccer Field Playground Commercial Stripe Cali

Visualization 197 |

10 5

120

m

20

m

B A

A

B

Ground Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

Third Floor Plan

Fourth Floor Plan 5 2.5

10

m

Section A-A

| 198

Axonometric Section B-B

199 |

Front Wall Detail | 200

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

BREATH HABITAT SIVAN GLAZBERG BrEAth Habitat is an off-the-grid four-story mixed used residence situated in Siloé, Cali, Colombia. The facility is designed for families with members suffering from Bronchitis, Emphysema, and Asthma which are common diseases in Siloé. As these diseases cause fatigue and mobility challenges, the facility is entirely wheelchair accessible, with vertical circulation by means of a ramp ascending five stories along the site perimeter.

The residence incorporates a grand courtyard with communal kitchen, dining area and internal gardens where residents can grow medicinal herbs and fresh food. The facility structure consists of concrete foundations, columns, beams and floor slabs. A large clear corrugated plastic roof with bamboo shading devices is supported by rebar space frame truss that can be bent into shape and erected on site. The roof protects the communal spaces from rain, and collects water which is stored in an underground cistern for gray water, and in a water tank on the fifth floor for potable water. Electricity for the facility is collected via solar panels installed on the roof. Noise and air pollution are reduced by cross ventilation, vegetation, and water; thus creating a tranquil and healthy indoor space. Income generation is provided through a yoga studio and kiosk on the ground level, as well as through four rental units on the fourth level. BrEAth Habitat enhances its residents’ lives by providing them a healthy, tranquil home with opportunity for income generation, social interaction, and community involvement.

Parti

Parti

Program

201 |

Accessibility

Breathability

Climate

Solar panels on the roof collect electricity

Water is collected from the roof to a water tank on the ďŹ fth level, and to an underground cistern underneath the interior courtyard.

Cross ventilation is made possible by orienting the residences to face the wind, creating a large courtyard, and cladding the residences with porous bamboo screen.

Water passing through the courtyard reduces noise and cleanses the air from dust

Vegetation around the building reduces street pollution

Natural light passes through the clear corrugated plastic roof, and bamboo shading devices prevent overheating interior spaces.

Environmental Systems Context

| 202

Facade Detail

Privacy

Site Plan

1

5 2.5

203 |

10

m

3

3 2

4

4

2

5 5

5

4

6

6

33

11

88

9

1

1 UP

7

9

7

2

Ground Floor Plan

10

1

UP

2

2

1

3

2

2

3

2

22

22

22

2

2

10

44 1. Main entrance gate 2. Communal dining room 3. Communal kitchen 4. Interior garden 5. Potable water 6. Ramp 7. Carrousel [grey-water pump] 8. Yoga studio 9. Kiosk 10. Kiosk dining

DN

DN

UP

4

UP

UP

4

55

10 1. Main entrance gate 2. Communal dining room 3. Communal kitchen 4. Interior garden 5. Potable water 6. Ramp 7. Carrousel [grey-water pump] 8. Yoga studio 9. Kiosk 10. Kiosk dining

1. Corridor 2. Barrier free residence for family of four 3. Communal bathroom 4. Ramp 5. Garden

Second and Third Floor Plan

1. Corridor 2. Barrier free residence for family of four 3. Communal bathroom 4. Ramp 5. Garden

1. Corridor 2. Barrier free residence for couples 3. Communal bathroom 4. Ramp

Fourth Floor Plan

1

5 2.5

10

m

Solar panels incorporated into roof system

Clear corrugated plastic rooďŹ ng with bamboo shading devices Metal ramp

Polished concrete Floor

Steel frame and wire mesh screen

Bamboo screen wall

Gabion Wall

Flagstone Floor

Materiality | 204

Front Facade

Existing: three lots occupied by two-story residences

Phasing 205 |

Phase 1: run columns through existing buildings to frame two stories above, which will house occupants while demolishing the existing structure.

Phase 2: Demolish ďŹ rst two stories, construct underground cistern and perimeter foundations, and rebuild second story.

Sectional Perspectives

Phase 3: Build two commercial facilities on the ground level

Phase 4: Construct barrier free ramp around site perimeter, and build roof.

Phase 5: Install surrounding screen and plant vines

| 206

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

SILOÉ ORPHANAGE STEVEN BIERSTEKER The primary structuring idea behind the siloé orphanage for boys was to use sports to integrate the community with the new orphanage. With a soccer pitch, basketball court, and two pools currently existing on the site, engagement with sport was essential.

The projects seeks to reinterpreting the idea of live work play by creating a modular, flexible living space which can be transformed based on user needs and facility program requirements. Incorporating both growth and transformation of spaces to allow for various activities within the orphanage.

Architectural, a central gathering space was created to operate around the collection of water and integrate the horizontal program of the site (the community) with the vertical program of the orphanage in order to regenerate the existing facility.

