Plan for the Prevention and Management of Waste in the Basque Autonomous Community 2020 by Ingurumena EJGV

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY

2020

Towards a Circular economy

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY

2020

Towards a Circular economy

INGURUMEN ETA LURRALDE POLITIKA SAILA

DEPARTAMENTO DE MEDIO AMBIENTE Y POLÍTICA TERRITORIAL

PUBLICATION: March 2015

@ BASQUE GOVERNMENT Administración de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Política Territorial INTERNET: www.ingurumena.eus Published by: Ihobe, Publica Society of Environment Basque Government Department of the Environment and Territorial Policy Donostia-San Sebastián, 1 - 01010 Vitoria-Gasteiz D ESIGN: Canaldirecto www.canal-directo.com CONTENTS: This document has been prepared by the technical team of the Basque Government’s Ministry for the Environment and its publicly-owned environmental management company, Ihobe. In conjunction with UTE cimas-Inguru and Hazi Fundazioa

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1. Rationale for the plan 2. Background and allocation of jurisdiction

ASSESSMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1. The current situation in europe 2. The current situation of waste generation and management in the basque autonomous community

PLANNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1. Principles 2. Strategic objectives 3. Action programmes — Programme for Prevention — Programme for Selective Collection and Separation — Programme for Preparation for reuse, Recycling and Recovery — Programme for Optimising Disposal — Programme for Exemplary Behaviour of Authorities and Good Governance

4. Infrastructure required 5. Economic resources for the plan 6. Follow-up and evaluation of the plan 7. Promoting market opportunities

ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Detailed measures from the programme for prevention 2. Detailed measures from the programme for selective collection and separation 3. Detailed measures from the programme for preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery 4. Detailed measures from the programme for optimising disposal 5. Detailed measures from the programme for exemplary behaviour of authorities and good governance

in troduc TIOn 1. RATIONALE FOR THE PLAN In accordance with Law 3/1998 on General Environmental Protection, the Basque Government is responsible for creating and approving environmental regulations within the framework of jurisdiction. Furthermore, Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain directives, also known as the Waste Framework Directive (WFD), highlights the requirement for waste prevention and management plans, as well as ruling that the environmental impact associated with waste production and management must also be taken into consideration when developing or reviewing these plans. Law 22/2011 of 28 July regarding waste and contaminated land rules that the Autonomous Communities shall be responsible for producing waste prevention programmes and regional plans for waste management.

2. BACKGROUND AND ALLOCATION

OF JURISDICTION

The “Basque Environmental Strategy for Sustainable Development (2002-2020)” identifies “responsible management of resources and waste” as one of its five environmental goals. This objective is further detailed in the IV Environmental Framework Programme 2015-2020, created by the Basque Government’s Department of Environment and Regional Policy. The issue of waste and resources features in this IV Environmental Framework Programme under Strategic Objective 2, which is to turn the Basque Country into a competitive, innovative and low-carbon economy that uses resources efficiently. The strategic objectives outlined in this Plan, as well as the associated action programmes and measures, are in line with the strategic objective of the aforementioned IV Environmental Framework Programme. This “Plan for the Prevention and Management of Waste in the Basque Autonomous Community 2020” addresses the regulations on waste prevention contained in Articles 14 (waste management plans and programmes), 15 (waste prevention programmes), 16 (Economic instruments and measures), 21 (collection, preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery of waste) and 31 (extended producer responsibility) of Law 22/2011 on waste and contaminated land. Through its Department of Environment and Regional Policy, the Basque Government has jurisdiction for coordinating and planning frameworks for all the waste streams which fall under the scope of this plan, as well as for direct management over industrial waste via the Environmental Management Board. In turn, local authorities, and therefore the Provincial Councils, are responsible for managing municipal waste. With regards to municipal waste, the Environmental Agency of the Basque Autonomous Community (the Basque Government’s Department of Environment and Regional Policy)

shall be responsible for the following, in accordance with Law 3/1998 of 27 February on General Environmental Protection: — creating a planning framework for municipal waste management, as well as — authorising, inspecting and sanctioning the Integrated Management Systems outlined in Law 11/1997 of 24 April concerning Packaging and Packaging Waste. Meanwhile, the powers invested in the regional authorities of the Basque Provinces (the Provincial Councils) with regards to municipal waste are as follows: — Planning municipal waste management in each Basque province through the relevant Provincial Council plans. — Coordinating municipal activities in each Basque province in order to guarantee the comprehensive provision of services related to waste. — Boosting supra-municipal infrastructures for waste management. The Waste Coordination Body of the Basque Autonomous Community (OCRU), which comprises representatives from the Basque Government’s Department of Environment and the three Provincial Councils, has been set up to coordinate this jurisdiction. Unless stated otherwise, all the measures advocated in this Plan with regards to domestic and commercial waste shall therefore be promoted from the perspective of the OCRU framework, and their inclusion in the respective Provincial Council waste plans shall also be encouraged when these are up for review. Over the course of 2014, the content of this Plan, the Directives for the Municipal Waste Planning Framework in the Basque Autonomous Community, will be developed in more detail. To do this, work must be undertaken in a coordinated manner alongside the Provincial Councils.

ASSE SSMENT

A 3D printed model of urban furniture made from recycled plastic from the yellow container Source: Gaiker

1. THE CURRENT SITUATION

IN EUROPE

2008 saw the approval of the so-called WFD, which set up a new strategic framework where waste prevention and the application of waste management hierarchy feature heavily. In 2011 the European Commission published a report on the level of progress made with regards to the Thematic Strategy on the prevention and recycling of waste. This report acknowledges that: — In the majority of Member States, the amount of waste generated seems to have increased, or stabilised at best. In cases where a decrease has been observed, a supplementary analysis must be carried out to ascertain the extent to which that drop is due to the impact of the economic crisis, changes to reporting methods and/or progress in terms of waste prevention. — Although there has been no significant progress with regards to quantitative waste prevention, as far as qualitative prevention is concerned, the application of the RoHS Directive on restrictions for the use of hazardous substances has led to a reduction of 110,000 t/year in potentially hazardous substances. Furthermore, hazardous waste (3% of the total) is continuing to fall in the EU-12, which is largely due to the introduction of clean technologies. However, in the EU-27, an annual increase of 0.5% has been recorded, which therefore constitutes a relative decoupling with regards to GDP growth. — Recycling rose to 38% in 2008, which signified a 5% increase on the rate for 2005 and 18% on that for 1995. In turn, there has been a reduction in the amount of waste sent to landfill: approximately 40% in 2008, compared to 49% in 2005 and 65% in 1995. — The increase in energy recovered from waste (from 96 Kg. per person in 2005 to 102 Kg. in 2008) has led

to a rise in energy production: around 1.3% of the total energy produced in the EU-27 is the result of energy being recovered from solid municipal waste. — As far as the treatment of waste is concerned, the turnover of the waste management and recycling industry reached 95 million Euros in 2009. The sector creates between 1.2 and 1.5 million jobs and accounts for around 1% of the GDP of the EU. — With regards to obtaining information, a “Report on statistics compiled pursuant to the Regulation No. 2150/2002, on waste statistics and their quality” was published in 2008. This report concluded that the obligations imposed by the Regulation have resulted in methodological developments and changes to the state systems used for collecting data. However, there is still room for improvement with regards to the standardisation of criteria by the various environmental bodies, the inclusion of data on the amount of waste generated in agriculture, livestock farming, hunting, forestry, fishing and the service industry, calculating the waste generated by small businesses and clarifying interpretation criteria for the concepts of prevention vs reuse; recycling vs. recovery of materials, among others. — Broadly speaking, the conclusion reached is that those Member States that are more advanced have clearly chosen to support the waste management hierarchy and they have therefore created more favourable conditions for recycling markets, thanks to optimised use of legislative and economic instruments. These include prohibiting waste sent to landfill, setting up taxes and duties in accordance with the waste hierarchy and applying the “polluter pays” concept to various waste streams. This has resulted in the price of products and services gradually absorbing the cost of waste management.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ASSESSMENT

2. THE CURRENT SITUATION OF

WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY

Waste generation The amount of waste generated in the Basque Autonomous Community in 2010 reached 5,430,279 tonnes, of which half (2,794,198 t; 51%) was non-hazardous waste; 22% (1,200,000 t) non-hazardous construction and demolition waste; 20% (1,068,581 t) municipal waste and 7% (367,500 t) hazardous waste.

The amount of waste produced in the Basque Autonomous Community is strongly determined by its industrial activity and the waste generated as a result of its most significant production processes. There are five sectors of activity which together are responsible for practically all the waste produced (94.95%): —M etal manufacturing and processing sector: 1,746,121 t; 32%. — Construction sector: 1,240,248 t; 23%. — Municipal waste and similar: 1,071,583 t; 20% — Paper and wood sector: 579,481 t; 11% — Water and waste treatment sector: 518,518 t; 10% The contribution of any other sector is lower than 2%.

Figure 1

Types of waste generated (2010) Data in tonnes

Waste management

22% CDW non-hazardous 1.200.000

There is currently a network in place for the treatment of waste and this is generally sufficient. However, there is a need to export the following waste streams to other Autonomous Communities or other States: 51% NHW 2.794.198

20% MW 1.068.581 7% HW 367.500

In recent years, the amount of waste generated has decreased. This is partly due to the economic downturn, but also because of increased efficiency in the use of resources. This is shown below via the data for waste generation in comparison to the GDP at constant prices for 2010, 2010 and 2011:

azardous contaminated land. —H — At present, salt slags from the secondary smelting of aluminium are transported to the only specific recycling plant that is currently in existence. — Halogenated waste, which is usually exported for incineration. — Surplus treated waste (such as organic matter) sent for recovery. With regards to imported waste, the most significant type is waste shipped from both Spain and Europe to recycling plants and steel mills based in the Basque Autonomous Community for the purpose of metal recovery.

