International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering (IJRIME) LIFE PREDICTION ANALYSIS OF TWEEL FOR THE REPLACEMENT OF TRADITIONAL WHEELS Ramesh Babu Sangareddy1, Rajesh Kumar2, K.L. Kishore3. 1 Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India. 2 Assistant professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India. 3 Associate professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Abstract This thesis work is to provide advance level solution for the 4 wheeler wheels to provide unpuncherd and self-shock observed wheels.US defense recently lance honey comb tweels for the military vehicles, this project motto is to evaluate different types of tweels (shaped rims and tyres) to provide best shape and geometry for the tweels for two wheelers. Data collection will be done and literature survey will be done on wheels constriction, wheel materials to understand methodology for new research. Different tweel models will be prepared with the variation in tweel geometry then export into Ansys to conduct analysis work. Fatigue analysis will be done to evaluate total life for different tweels with variation of materials to suggest optimum shape for wheel. *Corresponding Author:
INTRODUCTION
Ramesh Babu Sangareddy, Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
WHEEL A wheel is a circular device that is capable of rotating on its axis, facilitating movement or transportation while supporting a load (mass), or performing labour in machines. Common examples are found in transport applications. A wheel, together with an axle overcomes friction by facilitating motion by rolling. In order for wheels to rotate, a moment needs to be applied to the wheel about its axis, either by way of gravity, or by application of another external force. More generally the term is also used for other circular objects that rotate or turn, such as a ship's wheel, steering wheel and flywheel.
Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Email: ramesh.sangareddy09@gmail.com Year of publication: 2016 Review Type: peer reviewed Volume: III, Issue : I
Citation: Ramesh Babu Sangareddy, Research Scholar, "Life Prediction Analysis of Tweel For The Replacement of Traditional Wheels" International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET) (2016) 207-212
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION Previously steel wheels are used to manufacture wheels for the higher strength, but these alloy wheels are heavy due to its density and also giving trouble to manufacture because of its higher melting point and hard to do casting it. Weight is also playing crucial role in mileage. After that aluminum and magnesium took the place for the manufacturing of alloy wheel, but these alloy wheels are not giving good life due to its low compressive and yield strength. As above these aluminum and magnesium wheels getting yield (bends) at the larger run and also these types of materials are not permitting heavy loads. And puncher is the common problem for all the Types tyres. METHEDOLOGY As observed above problem and literature survey new type of alloy wheels are not permitting heavy loads and also getting yield (bend) during bumps and pits in long run. Hence in this project geometric optimization and new model tweel is introduced in this project which is not having tube instead of tube a rubber layer and self-shock absorbing system is placed instead of alloy wheel.
TYPES OF WHEELS There are only a few types of wheels still in use in the automotive industry today. They vary significantly in size, shape, and materials used, but all follow the same basic principles. TWEEL An airless tire under development may eventually obsolete conventional air-filled tires. While Michelin researchers are still years away from offering a production ready non-pneumatic tire with integrated wheel for passenger vehicles, the unique construction of the tire-wheel combination— dubbed Tweel—represents a mobility milestone. Tweel bypasses the need for tire pressure by a unique use of specific components, mainly consisting of “a cablereinforced tread band of conventional tread rubber that connects to a shear band to generate the contact patch and replace inflation pressure. That, in turn, connects to a hub via Michelin’s patented flexible, rectangular polyurethane spokes. “This mechanical structure provides weight-carrying ability, shock absorption, ride comfort, rolling resistance, and mass similar to pneumatic tires, while adding suspensionlike characteristics that greatly improve handling,” said Terry Gettys, President of Michelin Americas Research & Development.
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
IMPORTANCE OF TWEEL TYRE OVER PNEUMATIC TYRES
Material properties and boundary conditions Load calculations:
A pneumatic, or air-filled, tire is made of an airtight inner core filled with pressurized air. A tread, usually reinforced with steel belting or other materials, covers this inner core and provides the contact area with the road. The pressure of the air inside the tire is greater than atmospheric air pressure, so the tire remains inflated even with the weight of a vehicle resting on it. The tire’s air pressure provides resistance against forces that try to deform the tire, but it gives to a certain degree -a cushioning effect as the tire hits bumps in the road. If you’ve ever taken a ride in an old-fashioned carriage with wooden wheels, you know what a difference a pneumatic tire makes. Pneumatic tires do have drawbacks, especially in high-performance or highly dangerous Applications.
Royal Enfield 350 Specifications
MODEL OF ALLOY WHEEL STRIGHT CROSS MEMBER
Length Height Width Wheel Base Ground Clearance Kerb Weight Chassis As Stressed Member
2180 mm 1080 mm 790 mm 1370 mm 135 mm 187 kg Single Down tube, Using Engine
weight – (wc) = 187 kg’s 2 passengers - (wp) = 140 kg’s =3207.87N Area (A) = 24738.66 mm2 = 0.1296674920953681N/mm2 Therefore we are considering 10Mpa Constrained at centre hub bolt system STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON STRAIGHT CROSS MEMBER TYPE ALUMINUM
The above image shows final model of Y-shaped tweel
MODEL OF WEB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is the imported model of straight cross member. Modeling was done in Creo 2.0and imported with the help of IGES (Initial Graphical Exchanging Specification).
