ADDA_MA's_Book by ignacio_arciniegas_n

adda

ignacio arciniegas noguera - master in advanced design and digital architecture

BIODELAB / CODELAB RESEARCH

introduction EMERGENCE by IGNACIO ARCINIEGAS N “Keller and Seagel saw it in the slime mold assemblages; Jane Jacobs saw it in the formations of city neighbourhoods; Marvin Minsky in the distributed networks of the human brain.” (Emergence, Stive Jhonson) Why the natural systems are so wise? What makes this sys tem so sophisticated? Are they as complex as we think? Are we (the humans) designing part of those patterns without knowing it? In a discussion regarding “Emergence”, all of these questions are common; in fact they are not totally answered yet. The discussion about complex self-organized systems in the world is now on course. No one can say that is a completely understood topic, but we can say that we are starting to understand it. The possibility of know how many net systems are in the tance. According to Stive Jhonson: “They are bottom-up systems not top-down. They get their smarts from below”… “They are complex adaptive systems that display emergent behaviour“…The movement from low rules to higher-rules sophisti-

cation is what we call emergence.” During the study of the natural phenomenon it a little, it is important to begin to understand of possibilities that you will be faced, each par must begin to give you clues to untangle and

knowledge that start to create in yourself a ne the nature, and the human creations, as these als

provide. What happen if you set up a number of simple ru of elements according to real facts or environm teristics, what will be the result?, At the beginn can be totally unexpected, surprising, or even u all but when one of us try, in a systematic way, to this result at least the origin of just one behaviour also to grasp a real intelligent self-organized sys

Such as plants or animal systems needed many yea to achieve really extraordinary skills to protect the the humans will spend, a good portion of time tr ehend the rules that makes them so wise, and acc Anyone who, in some moment had the oppor its events that happen in front of our eyes, such as a

To Gerardo, Mariela & Alejandra, for being there always.

“Emergence” Academic article. Author:Ignacio Arciniegas N.

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a tower of mud

adda ADDA

ELISAVA Barcelona School of Design and Engineering MASTER IN ADVANCED DESIGN AND DIGITAL ARCHITECTURE

BioDesign Laboratory ComputationalDesign Laboratory MA thesisBook

IGNACIO ARCINIEGAS NOGUERA ignaceutico@gmail.com

addaDirector JORDI TRUCO

Architect. Barcelona School of Architecture (ETSAB). MArch in Emergent Technologies and Design at the Architectural Association of London HYBRIDa partner Lecturer at: International University of Catalonia ELISAVA school of design Pratt School of Architecture in New York Manager at the SIMAE, the International Emerging Architecture Symposium

addaStaff

Architect/GORKA

DE LECEA BILURBINA Doctor of Design Harvard Design School /PAU DE SOLA-MORALES Architect-MA Digital Arts/MARCEL

addaLecturers JORDI TRUCO/HYBRIDa MIKE WEINSTOCK/Architectural Association UK ARCHIM MENGES/ICD Sttutgart SYLVIA FELIPE/HYBRIDa SERGI VALVERDE/ PhD in Applied Physics ANNA ESCODA/General Manager CETEMMSA MIREIA FERRATE/Architect and Philosopher JOAN GUASCH/ ASCAMM Foundation Director FERRAN VIZOSO/Architect JAVIER PEĂ&#x2018;A/ PhD in Intelligent Materials PAU DE SOLA-MORALES/ Doctor of Design Harvard Design School

acknowledgments JORDI TRUCO

grid-shell

FAMILY 4 nVERTICAL and pushing PRESSURE d the amount rt, each space propose next

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globalcontents forces Introduction

Part One BioDesign Laboratory Case Study Frei Otto’s - Multihalle Mannheim Material Intelligence Performative Proliferation Form Finding Geometry of Natural Patterns Integral Envelopes

Part Two ComputationalDesign Laboratory Genetic Versus Generative Design And Cumputation Design Studio Data Scapes Thesis Project Elisava’s Occupation Analysis Elisava’s Courtyard Proposal

ars of evolution em as a group, rying to compcurate. rtunity to see

a tower of mud Img_Plans and Photographs of each grid state.

families proliferation introduction introduction

C cation is what we call emergence.” cation is what we call emergence.” study of the natural phenomenon During the study of theDuring naturalthe phenomenon and pushing C little, to it is important the to begin to understand it a little, it is important it toabegin understand amount to 1 / saw B1 toitA6 of possibilities that part, you will faced, each par “Keller and Seagel saw it in the slime assemblages; possibilitiesJane that you will be faced, each eachbespace “Keller and A1 Seagel in the slime mold assemblages; Jane moldof C1 to B6 toJacobs C6 must to begin to giveand youpropose clues tonext untangle and saw it in the formations Marof city neighbourhoods; must begin to Margive you clues untangle Jacobs saw it in the/ D1 formations of city neighbourhoods; D6distributed / F1 to vin E6 Minsky in the distributed networks of the human brain.” vin Minsky E1 in to the networks of the human brain.” (Emergence, Stive Jhonson) that start to create yourself a ne (Emergence, Stive Jhonson) knowledge that start to knowledge create in yourself a new way toinsee the nature, and the human creations, the nature, and the human creations, as these also were made as these als natural systems sosys wise? Why the natural systemsWhy are the so wise? What makesare this - What makes this sys tem so as sophisticated? Arethink? they as complex as we think? Are provide. tem so sophisticated? Are they complex as we Are provide. happen you set up ainnumber we (the part of thoseWhat patterns without happen if you set upWhat a number of if simple rules a groupof simple ru we (the humans) designing part humans) of those designing patterns without elements to realcharacfacts or environm knowing it? of elements according toofreal facts oraccording environmental knowing it? what be the result?, At the beginn a discussion all regarding of these what questions will be theteristics, result?, At thewill beginning the result In a discussion regarding In “Emergence”, of these“Emergence”, questions allteristics, cansurprising, be totallyor unexpected, u are common; in fact they are totally can answered yet.unexpected, The be totally even un notsurprising, clear at or even C are common; in fact they are not totally answered yet.not The FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 about TO 5systems discussion complex systems in theone world when oneway, of ustotry, in a systematic way, to discussion about complex self-organized inself-organized the world all but when of us try,allinbut a systematic extract from nowsay onthat course. No one can undersay that is athis completely underthisofresult at least the origin of just one behaviour is now on course. No oneiscan is a completely result at least the origin just one behaviour we can begin stood but we cantosay that we are starting tograsp understand also to grasp a real intelligent stood topic, but we can say thattopic, we are starting understand also to a real intelligent self-organized system. self-organized sys it. how The possibility of know are howinmany it. The possibility of know many net systems the net systems are in the Such asneeded plants or animal systems needed many yea Such as plants or animal systems many years of evolution tance. to achieve really extraordinary to protect the tance. to achieve really extraordinary skills to protect them as a skills group, humans a good portion of time tr the humans will spend, a the good portionwill of spend, time trying to compAccording Stive Jhonson:systems “They are bottom-up systems According to Stive Jhonson: “Theytoare bottom-up ehend makes them so wise, and acc ehend the rules that makes themthe so rules wise, that and accurate. top-down. Theybelow”… get their“They smarts from below”… Anyone had who,the in opportunity some moment not top-down. They getnot their smarts from Anyone who, “They in some moment to had see the oppor are complex adaptive systemsbehavthat display emergent behavits are complex adaptive systems that display emergent its iour“…The from sophistilow rules to higher-rules events that happen in front of of ourmud eyes, such as a iour“…The movement from low rulesmovement to higher-rules events thatsophistihappen in front of our eyes, such as a tower EMERGENCE EMERGENCE FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 by IGNACIO ARCINIEGAS by N IGNACIO ARCINIEGAS N

