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editor’s NOTE
In the1960s, American psychologist Harry Harlow conducted a series of experiments which involved separating infant rhesus monkeys from their mother’s just hours after birth. Each infant was given a choice between two dummy mothers. One was made of wire and held a milk bottle; another was covered in synthetic fur to resemble a real money but provided no food. Harlow assumed the monkeys would gravitate towards the mother surrogate which gave them a basic need: sustenance. Much to his surprise, the monkeys preferred their realistic looking cloth surrogate mother for comfort and security, and would only select the metal wire mother when they needed food. Harlow’s experiments fleshed out “form, function, feeling,” by American architect Louis Sullivan, the core of modern human design principles. Form and function have become universal concepts, but there’s a third, more subtle factor at play in design: feeling. In fact, the famous dictum is indicative of the quantum leap to design. Take for example, brick phones that were once popular in the 90s. Who knew they would someday be replaced by ultra-slim, sleek and lightweight smartphones that never leave our palms? And since humans are emotional beings, anthromorphized designs that put ‘feeling’ into the equation, makes complete sense. Our Cover Story, ‘Most Brilliant Product Designs of 2015’ highlights the invisible currency of contemporary human life: mastering the design thinking process by adding ‘feeling’ to create human-centric designs and solve the equation, i.e. modern human problems. To quote Charles Eames: “Recognizing the need is the primary condition for design.”
Like always, we welcome your comments (facebook.com/ Technowize, @technowize on Twitter). You may reach us at editor@technowize.com or Editor - Technowize, The Fastest Media, 3651 Lindell Road, Suite 320D, Las Vegas, NV 89103.
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Our Team Editorial
Technology
Design
Anna Domanska Editor-in-Chief
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Christy Gren Sub-Editor
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Advertising Richard Dean Advertising Manager
Project Management Tony Raval Project Director Jay Raol Project Director
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TECHNOWIZE FEATURES
28 TECHNOPOLIS
10
Machine Dreams: How NASA Imagines Life on Mars
54
Cyberpunks Want To Hack Your Body
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Most Brilliant Product Designs of 2016
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SPOTTING
Wind. Water. Sun. Coffee: Your Early Morning Brew Powers Sustainable Development
HARDWARE, INC.
Instruments of War: Undetectable Hardware Backdoor Is Aiding Hackers
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DATA PI
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Weakest Passwords Revealed & They’re Ridiculously Overused!
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One Against All: Where Is Bot Craze Going To Lead Tech Giants?
Games People Play: The Folly of Virtual Stock-Trading Games
104 THE NERDIST
Is Pokémon Go A Privacy Mess? TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Bringing you the latest cult coverage straight from the tech world - find out about people and companies defining the cutting edge of technology and shaping leaders of the future: entrepreneurs coming from situations set against the backdrop of humble environments.
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A I F LAV O R S YOUR BEER One thing, which any proud connoisseur would know is that beer somehow happens to be a living element. The flavor of beer keeps evolving consistently with time. It’s observed that the flavor of bottled beer is completely different to that of the open one. The constant evolution in the flavor of this hoppy item offers a lot more choice to its fans. This is probably one of the biggest forces behind driving the successful micro-brewery movement. London-based company IntelligentX collaborated with artificial intelligence to brew beer. Dr. Rob McInerney, co-founder of IntelligentX, refers to his work as data structured creativity. The brilliant AI combination allows the firm to enhance their brews with every passing generation. In fact, they hint their motive right on the label of products manufactured. IntelligentX displays the numbers of the version just like software pieces. So how do they gather the data related to customers’ preferences? They do it by using a Facebook chatbot. After downing four different IntelligentX beers namely Pale AI, Golden AI, Amber AI, and Black AI, beta testers initiated a conversation with the ABI chatbot. In the chat, they shared their thoughts about the drink. An algorithm processed the data collected by the bot, allowing the firm to tweak the beer ingredients to craft a brew, which was more pleasant. The Bayesian decision-making technique combined with reinforcement learning allows AI to learn from the successful tweak experience. As the algorithm goes on getting better, the beer firm hopes it will help the team eventually by winning a major competition using the strengthening recipes. The artificial intelligence is perfectly capable of educating itself based on the feedbacks obtained via customers.
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This isn’t perhaps the first time individuals have used technology in the quest for a great beer. A countertop device named Fizzics applies sound waves to make the flavors of its bottled beer taste like tap water. One of the signature abilities of artificial intelligence is machine learning, and the breweries are now looking forward to these abilities.
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CYBERPUNKS WANT TO
HACK YOUR BODY
Is it possible to hack the senses? Most of us would laugh at the idea, but the Hack the Senses hackathon organized in London demonstrated the otherwise. By hacking the senses, they meant trying to fetch some significant bits of information from the surroundings, and make it perceptible. The sensory substitution is like taking a single modality and communicating the accumulated data via another sensory modality. Substitution could include offering sound information or the ability to hear impaired individuals via touch. For instance, reading a cruel or disgusting tweet could leave a bad taste in your mouth with the help of sentiment analysis. This segment of technology can also be used to consider fresh data streams. These streams can be anything, from the seismic movement of the Earth to Twitter sentiment analysis to the fluctuations in the stock exchange. But the end goal should be to make the available data perceptible. HearSee, a team of two men have built a headband, which taps right into synaesthesia. It translates variations in videos to sound, offering individuals with weak or no vision at all, to view the motion. Another project named Follow Your Wings uses touch-powered navigation. The vibration pads tied on the shoulder of wearer navigates turning and stopping points. Similar to the above-mentioned projects, which work on senses, a project named Sense the Match, can analyze social media buzzes and data, thumps or warms up when someone around shares the similar qualities or interests. This kind of technology may arrive handy at a job fair or a speed dating night. The prototype uses Arduino in the formation circuit. Sure, the projects may sound silly, but that’s the point. The concept behind arranging the hackathon is clear. Human enhancement’s entire discourse TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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focuses mostly on productivity and efforts to boost people’s effectiveness in a particular domain. The organizers want to demonstrate enhancements in human experiences by adding a nuance using sensory hacking technologies.
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IT’S TRUE, POKÉMON GO IS A LOW-KEY FITNESS APP
Unless you’re one of those individuals who’ve been hiding away in some burrow, you’ve certainly heard about the Pokémon Go craze going on around the world. The brilliant incorporation of the physical world with virtual reality is the element that makes this game unique. It’s not just a game, it’s a revolution. The most interesting feature about the game is that addicted players get a daily dose of the workout while having fun at the same time. Normally, gamers are used to sitting all day long on the couch in front of the PlayStation or Xbox with their VR headgear on. The same is not the case with Pokemon Go. It urges these lazy gamers to go out in an open space, breathe fresh air, do some exercise by walking around, and have fun. If you’re already used to work out regularly at some fitness center, it’s good for you. But, in case you’re one of those Americans who are constantly on the search mission to find a compelling motivation in order to move out of the four walls and get active, Pokémon Go is just for you. Exercise should be done with positive intentions, and not the forced ones. You’ve to make up your mind to follow the schedule once you get on to it. Pokémon Go directs you in a similar way without bothering for intense workouts. The game cleverly distracts you from the task that’s being executed, without allowing you to even realize it. You can go on walking 12 kilometers and you wouldn’t even know. To extract the best of Pokémon Go as a fitness game, choose to bike or walk instead of driving a two-wheeler or four-wheeler vehicle. Walking or cycling would make your game a real workout, in return, leaving you with the TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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satisfaction of burning a few calories with ease and earning the end goal at the same time.
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ROVER
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MODERN MARTIAN The next rover to be sent by NASA to MARS survived through an extensive process of review. The life-hunting 2020 rover developed by NASA is prepared to start the final construction and design phase. If everything goes as per the strategy, the six-wheeled bot will be ready to blast off in 2020. It’ll touch down the surface in February 2021, in a spot, which remains yet to be determined, and following the landing, it’ll explore the Martian surface for minimum two years. The rover for 2020 has been designed to accommodate seven specifically selected instruments in order to conduct unparalleled exploration and science technology investigations on the Red Planet. The major scientific objective of the 2020 Mission Mars is to discover the signs of life. The surface of modern Martian is dry, radiation-blasted, and cold, but the same wasn’t always the situation. Previous Mars rover of NASA, also known as Curiosity, had found itself landed amid a huge crater, which potentially hosted a lake-and-stream system that was inhabitable, billions of years ago. Similarly, other spacecrafts sent by NASA for the purpose of mission Mars turned up with additional evidence, which suggested that the ancient Red Planet used to be a relatively wet and warm world. The 2020 rover by NASA will probe further for signs of life in the past, potentially not existing, on Mars, with the help of its pack of several seven science instruments. Mastcam-Z, Radar Imager for Mars’ Subsurface Exploration (RIMFAX), SuperCam, Radar Imager for Mars’ Subsurface Exploration (RIMFAX), Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry (PIXL), Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer(MEDA), Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman & Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC), and Mars Oxygen ISRU Experiment(MOXIE) are the instruments to be carried by 2020 Mars rover. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Mars 2020 will investigate a targeted Martian surface where there are the possibilities of ancient environment that may have been a favorable condition for microbial life. Further, it’ll probe the rocks on surface of Mars for past life evidence. Throughout the extensive investigation, the rover will collect various samples of rock and soil, and cache these samples on the surface for possible voyage back to Earth via a future mission. About the design element of Mars, an absolutely latest subsystem carried by Mars 2020, which will collect the samples of soil and rocks, will include a rack of sample tubes and coring drill on the arm. Almost 30 of such sample tubes will be deposited at particular areas for further investigations to be carried out by future missions. The bot has been designed with almighty science instruments, which will offer three different kinds of spectroscopy and high-resolution imaging for the purpose of characterizing soil and rocks from a certain distance. The rover 2020 will use the similar landing system, i.e. sky crane, which was also used by its previous similar mission Curiosity. But, unlike the previous rover, Mars 2020 arrives with the ability to land itself in more challenging, and rough terrains. This will make even rugged sites on Mars, eligible candidates for offering safe landings.
