JAN 2019 International Journal of Innovative Technology and Creative Engineering (ISSN:2045-8711)

ISSN (ONLINE): 2045-8711 ISSN (PRINT) : 2045-869X INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

UK: Managing Editor International Journal of Innovative Technology and Creative Engineering 1a park lane, Cranford London TW59WA UK

USA: Editor International Journal of Innovative Technology and Creative Engineering Dr. Arumugam Department of Chemistry University of Georgia GA-30602, USA.

India: Editor International Journal of Innovative Technology & Creative Engineering 36/4 12th Avenue, 1st cross St, Vaigai Coliny Ashok Nagar Chennai , India 600083 Email: editor@ijitce.co.uk

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

IJITCE PUBLICATION

International Journal of Innovative Technology & Creative Engineering Vol.9 No.1 January 2019

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

From Editor's Desk Dear Researcher, Greetings!

Editorial team wishes Happy New Year for everyone.

The month of witnessed some of important events around the world.

NASA spacecraft reaches ultima Thule which is 4 billion miles away from earth. which is a win-win for NASA and the humans. Water found on an asteroid by OSIRIS-REx explorer. NASA's first asteroid sample return mission, OSIRIS-REx, reached the asteroid Bennu only a week ago, but it's already learning more about this time capsule from the early solar system.

A Chinese spacecraft Chang’e 4 spacecraft has gone to the dark side of the moon which is the only spacecraft that has gone to the dark side of the moon and it was launched by China National Space Administration (CNSA).

A Research article in this issue discusses about Audio Frequency Induction Loop System, Processing Techniques for Static Human Facial Emotion Recognition Thanks, Editorial Team IJITCE http://www.google.com/#q=%222045-8711%22 http://www.bing.com/search?q=%222045-8711%22 http://fr.search.yahoo.com/search;_ylc=X3oDMTFiN25laTRvBF9TAzIwMjM1MzgwNzUEaXRjAzEEc2VjA3NyY2hfc WEEc2xrA3NyY2h3ZWI-?p=%222045-8711%22

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

Editorial Members Dr. Chee Kyun Ng Ph.D Department of Computer and Communication Systems, Faculty of Engineering,Universiti Putra Malaysia,UPMSerdang, 43400 Selangor,Malaysia.

Dr. Simon SEE Ph.D Chief Technologist and Technical Director at Oracle Corporation, Associate Professor (Adjunct) at Nanyang Technological University Professor (Adjunct) at ShangaiJiaotong University, 27 West Coast Rise #08-12,Singapore 127470 Dr. sc.agr. Horst Juergen SCHWARTZ Ph.D, Humboldt-University of Berlin,Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture,Asternplatz 2a, D-12203 Berlin,Germany Dr. Marco L. BianchiniPh.D Italian National Research Council; IBAF-CNR,Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 MonterotondoScalo (RM),Italy Dr. NijadKabbaraPh.D Marine Research Centre / Remote Sensing Centre/ National Council for Scientific Research, P. O. Box: 189 Jounieh,Lebanon Dr. Aaron Solomon Ph.D Department of Computer Science, National Chi Nan University,No. 303, University Road,Puli Town, Nantou County 54561,Taiwan Dr. Arthanariee. A. M M.Sc.,M.Phil.,M.S.,Ph.D Director - Bharathidasan School of Computer Applications, Ellispettai, Erode, Tamil Nadu,India Dr. Takaharu KAMEOKA, Ph.D Professor, Laboratory of Food, Environmental & Cultural Informatics Division of Sustainable Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresources,Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan Dr. M. Sivakumar M.C.A.,ITIL.,PRINCE2.,ISTQB.,OCP.,ICP. Ph.D. Project Manager - Software,Applied Materials,1a park lane,cranford,UK Dr. Bulent AcmaPh.D Anadolu University, Department of Economics,Unit of Southeastern Anatolia Project(GAP),26470 Eskisehir,TURKEY Dr. SelvanathanArumugamPh.D Research Scientist, Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, GA-30602,USA. Dr. S.Prasath Ph.D Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Nandha Arts & Science College, Erode , Tamil Nadu, India

Review Board Members Dr. Paul Koltun Senior Research ScientistLCA and Industrial Ecology Group,Metallic& Ceramic Materials, CSIRO Process Science & Engineering Private Bag 33, Clayton South MDC 3169,Gate 5 Normanby Rd., Clayton Vic. 3168, Australia Dr. Zhiming Yang MD., Ph. D. Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Science,1550 Orleans Street Rm 441, Baltimore MD, 21231,USA Dr. Jifeng Wang Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA Dr. Giuseppe Baldacchini ENEA - Frascati Research Center, Via Enrico Fermi 45 - P.O. Box 65,00044 Frascati, Roma, ITALY. Dr. MutamedTurkiNayefKhatib Assistant Professor of Telecommunication Engineering,Head of Telecommunication Engineering Department,Palestine Technical Uni versity (Kadoorie), TulKarm, PALESTINE.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019 Dr.P.UmaMaheswari Prof &Head,Depaartment of CSE/IT, INFO Institute of Engineering,Coimbatore.

Dr. T. Christopher, Ph.D., Assistant Professor &Head,Department of Computer Science,Government Arts College(Autonomous),Udumalpet, India.

Dr. T. DEVI Ph.D. Engg. (Warwick, UK), Head,Department of Computer Applications,Bharathiar University,Coimbatore-641 046, India.

Dr. Renato J. orsato Professor at FGV-EAESP,Getulio Vargas Foundation,São Paulo Business School,RuaItapeva, 474 (8° andar),01332-000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil Visiting Scholar at INSEAD,INSEAD Social Innovation Centre,Boulevard de Constance,77305 Fontainebleau - France Y. BenalYurtlu Assist. Prof. OndokuzMayis University Dr.Sumeer Gul Assistant Professor,Department of Library and Information Science,University of Kashmir,India Dr. ChutimaBoonthum-Denecke, Ph.D Department of Computer Science,Science& Technology Bldg., Rm 120,Hampton University,Hampton, VA 23688 Dr. Renato J. Orsato Professor at FGV-EAESP,Getulio Vargas Foundation,São Paulo Business SchoolRuaItapeva, 474 (8° andar),01332-000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil Dr. Lucy M. Brown, Ph.D. Texas State University,601 University Drive,School of Journalism and Mass Communication,OM330B,San Marcos, TX 78666 JavadRobati Crop Production Departement,University of Maragheh,Golshahr,Maragheh,Iran VineshSukumar (PhD, MBA) Product Engineering Segment Manager, Imaging Products, Aptina Imaging Inc. Dr. Binod Kumar PhD(CS), M.Phil.(CS), MIAENG,MIEEE HOD & Associate Professor, IT Dept, Medi-Caps Inst. of Science & Tech.(MIST),Indore, India Dr. S. B. Warkad Associate Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Priyadarshini College of Engineering, Nagpur, India Dr. doc. Ing. RostislavChoteborský, Ph.D. Katedramateriálu a strojírenskétechnologieTechnickáfakulta,Ceskázemedelskáuniverzita v Praze,Kamýcká 129, Praha 6, 165 21 Dr. Paul Koltun Senior Research ScientistLCA and Industrial Ecology Group,Metallic& Ceramic Materials,CSIRO Process Science & Engineering Pri vate Bag 33, Clayton South MDC 3169,Gate 5 Normanby Rd., Clayton Vic. 3168 DR.ChutimaBoonthum-Denecke, Ph.D Department of Computer Science,Science& Technology Bldg.,HamptonUniversity,Hampton, VA 23688 Mr. Abhishek Taneja B.sc(Electronics),M.B.E,M.C.A.,M.Phil., Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science & Applications, at Dronacharya Institute of Management and Technology, Kurukshetra. (India).

Dr. Ing. RostislavChotěborský,ph.d, Katedramateriálu a strojírenskétechnologie, Technickáfakulta,Českázemědělskáuniverzita v Praze,Kamýcká 129, Praha 6, 165 21

Dr. AmalaVijayaSelvi Rajan, B.sc,Ph.d, Faculty – Information Technology Dubai Women’s College – Higher Colleges of Technology,P.O. Box – 16062, Dubai, UAE

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019 Naik Nitin AshokraoB.sc,M.Sc Lecturer in YeshwantMahavidyalayaNanded University Dr.A.Kathirvell, B.E, M.E, Ph.D,MISTE, MIACSIT, MENGG Professor - Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Tagore Engineering College, Chennai Dr. H. S. Fadewar B.sc,M.sc,M.Phil.,ph.d,PGDBM,B.Ed. Associate Professor - Sinhgad Institute of Management & Computer Application, Mumbai-BangloreWesternly Express Way Narhe, Pune - 41 Dr. David Batten Leader, Algal Pre-Feasibility Study,Transport Technologies and Sustainable Fuels,CSIRO Energy Transformed Flagship Private Bag 1,Aspendale, Vic. 3195,AUSTRALIA Dr R C Panda (MTech& PhD(IITM);Ex-Faculty (Curtin Univ Tech, Perth, Australia))Scientist CLRI (CSIR), Adyar, Chennai - 600 020,India Miss Jing He PH.D. Candidate of Georgia State University,1450 Willow Lake Dr. NE,Atlanta, GA, 30329 Jeremiah Neubert Assistant Professor,MechanicalEngineering,University of North Dakota Hui Shen Mechanical Engineering Dept,Ohio Northern Univ.