“Emergence” article. Author:Ignacio Arciniegas N. “Emergence” Academic article. Author:Ignacio Arciniegas N. Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to joinAcademic Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES made by the termites, a line made of ants carrying leaves in n and pushing their way to some place, or a big plant totally unrolled showCONNECTION 1 CONNECTION 2 d the amount ing us its colours, had also the chance to see the event that rt, each space propose next rules that all of this creatures were following. The importance of know what is happening during this moew way to see ments is the most valuable aspect of the natural patterns as so were made a emergence system, and the imitation (no copy) or the reinterpretation of this behaviours is the central point that we are studying. ules in a group mental characthe moment when we are starting to understand the system, ning the result un not clearchanges at 3 that we want to provoke in our own created structure, CONNECTION CONNECTION 4 o extract from is when we are producing an emergence system that, as a conr we can begin stem. able desire.

ars of evolution The nature wisdom and the human intelligence, are here in em as a group, the same path, they have the same target in this kind of concepts, the union between the natural events and the matherying to compmatical approximation to them by the humans are unfailingly curate. rtunity to see together; the study of the natural patterns, helped by a com-

a tower of mud towards the invaluable earth teachings. Imgs_Models Top andImg_Peacockâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Elevations feathers pattern

families case studyproliferation introduction

MULTIHALLE MANNHEIM

EMERGENCE 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 LOCATION:FAMILY MANNHEIM, GERMANY by IGNACIO ARCINIEGAS N CONSTRUCTION YEAR: 1975 MUTSCHLER & PARTNERS ARCHITECTS, FREI OTTO A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 “Keller and Seagel saw it in the slime mold assemblages; Jane C1 to B6 / D1 toJacobs C6 saw it in the formations of city neighbourhoods; MarE1 to D6 / F1 to vin E6 Minsky in the distributed networks of the human brain.” (Emergence, Stive Jhonson) Why the natural systems are so wise? What makes this sys tem so sophisticated? Are they as complex as we think? Are we (the humans) designing part of those patterns without knowing it? In a discussion regarding “Emergence”, all of these questions are common; in fact they are not totally answered yet. The FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 about TO 5 complex self-organized systems in the world discussion is now on course. No one can say that is a completely understood topic, but we can say that we are starting to understand it. The possibility of know how many net systems are in the tance. According to Stive Jhonson: “They are bottom-up systems not top-down. They get their smarts from below”… “They are complex adaptive systems that display emergent behaviour“…The movement from low rules to higher-rules sophisti-

“Emergence” to joinAcademic article. Author:Ignacio Arciniegas N. Img_Indoor View Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

C cation is what we call emergence.” During the study of the natural phenomenon C it a little, it is important to begin to understand of possibilities that you will be faced, each par must begin to give you clues to untangle and

knowledge that start to create in yourself a ne the nature, and the human creations, as these als

provide. What happen if you set up a number of simple ru of elements according to real facts or environm teristics, what will be the result?, At the beginn can be totally unexpected, surprising, or even C u all but when one of us try, in a systematic way, to this result at least the origin of just one behaviour also to grasp a real intelligent self-organized sys

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CONNECTION FREITYPOLOGIES OTTO n and pushing CONNECTION 1 CONNECTION 2 d the amount A German architect and a structural engineer, born on the rt, each space 31st of May .1925. Otto studied architecture at the Berlin propose next Institute of Technology and during the Second World War, he joined the air force. ew way to see With an aviation engineer training and the need of housing so were made during that time, Otto started to work with tents. In 1954, Otto Earned a doctorate in tension construction on lightweight tensile and membrane structure and emerged as ules in a group mental characning the result un not clear at 3 CONNECTION CONNECTION 4 tensile shapes. As the scale of his projects increased, he o extract from pioneered a computer-based procedure for determining r we can begin their shape and behavior. He often created pavilions comstem. posed of primary membrane elements in an additive series. He also developed a convertible roof with variable geomars of evolution etries. Since the early 70`s, Otto has studied and explored em as a group, biological structures and researched extensively into the rying to compcatenaries and grid shell structures. His major works incurate. clude the West German Pavilion at the Montreal Expo in rtunity to see 1967 and the roof of the 1972 Munich Olympic Arena, ina tower of mud spired by the work of Vladimir Shukhovs. Imgs_Models Top andImg_Frei Elevations Otto

families case studyproliferation MULTIHALLE MANNHEIM FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 Mannheim Multihalle was constructed in Mannheim, Germany for the Federal Garden Exhibition in 1975, to be part of the A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 Rural City exhibition held in Mannheim that year. A wide-spanned structure interlocking in a grid geometry loaded by comC1 to B6 / D1 to C6 pression was proposed by Frei Otto using physical models. An interesting feature of the Multihalle is the unobstructed open E1 to D6 / F1 to E6 space in relation to the widely spanned roof. This is due to the construction process of the pavilion, which was based on the methodology of a Grid shell structure that allowed for a maximum use of the space as it depends on edge compression covered passageway. The grid was made out of a double wooden laths mesh of (5x5 cm), covered by a polyester membrane; covering an area of 7400 m2 with maximum spans of up to 60m in height. The weight is an approximate of 14 kg perm2. The building was proposed to exisit as a temporary structure and therefore did not meet the normal load - bearing and building standards. However, its standing till today and recently has been declared as a monumental building. In the drawing bellow we can see the elevation of the building. FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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CONNECTION 1 TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

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GRIDSHELL The lattice shell describes a double curved surface formed from a lattice of timber laths bolted together at uniform lattice has a degree of freedom. If it is formed out of joint which are frictionless, movement of the parallel laths would provoke all squares to become similar parallelograms. Lines distributed between the nodes as the diagonals, would This is the property that allows the lattice to be formed into a double-curved shape of the shell. Important thing is to understand that the load distribution in a grid shell has controlled paths, directions instead of a regular shell where the number of the directions of load distribution is unlimited. When the lattice has been curved into a desired bending of the laths and with no loads applied so it would be such that the strain energy is minimized. In this condition the lattice shell resist points loads by bending of the laths. This is accompanied by large movements of the shell and changes in the angles between the laths.

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CONNECTION the membranes. The studies that Otto`s did where mainly The TYPOLOGIES loads on a shell can be divided into funicular loads about which produce only direct forces in the laths, and disturbCONNECTION 1 CONNECTION 2 form and shape, but also involved architectural basic needs, as space function and natural lighting. ing loads which produce bending moments and large dedisturbing loads decrease. At a critical funicular load there from the funicular shape causes collapse. FORMFINDING PROCESS

but had an interest in catenaries and Grid-shell structures. CONNECTION 3 CONNECTION 4 els. He developed a catalog with several forms and shapes that a Grid-shell can take when hanged as a catenary. Just behavior of the found forms. Otto`s models had a rigid elevated perimeter from which he hanged the Grids he fabricated. After creating the right curvature depending on gravity forces and material behavture joints small loads that would represent actual and real weight of the materials proposed to build the structure and Imgs_Models Top andImg_Ottoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ElevationsImage Catalogue

families case studyproliferation FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 the preliminary deIn the project of Multihalle Mannheim which were developed during a period of a year that highA1of toissues 1 / B1 to A6 lighted a lot regarding materials and structural be-

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C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6 a hanging chain-net model.

fying the edge and the length of the suspended chain net, and when this shape is inverted the result is a surface structure which is in compression under dead load. This was a work of Multiscler &amp; Partners and the Atelier Warmbronn. FAMILY 2 - JOINING The calculations outdrawn from1 TO the5scaled model were considered only roughly. The wire model was measured as We have to consider the fact that at that time, computers were neither advanced nor accessible as they are today, so all of the calculations were done by manually. Any form (curved or leveled) can be created with a net surface, but with an equal-meshed net only if it is quadrangular, rectangular or hexagonal. Variability is possible because

Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Img_Grid Shell Model Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

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CONNECTION the TYPOLOGIES individual meshes can change their angles. Because of THE CALCULATION PROCEDURE these deformations in the process, it was neces CONNECTION 1 CONNECTION 2 sary to lay out certain parts of the net so that some assumed Once the process of collecting the data was over, the actual a quadrangular form but most become rhombic forms as and more precise calculations of the suspended nets could shown in the picture in the lower right corner. start. The input for the programming system included: However, this procedure does not provide the possibility to determine the beforehand mesh angle, which will develop later in the spatial state. Before starting to tie the net, a decision had to be made of in which direction the net was to be laid.