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CIVIS ANALYTICS WILL DETERMINE
THE NEXT US PRESIDENT After the US Presidential Election 2012, Dan Wagner, chief analysis officer, made himself busy plotting a next move, which was talking to the now chairman of Alphabet, Eric Schmidt, about taking the data scientists of the campaign with him in order to start a new company. This is how Wagner got Alphabet chief as a prime investor in Civis Analytics. Civis Analytics is a new generation startup, which has introduced fine targeting techniques of corporate marketers to political campaigns. Founder Dan Wagner’s name is considered in the list of people who were responsible for Obama’s historical win. The company built a program, which could precisely compile and analyze information within 24 hours, while bigger data companies, on the other side, used to take two months to complete the same task. The program was seen as the most groundbreaking achievement in the history of technology used in political campaigns. Following the campaign, Civis Analytics started offering services of data sciences to everyone. They began trading their service with companies across the United States to solve unique challenges related to data sciences. Wagner’s firm deals with issues like finding figures of the number of individuals without a healthcare insurance, or the reasons behind the high dropout rate in universities. As for business, the gen-next startup analyzes why companies report a large turnover, and issues which drive individuals to quit their jobs more frequently. Civis is a data science service firm along with data science software firm. The technology employed by the company, with the use of data science, allows various businesses to take intelligent decisions with the available data. The company has developed a product that is capable of transforming how small and large businesses comprehend the data they collect. The company serves some of the biggest global names such as Airbnb, Discovery Communications, and Ethical Electric.
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Almost every company nowadays, no matter a startup, medium-sized, or a huge enterprise, is trying to turn their analytics team into a group of individuals doing proactive data investigations. Civis helps such companies to take better decisions that are data driven.
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F O R T U N E
500 COMPANY PAYS
RANSOMWARE GANG TO SUPPRESS NEWCOMERS
Ransomware is a malware that locks a victim’s computer to prevent them from accessing it until they pay a ransom - usually in Bitcoin. In recent years, this form of digital extortion has become quite common, it doesn’t just affect PCs and laptops, but also mobile phones. In July 2016, news broke of a piece of ransomware known as Jigsaw, in the wild, backed by a Fortune 500 company for corporate sabotage. According to security firm F-secure, it was hired by a Fortune 500 company to “cyber disrupt day-to-day business of their competition.” F-Secure chief research officer, Mikki Hypponen, in an email with Motherboard.Vice said, the ransomware was used on purpose to disrupt a competitor’s operation. In fact, it is not just used by large corporations to their sabotage competitors but also suppress smaller ones and newcomers with crappy security. The thing about ransomware is that any large corporation can recover from it quickly. In a white paper, F-Secure’s security advisor Sean Sullivan says it’s largely used by young hackers who are desperately trying to make quick money. Earlier this year, the FBI issued an alert warning that all types of ransomware are on the rise. Ransomware is used to target politicians, government agencies, academic institutions, individuals, and even law enforcement agencies. The malware can affect you via an email, website, or even the attacker delivering it straight to your computer through a backdoor. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Ransomware is used to target politicians, governments, wives, husbands and people from all walks of life. Protecting against ransomware is difficult since attackers actively alter their programs to defeat anti-virus detection. However, an antivirus is still one of the best ways to protect yourself against ransomware. It’s not entirely possible to eliminate the risk of becoming a victim to ransomware, nevertheless, you can lessen the damage by taking regular backups of your data and storing it on a device which has never been online.
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A SINGLE POST STAMP CAN PRESERVE 62.5TB OF DATA FOR MILLIONS OF YEARS Dutch scientists have invented a data storage device, which is densest than any other device used for storage purpose ever before. Theoretically, the technology allows the collective data of books written till date by humans to be printed on a device, which arrives in the size of a single post stamp. Due to this, it becomes highly significant to ensure that data inside the device covers a minimum area as possible, making it easier to store entire information that has been generated. The research, published in the Nature Nanotechnology journal, details how the Dutch scientists have built 8,000 bit (1 – kilobyte) memory unit where every bit is represented by single chlorine atom’s position on the copper surface. With the help of this device, one can easily rewrite any data as often as desired. In this atomic storage, even 100 nm of storage can store data up to 1 KB. With this capacity, the atomic storage device can store up to 62.5 Terabytes of data in just one square inch space. The reason behind this massive area of storage is that the atomic storage has emerged out to be 500 times denser as compared to traditional hard disk drives. A technique, known as scanning tunneling microscope, is used by data researchers to store the data once chlorine atoms incorporate themselves on copper atom’s surface. While the creation of this dense storage device marks yet another futuristic, gen-next technology, it won’t be available for prime time anytime soon. A very cold, i.e. -196.15 Celsius temperature and a highly sterile atmosphere is required to operate this device. At present, the underloaded servers have 40-50 Celsius temperature. Today’s computing systems are not compatible enough to hold such strenuous conditions.
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Scientists are keen on working on the issue so that this device can efficiently work under normal conditions. As soon as the atomic data storage device adopts and passes all the necessary requirements for functioning perfectly in normal temperature, the technology can be used in phones, USB drives, among other things. After all, 4K and VR brought a revolution in their own field, so data storage too must receive something revolutionary. Atomic storage will change the entire perceptive about the data storage function when it arrives in the market.
Image: Atomic data storage device which arrives in the size of a single post stamp.
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2 3 0 K
O F
CRYPTOCURRENCY STOLEN IN RECENT CY B E RAT TAC K Cryptocurrency exchange platform ShapeShift.io lost around $230,000 in three separate thefts over the course of a month, according to an incident report prepared by the service and obtained by CoinDesk. It is believed that the theft is an inside job. An internal employee stole $130K from ShapeShift before March 14th. The insider then proceeded to assist another hacker who stole $100K worth of funds denominated in bitcoin, litecoin and ether on 7th and 9th April. Toronto-based Ledger Labs took over the forensic analysis and the report by Michael Perklin was made available to the public. The forensic analysis goes into detail on the steps taken by the hacker to obscure his or her tracks. It also details two conversations between the hacker and ShapeShift CEO Erik Voorhees, during which it was claimed that the former employee sold key security data. The report ‘Shapeshift Cyber Attack Postmortem’ stated: “Since direct evidence of a specific attack vector was not found during the digital forensic investigation, an analysis of the available facts was performed to identify all possible attack vectors that fit the facts. It was noted that the attacker was not only able to compromise both infrastructures fairly quickly, but they were able to identify their IP addresses equally as fast.” Despite the monstrous losses Erik Voorhees insisted that no customer money was lost or at risk. ShapeShift, which has been offline since April 7th will TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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be back online soon. In the wake of the attack, the digital currency platform will have greatly improved security all around and will implement rigorous policies for staff to follow to prevent future thefts. Legal action in the form of a civil lawsuit against the former employee will be taken. The digital currency platform believes it can recover a significant amount of the lost funds.
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TECHNOPOLIS
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MACHINE DREAMS HOW NASA IMAGINES LIFE ON MARS In the 1970s, NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) conducted space colony summer studies on Bernal Spheres and Toroidal Colonies which could hold a population of up to 10,000 living in space, and on Cylindrical Colonies which could hold a population of 1,000,000...
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This, of course, blossomed from the fertile imagination of Apollo-era scientists, who dreamed of propelling humanity spaceward. Between the late 70s and 90s, the romance with a great rotating wheel in space, with skylight windows, vegetation, rivers and dwellings died. And so did those space colony dreams until we had the resources we needed to deploy humans on Mars, which may have once hosted life. With the dangers of overpopulation, resource scarcity and climate change looming, space settlement sounds less like science fiction every day and more like an imminent reality. Come 2016, the space is open for businesses. We have very less technical hurdles along the path to reach our dream. With several democratizing and space commercialization talks held over the past years by the Federal Aviation Administration, we know that it’s not just about licensing lunar rights. With the permission of the FAA, the space is getting some new real estate. And perhaps lots and lots of exposure. This spring, NASA tested a new type of space habitat that could one day house astronauts and space explorers. The Bigelow Expandable Activity Module, or BEAM, is a 10.5-by-13-foot space efficient plug-in play inflatable module designed for future deepspace missions. The space habitat is designed to withstand solar and cosmic radiation, atomic oxygen, UV radiation, space debris and all other destructive factors that come into play in space. By 2025, Bigelow plans to begin a $12 billion project to set up bases on the lunar surface.