Dr. Xiangfa Wu, Ph.D. Assistant Professor / Mechanical Engineering,NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY SeraphinChallyAbou Professor,Mechanical& Industrial Engineering Depart,MEHS Program, 235 Voss-Kovach Hall,1305 OrdeanCourt,Duluth, Minnesota 55812-3042 Dr. Qiang Cheng, Ph.D. Assistant Professor,Computer Science Department Southern Illinois University CarbondaleFaner Hall, Room 2140 -Mail Code 45111000 Faner Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901 Dr. Carlos Barrios, PhD Assistant Professor of Architecture,School of Architecture and Planning,The Catholic University of America Y. BenalYurtlu Assist. Prof. OndokuzMayis University Dr. Lucy M. Brown, Ph.D. Texas State University,601 University Drive,School of Journalism and Mass Communication,OM330B,San Marcos, TX 78666 Dr. Paul Koltun Senior Research ScientistLCA and Industrial Ecology Group,Metallic& Ceramic Materials CSIRO Process Science & Engineering Dr.Sumeer Gul Assistant Professor,Department of Library and Information Science,University of Kashmir,India Dr. ChutimaBoonthum-Denecke, Ph.D Department of Computer Science,Science& Technology Bldg., Rm 120,Hampton University,Hampton, VA 23688

Dr. Renato J. Orsato Professor at FGV-EAESP,Getulio Vargas Foundation,São Paulo Business School,RuaItapeva, 474 (8° andar)01332-000, São Paulo (SP), Brazil Dr. Wael M. G. Ibrahim Department Head-Electronics Engineering Technology Dept.School of Engineering Technology ECPI College of Technology 5501 Greenwich Road - Suite 100,Virginia Beach, VA 23462

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019 Dr. Messaoud Jake Bahoura Associate Professor-Engineering Department and Center for Materials Research Norfolk State University,700 Park avenue,Norfolk, VA 23504 Dr. V. P. Eswaramurthy M.C.A., M.Phil., Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Government Arts College(Autonomous), Salem-636 007, India.

Dr. P. Kamakkannan,M.C.A., Ph.D ., Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Government Arts College(Autonomous), Salem-636 007, India.

Dr. V. Karthikeyani Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Computer Science, Government Arts College(Autonomous), Salem-636 008, India.

Dr. K. Thangadurai Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Government Arts College ( Autonomous ), Karur - 639 005,India.

Dr. N. Maheswari Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of MCA, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM University, Kattangulathur, Kanchipiram Dt - 603 203, India.

Mr. Md. Musfique Anwar B.Sc(Engg.)

Lecturer, Computer Science & Engineering Department, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Mrs. Smitha Ramachandran M.Sc(CS)., SAP Analyst, Akzonobel, Slough, United Kingdom.

Dr. V. Vallimayil Ph.D., Director, Department of MCA, Vivekanandha Business School For Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode - 637 205, India.

Mr. M. Moorthi M.C.A., M.Phil., Assistant Professor, Department of computer Applications, Kongu Arts and Science College, India PremaSelvarajBsc,M.C.A,M.Phil Assistant Professor,Department of Computer Science,KSR College of Arts and Science, Tiruchengode Mr. G. Rajendran M.C.A., M.Phil., N.E.T., PGDBM., PGDBF., Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Government Arts College, Salem, India.

Dr. Pradeep H Pendse B.E.,M.M.S.,Ph.d Dean - IT,Welingkar Institute of Management Development and Research, Mumbai, India Muhammad Javed Centre for Next Generation Localisation, School of Computing, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland Dr. G. GOBI Assistant Professor-Department of Physics,Government Arts College,Salem - 636 007 Dr.S.Senthilkumar Post Doctoral Research Fellow, (Mathematics and Computer Science & Applications),UniversitiSainsMalaysia,School of Mathematic al Sciences, Pulau Pinang-11800,[PENANG],MALAYSIA. Manoj Sharma Associate Professor Deptt. of ECE, PrannathParnami Institute of Management & Technology, Hissar, Haryana, India RAMKUMAR JAGANATHAN Asst-Professor,Dept of Computer Science, V.L.B Janakiammal college of Arts & Science, Coimbatore,Tamilnadu, India Dr. S. B. Warkad Assoc. Professor, Priyadarshini College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra State, India Dr. Saurabh Pal Associate Professor, UNS Institute of Engg. & Tech., VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, India Manimala Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Electronics and Instrumentation, St Joseph’s College of Engineering & Technology, Choondacherry Post, Kottayam Dt. Kerala -686579 Dr. Qazi S. M. Zia-ul-Haque Control Engineer Synchrotron-light for Experimental Sciences and Applications in the Middle East (SESAME),P. O. Box 7, Allan 19252, Jordan

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Dr. A. Subramani, M.C.A.,M.Phil.,Ph.D. Professor,Department of Computer Applications, K.S.R. College of Engineering, Tiruchengode - 637215 Dr. SeraphinChallyAbou Professor, Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Depart. MEHS Program, 235 Voss-Kovach Hall, 1305 Ordean Court Duluth, Minnesota 558123042 Dr. K. Kousalya Professor, Department of CSE,Kongu Engineering College,Perundurai-638 052 Dr. (Mrs.) R. Uma Rani Asso.Prof., Department of Computer Science, Sri Sarada College For Women, Salem-16, Tamil Nadu, India.

MOHAMMAD YAZDANI-ASRAMI Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Babol"Noshirvani" University of Technology, Iran.

Dr. Kulasekharan, N, Ph.D Technical Lead - CFD,GE Appliances and Lighting, GE India,John F Welch Technology Center,Plot # 122, EPIP, Phase 2,Whitefield Road,Bangalore – 560066, India.

Dr. Manjeet Bansal Dean (Post Graduate),Department of Civil Engineering,Punjab Technical University,GianiZail Singh Campus,Bathinda -151001 (Punjab),INDIA Dr. Oliver Jukić Vice Dean for education,Virovitica College,MatijeGupca 78,33000 Virovitica, Croatia Dr. Lori A. Wolff, Ph.D., J.D. Professor of Leadership and Counselor Education,The University of Mississippi,Department of Leadership and Counselor Education, 139 Guyton University, MS 38677 Mr. V.N. Prem Anand P.Eng (UK) FSPE, MBCS (UK), FInstCPD (UK), MIEEE (USA), MIITP (NZ), FIoD (India) Regional Coordinator - Publication Dr.T.Narayanasamy.,ME.,MSc.,MBA.,Ph.D., Regional Journal Ambassador

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

Contents Statue of Unity - World tallest statues

…….……….…..…………..…..[588]

DevOps Dojo: Kubernetes - The First in Chicago

…….…………..…………..…..[593]

Faculty Development Programme On “Shaping Your Personality ….………………..…..[595] Digital Disruption and Transformation Summit 2018 (DT3) ……….….………………..…..[597] Conference ……….….………………..…..[598]

Digital Transformation

AUDIO FREQUENCY INDUCTION LOOP SYSTEM (AFILS) FOR ORIENTATION AND MOBILITY ……….….………………..…..[599]

A Survey on Pre Processing Techniques for Static Human Facial Emotion Recognition……….……………..…..[613]

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

Statue of Unity World tallest statues

By Dr.T.Narayanasamy.,ME.,MSc.,MBA.,Ph.D.,

Government of India , headed by Sri Narandra Modi , Prime Minister of India, unveiled the "Statue of Unity" On the day of October 31st, 2018, which has been labeled the tallest statue in the world with a mesmerizing total height of 240M out of which base 58M (190ft) and Statue 182 meters (597 ft) in respect of honor to the greatest statesman ,Freedom fighter , Social revolutioner and states unifier, a tribute and great respect to Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel (1875 - 1950) , one of the most prominent leaders of the Indian Independence movement and responsible for the unification of 562 princely states to form the morden political boundary of India. who was considered to be one of the greatest pillars in the era of Indian politics.

The nation pays tribute to greatest hero and in respect of honor to him an iconic statue was revealed on the 143rd birth anniversary of Sardar Patel and the sculpture located at Vadodra city and stands tall as an iconic monument in the state of Gujarat state.

Apparently, the statue is built and installed in such a way that it faces the Sardar Sarovar dam on the Narmada river.

for the public on the 31st day of the October '2018.

The statue was designed by Sri.Ram V Sutar who is a renowned Indian Sculptor and also has been awarded a Padma Bhusan and the entire sculpture project turnkey task was given to Larsen and Toubro group , a pioneer (EPC) engineering ,procurement construction company which has taken within the time span by applying innovative construction "State of the Art technology" . The site development was wonderfully designed with various contours and unbelievable artificial lake was built integrating with flower garden and greeneries which has been created around the "Statue of Unity" with beautiful multi colors of yard & water lightings and hydro sprinklers with modern technology attracting the tourist all over the world.