Massing Models

Site Selection User Group Colombia’s 18,000,000 children make up 40% of the population

207 |

820,000

orphans live in colombia in 2010

11,000

child soldiers are actively involved in conflict

Context Plan

Massing Process

Existing Site Conditions

Orphanage Site

Public Pool

G IN EN Ev W D IN S

Basketball Courts

Library | Elementry School

| 208

Visualization

209 |

Site Axonometric

3 2

2 4

Ground Plan 1 2 3 4

Gallery Space Storage Area Waste Collection Gathering Area

1

1

7

6

6

5

5

Second Plan

5 DN

5 Childrens Room 6 Mentors Room 7 Washrooms

UP

UP

5

5

5

5

5

8 9

9

11

10 9 DN

DN

Third Plan 8 Kitchen 9 Flex Space 10 Dining Hall 11 Laundry Room

1.75

5 2.5

10

m

| 210

Metal RooďŹ ng

Bamboo Joists

Bamboo Trusses

Brick Walls

Bamboo Floors

Bamboo Structure

Gabion Walls

Building Components

Passive Ventilation

.75

East Elevation 211 |

3 1.5

6

m

Cali Precipitation December - 16.3 mm Roof Area - 180m2 Total Perc. - 2900 Litres December - 105mm Roof Area - 180m2 Total Perc. - 18,900 Litres

Water Storage

Plastic Drum 500mm x 800mm 115 Litre Capacity

Grey Water Storage 12 Drums 1380 Litres of Storage Potable Water Storage 16 Drums 1840 Litres of Storage Visualization

Exploded Axonometric

| 212

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

CENTRO COMUNITARIO ESPERANZA ERANGA DE ZOYSA Drugs and gangs are a violent reality in Colombia. In SiloĂŠ, the issues are compounded as the informal settlements house the criminal activity. Given that drastic measures need to be taken to curb the gangs and cartels, this project is an exploration into the aftermath of a drastic change delivered by the government. In such a reality, youth whom often are exploited will be required to be rehabilitated to the realities of society and community.

Homicide Rate

By Communa in Cali 100 + 51 - 100 0 - 50

6

2 4

7

1

The design of the building produces a vertical strategy that functions holistically with the program intended on reintroducing the youth back into society. The building is split into two parts that are divided by a vertical open core that contains a vertical garden. The two parts represent the different construction methodologies in the region which are concrete and bamboo. The interior corridor produces the vegetation the youth will harvest to then deliver to the communal kitchen for production; allowing the youth to gain monetarily. Allowing for the idea that there are other methods of achieving a life without resorting to criminal activity.

5

3

8 9 12

21 13

14

11

19

20

10

16

15

18 17

22

Drug Trade and Criminal Activity AS A WAY OF LIFE IN COLOMBIA

Gang Intensity Active Gang Members By Communa in Cali

6

200 + 100 - 200 0 - 100

2

5

4

7

1

3

8 9 12

21 13

11

19

20

10

16

18 17

1% OF TOTAL POPULATION (GANGS) CAUSES 13% OF TOTAL HOMICIDES 22

213 |

15

14

Local Ground Conditions

TYPICAL INFORMAL CONDITION

Site Selection

CRIMINAL RELATED CONDITION

| 214

Adaptive Facade Controlled Ventilation System Via Grass Mat Screens

Adaptive Interiors

Stowed away

Interiors Renders

215 |

Table

Bench

Bed

18 17 16

8

15

Sun Angle

14

5

13 12 11

7

10 0

Evening Winds

5

9 8

4

7

6

6 5

3

4 3 2

Morning Winds

2

1

1

I

Environmental Systems

J

K

Ground Floor Plan

4 2

1 2 3 4

Primary Entrance Staff OfďŹ ce Reception Computer Area + Library

5 6 7 8

10

m

Multi-Function Spaces Communal Kitchen / Dining Laundry Secondary Entrance

Exterior Render

| 216

East Elevation

4 2

Vertical Garden

10

m

Building Section Passive Rain Collection Integrating Design With Social Responsibility

+ +

4 2

217 |

10

m

18

18

17

17

16

16 15

14

14

1

13

1

13

12

12

11 10

5

4

1

6

1

9

3

8

2

1

7

6

6

5

4

4

5

2 4

1

3

1

3

2 1

4

8

1

7

2

1

1

1

A

I

Second Floor Plan

B

C H

J

K

I

J

K

Third Floor Plan

4 2

1 2 3 4

Flex Space x 5 Family Sleeping Rooms Communal Shower + WR Vertical Vegetation

10

m

5 Garden Storage + Cistern 6 Individual Storage

Exterior Render

| 218

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

THE QUILT ASHLEY ADAMS The Quilt is a place for victims of domestic violence to start over. Women who have been able to escape and leave their abusers do not always have a place to call home.

Housing and an opportunity to become an entrepreneur is provided for these women to help them reintegrate into society as independent, strong survivors. Basic skills, financial literacy, business management and business growth strategies are offered to encourage each woman to start her own business and to help her financially prepare for her future.

Interior space is provided for women to create their product, and a market adjacent to the housing for them to sell. It was crucial to locate The Quilt in proximity to the Galeria de Arte to form a hub for women to unify together and take control. Both are co-dependent and rely on the other to sustain life in Siloé.

The form is inspired by the idea of the quilt: an exterior facade that wraps and protects the users from harm. The skin allows the interior to be completely flexible with operable partition walls controlled by the residents. The women can control the amount of visibility, air, and sunlight that enters. The circulation created encourages women to interact with each other to form the crucial social networks required for starting a small business.

This network of women would create a strong bond among the community of Siloé and transform the way women are treated.

Proposed Site for Housing Existing Market and Gallery for Women

Creating continuity and connections with market and gallery.