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NASA’s Jeffrey Williams, along with Russian cosmonaut Oleg Skripochka became the first astronauts to step inside BEAM. Williams told flight controllers at Mission Control, Houston that BEAM looked pristine and said it was cold inside. NASA is working with aerospace agencies such as Boeing, Bigelow and Lockheed Martin to create sustainable solutions for effective life support on the Red Planet. With Lockheed Martin, relationship goes back to building Orion Multipurpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV). Now, it has inked a deal to establish a baseline of habitat designs and mission requirements. NASA is looking to deploy functional habitats in the 2020s. Jason Crusan, NASA’s director of Advanced Explorations Systems Division says the agency is partnering with corporate resources to pursue the development of space habitats. NASA has ideas for a habitable space station, and this time it wants its way into any kind of floating human space colonies where humans could work, raise families, and live normal lives.
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Image: Mars Ice House is 3D printed from water-ice on Mars which shields the crew from radiation, solar exposure, and the critical chemical hazards on Mars. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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CELEBRATING LIFE BEYOND EARTH In September 2015, NASA awarded three teams a total of $40,000 in the first stage of the 3-D Printed Habitat Challenge Design Competition at the New York Maker Faire. Entrants to the competition were asked to design a base for four astronauts by using 3D printing techniques and materials indigenous to Mars. All 30 entries were judged on factors, including design approach, architectural concept, habitability, innovation, functionality, 3-D print constructability and Mars site selection. The design competition helped bring out advancement of new technologies necessary to manufacture a space habitat using local indigenous materials, without having to bring materials from Earth. New York studios SEArch (Space Exploration Architecture) and Clouds AO (Clouds Architecture Office) collaborated on the winning concept for a regolith. SEArch studio also worked together with the Human Factors division at NASA’s Johnson Space Center, to carry out teaching as well as research projects on space exploration. Clouds AO has previously worked on concepts for a space elevator and a proposal to harness the power of comets for interplanetary transportation, including terrestrial projects such as a yoga studio with curved walls to confuse the perception of space.
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Image: Inside of the Mars Ice House. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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MARS ICE HOUSE Recent discoveries of water deposits on Mars, has led Mars to adopt the “follow the water” approach towards exploration. The Mars House project by Team Mars Ice House takes full advantage of the abundance of water-ice on Mars as an indigenous material that acts both as a life-force to sustain a human and plant ecosystem, and when 3D printed, as a primary fabrication material. Water ice counteracts the traditional dangers of living above ground on the Red Planet. It serves as a barrier to radiation, solar exposure, and the critical chemical hazards on the planetary surface. The semi-translucent exterior shell of the Mars Ice House, will bring the terrestrial concept of interior-to-exterior gradients, and challenges common assumptions that extraterrestrial habitats require impenetrable barriers. The heart shape of the structure, i.e. living quarters benefits from the protection of redundant pressure envelopes. As one moves outwards towards the radiation-barrier ice perimeters, there is a transition towards integrated hydroponic gardens and vistas onto the Martian landscape. The vertical oriented heart shaped lander consists of the NASA crew’s Transit Habitat to ease the crew’s adjustment to life on the new surface. The space habitat is stacked with levels organize core programs by activity within the lander. Each new level reveals a private communal interior space. Interior efficiency creates storage pockets at the base of the lander to house bots and the four NASA explorers. Once the lander has been deployed the inflatable ETFE member, pre-fabricated bridges unfold within the lander, thus creating pockets for program. A spiral stair at the core of the lander provides circulation to the upper levels of the habitat, while offering the crew a means for exercise when ascending levels. With on-site materials on Mars, 3D printing will allow space explorers to build structures without bringing heavy equipment, supplies, materials, and structures from the home planet. Advanced digital manufacturing techniques will also allow construction semi-autonomously before the arrival of the astronauts. The Mars Ice House has created an action plan for the deployment and construction sequence involving a Mars descent vehicle, a deployable membrane, and semi-autonomous robotic printers to gather and deposit subsurface water ice for the 3D printing of the house. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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TEAM GAMMA Second place and $15,000 was awarded to Team Gamma. New York-based Foster + Partners designed a modular habitat for explorers on Mars. The design shows plans for early human settlement on Mars construed by pre-programmed, semiautonomous robots before the eventual arrival of explorers on the red soil. The design, envisions a strong 3D printed dwelling for up to four astronauts using loose soil and rocks found on the surface of Mars. The proposal also includes the various aspects of delivery and deployment to construction and operations. Three different kinds of robots will be parachuted to Mars’ surface, each performing a specialized task within the large-scale Regolith
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Additive Construction (RAC) process. Large ‘Diggers’ will create the crater by excavating the regolith, medium-sized ‘Transporters’ will move into the position over the inflatable habitat modules layer by layer. Small ‘Melters’ will fuse loose Martian soil using microwaves around the inflatable habitat modules using 3D printing techniques. The fused regolith creates a permanent shield that protects the explorers from the extreme conditions on Mars. The 93 square meter habitat module combines spatial efficiency along with human psychology and physiology, intersecting with private and communal spaces. It continues the earlier design explorations such as the Lunar Habitation in consortium with the European Space Agency for creating a positive living environment for astronauts.
Image: A NASA Mars settlement by Team Gamma that could be 3D printed from regolith by pre-programmed, semi-autonomous robots. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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TEAM LAVA HIVE Similar to Gamma, LavaHive is a modular additivemanufactured space habitat design which is made using a novel ‘lava-casting’ construction technique. The design incorporates discarded components as key elements of the habitat concept. The black shell of EDL (entry, descent and landing) system will deliver the construction rovers which will be used for the primary habitat roof, along with an inflatable module underneath as the primary living habitat. Using Martian regolith, two rovers will use sintering and lava-casting to build connecting corridors and sub habitats around the inflatable section.
Image: LavaHive is a modular Martian habitat designed using recycled spacecraft materials and structures. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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These sub habitats will be fitted and sealed internally with epoxy and furnished as a research area or greenhouse. The approach represents a unique application of the additive manufacturing technology using readily available resources and spacecraft components. Despite NASA’s proposed mission to Mars in the 2030s, it’s still a long way to go when we finally share the planet with probes and robotic rovers. The idea of an idyllic suburban life in space has been revived post the 70s stagflation, and evokes the unabashedly utopian fantasy that people had seen before. It’s still a long way to go, nonetheless the aspirations they project are timeless. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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SPOTTING
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Wind. Sun. Water. Coffee: Your Early Morning Brew Powers Sustainable Development Meet the 25-year-old Bio-bean founder Arthur Kay who doesn’t believe in the concept of waste. Kay, a coffee fanatic who drinks five to ten cups of coffee daily wants to turn coffee grounds thrown away after making flat whites into bio-mass pellets used to power industrial boilers. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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SPOTTING
Coffee Cups in Sustainability
Everyone loves a cup of coffee, especially in the UK, where coffee market has crossed a whole new level. The economy of coffee shops is alone predicted to display further growth by 4.5 percent every year over the span of next few years and surpass 20,500 coffee outlets in the country by 2018. Ideally, a hot cup of coffee is the best PICK-ME-UP source in the morning across the world. Biggest irony, how can one even think about leading without a Starbucks Cinnamon Dolce Frappuccino or Dean & DeLuca Manhattan Blend, while on the way to commute? We consume over 600 billion coffee cups every year. Those specifically measured spoonfuls of coffee grounds, which happen to pave their way into your brew do not seem a big deal, but the reality stands the other way round. Until a few years back, the waste stream generally ended up into normal disposal facility or alternative ones like anaerobic digestions, organic waste, or composting. A trained architect, Arthur Kay, came up with an idea to recycle the coffee grounds into biomass pellets and biodiesel, used to power buildings and transport. Kay’s concept of optimizing coffee grounds gave birth to Bio-bean, a London-based company, which recycles the coffee grounds, thus converting them into biopellets or bio-fuels. Coffee is known to fuel the humans and, to a certain extent, the market. But why just stop there? Imagine urban areas powered by your brew? No,
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this doesn’t suggest making inhabitants addicted to coffee, but what if you regard coffee as black gold, a valuable source? How about a technology where biofuels power cities instead of fossil fuels? How pleasant would that be if you know that waste coffee grounds are worth million dollars? Image: Arthur Kay and his company Bio-bean were also recognized as a “green trailblazer” by the Mayor of London, Boris Johnson.
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SPOTTING
Meet the Ecopreneur
The 25-year-old entrepreneur, Arthur Kay, was working on the design of a coffee shop as a part of his college project when the idea of converting coffee grounds sparked into his mind. Kay became absolutely gripped with the fate of waste coffee grounds following the brewing process. A further research allowed him to discover that coffee contains higher calorific measures as compared to woods. Of course, the trained architect chose not to waste time and figured the science of compressing waste coffee grounds into bio-pellets. The raw materials for these bio-pellets/fuels arrive from a hundreds of coffee-consuming abodes around the United Kingdom, i.e. instant-coffee factories, office blocks, and cafĂŠs. These places offer coffee grounds for free for the sake of relieving themselves of heavy waste-management costs. The bio-fuels are then supplied to industrial boilers for the purpose of heating airports, offices, factories, and even homes. Being a smart thinker, Kay, chose coffee grounds due to its properties of heat-generating, and because it was easy to collect and available. Bio-bean relies extensively on retail coffee outlets, such as independent coffee shops and high street chains, instant production sites, which are known to produce massive amount of coffee ground, and coffee ground aggregators, i.e. train operators, airports, and shopping centers. These segments make it easier for Bio-bean to extract massive amount of coffee grounds from one place.