Figure 2.

Total waste/GDP at constant prices (2010)

0,0827

t of waste/Euro

0,0834

0,0782

2010

2011

2012

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ASSESSMENT

The challenge currently faced is to maximise use of the recycling and recovery infrastructures that are in place and take full advantage of their treatment capacity instead of sending waste to landfill, thereby shifting the balance that currently exists between recovery and disposal rates to favour of the former. Regardless of whether the future looks bright in terms of managing certain waste streams, some priority waste streams may therefore require infrastructures to fill the capacity for pre-treatment, thereby enabling recovery. In principle, these waste streams would be: oundry sand (sand and fines from green moulding and —F sand and fines from chemical moulding). — Sludge from pulp and paper mills (deinking sludge, sewage sludge, dregs from causticizing and lime sludge). — Sludge from WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants) — Certain types of batteries (NiMH, NiCd, Lithium).

With regards to the main sectors, the majority of recycling treatments are applied within the iron and steel and wood/ paper industries, whereas water and waste treatment is currently the sector where disposal is most frequently used. Waste from construction and demolition and municipal waste and similar are subjected to both treatments in equal measure.

Figure 3.

Distribution of types of waste treatment (2010) 2% Others

46% Landfill

45% Recycling

The following chart shows the distribution of waste treatments with regards to waste produced overall (see Figure 3). The treatments of recovery (51%) and disposal (49%) are applied in similar percentages. 45% of the waste produced is recycled; 6% is used to energy recovery; <0,1% is incinerated, 47% is sent to landfill and the remaining 2% is subjected to other disposal procedures, such as physical or chemical treatments.

Waste electrical and electronic equipment, a waste stream that is on the increase.

6% Energy recovery

0,06% Incineration

Construction and Demolition Waste treated for subsequent use. Source: Orobio

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ASSESSMENT

The following table shows how the main waste streams are managed:

Table 1.

Waste management for the main waste streams in the Basque Autonomous Community (2010). Data expressed in tonnes Total

Main waste streams

Recycled t

NONHAZARDOUS WASTE

CDW

Used for energy recovery t

Sent to landfill

or alternative form of disposal

Steelworks slag

910.367

463.160 51%

447.206 49%

Sludge from pulp and paper mills (deinking sludge, sewage sludge, dregs from causticizing and lime sludge)

221.288

130.560 59%

90.728 41%

Wood shavings and sawdust

180.620

142.690 79%

23.481 13%

14.450 8%

Scrap

179.070

155.791 87%

23.279 13%

Sludge from wastewater treatment

139.437

Foundry sand (sand and fines from green moulding and sand and fines from chemical moulding)

Construction and demolition waste

6.972 5%

69.719 50%

62.747 45%

133.382

45.068 34%

88.314 66%

1.200.000

624.000 52%

576.000 48%

HAZARDOUS WASTE

Steel dust

1.305

102.229

99%

1.305

Pickling acid

10.626

42.162

80%

10.626

20%

Salt slags from secondary aluminium production

27.404 100%

Lubricants Black dross from secondary aluminium production

9.678

Sludge from surface treatments

10.294

Oil and oily waste

12.689

Hazardous contaminated land

3.082 24% 11.644 100%

470 4% 11.134 46%

613 3%

1.364

9.678 76% 10.294 96% 12.694 51% 34.346 100%

MUNICIPAL WASTE

Paper/Cardboard

318.183

Biowaste Lightweight packaging Glass

98.061

Textiles

31.184

3.627 12%

10.606 34%

16.951 54%

Bulky waste

25.262

2.453 10%

11.781 47%

11.027 44%

Wood

23.725

14.966 63%

2.668 11%

6.092 26%

White goods

13.773

3.540 26%

1.672 12%

8.561 62%

Plastics

12.271

6.532 53%

1.852 15%

3.887 32%

Gardening waste

13.033

8.902

68%

4.131

32%

Metals

9.767

6.263

64%

3.504

36%

Household hazardous waste

3.731

504

14%

3.226

86%

Vegetable oil

3.384

3.285

97%

100

Batteries

2.524

429 17%

34 1%

2.061 82%

Fluorescent material

71 90%

1 1%

7 9%

162.417 51%

40.860 13%

114.906 36%

261.429

4.357 2%

73.339 28%

183.734 70%

136.341

21.472 16%

34.096 25%

80.773 59%

51.024

52%

47.038

48%

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ASSESSMENT

Of the 2,794,198 t of non-hazardous waste generated in the Basque Autonomous Community in 2010, practically half (1,328,653 t; 48%) originated from the thermal processing of steel and iron (LER 10). Waste from the wood/paper industry (LER 03; 579,482 t; 21%) and the treatment of waste and wastewater (LER 19; 505,512 t; 18%), take second and third place respectively, rounding up a trio of sectors that produce 86% of the total waste generated. With regards to waste treatment, recovery and disposal are used in practically equal measure; 51% of the total waste is recovered (1,286,728 t used for material recovery and 128,269 t for energy recovery), while disposal treatments (landfill) are applied to the remaining 49% (1,379,201 t). Among the various types of hazardous waste, steel dust is the waste stream with the highest rate of generation (103,534 t) and virtually the whole amount (99%) is recycled. Pickling acids (52,788 t, 80% recycled) and salt slags from secondary aluminium production (27,404 t, 100% recycled) complete the top three waste streams in terms of waste production. As we move down the list, there are several waste streams with a similar annual production rate: lubricants (12,760 t; 24% recycled - a restricted amount due to the nature of this waste), black dross from secondary aluminium production (11,644 t, 100% recycled), machining sludge (10,764 t, 2% recycled - a restricted amount due to the nature of this waste), etc.

As far as Municipal Waste is concerned, 1,068,581 tonnes were generated in the Basque Autonomous Community in 2010, with 841,827 tonnes (79%) from households and 226,754 tonnes (21%) from businesses, institutions and industry. Per capita, this works out as 492 Kg. of domestic waste per year, which is higher than the EU-12 average (485 Kg. per inhabitant) and lower than that of countries such as the United Kingdom and Denmark. Biowaste, paper-cardboard and packaging account for twothirds of this waste. In terms of municipal waste, the major challenge lies in reducing the overall amount generated by 10% in accordance with Art.15 of Law 22, which means that the average must fall from 492 to 443 Kg. per inhabitant by 2020. Secondly, Article 22.1.a) of Law 22/2011 states that, by 2020, 50% of recyclable municipal waste as a whole must undergo preparation for reuse or recycling processes. The selective collection and separation of biowaste, which is being implemented in the three Basque Provinces to a greater or lesser extent, will be a deciding factor as to whether this objective is achieved. Furthermore, there is also scope for improvement with regards to lightweight packaging.

Two waste streams in particular deserve special mention: ils and oily waste are grouped under LER 13, but they â&#x20AC;&#x201D;O have different LER codes depending on their nature. This means that they do not appear separately among the waste streams that generate the most waste, although they have a combined generation rate of 24,441 tonnes per year. The fact that oily water and sludge are included under this LER means that practically half of the total generated is subjected to physical-chemical disposal treatments. For non-halogenated oils in particular, which can theoretically be regenerated, the amount produced annually reaches 7,032 t. azardous contaminated soil is a waste stream with no â&#x20AC;&#x201D;H annual production rate as it is the result of actions carried out in the past. However, the amount generated annually can reach very significant levels (34,346 t in 2010) and is primarily related to activity undertaken in the construction industry.

Organic household waste that has been selectively collected to make compost. Source: residuosprofesional.com

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ASSESSMENT

Future evolution of waste flows The way in which the various waste streams evolve as 2020 approaches will be strongly determined by the behaviour of economic activity, and particularly those industries which play a central role in waste production in the Basque Autonomous Community: the iron and steel, pulp-paper and construction industries, etc. Given the current climate, it is difficult to forecast the behaviour of these industries in 2020. Nevertheless, experience from past recessions indicates that the industrial sector usually recovers at a slower rate than the speed at which it declined, whereas the level of household consumption generally tends to increase at the same rate at which it fell. With regards to waste generation, however, it is important to note that the EU identifies certain waste streams whose volume is prone to increasing during this period1, and this is largely due to consumption patterns. These waste streams are the result of the consumption of products from the food, housing (including the construction and demolition of buildings as well as installing furniture) or mobility industries and, despite the fact that we are unable to predict their evolution with any degree of certainty, they are the focus of specific measures and given priority under the Programme for Prevention detailed in this Plan. Among them are the following: — Biowaste: Due to increased consumption of fruit and vegetables compared to meat. —C DW and WEEE: The area of land used for building housing is expected to increase slightly. However, this factor has been hugely affected by the economic situation and its associated uncertainty. The International Energy Agency (IEA) (2009) expects the purchase and use of electrical and electronic equipment to continue to grow. nd-of-life vehicles and associated waste: Between —E 2010 and 2030, demand for mobility in the EU-25 is expected to increase by a further 30% and feature similar patterns (the use of high-impact means of transport). Endof-life vehicles and all their associated waste therefore play a key role in waste prevention policies.