219 |

Program Development ďŹ nancial literacy business management basic literacy business growth strategies

crime crime Heal

crafts furniture making clothing embroidery and stitching decorative ornaments cooking and baking

Violence Towards Women poverty

lack of education

break the cycle

Create

individual ofďŹ ce/sale space market

Sell

| 220

locate

house

ventilate

foster interaction

provide privacy and exibility

protect

Form Development

5

Site Plan 221 |

10

m

security + protection + exibility

THE QUILT

fully open

Ground Floor

semi open

Second Floor

fully closed

Third Floor

Fourth Floor

5 10

m

Flexibility of Sleep/Work Spaces | 222

Ground oor entrance from street

West-facing Elevation through site connecting housing, market, and gallery 223 |

BB

AA BB

AA

5

Section AA

10

Section BB

m

5 10

m

| 224

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

SILOE HOME FOR ADDICTION AND MENTAL HEATH LEEANN PALLETT “[Colombia] has completed the job of reducing the supply, but the country has begun to convert itself into a center for mass [drug] consumption.”

- Colombian Police Chief General Oscar Naranjo Domestic Drug Users by City (2008) Medellin : 6.3%

Domestic narcotic micro-trafficking is a growing problem in Siloé, in addition to the struggles of alcoholism and mental health among the population. Sufferers of addiction and mental illness are highly unlikely to manage their problem alone. A strong support network is crucial in treating these issues. The goal of the project is to design a therapeutic community with a focus on re-socializing people to a sober, crime free lifestyle in order for the individual to successfully re-enter the greater society. The Siloé Home for Addiction and Mental Health is a communal living facility constructed with guadua and clad in translucent polycarbonate panels, both inexpensive and readily available materials that lend the project a sense of lightness. The double height interior spaces provide multiple interesting gathering spaces for residents that enforce the communal living concept. The interior partitions do not rise to meet the ceiling, allowing auditory security throughout the facility. Passive ventilation is achieve through stack effect and light is brought into the narrow site through the translucent facade. The project is a beacon to those in need, a healing lantern on the hillside.

Bogota : 2.9 % Cali : 4.9%

World Health Organization 2004 / Canada Profile Alcohol use disorders (Ages 15+) Males : 5.43% Females: 1.92% World Health Organization 2004 / Colombia Profile Alcohol use disorders (15+) Patterns of drinking score: Moderate Males : 10.33% Females: 2.55%

Patterns of drinking score: Moderately Risky

1 2 3 4 5 225 |

1 2 3 4 5

Social Cleansing There have been instances of social cleansing on behalf of:

Paramilitary

+

Mano Negra

Police

Homeless

=

LGBTQ

Drug Addicted Security is Paramount

1

4 2

8

m

| 226

South Elevation

East Elevation 1:500 1

4 2

8

m

Lower Ground Level

Ground Level 1:250 .5

2 1

227 |

4

m

Level 4

Level 2

Level 3

Level 5 1:250 .5

2 1

4

m

Communal Dining Area

| 228

batten

polycarbonate panel guadua cross brace

threaded rod & bolt

transverse guadua beam filled with concrete at connections longitudinal guadua beam filled with concrete at connections guadua column filled with concrete at connections

Model constructed at 1:100

Column Detail 5

20 10

40

mm

Courtyard

229 |

Night Render

| 230

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

SITUATION SIILOÉ: A LIVING FRAMEWORK FOR IDPs IN COLOMBIA JASON RAMELSON Situation Siloé is a transitional complex that serves the greater community of Cali. It is comprised of a multi-dimensional framework that features a hybrid structure capable of entwining together to create a dynamic living condition. Primary housing elements feature ten units that merge individuals together in both dormitory and double style rooms. Two mentor units house individuals capable of directing an at risk user group and facilitating the needs of those troubled occupants. These specific masses, compared to the lightweight bamboo structure, establish a solidification of functional hierarchies and stand out as defining elements that can be described as both contained and free.

The facility is open to only a specific group of individuals; Internally Displaced People of Afro-Colombian decent. This group of people have the opportunity to contribute to the community by entering into a transitional housing strategy that not only provides temporary accommodation, but features a framework for healthy living conditions and a means of participatory injection into the workforce of Siloé or Cali. This transitional structure allows for integration of IDPs and solves the dramatic dependencies for housing people that have been forcefully displaced from their points of origin.

Visualization

231 |

Program

1

2

3

4

5

1 Lobby/Entrance 2 Commercial Outlet 3 Washroom/Shower 4 OfďŹ ces 5 Cafeteria 6 Utility Room 7 Mentors Single Rooms (2) 8 Double Rooms (2) 9 Dorm Rooms (2) 6

North Elevation

7

8

9

1

5 2

m

East Elevation | 232

Ground Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

Third Floor Plan

233 |

1

5

1

1 m

2

5

1

1 m

2

5 2

5 2

Fourth Floor Plan

m

Fifth Floor Plan

m

Sixth Floor Plan

5 2

1 m

m

5 2

Visualization

West Elevation

1

5 2

m

South Elevation | 234

Visualization

235 |

Visualization

1 Concrete Foundation

2 Public Square

3 Concrete Block Partitions

4 Concrete Slabs

5 Bamboo Columns

6 Bamboo Beams

7 Bamboo Partitions

8 Bamboo Lateral Bracing

9 Stairs

10 Bamboo Railings

11 Bamboo Screen

12 Roof

Components Diagram

Transverse Section

1

5 2

m

Longitudinal Section | 236

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

HOUSING FOR RECYCLING WORKERS

$

RYAN ALEXANDER The proposed facility will provide housing for 10 families of recycling workers as part of a live-work community program. The live-work program is intended to provide regular income generation from sale of recycled material and urban waste products such as polystyrene, expanded clay, plastics, glass, and fiberglass can be used in composite concrete structural building materials, then used in the construction of housing for the families of program workers.

