Libia Al Jufrah - Progetto di valorizzazione del dattero MAEDGCS IAO

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Ministero Affari Esteri ISTITUTO AGRONOMICO PER L’OLTREMARE LIBIA “ Miglioramento e valorizzazione della Palma da dattero nelle Oasi di Al Jufra�

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Libia

Titolo

Miglioramento e valorizzazione della palma da dattero nelle Oasi di Al Jufra

Settore

Agricolo e sviluppo rurale

Canale

Bilaterale

Area di realizzazione

Governatorato di Al Jufra Oasi di Sokna, Hun, Waddan, Al Fugha e Zella

ModalitĂ di finanziamento

Dono

Organismo finanziatore

MAE – D.G.C.S.

Organismo esecutore

Istituto Agronomico per l’Oltremare di Firenze

Durata

18 mesi

Decreto di affidamento

D.M.

Ammontare del Finanziamento

Euro 657.337,00

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The Libyan palm germplasm represents a heritage of great agricultural and environmental interest and it is a source of genetic variability useful for breeding other varieties, necessary to overcome the limitations of the cultivation of date palm in Africa. The varietal component also contributes significantly the quality characteristics of date palm products, based on local varieties with strong regional typification and high nutritional value.

Al Jufrah Region

The Shabia of Al Jufrah Region The study area The five most important oasis

From the geological point of view, most part of the area is composed by sandstone and limestone deposits, but the volcanic activity of Tertiary and Quaternary ages created large basalt deposits in the western and in the south-eastern part of the area.

Libya – Geological map of Al Jufrah Region

Libya – Orographic map

Sandy or very sandy soils are predominant in the Waddan and Hun areas, with a transition towards finer textured soils (sandy loam or loamy soils) in the depression of Sokna. The organic matter is always very low and most soils show a poor to very poor structure, except for heavier soils in the surroundings of Sokna.

The region belongs climatically to the pre-desertic belt; even if a certain influence of the Mediterranean Sea can still be noticed byLibya the relatively abundant – Rainfall map winter rains on the surrounding mountains, the rainfall in the lower part of the depression is typically desertic, rarely exceeding 25 mm/year.

In Al Jufrah Region we have less then 25 mm of rain per year Al Jufrah Region - Rainfall map

Libya – Map of the caravans

In the past centuries Al Jufra was the center of the principal communication roads north-south-north east-west-east

Saiedi Libia 1936

1930 - The rules of fruit export

The old mosque in Al Fugha The door of the date storage deposit

The XIX Sura of Quran IAO Wooden Representation

Al Jufrah Region The old town of Al Fugha

Al Jufrah Region The castle of Sokna

Al Jufrah Region The castle of Hun

Al Jufrah Region The ministries

Al Jufrah Region The castle of Waddan

Al Jufrah Region The castle of Waddan

Oasi di Waddam

Al Jufrah Region The oasis of Waddan

Al Jufrah Region The castle of Zellah

Final Class

N. of sampled plantations

N

7

22.4

Integrated farms

P

51

244.6

S

Abandoned plantations

S

1

2.4

D

Not irrigated areas

T

23

282.4

E

New developing areas

N

1

2.3

P

37

97.2

S

2

88

T

11

148.4

P

10

25.5

S

1

5.8

T

17

21.4

P

1

0.5

T

5

15.3

P

3

18.3

S

1

11.3

T

4

8.9

Code

Class Description

Oasis

N

New modern plantation

Waddan

P

Productive modern plantations

T

Hun

Sokna

Al Fugha

Zellah

Total

175

Sampled surface (ha)

994.8

Al Jufra -Sampled plantations by oasis Field Form

Class S Abandoned plantations No productive plantations

Class D Productive plantations Not irrigated areas

Class E New developing areas New modern plantations Irrigated areas

Class P Productive modern plantations Irrigated areas

Class P Productive modern plantations Irrigated areas

Class T Productive plantations Irrigated areas Integrated farms Barley cultivation

Class T Productive plantations Irrigated areas Integrated farms Onion cultivation

The Date Palms Plantations GIS layout

Satellite data Terra ASTER images SPOT 5 XS images Google Earth Coverage Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Geological maps

Class code

Description

Surface (ha) Waddan

Hun

Sokna

Al Fugha

Zellah

Total

N

New modern plantations

742.0

91.9

46.0

0.0

10.4

890.3

P

Productive modern plantations

1588.6

649.4

113.8

0.5

84.4

2436.7

T

Integrated farms

646.2

201.3

873.5

22.6

251.5

1995.1

S

Abandoned plantations

243.0

234.9

214.9

0.2

26.3

719.4

D

Not irrigated areas

353.7

250.9

382.1

0.0

0.0

986.7

E

New developing areas

6886.0

9628.5

14428.4

0.0

0.0

30942.8

10459.5

11056.8

16058.8

23.3

372.7

37971.1

Total

Al Jufra - Date plantations surfaces by class and oasis

Visited Farms in Al-Jufra Oasis (Total n째 38)

The percentages are related to plants collected in each location

Collected plants in Al-Jufra Oasis (Total n째 484) ZELLA 31 6%

WADDAN 163 34%

FUGHA 14 3%

SOKNA 127 26%

HUN 149 31%

Collected varieties in Al-Jufra Oasis (Total n째 484) Tasferit 3%

(N.B. 6%=30 pt.)

Tameg 6%

Zebur 4% Abel 7%

Bamour 2% Berni 5%

Talis 7%

Bestian 8% Deglet 7%

Tagiat 11% Sokeri 4%

Saiedi 6%

Halima 4% Hamria 8%

Saila 3% Omglaib 3%

Noyat Meka 2%

Kathari 9%

Collected plants in Al-Jufra Oasis Collecting homogeneity between different location Zebur Tasferit Tameg Talis Tagiat Sokeri Saila Saiedi Omglaib Noyat Meka Kathari Hamria Halima Deglet Bestian Berni Bamour Abel 0

10

SOKNA

20

HUN

30

WADDAN

40

ZELLA

50

FUGHA

60

ABEL

Frequency

Allele Frequency for locus DM 1

0,600 sokna

0,400

hon

0,200

w addan

0,000

zillah

142

144

146 Alleles

151

158

faqqah

Soil salinity on irrigated soils, is becoming a more and more widespread threat; in the southern part of Waddan oasis as well as in Hun is common to see thin salt crusts on the soil surface, which is reflected in reduced yield for most crops, included date palms.

Racemo di varietĂ locale di dattero

Cv Khadrai

Cv Tagiat

Datteri secchi Sud Libia area tuareg

Salone Internazionale del Gusto Torino 2010

. w w w

y lib

e t a d n a

m o c . s

II year project activities Identification and activation of specific trade channels for high quality dates Organization of business tours for trade operators to Libya Investigations in Italy and implementing a small genetic laboratory in Libya Study of the mechanization of activities related to the cultivation and processing of dates Implementing a processing unit in Libya Creation of a technical guide for mechanization, processing, packaging, storage ect.

Production of brochures, publications, manuals Organization of the web site www.libyandates.com

Thank youGG for your attention

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