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Image: Each tonne of bio-pellets is capable of making up to 200 litres of biofuels. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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SPOTTING
Your Caffeine Fix Powering Your Commute
Coffee fuels mornings of millions of people all over the globe, but similar to other fuels, coffee too arrives with its own baggage of environmental issues. With almost 8 billion kilograms grown worldwide annually, coffee is said to be the biggest agricultural commodities across the globe. That’s a huge amount of coffee, resulting into a massive amount of coffee grounds as leftovers. Company like Biobean has taken the idea of turning these coffee grounds into something that can be used as a routine commodity. The Londonbased startup company is turning coffee grounds into biofuels for vehicles. When individuals talk about waste generated by a coffee shop, unequivocally, they tend to fix their thoughts on the huge pile of used, disposable cups, which ends up somewhere in landfills. An average coffee shop throws away almost 22 pounds of waste coffee grounds per day, in a city like London. These statistics adds up to making 200,000 tonnes of coffee grounds per day. Bio-bean envisages a bright vision where the wasted coffee grounds can work as more than substances to heat buildings, they want more and more transportation system to start utilizing biofuels as an effort towards sustainability.
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The 3-year-old company, Bio-bean, is known to reprocesses almost 10 percent of the entire coffee grounds in the United Kingdom. This results in generating about 50,000 tonnes of coffee grounds into bio-pellets per year. The amount is sufficient enough to heat almost 15,000 houses. It’s about transforming sustainability as a better and cheaper option in terms of product quality. The pellets manufactured by Bio-bean costs much less compared to traditional fuels like propane, oil, coal, and natural gas. These pellets happen to be carbon neutral, which is a plus point. Unlike “popular” biofuels such as corn ethanol, which are made out of crops, and heavily criticized for grabbing land away from production of food, the biofuels extracted out of coffee grounds are considered as carbon-neutral product. The company already has throngs of people willing to buy their products. The market of biofuels in the United Kingdom is growing rapidly due to various reasons. A combination of increased consumer awareness and high rates of conventional fuel supplies is a primary reason. The increase in market, incorporated with the sustainability and low cost benefits of biofuels manufactured by Bio-bean, brings the business of Arthur Kay in high demand. The biofuels offered by Bio-bean are quite cheaper as compared to other alternatives, because they’re using waste materials form thrown coffee grounds. Bio-bean is successful in its initiative because the company motivates individuals towards cheaper form of sustainability. Usually, the coffee shops are required to pay in order to have their wasted grounds from coffee trucked to anaerobic digestion plants, landfills, and incinerators. The company aims for a developing an absolute closed-loop model. It eventually plans to bring direct power back to the coffee shops, which supply the grounds. Bio-bean works closely aligned with the notion of circular economy. It views waste, especially coffee grounds as a valuable source, which unfortunately rests in the wrong way. That is the thinking, which Biobean through sustainable technology is trying to change. In upcoming years, individuals are going to seek for sustainability as a priority, so why not get used to the idea now?
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SPOTTING Let’s understand the manufacturing process of Bio-bean.
Step 1: Coffee Waste
London’s instant coffee factories and coffee grounds generate over 200,000 tonnes of ground per year. Usually, it’s incinerated, disposed of in landfill, and sent to AD.
Step 2: Bio-bean Collects Coffee Grounds
Arthur Kay’s company uses an infrastructure for coffee waste recycling to collect the wasted grounds and transport it to local processing plant of the company.
Step 3: Recycled Into Biofuels
Bio-bean utilizes highly innovative and patented method to process coffee waste into advanced biofuels commodities: Biodiesel and Biomass pellets.
Step 4: Sustainable Technology to Power London
The company sells advanced biofuels to businesses in London, where the biomass pellets and biodiesel are used to power transport and buildings. Fuels manufactured by Bio-bean are 100 percent carbon neutral and highly calorific, offering a cheap, locally-produced, and clean alternative to traditional fuels.
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Manufacturing Process at Bio-bean
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SPOTTING
Sophisticated Coffee Ground Processing
When we measure the shift towards sustainable technologies, we understand that the concept of using recycled coffee grounds used to power a vehicle is nothing new. The difference with Arthur Kay’s company is its grand ambitions to scale up the system of recycling, converting, and fueling massively, i.e. fit enough for a large city. In this case it’s London. Basically, Bio-bean wants the coffee dispensaries of the city to actively contribute leftovers, which can be processed into pellets used to heat home and offices. And because wasted coffee ground consists of 20% oil, without any second thoughts, it can be processed into biodiesel or ethanol to be used in buses and cars capable of lighting fuel. Bio-bean is estimated to process over 30,000 tonnes of coffee waste every year. The sustainable innovation technology used by the company saves approximately $16.9M of the $90.3million spent on discarding the waste every year. The biofuels can save up to 53,200 oil barrels and 729,600 tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions. In future, the company plans to guide their research in the direction of versatile production of biodiesel. If manufactured at a large industrial scale, it can be perfect for use in transportation. Each tonne of bio-pellets is capable of making up to 200 litres of biofuels, which is very impressive and enough to operate a London bus for
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an entire day. Network Rail has extended its partnership with Bio-bean to start a recycling project, which will process coffee grounds into fuels, in return, cutting down the railway costs in the United Kingdom. The railway operator has decided that instead of sending it to landfill, the waste will be sent to a Bio-bean facility to generate more than 650 tonnes of carbon-neutral biofuels for heating homes, offices and factories.Instead of trucking the coffee waste to landfill, the railway operator of the United Kingdom has decided the waste to be sent directly to Bio-bean for processing. The combined evaluation leads to the generation of over 650 tonnes of biofuels that are carbon neutral. Further, it can stop the annual release of 5,000 tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere. Over 5,700kWh energy is generated per tonne. Bio-bean manufactures advanced, gen-next biofuels, helping change perceptive about waste coffee grounds or materials. The company wants everyone to know, even a waste item has its own value, especially when it comes to sustainability. Image: Extraction of coffee crounds from your wasted coffee cups.
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Most Brilliant
Product Designs
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Image: Ori’s residential systems offer intelligent space on demand: with the light touch of a finger, a spacious living room converts into a comfortable bedroom, a walk-in-closet, or an office, all connected to any smart-home ecosystem. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
057 The Volkswagen Beetle, released in 1938 and produced until 2003, is the bestselling design in automotive history. Known as “the people’s car” (literally, Volks + wagon) it became a symbol of counterculture in the 60s. The car has such an affable design that it made Hollywood outings in 1968’s The Love Bug, before becoming a thinking, self-driving car in Herbie Rides Again (1974), Herbie Goes to Monte Carlo (1977), Herbie Goes Bananas (1980) and most recently in Herbie: Fully Loaded (2005). According to car design Sam Livingtone, our attraction to Volkswagen Beetle’ anthropomorphic features is deeply rooted. If not consciously, then purely subconsciously, consumers infer from its anthropomorphic design. This is the power of product design. In fact, form and function aside, feeling is the most important dynamic, one can add when we design objects to solve human problems. That said, every year, companies use design as a buzzword to create ingenious, human-centric products, to solve modern-human problems. Keeping that in mind, we have shortlisted the most ingenious examples of product design for 2016.
ROBOTIC FURNITURE - Yves Behar The prime concern of modern housing is to get more in minimum space. As the size of apartments in metropolitan cities is getting smaller, the challenges for architects and interior designers are getting bigger. We have all dreamed of living in a space where a table rises out of the floor as the sofa moves towards the sides of the room, or the entertainment suite is tucking away in the wall and the wall rearranges itself to reveal a bed. Modular living for space and flexibility, it seems, is the answer. Celebrated designer Yves Béhar has collaborated with Ori (derived from Origami), a company spun off from MIT Media Lab’s CityHome project, to create a line of smart furniture system for micro apartments. With one touch of a button (or an app), you can turn your living room into a bedroom. So far, they have come up with capable modular mechatronics to offer full-scale bedroom, living room, and offices in one unit. You can have configurable shelves and closets to retractable beds, but for that, you’ll have to wait until 2017. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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GOOGLE PROJECT ARA It’s been years since the smartphone industry has seen any true innovation. Every now and then, we see smartphone pioneers throwing concepts around, looking to see what might click. Turns out, some of them have better ideas. Inside Google’s haven for ambitious ideas, Advanced Technology and Product Division (ATAP), is perhaps an impossible pipe dream: Project Ara. Ara is a modular smartphone with swappable components that you can swap on the fly to make your phone exactly what you want right this second. The idea is, the ability to swap components, including Hardware, would lengthen the life of a smartphone to up to five years instead of two. The modular smartphone will also lessen the waste accrued in the rush to upgrade. About 30 people within ATAP are using Ara as their primary phone, says Project Ara’s head product designer Gadi Amit. Unlike a traditional smartphone, which has all of its functions hidden inside, Ara comprises of a collection of components in various sizes held in place with magnets. All the essential functions such as a Wi-Fi module, a 3G modem, antennae and a USB charging port, can be added to the multiple slots on the back (see, image). Project Ara has come a long way, from failed demos and worrisome silence to developer kits and consumer models coming in 2017. Since it is open architecture, quite a few third party companies are developing modules for Ara. These blocks could be the size of your nail or the size of your palm.