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• The instructions for the lying the knots • • The approximate coordinates of all inner knots with the possibility of maintaining the best possible mod el geometry by weighting these coordinates • The estimated value of the force-lenght relation ship (force densities) of the rod elements • CONNECTION 4The attempted regulation force density values with weighting in order • As a result of each computation step the following data were available on the suspended form under dead weight: • Coordinates of all junctions • Lenghts and forces of all rod elements • All additional data such as mesh angles, areas, etc.

Imgs_Models Top andImgs_Otto’s Elevations Model Attempts

families case studyproliferation FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES 3 STRUCTURAL DETAILS CONNECTION 1 CONNECTION 2 The construction of Multihalle Mannheim project was not easy. The whole structure is made of 34.000 joints that connect 72km of laths. By realising or creating more tension on the joints it is possible to control the shape but also allow it to take itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s most natural form. Bolts passe through four layers wood, two of the layers has holes normal round, and other two holes slotted. The latter allow movement between the layers relative during assembly while allowing the bolt turning on the node.

1 CONNECTION 3

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Imgs_Models Top andImg1_Knot ElevationsDetail Img2_Knot Lateral View Img3_Knot Real Photography

families case studyproliferation BOUNDARY DETAILS FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 The external boundaries originally intended by professor A1 to 1supported / B1 to A6 on columns using cable boundOtto Frei were C1 to B6 to C6 aries. Problem that/ D1 engineers found was the fact that the E1 to D6 / F1 to remainder of the cablesE6were badly conditioned because spans varied widely along a run of cables as did the load conditions. In some areas the gridshell twisted around the system line by as much as 10 20 degrees. At this point it was decided that this type of boundary control is impractical in some parts, and where the conditions were fulfilled this cable boundaries were used for example in part of the restaurant shell boundary. FAMILY 2 - JOINING 2 1 TO 5

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES ASSEMBLY PROCESS joints were fixed. The original idea of laying out the rods horizontally and then lifting the whole net with the help CONNECTION 1 CONNECTION 2 The Gridshell was assembled on the ground and very careof several cranes and then bring it into itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s final form and fully it was put it in place. Due its dimensions, this process screw it together was given up. was quite long and a lot of scaffolding was needed. The other important fact about its size was the stiffness of The structure which in became more complex during the the entire structure; Ottoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s team designed it composed by time by introducing another layer, knots that had to carehundreds of small triangular cells to give the whole strucfully prestressed, addition of sliding connectors and diagture the strength needed. Obviously there were parts that onal cables elimination of greater deviations of the form needed and extra structural reinforcement. It was built by did not allow the process to develop as they predicted. The extending the laths on the ground, connecting them to a engineers were also charged with the planning, calculation, square mesh but not yet blocking the bolts. The mesh was and supervision of the assembly procedures. then slowly pushed up with the help of scaffolding towers lifted CONNECTION 3 by forklift trucks. CONNECTION 4 The synclastic double curvature of the initially plain mesh could be obtained by bending the laths and by turning the connections between them, transforming the square mesh to a rhomboid mesh. Once the final position of the grid was reached, the bolts were blocked and the boundaries were fixed. For satisfactory buckling safety, a diagonal cable-net was introduced, and finally the structure was covered with a membrane. The lattice was assembled on temporary supports( towers) above the ground which were later removed once the Imgs_Models Top andImg_Assembly Elevations Process

families case studyproliferation FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

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CONCLUSIONS More economic form of construction for spans with simpler boundaries. Not only is a structure relatively easy to erect but it enables almost any planes to be simply covered. All lightweight grid shells are capable of spanning wide areas. Mannheim shell is of wide span, in a manifold sense. T he formal variability is possible because the individual meshes can change their angles. That is why it was possible to spread the quadrangular net of the dome-curve shell on an area. In the Mannheim was necessary to lay out certain parts of the net so that some assumed a quadrangular form but most become rhombic forms. During the Structure Calculations the break-free course of the â&#x20AC;&#x153;rodsâ&#x20AC;?, especially in the edge regions was an essential criterion. Where breaks did occur, they were eliminated by automatically displacing the edge point or by intentionally changing the lengths of the rods. The shape of the shell was established by photogrammetric measurement of a hanging chain model and is funicular.

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES By making the joints rigid so that shear forces are carried by bending moments around the element ring. CONNECTION 1 CONNECTION 2 By adding rigid cross ties of cross sectional area considerably less than the laths. By adding a rigid cross bracing of equal area of the laths. The lattice shell system can be thought of a construction technique which is related to the form finding process of using hanging chain nets. The structure stiffness was added whit double layer shells, is added by tightening the node bolts so that the two layers act compositely and by installing the ties. The adjusting of the grid in its final position was made before the edges and knot points were fixed by bracing from the 3below with â&#x20AC;&#x153;airsupportsâ&#x20AC;?, to eliminate sagging of the CONNECTION CONNECTION 4 grid between the scaffolding towers. The revolutionary concept was seeking the form an originally orthogonal cross work, starting from a selected edge, which however, is subject, to changes in the design, in which under equal perpendicular load on the rods only pressure forces are produced. In this case a formation process stared in an special manner and not in an arbitrary one. The consequence of thinking is form. Form and structure become identical.

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PERFORMATIVE PROLIFERATION

families proliferation FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIESPROLIFERATION PERFORMATIVE by JORDI TRUCO CONNECTION 1

Especially Frei Otto has pioneered methods of Form-Finding. CONNECTION 2 that has been investigated as design techniques which turn the processes of self organization of material systems under When a given material is subjected to external forces, it tends

example, the development of some form is interrelated with the stresses acting on the geometry and the material properties thereof. change when these are subjected to tensile, compressive or Thus, the shape of these structures can be found in the state shear. of equilibrium between the internal and external forces resisDuring the twentieth century, numerous studies have been tors (Menges, 2006). developed for compression instrumentalize these materials Through the process of Form-Finding, shapes and qualities in the production processes of living spaces. A number of deare not “designed”, but rather are discovered within the masigners, architects and engineers among them Otto Frei, Pierterial luigi Nervi, Felix Candela, Antonio Gaudi, Miguel Fisac, Sergio CONNECTION 3 CONNECTION 4 processes. Qualities of strength, for example, are achieved through geMusmeci are committed to the development of alternative ometry and not through the addition of substantial material. strategies informed by substantive criteria. The Multihall Scanning for the Form-Finding strategies designers can purMannheim or the Olympic Stadium in Munich developed by sue peak performance of these structures through a minimal Otto, the showroom in Turin and Aula Paolo VI of Nervi, the power consumption. addition, can simultaneously search the Sagrada Familia or the bridge over Rio de Basento Musmeci same area the architectural qualities, structural , per training and environmental. architectural design. The constant interaction between the designer, the art processes and building such projects gave the exceptional richness of the “intelligence material”.

The study of “intelligence material”, and its integration into the development of new strategies for design involves a look at multiple topics.

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proliferation families proliferation FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 Among these, research of the interrelationships linking the way, the behavior and properties of materials and the forces A1 tois 1a / B1 to A6 Moreover, the ability of a material acting on these priority. C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

tion where available. Such properties, intensive and extensive, characterize the various behaviors and these, when analyzed and abstracted criteria can serve as a guide to inform the design process. Thus leading to a design method of empirically based on observation rather than subjectivity of an idea. tiate and separate systems and subsystems mono-functional 2 - JOINING 1 TOstructural 5 hierarchicalFAMILY orders, such as a primary system, skin as a secondary system that works like climate threshold, a terate a multifunctional material system using design processes based on experimentation. Through research strategies and instrumentalization of natural systems, the study will explore alternative ways to integrate multiple features and functions in a system by processparametric materials. And skin structure that are at the same

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time. The development of these systems was based on start assembly with other components. Through a process of a differentiation process, established by the manipulation and aggregation of variables, the original component will be displayed or proliferated to a system much more complex comner Allometric.