The construction period has taken almost 4 years to complete the Statue of Unity by the Indian leading engineering and construction company (L&T) Larsen and Toubro group and the construction progress was monitored from the first day of its construction activities by the Prime minister personally and the Indian Prime Minister, Mr. Narendra Modi was inaugurated the sculpture and it was finally, put on display

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Amidst, lot of twists and turns and innumerable technical and practical issues which were troubling in the making of the Statue of Unity. A lot of public contribution was made by the Gujarat people for the completion of this project.

Here’s the whole story about how the idea came into existence that led to the raising of the tallest statue in the world.

High Lights of Statute of Unity :Total Height of the 240Mtrs (182M statue Statue +58M Base) Cost of Statue Rs 2,989 Cr Entry ticket & Rs.120 Adults and timing Rs.60 Kids.

Timing 9.00am to 6 .00pm Sardar Born 31 October 1875 City of Nadiad Bombay Sardar Died 15th December 1950 ( Heart Attack) Spouse Smt. Jhaverbaben Patel Office Dy Prime Minister 1945 to 1950 Political Party Indian National Congress Profession Barrister, Politician, Activist, Freedom Fighter Awards Bharat Ratna (1991) The creation of sculpture sparking in the minds of Sri. Narendra modi during his Chief ministership tenure and declared to the press conference on October 7th ' 2010 that he would dedicate and build a worlds tallest statute for honoring a greatest social revolutionist and statesman Sri. Sardar Vallabhai Patel on 10th year anniversary celebration of Chief Minister.

The plan was titled as “Gujarat’s tribute to the nation“. Gujarat government also founded a special trust known as Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Rashtriya Ekta Trust (SVPRET) that was responsible for the completion of the statue.

Later, the state government initiated a movement for the Statue of Unity, asking the farmers to donate their old and used-up farming tools, in order to compensate for the iron needed to build the sculpture.

The movement was a huge success. Soon enough, more than 5000 tons of iron was raised as a contribution to the project. Nonetheless, the collected iron was used in making the other segments of the project rather than being used in the statue itself.

Not only that, Suraaj petition was started to support the project. It was signed by a whopping number of 20 million people which made it the world’s largest petition till today. Eventually, the construction officially started on 31 October 2013.

A great scholars, scientist and all intellectuals having been blown of mind-storming and bending research and studies, the esteemed historians , artist and academics were convinced by the design presented by Ram Sutar. Basically, it is the magnified version of the statue of Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel which is

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

already placed at the Ahmedabad International Airport.

As mentioned above, Sardar Patel was responsible for unification of princely states and played a major role in the consolidation of 554 princely states of India. The unification forms what is known as the modern political boundary of the country today.

Sardahar Patel contributed and dedicated unbelievable, tremendous efforts and hard works and services to the success of the Indian independence movement and later emerged as one of the founding fathers of the Republic of India. Evidently, Sardar Patel earned an image of a noble, kind, and ironwilled leader.

It was made sure that his sculpture did justice to the leader’s personality by reflecting all these qualities and emotions present in him.

The Statue of unity total height measured from the base 240M (790ft) inwhich the height of the base alone measured the dimension of 58M (190ft) and the actual height of the statue alone measured the right dimension of 182M (597 ft) which stans as the tallest statue of the world which is greater than Statue of Liberty and Budha statue of china.

The government has floated a tender and received various competitive bidders quotes and after thourough scrutiny and qualification norms financial bidding was opened Finally this sculpture project was awarded to a biggest multi-national firms in India and this construction company which is known as L&T Larson and Toubro group and it is considered to be a paramount company in the filed of

construction works which is doing a turnover of 25000 Crores in India and abroad. After having several techno commercial discussions with L&T group , finally ,the government of Gujarat had decided and construction contract agreement for the value of Rs.2,989 crores (US $ 420) was signed with L&T along with separate maintenance contract was signed for the value Rs.13.47 Billion for which L&T is responsible for design and construction and performance of the statue of unity till the contract period is completed.

In addition to the above contracts, maintenance of the exhibition hall and convention center for the contract value of RS ₹2.35 billion. While the ₹830 million were allocated for the bridge for connecting the memorial to the mainland. As for the maintenance, ₹6.57 billion were assigned for the preservation of the structure for 15 years post-completion.

As the sculpture was developed on a publicprivate partnership model, the state government of Gujarat had arranged for most of the finances. A total of ₹6 billion (US$84 million) was granted for the Statue of Unity project in the 2012-2015 budget.

The union budget of the year 2014-15 assigned an amount of ₹2 billion (US$28 million) for the construction of the sculpture. Under the scheme of Corporate Social Responsibility, the PSUs ( Public sector units) also contributed to make-up for the rest of the funds. The major PSUs are from the oil and natural gas sector with big names such as Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGL), Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOL), Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BHPL), Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited HPCL) , and Oil India Limited (IOL).

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

Needless to mention that a non-monetary contribution was made by the Indian farmers in the form of the 5000 tonnes of iron which was supposed to be consumed in the making of the Statue of Unity.

Project Management Consultancy ( PMC) services where given to the three leading consulting firms namely a) Turner Construction, b) Michael Graves and Associates, and c) Meinhardt Group to monitor the respective progress of the works and resolving the site issues , drawing approvals with regard to the design , technology and practical and implementation including clearing of right of way, so as the complete the project within the stipulated period of time.

While the total estimated fund needed was somewhere around â‚š20.63 billion (US$290 million), the planning and execution of the project took its own time. The statue of Unity was planned and designed in 15 months.

Building up the whole sculpture consumed another 40 months. In the end, the consortium handed over the finished product to the government in the next two months.

The first stone of the statue was laid by the then Chief Minister of Gujarat, Narendra Modi. It was done on 31 October 2013 which was the 138th birth anniversary of Sardar Patel. Larsen and Toubro grabbed the deal and started the construction a year later on the same day, i.e.

31st October 2014.

More than 3000 employees and 250 engineers were involved in the entire project. The raw materials used in the core of the statue

expended around 210,000 cubic meters (7,400,000 cu ft) of cement concrete, 6500 tonnes of structural steel, and 18500 tonnes of reinforced steel.

The bronze cladding cast was made in China. It used up at least 1700 tonnes of bronze plates and 1850 tonnes of bronze cladding which was constituted of 565 macro and 6000 micro panels.

It has a lot of special facts and features and the Statue of Unity has its inbuilt special and unique features in many ways. Apart from being the tallest statue in the world, following facts and features that make it so unique, are listed below.

First and foremost , the Statue of Unity is the tallest statue in the world with a height of 182 meters (597 ft).

Statue of Unity stands first rank and it overcomes and breaks the world record of the other internationally leading monuments including the Spring Temple Buddha, the Statue of Liberty, The Motherland Calls, The Christ The Redeemer, and the Statue of David.

In the beginning , India was having a tallest monument of statue of "Hanuman" with a height of 41M (135 ft) which is located at at the Paritala Anjaneya Temple near Vijayawada, in Andhra Pradesh and this record was broken by installing the statue of Unity which is 4.5 times taller than the monument statue of "Hanuman" Statue of Unity ,which is built on an island called Sadhu Bet. A beautiful hall road was built with flowers and greeneries on either side for a length f 3.2 KM away from the Narmada Dam downstream. The total extent of area covered by the statue itself and its remaining parts is more than 2 hectares (4.9 acres).

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A wonderful site development with different wonderful contours beautiful land scalping and planting flowers and greeneries with attractive lawns and an artificial lake has been created around the statue. The lake is around 12 km long. It was conceived by the low Garudeshwar dam downstream on the Narmada river.

Unit of statue has divided with 5 total zones in which the public and tourist were allowed to move around the statue only to the 3 zones and rest are monitored by the trust .

Zone 1 begins from the base and extends to the shins of Patel. It is again separated into three sub-zones. This segment includes an exhibition area, mezzanine, roof, a memorial garden, and a museum.The visitors can explore the life and contributions of Sardar Patel while wandering through the museum. A 15-minute presentation is made to display the cultures and customs of the tribal communities of Gujarat.

Zone 2 stretches up to Patel’s thighs whereas the Zone 3 reaches up to the viewing gallery.

Zone 4 is the maintenance area and Zone 5 covers the head and shoulders.

We are very well proved that Indian Engineers, architects and technicians are very competitive enough and far better than the world engineering talents with adoption of the "state of art technology" by the establishment of installing and erecting the iconic monument statue of Unity and we account the following merits to validate it.

Our engineers designed the unique iconic statue of unity to withstand the wind velocity

speed of 130 KMH kilometrs/hr ( 81 mph ) and can withstand the earth quakes measuring upto 6.5 on the Richter scale.

This has been made possible by putting two 250-tonne tuned mass dampers to use and providing the statue with a maximum stability.

Heavy duty elevators 2.5MT two No. erected on each leg of the statue and each elevator can lift as many as 26 people at a time. The lift takes the visitors to the viewing gallery in less than a minute.

The statue is supposed to stay as it is for around 1000 years. That means it would be first such tourist attraction in India which would keep growing the national income for at least 10 centuries. It is certainly the ‘Pride of Nation’. An iconinc monument Statue of unity will catch the eight place of wonders of the world for its meritorious design and technology.

