Gr 8-English Home Language-Facilitator's Guide by Impaq

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ENGLISH HOME LANGUAGE FACILITATOR’S GUIDE Grade 8

A member of the FUTURELEARN group

Facilitator’s Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

CONTENTS

LESSON ELEMENTS...............................................................................................................................11 PREFACE...................................................................................................................................................12 YEAR PLAN..............................................................................................................................................14 UNIT 1: Weeks 1 – 2 .............................................................................................................................15 LESSON 1: The sound of the ocean..................................................................................................15 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking .............................................................................................16 Activity 1: Complete a listening comprehension.....................................................................16 Activity 2: Have a discussion............................................................................................................19 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing .................................................................................................22 Activity 3: Know the parts of a book.............................................................................................22 Activity 4: Read part one of the short story and discuss the questions.........................23 Activity 5: Read part two of the short story and discuss the characterisation...........28 Activity 6: Learn more about the characters and write a summary...............................32 Activity 7: Focus on literature..........................................................................................................35 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting ............................................................................................39 Activity 8: What is a reflective essay?...........................................................................................39 Activity 9: Brainstorm ideas and plan a reflective essay......................................................43 Activity 10: Write the first draft......................................................................................................43 Activity 11: Revise and edit your first draft...............................................................................43 Activity 12: Proofread and present your reflective essay....................................................44 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ...............................................................44 Activity 13: Prepositional phrases.................................................................................................44 Activity 14: Identify independent and dependent clauses..................................................46 UNIT 1: Weeks 3 – 4 ............................................................................................................................50 LESSON 2: Listen to the ocean ..........................................................................................................50 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking .............................................................................................51 Activity 15: Listen to a speech.........................................................................................................51 Activity 16: Prepare and present a speech.................................................................................55 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing .................................................................................................57 Activity 17: Read a speech.................................................................................................................57 Activity 18: Answer comprehension questions on the speech..........................................61 Activity 19: Study a visual text........................................................................................................62 Activity 20: Focus on literature.......................................................................................................65 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting..............................................................................................67 Activity 21: Brainstorm ideas for a speech................................................................................67 Activity 22: Plan your speech and write the first draft.........................................................67 Activity 23: Revise and edit your first draft...............................................................................68 Activity 24: Proofread and present your speech.....................................................................68 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ...............................................................68 Activity 25: Finite and non-finite verb.........................................................................................68 Activity 26: Adjectival and adverbial clauses............................................................................71

Facilitator’s Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

UNIT 1: Weeks 5 – 6 .............................................................................................................................73 LESSON 3: Is winning everything?...................................................................................................73 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking..............................................................................................74 Activity 27: Discuss an audio-visual text....................................................................................74 Activity 28: Do a listening comprehension and present a role play................................76 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing .................................................................................................78 Activity 29: Read a short story........................................................................................................78 Activity 30: Answer comprehension questions on the story.............................................86 Activity 31: Study a poem: ‘If’..........................................................................................................88 Activity 32: Focus on literature.......................................................................................................90 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting ............................................................................................93 Activity 33: Read a letter....................................................................................................................93 Activity 34: Plan a letter.....................................................................................................................95 Activity 35: Write the first draft and revise your letter........................................................95 Activity 36: Proofread and present your letter........................................................................96 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ...............................................................96 Activity 37: Diminutives.....................................................................................................................96 Activity 38: Adverbs of manner, time, place and degree......................................................97

UNIT 1: Weeks 7 – 8 .............................................................................................................................99 LESSON 4: Pressure to perform?......................................................................................................99 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 100 Activity 39: Discuss a magazine article...................................................................................... 100 Activity 40: Give an unprepared speech on a magazine article....................................... 102 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing ............................................................................................... 103 Activity 41: Read a newspaper article........................................................................................ 103 Activity 42: Answer comprehension and language questions......................................... 105 Activity 43: Study a poem: ‘Life is a race’.................................................................................. 107 Activity 44: Focus on literature..................................................................................................... 109 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 112 Activity 45: Write a newspaper article using a visual prompt........................................ 112 Activity 46: Plan your newspaper article.................................................................................. 113 Activity 47: Write the first draft.................................................................................................... 113 Activity 48: Edit, proofread and present your article.......................................................... 113 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 114 Activity 49: Match the proverbs to their meanings.............................................................. 114 Activity 50: Use apostrophes......................................................................................................... 115 UNIT 1: Weeks 9 – 10 ....................................................................................................................... 118 LESSON 5: Where do we get our news?....................................................................................... 118 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking ........................................................................................... 119 Activity 51: Are we really listening?............................................................................................ 119 Activity 52: Run a survey................................................................................................................. 120 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 122 Activity 53: Read an investigative report.................................................................................. 122 Activity 54: Study a poem: ‘The Road Not Taken’.................................................................. 126 Activity 55: Focus on literature..................................................................................................... 130 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting .......................................................................................... 131 © Impaq