Meanwhile, as far as emerging forms of waste are concerned, no new waste stream is expected to reach significant generation levels in principle. However, special care must be taken over the management of these new waste streams, which include waste generated from the dismantling of ships, waste from biotechnology and nanotechnology, aeronautical waste, nanomaterials, bioplastics, waste from composites and resins, etc. Based on this information, the following levels of waste generation would be reached if no action was taken with regards to waste (see Figure 4). As the graph clearly demonstrates, the total amount of waste generated in 2020 could reach 5,993,208 tonnes and would be lower than the value for 2007, a year which represents a turning point in the generation of waste prior to the onset of the crisis. If, on the other hand, a waste plan is implemented, the amount of waste produced in 2020 would be 10% lower than that generated in 2010, embracing the objective outlined in Article 15 of Law 22/2011. In this case, the total waste generated would reach 4,863,579 tonnes (see Figure 5).

The main waste recycling, recovery and disposal facilities which currently exist The Basque Autonomous Community currently has a network for the collection and treatment of hazardous and non-hazardous waste. There is also a network for the collection and treatment of municipal waste, which is specific to each Basque Province in this case. However, there are opportunities for improvement with regards to recovery (see Table 2).

Hazardous and non-hazardous industrial waste

Broadly speaking, the collection of hazardous and nonhazardous waste takes place privately, via an agreement between the producer and the waste management company. This means that market factors may have a greater influence than how close the parties are geographically.

1 Information taken from the document “European Environment. State and Outlook 2010. Consumption and the environment”. Published by the European Commission in Nov. 2010.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ASSESSMENT

However, there are initiatives which are geared towards the collection of industrial waste on a geographical basis. One such example is the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Regulating ordinance on the waste collection services for industrial estates, business parks and technology parks in the San Marcos association of municipalitiesâ&#x20AC;?, which includes 14 different types of waste which are basically similar to municipal waste.

In these cases, the challenge lies not so much in drawing up new collection routes, which would be covered by the network of authorised waste management companies, but in ensuring that producers separate their waste correctly and avoid mixing waste as far as possible.

figure 4.

Evolution of waste generation WITHOUT ADOPTING THE PLAN (2014-2020) 4.000.000 3.500.000

3.483.715

Tonnes

3.090.130

2.794.198

3.000.000 2.500.000 2.000.000 1.500.000 1.000.000 500.000 0

1.494.897

1.224.514 456.853

1.200.000

1.257.226

367.500

2007 2008

NHW HW MW CDW Non-hazardous

1.235.237

1.068.581

410.615

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

figure 5.

Evolution of waste generation AFTER ADOPTING THE PLAN (2014-2020) 4.000.000 3.500.000

3.483.715 2.794.198

Tonnes

3.000.000

2.491.106

2.500.000 2.000.000 1.500.000 1.000.000

1.494.897

1.080.000 1.224.514

500.000 0

1.200.000

456.853

1.068.581

1961.723 330.750

367.500

2007 2008

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

NHW HW MW CDW Non-hazardous

Table 2.

Summary of the existing waste treatment capacity Tipo residuo

Collection

Recovery

Disposal

Type of waste

Yes Partial Yes

Hazardous waste2

Yes Partial Partial

Municipal waste

Yes Partial Yes

2 Even though the network for collecting and treating hazardous waste is extensive, there are no final treatment facilities available for certain types of waste. Some waste streams require highly specific facilities, and these would be difficult to justify given the volume generated within the Basque Autonomous Community.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ASSESSMENT

It is thought that the existing treatment capacity will be sufficient to absorb the generation of hazardous and nonhazardous waste forecast in the Plan for 2020. However, there are certain waste streams (foundry sand, pulppaper mill sludge, WWTP sludge) for which outlets for pre-treatment and use in the market need to be found. With regards to two waste streams in particular, there is a need to determine with more certainty whether infrastructure for their treatment and/or recovery is actually required. These waste streams are CDW in the Basque Province of Gipuzkoa and non-contaminated altered soil. In principle, infrastructure is believed to be required for the latter so that altered soil can be prepared and stored prior to recovery. Inert landfills may therefore also be required in order to dispose of the resulting nonrecoverable waste.

Municipal waste

With regards to COLLECTION SYSTEMS, the rubbish container is the most widespread option. There are currently specific units in place for the selective collection and separation of organic waste, glass, packaging, papercardboard, vegetable oil, batteries, reusable waste (clothing, footwear and other accessories, small electrical goods, books, toys, household goods and other miscellaneous items) and the mass collection of any remaining waste. The extent to which each collection is implemented varies depending on the geographical area. Door-to-door collection is a method which has been implemented from time to time throughout the years for particular types of waste, such as cardboard or glass from commercial sources or certain bulky items. However, in recent years, this method has started to be used for all domestic waste, especially in the Basque Province of Gipuzkoa. In the case of bulky waste and WEEE, the most common collection system is kerbside drop-off and collection via

open-topped truck where all the material is stacked together, as organised by the Local Authorities. There are other instances where the concept of collection does not feature, as it is the producer that is responsible for waste shipment. These include home composting and community composting, recycling centres or ‘Garbigunes’, collection at the point of sale and distributor take-back schemes. In any case, there is room for improvement with regards to collection systems for certain waste streams, such as structural fiber cement generated by the public, biowaste, paint residues, items which can be reused (textiles, toys, books, etc.), oils, etc. RECOVERY AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES are implemented in accordance with the various Provincial Council Plans for the Prevention and Management of Municipal Waste and are organised by the Basque Provinces. Annex 15 of this Plan features a list of the main facilities that are in existence. With regards to capacity for the treatment of municipal waste in 2016, the study of provincial Plans has revealed that the Basque Autonomous Community will have capacity for the mechanical biological treatment of 470,000 tonnes3. This capacity is sufficient for the rate of generation forecast by this Plan and for its objectives to be met. In conclusion, as far as municipal waste is concerned, the current need for infrastructure to treat some of these types of waste (biowaste, packaging,…), as featured in the Provincial Council Plans, is expected to have been met by the time this Plan reaches completion. This also applies to other waste-related issues which have yet to be resolved and are therefore covered by this Plan (areas for the selective collection and separation of structural fiber cement, household hazardous waste and WEEE, the recycling rate for recyclable municipal waste, the amount of primary municipal waste, increasing the rate of preparation for reuse of WEEE, textiles, bulky waste…).

120,000 tonnes in Araba, 180,000 tonnes in Bizkaia and 170,000 tonnes forecast in Gipuzkoa.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ASSESSMENT

Mechanical biological waste treatment plant in Bilbao.

Mechanical biological waste treatment plant in Araba. Source: Biocompost de Ă lava

Source: Garbiker Zabalgarbi energy recovery plant. Source: Garbiker

PLAN NING

Concrete urban furniture made from recycled aggregate from Construction and Demolition Waste Sources: Gaiker and Orobio

1. PRINCIPLES The objectives and measures involved in this plan are rooted in eight basic principles:

Principle of protecting human health and the environment

The measures taken with regards to waste must not have any adverse effect on human health or the environment, and they must also be in line with the strategies for fighting climate change. This is the basic principle of any environmental policy.

Principle of waste management hierarchy

The best type of waste is one which is not generated in the first place. As a result, waste prevention and preparation for reuse are instrumental in stopping waste from being generated, while recycling and recovery, prioritised in that order, are the options which help waste continue to be a resource.

Principles of self-sufficiency, proximity and universality

In order to minimise the environmental impact and risks which are primarily associated with transport, waste must be treated at the nearest suitable facilities. This requires a sufficient network of infrastructures that ensures similar conditions of service are applied to every producer, regardless of their geographical location.

Principles of extended producer responsibility and shared responsibility across all agents

The new regulations on waste state that the producer has extended responsibility which applies from the design phase through to the end-of-life of their product or service. The internalisation of â&#x20AC;&#x153;life cycle thinkingâ&#x20AC;? and application of ecodesign practices are therefore one of the great challenges faced by the whole of Europe.

Principle of transparency and participation Increasing transparency and traceability in waste management makes it easier to apply the waste hierarchy. The participation of all those agents involved again plays a crucial role in achieving both of these goals.

Principle of life cycle and circular economy In a continent characterised by a lack of raw materials and a need for new production patterns, applying the waste management hierarchy will encourage a circular resource economy which is designed to maximise the reincorporation of materials contained in waste back into the manufacturing circuit at the end of their life cycle.

Principles of sustainability, green market growth and the creation of jobs

The balance between environmental, social and economic factors is fundamental to fostering a model for sustainable society. When it comes to waste, not only is achieving a synthesis of these three factors possible, but it yields many more results. Applying the waste management hierarchy will encourage the green market to grow, giving an outlet to those products which are prepared for reuse and recovered materials.

Principle of effective management

The optimisation of resources is fundamental to achieving the objectives that we propose. The government must assume this responsibility and set a positive example through the simplification and streamlining of procedures, transparency, interinstitutional collaboration, coordination of resources and the search for comprehensive solutions.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

2. STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES

3. ACTION PROGRAMMES

Taking into account the current situation, relevant regulatory framework, aforementioned principles and challenges detected, the following strategic objectives are proposed:

Furthermore, this Plan for the Prevention and Management of Waste in the Basque Autonomous Community 2020 outlines 5 action programmes, each of which responds to one of the five strategic objectives that have been established. These are:

TABLe 3.

Strategic Objectives of the Plan Objetivos estratégicos

1. Reduce the total amount of waste generated by 10% for 2020 compared to the amount produced in 2010, as well as the hazardousness of that waste.

2. Increase the selective collection and separation of waste to at least 75% for 2020, and set up collection systems for problematic waste streams.

