CONDYLAR FRACTURES
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classification • Unilateral / Bilateral • Rowe & killey - intracapsular # - extracapsular # - fractures assotd with injury to capsule, ligaments nd meniscus. - fractures involving adjacent bones.
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Clinical classificationMcLennan • Undisplaced- a simple crack seen without alteration in the normal relation of the condyle • Deviation- a simple angulation between the condylar neck nd ramus • Displacement-Overlap of the condylar process nd the ramus. Obliquely fractured condylar fragment lies lateral to ramus www.indiandentalacademy.com
• Dislocation-Here the condyle is out of the TMJ space,the condylar fragment gets pulled anteriorly nd medially by the lateral pterygoid
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LINDHAL’S Classification • It is based on 3 criteria: -LEVEL OF THE FRACTURE -RELATION OF CONDYLAR FRAGMENT TO MANDIBLE -RELATION OF CONDYLAR HEAD TO THE FOSSA
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• Fracture level: -condylar head# -condylar neck# -subcondylar # • Relation of condylar head to mandible -Undisplaced -Deviated -Displacement with medial overlap -Displacement with lateral overlap -Anteroposterior overlap(rarely) -No contact between the fragments
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• Relation of condylar head to glenoid -No displacement -Displacement
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Signs & Symptoms • Evidence of trauma:facial contusions,abrasions,laceration on chin,ecchymosis/hematoma in TMJ area. • Bleeding from the ext.auditory canal • Palpable swelling over the TMJ region • Facial asymmetry either due to softtissue edema or foreshortening of ramus • Pain and tenderness over the TMJ www.indiandentalacademy.com
• Crepitation over the affected joint. • Malocclusion • Deviation of the mandibular midline, both at rest and with attempted excursion of mandible. • Muscular spasm • Dentoalveolar injuries.
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