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characteristics, density, etc.. in one system, try also the ability of the system to receive and distribute irregularly shaped spiration.The porosity and structural capabilities will be used

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES COMMON STRATEGY COMPONENT CONNECTION 1 1. CUT

COMMON AIM CONNECTION 2 3. JOIN PARTS SKIN

STRUCTURE

CONNECTION 3 2. BEND

CONNECTION 4 4. RULE TO CONNECT THE COMPONENTS PATTERN

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workshop families proliferation FIRST TRIALS - GENOTYPE DEFINITION FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 TYPE 1

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1 3 TYPE

CONNECTION 2 TYPE POTENTIAL PROLIFERATION 3RD

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GENOTYPE GENERATION FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

OPEN EDGES FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES GENOTYPE VARIATIONS CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

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families proliferation proliferation genotype EXPLORING PHENOTYPES FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 TRIAL 1

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES JOINING TRIALS CONNECTION 1 1

GENOTYPE GEOMETRY MODEL CONNECTION 2 2

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Imgs_Models Top andImg1_Workshop Elevations Models Img2_Rhino Model.

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IMAGE CATALOGUE FAMILY 1 -CHOSEN JOININGFAMILIES 1 TO 1 FAMILY 1 A1 to 1 / B1 to A6

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES JOINING POSIBILITIES FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

A1 to B4 / B1 to C4 C1 to D4 / E1 to F2 D1 to E4

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

A2 to B6 / B2 to C6 C2 to D6 / D2 to E6 E2 to F4

Imgs_Models Top andPlans_ Elevations Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

families proliferation families proliferation FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 JOINING POSIBILITIES FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 A3 to B7 / B3C1 to to C7B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to C3 to D7 / D3 to E7D6 / F1 to E6 E3 to F5

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5 A4 to B8 / B4 to C8 C4 to D8 / D4 to E8 E4 to F7

Explanatory Plans_ ExplanatoryPlans_ Drawnings to join Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Imgs_Models Top and ElevationsTop and Elevations

connection families

proliferationproliferation

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES JOINING POSIBILITIES FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 1 CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

A1 to 1 / B1 to A4 C1 to B4 / D1 to C4 E1 to D4 / F1 to E4

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

A1 to 1 / B1 to A5 C1 to B4 / D1 to C4 E1 to D4 / F1 to E4

Imgs_Models Top andPlans_ Elevations Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

families proliferation families proliferation 1 -1JOINING 1 TO 1 FAMILY 1 -FAMILY JOINING TO 1

C C

A1A6 to 1 / B1 to A6 A1 to 1 / B1 to C1 to B6 / D1C1 toto C6B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1E1 to to E6D6 / F1 to E6

2 -1JOINING 1 TO 5 FAMILY 2 -FAMILY JOINING TO 5

Explanatory Plans_ ExplanatoryPlans_ Drawnings to join Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Imgs_Models Top and ElevationsTop and Elevations

connection connection

proliferation proliferation

CONNECTION CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1 CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2 CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION CONNECTION 3 3

CONNECTION 4 CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImgs_Models Elevations Top and Elevations

connection families proliferation proliferation CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES FAMILIES FAMILY 1 - JOININGCONNECTING 1 TO 1 CONNECTION 5

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

(joining through gradiation)

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Imgs_Final Protoype Photographs Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

proliferation proliferation

connection

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES FINAL PROTOTYPE FABRICATION CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImgs_Final ElevationsModel Process

families proliferationproliferation FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Final Protoype Photographs Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection final prototype

proliferation proliferation

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImgs_Final ElevationsModel Photographs

FORM FINDING GRID-SHELL

grid-shell families proliferation DEFINITION FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 A gridshell is a structure which derives its strength from its A1 to 1 / (in B1 to A6 same way that a fabric structure double curvature the C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 derives strength from double curvature), but is constructE1 to D6 / F1 to E6 ed of a grid or lattice.

C C

The grid can be made of any material, but is most often wood (similar to garden trellis) or steel. Gridshells were pioneered in the 1896 by Russian engineer Vladimir Shukhov in constructions of exhibition pavilions of the All-Russia industrial and art exhibition 1896 in Nizhny Novgorod. FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5 Large span timber gridshells are commonly constructed by initially laying out the main lath members flat in a regular square or rectangular lattice, and subsequently deforming this into the desired doubly curved form. This can be achieved by pushing the members up from the ground, as in the Mannheim Multihalle.[2] More recent projects such as the Savill Garden gridshell were constructed by laying the laths on top of a sizeable temporary scaffolding structure which is removed in phases to let the laths settle into the desired curvature.

Img_Models Photographs Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

theconnection grid surface

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES GRID BEHAVIOUR NORMAL POSITION CONNECTION 1

FIRST DEFORMATION CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Points Elevationsof movement -Plans / Models Photographs

families proliferation grid-shell the grid surface SECOND DEFORMATION FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

FIRST DEF.

SECOND DEF.

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Points of movement / Models Photographs Plans_ -Plans Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

proliferation

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES ACTING FORCES CONNECTION 1 GEOMETRICAL CONFIGURATION

CONNECTION 3

connection grid-shell

CONNECTION 2 GLOBAL FORCES

LOCAL FORCES

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

families geometrical proliferationconfiguration grid-shell EXPLORING THE GRID STRUCTURE FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 1

C C

FIRST AXE A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 PLAN VIEW C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

SECOND AXE PLAN VIEW

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5 2

Img1_Plan View/Prototype Photographs Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Img2_Plan View/Prototype Photographs Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection grid-shell

proliferation geometrical configuration

CONNECTION 3 TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg3_Plan ElevationsViews / Prototype Photographs Img4_Plan Views / Prototype Photographs

families geometrical proliferationconfiguration grid-shell 5

FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5 6

Img5_Plan View/Prototype Photographs Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Img6_Plan View/Prototype Photographs Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION THETYPOLOGIES SUBJECT RESEARCH CONNECTION 1 HOMOGENIC GRID

connection global forces CONNECTION 2

MATERIALS: 1.2mm Black Sheet of Polypropylene 3mm Screws 4mm Bolts 17 Stripes (1.5cmX76.5cm) + 13 Stripes (1.5cmX58.5cm) Holes every 1.5 cm

Joints CONNECTION 3 every 1.5cm

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Grid Elevations Model

global families forces proliferation grid-shell FAMILY 1 FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 ALIGNED HORIZONTAL PRESSURE

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

proliferation grid-shell

connection global forces

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES ALIGNED HORIZONTAL PRESSURE CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Plans Elevations and Photographs of each grid state.

families proliferation global forces grid-shell ALIGNED HORIZONTAL PRESSURE FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Plans and Photographs of each grid state. to join Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

proliferation grid-shell

connection global forces

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES FAMILY 2 ANGLED HORIZONTAL PRESSURE CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Plans Elevations and Photographs of each grid state.

global families forces proliferation grid-shell CREATING FAMILY 3 FAMILY NEW GRID STATES 1 TO 1 1 - JOINING CENTERED HORIZONTAL PRESSURE

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Plans and Photographs of each grid state. to join Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

proliferation grid-shell

connection global forces

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES FAMILY 4 VERTICAL PRESSURE CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Plans Elevations and Photographs of each grid state.

families proliferation local forces grid-shell CURVATURE CONTROL FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 LATERAL JOINTS

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Prototype

Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection local forces

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES EXPLORING THE DEFORMATION CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

SELECTED FAMILIES

Imgs_Models Top andImgTop_One Elevations to one Stripe deformation study. ImgBottom_Selected types of deformation.

families proliferation local forces grid-shell EXPLORING PHENOTYPES FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 FAMILY 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Photo/Diagrams System deformation capacity Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection local forces

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES FAMILY 2 CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

FAMILY 3 CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Photo/Diagrams Elevations System deformation capacity

local families forces proliferation grid-shell FAMILY 4 FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Photo/Diagrams System deformation capacity Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection local forces

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES APPLYING CONSTANT DEFORMATION (ONE STRIPE) MEASUREMENT STRATEGY (EVERY STATE) CONNECTION 1 CONNECTION 2 Top view

Front View

CONNECTION 3

Outer Dimensions

Inner Dimensions

Angular Dimensions

CONNECTION 4

Side View

Imgs_Models Top andImgLeft_Inital Elevations Grid State Photographs ImgRight_Initial Grid Plans (Plans to compare with)

families proliferation local forces grid-shell FAMILY 1-TENSION LENGHT FAMILY 1 STRIPE - JOINING 1 TO 1& POSITION 1 TOP VIEW