Facilitator’s Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

Activity 56: Plan a report................................................................................................................. 131 Activity 57: Write the first draft.................................................................................................... 132 Activity 58: Revise and edit the first draft................................................................................ 132 Activity 59: Proofread and present your report.................................................................... 133 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 133 Activity 60: Regular and irregular verbs................................................................................... 133 Activity 61: Synonyms and antonyms........................................................................................ 134

UNIT 2: WEEKS 1 – 2 ........................................................................................................................ 137 LESSON 6: Where to from here?.................................................................................................... 137 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 138 Activity 62: Do a listening comprehension.............................................................................. 138 Activity 63: Give directions............................................................................................................. 139 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 140 Activity 64: Read a story.................................................................................................................. 140 Activity 65: Complete the cause and effect flow chart........................................................ 144 Activity 66: Study a visual text...................................................................................................... 145 Activity 67: Study a poem: ‘Caged Bird’..................................................................................... 147 Activity 68: Focus on literature..................................................................................................... 150 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting .......................................................................................... 153 Activity 69: Brainstorm and plan a set of instructions....................................................... 153 Activity 70: Write the first draft.................................................................................................... 154 Activity 71: Revise and edit your first draft............................................................................. 154 Activity 72: Proofread and present your instructions........................................................ 154 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 155 Activity 73: Sentence types............................................................................................................. 155 Activity 74: Present progressive tense....................................................................................... 156 UNIT 2: Weeks 3 – 4 .......................................................................................................................... 159 LESSON 7: What are we watching?............................................................................................... 159 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 160 Activity 75: Listen to a panel discussion................................................................................... 160 Activity 76: Listen to a debate....................................................................................................... 162 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 165 Activity 77: Study the advertisement......................................................................................... 165 Activity 78: Read a cartoon strip.................................................................................................. 167 Activity 79: Study a poem: ‘The Song of Sunrise’ ................................................................. 170 Activity 80: Focus on literature..................................................................................................... 173 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting .......................................................................................... 174 Activity 81: Brainstorm and plan a dialogue........................................................................... 174 Activity 82: Write the first draft.................................................................................................... 175 Activity 83: Revise and edit your first draft............................................................................. 176 Activity 84: Proofread and present your dialogue................................................................ 176 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 176 Activity 85: Use the negative form............................................................................................... 176 Activity 86: Recognise homonyms and homophones.......................................................... 178

Facilitator’s Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

UNIT 2: Weeks 5 – 6 ......................................................................................................................... 181 LESSON 8: How far can we go?....................................................................................................... 181 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking ........................................................................................... 182 Activity 87: Listen to an interview............................................................................................... 182 Activity 88: Do an interview........................................................................................................... 185 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing ............................................................................................... 187 Activity 89: Read an extract from a play................................................................................... 187 Activity 90: Read an interview...................................................................................................... 193 Activity 91: Study a poem: ‘Leisure’............................................................................................ 197 Activity 92: Focus on literature..................................................................................................... 200 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 202 Activity 93: Write an interview..................................................................................................... 202 Activity 94: Write the first draft.................................................................................................... 203 Activity 95: Revise and edit your first draft............................................................................. 204 Activity 96: Proofread and present your interview.............................................................. 204 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 204 Activity 97: Use commas.................................................................................................................. 204 Activity 98: Adverbs of frequency and place........................................................................... 206 UNIT 2: Weeks 7 – 8........................................................................................................................... 209 LESSON 9: What’s so funny?........................................................................................................... 209 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 210 Activity 99: Listen to an article..................................................................................................... 210 Activity 100: Have a discussion..................................................................................................... 212 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 213 Activity 101: Read an extract from a novel.............................................................................. 213 Activity 102: Answer comprehension and language questions...................................... 215 Activity 103: Read and enjoy a poem......................................................................................... 219 Activity 104: Focus on literature.................................................................................................. 222 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting .......................................................................................... 222 Activity 105: Brainstorm and plan a book review................................................................ 222 Activity 106: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 224 Activity 107: Revise and edit your book review.................................................................... 225 Activity 108: Proofread and present your book review..................................................... 225 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 225 Activity 109: Present continuous and present perfect tense........................................... 225 Activity 110: Proverbs....................................................................................................................... 228 UNIT 3: Weeks 1– 2............................................................................................................................ 230 LESSON 10: Let’s talk about it........................................................................................................ 230 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking ........................................................................................... 231 Activity 111: Listen to a dialogue................................................................................................. 231 Activity 112: Prepare and present a dialogue......................................................................... 233 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 234 Activity 113: Read a play.................................................................................................................. 234 Activity 114: Answer comprehension and language questions...................................... 238 Activity 115: Study a poem: ‘Have you earned your tomorrow?’................................... 239 Activity 116: Focus on literature.................................................................................................. 242 © Impaq