The Statue of Unity has indeed been successful in attracting and stealing the hearts of all humans globally. The sculpture is a symbol of the growing economic strength of India. On the other hand, it also showcases the crafting skills of Indian engineers.

In the coming days, the statue would eventually turn into the biggest center of attraction and flourish the tourism business in the country. The whole designing, constructing, and maintenance requirements have also created enormous job opportunities for a large number of people.

Thus, on a larger level, the Statue of Unity has certainly emerged as the ‘Pride of the Nation’ for more than one reasons

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DevOps Dojo: Kubernetes - The First in Chicago Hosted by Renan D. and Sanjar D. Slalom Consulting, 180 N Stetson Ave Ste 5300, Chicago thrilled a new series of events in Chicago started on Thursday, December 6, 2018 called DevOps Dojo! The idea is to provide training to IT professionals and students that want to expand their knowledge in DevOps technologies, such as Docker, Terraform, Ansible, Spinnaker, Consul etc. If you're searching for a place to practice your skills, come and join us!

What is DevOps Dojo?

DevOps Dojo is an event that allows you to increase your DevOps skills by practising, rather than listening. You will be given a challenge and a set of infrastructure resources, and you will have to work in teams to solve the challenge with the support of the organizers. This is not a Hackathon and there will be no winners or prizes. DevOps Dojo is purely focused on building up skills and networking. By the end of each event, you should be very familiar with the topics covered in the challenge.

Each edition will explore one or more technologies. For example, Cloud infrastructure management and automation, scripting, continuous integration and deployment, Serverless architectures, system administration etc.

What is the first Dojo about? What will I learn?

In the first Dojo, we will focus on deploying an application to Kubernetes. You will be given an application composed of several microservices and you will have to develop all the definition files needed to deploy this app to Kubernetes, making it accessible through the Internet and complying with a few technical requirements.

The challenge will cover several topics of the new Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD) exam that has just been announced at KubeCon Europe 2018. This will be a fantastic exercise! Trust us!

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What is the first Dojo about? What will I learn?

In the first Dojo, we will focus on deploying an application to Kubernetes. You will be given an application composed of several microservices and you will have to develop all the definition files needed to deploy this app to Kubernetes, making it accessible through the Internet and complying with a few technical requirements.

The challenge will cover several topics of the new Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD) exam that has just been announced at KubeCon Europe 2018. This will be a fantastic exercise! Trust us!

Attendees are very excited and thanked organizers for such an event.

This kind of events are very much required to learn recent technologies movement in the market place.

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INTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE CELL ( I.Q.A.C. ) FACULTY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME On “SHAPING YOUR PERSONALITY” Nandha Arts and Science College, Erode. Faculty Development Programme - 12.11.2018 to 17.11.2018 The inaugural of the Faculty Development Programme on 12.11.2018 was geared up with a prayer song and lighting the lamp by Thirumati.

S.Banumati Shanmugan, Trustee, Sri Nandha Educational Trust. The function was presided over

by Thiru.V.Shanmugan, Chairman, Sri Nandha Educational Trust. Dr.M.Gopalakrishnan, Principal of Nandha Arts and Science College has delivered the welcome address.

Dr.S.P.Vishwanathan, Advisor, Dr.S.Arumugam CEO, Nandha Educational Institutions, Thiru.

S.NandhaKumar Pradeep, Secretary, Sri Nandha Educational Trust and Thiru.S.Thirumoorthi, Secretary, Nandha Educational Institutions, Erode are felicitated the function.

On the first day of the Programme, Mr.P.Dhiyaneswaran, A to Z Computech, Erode has delivered a special address on “Work Life Balancing”. In his speech, he insisted that everyone should try to have a perfect work life balance by giving enough time for everything, and everything done in time. He explained about stress management very clearly by doing some brain activities.

On the second day, Mr.Tyron Davey, Spoken English, Coimbatore has expressed a thought provoking speech on “Spoken Communication”. He said that communication skill is primary for the academic success and career prospects. He advised that reading is a good exercise to develop the communication. He gave a lot of pedagogical methods to the teachers to improve their linguistic skills.

The chief guest of the third day programme was Dr.P.Raajan, ROLCA, Nagerkovil enthralled the chamber with the topic “Dignity, Duties and Responsibilities of our Noble Profession”. He inspired the faculty members with his practical application of psychological aspects on students.

He informed the faculty members to urge the mind of the students. His session was interactive and thought provoking.

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On the fourth day of the programme, the chief guest was Ms.T.N.Lakshmi Devi, Psychiatrist, Salem who handled the session on the topic “An interactive session to be Inspiring Lecture via NLP”. She discussed about the importance of Neuro Linguistic Programming and to understand the significance of the psychology of the students. She explained about their expectation, thinking patterns and learning styles practically. She insisted the value of verbal, paralinguistic and body languages of communication.

He said that everyone must be committed in the role of teaching and the teachers must make the students to shine in their life. He insisted that the significance of reading to choose the choice of words for good communication. He inspired the faculty members to move towards excellence in their career as well as in their personal life.

Dr.T.Mallika, Principal of Vellalar College of Education, who chaired the afternoon session. She explained about the “Blooms Taxonomy and Teaching Learning Methods”. She insisted the importance of cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains of the Blooms Taxonomy. She emphasized that the teachers have to specify the instructional objectives as well as the methodologies that can be applied in a classroom. She said that it is very prominent to align and synthesize the learning process of the students. In this programme, more than 40 faculty members were actively participated.

The forenoon session of fifth day was carried over

by Dr.N.Ganesan, Former Principal, Texcity Arts and Science College, Coimbatore. He delivered a wonderful lecture on the topic “Towards Excellence”.

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Digital Disruption and Transformation Summit 2018 (DT3) Conference and Exhibition on Impact of Technology in various industries & discussion on opportunities, Skilling “Theme “Digital Rumpus: Perish or Prosper” Dec 13, 2018 – Hotel ITC Grand Chola, Chennai FICCI TNSC with support from Government of Tamil Nadu is organized its 3 Edition of Digital Disruption and Transformation Conference (also known at DT3), the 3rd annual flagship event of FICCI under the theme of “Digital Rumpus – Perish or Prosper” on 13th December 2018 at Hotel ITC Grand Chola, Chennai with nearly 300 people participating as delegates, sponsors, exhibitors, exhibition visitors and speakers with an exhibition covering stalls / exhibitors etc.

The conference saw many senior executives, key decision makers, senior officials from Govt and Industry, Consultants, Practitioners, Middle management, Technologists, Cyber Security experts, Domain experts from various industries including BFSI, Manufacturing, Automotive, ICT and also will have many features like CXO Connect, B2B Connect, FICCI Money, Prediction Markets, Quiz etc. Reputed International Journal called “IJITCE” of UK had consented to be the Journal Partner for this conference and agreed to publish some important & relevant papers getting published around the theme.

4. Impact to various industries including BFSI, Gas, Power, Manufacturing, Automotive, Media, Education, Retail, E-commerce etc 5. Cyber Security, Cashless Economy 6. Skilling and Talent Needs 7. Huge Opportunities with Digital

rd

It was an excellent opportunity for many to get connected and network with right kind of members and enhance their business opportunities. In fact close to 17 partner organizations were featured this time and helped sponsors reach thousands of people in Chennai and across other districts.

Key discussion items included: 1. Disruptive Technologies and Trends 2. Agile and Automation, BOTS, RPA, AI/ML/DL, Industry 4.0, Analytics and IOT 3. Smart Cities, Smarter Organizations 597

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Digital Transformation

By Premanand Narasimhan FIET, MBCS(UK), MIEEE, Fellow IOD(Ind) , MIITP(NZ) Digital transformation is the integration of digital technology into all areas of a business, fundamentally changing how you operate and deliver value to customers. It's also a cultural change that requires organizations to continually challenge the status quo, experiment, and learn comfortable with failure.

Businesses don't transform by choice because it is expensive and risky. Businesses go through transformation when it is required. The question when does it happen arises here. When any business that is functioning successfully suddenly finds a dip, it is forced to evolve.

Evolution is triggered by change that happens sometimes naturally as in the case of adoption to new technologies or planned and executed by futuristic thinking and strategic propositions.

demands, there are a few constants and common themes among existing case studies and published frameworks that all business and technology leaders should consider as they embark on digital transformation.

Digital transformation elements are : ● Customer experience ● Operational agility ● Culture and leadership ● Workforce enablement ● Digital technology integration Although IT will play an important role in driving digital transformation strategy, the work of implementing and adapting to the massive changes that go along with digital transformation falls to stake holder.For this reason, digital transformation is a people issue.

A business may take on digital transformation for several reasons. But by far, the most likely reason is that they have to: It's a survival of the fittest. Technology drives every business today.

Companies that want to succeed must understand how to merge technology with strategy.

Although IT will play an important role in driving digital transformation strategy, the work of implementing and adapting to the massive changes that go along with digital transformation falls to everyone. For this reason, digital transformation is a people issue.