Design emphasis is placed on community activity and open circulation, having free access on the ground floor. There is a focus on buildability, the project with use recycled and salvaged materials found locally by the workers and sold to be local tradesman for construction. Materiality includes the development of a “breathable” wall system using reclaimed recycled wood planks to provide effective cross ventilation throughout the building. In addition to a cost-efficient Gabion cladding system using reclaimed coarse aggregates.

Concept Diagram

$

SILOÉ

Concept Mapping 237 |

Site Selection

Stack

Lift

Hinge

Access

Building Design Strategy | 238

Site Plan

239 |

Visualization

1

4 2

8

m

2

2 3 1 DN UP

1

1

3 1 2

Ground Floor Plan 1 Resident Storage 2 Communal Laundry 3 Social Space

Section A-A

1

Second and Third Floor Plan

4 2

8

m

1 Two Bedroom Unit 2 Three Bedroom Unit

Section B-B

1

4 2

8

m

| 240

Component Materiality

Composite and Reinforced Concrete Structure

Reclaimed Timber Planks Salvaged Sheet Metal

Vizualization

Gabion Cladding

Composite Concrete Reclaimed Timber Planks

Corrugated Metal Roof Dimensional Lumber Structure

241 |

Breathable Wall System

Vizualization

Perspective Section

| 242

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

SENIOR STREET VENDORS HOUSING IRIS SO This project aims to provide a family atmosphere, restoration of DIGNITY and CONCERN for those in their declining years. In a slum society like Siloé, the importance of the old is evident. Taking care of them is a challenge but the most interesting part is their survival tactics. With the tough economic situation in Colombia, even the elderly are required to work in order are not spared; they work extra hard, so that they are not eliminated by to make ends meet. In fact to survive, senior street vendor housing is place to provide shelter for the younger competitors and elderly to live, socialize and communicate while retaining their occupation during their declining years. A saving and loan program will be used in this building, to educate people to save and earn to support and facilitate the building’s needs.

Due to the extreme hot climate at Siloé, Colombia, various design strategies are taken into consideration: 1) Sun 2) Views & Privacy 3) Fresh Air / Ventilation 4) Noise

INCOME

Statistics shows that only 22% of poverty adult save money for old age. There are two disappointing reality that can be blamed, 1) Low level of awareness to save for life after retirement 2) Government is not coming with strict regulation on saving for the old age.

HEALTH

$ H

Question: If one is an elderly poor person he/she remain actively involved in working until she/she is feeble.

AGEING

243 |

YEAR

# OF STREET VENDORS

1991

400

1992

465

1994

340

1997

207

1998

1,753

2000

2,340

2005

3,043

Targeted User Group Older people who do not have financial support and required to make money as street vendors

Selling Cheap Hot Homemade Coffee out of thermos jugs

OLD IS GOLD. Gold is precious and expensive.

Site Criteria Colombia is close to the equator therefore the sun is directly (90degree) above the building most of the time during the day.

Walking Distances

Right Across the highway on the beginning of the slope, flat

Step Courtyard

Façade study

Commercial District Potential Location Selling Coffee SETBACK 3m

1.5-2 storeys high

EXISITNG NEIGHBOUR

6 STOREYS

VS

6 STOREYS

HIGHWAY

CITY

EXISITNG NEIGHBOUR

3 STOREYS

SETBACK 3m

NEIGHBOUR DEVELOPMENT

1.5-2 storeys high

EXISITNG NEIGHBOUR

HIGHWAY

CITY

EXISITNG NEIGHBOUR

Height Limits

Neighbour Development | 244

Natural Ventilation Heat Reduction

Double Hung Windows

SECTION A-A

SINGLE 7.5m²

DOUBLE 12.5m²

SHARED 25m²

Bedroom Units

Morning Sun 245 |

Bedroom Configuration

Noon Sun 90degree

Last Afternoon.Evening Sun

SUN at NOON 12:00PM

Section A-A SUN IN E ENING

Natural Daylight Sunglight & Heat SUN N COOLING / SOUND BARRIER

COOLING / SOUND BARRIER

COOLING /SOUND BARRIER

HIGHWAY

EXISITNG NEIGHBOUR

COOLING / SOUND BARRIER

COOLING /SOUND BARRIER

HIGHWAY

EXISITNG NEIGHBOUR

MO N N

COOLING /SOUND BARRIER

HIGHWAY

EXISITNG NEIGHBOUR

SUN at NOON 12:00PM

SUN N

NN

1

1

2

t at 1 S 2 M ta t

t at 1 S 2 S a a

t t a t a

t at a a

a a t

a S a

Section C-C

Section B-B

1

1

3

3

6

6

2

2 5 7

7

4

4

6

6 8

8 Buiding Program

Buiding Program 5

First Floor - Living & Laundry

Second Floor Living & Small Dining

1) Single Bedroom 2) Double Bedroom 3) 4 persons Bedroom 4) Laundry 5) Mid-level courtyard (Porous pavement 6) Seating area 7) Kitchenette 8) Shower & Toilet - Male/Female

GF

1F

CISTERN ABOVE WET AREA

1) Single Bedroom 2) Double Bedroom 3) 4 persons Bedroom 4) Small dining area 5) Air shaft for toilet 6) Seating area 7) Kitchenette 8) Shower & Toilet - Male/Female