Facilitator’s Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 245 Activity 117: Brainstorm and plan a dialogue........................................................................ 245 Activity 118: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 246 Activity 119: Revise and edit your dialogue............................................................................ 246 Activity 120: Proofread and present your dialogue............................................................. 247 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 247 Activity 121: Direct and reported speech................................................................................. 247 Activity 122: Present continuous and present perfect tense........................................... 249

UNIT 3: Weeks 3 – 4 .......................................................................................................................... 252 LESSON 11: Attitude makes all the difference.......................................................................... 252 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 253 Activity 123: Listen to a letter to the press.............................................................................. 253 Activity 124: Discuss the letter to the press............................................................................ 254 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 256 Activity 125: Read a newspaper article..................................................................................... 256 Activity 126: Answer comprehension and language questions...................................... 257 Activity 127: Study a poem: ‘April Rain Song’......................................................................... 259 Activity 128: Focus on literature.................................................................................................. 261 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 262 Activity 129: Write a letter to the press.................................................................................... 262 Activity 130: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 264 Activity 131: Revise and edit your first draft.......................................................................... 265 Activity 132: Proofread and present your letter.................................................................... 265 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 265 Activity 133: Use prepositions...................................................................................................... 265 Activity 134: Adverbs of manner, place and degree............................................................. 267 UNIT 3: Weeks 5 – 6 .......................................................................................................................... 269 LESSON 12: Mystery or miracle?................................................................................................... 269 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 270 Activity 135: Give an unprepared speech................................................................................. 270 Activity 136: Give a prepared speech......................................................................................... 271 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 272 Activity 137: Read a short story and do a prepared reading............................................ 272 Activity 138: Answer comprehension and language questions...................................... 276 Activity 139: Study a poem: ‘A newly-born calf’.................................................................... 278 Activity 140: Focus on literature.................................................................................................. 280 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 282 Activity 141: Brainstorm and plan a formal letter................................................................ 282 Activity 142: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 284 Activity 143: Revise and edit your letter................................................................................... 284 Activity 144: Proofread and present your letter.................................................................... 284 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 285 Activity 145: Prefixes, suffixes and roots.................................................................................. 285 Activity 146: Present, past and future continuous tense................................................... 286

Facilitator’s Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

UNIT 3: Weeks 7 – 8 .......................................................................................................................... 289 LESSON 13: It’s all in the words..................................................................................................... 289 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 290 Activity 147: Listen to an information text.............................................................................. 290 Activity 148: Choose and retell a story...................................................................................... 292 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 293 Activity 149: Reading comprehension and language questions..................................... 293 Activity 150: Study a poem: ‘The rose that grew from concrete’................................... 293 Activity 151: Focus on literature.................................................................................................. 295 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 296 Activity 152: Brainstorm a story.................................................................................................. 296 Activity 153: Plan your story.......................................................................................................... 298 Activity 154: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 298 Activity 155: Revise and edit your story................................................................................... 299 Activity 156: Proofread and write the final version of your story................................. 299 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 299 Activity 157: Write sentences with a variety of phrasal verbs........................................ 299 Activity 158: Use adjectival and adverbial clauses............................................................... 301 UNIT 3: Weeks 9 – 10 ....................................................................................................................... 303 LESSON 14: Family matters............................................................................................................ 303 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking ........................................................................................... 304 Activity 159: Listen to a recorded story.................................................................................... 304 Activity 160: Present a prepared reading aloud.................................................................... 306 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 306 Activity 161: Read a short story................................................................................................... 306 Activity 162: Read and understand a cartoon strip............................................................. 311 Activity 163: Study a poem: ‘Sisters’........................................................................................... 313 Activity 164: Focus on literature.................................................................................................. 315 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 317 Activity 165: Brainstorm and plan a descriptive essay...................................................... 317 Activity 166: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 319 Activity 167: Revise and edit your first draft.......................................................................... 319 Activity 168: Proofread and present your essay.................................................................... 319 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 320 Activity 169: Use punctuation correctly.................................................................................... 320 Activity 170: Complete a crossword puzzle............................................................................. 321 UNIT 4: Weeks 1 – 2 .......................................................................................................................... 323 LESSON 15: To space and back...................................................................................................... 323 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 324 Activity 171: Listen to a newspaper article............................................................................. 324 Activity 172: Discuss the newspaper article........................................................................... 326 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 327 Activity 173: Read a newspaper article..................................................................................... 327 Activity 174: Study a visual text.................................................................................................... 330 Activity 175: Study a poem: ‘The Day the Saucers Came’.................................................. 332 Activity 176: Focus on literature.................................................................................................. 334 © Impaq