IT leaders find themselves working in crossCapital funding is an important one as business functional teams more than ever. Digital executives come to recognize digital transformation initiatives often reshape transformation as a long-term investment. workgroups, job titles, and longtime business As of 2018, advanced analytics is the number- processes. one digital investment – with enterprises planning to increase related deployments by 75 The best way to start Digital transformation in percent during the next 12 to 18 months. This any company is to engage with experts and includes a particular emphasis on data peers who have experienced and tasted visualization tools and machine learning. success. Then introduce the process modularly of course learning from mistakes and correcting Although digital transformation will vary widely them. based on organization's specific challenges and 598

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AUDIO FREQUENCY INDUCTION LOOP SYSTEM (AFILS) FOR ORIENTATION AND MOBILITY Subodh Subedi Master of Science University of North Dakota, College of Engineering and Mines Mechanical Engineering, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA subodh.subedi@und.edu Marcellin Zahui Associate Professor University of North Dakota, College of Engineering and Mines Mechanical Engineering, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA marcellin.zahui@engr.und.edu

Abstract — This article investigates the use

any input signal to the loop driver to which

of audio loop for mobility and orientation to

it is attached. These signals can be picked

help individuals with vision loss navigate

up

streets, parks, and other public venues. The

communication or guide. The nature and

proposed Audio Frequency Induction Loop

reliability of the electromagnetic signals are

System for Orientation and Mobility (AFILS-

clearly demonstrated in our laboratory

OM) is a comprehensive technology to

experiments and computer simulations.

assist visually impaired individuals when

This paper presents the feasibility concept

crossing a street at a street crossing or

of AFILS-OM and the supporting results

intersection. It can also be used in public

from

venues such as airports. AFILS-OM is

simulations.

with

a

telecoil

measurements

and

used

and

for

computer

composed of a communication loop (CLoop) used for speech communication and

Keywords:

Visual

Impairment,

Hearing

a guide loop (G-Loop) to guide through

Loop, Orientation and Mobility, Blindness,

street crossings or park trails using a cane

Street crossing.

equipped with a telecoil (T-Cane). The audio loop is achieved with electric wire or wires configured in a loop which can be concealed in concrete, pavement, building walls, under carpet,

or

inside

ceilings.

The

loop

replicates in form of electromagnetic waves 599

I. INTRODUCTION

This Blind and low vision individuals face major challenges when traveling in unfamiliar environments because of the lack of preview, knowledge of the environment, and access to www.ijitce.co.uk

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

reliable orientation information. As a result,

to the nature of the obstacle making it suitable

visually impaired people are less engaged in

for persons who are blind and persons who are

travel and activities outside their homes or

deaf

restricted community. They are frequently less

supplemented

engaged

detection eye glasses. The glasses are like

in

society

which

affects

their

blind.

The

laser

with

cane

ultrasonic

is

often

obstacle

productivity, employment, leisure and self- spectacles and vibrate near a potential hazard maintenance activities (Marston & Golledge,

at head and chest height. The vibration

2003) [1] and (Walker & Lindsay, 2006) [2].

gradually increases in

Therefore, to support their ability to freely travel

distance to the obstacle decreases, down to a

and interact with their general environment,

distance of 0.7 meters (2 feet) when the

visually impaired individuals rely on assistance

vibration becomes continuous. Since, other

from sighted guides, white canes, or dog

types of cane have been developed such as the

guides; but also on the use of technology.

one described by Rizzo (Rizzo et al., 2017) [7].

Advances

in

assistive

technologies

frequency as the

for

mobility and orientation are increasingly helping

A more promising technology is the OrCam.

those with visual impairment in their daily

According to the manufacturer website (OrCam,

activities to facilitate mobility, independence,

2018) [8], “OrCam harnesses the power of

and safety (Bahadira, Koncara, & Kalaoglub) [3]

artificial vision to compensate for lost visual

and (Cheng, 2016) [4]. Developers of assistive

abilities. OrCam is a sensor that sees what is in

technologies for wayfinding have made several

front of you, understands what information you

electronic devices such as personal GPS units,

seek and provides it to you through a bone-

ultrasonic mobility devices, and Bluetooth

conduction earpiece. OrCam understands what

mobility and orientation systems to enhance the

you want on its own, whether it’s to read, find an

traveling experience of persons who are blind

item, catch a bus or cross the road. Faces and

(Shioyama & Shorif, 2004) [5]. Most of these

places are recognized continuously. OrCam will

devices are meant to be used in conjunction

tell you when it sees a face or a place it

with other mobility aids. An example of such

recognizes, without you having to do anything”.

mobility aids is the Laser Cane (Benjamin,

Similar technology, such as Argus II is a retinal

1973) [6] which uses invisible laser beams to

prosthesis.

detect obstacles, drop offs, and similar hazards

electrodes to the eye retinal receive signals

in the surroundings. Once the cane detects the

from a pair of glasses with a video camera worn

obstacle or drop off using the laser beams, it

by the patient. The camera captures video

produces a vibration or an audio signal specific

footage and transmits the images as series of

600

Surgically

attached

array

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electrical pulses to the eye that the brain then

Mobility (O&M) expert to provide a simple and

perceives as visual images. The result is not a

cost effective way to assist visually impaired

normal vision per se. But patients who were

pedestrians navigate traffic intersections. These

unable to see anything before using the Argus

guidelines were proposed by Dona Sauerburger

II are able to detect shapes and pick up contrast

(Sauerburger, 2005) [12] and were meant for

between light and dark.

O&M specialists and their students to overcome the challenges of street crossings. The author

Many

other

technologies

being

identified risks based on the type of intersection

investigated as described by Bengisu’s review

and proposed guidelines for crossing. These

of assistive products in Turkey (Bengisu, 2010)

are a) Strategies for intersections with traffic

[9] and the electronic bracelet proposed by

signals, b) Strategies for crossing streets with

Bhatlawande

stop signs, c) Strategies at uncontrolled

(Bhatlawande,

are

2014)

[10].

Universities and companies like IBM, Microsoft,

crossings.

Toyota (La Monica, 2016) [11], and Baidu are working on technologies ranging from smart

After several decades into the technology

glasses to better computer-vision software that

revolution, the cane remains one of the most

could one day serve as digital eyes for the more

widely used assistive tools for visually impaired

than

people to navigate the world. This is because

Âź

billion

visually

impaired

people

worldwide. Also technologies destined to non- most of the devices require advance Research humans

will

greatly

benefit

the

visually

and Development (R&D) and are destine to a

impaired. For example the technology for

minority group that often does not have the

Internet of Things (IoT) or the artificial

means to purchase these expensive devices.

intelligence developed for self-driving cars

Most of the technologies proposed are years

could be some day repurposed as assistive

away to serve a greater number of the visually

technologies. More importantly the blind will be

impaired population. The technology proposed

able to use the self-driving cars to get around.

in this paper is aimed to serve the general population of visually impaired and has the

Perhaps with the exception of the claim from the OrCam manufacturer, most of these devices are not capable to specifically identify a

potential to complement individual devices such as wearable cameras and eye glasses.

II. DESCRIPTION OF AFILS-OM

crosswalk, or potentially figure out the state of the traffic signals. The technology proposed herein is using guidelines from Orientation and

An Audio Frequency Induction Loop System (AFILS) is more commonly known as a "hearing loop". A hearing loop is a wire that circles an

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area and is connected to a sound system as

are also known as t-coils and were originally

shown (Williams Sound, 2015) [13] in Fig. 1.

used in telephone handset. All landline and

The wire is usually laid flush with floors and

some cell phones are designed by law to be

walls and may even be placed in the

used with a telecoil. When used with a loop, the

baseboards or underneath the carpet. It can

telecoil transforms the alternating magnetic flux

also be installed in the ceiling. For outdoor

from the loop into voltage which is amplified to

application, the wire can be laid in concrete or

drive a speaker thus replicating the sound or

in buried tubes. The two ends of the wire is then

speech input to the loop driver.

connected to a loop driver creating a closed loop that can transmit through electromagnetic waves any signal from a source connected to the loop driver. The input signal into the source port of the loop driver is often sound or speech.

The electromagnetic waves are then picked up by the telecoil in the hearing aid, cochlear implant, or other type of electromagnetic wave receivers including landline and cell phones with telecoil.

Fig. 2. Hearing aid with telecoil The Audio Frequency Induction Loop System described above is a major component of the proposed technology. This technology is to assist visually impaired pedestrians in public venues, street crossings, or intersection (Li, Jeon, and Nam, 2015) [14]. AFILS-OM is composed of a communication loop or C-Loop that provides information in the form of audio Fig. 1. Hearing loop configuration

signal or speech directly into the users loop receiver, a guide loop or G-Loop that guides the

A telecoil, shown in Fig. 2, is a small copper

user between virtual rails, and a cane equipped

coil with a metal core that is used in loop

with a telecoil or T-Cane to detect the G-Loop

receivers, phones, most hearing aids, and is and provides vibration signal to keep the built into cochlear implant processors. Telecoils 602

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path. AFILS-OM can be used to deliver targeted

is to provide these instructions in real time

information to a person with visual impairment

directly to the visually impaired pedestrian via

in public places such airports, street sidewalks

the telecoil of a hearing aids, smart phone, or

or crossings, shopping malls etc. It can also be

loop receiver as opposed to open air speaker

used for hard of hearing and visually impaired

broadcasting. Used in combination with T-Cane

individuals provided they have hearing aids with

and G-loop, AFILS-OM can guide the user

telecoil.

through a system of virtual rails while crossing streets.