— Programme for Prevention — Programme for Selective Collection and Separation — Programme for Preparation for reuse, Recycling and Recovery — Programme for Optimising Disposal — Programme for Exemplary Behaviour of Authorities and Good Governance

Each action programme outlines various measures which are designed to improve the situation of specific waste streams that have been prioritised, or to improve cross-cutting issues or situations.

3. Increase the proportion of waste which is prepared for reuse, recycled and recovered to 60% by 2020, resolving the main issues in the Basque Autonomous Community.

4. Optimise waste disposal by preventing primary waste from being sent to landfill, developing instruments to minimise waste, requiring the principles of proximity and self-sufficiency to be applied when recovering and disposing of waste whenever these actions can be carried out under equivalent conditions, and minimising the impact of existing landfills.

5. Improve information and transparency concerning waste; simplify and streamline administrative procedures as far as waste regulations allow, and boost the green market and the creation of jobs by developing and implementing this Plan.

Marine waste used for works of art. Torremadariaga Biodiversity Centre. Source: Xandi Kreuzeder, from the group Skeleton Sea

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

— Potential for improvement with regards to the programme in question (prevention, selective collection and separation, preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery).

In each action programme, the main issues or waste streams have been prioritised in accordance with the criteria below: — Existence of legal requirements: Within each programme, priority shall be given to the waste streams that have some legal requirement attached.

— Potential for generating market opportunities: Waste streams whose resolution will help to create market opportunities.

— Significance: Waste streams which account for the greatest amount of waste shall be prioritised, as well as those where the quantity produced is tending to rise, regardless of how much waste they produce compared to other streams.

The measures therefore focus on solving a specific problem and are organised according to the “mixed methods” approach. The strategy or programme for action that includes each waste stream can be found in the table below. The following sections explain what each of the 5 programmes is designed to achieve.

— Hazardousness: The most hazardous waste streams are also prioritised due to the greater impact they have on the environment.

TABLe 4.

Waste streams prioritised under the Plan in order of contribution to the strategic objectives, and the Action Programmes in which they feature Action Programme Prioritised waste streams Prevention

Selective collection and separation

Preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery

Optimising disposal

Biowaste

•

Construction and demolition waste (CDW)

•

Packaging

•

White goods and other WEEE

•

Excavated soil (altered and non-altered)

•

Steelworks slag

•

Sludge from pulp and paper mills

•

Foundry sand

•

Sludge from WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants)

•

Batteries, fluorescent material and HHW (hazardous household waste)

•

Solvents, paint and varnish, oil and lubricants....

•

End-of-life vehicles (ELVs) and end-of-life tyres (ELTs)

•

Waste containing mercury

•

Structural fiber cement

•

Phytosanitary and zoosanitary waste

•

Paper and cardboard, glass, metals, wood,

•

Waste from ship dismantling

•

Waste that can be self-managed

•

Material captured from landfill

•

Hazardous waste sent away for disposal and waste treated outside the Basque Autonomous Community

•

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

Programme for prevention European environmental policy supports the prevention of waste and lists it as the preferred option in the waste hierarchy. This is because life cycle assessment studies show that any form of waste treatment has a greater impact on the environment than if the waste hadn’t been produced in the first place. Waste prevention is closely linked to improvements in the design of products and services or production patterns, and it is strongly influenced by consumption patterns. This is why awareness campaigns play a key role alongside other forms of action, as waste prevention will not happen if the environmental behaviour of the consumer does not improve.

The final aim of the programme for prevention is to decouple economic growth from the impact on human health and the environment which is linked to the generation of waste. The Strategic Objective of this programme is to reduce the total amount of waste generated by 10% for 2020, in comparison to the amount produced in 2010. The Specific Objectives that this programme for prevention sets out to achieve are detailed below. —R educe the amount of waste produced and its toxicity, placing special emphasis on decoupling the generation of waste from economic growth. —E ncourage the reuse of products whenever possible in order to prevent them from becoming waste. —R educe the amount of food waste by making processing, distribution and consumption more efficient, or by taking advantage of food for other purposes (food banks...) —P romote home composting in rural areas or community composting in residential areas that are not densely populated. —E ncourage the substitution of toxic substances in certain products, as well as the replacement of single-use plastic bags that are non-biodegradable. —P romote the implementation of the Best Available Techniques (BAT) for waste prevention that have been approved by the European Commission. — I nform the general public and raise awareness as to the importance of reducing the impact caused, the alternatives that are available and the guidelines for sustainable consumption and use of the goods and services in question. — I nform and raise awareness among the various agents involved in the value chains of the abovementioned products as to the importance of minimising the impact caused.

Soul is a type of packaging for eggs that is made with ecodesign techniques which reduce the amount of paper used by 15%. It is made from paper waste from the blue container. Source: CEMOSA

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

Programme for selective collection and separation Selective collection and separation enables waste with homogeneous characteristics to be grouped together, which means it can be recovered more successfully. Separation is even more important in the case of hazardous waste, because it can contaminate other forms of waste which are not as hazardous and hamper any future treatments that could be applied to waste gathered via mass collection. Selective collection systems for steel have been implemented and are widespread throughout all the Basque provinces. These collection systems complement other services such as ‘Garbigunes’ and mobile recycling points.

legislation. In this case, the objective shall be to reach at least those rates. The strategic objective of this programme is to “increase the proportion of waste that is selectively collected and separated to at least 75% by 2020, and put collection systems in place for problematic waste streams”. The specific objectives are related to each waste stream and to reaching the collection rates required by legislation or under the framework of this Plan.

As far as industrial waste is concerned, a proportion of this is not separated correctly and ends up getting mixed, thereby creating so-called industrial mixes. This mixed waste is very difficult to recover, so it is important to encourage measures that prompt producers to separate any waste which could be valuable, while simultaneously ensuring that landfill sites do not accept mixed waste that contains valuable material. On the other hand, there are hazardous waste streams from various sources where selective collection and separation requires marked improvement in order to reach a better level of control and final management. These include structural fiber cement, amalgams, water and other waste containing mercury, household hazardous waste, or phytosanitary and zoosanitary products from the primary sector. Selective collection and separation is therefore crucial, because it is the first step towards any treatment that involves recycling, the recovery of materials or energy from that waste, or proper management. Organising selective separation and collection is a measure which requires time and, on occasion, coordination between the various agents involved, as well collection systems in order for it to take place. As a result, there are waste streams which are starting to emerge and fall under the scope of this Plan, but where the only objective set in terms of recovery or recycling is that of selective collection and separation, and this is expected to be implemented in the future. In addition, the collection rates for some waste streams have already been established in European

Selective collection using various systems of containers, either door-to-door or via mobile garbingune. Irekia, Diario Vasco.com and El correo.com

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

Programme for preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery In accordance with Article 21 of Law 11/2012 of 19 December on urgent environmental measures, which is an amendment of Law 22/2011, within their respective sphere of competence, environmental authorities must take the necessary measures to implement priority schemes to encourage the reuse of products, activities related to preparation for reuse and recycling, paying attention to the principles of waste prevention and promoting reuse and highquality recycling. Some of the measures promoted include setting up storage sites for waste that can be prepared for reuse, as well as supporting the implementation of reuse networks and centres. Measures shall also be put in place to promote products prepared for reuse and recycled products by means of public procurement and quantitative targets in management plans. The strategic objective linked to this programme is to “increase the proportion of waste which is prepared for reuse, recycled and recovered to 60% by 2020, resolving the main waste issues in the Basque Autonomous Community”.

—F inalise recovery strategies for the main streams of non-hazardous waste such as steelworks slag, foundry sand, pulp-paper mill sludge and WWTP sludge, thereby reaching the recovery rates specified for each of these waste streams. —E stablish and publish guidelines for the dismantling of ships in collaboration with the industry in order to reach maximum levels of recycling and recovery. — Promote the self-management of hazardous waste. —S trengthen the development of new markets and the efficient use of secondary raw materials resulting from nonhazardous industrial waste recovery processes instead of other raw materials. The table below shows the priority waste streams and the key elements of the measures featured in the Programme for preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery, as well as the pages of Plan where these measures are listed in detail.

The specific objectives are therefore related to the recovery rates for prioritised waste streams, regardless of whether these are required by Law 22/2011, or specifically established as part of this “Plan for the Prevention and Management of Waste in the Basque Country 2020”4. Consequently, the specific objectives that this programme for preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery is designed to achieve are as follows: —F inalise the recycling strategy for CDW, excluding the raw materials specified, so that the recycling rate reaches 70% in terms of weight. — Encourage the preparation of WEEE for reuse. —R each the recovery rates specified for each prioritised stream of municipal waste, thereby promoting the recycling of paper, metals, glass, plastic, biowaste or other recyclable fractions, which must reach a combined rate of at least 50% in terms of weight.

Treated steelworks slag that has been transformed into raw material to create concrete blocks which are used as breakers in the Port of Bilbao. Source: TECNALIA

Article 22.1 of Law 22/2011:

— By 2020, the amount of domestic and commercial waste prepared for reuse, combined with the amount of paper, metals, glass, plastic, biowaste or other types of recyclable waste which is recycled, must account for at least 50% of the weight of waste produced. — By 2020, the amount of non-hazardous construction and demolition waste which is prepared for reuse, recycled or recovered for material (excluding the raw materials specified under category 17 05 04 in the List of Waste) must account for at least 70% of the weight of waste produced.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

Programme for optimising disposal

aste sent away for disposal outside the Basque —W Autonomous Community.