Facilitator’s Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

SECTION 3: Writing and presenting .......................................................................................... 336 Activity 177: Brainstorm and plan a newspaper article.................................................... 336 Activity 178: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 337 Activity 179: Revise and edit your article................................................................................. 337 Activity 180: Proofread and present your article.................................................................. 338 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions ............................................................. 338 Activity 181: Singular and plural.................................................................................................. 338 Activity 182: Gender and diminutives........................................................................................ 339 UNIT 4: Weeks 3 – 4 .......................................................................................................................... 341 LESSON 16: Peace in our time........................................................................................................ 341 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 342 Activity 183: Argue one side of a debate................................................................................... 342 Activity 184: Have a discussion..................................................................................................... 343 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 345 Activity 185: Read an extract from a play................................................................................. 345 Activity 186: Read diary entries................................................................................................... 349 Activity 187: Study the lyrics of a song...................................................................................... 351 Activity 188: Focus on literature.................................................................................................. 353 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting .......................................................................................... 354 Activity 189: Brainstorm and plan diary entries................................................................... 354 Activity 190: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 356 Activity 191: Revise and edit your diary entries................................................................... 356 Activity 192: Proofread and present your diary.................................................................... 356 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 356 Activity 193: Ambiguous sentences............................................................................................ 356 Activity 194: Learn more about mood....................................................................................... 357 UNIT 4: Weeks 5 – 6 .......................................................................................................................... 360 LESSON 17: Get on track.................................................................................................................. 360 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 361 Activity 195: Listen to a recorded version of a story........................................................... 361 Activity 196: Write and present a dialogue based on the text read aloud.................. 362 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 362 Activity 197: Read an extract from a play................................................................................. 362 Activity 198: Read act one, scene two of the extract............................................................ 365 Activity 199: Study a poem: ‘Corner’.......................................................................................... 368 Activity 200: Focus on literature.................................................................................................. 371 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting............................................................................................ 371 Activity 201: Write and present a journalistic report......................................................... 371 Activity 202: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 372 Activity 203: Revise and edit your report ................................................................................ 373 Activity 204: Proofread and present your report.................................................................. 373 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 373 Activity 205: Write sentences in direct and reported speech ......................................... 373 Activity 206: Synonyms and antonyms..................................................................................... 375

Facilitator’s Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

UNIT 4: Weeks 7 – 8 .......................................................................................................................... 377 LESSON 18: Stay on track................................................................................................................ 377 SECTION 1: Listening and speaking............................................................................................ 378 Activity 208: Give a prepared speach......................................................................................... 378 SECTION 2: Reading and viewing................................................................................................ 379 Activity 209: Read a story................................................................................................................ 379 Activity 210: Answer comprehension questions................................................................... 382 Activity 211: Answer language questions................................................................................ 383 Activity 212: Revise notes on poetry and literature............................................................ 384 Activity 213: Focus on literature.................................................................................................. 384 SECTION 3: Writing and presenting .......................................................................................... 385 Activity 214: Write a film review.................................................................................................. 385 Activity 215: Write the first draft................................................................................................. 386 Activity 216: Revise and edit your review................................................................................ 386 Activity 217: Proofread and present your review................................................................. 386 SECTION 4: Language structures and conventions.............................................................. 387 Activity 218: Revise clauses and sentences............................................................................. 387 Activity 219: Revise tenses............................................................................................................. 388 RUBRICS................................................................................................................................................ 390 REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................ 397

YEAR PLAN UNIT

DATE STARTED

LESSON LESSON 1: The sound of the ocean LESSON 2: Listen to the ocean

LESSON 3: Is winning everything? LESSON 4: Pressure to perform?

LLESSON 5: Where do we get our news? 2

LESSON 6: Where to from here?

LESSON 7: What are we watching? LESSON 8: How far can we go? LESSON 9: What’s so funny?

LESSON 10: Let’s talk about it

LESSON 11: Attitude makes all the difference LESSON 12: Mystery or miracle? LESSON 13: It’s all in the words LESSON 14: Family matters

LESSON 15: To space and back LESSON 16: Peace in our time LESSON 17: Get on track

LESSON 18: Stay on track

Facilitator’s Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

DATE COMPLETED

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

Unit

UNIT 1: Weeks 1 – 2

LESSON 1: The sound of the ocean

Skills

Study Guide

Listening and speaking Complete a listening comprehension Have a discussion Reading and viewing Know the parts of a book Read part one of the short story and discuss the questions Read part two of the short story and discuss the characterisation Learn more about the characters and write a summary Focus on literature Writing and presenting What is a reflective essay? Brainstorm ideas and plan a reflective essay Write the first draft Revise and edit the first draft Proofread and present a reflective essay Language structures and conventions Sentence level work Prepositional phrases Identify independent and dependent clauses

Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 Activity 7

Activity 8 Activity 9 Activity 10 Activity 11 Activity 12 Activity 13 Activity 14

Unit

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

SECTION 1

Listening and speaking

Activity 1: Complete a listening comprehension 1 hour Ask learners to discuss the theme of the lesson. Ask them to look at the illustration on the opening page and discuss what they see. There are eight parts of speech. Revise the first four with the learners. Ask them to come up the required sentences. Quick revision of parts of speech and a few examples. 1.