2F

Floor Plans | 246

1

3

2

3

1 2 3 4

Street Elevation Facade Design (Colourful , breathable, privacy) Bamboo Connection Mid Courtyard (gathering, social,dinning)

4

247 |

Rainwater Harvest

1

2a

1

3

at

a a

1 a 2a 2

at a

a

Section A-A

2

t a

a

at at at

tt t t t a t

a

t

2

HIGHWAY

EXISITNG NEIGHBOUR

2 1

2

7

3 5

1 Main Courtyard 2 Communal Kitchen 3 Cart Storage (metal Cages)

2 D

Section B-B

m

1 R 2 2 G

m

S 5

m

7

Activity within the building

8

7

Structure: Materiality

1 3

Daily Schedule

4 7 2

5 6

5:30AM 6:00 AM 7:00AM 7:30AM 8:00AM 9:00AM 2:00PM 4:00PM 5:00PM 6:00PM 7:00PM 7:30PM 9:30PM

Wake up Making Coffee Breakfast Eat Breakfast To work Cafe and shops open Home for break To work Activity/Exercise Dinner Shower Social/Gaming Sleep

| 248

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

PUBLIC SPACE REDEFINED SHAWNA SELIGMAN The intent of redefining public space is to create micro community spaces for public and social interaction. Recognizing that public and community spaces cannot be successful given the current situation of the gangs in Siloé, the proposed housing will bring the Siloé community together through small interventions that can be implemented by the individual residents through mass customization. Families and neighbours of single mothers will be united to assist each other through everyday life and emotional support.

By grouping together houses space can be saved to provide residents with a living socializing gathering and eating space separated from their private sleeping spaces. The micro public spaces can be opened up to the street during the day and closed off at night. By utilizing recycled pallets as the materiality, cross ventilation, natural daylighting and visual privacy can be obtained. The communal space allows for expensive kitchen and washroom fixtures to be shared between families in order to provide improved living comfort throughout. Public space redefined is a housing strategy that can be implemented throughout Siloé and the following project is a prototype to understand the concept customized for a specific site.

Massing Models

Detailed Model 3 KINDS OF COMMUNAL SPACE STREET FRONT SPACE

ENCLOSED AND PRIVATE SPACE

SPACE RAISED FROM GRADE

249 |

2

2

B-B

B-B

F

2

2

B-B

1

N

Prototype Site Plan

Prototype Level 1 Floor Plan Communal and Semi-Private Space

The private family unit including bedrooms deďŹ ned by bamboo dividers and visually separated.

A-A

The semi-private living space that is located next to the communal space. It is separated physically but not visually. It is intended for the family unit to have some privacy together for bonding. This space is crucial for familial interaction

N

Prototype Level 2-3 Floor Plan Private Space

Semi-Private FAMILY UNIT LIVING SPACE

INDIVIDUAL SLEEPING SPACE

Private

B-B

1

N

Communal NEIGHBOUR LIVING/EATING SPACE

Prototype Context Plan

A-A

The communal living space is protected from the environment but not sealed off from the weather conditions. It may contain communal kitchen and living spaces for the single mothers to assist eachother in providing for their families. This space is crucial for social interaction

| 250

1 A-A

2

1.0m

B-B

1.0m

F

2

1.2m

1.2m

B-B

1

N

A-A

Recycled Pallet Dimensions

Prototype Floor Plan Level 1

Existing Site

251 |

0

1 2

Existing Site

1

4

2

4m

8

m

1

1

A-A

A-A

2

2

B-B

B-B

2

2

B-B

B-B

1

0

Prototype Floor Plan Level 2

1

N

A-A

1

2

N

A-A

4m

Prototype Floor Plan Level 3

0

1 2

1

4

2

4m

8

m

Exterior Rendering Option

| 252

1

4

0

1

2

4

BUILDING SECTION Am

Prototype Building Section A-A

253 |

2

8

1

4 m

Prototype Building Section A-A

2

8

| 254

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

255 |

HOUSING JAD JOULJI The user group involves young students the age of high school or slightly older who come to SiloĂŠ to teach English to the local younger students. Their characteristics are such as they are young, motivated, and eager for an adventure. They want to emirs themselves in the local culture and learn everything there is to know about it. As well as carry on their duty of educating the local children. Therefore it is very important to them to stay in a place within the community that they are trying to engage, a place where they can count on and trust someone to take care of them, a safe place. The proposed project is a housing complex for such students, each student will take a room that would be the private place for the person. The students would share a communal living and dining space in the complex. Under the supervision of local family that lives in the complex in their own housing unit. But a very important component of the complex is the cafĂŠ / restaurant that is run by the family that live there as a generating income.