The most practical application of AFILS-OM is its use at street crossings or intersections.

Street crossing in general is very complex even at intersections with traffic signals. Right-turnon-red, multiple lanes streets, quieter cars, and other features make it a challenge for every pedestrian and especially for elderly people; children; and people with cognitive, mobility, and/or hearing disabilities in addition to visual impairment. The major concern is often how to make these intersections safe for all users. This concern

continue

researchers

with

to

be

expertise

addressed ranging

by from

orientation and mobility training to smart intersections.

with

Communication Loop (C-Loop) shown in Fig. 3 can be installed in the concrete as previously stated and the drivers/amplifiers mounted in the traffic light control enclosure. The main purpose of this type of audio loop will be to communicate information to the user and thus is referred to as C-Loop. Traffic lights status or other information about the intersection such as accident or congestion can be fed to the AFILS-OM drivers /amplifiers continuously.

Furthermore,

for multiple lanes streets,

additional audio loops can be used halfway across each segment of the intersection, to

Most cities are generally poorly equipped to deal

A. C-Loop

blind

pedestrians

but

new

technologies introduced in recent years try to remedy that situation. Some cities started to equip traffic signals with audio versions of green and red lights but also beepers to guide visually

provide more locational information. A visually impaired pedestrian or elderly person within the loop field will receive the intersection status information in form of speech or audio signal through hearing aids, loop receivers, or cell phone with telecoil.

impaired pedestrians through the intersection (Harkey et al., 2009) [15]. The objective of AFILS-OM for street crossing and intersections 603

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019 C. G-Loop

The G-Loop shown in Fig. 5 is a component of the Assistive Pedestrian Audio Loops (AFILS-OM) system and is aimed to guide the visually impaired pedestrians along the travel path. The guide loop is setup similar to the CLoop except that it has two loops offset by 10 cm. The wires carry single tone signals at different frequencies. The frequencies are Fig. 3. Typical AFILS-OM layout at an intersection

selected outside the audible frequency band in order to avoid interference when a C-Loop is

B. T-Cane

The T-Cane concept shown in Fig. 4 represents a normal white Cane with an embedded telecoil. The telecoil is designed so that its axis remains parallel to the surface of the street all the time and consequently to the loop wire. The output of the telecoil is monitored and used to generate vibrations in the cane to alert the T-Cane user that the cane is over a loop wire. Additionally, when used with the G-Loop, the T-Cane is able to provide the user with information on the location of the virtual lane

present. The outer loop of the G-Loop is used to point the user toward the inside of the loop and also to help identify the entrance of the virtual lane created by the G-Loop. The G-Loop can be installed at any street crossing and intersection with or without traffic light provided there is power available to help visually impaired pedestrian cross along the crossing path. It can be installed along trails or sidewalks, in public area such as shopping malls or airport to help guide users with visual impairment.

created by the G-Loop. This allows the visually impaired pedestrian to remain on the path of travel delimited by the invisible G-Loop wires.

Fig. 5. Guide Loop on a sidewalk (G-Loop)

Fig. 4. White cane with telecoil (T-Cane)

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019 III. AFILS-OM SIMULATION

Audio loops are generally installed indoor to transmit audio signals via electromagnetic waves.

Their outdoor installations are often

limited to creating electromagnetic waves to sense the presence of vehicles at intersections.

The analysis in this section is carried out to better understand the various factors involved in the performance of an audio loop when installed outdoor. Computer simulation and experimental measurements

are

used

to

assess

the

implementation of AFILS-OM. Given the intense computer

power

requirement

of

the

electromagnetic field computation, a reduced

Fig. 6. Current loop and Magnetic field at point P along the z  axis is given by Eq. (1). The current loop is modelled in ANSYS Maxwell with R  0.5m and I  1A . The component of

size audio loop is used. Electromagnetic

the magnetic field along the z  axis from the

similitude can then be used to extrapolate the

simulation is plotted against the magnetic field

results to real word scenario.

First electro-

calculated with Eq. (1) and shown in Fig. 7.

magnetostatic approach is used to investigate

The results show a perfect agreement between

the effect of reinforcing steel bars, light posts,

the finite element and the numerical models

and traffic signal controller enclosures on the

values.

magnetic field. Then a transient analysis validated with experimental measurement is conducted to establish baseline values for the

0 IR 2 Bz   0 2( z 2  R 2 )3/2 Hz

(1)

loop receivers. where 0  4 e7 (T .m / A) is A. Magnetostatic Analysis of a Current Loop

the

free

field

permeability, I is a constant current.

The objective of this section is to validate the ANSYS finite element model with numerical calculations and known result in literature. For the current loop of Fig. 6, the magnetic field (Ulaby and Ravaioli, 2014) [16].

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Fig. 7. Magnetic field of the loop along the (Red: numeric, Blue: ANSYS).

Fig. 8. Magnetic field of the loop in a plane Z  1.5m .

The third simulation is to assess the effect of the The same finite element model is used to

surrounding on the performance of the loop.

assess the magnetic field uniformity inside the

Especially the effect of the reinforcing steel bars

loop and the degree of spillover of the magnetic

in the concrete and the traffic light posts. Thus,

flux outside the loop in a plane parallel to the

concrete with reinforcing steel bars and a traffic

loop plane at Z  1.5m . We also defined pilot light post is added to the model. The points in the plane of the loop wire at Z  0 in permeability of the concrete is close to that of a order to compare the values of their magnetic

free field so it is not included in the model. The

field from ANSYS and numerical values

loop is placed 13mm in the concrete and the

calculated using a computer program.

magnetic field at Z  1.5m

above the street

level is plotted in Figs. 10 and 11.

The results are presented in Table 1. The

The result clearly shows a reduction in the

values in the table and the plots of Figs. 8 and

filed strength caused by the reinforcing steel

9 indicate that the magnetic field is optimum

bars. Also the magnetic field is not symmetric

inside the loop and quickly drops at about half

anymore due to the presence of the steel traffic

of its maximum value at a distance one loop

light post.

diameter away from the center.

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transient characteristics. In this section we will focus

on

the

computer

simulation

and

experimental analysis of the response of a current loop. The ideal case is to analyse the response of the loop to input signal at the frequencies recommended by the International Electrotechnichal Commission (IEC) for the certification of a Hearing Loop, however we feel that the investigation of the response of the loop Fig. 9. Magnetic field of the loop at z  1.5m along the x  axis .

to a test input signal of sine wave will suffice.

In general, there is a reasonable correlation between the response of a system to a standard test input and the system's ability to perform under normal operating conditions (Lennart, 1999) [17]. From design point of view, using a standard input of 1kHz sine wave will help compare several competing designs. Therefore we will use a sine wave i  I sin(2 Ft ) as input current into the loop of both the ANSYS model and the experimental loop of Fig. 12. The input signal is set as I  1A and F  1000Hz in the computer

model

which

correspond

to

I  0.707 A(rms) in the experimental audio loop.

The computer model is setup as previously Fig. 10. Magnetic field in a plane at Z  1.5m

described except here a transient analysis is carry out for 0.25ms . The magnetic field values

for a loop embedded in concrete

are saved for the pilot points shown in Fig. 13.

For the experiment, the loop is setup in an open

B. Transient Analysis of a Current Loop

air An Audio Frequency Induction Loop System (AFILS) primary function is to transmit audio frequency

via

electromagnetic

waves.

Therefore, it is better analysed using its 607

field

to

electromagnetic

reduce

interference

background

noise.

and The

objective is to create a free field permeability condition in and around the loop.

First the

magnetic background noise is measured using www.ijitce.co.uk

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

a Contacta Field Strength Meter (FSM). Next, a Contacta audio test signal generator is used to supply a sine wave signal to a Univox DLS50 loop driver.

The current in the loop is

measured with digital multimeter and adjusted to I  0.707 A(rms) . Finally, the magnetic field strength is measured at the pilot points. These points are located in a plane at Z  0.1m above the loop.

The results in Table 1 shows an

Fig. 12. Experimental setup.

agreement between the finite element model at time

t  0.25ms

measurements.

and

the

experimental

The magnetic field strength

distribution due to the variable input current from the computer model is shown at time

t  0.25ms in Fig. 14.

Fig. 13. Pilot points

Fig. 11. Magnetic field at z  1.5m along

x  axis z  1.5m for a loop embedded in concrete.

Fig. 14. Magnetic field of the loop in a plane

z  0.1m .