Nouns name people, places and things. There are different types of nouns: • Proper nouns are names used for specific people, places, things or ideas. Days, months and holidays begin with a capital letter: Busisiswe, Cape Town • Common nouns refer to regular people, places or things – not capitalised: computer, textbook • Abstract nouns identify concepts, experiences, ideas, qualities and feelings you cannot touch, see, hear, smell or taste: happiness, joy, pride • Collective nouns indicate a group of people objects, ideas or animals as a single concept: a litter of puppies, the flight of stairs • Compound nouns are words for people, animals, places, things or ideas, made up of two or more words. Compound nouns often have a meaning different to, or more specific than, the two separate words. They can be ‘closed’ (all one word), e.g., grasshopper, or ‘open’ (two words to make the noun), e.g., bus stop, take-off. Other examples: watermelon, daughter-in-law, swimming pool Give THREE of your own examples for each type of noun.

Pronouns replace nouns in a sentence • Personal pronouns refer to people and things and are used in the place of a person or thing: he, she, it, they • Possessive pronouns indicate ownership and are used to avoid repeating information already given: yours, mine, ours, theirs • Reflexive pronouns indicate that the object and subject of the sentence are the same: himself, herself, themselves, ourselves

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

• •

Unit

Indefinite pronouns refer to people, places or things that are unknown or not stated. Indefinite pronouns use the singular form of verbs: one, anyone, someone, no one, everyone Relative pronouns refer to nouns mentioned previously and can be used to join two sentences: who, whose, that, which Write THREE sentences using each of these pronouns.

Verbs show actions or states of being • Action verbs show motion, i.e. something you can ‘do’: sail, walk, dance • Auxiliary verbs help the main verb show the action: is, am are, has, have, was, were • Linking verbs show a state of being or a condition. They also connect a subject with a noun or adjective that is the subject: is, am, are, was, were. It seems like it is a nice day. Trevor is a good driver. Give TWO sentences using each of these verbs.

Adjectives describe, identify, quantify or modify nouns or pronouns. The order of adjectives in a series should be: Quantity or number  quality or opinion  size  age  shape  colour  origin  purpose. For example: I love those two big, yellow German trucks. • Descriptive adjectives tell us the size, colour or shape of a person, place or thing: the rough seas, the high tides, the enormous ocean liner • Proper adjectives are modifiers formed from a proper noun, they typically look like their original proper nouns but have an alternative ending to make them adjectives: the South African public, the Icelandic project, I love Italian food • Numerical adjectives say something about the number or quantity: several, some, most, one, twelve, every • Adjectives of order: first, second, last • Demonstrative adjectives point out which specific pronouns and nouns are mentioned and always come before the word they are referring to: this, that, these, those • Possessive adjectives show possession or ownership and always come before the noun: his savings account, our cruise ship • Interrogative adjectives ask questions and always come before the noun they refer to: Whose book is that? What did Mr Botibol want to do? • Compound adjectives are single adjectives made up of more than one word, e.g., two-seater aircraft, free-range eggs. The words in a compound adjective are often linked together with a hyphen (or hyphens) to show they are part of the same adjective. Learners write one sentence for each adjective. 17

Unit

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

This year, learners will study a set book by Roald Dahl called The Wonderful Story of Henry Sugar & Six More. Tell them they will now do a listening comprehension where they will be required to listen to a short text on the life of Roald Dahl and then answer questions on what they have heard. Remind them to have pen and paper ready and to write down important points as you read. Read the synopsis on the life of Roald Dahl to the learners twice. On the first reading, they must not write anything down, only listen. On the second reading, they should have pen and paper ready and write down important points.

Roald Dahl was born on 13 September 1916 in Llandaff, South Wales in the United Kingdom. His parents were Norwegian, and he spent his summer holidays with his grandparents in Oslo. His father died when he was only four years old. Dahl started school at Llandaff Cathedral School, but he was always in trouble for being mischievous, boisterous and full of tricks. He was then sent to a British boarding school called St Peters and later Repton, another private school. His mother offered to send him to Oxford or Cambridge, but he wanted to go to ‘wonderful faraway places like Africa or China’. He went on an expedition to Newfoundland and then took a job with the Shell Oil Company in Tanzania.

When World War II broke out, Dahl joined the Royal Air Force where he became a fighter pilot. He sustained serious injuries when he crash-landed in Egypt. Dahl began his writing career with short stories aimed at adult readers. His first short story was published in the Saturday Evening Post. He published nine short story collections, one of which we will study this year. He is quoted as saying, ‘As I went on the stories became less and less realistic and more fantastic.’ Dahl wrote his first children’s book James and the Giant Peach in 1961. In 1964, he published the hugely popular Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. He wrote over 19 children’s books. The BFG, however, was Dahl’s favourite. Although his books are very popular, they have been criticised by some adults and critics as the children often gain harsh revenge on adult wrongdoers, but this is probably what delights children so much. Many of Dahl’s children’s books were made into films, but he despised them.

