UFP Basics
DG300 Vivian van der Burgt s081013
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Table of content
Week 1: Context of use analysis Diabetes Goals Stakeholders Week 2: user profiling Pilot interview Second interview Data sheet summary User profile Week 3: Understanding users and requirements Mobile phone actions Requirements product Week 4: Interface design and interaction styles Scenario of use QOC analysis Task description scenario Week 5: Prototyping & Expert evaluation Paper prototype Expert evaluation Week 6: User evaluation Introduction for the user p.23 Analysis and present data Expert evaluation vs. user evaluation
p.3 p.3 p.4 p.4 p.5 p.5 p.7 p.12 p.14 p.15 p.15 p.16 p.18 p.18 p.18 p.20 p.21 p.21 p.22 p.23
Reflection
p.26
Sources
p.27
p.24 p.25
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Week 1: Context of use analysis I choose as the target group elderly people who have diabetes. Questions that are important to ask about your user group are: Who is the user? What do they know about new technology developments? How proficient are they with computers? What are they doing? It appears that elderly people have more problems with their health than younger people. Diabetes is one of the diseases that are common for older people. With this disease you have to look out for example what you eat. It is a target group where we can improve the benefits of the information in the supermarkets on food. That’s why the group chose elderly people with diabetes as our user group. Diabetes patients get sometimes dizzy or are very tired. Sometimes they have problems with their eyes like blindness. So a big interface with big buttons is something you need to take into account. Another important design questions are: Does the device fits well in the hands of the user? Does it give feedback that the device is doing something/calculating something? Does it act quickly? Is it used frequently by your user? The product for this assignment will be used once/twice a week, that dependents on how many times you are in the supermarket buying your food. It is not every day but it is enough to remember the actions you need to do to use the product in a good way. Answering these questions you need to gather data from the user. Another issue that we have in designing a concept is the new technology in our world. Elderly people have problems with understanding the new developments on technology areas. They don’t have much experience with it and the skills to work with it. The needs of elderly living in the community and the role of technology are very important to know. Diabetes If you have diabetes your cells can’t process sugar from food efficiently. The level of sugar in your blood is therefore constantly elevated and some of the sugar is passed in urine. Diabetes is called sugar disease in some languages. You have two types of diabetes. Diabetes 1 is where you simply can’t produce anymore insulin because the cells are destroyed. Diabetes 2 means that you produce insufficient insulin combined with changes of the secretion of insulin. With healthy people the value of the glucose will be regulated precise. After every meal a fast supply of insulin will take place and because of that the value of the glucose in the blood will keep the same. With people with diabetes 2 the supply of insulin is less, insufficient inhibition of the production of glucose in the liver, and the insufficient absorption of the glucose in muscle tissue. Your body tries to get rid of the excess blood sugar by increasing urination and passing sugar in urine. The treatments consist of applying tablets that will reduce the glucose production. Another treatment is applying of insulin. 4|Page
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Goal When you design something for a specific target group you need to look to the needs & wishes and expectations of the user. They pay attention to other things than the designer does. Relevant characteristics of the user need to be described. Important characteristics are attitude, motivation, knowledge, skill, experience, education, training, physical attributes and motor and sensory capabilities. User satisfaction is identified one of five main outcomes categories, together with clinical results, functional status, quality of life, and costs. Satisfaction can be defined as an attitude about a service, a product, a service provider or a person’s health status. After making a function or design you need to evaluate that by asking the user about his opinion. The goals is to get to know all these aspect about the user by gather data.
Stakeholders there are a number of significant stakeholders or interest groups who are willing in meeting the health care challenges posed by a growing elderly population. Certain groups are the elderly themselves, their informal caretakers in the community, and the formal caretakers. The starting point must be the elderly themselves. If they get new technology for home care, assistive devices, robots and smart homes, they can increase the possibility to live independently in their communities. Also technology devices outside the house will provide them to go independently out of the house. The need for elderly is to be independent in the house and outside the house, only if they life alone. The technology can help a lot with that but you also need to look at the financials of the elderly. There the other group joins: The families and neighbors of the elderly play an important role and are important stakeholders for any innovation in the health care. Also the formal caretakers are important caretakers. If they invest in the health care their work will get better and easier. Another important stakeholder is the insurance company. The attitude against elderly people is a factor that influences the interest of the elderly. If the negative stereotype prevails the interest of elderly is gone. If elderly people are seen as a positive resource in the society then all interests are optimally met.