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Image: Ara can be swapped from malfunctioning modules or upgrades, providing longer handset cycle lifetime, and potentially reducing electronic waste. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Image: Unlike traditional sex toys on the market, Wisp Wearables focus on the pleasure of stimulation rather than an end goal of orgasm.
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INTENSE SEX TOYS Wisp Wearables The current sex toy market is aimed towards reaching orgasm, with vibrating and nonvibrating devices, and that is it. It is in the middle of a design revolution as more devices become artistic and sophisticated, however, cheap novelty items largely outnumber sleep designs. These cheap novelty products bar from the beautiful and personal experience using sensory stimulation, something which women primarily want during the building up process. Designed by Royal College of Art graduate Wan Tseng is a set of sensation-focused alternative to traditional sex toys. ‘Wisp’ wearables is a range of silicon jewelry that’s worn on the arms, chest, wrist, and neck. Each wearable is equipped with a set of circular pads that stick onto the body and recreate the feeling of pulsations, caresses and gently blowing breath. The ‘touch’ piece, creates soft sensations on your skin like something is touching you. The ‘air’ piece, create auditory stimulation to evoke the atmosphere of foreplay. The ‘whisper’ piece changes the temperate and blows air like a lover’s tender caress. The ‘pulse’ piece are worn to track sexual arousal levels and understand more about their body’s desires during the arousal stage. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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WIRELESSLY CHARGING (IKEA) Consumers want charging features that they understand and use as they always have. The current scenario in the battery charging market gives less consideration to the users. Consumers hate the cable mess and so we have technologies like wireless charging. So far only a few smart devices have the capability of wireless charging. Why? The biggest problem facing wireless charging is that it is still finicky if done poorly. Enter Ikea’s range of induction charging furniture that allows tablets and smartphones to be charged wirelessly on any piece of furniture. It could be a lamp, bedside table or even your workstation. Each piece of home furnishings has an integrated pad that lets you charge electronic devices simply by placing them on top. Wireless charging powers up portable mobile devices using an electromagnetic field to transfer energy. A magnetically charged coiled wire within the station induces a current in another coil located in the device, which can then use the energy to charge its own battery. The wireless charging pads for home furnishings were developed by specialist technology company Qi. These pads are integrated into the surface of furnishings for use in the office or family homes.
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Image: A floor lamp with wireless charging.
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APPLE KEYLESS KEYBOARD In July 2016, Apple was granted a patent for a keyless keyboard. It abandons traditional keys in favor of a force-sensitive sheet that could also function like a trackpad. According to the patent filing, it’s going to be a metal layer that flexes imperceptibly in response to touch. To show individual key boundaries and letters, separate raised keys could be replaced with grid of holes that would be lit from underneath. The pad would offer haptic signals as feedback to the user to mimic the tactile feel of depressing a button on a keyboard. The technology could make an appearance in a MacBook released in 2018.
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Image: Apple’s keyless keyboard patent suggests the input device would be less susceptible to damage by accumulated debris or being dropped.
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Image: Anyone can use Tilt Brush, intuitively, it’s for kids, artists, and absolutely anyone. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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TILT BRUSH APP (For virtual reality sketching) The problem with the word ‘virtual reality’ is that when you hear it, you inevitably picture a man or a woman with a VR headset staring off into an abyss (or so you imagine it is). It does virtual reality no favors. In fact, it makes it look like the infinite possibility in its potential is a bottomless pit. So far, all we know is that VR is a PR fail. This is true, here’s why. A lot of people outside the technology industry believe that inside the VR box is the future of porn. Tentacle porn. Well, no, inside the box, there’s enough space for video, games and designing. While the technology’s full range of applications will emerge in time, some companies have focused on its accessibility and appeal outside the gamer market. Take designing, for example. Google’s virtual reality painting app, Tilt Brush, will allow designers and architects to walk through the 3D space around them as they draw them. The app allows users to create 3D imagery using a simple controller that mimics the gestures of painting. It’s a whole new way of designing. It allows designers to create designs more convincingly.
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DYSON HAIR DRYER (inaudible to human ears) Hand dryers and hairdryers are some of the loudest things ever. Moreover, the head that comes out both dries and damages your body. Even worse, they are definitely a health risk to hearing. Engineer and inventor James Dyson has unveiled a design for a hairdryer that is inaudible to the human ears and controls its own temperate to protect hair from heat damage. The British inventor company Dyson, which is famous for its bagless vacuum cleaners and bladeless air multiplier fan, studied the science of hair to develop the soundless version of the hair dryer. The company spent $71 million developing the Supersonic hairdryer, and has over 100 patents pending on the technology. The hairdryer is powered by the company’s patented V9 digital motor, which was created in-house, and is said to be up to eight times faster than the typical drug store hairdryer motors and half the weight.
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Image: Dyson Supersonic Hair Dryer has a sound frequency beyond the audible range for humans. Plus, it’s light (bye-bye wrist-ache!) and has an intelligent heat control system which protects the hair’s natural shine. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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INSTRUMENTS OF WAR: UNDETECTABLE HARDWARE BACKDOOR IS AIDING DATA THEFT Have you ever imagined how difficult it would be to detect a backdoor when it’s not in the software or in the operating system, but is planted deep down in the hardware?
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We are already aware of how difficult it is to find a security flaw from any software. The ones that are deliberately inserted by spies and hackers in the form of hidden backdoor’s are even worse to detect. Have you ever imagined how difficult it would be to detect a backdoor
when it’s not in the software or in the operating system, but is planted deep down in the hardware? Hardware is the base that supports every program and software to run on a computer. It is something that everyone has to rely on.
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075 You might think it might be easier to detect the backdoor if it’s in the form of hardware and is part of some chip. But, that hardware part is one among other billions of parts that are planted on a single chip. Each component on such chip is extremely small (thousandth of the width of a human hair) and cannot be seen by human eye. In addition, that silicon backdoor is undetectable not only by computers’ software, but even by the chip designer, who has no clue that something like that was added to the hardware by chip manufacturer. Hardware is the base of any system. All the software and algorithms are executed on top of a processor. The software trusts that the hardware will implement the specifications faithfully. For the majority type of hardware flaws, the software has no way to check if something went wrong. To make it even worse, if the hardware is attacked, it can taint all the layers of the system that relies on that part of hardware, which may violate high-level security policies that are correctly implemented by software. Back in 2011, General Michael Hayden, who was a former director of both CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) and NSA (National Security Agency), defined the idea of computer hardware that contains hidden backdoor as “the problem from hell”. In October 2013, it was reported that the NSA itself practiced this by teaming up with U.S. companies
in order to plant a secret backdoor into the chips and other hardware components of computers to support their surveillance efforts. After getting this news, security experts were highly concerned as Hayden’s assessment was held to be true. Vulnerable hardware is really difficult and quite impossible to detect. If hardware is compromised, it can do things such as accessing data from the computer in such a way that it is undetectable by any software. If the NSA is encouraging chip manufacturers to plant hardware backdoors, then there is a huge possibility that other agencies across the world are also doing the same thing. Such security violation can also mean that agencies like NSA that encourages such moves can also get tempted to cross the legal restrictions that are applied on surveillance. All of this began with the trend of smaller transistors, which delivered enhanced performance while consuming lower power, but the only problem with it was - it made fabricating of the chip more expensive. As a new generation of transistor is about to come, there is a cost associated with retooling of the smaller transistor. It costs 15% more to setup fabrication line for each successive process node. By 2020, it is assumed that setting-up a fabrication line for the smallest transistor size may require $20 billion of upfront investment.
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To amortize the cost of this, initial tooling that is required to support a specific transistor size, a majority of hardware companies outsource fabrication. One of the main reasons for outsourcing fabrication was to keep the final price lower, as it affected the buying behavior of all the customers around the world. This resulted in a decrease in the use of trustworthy and authorized resellers. Most of the fabrication orders today are outsourced to some far-flung Chinese factories as they offer to do the production at a much cheaper rate. This situation is somewhat conflicting, as majority of security attacks against western companies is assumed to be done by their government agencies. Even when there are few allegations against various government agencies, the idea of deploying backdoors in computer hardware is not yet backed by any publicly confirmed case. In the past few years, the stealth of malicious hardware has been clearly demonstrated by security researchers, as the security of computers is constantly compromised by installing backdoors into the firmware of the computer components.
In 2012, a presentation at the Black Hat security conference splurged how to plant a backdoor in a new computer system in such a way that even replacing the hard drive won’t help. Before knowing that the NSA was also involved in encouraging the installation of hardware backdoor, most of the United States officials strongly believed that such tactics were implemented by China, looking at their government’s attitude towards the U.S. Also, the fact that a large number of computer hardware was manufactured in China made it even more suspicious.
