Life Skills Workbook: Terms 3 and 4 Grade 2

Life

Skills

Workbook: Terms 3 and 4

Grade 2

Name: Class:

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Life Skills

Workbook 2

Terms 3 and 4

Grade 2

Activity 55: Soil

Different soils

There are many different types of soil. Read the sentences and ±ll in the correct words.

loamy soil sandy soil earthworms clay soil on top of plants dense living

SAMPLE

This is ___________________. It is often loose and dry, and water easily drains through it. When it rains, this soil is easily washed away. This soil gets very hot in summer. You will probably not ±nd ___________________ creatures in there.

This is ___________________. It is very _________ and sticks together. When you wet it, the water stays _________ the soil and it takes a long time to absorb. Water that ¶ows over this soil will not easily erode it.

This is ___________________. It is very fertile and the best soil in which to grow ___________________. There are also animals such as ___________________ in this soil. When you wet this soil, the water is easily absorbed.

Activity 56: Soil

Burrowing animals

Cut out the words in the learner aid and paste them under the correct animal.

Activity 57: Soil

Earthworms do very important work in the soil. Read up about earthworms and answer the questions.

Activity 58: Soil

Different soil layers

Soil consists of different layers. The top layer is organic matter, which means living things like leaves, fungi, and small animals died and are now decomposing in the soil. When something decomposes, it rots and breaks down into small particles. This organic material serves as compost because it is so fertile.

Then there is the topsoil where plants grow. The decomposing organic matter above the topsoil feeds the soil so plants can grow well. Some plants’ roots extend down past this layer into the subsoil. The roots bind the soil so that it does not wash away when it rains.

Paste the words from the learner aid in the correct places.

In the subsoil, we ±nd the roots of some plants. It also consists of heavier materials like stones, which settled from above. The further down we go, the harder the ground becomes and the bigger the rocks and other materials we ±nd. This soil is infertile.

Right at the bottom is the bedrock, which is only made of rocks. If all the soil above it washes away, there will be nothing for us to plant in.

That is why it is important to continue planting trees and plants – to prevent the soil from washing away. See if you can plant at least one tree every year!

Activity 59: Soil

It is easy to make compost! Fill in the missing words from the blocks.

weeds bones kitchen waste earthworms

grass cuttings turn oxygen water

All you need is a large container with holes in the sides or that you can make holes in. The more __________________ can get into the waste, the faster it will turn into compost. Throw any __________________ on your compost heap, like vegetable peels, and any organic material like leaves and _____________. The compost will start to get very warm. You can also put ________________ on your compost heap so they can help to break down the larger pieces. Now and again you must _________________ your compost, but it must not be soaking wet.

Every month you should __________________ the compost heap to ensure all the outer leaves and grass can decompose inside the heap. When your compost heap is full, do not add fresh organic matter otherwise your compost will never be ready. It should be ready to use within three months.

There are some things you should rather not put on your compost heap. These include __________________, ±sh scraps and waste from your dog or cat. This will rot the compost and attract pests. The things that take a long time to decompose include banana peels, orange peels, nutshells and thick branches. Do not throw __________________ on your compost heap, as they could have seeds, which will come up in the compost.

Activity 60: Soil

It is easy to make your own vegetable garden, even if you do not have much space. Write down what you must do in each step.

Activity 61: Transport

Road transport

Road transport is the moving of passengers or goods using roads. There are many different types of road transport. Cut out the sentences in the learner aid and paste them under the correct photo.

SAMPLE

Activity 62: Transport

Rail transport

Read the information about trains and ±ll in the words to complete the sentences.

faster electricity pollution diesel steam trains railway tracks smoke goods

SAMPLE

Trains run on _____________________ made of wood and steel. The ±rst trains were _________________________. They caused a lot of ________________________ due to all the smoke they made while travelling.

Electric train engines were later developed. They work with electricity and do not emit _____________ like the steam trains did. These trains are also much _____________ than steam trains. Trains are used to transport people and _____________ over long distances.

Diesel trains work like a car and drive with a _____________-powered engine. Some trains use both diesel and ___________________.

Denis Kabanov / Shutterstock.com

Activity 63: Transport

Air transport

Colour the modes of air transport according to the instructions.

Colour the aeroplane yellow.

Colour the rocket red.

Colour the hot-air balloon orange.

Colour the helicopter brown.

Colour the hang-glider blue.

Colour the ±ghter jet green.

Colour the parachutist purple.

Colour the light aircraf t pink.

Activity 64: Transport

Water transport

Cut out the words in the learner aid and paste them under the correct photo.

SAMPLE

Activity 65: Transport

We have seen that people use all kinds of transport. Design your own type of transport and draw it in the block – it can be anything.

Activity 66: Transport

Public transport

Public transport enables many people to travel together at the same time. It is usually cheaper, because the cost of fuel is divided among many passengers.