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Mechanics of Pervasive Systems and Internet Computing in Terms of Classical Mechanics A. Victor Devadoss1, A.Navethini Divya2 Loyola College, Chennai 2 diviyourfriend@gmail.com Abstract The idea that technology is moving beyond the personal computer to everyday devices with embedded technology and connectivity as computing devices become progressively smaller and more powerful. Also called ubiquitous computing, pervasive computing is the result of computer technology advancing at exponential speeds .Pervasive systems and Internet computing are no more futuristic visions. The computing devices are used widely with the use of laptops and other handheld computers. But the increasing cost of the hardware devices suggests that the pervasive systems and internet computing will eliminate the usage of such costly hardware. The technical capability of the pervasive systems and internet computing makes use of a number of concepts in the field of Mechanics. As mechanics is useful in formulating new ideas and developing experimental and computational tools, this inspires new infrastructure based business models in the field of pervasive systems and internet computing. In this paper an effort has been made to make Pervasive systems and Internet computing as an embedded technology to become more powerful by using the principles Mechanics. Key words: Technology, Pervasive systems, Internet computing, Mechanics, Java application, Metacomputing, Communication Protocol, Wearable computers, Web Mining, Cloud computing, Tracking technology, Digital image, Social network, Mobile computing, Middleware, Telemedicine, Digital network. 1. Introduction The idea that technology is moving beyond the personal computer to everyday devices with embedded technology and connectivity as computing devices become progressively smaller and more powerful. Also called ubiquitous computing, pervasive computing is the result of computer technology advancing at exponential speeds -- a trend toward all manmade and some natural products having hardware and software. Pervasive computing goes beyond the realm of personal computers: it is the idea that almost any device, from clothing to tools to appliances to cars to homes to the human body to your coffee mug, can be imbedded with chips to connect the device to an infinite network of other devices. The goal of pervasive computing, which combines current network technologies with wireless computing, voice recognition, Internet capability and artificial intelligence, is to create an environment where the connectivity of devices is embedded in such a way that the International Journal of Business Intelligents (IJBI) www.ijbui.com
connectivity available.
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1.1.Mechanics is the branch of science concerned with the behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment. An effort has been made to combining two areas. But it is more difficult because these areas are each by themselves extremely challenging and strenuous areas to work in. Classical Mechanics – It describes the motion of bodies under the action of a system of forces. Rigid body motion – It studies the movement of systems of interconnected bodies under the action of external forces. Lagrange’s equations
( ̇
)=
Potential energy – It is the energy of an object or a system due to the position of the body or the arrangement of the particles of the system. 217
Indo-Bhutan International Conference On Gross National Happiness Pages: 217-220 Computational fluid dynamicsIt uses numerical methods and algorithms to solve and analyze problems that involve fluid flows.
2.Mechanics of Pervasive Systems and Internet Computing Interms of Classical Mechanics 2.1Java application and Mechanics Java applications use MATLAB functions to generate Java programs. Classical Mechanics with MATLAB applications is used in understanding the complex topics like rigid body motion, moving coordinate systems, Lagrange’s equations, small vibrations, Euler algorithm and so on. Java classes created with MATLAB Builder JA are run on all platforms supported by MATLAB and are endurable. Using the MATLAB Compiler Runtime (MCR) we can integrate Java classes into Java programs. 2.2 Grid based computing and Mechanics The grid based computing is loosely coupled, heterogeneous, and geographically dispersed. It is used in the treatment of backbone energetics in protein force field. Mechanics is greatly used in Grid based computing as the protein force fields describe the potential energy of the particles of the system. 2.3 Metacomputing and Mechanics Metacomputing is utilized for the research and development in the new emerging fields of internet and intranet. It is also used in different types of computing applications such as: industry, business management and HR management. The structured mechanics helps Metacomputing grids for safety of the environment. Metacomputing refinement of numerical methods for applied computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using high-performance computations (HPC) to study explosion processes in more detail. 2.4 Wearable computers and Mechanics Wearable computers, also known as bodyborne computers are miniature electronic International Journal of Business Intelligents (IJBI) www.ijbui.com
Vol 02, October 2013
devices that are worn by the bearer under, with or on top of clothing. Wearable technology, tech togs, or fashion electronics are clothing and accessories incorporating computer and advanced electronic technologies. The example of Wearable computers is E-textiles. Mechanics is used in E-textiles to a larger extent since Etextiles consists of conducting wires, integrated circuits, LEDs, and conventional batteries enclosed into garments 2.5Communication protocol and Mechanics A communications protocol is a system of digital message formats and rules for exchanging those messages in or between computing systems and in telecommunications. Communication Protocols includes signaling and authentication in case of error detection and correcting the important messages using communication channels. Each message transferred through communication systems has an exact meaning intended to provoke a defined response of the receiver. Mechanics is used in Communication protocol in the case of Quantum key distribution.Quantum key distribution uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. 2.6 Web Mining and Mechanics Web mining is the application of data mining techniques to discover patterns from the Web. Web usage mining is the process of extracting useful information from server logs i.e. user’s history. Web structure mining is the process of using graph theory to analyze the node and connection structure of a web site. 2.7 Cloud computing and Mechanics Cloud computing is the use of computing resources that are delivered as a service over a network .Researchers have succeeded in combining the power of quantum computing with the security of quantum cryptography and have shown that perfectly secure cloud computing can be achieved using 218