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0.6m wide walkway. Additionally the loop driver TABLE I

can be powered by solar panels with backup

COMPARISON OF MAGNETIC FIELD AT

battery for rural area applications or crossing

PILOT POINTS

without traffic signal or power. Thus, based on the proposed applications: street intersections

Pilot Point

X(m) Y(m) Z(m)

Hexp

Hansys

(dB)

(dB)

or crossings, park trails, and public areas such as shopping malls, the cost of AFILS-OM

1

0.4

0

0.1

5.5

5.6

2

0.2

0

0.1

5.2

5.6

3

0

0

0.1

4.3

4.4

4

-0.2

0

0.1

5.0

5.1

5

-0.4

0

0.1

5.3

5.5

6

0.2

0.3

0.1

5.3

5.3

steel bars in the concrete or metal posts. This

7

0

0.3

0.1

4.9

5.1

will lead to the selection of a larger loop driver

8

-0.2

0.3

0.1

5.5

5.6

in such application to compensate for the

9

0.2

-0.3

0.1

5.7

6.0

attenuation. Nevertheless, even with a slightly

10

0

-0.3

0.1

5.0

5.2

more expensive loop driver, the implementation

11

-0.2

-0.3

0.1

5.5

5.8

of AFILS-OM is more cost effective then

installation and deployment is quite reasonable.

The engineering data presented above shows that the output electromagnetic signal is attenuated due to the presence of reinforcing

alternative technology proposed

IV. AFILS-OM IMPLEMENTATION

The successful physical implementation of

by other

researchers.

AFILS-OM relies on the engineering and technology necessary for the installation and servicing of the loops (Kim et al. 2016) [18].

However, to have a durable impact, AFILS-OM deployment

must

incorporate

potential

government regulations and training of the general and visually impaired population. For the installation of the loops, C-loop or G-Loop, the most important factor is the physical configuration of the area inside the loop wires.

For example a $300 loop driver can cover up to 112m2 area or a loop of 6m radius. The same

loop driver can cover up to 183mm long and 609

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019 V. CONCLUSION

Mobility (AFILS-OM). Future work will include

An Audio Frequency Induction Loop System for Orientation and Mobility (AFILS-OM) to help visually

impaired

pedestrians

has

clinical trial of the system in a controlled environment.

been

proposed in this paper. Computer simulation and experimental analysis have been used to assess the implementation of AFILS-OM in outdoor setting and with the presence of concrete reinforcing steel bars and traffic and light posts. The AFILS-OM system consist of CLoops, G-Loops, and a T-Canes that can be installed and used at street crossings or intersections, in public venues such as malls and city halls, and on park trails. At an intersection application, the AFILS-OM system can provide real time traffic and tricolor traffic lights status in form of speech or audio signal.

The system can also provide a countdown of the time left to start or to finish a crossing. More importantly, all this helpful information can be clearly transmitted to the pedestrian into an earbud as opposed to current open air loudspeaker broadcasting system used at intersections.

Additionally, the system will help the pedestrian stay within the designated crossing path using the virtual walls created by the G-Loop. AFILSOM is a simple and cost effective approach to allow individuals with visually impairment enjoy park trails and safely use street sidewalks. The presented analysis and implementation can be used as a starting point for the real world implementation

of

the

Audio

Frequency

Induction Loop System for Orientation and 610

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

[1]

[2]

[3]

REFERENCES Marston, J. R. and Golledge, R. G. (2003). The hidden demand for participation in activities and travel by persons who are visually impaired, Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 97, 475–488.

Walker, B. N. and Lindsay, J. (2006). Navigation performance with a virtual auditory display: Effects of beacon sound, capture radius, and practice. Human Factors, 48, 265–278.

Bahadira, K., Koncara, V., Kalaoglub, F. (2012).

Wearable obstacle detection system fully integrated to textile structures for visually impaired people. Sensors and Actuators, A179, 297-311

[4]

Cheng, P-H. (2016). Wearable ultrasonic guiding device with white cane for the visually impaired: A preliminary verisimilitude experiment. Journal of assistive technology, 28(3), 127-136.

[5]

Shioyama, T. and Shorif, M. (2004). Detection of pedestrian crossings with projective invariants from image data, Meas. Sci. Technol. 15, 2400– 2405.

[6]

Benjamin, J. (1973). A Laser Cane for the Blind.

Proc. San Diego Biomedical Symposium.

[7]

Rizzo, J-R, Conti, K, Thomas, T., Hudson, T., Emerson, R. W., and Kim, D. S. (2017). A new primary tool for visually impaired: A white caneadaptive mobility device hybrid. Journal of assistive technology.

OrCam (2016). Retrieved http://www.orcam.com/

[8]

[9]

Bengisu, M. (2010). Assistive Technologies for Visually Impaired Individuals in Turkey. Journal of assistive technology, 22, 163-171.

[10]

Bhatlawande et al. (2014). Electronic Bracelet and Vision-Enabled Waist-Belt for Mobility of Visually Impaired People. Journal of assistive technology, 26, 186-195.

[11]

La Monica, P.R. (2016). This company helps blind people see. Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/2016/02/29/investing/seco nd-sight-blindness-vice/

[12]

Sauerburger, D. (2005). Street Crossings: Analyzing Risks, Developing Strategies, and Making Decisions, Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 99(10).

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[13]

Williams Sound (Helping People Hear). (2015).

Design Guide, Induction Loop Systems. TECH 007B (2015)

[14]

Li, Y., Jeon, W. R., Nam, and C. S. (2015).

Navigation by vibration: Effects of vibrotactile feedback on a navigation task. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 46, 76-84.

[15]

Harkey, D. L., et al. (2009). Accessible Pedestrian Signals: A Guide to Best Practices, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Contractor’s Guide for NCHRP Project 3-62A.

[16]

Ulaby, F. T. and Ravaioli, U. (2014).

Fundamentals of Applied Electromagnetics, Pearson Education, Inc.

[17]

Lennart, L. (1999). System Identification: Theory for the User (2nd Edition). Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, NJ.

[18]

Kim, K., Han, S., Park, Ja., Park, Jo. (2016). The interaction experiences of visually impaired people with assistive technology: A case study of smartphones. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 55, 22-33

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

A Survey on Pre Processing Techniques for Static Human Facial Emotion Recognition M.Prakash #1, Dr.S.Pannirselvam *2 #1

#1*2

Ph.D Research Scholar, *2 Associate Professor & Head, Department of Computer Science, #1*2 Erode Arts and Science College(Autonomous), Erode – 638009, Tamilnadu, India.

1 2

powermprakash@gmail.com pannirselvam08@gmail.com

Abstract - This research paper mainly focused on a

believed to be innate and follow a sub plant tissue route

various preprocessing techniques for human Facial

in human brain.

Emotion Recognition. Now a days, Facial Emotion Recognition plays a major role in vast applications

Facial recognition is commonly AN emotional expertise

e.g.

security,

for the brain and also the amygdale is very concerned

criminal

within the recognition method. like each procedure

identification, social needs like tutoring through

apply, in have an effect on detection by facial process,

computer. It needs a trained system for recognizing

some obstacles have to be compelled to be surpassed,

the human emotions like happy, sad, disgust,

so as to completely unlock the hidden potential of the

surprise, anger, neutral, etc,. The main problem in

general rule or technique used. The accuracy of

this research is accuracy. Preprocessing should be

modelling and trailing has been a significant issue,

done for getting good accurate result. It normalizes

particularly within the early stages of emotional

the different ways of light illuminated images.

computing. The illumination drawback is essentially the

medical

psychological

application disorder

such

as

problem,

variability of AN object’s look from one image to a Keywords: Pre Processing, Light illuminated image, Emotion Recognition, accuracy and normalization

different with slight changes in lighting conditions.

Psychophysical experiments show that the human sensory system will determine faces of constant person from novel pictures despite right smart

I. INTRODUCTION Facial feeling is one or additional motions or positions of the muscles to a lower place the skin of the face.

This movement provides the knowledge regarding emotions of a private to observant person. Facial emotions square measure a sort of nonverbal communication. Humans will adopt a facial feeling voluntarily or involuntarily, and also the neural mechanisms answerable for dominant the feeling dissent in every case. Voluntary facial emotions square measure typically socially conditioned and follows a plant tissue route in human brain. On the opposite hand, involuntary facial emotions square measure 612

variations in illumination.

Lighting variations could be a difficult drawback in an exceedingly face recognition research; it's considered one amongst the foremost important factors for sturdy face recognition [4]. constant person, with constant facial feeling looks terribly completely different beneath varied

lighting

conditions.

Changes

in

lighting

conditions manufacture a substantial decrease of recognition performances. A recognition system, supported computing the space between unprocessed gray-level pictures, can fail to acknowledge all the faces within the information and can confuse the faces. www.ijitce.co.uk

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019 to beat these disadvantage higher pre process strategies ought to be used before the extraction stage.

Now, if 1/ < 1

the process is thought as gamma

compression. If 1/ > 1, then it's referred to as gamma growth.

II. PREPROCESSING TECHNIQUES B. Logarithm Transform It normalizes the image acquired from uncontrolled

This transform uses associate additive compensation

and uncooperative atmosphere. the necessity for pre

term to get the normalized face image. It provides

process is: to overcome harmful effects of illumination,

associate intensity improvement of the shaded region.

Eliminates effects rely on angle, distance & lightning conditions against every face.