C C

A1 to 11/ B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

SIDE VIEW

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5 FRONT VIEW

Img_Plans System deformation capacity Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Img1_Initial Grid State Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection local forces

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

FAMILY 2- TENSION STRIPE LENGHT & POSITION 2 CONNECTION 2 TOP VIEW

SIDE VIEW

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

FRONT VIEW

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Plans Elevations System deformation capacity Img_1Initial Grid State

local families forces proliferation grid-shell DATA DEFORMATION ANALYSIS FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 FAMILY 1- PARTIAL MEASUREMENTS

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Dimension Difference Chart. Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection local forces

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_ Elevations Dimension Difference Chart.

local families forces proliferation grid-shell FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Dimension Difference Chart. Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection local forces

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES FINAL MESEAUREMENTS ANALYSIS CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_ Elevations Dimension Difference Chart.

local families forces proliferation grid-shell DATA DEFORMATION ANALYSIS FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 FAMILY 2- PARTIAL MEASUREMENTS

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Dimension Difference Chart. Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection local forces

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

FINAL MESEAUREMENTS ANALYSIS CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_ Elevations Dimension Difference Chart.

prototypes grid-shell prototypes grid-shell

Img_SIngle Grid Prototype Img_SIngle Grid Prototype

Imgs_Final Protoype Photograph Img_

families proliferationgrid-shell final prototype FINAL PROTOTYPE FAMILY 1 FABRICATION - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Final Prototypeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Fabrication/Assembly Process Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection final prototype

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImgs_Fabrication Elevations Process- Deforming the Grid

families proliferationgrid-shell final prototype FABRICATION PROCESS FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 Combining the documented curves in a grid surface

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Final Prototypeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Fabrication/Assembly Process Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection final prototype

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImgs_Fabrication Elevations Process- Deforming the Grid

families proliferationgrid-shell final prototype FINAL PROTOTYPE FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

TENSION FORCES DIAGRAM

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_Top View -Final Prototype Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection final prototype

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Perspective-Final Elevations Prototype

families proliferation world of materials FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 MATERIALS By IGNACIO ARCINIEGAS N A1 based to 1 / B1on to Nuria A6 Critical essay Coll’s Master Lecture. C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5 The architecture and the materials with which it develops, must always go together, it is impossible to think that the als obstacles rather than solutions. Since the beginning of time the human seeking refuge uses natural areas that will safeguard the open air temperature variables. And after many years the slogan of course does not change, although becoming one of the most important in any decision about a design or construction.

Plans_(Chart Explanatory Drawnings joinPDF File) Img_Materials Division” Extracted of Nuria to Coll’s Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

ESSAY

ESSA ESE

C Today the number of options available to us is surprising,solve, solve, imita solv im not only because the historical materials are increasinglyacteristics acterist acte C being developed to make the most of their best properties,been been devel bee de but by that science and technology advance dramatically. proving proving prov the skills skills etc. skills et “Nanotechnology has been called the next Technological revolution it is said to Provide groundbreaking solutionsManMan is Man surr is to serious problems The Most That Threaten Our Future”onlyonly now only nob (Nuria Coll’s, Lecture) great great archi grea ar patterns pattern patt an we can we seec -we can theand the na terials such as The Adaptatives” end result in the successfulandand began that be manipulation of the elements which compound these kindsthatthat world stag wor s of materials and creating one component, with uniqueworld C to build to build tothe b characteristics desired for a particular target. These These are Thes a contain, others resume their initial shape after impact,metics” metics” met ter materials with photovoltaic cells embedded in its fabric al-thethe study the stud o lowing light collection to keep for instance your Ipod on,tems tems astem mo as etc. All these are examples of the level of sophistication toandand machin and ma which human beings are coming day by day. As human As hum As h However, after to know this amount of technological de-vides vides hum vide h velopments, is also necessary to mention the trend alreadytasks tasks istask asis established and stronger each day of use of that science tonewnew profes new pro

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ESSAY ESSAY ESSAY ESSAYproliferation

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES solve, solve, imitate solve, imitate solve, imitate or learn imitate or learn ornatural learn or natural learn natural behaviours natural behaviours behaviours behaviours andand natural and natural and natural charnatural charcharhelp charhelp the help the architecture help the architecture the architecture architecture notnot only not only asnot only the as only the study as the study asdesign the study design study design in terms in design terms in terms in terms acteristics acteristics acteristics with acteristics with which with which with animals, which animals, which animals, plants, animals, plants, plants, and plants, and all and nature all and nature all nature have all nature have have of have harmony of harmony of harmony of and harmony and compositional and compositional and compositional compositional aesthetics aesthetics aesthetics but aesthetics but also but also see but also see it as also see it as see it asit as CONNECTION 1 CONNECTION 2 been been developing been developing been developing developing after after thousands after thousands after thousands thousands of years of years ofofyears of evolution, ofyears evolution, of evolution, of imevolution, im- im- improving proving proving their proving their refuge their refuge their refuge spaces, refuge spaces, spaces, growing spaces, growing growing processes, growing processes, processes, processes, hunting hunting hunting hunting - - - skills skills etc. skills etc. skills etc. etc. gets. gets. gets.gets.

ManMan is Man surrounded is Man surrounded is surrounded is surrounded by living by living byand living byand non-living living and non-living and non-living creatures non-living creatures creatures that creatures thatthatthat onlyonly now only now beginning only now beginning now beginning beginning to be to be intense to intense be to intense be study, intense study, although study, although study, although many although many many many great great architects great architects great architects or architects engineers or engineers or engineers or spent engineers spent his spent his life spent life his studying life studying his life studying these studying these these these patterns patterns patterns and patterns and many and many of and many them ofmany them ofcame them of came them true came true that came true that intrue buildings that in buildings that in buildings inthat buildings thatthatthat we can we can we seecan see we nowadays, can see nowadays, see nowadays, nowadays, is true is true also is true also is note true also note that also note that morphogenesis note that morphogenesis that morphogenesis morphogenesis andand theand the natural and the natural the natural pattern natural pattern pattern within pattern within within thethe within architecture the architecture the architecture architecture is aisterm a isterm a isterm a term thatthat began that began that began to be to began used be to used be tosince used besince used asince couple a since couple a couple ofa decades couple of decades of decades ofondecades on thethe on the on the world world stage. world stage. world But stage. But stage. how But how to But how develop to how develop to develop to these develop these discoveries?, these discoveries?, these discoveries?, discoveries?, How How How How CONNECTION 3 CONNECTION 4 to build to build tothem?. build to them?. build them?. them?. These These are These are These questions are questions are questions that questions that are that are being that are being answered, are being answered, being answered, answered, as “Biomias “Biomias “Biomias “Biomimetics” metics” metics” terms metics” terms are terms are now terms are now new now are new and now new and strong new and strong and strong branches branches strong branches that branches that allow that allow that allow allow thethe study the study of the study the ofstudy the of structure the structure of the structure and structure and function and function and function offunction biological of biological of biological of sysbiological sys-sys- systems tems astems models astems models as models for as models for thethe for design the design for the design andand design engineering and engineering and engineering engineering of materials of materials of materials of materials andand machines. and machines. and machines. machines.

As human As human As human As develops human develops develops more develops more and more and more and more technology and more technology more technology technology andand proand proand pro-provides vides human vides human vides human increasingly human increasingly increasingly increasingly simple simple simple solutions simple solutions solutions for solutions for everyday for everyday for everyday everyday tasks tasks istasks asistasks important asis important asis important as important to highlight to highlight to highlight tothe highlight the mission the mission the mission that mission that many that many that many many newnew professionals new professionals new professionals professionals have have when have when have this when this when technology this technology this technology technology is used is used isfor used isfor used for for Imgs_Models Top andImg_“Nanotechnology” Elevations Img_“Nanotechnology” Img_“Nanotechnology” Img_“Nanotechnology” Microscopic Microscopic Microscopic View. View. Microscopic View. View.