Indo-Bhutan International Conference On Gross National Happiness Pages: 217-220 the principles of quantum mechanics. They have performed an experimental demonstration of quantum computation in which the input, the data processing, and the output remain unknown to the quantum computer. 2.8 Tracking Technology and Mechanics Eye tracking is the process of measuring either the point of gaze or the motion of an eye relative to the head. There are a number of methods for measuring eye movement. Mostly we use video images from which the eye position is extracted. Other methods use search coils or are based on the electrooculogram. Mechanics is used in eye tracking devices; especially in electrooculography (EOG/E.O.G.) which is a technique for measuring the resting potential of the retina. 2.9 Digital Image and Mechanics A digital image is a numeric representation (normally binary) of a two-dimensional image. Depending on whether the image resolution is fixed, it may be of vector or raster type. The term "digital image" refers to raster images also called bitmap images. Raster images are raster graphics image, or bitmap, is a dot matrix data structure representing a generally, rectangular grid of pixels, or points of color. It is used in the application of digital image correlation to techniques to experimental mechanics. Optical measurements of macroscopic parameters such as strain and displacement are determined using classical mechanics. 2.10 Social Network and Mechanics A social network is a social structure made up of a set of actors (such as individuals or organizations) and the dyadic ties between these actors. The study of these structures uses social network analysis to identify local and global patterns, locate influential entities, and examine network dynamics. Various theoretical frameworks have been imported for the use of social network analysis. The most prominent of these are graph theory, balance theory, social comparison theory, and more International Journal of Business Intelligents (IJBI) www.ijbui.com
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recently, the social identity approach. For e.g.: Mechanics is used in cloud computing in the case of feynman graph. In feynman graph subatomic particles are the particles smaller than an atom. In the feynman graph, an electron and a positron annihilate, producing a photon that becomes a quarkantiquark pair. Then one radiates a gluon .Mechanics is also used in representing Feynman Diagram of ElectronPositron Annihilation. 2.11 Mobile computing and Mechanics Mobile computing is "taking a computer and all necessary files and software out into the field. Mobile computing is being able to use a computing device even when being mobile and therefore changing location. Portability is one aspect of mobile computing. Mobile computing includes mobile communication. In Mobile data communication, wireless data connections used in mobile computing take three general forms. Cellular data service uses technologies such as GSM, CDMA or GPRS, and more recently 3G networks such as WCDMA, EDGE or CDMA2000. In mobile computing, Mechanics is used in the research studies and innovative projects. The best example for this is the project titled, “GSM Based Motor Monitoring and Speed Control�. This Project is a very good example of embedded system as all its operations are controlled by intelligent software inside the microcontroller. The aim of this project is to control i.e. to ON/OFF and speed control of different motors, the electrical or electronic appliances connected to this system from anywhere in the world. For this purpose user can use any type of Mobile. 2.12 Middleware and Mechanics In its most general sense, middleware is computer software that provides services to software applications beyond those available from the operating system. Radiofrequency identification is a Middleware, in which Mechanics is used in radio219
Indo-Bhutan International Conference On Gross National Happiness Pages: 217-220 frequency electromagnetic fields. Radiofrequency identification (RFID) is the use of a wireless non-contact system that uses radiofrequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data from a tag attached to an object, for the purposes of automatic identification and tracking. 2.13 Telemedicine and Mechanics Telemedicine is possible only if the process of telecommunication is made available. Telecommunication is the science and practice of transmitting information by electromagnetic means. Telecommunication is possible only if the following factors are available: video input, video output, audio input, audio output, data transfer. These factors cannot function if the concept of mechanics is not used. 2.14 Digital network and Mechanics Digital electronics, or digital electronic circuits, represent signals by discrete bands
International Journal of Business Intelligents (IJBI) www.ijbui.com
Vol 02, October 2013
of analog levels, rather than by a continuous range. Mechanics is used in Digital electronic circuits, as they are usually made from large assemblies of logic gates, simple electronic representations of Boolean logic functions. 3. Acknowledgment I would like to acknowledge and extend my heartfelt gratitude to Dr. A. Victor Devadoss for his immense support and encouragement, A special thanks for the PG and Research Department of Mathematics for hosting the conference. And to God who made all things possible. 4. References [1] J.York, P.C. Pendharkar, "Human– computer interaction issues for mobile computing in a variable work context," Int. J. Human-Computer Studies 60 (2004) 771–797 [2] www.wikipedia.org [3] science@unsw (The University of New South Wales).
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