The cafĂŠ and some of the areas in the complex are open to the public, it encourages the students and the public to interact and learn about each other

EXTERIOR FACADE BAMBOO FLOOR BAMBOO DEMISING WALL BUILT IN DESK AND CASEWORK ROOF SYSTEM STRUCTURE CONECTING CORRIDOR

| 256

ENTRANCE: FMAILY HOUSE / BUSINESS ENTRANCE: STUDENT TEACHER RES. ENTRANCE RESTAURANT / CAFE MAIN ROAD SECONDARY ROAD 5

20 10

257 |

40

m

ENTRANCE: FMAILY HOUSE / BUSINESS ENTRANCE: STUDENT TEACHER RES. FAMILY HOUSE CAFETERIA / HOUSE KITCHEN COURTYARD CAFETERIA WASHROOMS CAFETERIA HANDWASH AREA CAFETERIA CAFETERIA STORAGE CAFETERIA PADIO

ENTRANCE: STUDENT TEACHER RES. MALE WASHROOMS AND SHOWERS FEMALE WASHROOMS AND SHOWER OPEN TO THE COURTYARD BELOW sTUDENT TEACHER ROOM OUTDOOR HANGOUT AREA 5

20 10

40

m

| 258

259 |

STUDENT TEACHERS HOUSE FAMILY PUBLIC

VENTILATION

| 260

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

HOUSE OF LIFE - HOUSING FOR PREGNANT TEENS

According to human rights NGO Plan International, in Colombia, mothers or pregnant.

20% of adolescent girls are either

FILIP TISLER A trend which they say is derived from Colombia’s “machismo” culture.

Teen pregnancy is a common concern in many countries it is one of the leading reasons that teen girls drop out of school, and resort to unhealthy means of obtaining income in order to support themselves and their child. Siloé has an astonishingly high teen pregnancy rate. This project tries to address this concern by provide a comfortable living environment for the mothers or expected mothers as well as a hygienic and sterile medical clinic for slandered check-ups and a healthy delivery. The building attempts to invite light into every floor and provide natural ventilation utilizing the light and ventilation stacks located adjacent to each unit. It provides multilevel communal gathering spaces and horizontally folding walls to provide privacy and protection from the suns radiating heat.

It is estimated that every year

90 out of every 1,000 Colombian girls aged 15 to 19 become pregnant

With legal abortions legal only in cases where the mother or baby is at risk — most of these girls find themselves responsible for a child.

It was reported that in 2007 there were

6,599 cases of teen pregnancy where as in 2009 the number had risen

6,928

to with teen mothers generally showing a continual rise in the statistics.

60% chance of having another child this demonstrates a

“Teen pregnancy is established as one of the main causes of poverty in the country, for that reason it is required to take the necessary steps to prevent further problems caused by these cases,” Simon Gaviria, President of Colombia’s House of Representatives

Visualization

261 |

Medical booths Cable car stations Five minute walking distance

Phasing

Mapping

Site

Foundation

Medical Clinic (Income generation)

2nd Floor Residential

3rd Floor Residential

5th Floor Residential

1st Floor Residential

| 262

Housing: (150m ) 2

Psychological health: (40m ) 2

Living Units

Open Space

Medical health: (130m ) 2

Other

Clinic

Washroom Laundry Kitchen

Site Plan

263 |

Visualization

Program

1

4 2

Ground Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

Fifth Floor Plan

Roof Plan

Third Floor Plan

8

m

Fourth Floor Plan

Transverse Section

| 264

Sun Shading

Passive Diagram

Natural Ventilation View

Visualization

265 |

Visualization

North Elevation

West Elevation

| 266

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

HOUSE OF LIGHT , SILOE RAWYA AL AMEEN The project aims to create an opportunity for the young and their families, to learn and develop working skills that prepare them to carve their way into the working, through establishing a joint framework between local educational institutions in Cali such as the School for Life ( Escuela para la Vida), NGOs, Government and the community. In Siloé, 41 % of the population is under age 19. These children leave school at that age or older, unprepared to take technical jobs or contribute with specialized skills to sustain their families or, if orphans, themselves. They have few chances to improve their quality of life.

Program

Educational / Community Proposed site

SILOE

20

5 10

0.49 M2

40

m

SILOÉ’S POPULATION : 62,000 UNEMPLOYMENT IN SILOÉ : 13-20%

9

M2

12 M2 Green Space 267 |

UP TO 12,400 PEOPLE ARE UNEMPLOYED

Private Units

Site Selection And Analysis

Site Plan

10 5

20

m

| 268

Perspective

269 |

Section Perspective

Plans

Section Perspective

| 270

Program Diagram

Environmental Systems

271 |

Environmental Systems Diagram

| 272

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

CASAVELO [VEILHOUSE] ANTONIO CUNHA CasaVelo [VeilHouse] is envisioned as a prototypical response to many of the challenges associated with inadequate housing in Colombia’s favelas and Siloév in particular. The project proposes the abolishment of the traditional terms “top-down” and “bottomup” in pursuit of a parallel non-hierarchal engagement with the community and the families interested in making holistic improvements to their home and lifestyle. Through contextually informed design, the project seeks to enable its habitants to create their own space and identity. Through a unitized design approach, the building is assembled through a ‘“kit of parts” providing an optimized flexible floor plate and ease of construction. Local, cost efficient building materials such as bamboo and clay block are employed to avoid traditional panelized construction methods and the implications brought forth by large component assembly. Through a contextually informed approach to form, the home maximizes passive solar gains through a tiered roofing system and centralized gallery stair. By providing a safe, sanitary and comfortable means of living, the goal of CasaVelo is to become a catalyst for wide-spread socio-economic development through a positive holistic means of living.