IS THERE A WAY TO DETECT MALICIOUS HARDWARE COMPONENT? If any hardware backdoor is detected at the Register Transfer Level, an Integrated Circuit can isolate it so as to avoid the triggering of the backdoor. According to security experts, the post-fabrication phase is most crucial for detecting potential security threats. Here are two ways in which the backdoor can be detected:
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DESTRUCTIVE METHOD: This method completely breaks down the component that is currently being analyzed. All the hardware components are reverse-engineered, to know what’s wrong. This method is very expensive and time consuming and is usually performed by Chemical
Metal Polishing. This process is then followed by SEM (Scanning Electronic Microscope) image reconstruction and analysis. The circuits are generally verified using visual comparisons. However, this method isn’t useful if the backdoor is planted before fabrication.
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NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD: Non-destructive detection can be further classified into two types: invasive method and non-invasive method.Using invasive method, the design of the components is altered in order to control the embed feature for backdoor detection. For instance, in invasive method, an additional I/O is added for each module to permit the execution of self-testing circuitry that is particularly designed to test abnormal events. On the other hand, non-invasive hardware Trojan detection is done by comparing the performance of the component that is under analysis with a component that is considered as good or ideal. This type of detection is done during test-time or during run-time.
HOW CAN WE ELIMINATE THE INSTALLATION OF HARDWARE BACKDOOR ALTOGETHER? The best and the only way to prevent the installation of hardware
backdoor is to keep a keen eye on the entire production process. Instead of outsourcing the fabrication, it has to be done by a trusted team of chip designers and manufacturers. This type of production may sound impractical as most of the companies cannot bear the high cost and time that it consumes. But, unfortunately, employing trusted people in creating the hardware using self-made tools seems like the only way to eliminate the presence of hardware backdoor from the computer components. The issue of hardware backdoor is considered so noteworthy because those electronic components are widely spread in our surroundings. Starting from our vehicles to sophisticated defense systems, every device contains firmware and microcircuits. So, each and every device in our surrounding requires a cautious verification. As the globalization of manufacturing processes takes a hike, it is next to impossible to verify each and every device that we use in our daily lives. The only solution to avoid tainted components with hardware backdoors is to frame a cyber strategy that is accepted by the government of every country in order to guarantee the security levels of all the devices.
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WEA
DATA PI
PASSWOR
REVEA
& THEY’RE RIDICULOUSLY OVERUSED!
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AKEST
RDS
ALED
That day is not coming anytime soon when our online accounts would be safe and secure, not if we keep using these passwords.
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C’mon you all, really? Data from every consecutive year shows how plenty of people aren’t still aware about the basics of internet security, as the list of most used passwords haven’t changed significantly over past few years. People are still relying on “123456” and “password” to protect their online accounts. To make it even easier for the hackers, there was a LinkedIn data breach two months ago, which compromised the security of over 117 million accounts. This data breach not only helped hackers to gain access to users’ LinkedIn accounts, it also lent a helping hand to them, as many users have a tendency to use the same password across multiple social media accounts. This data breach not only affected the normal users, it also helped hackers to hack Mark Zuckerberg’s social media accounts including LinkedIn, Pinterest, and Twitter. Apparently, even Zuckerberg is not much concerned about the security of his social media accounts as he used the same password for all the three accounts and that was “dadada”. Here are some most commonly used passwords that you should avoid using and some tips for you (and Mr. Zuckerberg) on how to make your online accounts more secure:
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Games People Play: The Folly of Virtual Stock-Trading Games It’s not everyone’s cup of tea to jump directly in the water and start trading stocks with real money. For some people, trading can prove to be very overwhelming while to others it may seem like something very normal. But, diving into the stock market as someone who is uninitiated and to think that you’ll make millions seems like living in the fool’s paradise.
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To lower the risk of losing all of your hard-earned cash, you can either take some guidance from someone who is experienced (and good) at trading or learn it yourself using virtual stock trading games. Say what? Virtual stock trading, also referred as paper trading is a simulated trading process for beginners to practice investing without having to commit any real currency. There are platforms such as stock market stimulators and virtual stock trading games that endeavor to create a replica of real stock market by duplicating some or all of its features. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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These stimulators manipulate virtual money and investment positions so that it behaves analogous to real stock market. There was a time when online trading was not so ubiquitous, due to which virtual stock trading was considered really difficult by the majority of new investors. But, now that most of the calculations rely on computers, would-be investors can try and practice trading on simulators before committing financially for real. A lot of investors also use such virtual platforms to test new investment strategies before practicing them for real. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Strategies such as short-selling, leverage, forex and derivatives trading can be tested on virtual stock market as they require a high level of expertise and technical knowledge. Using such techniques, new investors can reduce the amount of risk that comes along when you are a beginner. Basically, simulators can be categorized into two types, i.e., Financial Simulator and Fantasy Simulator.
Financial Simulators This type of simulators permits users to create their portfolio based on real stock entries to train them while using virtual money. Usually, such simulators use a data feed that is delayed by 15 to 20 minutes so as to make sure that investors are not using the data to trade actively on another system. The aim of such simulator is to allow users to risk virtual currency to get a real time idea so that they can determine if they would make a profit when investing for real.
Fantasy Simulators This type of simulators trade shares or derivatives of real world objects or items that are not usually listed on market exchange or commodities list. The objects may include movies or TV shows or even sports. The ones that are linked to sports are also involved in betting and gamble based systems. There are various stock market games that can make you knowledgeable about trading and can make it fun at the same time. These games are available in different versions, but the basic idea behind this concept is to allow users to trade in the virtual stock market using virtual currencies. Players can compete with each other and predict the future of stock market and win if their prediction about the direction of the stock market is right. A lot of virtual stock trading games are based on real stocks from Nasdaq, AMEX, Chicago Mercantile Exchange, NYSE and other major market indexes.
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Such games are also referred as stock trading games, stock market games, trading games, online trading games, stock games, virtual stock games, stock simulations, and stock exchange games. Stock trading games are usually used for educational purposes to teach how to trade stocks to potential stock traders and future stock brokers. Some of the virtual trading games also engage in fantasy trading for entertainment purpose. Here are some virtual trade games that offer a similar platform to its users:
Stockfuse Stockfuse is for everyone, whether you are a student or a corporate employee, it will help you hone your trading skills using its virtual trading platform. It allows you to compete with your friends and follow other traders on the platform. It not only provides a visual timeline for historical trades, it also provides Regulation T-compliant margin accounts for stock & futures trading.
Wall Street Survivor Wall Street Survivor permits the user to take the driver’s seat and take control of your own fantasy stock portfolio. At the same time, you can also compete against your friends and strangers.
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It offers a set of jargon-free courses along with a stock trading simulator to help you learn and practice trading stocks without taking any financial risk. Wall Street Survivor will give knowledge and experience so that you can take charge of your finance. It will not only provide you a platform to hone your skills, it will also offer some intellectual investment courses so that you can actively take control of your savings plan, your retirement investments, your 401(k) plans, and your mutual fund investment.
How The Market Works This site was intended for high school students so that they can have an idea about how the stock market works. They are provided with virtual cash of $100,000 so they can start practicing how to trade stocks online. These accounts are realistic, real-time and allow its users to practice trading U.S. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Socks, Mutual Funds, and ETFs. HowTheMarketWorks also features a list of educational articles, Quote of the Day, Word of the Day, and glossaries to make you more knowledgeable each time you visit the site. Users can also create their own contests and invite their friends or batch-mates to compete and learn with them.
Harvest Exchange Harvest Exchange or HVST.com is a Twitter-inspired site on which investors and fund managers post their investment tips and ideas with the users. Users don’t need to contribute to the site by posting anything; they can simply lurk and learn from the content that is already posted on the site. It has adopted a Twitter-like feed and permits users to use various attachment formats.
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Market Watch MarketWatch is a leading innovator in personal finance information, business news, real-time commentary, and investment data & tools. What helps the site to be at the top is dedicated journalists who are responsible for generating a lot of headlines, videos, stories and market briefs within a day from 10 bureaus in the Europe, Asia, and the United States. In addition to the trading game, it also offers a subscription product for investors, ETF Trader, and Retirement Weekly. Not only that, the MarketWatch Radio network offers radio stations with updated market news after every half an hour. Stock market games may or may not be based on financial markets, more often than not they are based on things like sports and entertainment stocks. Virtual trading games are entering the realm of the future as they are an amazing way to teach potential traders and future investors how to trade stocks without risking any real money. Not only can they learn from practicing, they can also gain some experience by interacting with other traders on such platforms. In the upcoming days, the stock trading games won’t be just limited to providing a real-time trading experience, they would be made into a complete package, which might include Wall Street Analyst Ratings, Quotes, Trading Ideas, Videos, Lessons on trading & investment, Glossaries, Financial Calculators, and Company News and Financial Statements.
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What are some of the darkest sites on the deep web?