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Week 2: User profiling why this is done: -
To be able to appreciate what are interesting issues to consider about user populations.
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To be able to elicit a user profile on your own.
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To relate user profile information to usability goals and to describe usability goals
Pilot interview 1. Age: 83 2. Sex: female 3. Disability: Diabetes 2 4. Which symptoms do you have because of this disease and which activities do affect these symptoms? (Jordan) I often experience having a dry mouth and being tired and hungry. Eating food with sugar makes the symptoms worse, so I can’t eat that. 5. Do you look after about what you eat? (Jordan) Niet echt, ik kan ook vaak niet de verpakking lezen over wat erin zit. 6. Do you use a lot of technical products that automated your activities in the house or outside? Computer/mp3/cell-phone (Mayhew) Yes, computer and mobile phone. 7. Do you remember an action you did last week with a technical product and do you still know how to do it again? (Cell-phone, computer?) (Jordan) No, for example you have done an action a week or a month ago but if you want to try it again you can’t remember it. So you have to ask it again to someone. 8. Do you like to work with them? Are you interested in these products? (Mayhew) Computers are very nice and friendly, but sometimes they don’t work or they don’t do what I want. 9. Do you enjoy learning a new application? (Mayhew). Yes, I did computer training.
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10. How would you describe your attitude against technology? Are you impatience? Are you feeling stupid? Insecure? Angry? Happy? (Jordan) I sometimes find the devices annoying because they are too difficult or they don’t work as I want. Sometimes I become a bit angry and then I have to call my grandson again. 11. When would you be satisfied about a technical product? (Mayhew) When there are only a few functions on it. 12. Which problems do you run into when you’re shopping in a supermarket buying food? (Mayhew) I can’t read what’s on the packaging of the product. So I don’t know exactly what I’m buying. 13. What kind of knowledge/experience do you have about food? Do you exactly know whatyou can eat and what not? (Mayhew) I know I can’t eat products with a lot of sugar in it, but sometimes my daughter shops for me. 14. What are you shopping/eating habits? When, where, what, how many times, with whom do you shop/eat? (Jordan) I often coke for myself. It is usually something easy to make, or a ready meal. In the weekend I eat with family. Shopping I do on my own, sometimes with my daughter.
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Second Interview How old are you? (Mayhew, Demographics) Under 50 50-60 60-70 Over 80 Are you: (Mayhew, Demographics) Male Female Which type of Diabetes do you have? (Mayhew, Demographics) None Diabetes I Diabetes II How well would you say you can still walk? (Jordan, Physio) Normal (I can walk and carry groceries as good as ever.) Lesser (I get tired more easily and need a shopping cart for the groceries.) Worse (I need a walker and load my groceries in the front of it.) Bad (I need a wheelchair to go shopping.) How well would you say you can still read? (Jordan, Physio) Normal (My sight is as good as ever.) Lesser (Although I need glasses, it doesn’t affect my ability to read.) Worse (I’m having trouble reading small letters, such as in the newspaper.) Bad (Even with glasses, reading is a problem.) How well would you say you can still use your hands? (Jordan, Physio) Normal (My hands move as good as ever.) Lesser (Although it takes more effort, I can still operate a phone for example.) Worse (I’m having trouble operating small buttons, like those of a phone for example.) Bad (Using my hands is a problem.) If you have Diabetes, how often would you say you suffer from Diabetes caused symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, headaches and impaired sight? (Jordan, Physio) Never(I am experienced enough to take my medication on time and eat and drink appropriate.) Sometimes(I sometimes suffer from them, but they don’t affect my functioning.) Often(I often suffer from them, making shopping and reading difficult.) Always(I’m not able to go shopping nor read.)