Dahl knew what children liked. He is quoted as saying, ‘Children are highly critical. And they lose interest so quickly. You must keep things ticking along. And if you think a child is getting bored, you must think up something that jolts it back. Something that tickles. You have to know what children like.’ This was certainly true of Dahl; he knew exactly what children liked. Dahl wrote his autobiography in Boy: Tales of Childhood. He died on 23 November 1990. © Impaq

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

Unit

Ask learners to write 1 – 15 in the margin of their exercise books. Read out each question and give them enough time to answer before going on to the next question. Learners only write the correct letter of the answer next to each number. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9.

10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Dahl was born in: a) Tanzania b) South Wales c) Norway He was born in: a) 1906 b) 1915 c) 1916 When Dahl was young, he spent his summer holidays in _____ with his grandparents: a) Oslo b) Newfoundland c) Llandaff Dahl attended ____ schools throughout his schooling career: a) four b) three c) two Which word best describes Dahl while he was at school: a) academic b) scholarly c) naughty After finishing school, Dahl went to: a) Newfoundland b) Oxford c) Cambridge In World War II, Dahl served as a/an: a) army officer b) soldier c) fighter pilot Dahl started his writing career by writing: a) newspaper articles b) short stories c) children’s stories Dahl sustained serious injuries in World War II in: a) Newfoundland b) Tanzania c) Egypt How many short story collections did Dahl publish? a) 9 b) 8 c) 19 Some of the criticisms levelled at Dahl’s children’s books were that: a) they were unrealistic b) they were too far-fetched c) the children gained revenge on the adult wrongdoers. Dahl _____ the films made from his children’s books: a) loved b) tolerated c) hated Dahl’s children’s books were so popular because of the way: a) he kept the plot moving along quickly b) he wrote about things that children delight in c) his stories were fantastical and unrealistic d) a and b, e) a, b and c How old was Dahl when he died? a) 72 b) 74 c) 73 Which word would you use to describe Dahl? a) adventurous b) cautious c) reserved and shy

Let learners mark their work and discuss their answers as you give the correct answer.

Activity 2: Have a discussion 1 hour 1.

Read this story to the learners and then ask them how it makes them feel.

A ten-year-old boy walked into a coffee shop and found himself a table. A waitress put a glass of water in front of him. ‘How much is ice cream and chocolate sauce, please?’ he asked. ‘Twenty rand,’ replied the waitress. The boy pulled his hand from his pocket and studied a few coins in his palm. ‘How much for a bowl of ice cream only?’ he asked. Some people were now waiting for a table and the waitress was a bit impatient. ‘Eighteen rand,’ she said brusquely.

Unit

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

The little boy again counted the coins. ‘I’ll have the plain ice cream, please,’ he said. The waitress brought the ice cream, put the bill on the table and walked away. The boy finished the ice cream, paid the cashier and left. When the waitress came back, she began wiping down the table and then swallowed hard at what she saw. There, placed neatly beside the empty dish, was two rand – her tip. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Which of these words would you use to describe the boy’s actions? a) thoughtful b) selfless c) generous d) considerate From the context, can you determine the meaning of ‘brusquely’? abruptly, bluntly, curtly, shortly, gruffly, tersely, sharply, discourteously Ask learners whether they know any heart-warming stories they could share or share a heart-warming story of your own. Briefly revise the next four parts of speech with learners using the information in the study guide. Adverbs describe or intensify the meaning of a verb, an adjective or another adverb. There are adverbs of: • • • • • • • •

Time (when, how long or how often the action happened): today, yesterday, now, later Place (where the action happened): here, there, behind, inside Manner (how something is done): greedily, happily, solemnly Frequency (how often something happens): often, seldom, never, frequently Degree (the intensity or degree of an action): so, very, quite, rather, almost, absolutely Affirmation (to say yes): certainly, probably, definitely Negation (to say no): not, never Interrogative adverbs: The interrogative adverbs why, where, how, and when are placed at the beginning of a question. These questions can be answered with a sentence or a prepositional phrase. After an interrogative adverb in a question, you must invert the subject and verb so the verb comes first. Use one of each adverb in a sentence.

