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Cell Division ❖ EXERCISE 1. Give brief account of somatic cell division. OR Describe brief account of somatic cell division. 2. Describe the various phases of meiosis I. Describe prophase-I of meiosis. 3. Distinguish between equational division and reduction division. 1. Give graphic representation of cell cycle. 2. Explain why interphase is now called preparatory phase. 3. Sketch and label Metaphase I of animal cell. 4. Sketch and label cytokinesis of plant cell. 5. Give significance of mitosis. 6. Distinguish between cytokinesis in plant and animal cell. OR How does cytokinesis in plant cells differ from that in animal cells? 7. Sketch, label and describe zygotene. 8. What is crossing over? Give its significance. 9. Distinguish between anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis. 1. Define cell cycle. 2. Which is the most significant event during prophase-I? 3. What is synapsis? Describe synapsis. Draw diagram to illustrate your answer. 4. What are chiasmata? OR Describe chiasmata. Draw diagram to illustrate your answer. 5. During which stage disjunction taken place? 6. What happens during diakinesis? 7. What are homologous chromosomes? 8. How does every cell arise from the pre-existing cell? 9. What is cell division? 10. Graphically represent various stages of cell cycle. 11. What is Go (quiescent phase) of cell cycle? 12. Briefly describe the interphase. OR 13. Describe the events taking place during interphase. 14. Which phase is called synthetic phase? 15. Though interphase is described as a ‘resting phase’, it is not so. Give scientific reason. 16. Give the significance of cell cycle.
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17. What are the types of cell division in eukaryotes? 18. Write a short note on amitosis. 19. In which cells amitosis takes place? 20. Define mitosis. 21. Who coined the term mitosis? 22. What is karyokinesis? 23. What happens in metaphase? 24. What happens in metaphase? 25. What is astral and anastral mitosis? 26. In which cells astral mitosis takes place? 27. Which are the four types of fibres that make the kinetic spindle in anaphase? 28. Give reasons: i. Mitosis often called as somatic cell division. ii. Mitosis is also known as equational division. iii. Mitosis is called centric in animal cells and acentric in plant cells. iv. Animal cells show astral mitosis whereas plant cells show anastral mitosis. 29. Answer in just one word: i. The division of cytoplasm is called: ii. Nuclear division is known as: 30. Which type of cell division helps in the process of regeneration? 31. Distinguish cytokinesis from karyokinesis, 32. Define meiosis. 33. Write the general characteristics of meiosis. 34. By which type of cell division genetic recombination takes place? 35. Enlist the various stages in meiosis. OR State the various stages of meiosis. 36. Describe bivalent. Draw diagram to illustrate your answer. 37. Define disjunction. 38. Describe the various stages of meiosis II. 39. How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis? 40. Give a diagrammatic representation of meiosis. 41. By which type of cell division genetic recombination takes place? 42. Name the stage of cell cycle at which one of the following events occur. i. Chromosomes are moved to spindle equator. ii. Centromere splits and chromosomes separate. iii. Pairing between homologous chromosomes takes place. iv. Crossing over between homologous chromosomes takes place.
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INFOMATICA ACADEMY 43. Distinguish between:
A. Equational division and Reduction division. OR Mitosis and Meiosis. B. Meiosis I and Meiosis II. 44. Give reasons: Meiosis is known as reductional division. 45. Write the significance of meiosis. 46. Analyze the events during every stage of cell cycle and notice how the following two parameters change: i. Number of chromosomes (N) per cell ii. Amount of DNA content (C) per cell â?– MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. Cell cycle includes (A) Cell growth
(C) Mitosis
(B) DNA synthesis
(D) All of these
2. Interphase is also called as (A) Synapsis
(C) Telophase
(B) Preparatory phase
(D) Developmental stage
3. The loss of control at Go leads to (A) resting phase
(C) death of an organism
(B) normal growth and development (D) uncontrolled division as in tumor 4. Which of the following is called post-mitotic gap phase? (A) Interphase
(B) S-phase
(C) G2 phase
(D) G1 phase
5. Replication of DNA takes place during (A) prophase
(B) S-phase
(C) G2 phase
(D) Interkinesis
6. Anastral mitosis is common in (A) invertebrates
(C) both (A) and (B)
(B) vertebrates
(D) higher plants
7. Which part of the cell disappears during mitosis? (A) Plasma membrane
(C) Plastid
(B) Nucleolus
(D) None of these
8. During metaphase, chromosomes (A) become short and thick
(C) duplicate and divide
(B) get arranged at the equator
(D) move to the respective poles
9. Chromosomes move to the respective poles due to the contraction of (A) inter-zonal fibres
(C) inter-polar fibres
(B) chromosomal fibres
(D) astral rays
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INFOMATICA ACADEMY 10. Reappearance of nucleolus is during (A) telophase
(B) prophase
(C) cytokinesis
(D) inter-kinesis
11. Which of the following is the shortest phase? (A) metaphase
(B) anaphase
(C) interphase
(D) S-phase
12. Which of the following is present between meiosis I and meiosis II? (A) Cytokinesis
(B) Prophase II
(C) Interkinesis
(D) Telophase II
13. Genetic crossing over usually takes place during (A) meiosis I
(B) mitosis
(C) meiosis II
(D) mitosis & meiosis I
14. The prophase I of the meiotic division has ___________ sub-stages. (A) two
(B) three
(C) five
(D) six
15. Prophase I is the ___________ stage of meiotic division. (A) longest
(B) shortest
(C) tallest
(D) least complicated
16. The crossing over takes place in the ___________ stage. (A) leptotene
(B) zygotene
(C) pachytene
(D) diplotene
17. The cytogenetic event/s which occurs during prophase I is (A) synapsis
(C) chiasma formation
(B) crossing-over
(D) all of these
18. In which of the following, nucleolus is almost not visible? (A) Leptonema
(B) Zygonema
(C) Pachynema
(D) Diakinesis.