The above image shows final model of web shape tweel
MODEL OF HONEYCOMB TWEEL
The above image showing the meshed modal. Default solid Brick element was used to mesh the components. The shown mesh method was called Tetra Hydra Mesh. Meshing is used to deconstruct complex problem into number of small problems based on finite element method.
The above image shows final model of honeycomb shape tweel
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
Displacement
FATIGUE ANALYSIS ON Y-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image shows displacement The above image is showing safety factor range on object.
MODAL ANALYSIS ON Y-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image shows von-misses stress
The above image is showing natural frequency value at mode-1
The above image shows strain
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON Y-SHAPED TWEEL The above image is showing natural frequency value at mode-2.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON WEB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is showing von-mises stress value. Von-mises stress depends on von-mises theory of failure. It considers all directional and principle stresses.
The above image is showing von-mises stress value. Von-mises stress depends on von-mises theory of failure. It considers all directional and principle stresses.
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
FATIGUE ANALYSIS ON WEB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is showing safety factor range on object.
FATIGUE ANALYSIS ON HONEYCOMB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above image is showing safety factor range on object.
MODAL ANALYSIS ON WEB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above graph shows total deformation; according to the graph honey comb is showing less deformation value of 0.038747
The above image is showing natural frequency value at mode-1.
The above graph shows stress; according to the graph honey comb is showing less stress than other models value is 54.475
The above image is showing natural frequency value at mode-2.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON HONEYCOMB-SHAPED TWEEL
The above graph shows strain; according to the graph honey comb is showing less strain than other models value is 0.00027704
The above image is showing von-mises stress value. Von-mises stress depends on von-mises theory of failure. It considers all directional and principle stresses.
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
• Structural analysis is done on tradition wheel assembly to evaluate regular wheel analysis results. • Structural analysis is done on tweel 3models to verify results like: stress, strain & deformation, as per the analysis results tweel is better than traditional wheels, in the tweel honey comb shaped tweel is showing good characteristics. • Fatigue analysis is conducted on 3models to find out fatigue life, safety factors, as per the fatigue analysis results honey comb tweel is the best one.
The above graph shows factor of safety; according to the graph honey comb is showing higher life
• Also harmonic analysis is done on 3models to find vibrations/frequency’s value which is caused by self-design & external vibrations, in this analysis also honey comb is having very less vibrations. • As per our project work results it concludes that, “honey comb tweel is the best & optimum shape for the replacement of traditional wheels”. REFERENCES
The above graph shows deformation in Hz mode 2; according to the graph web is showing less Hz value but values are near and very low so no need to concede.
1. Understanding the Influence of Pressure and Radial Loads on Stress and Displacement Response of a Rotating Body: The Automobile Wheel J. Stearns, T. S. Srivatsan, X. Gao, and P. C. Lam Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Rotating Machinery Volume 2006, Article ID 60193, Pages 1–8 DOI 10.1155/IJRM/2006/60193 2. Evaluation of fatigue life of aluminum alloy wheels under radial loads P. Ramamurty Raju a,*, B. Satyanarayana b, K. Ramji b, K. Suresh Babu a Received 12 November 2006; accepted 19 November 2006 Available online 17 January 2007 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 3. SIMULATION TEST OF AUTOMOTIVE ALLOY WHEEL USING COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING SOFTWARE MOHD IZZAT FALIQFARHAN BIN BAHAROM UNIVERSITI MALAYSIAPAHANG OCTOBER 2008.
The above graph shows deformation in Hz mode 3; according to the graph web is showing less Hz value but values are near and very low so no need to concede.
CONCLUSION • This project work is done on “Life prediction analysis of tweel for the replacement of traditional wheels” an attempt to provide solution for aid less, self-suspension wheel system. • In this project work tweel was chosen instead of regular wheels which are made out of solid rubber, it doesn’t required air, and also it is having more suspension effect comparatively to the regular wheels. • Initially review is done on previous research publications and data related to wheels, tweels, and effects on wheels and numerical approach etc… • 3D models and assembly of wheel and rim, tweel with different geometry’s are prepared to do further work.
4. Simulation of wheel impact test using finite element method Chia-Lung Chang *, Shao-Huei Yang Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliu, Yunlin 640, Taiwan, ROC journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/engfailanal Article history: Received 26 December 2008 Accepted 29 December 2008 Available online 11 January 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd. 5. Fatigue Life Analysis of Aluminum Wheels by Simulation of Rotary Fatigue Test Paper accepted: 12.11.2010 Journal of Mechanical Engineering 57(2011)1, 31-39 Liangmo Wang* - Yufa Chen - Chenzhi Wang - Qingzheng Wang School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, China. 6. New extrusion process of Mg alloy automobile wheels WANG Qian, ZHANG Zhi-min , ZHANG Xing, LI Guo-ju 211
International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
7. Fatigue strength improvement by ultrasonic impact treatment of highly stressed spokes of cast aluminum wheels ,A. Berg-Pollack a, F.-J. Voellmecke b, C.M. Sonsino a, Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved ,journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijfatigue, Article history: Received 28 June 2010,Accepted 28 September 2010 Available online 13 October 2010. 8. WHEELS AUTO MODELING USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD Amalia Ana DASCĂL, 2.Daniel CĂRĂULEANU Year 2011. AUTHORS
Ramesh Babu Sangareddy, Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Rajesh Kumar, Assistant professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
K.L. Kishore, Associate professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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