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Vivian van der Burgt s081013 If you have Diabetes II, how much of a trouble you would say adjusting your eating habits was? (Mayhew, Knowledge and Experience) None(I adapted to the new rules easily nor forgot them. ) Some(It took some time adapting to the rules and I sometimes forgot them.) Much(Adapting to the rules took much time and I often forgot them.) Big(I couldn’t remember the rules and changing my habits was very hard.) If you have Diabetes II, how well would you say you know which drinks and food not to consume and which to moderate? (Mayhew, Knowledge and Experience) Good(I know what and what not to buy in the supermarket.) Moderately(I sometimes forget and buy according to my old habits without thinking.) Bad(I often forget and buy according to my old habits without thinking.) Not(I need a list of these drinks and food otherwise I forget.) How often do you go to the supermarket? (Mayhew, Knowledge and Experience) Less than once a week Once a week Twice a week More than twice a week When you go to the groceries which factor affects your choice of a product the most? (Mayhew, Job and task Characteristics) Brand Price Nutrients Habit Other ___ Are you familiar with the scanner at some Albert Hein’s used to scan the barcodes of groceries yourself? (Mayhew, Job and task Characteristics) Very(I have even used them.) Some(I heard about it, but never used one.) Little(My cashier scans the barcodes.) Not(What are barcodes and scanners?) In general, how do you feel about working with new technology like mobile phones and computers? (Mayhew, Attitude and motivation) I try to avoid it as much as I can. I don’t like nor dislike it. I love it. Other ___
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Vivian van der Burgt s081013 In general, has new technology like mobile phones and computers affected your life? (Mayhew, Attitude and motivation) They made my life easier. They didn’t affect my life in a particular way. They made my life more difficult. Other ___ In general, what do you find most important in new technology like computers and mobile phones? (Jordan, Ideo/Psycho) Price Looks Functionality Ease of use Other___ In general, how fast would you say you learn to perform tasks in new technology like computers and mobile phones? (Mayhew, Knowledge and Experience) Fast(You only have to tell me once.) Regular(You have to tell me twice or three times before I remember.) Slow(It takes a lot of time and effort to learn.) Not(I just can’t handle new technology.)
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Vivian van der Burgt s081013 Mayhew, Demographics: Age
Gender Under 50 50-60 60-70 Over 80
Male Female
Type of Diabetes None Diabetes I Diabetes II
Mayhew, Knowledge and Experience: Trouble adjusting eating habits None Some Much Big
Know which drinks and food not to consume Good Moderately Bad Not
Frequency supermarket visits Less than once a week Once a week Twice a week More than twice a week
Time to learn to perform tasks in new technology Fast Regular Slow Not
Mayhew, Job and task Characteristics: Choice of a product Brand Price Nutrients Habit Other ___
Familiar with scanner Albert Hein used Very Some Little Not
Mayhew, Attitude and motivation: Feel about new technology Try to avoid it Like nor dislike Love it Other ___
New technology affected your life Life easier Didn’t affect More difficult Other ___
Jordan, Ideo/Psycho: Most important in new technology Price Looks 11 | P a g e
Vivian van der Burgt s081013 Functionality Ease of use Other___ Jordan, Physio: Walk symptoms Normal Lesser Worse Bad
Read
Hands Normal Lesser Worse Bad
Suffer Diabetes Normal Lesser Worse Bad
Never Sometimes Often Always
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Data sheet summary Mayhew, Demographics: Age
.25 .33 .42 .42
Under 50 50-60 60-70 Over 80
Gender
.42 Male .58 Female
Type of Diabetes .00 None .00 Diabetes I 1.00 Diabetes II
Mayhew, Knowledge and Experience: Trouble adjusting eating habits .08 None .58 Some .17 Much .17 Big
Know which drinks and food not to consume .33 Good .58 Moderately .08 Bad .00 Not
Frequency supermarket visits .08 Less than once a week .25 Once a week .66 Twice a week .00 More than twice a week
Time to learn to perform tasks in new technology .00 Fast .33 Regular .58 Slow .08 Not
Mayhew, Job and task Characteristics: Choice of a product .00 Brand .08 Price .25 Nutrients .66 Habit .00 Other ___
Familiar with scanner Albert Hein used .25 Very .42 Some .33 Little .00 Not
Mayhew, Attitude and motivation: Feel about new technology .00 Try to avoid it .75 Like nor dislike .25 Love it .00 Other ___
New technology affected your life .42 Life easier .42 Didn’t affect .17 More difficult .00 Other ___
Jordan, Ideo/Psycho: Most important in new technology .17 Price 13 | P a g e
Vivian van der Burgt s081013 .00 .42 .42 .00
Looks Functionality Ease of use Other___
Jordan, Physio: Walk symptoms .66 .33 .00 .00
Read Normal Lesser Worse Bad
Hands .25 Normal .58 Lesser .17 Worse Bad
Suffer Diabetes .75 .25 .00 .00
Normal Lesser Worse Bad
.58 .42 .00 .00
Never Sometimes Often Always
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User profile Category
The user profile are people older than 50 years with diabetes 2. Within this group we focus on people who are capable to go individually to the supermarket once a week or more. General description They want a product that helps them with maintaining or changing their eating habits. This change of habit could be towards a new healthy eating habit which goes together with diabetes. User characteristics In our target group the majority of people have trouble adjusting their eating habits. This is connected to the result that most people are used their habits and moderately buy according to these habits. It takes a lot of time and effort to learn new technologies. Most interviewed neither like nor dislike new technologies. Most times product choice in a supermarket is based on habits. The scanner is a known device where most users heard of and some used it. In respect to new technologies, functionality and ease of use are the most important aspects. Usability and Experience Requirements Ease of learning is very important for our target group, because of they have a hard time with learning new technologies and they stick to their old habits. From the interview the result was that ease of use is one of the top priorities. Even when the sight and the walking capabilities of the user are lesser, the product could be used. This means less capable users could also use our device.