83838383 39

NATURAL PATTERNS INTEGRAL ENVELOPES

families proliferation natural patterns AIM

FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

The current practice of architecture typically tends to adA1 to 1performence, / B1 to A6 dress different criteria with the articulation C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 of a mono-functional systems and sub-systems in hierarE1 to such D6 / F1astoaE6primary structural system, a secchicals orders, ondary skin as a climatic threshold , a tertiary system as a light filter, etc. Instrumentalizing strategies investigated in NATURAL SYSTEMS, the studio will explore alternative ways of integrating multiple performance aspects in one system through processes of compontent differentiation and proliferation. The object of the project research is to develop parametriFAMILY 2 - JOINING 1material TO 5 systems that are cally defined multy-performative structure and skin at the same time. The development of these systems will originate from the definition of their simplest, constituents, integrating, manufacturing, constraints and assembly logics in parametric components. The exploration towards structure as a performative skin and skin as a differentiated structure is the aim of the course. Jordi Truco

Img_Examples of Some Natural Patterns Image Catalogue Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join (the students were free to choose any image that they consider Imgs_Models Top andintersting) Elevations

C C

theconnection grid surface

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 3

OBJECT OF STUDY Brain CONNECTION 2 Coral Brain coral lives in an environment of warm, shallow water at a depth of around 1 to 30 meters below the surface. These ocean areas are usually offshore reefs. Because of stronger wave action there surface is rounded and skeleton is stronger. Brain coral is hemispherical dome attached to the rocky bottoms of the ocean floor. On the surface the brain corals has a number of grooved or smooth ridges and valleys located on the top of the skeleton. CONNECTION Â 4 Corals have very distinct valleys that contain polyps, and deeper grooves beneath the ridges. The valleys are 5-10 mm wide, up to 6 mm deep and u-shaped in a cross section. The ridges are wider than valleys, up to 15 mm, and have a concave profile with edges 2-4 mm higher than the rest of the ridge.

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Brainâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Elevations Coral Zoom Photograph.

natural families patterns proliferation 1

FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

FAMILY 4 CF VERTICAL C PV

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img1_Brain Coral Side View Photograph Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Img2_Brain Coral Section Photograph Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection natural patterns global global forces forces

proliferation grid-shell grid-shell

CONNECTION FAMILY 4 1 TYPOLOGIES PRESSURE VERTICAL PRESSURE CONNECTION 1

2 CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models TopPhotographs andImg1_Brain Elevations Coralgrid Tentacles Img_Plans and Photographs Img_Plans of each and grid state. of each state. System Zoom Img2_Brain Coral Skeleton Photograph

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natural families patterns proliferation

FAMILY 4 C VERTICAL C P

OBJECT ANALYSIS FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 GEOMETRICAL APROXIMATION A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 A C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

2/3 A

2 3 1 3

GROWTH BEHAVIOUR FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5 1/4 A

GROWTH

Img_Photographs-& Diagrams Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

1/2 A 2/3 A

connection natural global patterns forces

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES FAMILY 4 SYSTEM MAPPING VERTICAL PRESSURE CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Img_Plans and TopPhotographs andImg_Visual Elevations of Diagrams each grid Drawings state.

39 59

families proliferation natural patterns SKELETONFAMILY STRUCTURE ANALYSIS 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img1_Structure Analysis Plans_Diagrams Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection natural patterns

proliferation

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES SYSTEM ANALYSIS CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Zoom-IN Elevations Diagrams/Relation between Coral Mouths (Points of Attraction)

families proliferation natural patterns SYSTEM ABSTRACTION FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 CONNECTION BETWEEN ATTRACTORS

CONNECTION BETWEEN ATTRACTORS

CIRCULAR PACKING SYSTEM PROPOSAL

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

Img_First DiagramPlans_ Proposal Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

connection natural patterns

proliferation

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES PROTOTYPE 1 TRUNCATED CONE / FACE TO FACE CONNECTION CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_ Elevations Model Photographs

families proliferation natural patterns FROM CIRCLE TO HEXAGON FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 TRANSFORMING THE SYSTEM IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 MORE MATERIAL EFFICIENCY C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6 HEXAGONAL STRUCTURES

From bees' honeycombs to the Giant's Causeway, hexagonal patterns are prevalent in nature due to their efficiency. In a hexagonal grid each line is as short as it can possibly be if a large area is to be filled with the fewest number of hexagons. This means that honeycombs require less wax to construct and gain lots of strength under compression. FAMILY has 2 - JOINING 1 TO A regular hexagon all sides of the5same length, and all internal angles are 120 degrees. A regular hexagon has 6 rotational symmetries (rotational symmetry of order six) and 6 reflection symmetries (six lines of symmetry), making up the dihedral group D6. The longest diagonals of a regular hexagon, connecting diametrically opposite vertices, are twice the length of one side. From this it can be seen that a triangle with a vertex at the center of the regular hexagon and sharing one side with the hexagon is equilateral, and that the regular hexagon can be partitioned into six equilateral triangles.

Img_Hexagonal System Definition (http://bit.ly/XD4c8B) Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

FAMILY 4 C VERTICAL C P Like squares and equilateral triangles, regular hexagons fit together without any gaps to tile the plane (three hexagons meeting at every vertex), and so are useful for constructing tessellations. The cells of a beehive honeycomb are hexagonal for this reason and because the shape makes efficient use of space and building materials. The Voronoi diagram of a regular triangular lattice is the honeycomb tessellation of hexagons. It is not usually considered a triambus, although it is equilateral.

connection natural patterns global forces

proliferation grid-shell

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES FAMILY 4 VERTICAL PRESSURE CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models TopPhotographs andImg_Diagrams-Transforming Elevations Img_Plans and of each grid state. the pattern.

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families proliferation natural patterns PROPOSED HEXAGRID STRUCTURAL FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 SKIN

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES PROTOTYPE 2 FIRST HEXAGRID SYSTEM CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

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Imgs_Models Top andImg_ Elevations Model Photographs

nat. families patterns proliferation site GENERAL FAMILY LOCALIZATION 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

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A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

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Img_Localization Maps Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

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site proliferation site

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES SPECIFIC LOCALIZATION CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_3D Elevations Rhino Site Image

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nat. families patterns nat. patterns proliferation site site TOP VIEW FAMILY 1 - JOINING TOP 1 TOVIEW 1

SITE PHOTOGRAPH

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FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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Img_Site Plans & Photographs Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Img_Site Plans & Photographs Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

SECTION A-A’

SIDE SECTION VIEW B A-A’

SIDE VIE

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site site proliferation

CONNECTION TOPTYPOLOGIES VIEW CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

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Imgs_Models Top andImg_Site Elevations Photographs

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families nat. patterns proliferation site nat. patterns project 1 - JOINING TOP 1 TOVIEW 1 INTEGRALFAMILY ENVELOPES

SITE PHOTOGRAPH

MONTALEGRE CHURCH NEW ENVELOPE

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6

The projectC1aims provide to B6to / D1 to C6 a new function to the building of the “Montalegre and create a new facade toE1 to D6 / F1Church” to E6 wards montalegre street. The new function of re-used building will be a “Gallery and Art Center”, for activities, such as: itinerant’s expositions, educational workshops and exhibition area. Analysis of the sun exposure provided the values of different insolation levels on the facade. FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5 The environmental data is used to generate the surface in SIDE VIEW A form of hexagonal grid with different areas of density, sun exposure and thickness of the envelope.

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The surface created out of cells apart of being the envelope of the building would have the function to collect light and provide heating for the building.