The programme for optimising disposal has been created in response to the final tier of the waste hierarchy and its purpose is therefore to minimise or optimise this form of management in favour of waste prevention, preparation for reuse, recycling or recovery. The Strategic Objective associated with this programme is to “optimise waste disposal by preventing primary waste from being sent to landfill, developing instruments to minimise waste, requiring the principles of proximity and self-sufficiency to be applied when recovering and disposing of waste whenever these actions can be carried out under equivalent conditions, and minimising the impact of existing landfills”.

The idea is therefore to restrict the disposal of these waste streams to an absolute minimum within the time frame of this Plan, ensuring that the preceding strategies of the waste hierarchy are employed first. The specific objectives that this programme for minimising disposal sets out to achieve are detailed below:

In this case, the waste streams in this programme are prioritised according to strict criteria as they are very different in nature. It is more related to deciding which waste streams will not be sent to landfill, depending on the opportunity for improvement posed by the preceding strategies in the waste hierarchy. The criteria used are therefore as follows:

—C omply with legal requirements concerning the disposal of biodegradable municipal waste. — Zero primary municipal waste sent to landfill by 2016. — Reduce disposal of recoverable waste streams. — Reduce the % of waste which is sent away for disposal outside the Basque Autonomous Community when that waste can be treated under generally equivalent conditions within the Community. — Identify landfill sites that pose an unacceptable risk to health or the environment and take measures to reduce that risk so that it reaches an acceptable level.

aste streams where there is a high potential of solving —W the problems they cause by implementing the preceding strategies.

The following table shows the prioritised waste streams for this programme and the key measures outlined under the Programme for optimising disposal.

Municipal waste landfill sites and the waste containment area at Argalario after being sealed and fully prepared. Source: Ihobe

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

Programme for Exemplary Behaviour of Authorities and Good Governance The aim of this programme is to respond to cross-cutting needs on the matter of waste which are related to measures employed by authorities, in order to improve administrative procedures overall. The strategic objective associated with this programme is to “improve information and transparency concerning waste; simplify and streamline administrative procedures as far as Law 22/2011 and waste regulations allow, and boost the green market and the creation of jobs through developing and implementing the Plan”. This aim is implemented through the following specific objectives, which in turn help us to achieve the strategic objective:

— Improve information and statistics related to waste, as well as increasing transparency and the control and follow-up of waste management and production. This will result in better planning, better information for the parties concerned and a more streamlined response when information has to be reported to higher levels. — As far as new waste regulations allow, simplify 75% of administrative procedures within the Department of Environment and Regional Planning by 2016. — Develop a waste shipment information system which provides better information on the amount generated and produced and improves the control mechanisms for shipments between Autonomous Communities. — Improve the classification, quantification and traceability of various waste streams.

The Department of Treasury works alongside the Department of Environment to produce green public purchasing criteria and environmentalise several of its contracts, such as tenders for cleaning. Source: Ihobe

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

4. INFRASTRUCTURE

REQUIRED

Measures to be promoted with regards to infrastructure After a detailed analysis into the need for infrastructure for the main waste streams, the conclusion reached is the following measures shall be promoted with regards to infrastructure: 1. F easibility studies shall be carried out into the need for infrastructures for the recovery of CDW in Gipuzkoa, as well as for the classification and treatment of non-contaminated altered soil and subsequent disposal of the resulting nonrecoverable waste.

4. Support will be given to the creation of areas throughout the Basque Provinces which are devoted to the selective collection and separation of structural fiber cement that is produced domestically, household hazardous waste and WEEE. 5. T he necessary measures will be taken with regards to batteries and textiles (increasing information and raising awareness of how to use existing infrastructure properly rather than creating more). 6. S upport will be given to recovering energy from high calorific waste which is not recyclable and has originated from waste treatment plants (wood debris found in scrap metal or certain types of waste from mechanical biological treatment plants, the separation of packaging or CDW treatment plants).

2. S upport must be given to developing pre-treatment systems or new treatments for foundry sand, pulp-paper mill sludge and WWTP sludge to enable recycling and/or effective energy recovery.

Guidelines for implementing new facilities

3. I mprovements to the separate and selective collection of hazardous and non-hazardous industrial waste shall be encouraged, as this is one of the key factors in improving recovery.

This Waste Plan outlines a series of environmental guidelines that must be taken into account when setting up new waste management facilities in order to prevent or, if applicable, minimise any possible impact upon the environment that may result. These guidelines must be taken into account when:

Bilbao biocomposting plant.

The Koopera centre for preparing waste for reuse.

Source: Garbiker

Source: Koopera Buenavista Health Centre in Portugalete, developed with sustainable building criteria. Source: Osakidetza

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

armarking sites for the creation of new waste —E management facilities. —C arrying out the environmental analysis that features in the plan approval procedures and enables those facilities to be implemented, as well as the analysis that features in the procedures for authorising the projects themselves which have been created for that purpose. The environmental guidelines outlined over the full course of the Plan are structured around the following aspects, in accordance with the Reference Paper issued under the Resolution of 30 April 2014 by the director of Environmental Management: — Size. — Location. In addition to the environmental guidelines detailed in the Plan, other types of guidelines such as as those included in the various Sectoral Provincial Plans from the Basque Autonomous Community must always be taken into account. These can be found at: http://www.ingurumena.ejgv.euskadi.net/r49-20698/eu/

achieved, the various measures featured must allow a certain degree of flexibility so that they can be adapted to economic and environmental changes in the future, as well as other developments. Despite the uncertainty that surrounds macro-economic development in the coming years, and based on the fact that the situation is likely to be one of economic austerity, both for the Autonomous Community as a whole and on a provincial and local basis, an estimation as to the budget required for executing the various Courses of Action outlined in the “Plan for the Prevention and Management of Waste in the Basque Country 2020” has been made in accordance with the expert judgement of the professionals at the Basque Government (the Vice-Ministry of Environment and Ihobe). The annual breakdown for each of the Programmes included in the Plan is shown in the following chart (seeTable 5). Under these constraints, the operating budget required to execute the Plan correctly is estimated to total €6,727,000, which is to be spread across the six years the Plan is in force. In any case, the Plan is expected to be reviewed in 2016, which will enable measures to be adjusted and the relevant financial costs will therefore also be updated at that point.

5. Economic resources

for the plan

The “Plan for the Prevention and Management of Waste in the Basque Autonomous Community 2020” shall remain in force for six years and shall be implemented via two Action Plans, for 2015-2016 and 2017-2020, with the final year reserved for assessment and planning the following edition, if necessary. Given that the time frame is expected to exceed five years, it is understandable that there is a significant degree of uncertainty concerning the determining factors that will shape the economic requirements of this Plan. This increases further still with regards to the latter years of the plan. Consequently, assuming that the objectives specified are

TABLe 5.

Breakdown of the expected budget for implementing the Plan for the Prevention and Management of Waste in the Basque Autonomous Community 2020 Budget for the Plan by Programme

Prevention

41%

Programme for selective collection and separation

Programme for preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery

29%

Programme for optimising disposal

Programme for exemplary behaviour of authorities and good governance

22%

TotaL

Eur 6,727,000

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

6. FOLLOW-UP AND EVALUATION

Follow-up system and associated documentation

Review Bodies for the plan and responsibilities

In the first stages, the Plan will come with a Two-year action plan 2015-2016 which will be roughly evaluated on an annual basis, with this information being used to update the relevant annual management Plan. At the end of the two-year period, the action plan will undergo extensive review. This involves publishing the relevant results and public information in addition to developing a new work plan for the following four years, which shall continue to be reviewed every year.

OF THE PLAN

The task of monitoring and carrying out periodic reviews shall rest with the Plan Follow-Up Committees. Two committees will be set up; one on a technical level, comprising a multidisciplinary team from the Vice-Ministry of Environment, and the other on an executive level, which will include policy makers from the Vice-Ministry of Environment. On an annual basis, the Technical Follow-Up Committee shall produce a report which includes at least the following: —A follow-up on the indicators of the Plan (with the cumulative result for that year vs the baseline targets). —A n evaluation of each action, detailing the degree of progress, actual contribution to the objective and an appraisal of the measure. he satisfaction or feedback of the various agents involved —T in carrying out the Plan over the course of that year. This report shall be accompanied by an “annual executive summary” that uses a synthesised approach to present the results in the “Scorecard of Plan Indicators”, as well as proposed amendments and a draft proposal for the “Plan for annual management of the Plan”.

When creating the relevant reports, the Technical Follow-Up Committee will seek information from a group of individuals involved in the process of waste generation and management in the Basque Autonomous Community. The purpose of this is to collect their comments as to the level of progress of the Plan, as well as their suggestions concerning those courses of action which are not progressing as expected. The final review of the plan will take place in 2020, its final year. The data and indicators from the inventories for 2019 will be used to do this, as they will provide an insight into the results expected to be obtained in 2020. This review will allow the results obtained during the whole period to be assessed, and will act as the basis for creating the new waste plan which is to replace the 2020 version. On this occasion, the final results achieved will also be published.

The Executive Committee shall review those documents and make a decision on the changes to be made in the annual management Plan for the following year. If changes are required, an agreement must be reached with the various agents involved in that year.

Marine waste used for works of art. Torremadariaga Biodiversity Centre. Source: Xandi Kreuzeder, from the group Skeleton Sea

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

Follow-up indicators In order to assess whether the Strategic Objectives have been met, the following indicators have been established:

TABLe 6.

Follow-up indicators for the Strategic Objectives of the Plan for the Prevention and Management of Waste in the Basque Autonomous Community 2020 Partial-temporary objectives 5% reduction of the total waste generated in 2010 by 2016, and a 10% reduction by 2020. 2% reduction in the amount of hazardous waste generated by 2016, and a 5% reduction by 2020.