Prepositions show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and another word in the sentence: towards, across, in, on, with, under, behind, against, beneath, above. For example: He walked along the beach. Write THREE sentences using one preposition in each sentence. © Impaq

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

Unit

Conjunctions join two or more phrases. • Co-ordinating conjunctions join two or more sentences or main clauses. They always connect words, phrases or clauses of equal importance: for, and, but, or, yet, so. For example: She loves dancing and modelling. • Subordinating conjunctions join the main clause to a subordinate (dependent) clause of the same idea: after, although, since, before, because, until, so as, if, when, whenever • Correlative conjunctions work in pairs to join phrases or words that carry equal importance in a sentence: either/or, neither/nor, rather/than, no sooner/than, not/ but. For example: Neither Dahl nor the producer liked the film version. Write one sentence with each conjunction. Interjections show emotion, facial expressions and body language. They are the emojis of the sentence: Yay! Yipee! Ouch! Wow! Gosh! Really! Write two sentences using interjections.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. •

Ask learners whether they have ever tried to persuade someone to do something? Let them give examples and then say what type of words they used. Tell learners they have one minute to persuade someone (you or another learner) to vote for them in the upcoming Junior Council Elections. Evaluate them and say how persuasive they were. Swap roles. Let learners write a list of all the persuasive words and techniques they used. Ask whether they can determine the difference between persuasion and manipulation? Ask learners to share some of their favourite television or radio advertisements and explain what they are trying to persuade the public to do, and why they think they are successful or not. Guide learners to the list of persuasive words and techniques in the study guide. Discuss whether they had similar words or techniques on their lists. Ask learners whether they think persuasion can be both good and bad and to give reasons for their answer. Discuss the following notes on persuasive and manipulative language. Connotation: words have a positive, neutral or negative feeling that goes beyond the literal meaning. 21

Unit

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

Persuasive language: We all use persuasive language when we want to convince others to accept our ideas and opinions, or to convince them to take a course of action. It is generally regarded as positive. For example, a persuasive speech can be used to inspire people to change for the better or to do something good and worthwhile. Manipulative language: Persuasion can become negative if it is used to convince someone to do something that is harmful or if it employs trickery or cunning. This negative effect is called manipulation – when we try to manipulate (control or influence) someone for our own good. For example, in advertising, we are often ‘manipulated’ into wanting or buying things we do not really need or cannot afford.

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Persuasive and manipulative techniques • Use facts and figures or give expert evidence. Three thousand people have already benefitted. Professor Bhengu states … • Say why something is a good idea. • Tell an anecdote that shows why it is a good idea. My uncle Jim was … • Use emotive words that evoke strong emotions in the listener. Your family relies on you … • Use hyperbole (exaggeration). I’ll be the best in the world! • Use inclusive language. Say us and we, not you. Together we can do it. • Use flattery. You are all thinking people … • Repetition. Never, never and never again! • Use rhetorical questions. We all want to benefit from the programme, don’t we? • Use figures of speech, for example, alliteration. Never, never and never again! Give your own examples of some of these techniques.

SECTION 2

Reading and viewing

Activity 3: Know the parts of a book 1 hour It is important that learners are familiar with all the various parts of a book. Use the study guide and guide learners through the text features and parts of the book: title page, contents page, introduction, year plan, unit headings, lesson titles, illustrations, headings, appendix with list of references and rubrics. Select another book that has all these parts (for example, a reference book): title page, contents page, chapters, glossary, index, appendix, footnote, bibliography. Help learners navigate their way around the book. © Impaq

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

Let learners match the columns in the study guide.

Unit

Match the part of the book in column A, with the definition in column B and write the illustration number in column C. MEMORANDUM: ACTIVITY 3 Name of part of the book Definition Illustration number b) the page at the beginning of the Title page book giving its title, author and 1 publisher d) a list of the chapters or titles in the Contents page 2 order in which they appear e) the parts into which a book is Chapters 5 divided g) an alphabetical list of new words Glossary 3 at the end of a book h) an alphabetical list at the end of a book giving the subjects covered in Index 6 the book and the page number(s) on which they appear c) a section at the end of a book that Appendix 7 gives additional information f) a note at the bottom of a page that Footnote provides more information about 4 something mentioned in the text a) a list of books and references used Bibliography 8 in an academic book

Activity 4: Read part one of the short story and discuss the questions 1 hour Learners must do research and find out about the life and works of Roald Dahl. Ask them to particularly pay attention to his style of writing as well as his biography. Use the information below to direct learners if necessary.

Roald Dahl (Born 13 September 1916 in Wales. Died 23 November 1990.) He was a spy, an ace fighter pilot, a chocolate historian, a medical inventor, author, poet and television screenwriter. His books, both children and adult, contain humour and usually an element of the macabre. His books continue to amaze and delight adults and children alike. Give learners the opportunity to read alternate passages aloud.

ÂŠ Impaq

Unit

‘A dip in the pool’ (Roald Dahl)

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

On the morning of the third day, the sea calmed. Even the most delicate passengers – those who had not been seen around the ship since sailing time – came out of their rooms and made their way slowly onto the sundeck and sat there, with their faces turned to the pale January sun. It had been rough for the first two days, and this sudden calm, and the sense of comfort that came with it made the whole ship seem much friendlier. By the time evening came, the passengers, with twelve hours of good weather behind them, were beginning to feel more courageous. At eight o’clock that night, the main dining room was filled with people eating and drinking with the confident appearance of experienced sailors.