Conclusion we want to make a device for in the supermarket to help elderly people with diabetes with their shopping’s. For that we need elderly who are still capable going on their own to the supermarket else they are not able to use our device. A lot of elderly have problems with adjusting their eating habits, that’s why our device helps to adjust their eating habits by selecting products which are good for them. Our device will be easy to use and easy to learn because there are less functions on it and easy to learn, because you have to do less actions to reach a goal.
Design goals -
Our device helps to adjust their eating habits. Easy to learn, because they can learn the actions faster, because most of the elderly have difficulties with learning new technology. Easy to use, less functions so they can remember the actions they need to reach the same goal.
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Week 3: Understanding users and requirements: Mobile phone action in Norman’s seven stages. 1 Forming the Goal Change ringtone on your mobile phone.
2 Intention to act Take your mobile phone and change the ringtone in the way you like. You can choose between several ringtones. You can also choose if you want to change the ringtone of your incoming calls or received text messages. You need to know that these two options are available.
3 Action Sequence Take mobile phone, go to menu, go to the right map, go to sound applications, choose the right ringtone. You have to click on the right buttons in the right order.
4 Execution Actually taking you mobile phone, press on the menu (you have to remember which button is for the menu) recall/remember in which map you can find the sound applications (look for the symbol that you recognize) if you’re in the right map, go to sound applications, go to incoming calls, choose ringtone and select it.
5 Perception What actually has happened: You see another ringtone is selected, you hear another sound, the sound that you want.
6 Interpretation Actually understand the perceptions available: When there is an incoming call you can hear the ringtone you chose. You interpret the change of the action.
7 Evaluation Did the ringtone change the way you wanted? Comparing the happened with what was wanted.
a. The step when you’re in the menu and it which map you can find the sound application you need to recall, further actions are all recognition.
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b. The menu is shown in pictures/symbols. They are not immediately clear what kind of map it is. In the menu of selecting the ringtone the constrain is that you first need to change the ringtone and then you can change the volume. It is not possible to do it in another order. c. They information of the menu represent mapping and recognition. You have to know which button what function has. In the menu of selecting the ringtone it represent constraints.
3. Find back stored pictures on your computer: First of all you can make different maps and organize them on events. You can give them a name and if you want to find a specific picture you can use the search engine. On my mobile phone you have different maps in the menu for storing you’re music and pictures. You can’t make a map your own. There is also no search engine. What you can do is give the pictures another name and put them on alphabetical order.
4. Give examples of requirements for the system/product for your specific user group, taking into consideration the results from the meetings 1-3
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Requirement type: A functional requirement Description: No unnecessary functions have to be on the device as on a mobile phone. Rationale: To remember the actions better and to reach a goal easier. Fit criterion: The user only have to know if the product that they buy in the supermarket is good for them. They don’t have to be aware of every nutrient that is in the product.
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Requirement type: A function requirement Description: The device will only give necessary information about the nutrients in a product. Rationale: Then the device is clearer and doesn’t give too much information that could cause confusion. Fit criterion: Only if the product contains too much sugar for a diabetes patient the device will tell that.