Strategic Objective 1: PREVENTION

Reach the target of 75 t waste/Million Euros (GDP of the Basque Autonomous Community) by 2020. Reach the target of 24 t hazardous waste (excluding contaminated land, structural fiber cement waste and oil/equipment with PCBs/PCTs) / Million Euros (industry GDP) by 2020. Reach the target of 448 Kg. of municipal household waste/ inhabitant per year by 2016, and 443 Kg./ inhabitant per year (961,723 t municipal waste) by 2020. 5% reduction in the amount of biowaste, packaging, household hazardous waste containing CDW and WEEE generated by 2016, and a 10% reduction by 2020.

Indicators • Tonnes of Hazardous Waste generated. • Tonnes of Non-Hazardous Waste generated. • Tonnes of Construction and Demolition Waste generated. • Tonnes of Domestic and Commercial Waste generated. • Tonnes of waste produced for every million Euros generated. • Tonnes of hazardous waste generated (excluding contaminated land, structural fiber cement waste and oil/equipment with PCBs/ PCTs) / industry GDP in the Basque Autonomous Community. • Tonnes of non-hazardous waste generated (excluding CDW)/ industry GDP in the Basque Autonomous Community. • Tonnes of Domestic and Commercial Waste generated per capita in the Basque Autonomous Community (Kg./(inhabitant per year). • % of parts or components from ELVs that are reused. • % of single-use plastic bags replaced compared to those which entered the market in 2007.

Strategic Objective 2: SELECTIVE COLLECTION AND SEPARATION

Replace 80% of single-use plastic bags that are non-biodegradable by 2016 and 100% by 2018, as well as complying with other related legal requirements.

Increase the selective collection and separation of biowaste to 30% by 2016, and 60% by 2020. Increase the selective collection and separation of CDW to 65% by 2016, and 75% by 2020. Increase the selective collection and separation of paper, glass, packaging, metal and wood to 50% by 2016, and 60% by 2020. Increase the selective collection and separation of batteries to 60% by 2016 and 80% by 2020, in addition to complying with the requirements listed in Directive 1991/157/EEC with regards to different types of batteries and accumulators. Establish stable collection systems for 4 merged waste streams, water and other waste containing mercury, phytosanitary and zoosanitary waste from agribusiness facilities, hazardous household waste and structural fiber cement.

• Overall rate of selective separation and collection. • Selective collection and separation rate for biowaste. • Selective collection and separation rate for CDW. • Selective collection and separation rate for paper, glass, packaging, metal and wood. • Selective collection and separation rate for edible fats and oils. • Selective collection and separation rate for textiles and the proportion of which was reusable. • Selective collection and separation rate for batteries. • Selective collection and separation rate for WEEE (Kg./inhabitant per year). • % of WEEE selectively collected and separated (compared to the EEE which entered the market in the Basque Autonomous Community over the previous three years). • Collection systems launched in collaboration with the agents involved. (.../...)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

(.../...)

Partial-temporary objectives Ensure 2% of WEEE produced is prepared for reuse by 2016, and 5% by 2020. Have 40% of recyclable waste streams (paper and cardboard, glass, plastics, metal, wood) prepared for reuse and recycled by 2016, increasing to 50% by 2020.

Strategic Objective 3: PREPARATION FOR REUSE, RECYCLING AND RECOVERY

Recycle 20% of biowaste by 2016, and 50% by 2020. By 2015 and 2018, reach the minimum targets for recovery and recycling for each category of WEEE as outlined in the WEEE Directive (2012/19/EU).

Indicators • % of material recovered from Hazardous Waste. • % of material recovered from Non-Hazardous Waste. • % of material recovered from Construction and Demolition Waste. • % of material recovered from Municipal Waste. • % of recyclable waste streams that are prepared for reuse and recycled. • % of waste selectively collected and separated.

Reach the minimum levels of efficiency for recycling of batteries in accordance with Directive 1991/157/EEC.

• T of waste streams collected as part of the programme for selective collection and separation.

Reach the target of reusing and recovering at least 95% of the average weight per vehicle and year by no later than 1 January 2015. Before the aforementioned date, at least 85% of the average weight per vehicle and year must be reused and recycled.

• % of WEEE recycled or recovered by category.

Recycle 75% of steelworks slag by 2016 and >90% by 2020. Recover 70% of paper mill sludge by 2016 and 95% by 2020. Recover 90% of WWTP sludge by 2016 and ≈100% by 2020. Recycle 50% of foundry sand by 2016 and 75% by 2020.

• % of selectively collected oils that are recycled. • % of selectively collected oils that are recovered. • % of selectively collected oils that are regenerated. • % of ELVs recycled. • % of ELVs that are recovered for energy. • % of packaging recycled (in total and by material: papercardboard; metal, plastic and wood). • % of energy recovered from packaging (in total and by material: paper-cardboard; metal, plastic and wood).

Recycle 60% of CDW by 2016 and 70% by 2020 (excluding LER 170504). Recover 63% of hazardous waste by 2016 and 65% by 2020.

(.../...)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

(.../...)

Strategic Objective 4: OPTIMISING DISPOSAL

Zero primary municipal waste sent to landfill by 2016, and compliance with legal requirements on sending biodegradable municipal waste to landfill.

Strategic Objective 5: PROGRAMME FOR EXEMPLARY BEHAVIOUR OF AUTHORITIES AND GOOD GOVERNANCE

Partial-temporary objectives

100% of inventories shall be published within the first 6 months of the following year.

Reduce disposal from 49% in 2010 to a maximum of 40%.

Indicators • % of biowaste sent to landfill. • % of steelworks slag, pulp-paper mill sludge, WWTP sludge, stony fractions from CDW, and moulding sand and fines sent to landfill. • % of Municipal Waste sent to landfill. • % of municipal waste sent to landfill without prior treatment. • % of pickling acids, lubricants and used industrial oils, batteries and accumulators that are disposed of inside and outside the Basque Autonomous Community, and inside the Basque Autonomous Community. • Tonnes of hazardous waste sent away for disposal outside the Basque Autonomous Community.

The level of satisfaction of the parties concerned with regards to the simplification and streamlining of administrative procedures shall be >7 by 2020. Boost the amount of green jobs, raising the proportion of jobs related to waste management to 6%. Simplify 75% of the relevant processes by 2016 and 100% by 2020

• Have inventories validated by the Basque Autonomous Community, as well as by the EC and the European Environment Agency in 2016. • The level of satisfaction of the parties concerned with regards to the simplification and streamlining of administrative procedures shall be greater than 7 out of 10 by the year 2020. • The usefulness of inventories must be assessed as greater than 7 out of 10 by the year 2016 in order to meet the requirements with regards to information and the development of the plan. • Increase employment related to waste management. • % of processes simplified.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 PLANNING

7. PROMOTING MARKET

OPPORTUNITIES

One of the principles outlined in this Plan for the Prevention and Management of Waste in the Basque Autonomous Community 2020 is the “Principle of sustainability, green market growth and the creation of jobs”. The purpose of this

principle to ensure that not just the environmental aspects, but also the economic and social elements of the Plan are taken into account during the planning stage. As a result, we believe that special importance must be given to those measures which bring about a clear growth of green market opportunities. These opportunities are listed below, along with the Action Programme to which they are linked.

TABLE 7.

Market opportunities and the associated action programme Oportunidades de mercado

Programa de Actuación Asociado

Encourage repair and second hand markets (white goods, ELVs and ELTs, bulky waste, textiles, books, etc.).

Programme for Prevention

Promote bulk and deposit-return systems.

Programme for Prevention

Support the collection of WEEE and its preparation for reuse.

Programme for Selective collection and separation

Promote products which use ecodesign, have ecolabelling or feature proven environmental improvements through Green Public Procurement and supporting ecodesign certification, Environmental Product Declaration ecolabelling (EPDs) and Sustainable Construction.

Programme for Prevention

Boost the market for products and secondary raw materials which are the result of waste recovery by complying with the quality standards that are in place.

Programme for Prevention / Programme for Preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery

Encourage the sustainable industry of ship dismantling, and the recycling and recovery of their components.

Programme for Preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery

Boost technologies related to waste prevention and recovery, as well as those linked to the on-site treatment of CDW and contaminated soil

Programme for Prevention / Programme for Preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery

Boost technologies related to waste prevention, stabilisation and reducing the danger of Hazardous Waste in order to optimise diposal.

Programme for optimising disposal

ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

Laminate flooring made from recycled fibre Source: Gaiker

1. DETAILED MEASURES FROM THE PROGRAMME FOR PREVENTION Biowaste

Time frame

P-A1-1 P romote a public communication and awareness campaign for the duration of time the Plan is in force which is aimed at minimising food waste (post-consumer domestic waste), under the scope of the European Commission’s LIFE project

2015-2020

ncourage the inclusion of generalised measures concerning home and community P-A1-2 E composting in provincial council plans.

2015-2020

P-A1-3 E ncourage voluntary agreements with the hospitality sector in order to promote the prevention of biowaste.

2015-2020

ncourage collaboration with the distribution sector, from large stores to small P-A1-4 E businesses, to promote the initiatives that are already in place to prevent biowaste (donations to food banks…) and comply with regulations regarding the phasing out of single-use shopping bags made from non-biodegradable plastic.

2015-2020

P-A1-5 C reate technical standards that determine when biomass is not waste for energy production.

2015-2020

P-A1-6 W ork with OCRU to include “pay as you throw” schemes in the new general environmental law as a tool for preventing waste generation, as well as collaborating with towns and joint municipalities with regards to implementation. P-A1-7 Work with the agri-food sector to prevent biowaste.