A
Q
I don’t want to piss off the FBI or any three-letter agency. I understand the ‘deep web’ is full of black market/illegal content that I probably shouldn’t even know about. I imagine it is full of stereotypical content like drugs, trafficking, cp, etc. But I know it’s not notorious for just this. Until now, I had the urge to take a research-oriented trip through the dark web using onion routing, but I got scared after a friend recently got busted. Can you tell me what kind of content can you find below the 10-15%? - Typical 16 year-old who creates YouTube videos
Son, I’m going to open you’re assessing using Tor Hidden with some background, but I’ll get Service Protocol. Given that you’re to the instructions. starting out, it’s important that you understand that the deep web This is a story from that time when is full of illegal and disturbing I was in college and visited the websites. Browse at your own risk, dark web for the first time. I had as there is no such thing as abstract posted a comment on a video, and I anonymity. Avoid any and all links went back to the page later to view that advertise any of the illegal, that video. Someone had replied to disturbing, or harmful content you my comment saying, ‘How kind of don’t wish to see. You may feel like you Mr. (My first name).’ I shut my you’re discovering internet for the laptop for weeks. My first name is first time, but you will eventually not a very common name and my find yourself entering the most username was a moniker in play so hideous things known to man: snuff it’s not easy to dig my info. Looking and slavery, child pornography and at it, I’m thankful the hacker had a human trafficking. good sense of humor. However close you’re inching to find As with most things on the internet, out what’s next, always remember it’s crucial you know what exactly to stay safe out there. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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THE NERDIST
The best cities to launch a tech startup
Q
Hi there! Two years ago, I quit my corporate job to follow my startup dream. Some of my friends and ex-colleagues were supportive, and even helped me during the initial stages of startup struggle. My startup progress is not incredible, but there is a constant stream of cash that allows me to make proper business decisions without panicking or rushing to be making more money. The progress is good, and now I’m looking to spread my wings and expand exponentially beyond Excel spreadsheets. Honestly, a fancy place for the startup base would be nice, but I’m looking for a city that has tech talents, lots of investors and don’t have huge taxes. A little guidance would be appreciated. - Startup founder, open source developer, USA
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A
It is good that you are measuring results and metrics before taking big decisions such as picking a startup base. Today Silicon Valley and San Francisco have become the gravitational force for tech startups. But, not anymore. I’ll break it down to three major cities: San Francisco, Berlin, and London. Here’s a short list of some key aspects.
explosion, there is a vast amount of unused commercial real estate. The cities are a talent powerhouse, and are wide open and welcoming to skilled workers from other countries.
I would also suggest Tel Aviv, Sao Paulo and Buenos Aires, however, the recent political unrest suggests you pick a place where there’s little government hurdles. South Africa The cities are a melting pot of is also rapidly growing and in fact, nationalities - there is a zero some cities have quickly become language barrier. an equal match to the ones listed above. The cities have relatively low cost of living and low housing cost. Whichever city you pick, I suggest you go for the one with a supporting The cities are near to an economic government, foreign innovators, powerhouse Silicon Valley, affordable living and openness to Germany. innovation. After all, these are the key ingredients to build a startup The government is open for new culture. things. Good luck with your startup, I wish Due to the co-working space you be royally successful.
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THE NERDIST Is Pokémon Go a privacy mess?
Q
Hey, I’m one of the biggest fans of Pokémon Go. Lately, I’ve taken two days off from work just to catch up with my friends at the Central Park and play Pokémon Go. It’s a great game, and I’ve become kind of addicted to it, but let’s just say, that’s my issue. What really concerns me is that recently, I came across various articles in the news suggesting that Pokémon Go collects the user data, especially emails. I did my own research and came to know, yes it does, but what I’m unable to understand is, does this game offer some kind of encryption backdoor? Not to blame, but the data ultimately goes to Google via Google Maps and the company is known for trading the data for advertising purpose. What do you suggest? Is using this game weakening my privacy? Is it a future threat? - 24, F, still looking for Sornlax and Dratini
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A
issue, which suggests that these data have been sold to the Chinese, the Russians, or the FBI. There is no encryption backdoor via this game indeed, you can be sure of that. When the game is offered access to your data, it won’t change your passwords, make Google Wallet payments, or delete the account.
Millions of users who downloaded the game have knowingly granted a ridiculously large amount of user data to the developer. Your concern is certainly not wasted as the users have granted an easy access to a secure, private data. But, do not worry as the company has closed the privacy As far as your privacy is concerned, hole. there is nothing to worry about. Sure, the app will keep a tab on You might not be aware of, but contents of Google Calendar, on average, more than 50M users, Google Drive, Gmail, and Google including you have some time or Docs. It uploads this data on Google the other granted permission to Maps, so eventually, your content is apps unknowingly to make calls in safe hands of Google, and there’s from respective phones. These no third-party involvement here, phone calls can be made without not even the company. As far as your knowledge or approval, you Google is concerned, it never trades may be charged for these calls as your data from the aforementioned well. To top it all, it’s you, who subjects. It chooses your interests has given the consent. Out of all based on cookies, recent searches, devices we use, there’s not a single and history. smartphone manufacturer that avoids pre-loading malware on their Following the heavy concerns, the respective handsets. When you company has released a new request install an app for Google or iOS app for permission forms, which only stores, you allow the developers to seeks basic Google profile data, i.e. get an access to specific features, your username and email address. like contact list or camera. But, so far, we’ve never encountered an
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ONE AGAINST ALL: WHERE IS BOT CRAZE GOING TO LEAD TECH GIANTS? In Ex Machina, a popular sci-fi film of 2015, Oscar Isaac, who played the role of eccentric AI programmer famously quoted, “One day the AIs are going to look back on us the same way we look at fossil skeletons on the plains of Africa. An upright ape living in the dust with crude language and tools, all set for extinction.” While the sci-fi film elaborated on the notion of Humanoids, which are almighty robots designed to look like humans powered by AI, there lays something much simpler, which will perhaps turn out to become a stepping stone in future in the way human-AI communicate. 2016 is all about the rage of messaging bots. So what exactly is this fuss all about? If we had to select a point in the cycle of hype, probably, we would be approaching the high-end of inflated presumptions. Or, we could easily end up bumping into the stack fallacy, why? It’s because we trivialized them as “simple bots”.
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Bots Are the Next Frontier “You are a developer,” Steve Jobs, former Apple boss, pointed out eight years ago while introducing an online store for apps, “You’ve spent almost two weeks creating this amazing application. What is your dream?” he asked thousands of developers watching him, “Your dream is to get your app in front of iPhone users, all of them.” Initially, only some paid the store much heed, but once it was launched, the store became the fastest-growing market of software ever reported in the history. Yes, that’s right. We’re talking about the App Store, in case, you were wondering. Since the launch, more than 100bn apps have been downloaded, in return generating revenue of $40bn for app creators and extra billions in fees and subscriptions. While Apple was busy amassing revenues from the app business, Google, wasn’t far behind, as it relaunched the Android Market as Google Play in 2012. Following Apple’s footsteps, Google’s market became a worldwide hit taking the account of the growing popularity of Android community back in 2012. China, always known for its love for copying, was going through a difficult conundrum, but was never going to sit and wait as Western giants reaped profits and higher sales. So, it introduced its own App Market. At present, China accounts for more than 100 local app markets.
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Image: Reservations, pizza, flowers for girlfriend? Facebook bot is pleased to help you. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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The apps continued to drive revenues and profits for business until bots knocked the doors. At a conference in San Francisco, Facebook boss, Mark Zuckerberg unveiled an online store and coding supplements for “chatbots�. These were textbased services, which allowed users accomplish tasks such as booking a flight, ordering food, checking the news, and organizing meetings by using short texts. The introduction arrived as a major blow to Apple and Google, who were then dominants of the app markets. Draped in the veil of vanity, they never saw the bot revolution coming. Sure, they had Siri and Google Voice, but it was never enough. The bots are certainly a powerful form of interaction between humans and AI. Facebook marked the beginning of another multi-billion-dollar, fastest growing software economy, making bots the new apps.
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Image: Microsoft’s Tay, inspired by the millennials, became a legendary example as it turned into a Hitler-loving, genocidal maniac. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Goodbye, Mr. App The timing for “botvolution” looks just right. The mobile software market is in flux. The number of downloads is growing rapidly, but the app market is certainly maturing. The dream of an independent developer erecting a business in the market of apps is over. The bots are to be blamed along with the expensive cost of building and promoting apps. It looks like the enthusiasm of users for downloading apps is waning. The users have started finding, downloading and navigating a hassle. Almost a quarter of all, the downloaded apps have been found immediately abandoned after a single use. In 2016, the ghost of Turing arrived to haunt the giants of Silicon Valley, which made it further difficult for bot apps to pass the test. Highly established firms are racing to develop bot technology that can interact with humans. Microsoft, a few months ago, unveiled the Microsoft Bot Framework, a set of software tools, which allows companies to build their own interactive robots. After all, building bots is very expensive. Through an accurate combination of behind-the-scenes human interaction, scripts, and artificial intelligence, bots offer users to perform actions like order items by chatting, schedule a meeting, book hotel rooms, get weather information, etc. A majority of global firms have foreseen the potentials of the bot platforms. Big names like Poncho, 1-800- Flowers, and CNN have already integrated with Facebook’s bots.
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Image: Did You Know the App economy is worth $50 billion? TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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App Bot Sales The invasion of bots in the app market bears a striking resemblance to the full fledging economy of apps, circa 2009. Steve Jobs had launched the App Store for iOS the previous year, Google Play surfaced in 2012 following a major overhaul of Android Market, and the unconventional universe of local applications became subject to refrain on the various platforms of media. Currently, the app economy is worth $50 billion, but bots have started threatening the existence of app civilization. The same growth drivers that pushed apps to come out as the new frontiers are also responsible for propelling the bot economy. If Virtual and Augment Reality are the new frontiers of the hardware market, chatbots are the same for the software market. The lines of bot battles are extremely different from the normal app wars. Building an app is relatively easy, but getting machines to actually comprehend and hold real conversations in a language preferred by the user is much harder. Microsoft’s Tay became a legendary example of failed interactive efforts as the fun loving AI bot inspired by the millennials, suddenly turned into a Hitlerloving, genocidal maniac.