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Requirement type: Ease of use requirement Description: Big buttons is a requirement for our device because it is made for older people. Rationale: Most of the time they can’t press on little buttons because they never learned to do that when they were young. It is the same with learning to ride a bike: You have to do that from a young age because else you will never learn it as fast and as good as then. Fit criterion: The buttons will be as big as your fingers and you will actually feel and see that you press the button.
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Requirement type: An ease of use requirement Description: You receive feedback when pressing a button. The system should always keep users informed about what’s going on, through appropriate feedback within reasonable time. Rationale: If you don’t get feedback, you don’t know if the device is doing something. Then you begin to press again and again and then the device does things you don’t want him to do. Fit criterion: You will perceive that you have pressed the button. You will see it and hear it.
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Requirement type: An Ease of learning requirement Description: Less buttons and less functions on the device. Rationale: It is easier to remember which button you have to press for an action. You can remember easier the actions you need to do to reach a goal. Fit criterion:
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Week 4: Interface design and interaction styles Exercise A: Design problem: Adjusting your eating habits. Concept/product: Scanner that will scan the barcode of the product. You put your insurance cart so the device knows which diseases you have. You scan a product and the device will tell you if it is good for you or not. After using it several times you will adjust your eating habits because you buy the right products and no other. Scenario of use Mrs. Jansen is a diabetes patient and has problems with shopping her food products. She can’t adjust her old eating habits and has difficulties with reading the information on the package of the products. She lives alone but still independent and does her shopping’s by herself. Mrs. Jansen does her shopping’s today and she walks with the new device into the supermarket. At home she already has put her insurance cart into the device. She sees a product in the shelves and she wants to know if there are not too much sugar and fat in it. She presses the on-button and the device is ready for use. She scans the barcode on the product and the device tells immediately if it is god for her or not. The yoghurt she can eat, but a box of cookies she has to leave. With a good and certain feeling she now can eat her products without worries.
Exercise B: QOC Analysis Interaction problem: How can a user get the information what’s on the package of the product on the screen? Interaction styles/design options: - Graphical picture on touch screen - Standard button on the device - Voice recognition Five criteria: - Recognition of the symbol - Easy to understand - Easy to use - less actions - Pleasure, fun interaction - No errors
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Scale from 1 to 5 C1. recognition C2 easy to understand C3 easy to use C4 less actions C5 pleasure, fun interaction C6. No errors Total score
Graphical picture 4 2 3 4 4 3 20
Standard button 2 2 4 4 2 3 17
Voice recognition 2 2 4 4 4 3 19
Graphical picture: The recognition of the picture is very high if you use a clear symbol. On the other side elderly people have difficulties with understanding a touch screen. But I think it will be easy to learn for the elderly and within short time they will use it very easy. There is only one action needed because the picture is always standing in the screen of the device. The pleasure is that you can touch the screen and see a nice picture interacting with you. The action is visible and it works with recognition of the symbol. There could occur some errors, because elderly don’t easy understand that they can touch a screen. But there’s only one action needed and if they see it through the errors will decrease. Standard button: The recognition will be little because the button could serve for any action. Because of that it will be more difficult to understand the button. On the other hand the operation of a button is easier to place for elderly than a touch screen. The actions are the same as with a touch screen. The pleasure or fun is not high because it is very normal and not very innovative. The errors will be the same as with the touch screen. Voice recognition: recognition will be difficult because they may not know that it is possible that a device can understand what you’re literally are saying. That’s way it will be difficult to understand it. When they are using it will be easy because they don’t have to remember actions but just saying what they want. The pleasure and fun will be high because it is very innovative and new for the elderly. The errors could occur some errors, because if you don’t speak clearly the device will not recognize your voice.
Final conclusion: The optimal choice is the graphical picture. The voice recognition will bring too much confusion and the elderly have to speak clear and that also will be a problem. The button is easy and standard but I want also a little pleasure and fun for the elderly. I’m willing to take a risk by choosing the graphical picture on the touch screen because it is more innovative and the elderly will learn more about new technologies.
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Exercise C: Task description Scenario Mrs. Jansen is going to the supermarket with the new device. It has a touch screen and with one press on the on/off button on top the device is on. At home Mrs. Jansen put her insurance cart in the device into the gap where it belongs. In the supermarket Mrs. Jansen sees a product that she wants to buy. First she wants to know if it is good for her diabetes. She scans the barcode with the device and it tells immediately with a red or green screen if the product is good for her. The device gives a red screen as feedback and Mrs. Jansen wonders why it isn’t good for her: she wants to know which ingredients are in the product. She presses on the graphical symbol on the screen and receiving feedback in the way of a sound and popping up the graphical she knows that she has taken the action properly. After that the ingredients and the package on the product will be visible on the screen. The letters are big enough to read and if she has read it she can scan the next product.