The Architect as the enabler

Frontage Along Carrera 53 273 |

The community as the builder

The occupant as the determinant

Site Context Mapping

Proposed Phasing

Phase 1 | Young Family Unit

Phase 2 | Matured Family Unit

Phase 3 | Matured Family Unit

Phase 4 | Extended Family Unit Future Expansion/Terrace

| 274

1

2

3

B

4

-

C

3

4

2

1

1 4 B

3

3

5

5

3 A -

2

A

Ground Floor Plan 2 1

5

m

1 Retail Unit 2 Residential Entry 3 Corridor

4 Mechanical 5 Residential Storage

Second Floor Plan

1 Eating Area 2 Kitchen 3 Bedroom

4 Bathroom 5 Gallery Stair

Second Level Common Area

275 |

1

2

3

B

4

1

2

-

3

B

4

-

C

3

4

1

2

C

3

3

1

B

5

3

B

3

3

2

3

A

A

-

-

A

Third Floor Plan 2 1

Transverse Section

5

m

1 Seating Area 2 Shower 3 Bedroom

4 Bathroom 5 Gallery Stair

A

Fourth Floor Plan

1 Future Expansion 2 Gallery Stair 3 Bedroom

Longitudinal Section

| 276

Linear Porosity

Staggered Porosity

Dissipated Porosity

Facade Flexibility

Facade Illumination Concept

277 |

Bamboo Inserts [Interior Screen]

Corrugated Metal Deck

Steel Fascia

Steel Cabling [Interior Screen]

Bamboo Roof Joist

Bamboo Framing [Interior Screen]

Bamboo Structural Framing Bamboo Joist + Plank Flooring

Block Parting Wall Facade Framing

Steel Cabling

Bamboo Inserts

Corner Detail Exploded

Corner Detail Assembled | 278

HOU SING A C OMMU NI T Y I N NE E D

THE ARMATURE FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED PHU DINH Under the constraints of poverty, health and safety, majority of siloé’s inhabitants are extremely underprivileged. For architecture to be of relevance in a place where hope, commitments, and dignity are ignored, it has to be critical in how it engages and grows with the community from the initial ethos to the final implementation.

This design project, at a fundamental level aims to represent the subject of dignity for the people of siloé through the physiological needs of housing. The investigation will be framed by the constraints (specific to siloé) bounding the common architectural palettes of design; materiality, functionality and constructibility. Hopefully, the designed outcome from these investigations, will display architectural strategies and tactics with the potential and appropriateness to address safety, security, and dignity for inhabitants of siloé.

Vicinity Plan

Infrastructure

- Storm water management - roof, base, walls - Sidewalk development - Site security

Architecture

- Verticality as a typological strategy for siloe - Passive design and sustainable materials - Safety and security from violence

Designing on a hillside in Siloe

- Foundation for seismic and landslide conditions - Low cost structural design - Maintenance costs

Natural elements as cues

User Group Breakdown

6 Visually Impaired Ceramic Art Students 2 Blind At Birth Orphans

Husband Is A Ceramic Artist Wife Is A Braille Teacher Child Is Blind At Birth

279 |

CA

RR

ER

A5

3

- Phenomenology in architecture - Design elements - Flow of spaces

Programme Rationale

The Housing Complex Funded

By Managed And Maintained

By A Family Of Three

Existing Conditions

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

- Develop an armature that can support necessary programs i.e: kitchen, washroom facilities, and sleep area for workers to stay on-site during construction to minimize traveling distance

- Gabian walls along west elevation to prevent landslide - Orient length of structure parallel to hillside to minimize structural impact.

- Demolished brick can be used to make gabian walls for retaining walls

Roofs are connected to armature with steel cylinder plates (nuts and bolts connections) For both structural strategies, armature extends 600mm above the ďŹ nished roof to allow future expansion

2 Distinct strategies within the conďŹ nement the minimum of 5m x 5m lot. Acting as armatures, both structural strategies allow the individual units and communal program to populate vertically.

Where horizontal space are available, the armatures hold sufďŹ cient strength for horizontal expansion from 5m x 5m to 8m x 8m.

Visualization

| 280

Rainwater

L14

L15

L16

LR

Corrugated Steel Decking

L10

L11

L12

L13

Bamboo Panels

L6

L7

L2

L3

L8

L9

Bamboo grown within Comuna

L4

Gabian Wall

Materials Pallet

Re-inforced Concrete Footing

281 |

Axonometric Plans

Gabian Retaining Wall Bamboo Retaining Wall Commercial Area Water Cistern L1 Dwelling Unit Communal Unit

L5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Exploded Axonometric

22

19 18

12

10 18

2

16 6

15 15

17

15 15

23

3

11

15

Structural Footing Structural Armature Gabian Wall Bamboo Fence Outdoor Terrace Main Circulation Secondary Circulation Courtyard Ceramic Shop Damp Room Drying Shelves Kiln Common Room Kitchen Single Unit Double Unit Water Tanks Water Closet Bridge Shell Rain Water Tanks Roof Laundry Room Partition Pulley System Handrail Guardrail

14 4 1

15 15 19

14 10 20 5

View Of Typical Unit - Open Formation

View Of Typical Unit - Close Formation

| 282

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Wind and Solar Strategy

Structural Footing Structural Armature Gabian Wall Bamboo Fence Outdoor Terrace Main Circulation Secondary Circulation Courtyard Ceramic Shop Damp Room Drying Shelves Kiln Common Room Kitchen Single Unit Double Unit Water Tanks Water Closet Bridge Shell Rain Water Tanks Roof Laundry Room Partition Pulley System Handrail Guardrail