2014

2016-2019

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW)

Time frame

P-A2-1 E ndorse industrialised construction processes (using prefabricated structures to prevent waste from being produced).

2016-2020

ncourage economic agents (developers) to adopt voluntary agreements in order P-A2-2 E to apply sustainable construction practices, encourage selective demolition and refurbishment, and make sure parties involved in the construction and demolition industry are aware of techniques for sustainable construction, refurbishment and selective demolition.

2014-2020

P-A2-3 P romote the incorporation of preventive measures and reuse operations used by construction and demolition companies into waste management plans and studies into CDW management.

2014-2020

P-A2-4 B oost R&D into products for the construction industry which are easily reusable or recyclable, and which produce less waste, or waste that contains fewer hazardous substances, at the end of their service life.

2015-2020

nhance the way in which materials resulting from demolition are used so that P-A2-5 E producers and developers can use them for the same purpose for which they were designed.

Packaging

Time frame

P-A3-1 P romote ecodesign packaging to manufacturers and importers with a view to waste prevention, reuse and recycling.

2014-2020

P-A3-2 P romote a voluntary agreement with the distribution sector, manufacturers, big brands and small companies to encourage Deposit and Return Systems (DRS).

2016-2020

P-A3-3 I mplement awareness campaigns that encourage the general public to reduce their packaging waste and to correctly separate materials at source.

2014-2020

P-A3-4 U sing the objectives of this Plan as a basis, address business plans on the prevention of industrial waste packaging by proposing objectives and specific measures, such as funding from the Department of Environment and Regional Policy.

2014-2019

P-A3-5 C ome up with initiatives to prevent waste streams involving industrial glass waste and household glass waste in order to focus on selective collection and separation, and bring both initiatives together, thereby closing the cycle for glass which is not used as packaging.

2015

P-A3-6 S ign an agreement with collective ERP systems for packaging in order to encourage manufacturers to use ecodesign (incentives if they reach certain levels of recyclability) and ensure that the service is universal is nature and that requirements are met, etc.

2015-2016

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

White goods and other WEEE

Time frame

P-A4-1 Through ecodesign, promote: — the exchange of products for services (product service system) — the search for alternatives to the hazardous substances that are currently used in products and — measures which facilitate the dismantling and repair of products.

2014-2019

romote initiatives for improving the durability of products and a law that extends their P-A4-2 P warranty period to the Committee of the Regions and the European Commission.

2015-2016

tudy the possibility of granting tax benefits to products that have a greater durability P-A4-3 S and longer lifespan.

2016-2019

romote information/awareness campaigns aimed at the general public with regards to P-A4-4 P the purchase/use of electrical and electronic equipment.

2015-2019

romote information/awareness campaigns aimed at companies with regards to the P-A4-5 P purchase/use of electrical and electronic equipment, and machinery in general.

2014-2019

P-A4-6 W ork alongside the Provincial Councils and the manufacturing/distribution sector to support the repair of products which are launched onto the market.

2016-2019

ign an agreement with collective ERP systems for WEEE and batteries in order to P-A4-7 S encourage manufacturers to use ecodesign (incentives if they reach certain levels of recyclability), outline the part played by Local Authorities with regards to the collection of waste under their jurisdiction, establish the % of equipment which is to be prepared for reuse, ensure that the service is universal is nature and that legal requirements are met, work to improve traceability, encourage the return of reusable equipment to companies that are authorised to prepare it for reuse, etc.

2015-2016

Batteries, fluorescent material, household hazardous waste P-A5-1 S earch for alternatives from manufacturers/distributors in the Basque Autonomous Community with products which do not require batteries or, failing this, use batteries which are rechargeable and contain substances which are less hazardous, if possible. P-A5-2 Promote campaigns to raise awareness among the general public.

Time frame 2014

2015-2019

P-A5-3 O ffer collaboration and information on green procurement to the major buyers of hazardous household products, regardless of whether they are public authorities (General Services, Osakidetza, Ertzaintza, etc.) or private organisations (product distributors and the distribution sector in general).

2015-2019

P-A5-4 I ncorporate research into alternatives into the Science, Technology and Innovation Plan (STIP).

2015-2019

P-A5-5 S earch for alternatives from manufacturers/distributors in the Basque Autonomous Community with regards to household chemical products.

2015

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

End-of-life vehicles and end-of-life tyres

Time frame

P-A6-1 W ork alongside the sector on measures to encourage the reuse of parts and applying the hierarchy principle, including measures for lorries (support via training and web tools, setting up a memory model to make it easier to quantify and manage waste, training on how to extract refrigerant gases and the exporting of waste, etc.).

2016-2020

ncourage the reuse of end-of-life tyres, in addition to promoting servitization and P-A6-2 E preparation for their reuse. Measures for recovering material from tyres will also be encouraged.

2016-2020

ign an agreement with collective ERP systems for ELVs in order to encourage P-A6-3 S manufacturers to use ecodesign (incentives if they reach certain levels of recyclability) and ensure that the service is universal is nature and that requirements are met, etc.

2015-2016

P-A6-4 E ncourage the public and private purchase of refinished or retreaded tyres for large vehicles or the use of tyre hiring services as opposed to purchasing them.

2016-2020

upport and monitor the Plans for reducing tyre waste that large manufacturers P-A6-5 S have in place.

2014-2019

Measures for excavated soil (altered and non-altered) P-A7-1 P romote studies into the viability of “in situ” treatment technologies that are applicable to the reality of the Basque Autonomous Community and incentivise the use of those “in situ” clean-up technologies so that they are preferred over excavation and landfill. P-A7-2 P romote alternatives to excavation in collaboration with the Town Planning Departments of Town Councils, as well as encouraging the incorporation of car parks and viaducts into planning regulations and procurement solicitations. P-A7-3 E ncourage Basque Municipalities to incorporate guidelines regarding the management of contaminated soil and the reuse and/or recovery of land excavated through town planning.

Time frame 2015-2020

2015-2016

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

Cross-cutting measures related to waste prevention

Time frame

P-A8-1

romote studies into new types of waste with the aim of finding out what they are, P how much is generated and the problems they can cause.

P-A8-2

ncourage an agreement with the Department of Industry in order to include this E research in the STIP and thereby prevent these waste streams.

2015

P-A8-3

Transfer criteria to technology centres and universities within the Basque Autonomous Community to boost research into this matter.

2015

P-A8-4

Develop demonstration projects that promote waste prevention and transfer successful results to the affected sectors.

P-A8-5

Help the affected sectors to develop successful initiatives for preventing waste, especially with regards to hazardous waste and the reduction of hazardous substances, by using the Basque List of Clean Technologies and domestic or foreign funding.

P-A8-6

mechanisms in place to create specific procedures and make the declaration of Put by-products easier.

2015-2017

P-A8-7

Work alongside a market sector to develop the declaration of by-products.

2016-2019

P-A8-8

Encourage the implementation of BATs approved in Europe (Decree that transposes the IPPC law) via funding and tax deductions.

2017-2019

P-A8-9

trengthen the measures involved in the Study on the Minimisation of Hazardous S Waste approved by Royal Decree 952/1997, by defining its scope, reviewing and evaluating its content, annual follow-up, advice for companies, etc., so that large hazardous waste producers are required to take preventive measures as to the generation and hazardousness of their waste.

2014-2019

romote minimisation plans geared towards industrial consumers which propose P-A8-10 P objectives and specific measures, such as funding from the Department of Environment and Regional Policy and encouraging the application of best practices and clean technologies designed to prolong the service life of products (lubricants, oils, etc.)

2016-2017

2014-2020

2015-2019

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

2. DETAILED MEASURES FROM THE PROGRAMME FOR

SELECTIVE COLLECTION AND SEPARATION

Biowaste, paper and cardboard, glass, wood, metals, packaging, WEEE, used batteries and oil

Time frame

S-A1-1

Use the Provincial Council waste plans to promote the selective collection and separation of biowaste on a universal basis. This shall apply to biowaste generated domestically, biowaste produced by the catering industry and by other large producers whose biowaste is similar to that generated domestically (fishmongers, butchers….).

2014-2016

S-A1-2

Promote a joint project on the strategy for collecting and quantifying these waste streams under the framework of the new Municipal Waste Directives.

2014-2016

S-A1-3

ork with the Provincial Councils and companies that prepare waste for reuse, as well as W encouraging the involvement of the distribution sector, in order to increase the amount of WEEE in good condition collected within the 3 Basque Provinces, so that this equipment can then be repaired and sold as second hand goods (specially designated areas and guidelines for storage in Garbigunes…).

2015-2016

S-A1-4

ncourage distribution to get involved in the selective collection and separation of WEEE E and traceability.

2016-2019

S-A1-5

Support the widespread implementation of technologies related to the traceability of WEEE.

2015-2019

S-A1-6

Once application has been defined with regards to the Basque Autonomous Community, carry out a study into whether “Pay as you throw” schemes could be applied in the various urban and rural environments found within the Basque Autonomous Community.

2014-2016

S-A1-7 W ork with the agents involved to increase the selective collection and separation of batteries in order to exceed legal targets, making separation more feasible for the public (e.g. by providing citizens with small containers at home) and applying a universal approach to collection, covering all towns and cities. Involve the collection ERP systems for batteries by signing an agreement with them, and support the development of hazardous battery management (NiMH, NiCd and Lithium in the Basque Autonomous Community).