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Img_Ecotect Sunlight Analysis ExampleDrawnings (http://bit.ly/13alwCB) Plans_ Explanatory to join Img_Site Plans & Photographs Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

C SECTION A-A’

SIDE VIE

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proliferation project project

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES ANALYSIS ENVIROMENTAL SUN CONNECTION 1EXPOSURE

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Analysis Elevations Grid in Church Facade (Ecotect Analysis)

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families nat. patterns proliferation site nat. patterns project DATA COLLECTION FAMILY 1 PROCESS - JOINING TOP 1 TOVIEW 1

SITE PHOTOGRAPH

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

GRID

POLYGON SELECTION

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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ANALYSIS GRID

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SECTION A-A’

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SIDE VIEW A

VECTOR FORCES ACCORDING TO TEMPERATURE

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Img_Rhino Study Process Plans_ Drawings Explanatory Drawnings to join Img_Site Plans & Photographs Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

SIDE VIE

connection nat. nat.patterns patterns

proliferation project project

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES POLYGON DEFINITION CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

SEASIONS INSOLATION ANALYSIS

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4 AUTUM

SUMMER

SPRING

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Imgs_Models Top andImgUp_Grasshopper Elevations Vector Forces ImgDown_Ecotect Analysis (Each Season)

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nat. patterns nat. patterns project site VECTOR FORCES PROCESS TOP VIEW + Sun Exposure + Vector Force = + Façade Surface + Light Collection

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Img_Actong Forces Diagram Explination

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Img_Site Plans & Photographs

SITE PHOTOGRAPH

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project project GENERATIVE STRATEGY

Img_Rhino-Grasshopper Generative Strategy

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nat. patterns project families nat. patterns proliferation site SURFACE GENERATION FAMILY 1 - JOINING TOP 1 TOVIEW 1 AUTUMN

SITE PHOTOGRAPH

SPRING

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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ImgUp_Rhino-Grasshopper Season Surface Generation Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Img_Site Plans & Photographs ImgDown_Ecotect Imgs_Models Season StudyTop and Elevations

SECTION A-Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

SIDE VIE

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES SUMMER CONNECTION 1

WINTER CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

EW B

Imgs_Models Top andImgUp_Rhino-Grasshopper Elevations Season Surface Generation ImgDown_Ecotect Season Study

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families nat. patterns proliferation site nat. patterns project HEXAGRIDFAMILY EXTRUSION RULE TOP 1 - JOINING 1 TOVIEW 1

SITE PHOTOGRAPH

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A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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SECTION A-Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

SIDE VIE

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CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES HEXAGONS SIZE RULE CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

SUN EXPOSURE ADAPTATION

Imgs_Models Top andImg_ Elevations

REPELLENT POINTS BEHAVIOUR

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nat. patterns project families proliferation nat. patterns project EXTRUSION GENERATION FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 EXTRUSION GENERATION AUTUMN AUTUMN SELECTED SEASON TO DEVELOP SELECTED A1 SEASON DEVELOP to 1 / B1TO to A6

SPRING

C C

C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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Img_Rhino-Grasshopper Envelope Renders Img_Rhino-Grasshopper Envelope Renders Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

nat.patterns patterns connection nat.

project proliferation project

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES SUMMER CONNECTION 1

WINTER CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Rhino-Grasshopper Elevations Envelope Renders

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families nat. patterns proliferation projectproto nat. patterns preliminar FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1 EXTRUSION GENERATION AUTUMN SELECTED SEASON TO DEVELOP A1 to 1 / B1 to A6

SPRING

C C

C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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Img_Rhino-Grasshopper Envelope Renders Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

natural patterns connection nat. patterns nat. patterns

final project proliferation project final project

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES DETAILS CONSTRUCTION JOINTS DEVELOPMENT CONNECTION 1

CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM SELECTED CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_ Elevations

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nat. nat. families patterns patterns proliferation finalfinal project project COSNTRUCTION COSNTRUCTION DETAILS FAMILYDETAILS 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

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FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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Img1_Hexagrid Diagram Img1_Hexagrid Diagram Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Img2_Joint Drawing Img2_Joint Drawing Imgs_Models Top and Elevations Img3_PhotovoltaicImg3_Photovoltaic Cell (Proposal) Cell (Proposal) img4_Joint Model img4_Joint PhotographModel Photograph

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final project proliferation final project final project

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES FINAL HEXAGRID CONNECTION 1

FINAL STRUCTURAL SKIN CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Rhino-Grasshopper Elevations Perspectives

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nat. nat. families patterns patterns proliferation finalfinal renders renders FAMILY 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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Img_Structure Render Img_Structure Render Plans_ Explanatory Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

nat.patterns patterns connection nat.

final renders proliferation final renders

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_New Elevations Church Envelope

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Img_Structure Img_SIngle GridRender Prototype Img_New Church Envelope

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nat. patterns renders families proliferation nat. patterns finalfinal prototype ASSEMBLYFAMILY PROCESS 1 - JOINING 1 TO 1

C C

A1 to 1 / B1 to A6 C1 to B6 / D1 to C6 E1 to D6 / F1 to E6

FAMILY 2 - JOINING 1 TO 5

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Img_Structure Render Img_Model ProcessPlans_ & 3D Explanatory Printer Photographs Drawnings to join Imgs_Models Top and Elevations

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final renders finalproliferation prototype

CONNECTION TYPOLOGIES FINAL PROTORYPE CONNECTION 1

CONNECTION 2

CONNECTION 3

CONNECTION 4

Imgs_Models Top andImg_Final Elevations Model Frabrication

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COPMPUTATIONAL DESIGN LABORATORY

The end of the end COMPUTATIONAL SENSITIVITY by IGNACIO ARCINIEGAS N

Critical Essay based on: “The end of the classic, the end of the beginning, the end of the end” article. By Peter Einsenman. Throughout the article, Eisenman takes us on a journey that begins with the explanation from his point of view but supported course on historical data, bibliography and researches authors, the explanation of which subsequently could say the ambiguity in around the real and fictional architectural predecessors of the current architectural movement. What movement? One that he identifies as Non-classic, which is not even listed as a movement or tendency, but “something” that has been breeding since the beginning of contemporary architecture, covering, as can be inferred among others, tendencies as deconstructivism (from which Eisenman is the one of the greatest exponents), or architecture which is now often called parametric, but evidently not only combines mathematical or algorithmic properties but also factors of natural patterns, formal connections, systems, etc. Cutting away expressly categorize different architectural ap-

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Imgs_

ESSAY

proaches that we see today, it is necessary to clarify that the author prefers to put aside any name or current nominal exclusivity, and shows direct correspondence in the classic and the modern style, while the author still writing on some lines of the styles that took place between the above two, Renaissance and Enlightenment. The primary focus from where the article starts, establishes three different concepts to study in the historical tendencies previously mentioned. These concepts are: The Representation, Reason and History. From them sincerely expresses its position linking the three concepts in what he calls Fictions. Directly clarifies position on them and dialectically shows that these three concepts were never real or at least were never projected as reals, were never conceived unprotected of preconceived concepts that made themselves a pure representation of a speech previously thought and whose outcome was the project itself. It would be unfair explain them one at a time but, I will highlight the three subjects with one sentence that shows clearly the conclusion reached by Eisenman in each one of them. But not before insisting that the objects of analysis of the author are recurring, the classic style, such as significance of the divine (called religion or human) and modern architec-

ESSAY

The end of the end

ture as pure abstraction of the function, which in turn, the last one is nothing more that abstraction of the same classical architecture. (On the classic): “...occurred , because Language had cased to intersect with representation – that is because it was not meaning but a message that was displayed in the object.” (On the Renaissance): “Not surprisingly, since the origin was thought to contain the seeds of the object’s propose and thus its destination , this belief in the existence of an ideal origin led directly to a belief in the existence of an ideal end.” (On the Modernism): “History: simulation of the timeless” “... “Modern architecture was not a rupture with history, but simply a moment in the same continuum, a new evolution of the –zeitgeist- . And the architecture’s representation of its particular zeitgeist turned out to be less “modern” than originally thought” Historicism in architecture depended, with very few exceptions, always on a “reason and a result” not only represented in the intention that hid the designer but always attached without noticing new paradigms that were taken as absolutes even

Imgs_Eisenman Picture by Chris Wiley Imgs_

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The end of the end when they did that the previous were broke. From here onwards the text becomes something such a new birth; this time we talk about an architecture that without fear of not having pre-conceived concepts, take risks, to break away from goal, and that of course is not in the search for a section on the history itself. Eisenman opens this discussion with the title: “The non-classical: Architecture as fiction.” This time without any fear, fiction is the architecture. What do respond this? To nothing that should be answered. It will only managing to create some kind of rule inside, but nothing more. ¿The result? Nothing. Or at least nothing expected, the end will be only when it decides to be. It is not difficult to imagine the reaction that may cause in many heads this type of path, in fact, the not-path would be a term that could easily be concluded from what Eisenman is trying to show. The End of the Beginning. The End of the End “An origin of values implies a state or a condition of origin before value has been given to it” “... You have to start eliminating those concepts defined in the classical characteristic time, which are mainly origin and purpose. The end of the beginning is also the end of the beginning