Typical Unit Exploded Axonometric 2

24

29

29

25

27

28

30 27 25 26

26

View of Ceramic Studio

Rain Water Retention Strategy 22

23

21

22

14 16 21 17

15 18 11 15 15

12 15 9 15 21 15 18 21

1

View of Courtyard from Terrace 283 |

0

Possible Modular Arrangement Armature Structural Strategy

3 Typical Units + W/C Flat

Communal / Commerce Space Balloon Structural Strategy

3

5m

Communal / Commerce Space 0.5

View of Courtyard Looking East

1

3 1

5

m

| 284

READING LIST Dias Simpson, Mariana. Urbanising favelas, overlooking people: Regressive housing policies in Rio de Janeiro’s progressive slum upgrading initiatives. DPU Working Paper No. 155. London: The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL. August, 2013. PDF Dávila, Julio D., ed. “Movilidad Urbana & Pobreza: Aprendizajes de Medellin y Socha, Colombia”. London: The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL / Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2012. PDF Dávila Julio D. “Going up in Medellín: What Can We Learn from the City’s Aerial Cable-car Lines?”, in Issue 55, DPU: Development Planning News. March, 2013. PDF Bahl, Veyom. Murder Capital to Modern Miracle? The Progression of Governance in Medellin, Colombia. DPU Working Paper No. 143. London: The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL. PDF Wade, Andrew. Urbanisation & the Production of Knowledge: The Case of Informality. DPU Working Paper No. 140. London: The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL. PDF Frediani, Alexandre Apsan and Julian Walker. “Well-being and multiple identities in cities: How can urban interventions respond to social complexity?”, in Issue 53, DPU: Development Planning News. March, 2011. PDF

Ramirez, Ronaldo, Jorge Fiori, Hans Harms, and Kosta Mathey. The Commodification of Self-Help Housing and State Intervention: Household Experiences in the “Barrios” of Caracas. DPU Working Paper No. 26.

London: The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL. April, 1991. PDF Mumtaz, Babar. “Why Cities Need Slums”, in Issue 43, DPU: Development Planning News. February, 2002. PDF Meikle, Sheilah and Alison Banister. “Significance of energy for poor urban livelihoods”, in Issue 44, DPU: Development Planning News. December, 2002. PDF. Cities Alliance for Cities without Slums: Action Plan for Moving Slum Upgrading to Scale. Special Summary Edition. The World Bank & UNCHS (Habitat). c2000. PDF The Challenge of Slums: Global Report on Human Settlements, 2003.

United Nations Human Settlements Programme. London, England & Sterling, VA: Earthscan Publications, 2003. PDF

Mattingly, Michael. “Fighting peri-urban poverty”, in Issue 50, DPU: Development Planning News. December, 2007. PDF

Imparato, Ivo and Jeff Ruster. Slum Upgrading and Participation: Lessons from Latin America. Washington, DC: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, 2003. PDF

Corubolo, Enrico. Urban Management and Social Justice. DPU Working Paper No. 92. London: The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL. December, 1998. PDF

Perten, Jacob. The Successes and Shortcomings of Participatory SlumUpgrading in Villa 31. SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad. June 8, 2011. PDF

Vilaplan, Begoña. Partnerships and Networks as New Mechanisms Towards Sustainable Urban Regeneration. DPU Working Paper No. 91. London: The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL. December, 1998. PDF

Building Urban Safety through Slum Upgrading. UN-Habitat. Nairobi: UN Habitat, 2011. PDF

Mattingly, Michael. Urban Management in Less Developed Countries. DPU Working Paper No. 72. London: The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL. July, 1995. PDF Ortiz Duran, Carolina. The Impact of Current Global Housing Strategies on the Development of the Housing Sector in Colombia. DPU Working Paper No. 71.

London: The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL. May, 1995. PDF

285 |

Vance, Irene. Women’s Participation in Self-help Housing: The San Judas Barrio Project, Managua, Nicaragua. DPU Working Paper No. 47. London: The Bartlett Development Planning Unit, UCL. c1990s. PDF

Delic, Jacqueline M. Trends in Slum Tourism. School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Guelph. c2010. PDF Magalhães Fernanda and Francesco di Villarosa, editors. Slum Upgrading – Lessons Learned from Brazil. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank, 2012. PDF

| 286

CONCLUSION With the advent of global communications and technological developments, the world is experiencing a shift in accessibility amongst the global population.

We have the ability to understand previously unknown cultures, histories and lifestyles and we turn to these novel discoveries to ground our own endeavours or propel those that are parallel. It is within these limitless bounds that we can develop new ideologies to be superimposed among any specific region but must entail a careful consideration of the local within the context of the global.

The architect of the twenty-first century must now concern his or herself with the socio-economic challenges and opportunities that form the context of the profession. Design is no longer an exclusive luxury only afforded to the wealthy.

These new roles demand that design professionals adopt a new method of thinking, a new method of building – one that places critical thinking and contextual comprehension at the forefront of the design agenda. Naturally, this requires our topical architect to diversify their traditional scope of responsibility to gain an understanding of the social, economic and political factors surrounding the context of any given project.

While globalization is often considered a pejorative term, the technologies of today have the potential to raise awareness amongst the global population. In a world of ever-increasing speed of information flow, the global community is better equipped than ever to address the socio-economic issues that plague many parts of the world. Now, international disconnect is virtually negligible and we may now think of ourselves as part of a worldwide community that must work cohesively toward positive change.

287 |

| 288

| 290

MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE STUDIO IN CRITICAL PRACTICE - FALL 2013 291 |