Procedure • Let a grey level image be f(x, y)

The methods of pre process are as follows: •

Gamma Intensity Correction

•

Logarithm Transform

•

Histogram Equalization

•

Discrete Cosine Transform

• Its coefficient of reflection and illumination square measure r(x, y) and e(x, y) respectively

Assume the image is proportional to the product of the reflectance and also the illumination

A. Gamma Intensity Correction f(x, y) = r(x, y) • e(x, y)

…eq.n 3

This method can control the brightness of a picture by dynamical the gamma parameter. it's used to correct the

while taking logarithm transform,

lighting variations within the face image. log f(x, y) = log r(x, y) + log e(x, y)

...eq.n 4

Procedure • Let the input image be I(x,y)

To obtain a desired uniform illumination the parameters

• To calculate gamma correction parameter f(I(x,y)),

should be noted are:

take exponential of the input image I(x,y) f(I(x, y)) = I(x, y)1/γ

…eq.n 1

• incident illumination e(x, y)

Where,  – value of the image depends on the darkness • desired uniform illumination e’

or brightness.

To find the value of ‘’ Assume a canonically illuminated face image be Ic(x, y).

The difference between the transformed image and also

Then, log f ’(x, y) = log r(x, y) + log e’

the predefined canonically light image should be reduced =log r(x, y) + log e(x, y) − e(x, y)

  arg min [I (x, y)1/  *  Ic (x, y)]2 *

...eq.n 2 = log f(x, y) − e(x, y)

x, y

...eq.n 5

Where e(x, y) = log e(x, y) − log e’ is that the additive compensation term.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019 Hence, the normalized face image are often obtained

To remove low frequency components: Set low

from the initial image and this additive compensation

frequency components to zero for e.g: Set (p, q)th DCT

term.

coefficient to zero. The desired normalized face image in

C. Histogram Equalization

the logarithm domain F ’(x, y) is given by,

An image histogram may be a graphical F ’(x, y) = F(x,y) – E(p,q)

illustration of the tonal distribution during a digital image.

…eq.n 9

It plots the amount of pixels for every tonal value. The

Where,

horizontal axis of the graph represents the tonal

F’(x, y) is the difference between the original image F(x,

variations, whereas the vertical axes represent the

y) and the illumination compensation E(p, q). Set DCT

number of pixels therein specific tone. significantly, a

coefficient value as zero.

picture histogram of a gray-scale image has within the horizontal axes the 256 brightness levels, and within the vertical axes the number of times this level seems within the image. the matter of the first approach is that the

Where, C(0,0)  log . MN

...eq.n 10

 - middle level value of the image

output isn't forever realistic, however during this case the illustration of the face image should be invariant to lighting variations and not a practical image.

By discarding DCT coefficients of the original image, only brightness can be adjusted. To adjust the illumination, DCT coefficients of logarithm image should

D. Discrete Cosine Transform

be discarded.

In this technique illumination variation may be

III. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS & DISCUSSION

considerably reduced by truncating low frequency DCT

The first step is the image acquisition and these

coefficients. Consider 2D M × N discrete cosine

obtained images are subjected to RGM to grayscale

transform,

conversion. The output of the above four methods are M 1N 1

c(u, v)  a(u)a(v) f (x, y) cos[ x0 y0

given below.  (2x 1)u 2M

]cos[

(2y 1)v

] 2N

C. RGB to GRAY Conversion

…eq.n 6 The inverse transform,

Fig.1 Anger

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Fig.5 Intensity corrected image with darkness

Fig.2 Fear

in gamma value (Anger)

Fig.3 Happy Fig.6 Intensity corrected image with darkness in gamma value (Fear)

Fig.4 Surprise This process is done for four various emotions in the dataset and outputs are obtained. The above figures show the output of RGB to gray scale conversion.

Fig.7 Intensity corrected image with darkness in gamma value (Happy)

D. Gamma Intensity Correction This process is employed to select totally different gamma values to get darkness or brightness within the image. Fig.5, Fig.6, Fig.7 shows the output of gamma value equals to 0.3. Fig.8 shows the output of gamma value equal to 0.4.

Fig.8 Intensity corrected image with brightness in gamma value (Surprise) C. Logarithm Transform

These are the output of the Logarithm Transform.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

Fig.9 Logarithm Transform for Anger Fig.13 Histogram Equalization (Anger)

Fig.10 Logarithm Transform for Fear Fig.14 Histogram Equalization (Fear)

Fig.11 Logarithm Transform for Happy Fig.15 Histogram Equalization(Happy)

Fig.12 Logarithm Transform for Surprise Fig.16 Histogram Equalization (Surprise)

D. Histogram Equalization

D. Discrete Cosine Transform It is somewhat complex. In DCT transform,

These are the output of Histogram Equalization.

values cannot be varied only smoothening can be done.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019 IV. CONCLUSION

This paper proposes, four preprocessing methods for illumination normalization in face images: they are, the Gamma Intensity Correction method (GIC), the logarithm transform

method,

the

discrete

cosine

transform

technique (DCT), the histogram equalization technique Fig.17 DCT output (Anger)

(HE). It will usually improve the image, and consequently the facial expression detection performance, compared with a non-preprocessed image. A additional advanced technique, like HE, also provides sensible leads to a feature detection system, though the face image is not realistic. The strategies are only tested for pictures with a similar head pose and facial emotion. in a future work, it will be planned to create tests with face pictures without these restrictions.

Fig.18 DCT output (Fear)

Fig.19 DCT output (Happy)

Fig.19 DCT output (Surprise)

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019 REFERENCES [1] Hongying

Meng

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Advanced

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1: Issue 1: January 2015 , Pages:47-51.

Technology,

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http://www.tanscst.nic.in/ TAMILNADU STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROPOSALS INVITED UNDER

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROJECT SCHEME This scheme is to promote R&D work having social relevance, significance and usefulness to our State. The major area of research may be in fields such as Agriculture Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Veterinary Sciences, Medical Sciences, Social Sciences and Engineering and Technology. Under this scheme, financial assistance to the tune of Rs.3.00 to 5.00 lakhs is provided for a period of 2 years to scientists and faculty members working in the above fields in any of the recognized Universities/Colleges/ Research institutions in the State. To avail financial support for Science and Technology Projects, FOUR COPIES of proposals in the prescribed format along with required enclosures may be sent to Member Secretary, Tamilnadu State council for Science and Technology, DOTE Campus, Chennai – 600 025 on or before 18.02.2019,5.00pm.

TAMILNADU SCIENTISTS AWARD (TANSA) 2018 The Tamilnadu State Council for Science and Technology recognizes every year the outstanding research work / skill / talent acquired by Scientists and Technologies in the following disciplines : (i) Agricultural Sciences ; (ii) Biological Sciences; (iii) Chemical Sciences; (iv) Environmental Sciences including Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary Sciences; (v) Engineering and Technology; (vi) Home / Social Sciences; (vii) Mathematical Sciences; (viii) Medical Sciences; (ix) Physical Sciences and (x) Veterinary Sciences by an award called “Tamilnadu Scientist Award” (TANSA).

The Award will be bestowed on a person who has made conspicuously important and outstanding contribution to human knowledge and progress, fundamental or applied, in the particular field of the endeavour.

Eligibility Criteria : Any native of Tamilnadu engaged in research / innovation / feat in any field of science and technology in Tamilnadu is eligible to apply for TANSA award. The TANSA will be awarded on the basis of research contribution made / skill / talent acquired / Tamilnadu during the ten years preceding the year of award. Work done up to December 2018 may be submitted for TANSA 2018.

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Post Doctoral Fellowship Position at IIT Rookee Department of Water Resources Development and Managemnet Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee needs doctoral fellow candidates, The Department of Water Resources Development and Management at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee invites applications from outstanding and enthusiastic researchers for post-doctoral fellowship position under the mentorship of Dr. Thanga Raj Chelliah, (Associate Professor of HydroElectric Systems), focused on ‘Development of Methodology for Measuring DC current Capability of Power Transformer’ The prospective candidate is expected to have a strong background in electric machines and high voltage engineering. Preference will be given to the candidates having hands on experience in modeling & simulation and experimentation of power transformers. Other research activities may include participating in research discussion with the power generating companies in India.

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Advertisement for Post Doctoral Fellowship Position: Advt. No. BIOTECH/PDF, Dated: 14-01-2019 (Last date of application submission is February 18, 2019)

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Advertisement for Post Doctoral Fellowship Position: Advt. No. IITR Chemistry/ (PDF), Dated: 18-012019 (Last date of application submission is February 20, 2019)

Reference https://www.iitr.ac.in/administration/pages/Openings+Post_Doctoral_Fellowship_Position.html

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

PETROTECH International conference and Exhibition is India's flagship Oil and Gas sector event held every two years under the aegis of the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural gas. This event first held in 1995, has acquired brand popularity and is the largest oil and gas sector event in South Asia. It brings together industry leaders, professionals, academicians, and technology licensors and domain experst from the energy sectors on a common platform.

The 13th edition of this international conference will be held from 10-12 February 2019 at India Exposition Mart Ltd., Greater Noida, NCR, New Delhi. Prime Minister of India will inaugurate the event on 10th February 2019.

The detailed program are available at www.petrotech.in/

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF I NNOVATIVE T ECHNOLOGY AND CREATIVE ENGINEERING (ISSN:2045-8711) VOL.9 NO.1 JANUARY 2019

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