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Week 5: Prototyping & Expert evaluation Paper prototype
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Expert evaluation Task description: the task focused on here is, scanning the product and how to get information about the product. Fulfilling this starts with turning on the device. When you do this a screen will pop up where is explained that you need to put your insurance card into the device. When you do that, a new screen will pop up with on the display 'scan product'. After that the user can begin to scan the barcode and information will follow. A heuristic that is violated is the visibility of system status, for it isn’t clear whether the product isn’t shown on the display because the user didn’t scan it properly or the device doesn’t work. This problem is caused by the fact that scanning is an unfamiliar and possibly difficult thing to do for elderly. 80% of users will experience this problem and 40 % of them will blame the device or need help. Another heuristic that is violated is the match between system and real world, for there it is not clear to me that the paper in the right corner represents more detailed information. This problem is caused because a piece of paper isn’t automatically associated with a list of nutrients. 80% of users will experience this problem and 60 % of them will need help. Another heuristic that is violated is recognition rather than recall, for the button doesn’t communicate what it should be used for. This problem is caused because the symbol on it isn’t clear enough. 80% of users will experience this problem because and 40 % of them will need help. A heuristic that is supported is user control and freedom, for there is the possibility to undo, go back. This is done by giving the user the possibility to return to the previous screen. 80% of users will still experience this as an advantage making it unnecessary for users to need to diagnose errors. A heuristic that is supported is that of consistency and standards for the menu, is structured. This is done by placing the text and symbols always in the same place on the display. 80% of users will experience this as an advantage making it unnecessary for users to need to diagnose errors.
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Week 6: User Evaluation I choose to do a usability testing. The goals that I want to reach with the usability testing are: -
Improve the interface problems and visualizations. Get to know the interface problems.
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Improve the information the user gets about the product.
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The device helps adjusting the eating habits of the user.
Design questions that can be asked are: 3. What are the interface problems with the user? 4. Can the elderly read the text on the screen? 5. Do the elderly understand how to use the touch screen button? 6. Is the information about the product good enough? 7. Will the device helps adjusting the eating habits of the user? 8. Is the recognition symbol on the button good? To gather data for the goals and questions I’m using the technique observing the user and afterwards asking the user (contextual interview). With this technique I can easily answer the design questions. Only observing is not enough to get good data. Sometimes you interpret the observations wrong. I will videotape the users and the interviews. So the equipment to use is a video camera and a voice recorder for the interviews and some food products and a insurance card.
Introduction for the user this product is designed for elderly people who have diabetes. They have difficulties with adjusting their eating habits and they often buy the wrong products in the supermarket. Our device helps to adjust the eating habits and will give good information about the products they buy. The device is a scanner which you can scan the barcode of every product. The scanner will give information about the product. The data that will be gathered from the user test will show Vivian van der Burgt 24 | P a g e
s081013 which interface problems there will pop up and if the information about the product you get is good enough. The user needs to take actions with the device he thinks are the right actions. We are testing the product and not the user, so it is not an exam. You don’t need to feel ashamed when you’re doing something ‘wrong’. There will be camera’s which record the user but because of your privacy and wish to stay anonymous you will not be recognizable on the video. The interview that will be taken place will also be anonymous. Informed consent form Sex: Age: For privacy reasons you will not be recognizable in the video that will be recorded. We are testing the product and not the user. So it is not an exam. Your personal data will not be exposed.