The meal was not half over when the passengers realised, by the slight movement of their bodies on the seats of their chairs that the big ship had started rolling again. It was very gentle at first, just a slow, lazy leaning to one side, then to the other, but it was enough to cause a slight but immediate loss of good humour around the room. A few of the passengers looked up from their food, waiting, almost listening for the next roll, smiling nervously, with little secret looks of fear in their eyes. Some were completely calm; others were openly pleased with themselves and made jokes about the food and the weather to annoy the few who were beginning to suffer. The movement of the ship then became rapidly more and more violent and only five or six minutes after the first roll had been noticed, the ship was swinging heavily from side to side. At last, a bad roll came, and Mr William Botibol, sitting at the purser’s table, saw his plate of fish sliding suddenly away from under his fork. Everybody, now, was reaching for plates and wine glasses. Mrs Renshaw, seated at the purser’s right, gave a little scream and held onto that gentleman’s arm.

‘It’s going to be a rough night,’ the purser said, looking at Mrs Renshaw. ‘I think there’s a storm coming that will give us a very rough night.’ There was just the faintest suggestion of pleasure in the way he said it. Most of the passengers continued with their meal. A small number, including Mrs Renshaw, got carefully to their feet and made their way between the tables and through the doorway, trying to hide the urgency they felt.

‘Well,’ the purser said, ‘There she goes.’ He looked round with approval at the remaining passengers who were sitting quietly, with their faces showing openly that pride that travellers seem to take in being recognised as ‘good sailors’. When the eating was finished, and the coffee had been served, Mr Botibol, who had been unusually serious and thoughtful since the rolling started, suddenly stood up and carried his cup of coffee around to Mrs Renshaw’s empty place, next to the purser. He seated himself in her chair, then immediately leaned over and began to whisper urgently in the purser’s ear. © Impaq

Facilitator's Guide G08 ~ English Home Language

Unit

‘Excuse me,’ he said, ‘but could you tell me something, please?’ The purser, small and fat and red, bent forward to listen. ‘What’s the trouble, Mr Botibol?’ ‘What I want to know is this.’ The man’s face was anxious, and the purser was watching it. ‘What I want to know is: will the captain already have made his guess at the day’s run – you know, for the competition? I mean, will he have done so before it began to get rough like this?’ The purser lowered his voice, as one does when answering a whisperer. ‘I should think so – yes.’ ‘About how long ago do you think he did it?’ ‘Some time this afternoon. He usually does it in the afternoon.’ ‘About what time?’ ‘Oh, I don’t know. Around four o’clock I should think.’ ‘Now tell me another thing. How does the captain decide which number it will be? Does he take a lot of trouble over that?’ The purser looked at the anxious face of Mr Botibol and smiled, knowing quite well what the man was trying to find out. ‘Well, you see, the captain has a little meeting with the second officer, and they study the weather and a lot of other things, and then they make their guess.’

Mr Botibol thought about this answer for a moment. Then he said, ‘Do you think the captain knew there was bad weather coming today?’ ‘I couldn’t tell you,’ the purser replied. He was looking into the small black eyes of the other man, seeing two single little spots of excitement dancing in their centres. ‘I really couldn’t tell you, Mr Botibol. I wouldn’t know.’ ‘If this gets any worse, it might be worth buying some of the low numbers. What do you think?’ The whispering was more urgent, more anxious now. ‘Perhaps it will,’ the purser said. ‘I doubt whether the captain allowed for a really rough night. It was quite calm this afternoon when he made his guess.’ The others at the table had become silent and were trying to hear what the purser was saying. ‘Now suppose you could buy a number, which one would you choose today?’ Mr Botibol asked. ‘I don’t know what the range is yet,’ the purser patiently answered. ‘They don’t announce the range until the auction starts after dinner. And I’m not very good at it in any case. I’m only the purser, you know.’ At that point, Mr Botibol stood up. ‘Excuse me, everyone,’ he said, and he walked carefully away between the other tables. Twice he had to catch hold of the back of a chair to steady himself against the ship’s roll. As he stepped out onto the sundeck, he felt the full force of the wind. He took hold of the rail and held on tight with both hands, and he stood there looking out over the darkening sea where the great waves were rising high. ‘Quite bad out there, isn’t it sir?’ said a waiter, as he went back inside again. Mr Botibol was combing his hair back into place with a small red comb. ‘Do you think we’ve slowed down at all because of the weather?’ he asked. ‘Oh, yes, sir. We’ve slowed down a great deal since this started. You have to slow down in weather like this or you’ll be throwing the passengers all over the ship.’ Down in the smoking-room people were already arriving for the auction. They were grouping themselves politely around the various tables, the men a little stiff in their dinner