19. Points at which crossing over has taken place between homologous chromosomes are called (A) chiasmata
(C) centromeres
(B) synaptonemal complexes
(D) telomere
20. Recombinations of parental characters are due to (A) chiasma
(B) synapsis
(C) linkage
(D) crossing over
21. During which phase of meiosis tetrads are formed? (A) anaphase I
(B) prophase-II
(C) Prophase-I
(D) Anaphase-II
(C) zygotene
(D) diplotene
22. Synapsis occurs in (A) leptotene
(B) pachytene
23. Crossing over of chromosomes during meiosis leads to (A) mutation
(C) new gene combination
(B) sex determination
(D) loss of chromosomes
24. Exchange of genetic material takes place during (A) diplotene
(B) leptotene
(C) zygotene
(D) pachytene
25. Crossing over takes place between (A) sister chromatids
(C) non-sister chromatids of homologues
(B) non-homologous chromosomes
(D) any two chromatids
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26. Pairing of homologous chromosomes is called (A) crossing over
(C) chiasma formation
(B) synapsis
(D) duplication
27. How many divisions are required to produce 128 gametes? (A) 64
(B) 16
(C) 32
(D) 12
28. Which of the following events take place during diplotene stage of prophase I of meiosis? (A) compaction of chromosomes
(C) process of crossing over
(B) formation of synapsis
(D) process of repulsion
29. Karyokinesis is the division of (A) nucleus
(B) cytoplasm
(C) cell wall
(D) pollen grain
30. In the meristematic cell of shoot apex, division will take place by (A) mitosis
(B) meiosis
(C) amitosis
(D) any of these
31. How many mitotic divisions are needed for a single cell to make 128 cells? (A) 7
(B) 14
(C) 28
(D) 64
32. During cell division, spindle fibres are attached to (A) telomere
(B) centromere
(C) chromomeres (D) chromosome
33. In which of the following stages, chromosomes are thin and long thread like? (A) Leptotene
(B) Zygotene
(C) Pachytene
(D) Diplotene
34. Number of cells undergoing meiotic divisions to produce 124 microspores in angiosperm is (A) 62
(B) 31
(C) 124
(D) 8
35. During telophase (A) nuclear membrane is formed
(C) astral rays disappear
(B) nucleolus appears
(D) all the above three take place
36. Cytokinesis in plant cell takes place by (A) furrowing
(C) any one of (A) or (B)
(B) cell plate formation
(D) none of these
37. Chromosomal morphology is best observed during (A) prophase
(B) interphase
(C) metaphase
(D) telophase
38. Poleward movement of dyads occurs in (A) anaphase of mitosis
(C) anaphase II
(B) anaphase I
(D) all of these
39. The stage of mitosis in which chromosomes begin to separate and move to the two poles of the dividing cell is called (A) prophase
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(B) metaphase
(C) anaphase
(D) telophase
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❖ ANSWER TO MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION 1.(D)
2. (B)
3. (D)
4. (D)
5. (B)
6. (D)
7. (B)
8. (B)
9. (B)
10. (A)
11. (B)
12. (C)
13. (A)
14 (C)
15. (A)
16. (C)
17. (D)
18. (D)
19. (A)
20. (D)
21. (C)
22. (C)
23. (C)
24. (D)
25. (C)
26. (B)
27. (C)
28. (D)
29. (A)
30. (A)
31. (A)
32. (B)
33. (A)
34. (B)
35. (D)
36. (B)
37. (C)
38. (B)
39. (C)
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