Analysis and present data User 1 Sex: Female Age: 65 Turning on the device was no problem. After reading the instructions and putting the insurance card into the device the screen ‘scan product’ was shown. The user crabbed a product but needed to search on which side the laser of the scanner was. After scanning a product the name and a red cross appeared on the screen. The user knew that the product was bad for him. But because the display stayed the same the user didn’t know that he already could scan the next product. There was no input from the user, because he didn’t know what to do. A suggestion the user gave to avoid this problem in the interview was to go back to the previous display ‘scan product’ after 10 seconds. After showing the screen with ‘scan product’ the user scanned the next product. After interviewing the user I asked why he didn’t press on the button below in the right corner and if he knew where the button is for. It was not clear for the user what it was and didn’t think of pressing on it. Give some instructions on the first screen about the button might be clearer for the user where the button is for. User 2 Sex: Male Age: 68 Turning on the device was no problem. After reading the instructions and putting the insurance card into the device the screen ‘scan product’ was shown. The user crabbed a product and held it in front of the screen. That was the wrong action and I send him the right way. A solution to avoid this problem is to mention that it is a hand scanner you can hold in your hand. After Vivian van der Burgt 25 | P a g e
s081013 scanning the product the name and a red cross appeared on the screen. Also with this user he didn’t know what to do next because the display stayed the same. He pressed on the on/off button and the button in the right corner. With the interview the user said that at that time there is no input from the user, so the device has to act. He suggested that the device should go back to the previous display after the cross has flashed three times. Another option is a ‘undo’ button or ‘go back’ button. Another thing he mentioned is that the symbol of ‘OK’ was not convincing. Showing ‘OK’ or a ‘vinkje’ was better. Also using color is clearer. Asking the user about the button on the touch screen in the right corner the user didn’t know what is was for but because he didn’t know what to do one time he just pressed on it see what happened. User 3 Sex: Male Age: 70 Turning on the device was no problem. After reading the instructions and putting the insurance card into the device the screen ‘scan product’ was shown. The user crabbed a product and held scanned the product. He also searched a short time for the laser but further it was clear for the user. After seeing the cross the user did nothing and began to press on the on/off button. This is also the same problem as with the previous users. The user did notice the symbol in the right corner but didn’t know that it was a button to press on. Expert evaluation vs. user evaluation: In the user evaluation you face much more other problems then in the expert evaluation. For example when the screen stays on the scanned product the user don’t know that he can scan the next product, isn’t faced in the expert evaluation. Also not knowing on which side the laser of the scanner is, is also not faced in the expert evaluation. In the expert evaluation are mentioned aspects of the interface that are for the user very obviously. Like the standards of the menu. That everything is structured is clarifying for the user and if it wasn’t structured the user would experience that as messy, not clarifying interface. Also with the user evaluation the feedback you receive are very useful. So the observing people combining with an interview are a good way to receive feedback and solutions for improvements of your product.
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Reflection: Within this assignment the whole design process is treated. The UCD-cycle was introduced and we had to go through that. In the design process you have different steps. I already worked with these steps but some parts were missing or I didn’t have a clue of them. For example I really learned the methods to gather user data. In the beginning I only had one way to do that but now I can do it on many different ways. You first need to get to know your user. If you know your user and their needs, requirements, thoughts about technology you can make a device that fits your target group well. With an interview you can choose which information you want to know, because you can ask the question to the user. It is important to do a pilot interview or pilot study. If you do that you can improve the interview and gather better, useful data. After knowing this information you can start the concept design. You can set up requirements about your product and interface and making a QOC analysis. With setting up criteria’s and options you can easily choose one option to be used in your product/interface. Scenario’s help you explaining your product and experiences with your product. After the QOC analysis you can start prototyping. With prototyping you have different ways to show your visualized concept. I’ve learned that you have different aspects to look at when choosing your way of prototyping. When you make a simple paper prototype the user knows it isn’t the final concept. Then you will get better feedback. But when you really make a nice prototype that looks create the feedback will be less. Also the goal of your prototype you really need to formulate. Do you want to show the very details or do you want to show the look and feel of a product or the experience. This is something where I didn’t thought of before in previous projects when making a prototype. To get to know if your decisions and analysis about your product are right I did an evaluation. Most of the time you won’t get to the evaluation in a project but still it is very important to do that. For example in the exhibition you can ask for feedback and use that as an evaluation on your product or design process. Also the evaluation is down with the user group because then you get the right feedback. Within all these steps of the UCD-cycle, the user is the central issue. In every step you need to consider the needs, expectations, feelings, understandings, feedback of your user. If you do that the product that you design will be (almost) perfect for the user.
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Sources: Ask the user – Roelof Wessels Handboek diabetes mellitus – dr. R.J. Heine, dr.C.J. Tack Technology and the elderly – K.Cullen, R. Moran Healthy aging – world health organization Interaction Design - Jenny Preece, Yvonne Rogers & Helen Sharp
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