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Image: Facebook’s cute, little bots have started threatening the existence of app civilization. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Debut of Chatbots in Early Economy The upcoming market for chatbots is fragmented amid a different group of players. While Apple and Google ruled the app economy, the first company to invade the market with bots was the Canadian messaging app Kik. The company is known as one of the earliest pioneers of chatbots. Kik offered users to interact with chatbots and request information through chats from services such as Vine, Funny or Die, or The Weather Channel. Slack, popular as software for office productivity, encouraged new-age startups to develop chatbots on its platform. Taco Bell too jumped the bandwagon for chatbots. Tellingly, the web giants based in the U.S., who happen to be forging ahead of the way with bot platforms, do not rule app business even though they are the force behind the flourishing app economy. This makes sense, though. Google and Apple will have to face serious issues as soon as the bots will take over the app functionality. Amazon, Microsoft, and Facebook, on the other hand, will have a lot to gain. In short, everyone who missed the chance of winning the app wars still has a chance with the chatbots.
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Hi...
Image: Kik was one of the earliest pioneers of chatbots, but it somehow managed to get kicked away as Facebook Chatbots came to life. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Are Bots Likely To Eat Apps? Yes. If tech behemoths like Facebook, Microsoft, and Amazon are the front runners in the chatbot economy, the ecosystem of apps is much likely to face a huge threat in the upcoming years. Google and Apple will be the first ones to get affected by the bot invasion as the app economy is worth $50bn business and this can change if bots start replacing apps in smart devices. Owning the popularity of chat platforms like Messenger and Skype, commerce oriented chatbots would automatically give these firms a huge monopoly in the market. Of course, within this span of time, it’ll do away with the apps. As of now, the Bots still have a long way to go. Even today, most of the bots are unable to pass the Turing Test. This doesn’t mean that its growth potential will become any less. If larger players like Facebook and Amazon enter the bot ecosystem, one can easily bid farewell to Apps. Who needs App when you can chat?
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Image: Microsoft sampled five new chatbots during Build 2016 for its conversational platform. TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Cuna Technology Council Conference
28 Sep-01 Oct, 2016
The Cuna Technology Council Conference, organized by the Credit Union National Association, Inc will take place from 28th September to the 1st October 2016 at the The Cosmopolitan Hotel in Las Vegas, United States Of America. The conference will cover areas like Partners in Progress like How Lending and IT Work Together to Improve Efficiency and the Member Experience, Disaster Recovery & Business Continuity like Are you Prepared and more. Venue: The Cosmopolitan Hotel, Las Vegas, USA
New England Software Symposium
30 Sep-02 Oct, 2016
The New England Software Symposium, organized by the No Fluff, Just Stuff (Big Sky Technology) will take place from 30th September to the 2nd October 2016 in Boston, United States of America. Venue: Boston, USA
International Conference on Healthcare, Applied Science, Engineering and Computer Science
01-02 Sep, 2016
The International Conference on Healthcare, Applied Science, Engineering and Computer Science, organized by the Ontario College for Research and Development will take place from 1st September to 2nd September 2016 at the Chelsea Football Club in London, United Kingdom. The conference will cover areas like electrical engineering, information technology, electronics engineering, instrumentation engineering. Venue: Chelsea Football Club, London, UK
Human Choice And Computers Conference
07-09 Sep, 2016
The Human Choice And Computers Conference, organized by the International Federation for Information Processing will take place from 7th September to the 9th September 2016 at the MediaCITYUK in Salford, United Kingdom. The conference will cover areas like Intimacy - Location - Personal/Social Wearables - Implantables - Data Manipulation, Personalisation - Identity Digital Footprint - Gender, Marketing - User Experience - Human Computer Interaction & Design - Search and Social Media, Customisation - Material Culture - Innovation - Kit - Microchipping, Generations - Histories - Enabling
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Technologies, Geographies - Urban Technologies - Wayfaring and ICT for Development - Global Mobility - Developing Economies - Sustainability etc. Venue: MediaCITYUK, Salford, UK
Vietnam Consumer Digital World Expo
29 Aug-01 Sep, 2016
Vietnam Consumer Digital World Expo is a 4 day event being held from 29th August to the 1st September 2016 at the Saigon Exhibition & Convention Center (SECC) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. This event showcases product from Computer Hardware & Software, Electronics & Electrical Goods industries. Venue: Saigon Exhibition & Convention Center (SECC), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Gartner Digital Workplace Summit
21-22 Sep, 2016
The Gartner Digital Workplace Summit, organized by the Gartner, Inc. will take place from 21st September to the 22nd September 2016 in London, United Kingdom. The conference will cover areas like From Strategy to Business Value,Enabling New Ways of Working and Empowering High-Impact Performers and many more. Venue: Venue to be announced, London, UK
Patent Protection For Software Related And Business Related Inventions In Europe & United States
22 Sep, 2016
The Patent Protection For Software Related And Business Related Inventions In Europe & United States, organized by the Management Forum Ltd will take place on 10th March 2016 at the The Rembrandt Hotel in London, United Kingdom. The conference will cover areas like Global drafting and prosecution tactics for these technologies and Latest US strategies post-Bilski, post-Alice and under the USPTO’s most recent guidelines. Venue: The Rembrandt Hotel, London, UK
Interface Honolulu
01 Sep, 2016
Interface Honolulu is a 1 day event being held on 01st September 2016 at the Sheraton Waikiki in Honolulu, USA. This event showcases products like information security based products, enterprise communication based systems, data storage, recovery, to that of IT infrastructure based products and services associated with this field etc. in the Computer Hardware & Software, Education & Training industries. Venue: Sheraton Waikiki, Honolulu, USA TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Detroit CISO Inner Circle
04 Oct, 2016
The Detroit CISO Inner Circle, organized by the Evanta will take place on 4th October 2016 at the Detroit Institute of Arts in Detroit, United States Of America. The conference will cover areas like This private, invitation-only dinner features roundtable seating for small group collaboration, offering CISOs the opportunity to network with an influential gathering of information security executives in a dynamic, recurring format. Venue: Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, USA
SANS Security Leadership Summit & Training
27 Sep-04 Oct, 2016
CISOs must manage budgets, garner support from non-technical executive management and stakeholders, oversee a team of IT security professionals, support and enable the latest business innovations, and - oh yeah - keep the organization safe from hacks, intrusions, APT, malware and a constant stream of emerging threats. It’s a tall order, one that requires both a breadth and depth of technical knowledge, experience and leadership skill. At this summit, Security Leaders and SANS subject matter experts will provide crucial insights, advice and experiences relevant for both current and aspiring CISOs. The format will partner senior CISOs and security leaders with SANS experts, pairing experiences, best practices, lessons learned (the hard way), and career advice, with depth on key security topics and emerging trends... So you can stay ahead of the curve - and impress your management. Venue: The Westin Dallas Downtown, Dallas, USA
San Antonio Tech Summit
05 Oct, 2016
The San Antonio Tech Summit, organized by the Tech Summit will take place on 5th October 2016 at the Omni La Mansion del Rio in San Antonio, United States Of America. The conference will cover areas like Profile real time attacks being perpetrated against the network. Determine whether a system breach has occurred through a known or unknown vulnerability. Venue: Omni La Mansion del Rio, San Antonio, USA
WebVisions Berlin // 2016
Oct 26, 2016
WebVisions Berlin explores design thinking, technology, service design, user experience and content strategy in an event that guides organizations into the future. The event is held at Edenspiekermann on Wed., Oct. 26th. Venue: Berlin, Germany TECHNOWIZE MAGAZINE | AUGUST 2016
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Pubcon Las Vegas 2016
Oct 10-13, 2016
Pubcon Las Vegas 2016 - named a Forbes must-attend conference and an Inc. top conference for growing your business - features the industry’s leading businesses, start-ups, speakers, keynotes, exhibitors, and sponsors involved in social media, digital marketing, search engines, and online advertising, and will offer a week-long look at the future of technology presented by a vast array of the world’s top innovators, along with being the exclusive host to the fourth annual U.S. Search Awards. Venue: Las Vegas Convention Center South Halls, USA
Web Summit
7-10 Nov, 2016
Web Summit is “Europe’s largest and most important technology marketplace”. An unrivalled global meeting place for the world’s most disruptive technology companies and those interested in how that disruption can transform their businesses and their lives. Venue: Lisbon, Portugal
TFM (Technology For Marketing)
28-29 Sep, 2016
Buying and getting the most out of marketing technologies is one of the most difficult journeys that modern marketing departments can make. Yet it is an increasingly challenging landscape to navigate, with many struggling to make the right decisions for their business. As marketing has changed, so has Technology for Marketing, which has been completely reinvented for 2016. Based on more than 1,000 interviews with marketers, we have re-imagined the entire event experience from content exploring the technology DNA of visitors to technology demos, specialist training and killer keynotes with top brands. Venue: Olymipa London, UK
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