AIA New York

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Dr. Steven Fleming Graduate Research Coordinator School of Architecture & Design University of Tasmania Steven.Fleming@utas.edu.au @BehoovingMoving


July 1, 2013, Centre for Architecture, New York


Car culture was born of car ownership

Bike share is pracNcal, but uninspiring.


People love cars because cars communicate idenNty and presNge


If cars were just pracNcal, they would have pracNcal bodies


However, cars have delicate and shiny bodies…


…so banks only finance developments with internal garaging.

Car parking consumes budgets and permissible envelopes, leaving no room for actual dwellings


Who should we blame for this nonsense?

Interval 1: city oriented around freeways Le Corbusier 1925

1925


A house with internal garaging, calling for freeways

Interval 2: the idea is put out there that houses designed around internal garaging might be magnets at the ends of future freeways. Le Corbusier 1928

1928


Architects offering house and car package deals

Interval 3: Corb’s idea spreads to America Buckminster Fuller 1928

1928


Or house, car and helicopter package deals!

Interval 4: soon every architect is promoNng visions of driving and sprawl. Frank Lloyd Wright

1932


How this vision was relayed to the masses.

1939 World’s Fair

Interval 5: Packaged into a huge expo pavilion, sponsored by General Motors Bel Geddes 1939 “Futurama”


July 1, 2013, Centre for Architecture, New York


Peri-­‐urban territories make new kinds of buildings possible

Bel Geddes 1939 “Futurama”


Let’s do it again! Bel Geddes 1939 “Futurama”


Let’s build raNonalised ciNes on an essenNalist mobility plaeorm.

idle motor

wearing motor

strengthening motor

The “raNonal” emblem of RaNonal architecture and planning, needs further raNonalisaNon.


Where should we imagine bikes going? Suburbia has been taken. It was developed on a vehicular plaeorm

If we’re going to reconceive raNonal architecture on a bike mobility plaeorm, it would be senseless to do it in car land.


City centres were developed on a horse/pedestrian plaeorm

The Netherlands


Brownfields near trails are redeveloping on a bike plaeorm.

In the 2000s Linear Parks increase land value

Nicholls, Sarah and Crompton, John L. (2005). The impact of greenways on property values: Evidence from AusNn, Texas. Journal of Leisure Research 37(3), 321-­‐341.

In the 1970s parks decreased value (crime)

Hammer, Thomas R., Robert E. Coughlin, and Edward T. Horn IV. 1974. “The Effect of a Large Urban Park on Real Estate Value.” American Ins6tute of Planning Journal July: 274–77. Weicher, J. C.; and Zerbst, R. H. 1973. The externaliNes of neighborhood parks: an empirical invesNgaNon. Land Economics, 49:99-­‐105.


TOD unlocks sites for fearful and obesogenic development


Bike MET = 8

Walk MET = 3

Ainsworth, 2000 Med Sci Sport Exerc; 32(9Suppl)S498-504)

NYC High Line

Bikes control weight. Walking does not Lusk et al., (2010) “Bicycle Riding, Walking and Weight Gain in Premenopausal Women” Archives of Internal Medicine June 28:170(12):1050-1056


Amend building codes to encourage healthy transport

Alex Kean Rob Jetson

IBC: dwelling unit to include: “a separate bathroom containing a water closet, lavatory and bathtub or shower”. Suggest adding “bike parking you have to pass each Nme you leave home.”


Some Design Tips for Cycle Space

More can be found in my book.


Shrunken space-­‐Nme means scapering shops

S. Chugg, R. Englung F. McMullen C. Prouse

Pedestrian shopping acNvates certain streets

Bicycling shopping acNvates a whole district


Bikes don’t poop and wee. Let them in shops


If we design shops and homes for bakfiets access…

Map Sansom.

…baby can sleep while dad shops.


Use gravity to slow bikes around shops and entries…

S. Chugg, R. Englung, F. McMullen, C. Prouse

…and increase their speed as they leave.

Hard to walk on yet easy to ride on


Ensure good sight-­‐lines around buildings

Rob Maver.


Textured paving provides pedestrian refuge

Rob Jetson


AestheNcize the fluid and leaning bike POV


Devise bike-­‐access typologies

The Velohome, Abdel Soudan, 2013


Spiralling maisonepe/commercial suite building.

The Velohome, Abdel Soudan, 2013


Bike access has revived the aerial street

8-­‐House, BIG, Copenhagen, 2010


Bikes part of holisNc approach to sustainable architecture.

Velocity, Bill Dunster from ZED Architecture


Create a fun workplace with bikes

Ride Around Office, Tim Stocklosa


Shade office walls and relieve lits using bike ramps

Jaime Jimenez, 2013


What to do now?

Karl Kullmann: Journal of Urban Design.

UWS New York

thelowline.org

Map your city’s various easements against every brownfield


Concentrate on easements that unlock the most land and ameniNes

Image Tom Hapon Newcastle Waterway Discovery Loop, Steven Fleming


Then call me!

I’ll be launching the concept of a Futurama in the age of the bike, on August 9 2013 at Rapha Cycle Club Sydney, as part of Design Sydney. Collaborators and sponsors sought now.


Thank you


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