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Img_ Poster of: Princeton SOA Lecture Series: “Architecture and Resistance: A Imgs_ Symposium on the Contributions of Peter Eisenman”

ESSAY

The end of the end

value. “ “We must begin by this, without necessarily a value to this”. All the interest is then focused on what can be called a well based anarchy, based on the collapse of what attempted to respond to something, the attempted to put ideas in our brain before we found out, that they were in it, concepts that were not born free or virginal, which had in mind the final result without even having drawn a line in on paper. Eisenman suggests strongly that what we see today (post-modern architecture attached to the principles of “non-classical”) as architectural design is perhaps the most advanced way to shed that would not let us be completely autonomous in the way we understood a design problem. We may be attached to that or not, that’s not really the problem, rather, is one of the points that makes it more seductive, it is the thinking that you can think without fear of breaking any rule that although we do not believe as absolute, might generate a subjective deviation in our proposal. What the author breaks down logically, at least consider the new proposals that could be placed within this thinking as free developments, “non-classic” architectural projection. It should be noted, though, that it is impossible have no fear

about what can happens when in the hands of whose designs appears an infinite “freedom” is a bet, as every bet, is prone to destroying itself, because not all, surely may be considered as “non-classical”. More when we see that the use of new computer technologies begin to become the creators; and humans only works as employees at their service, we must, in my opinion, tending to use that world of possibilities as a tool that allows us to explore this end without end and the beginning without beginning, otherwise nothing will be meaningful, we must not forget that the buildings, master plans, offices etc. are made for users who mostly have nothing to do with what we discuss here, the building apart from its formal aesthetic that can be subject to multiple and coherent discussion; more than a building, is an experience, the experience of being that inhabits it.

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occupation research IMAGE CATALOGUE From 9am to 5pm One Frame every 15 minutes (3 days)

IMAGE CATALOGUE (one day sample) 9:00hrs

Analysis Aim Identify occupation patterns in relation to the following aspects: Furniture Insolation Time Usersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; behaviour Observe these patterns and deduce certain rules. Representation mode Grid on the site using the existing tiles size. 3D Point map representing users

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Imgs_ Imgs_Image Catalogue Samples

10:00hrs

occupation research 12:00hrs

15:00hrs

13:00hrs

16:00hrs

Imgs_Image Catalogue Samples Imgs_

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occupation research METHOD Site: Elisavaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Backyard Grid Dimensions: 45 Tiles * 28 Tiles 1214 Cells

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Imgs_ From left to Right _Site - Grid - Site Dimensions - Result Sample (13:45hrs)

occupation research METHOD Collecting Data/ Point per Person on cell.

Transfering Data

Imgs_Perspective and Top View UsersÂ´ location. Imgs_

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occupation research DATA ANALISYS Insolation Areas Position Of Furniture Distance User - Furniture Higher Influence Area Density Of Occupation

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Imgs_Highest Density Period DIagram Img_

occupation research ANALYSIS SCHEME (Four frames Period samples) 9:00 to 9:45hrs

10:00 to 10:45hrs

12:00 to 12:45hrs

Imgs_Analysis Schemes Examples Imgs_

13:00 to 13:45hrs

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occupation research ANALISYS OUTPUTS (highest occupation period) 1187 Total Cells 20% Average of Occupation 24% Insolated Area 4.54m Highest Length from Furniture 4.54m Lowest Length from Furniture

LEGEND Grid

Grid Insolation Area

Insolation Area Distance To Furniture Distance to Furniture Furniture Furniture

Density of Occupation Density Of Occupation Furniture Influence Area Furniture Influence Area

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Imgs_Left_ Occupation Analisys Of Busy Period of tha Day. Imgs_ Imgs_Right_ Abstraction Diagram of the Analisys.

SYNTHESIS DIAGRAM

project proposal CONCLUSIONS The average occupation of the patio during the observed period was of 13% The highest occupation rate was of 20% during the period comprised between 13h30 and 15h30. The lowest occupation rates (6%) were observed during the morning hours (from 9h to 11h). The creation of clusters was determined by two factors: the insolation of the patio and the grouping of people around furniture. During the insolated periods of the day 30% of the people located in insolated areas. Consecuently, during insolated periods there is a coincidence between the location of people and the insolated areas.

the people were located at a distance between 0m and 2m to any furnishing. People stays in the square for short periods of time, therefore the configuration of the space changes continually. The occupation value of 84% of the cells (in a scale of 1 to 5) was of 1. AIM According to the analysis, the proposed morphology should provide spatial configurations to support the following needs: Roof Meting Shelter/Sun Exposure Furniture The starting point will be defining new areas for the creation of clusters following certain rules that we deduced from the analisys.

Concerning furniture, the maximum distance between one person and a table or bench is of 5m. Yet, in average, 79% of

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project proposal ABSTRACT

RULE AS STRATEGY

The project starts from an occupation analysis of the site. Based on a photographic inventory, the proposed analysis collects data about the site dynamics in relation to insolation, furniture and the userâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s behaviour. These data, converted into points in the space, are used as input parameters for the generation of a relational structure which is the result of merging data corresponding to the density of occupation of the space and data corresponding to the position of the existing furniture. Through a stochastic search among the resulting geometries, certain elements are selected for the generation of new spatial configurations of the site and the creation of a shading device. IGNACIO ARCINIEGAS -CAMILO CIFUENTES

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Imgs_ Img_Rule Explination Diagram

Cell occupation

Non Occupied Cells

More Cell occupation = More Point Value = More Point Height

project proposal RULE AS STRATEGY

Img_Rule Explination Diagram Imgs_

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intervention ALL POINTS

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Imgs_Left_ All Points = All users with values of occupation. Imgs_ Imgs_Right_ Ecotect Insolation Analisys of the ELISVAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s BackYard

INVLOVING THE SUN

intervention AREA OF HIGHER TEMPERATURE

AREA OF HIGHER TEMPERATURE

Imgs_ Imgs_Left_ Ecotect Higher Temperature Area Imgs_Right_ Projection of High Insolated Area

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intervention REMOVING POINTS

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Img_Left_ Points to remove, in order to not occupy the warmer area of Backyard Imgs_ Img_Right_ Area not to take in consideration.

REMOVING THE POINTS

intervention POINTS TO USE

CONECTING THE POINTS USERS+FURNITURE

Imgs_ Imgs_Left_ Resultant Points Imgs_Right_ First Relation between points

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intervention APPLYING RELATIONAL STRUCTUTE

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Imgs_Left_ Applying Firs Grasshopper Definition “Blend Curves” Imgs_ Imgs_Right_ To remove the point higher tha 2.5m

2ND RULE

intervention RESULTANT POINTS

BLEND CURVES DEFINITION

Imgs_ Imgs_Left_ Resultant Points Imgs_Right_ Grasshopper Definition in order to conect the new points.

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intervention OPTIMIZATION (Finding The Accurate Solution)

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Imgs_ Imgs_”Goat” Softwar Optimization- Finding the bigger area to cover.

intervention CHOSEN CURVES

RESULTANT SHAPE

Imgs_Resultant Curves after the process. Imgs_

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intervention SURFACES AS CONECTORS regarding the anlysis

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Imgs_ Imgs_Chosing the Main Curves to be Connected.

FINAL DEFINITION

intervention PROPOSAL (TOP VIEW)

Imgs_ Imgs_Left_Top View Final Morphology Imgs_Right_Top View Final Morphology Materials Propusal

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Imgs_ Imgs_ELISAVA’s Backyard Intervention

intervention

Imgs_ELISAVAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Backyard Intervention Imgs_

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intervention

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Imgs_ Imgs_ELISAVAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Backyard Intervention

Imgs_ELISAVA’s Backyard Intervention Imgs_

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