Household hazardous waste, waste from minor works, structural fiber cement, mercury amalgams, phytosanitary and zoosanitary waste from farms Time frame

2015-2016

Time frame

S-A2-1

reate a series of technical regulations within the scope of OCRU that standardise the types C of waste accepted by Garbigunes. These must include structural fiber cement, waste from minor works and other household hazardous waste.

S-A2-2

stablish steps to increase public awareness and promote the proper collection of E thermometers and other products containing mercury.

S-A2-3

I mprove knowledge among the priority sectors (e.g. healthcare, public and private clinics) as to the sources and management of mercury. Define and implement a partnership framework between the Competent Authorities for health and the environment and the Official Associations of Dentists in the three Basque provinces in order to ensure a gradual reduction in mercury emissions from dentistry practices (e.g. encouraging the use of filtration techniques).

2015-2019

S-A2-4

Work with the relevant Departments to organise a strategy for the collecting and subsequently managing agrochemical waste (pesticides, phytosanitary and zoosanitary waste, etc.) and residues of drugs from farms.

2016-2019

2014-2020

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

Industrial mixed waste and CDW

Time frame

S-A3-1

Promote the selective collection and separation of indutstrial waste and minimise the management of waste such as industrial mixes (applies to all types of companies).

2015-2017

S-A3-2

nalyse the strategy for selectively collecting and separating industrial mixes on A industrial estates.

2016-2019

S-A3-3

Promote the separation of black slag, white slag and refractory waste to make it easier for each type of waste to be recovered at a later stage.

2015-2017

S-A3-4

I nclude the control of industrial mixes and source separation of construction and demolition waste, both for producers and landfill sites, as a matter of priority in the Inspection Plan for 3 years.

2015-2017

3. DETAILED MEASURES FROM THE PROGRAMME

FOR PREPARATION FOR REUSE, RECYCLING AND RECOVERY Biowaste resulting from domestic waste

Time frame

R-A1-1

ork with the Provincial Councils on a study into existing and future facilities in order W to reach sufficient capacity for treating selectively collected biowaste as efficiently as possible (overview of the infrastructures in the Basque Autonomous Community), and adapt collection to the related infrastructure in each case.

2014-2016

R-A1-2

Adapt the decaloge on the use of materials create by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment to the requirements of the Basque Autonomous Community.

2015-2016

R-A1-3 E ncourage research into other ways of recycling this waste stream for new uses (animal feed, cosmetics, proteins for foodâ&#x20AC;Ś).

2016-2019

2015-2017

R-A1-4

ork alongside the relevant Department of Agriculture to study the possibility of using W compost as fertiliser, both inside and outside the Basque Autonomous Community.

R-A1-5

romote the use of products originating from biowaste as organo-mineral fertilisers, P in accordance with the Royal Decree on fertiliser products and the amendment to the Regulation on fertilisers.

R-A1-6

ublish the Guide to Managing Organic By-Products in the Basque Autonomous P Community.

R-A1-7

onitoring the actions by the Provincial Council to ensure 100% of the biowaste is M treated, both the selectively collected and the mass collected waste.

2015-2019

R-A1-8

Create and approve the Municipal Waste Directives that are linked to this Plan.

2014-2015

2015-2017

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW)

Time frame

R-A2-1

Approve the technical order on recycled aggregates resulting from CDW.

2014-2016

R-A2-2

Consult with companies to ensure compliance with technical regulations regarding the use of materials that result from CDW.

2014-2016

R-A2-3

Continue to research and work on the technical standardisation of new uses.

R-A2-4

Develop Green Public Procurement tools to promote agreements with the Departments for Housing and Transport, large construction companies, architects and Town Councils. Amend regulations to make the use of recycled aggregate for public works compulsory, specifying a maximum % in line with the various uses detailed in the Basque Governmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s technical order on the use of recycled aggregates.

R-A2-5

upport Councils in developing by-laws that regulate the prevention, production and S management of CDW and sustainable construction.

2014-2016

R-A2-6

Include the proper management of CDW as a matter of priority within the Inspection Plan for 3 consecutive years.

2014-2016

R-A2-7

Use Integrated Environmental Authorisations for landfills to limit the acceptance of CDW which could be recovered at facilities within the Basque Autonomous Community.

R-A2-8

Update the map of CDW infrastructure and production.

R-A2-9

Periodically analyse the CDW Final Management Reports in order to progressively improve the ratio of generation.

2014-2016

R-A2-10

Carry out control campaigns to ensure that surplus material from excavation is managed correctly.

2014-2019

R-A2-11

Make the infrastructure for managing CDW from minor works more readily available, encouraging the standardisation of acceptance criteria.

R-A2-12

Professionalise the EEH Aurrezten tool in order to make use more widespread among all the agents involved.

R-A2-13

Analyse the viability of setting up one or more CDW treatment plants in Gipuzkoa and in a particular area of Araba.

2014-2016 2014-2020

2015-2017

2015

2014-2016

2014-2019

2015

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

Escorias de acerĂa

Time frame

R-A4-1

Encourage improvements in the steel manufacturing process in order to promote waste prevention and the correct maturation of slags, thereby producing higher quality iron and steel aggregates in the future.

R-A4-2

Review Decree 34/2003 on slags to enable additional uses that are consistent with the pre-normative research carried out on other forms of waste in the last decade.

R-A4-3

Work alongside the sector to analyse the current possible uses of slags and promote the creation of other regulations, if necessary.

2014-2015

R-A4-4

Support the sector in finding and implementing the pre-treatments that are required so that this waste can be recovered later, using the Basque List of Clean Technologies and domestic or foreign funding to do so.

2014-2019

Sludge from pulp and paper mills (deinking sludge, sewage sludge, dregs from causticizing and lime sludge)

2015-2016

2014

Time frame

R-A5-1

Select and implement stable management methods (evaluate the feasible methods and support those which are most viable, thereby helping the sector to support the necessary infrastructure in the short term).

2014-2016

R-A5-2

Give preferential authorisation to waste management companies that identify usage procedures which are better from the perspective of the waste management hierarchy, carrying out technical standardisation if necessary.

2014-2019

R-A5-3

Promote the reuse of organic and inorganic fractions throughout the process when these have come from sludge from deinking and the on-site treatment of effluent5.

2014-2016

R-A5-4

Sign a Voluntary Agreement that pledges to support the sector by working on specific recovery solutions (preferably by sector) and facilities where this recovery can take place, backing the search for solutions via studies, domestic or foreign funding and the Basque List of Clean Technologies, as applicable.

R-A5-5

Supporting R&D&I and demonstration projects to search for other recovery options if necessary.

2014-2015

2014-2016

5 A demonstration project has proven that deinking sludge can be separated into organic and inorganic waste, which means that both have the potential for reuse in the process when taken separately.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

Foundry sand (sand and fines from green moulding and sand and fines from chemical moulding)

Time frame

R-A6-1

Ensure that recovered sand treatments result in quality sand being produced and make foundries aware of the properties of this recovered sand, encouraging them to make full use of the infrastructure in place for recovering sand instead of resorting to disposal.

2015-2016

R-A6-2

Analyse solutions and actual capacity for recovery.

2014-2015

R-A6-3

Promote agreements with cement manufacturers whereby they recover at least part of the foundry sand and fines, provided that the alternative means of recovery and recycling does not have the capacity to treat the recoverable sand in its entirety6.

2014-2019

R-A6-4

2014-2019

Sludge from urban WWTPs

Time frame

R-A7-1

Promote compliance with the Decree concerning WWTP sludge by collaborating with the Department for Agriculture to ensure that WWTP sludge is used correctly in agriculture (training for farmers, guides, guidelinesâ&#x20AC;Ś).

2015-2019

R-A7-2

Analyse the real capacity for recovery and study possible alternatives if there is no capacity for all the recoverable waste generated.

2016-2019

R-A7-3

Support the recovery sector through means which have the biggest market and capacity for recovery, making use of the Basque List of Clean Technologies, domestic or foreign funding or green procurement.

2016-2019

R-A7-4

Support the sector which is producing the waste so that it can carry out the necessary pre-treatments, via either the Basque List of Clean Technologies or domestic or foreign funding.

2016-2019

R-A7-5

Produce technical regulations if it becomes apparent that through other actions that they are required.

2016-2019

R-A7-6

Demonstration projects to find ways to recover WWTP sludge.

R-A8-1

2014-2016

Waste from the dismantling of disused ships

Time frame

Establish and publish guidelines for the dismantling of ships in collaboration with the industry in order to reach maximum levels of recycling and recovery, and authorise facilities based on those guidelines.

2016-2019

6 In order to do this, a list of waste streams that the Basque Government considers a priority must be created so that these can be recovered by the cement manufacturers (foundry sand shall be one of these priority waste streams). This could be via voluntary agreements with cement manufacturers or various meetings.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

Waste that can be self-managed

Time frame

R-A9-1

Analyse waste that can be self-managed.

2014-2016

R-A9-2

Promote the self-management of waste.

2016-2020

R-A9-3

Support the authorisation of operations involved in self-management as a matter of priority.

2016-2020

Excavated soil (altered and non-altered)

Time frame

R-A10-1

Develop guidelines for recycling on other sites, as well as for determining the end-of-life of excavated soil and promoting the reuse of excavated soil, both on the source site and at other locations. Identify possible sites for reuse (regenerating quarries, for example).

2014-2016

R-A10-2

Optimise authorisation for landfill sites/dumps used for inert waste.

R-A10-3

Resume the study into the viability of infrastructures for the recovery of altered/ contaminated soil (transfer centres for altered land and contaminated soil, as well as soil banks).

2014-2020

Cross-cutting measures related to waste recycling and recovery

Time frame

2014-2016

R-A11-1

Analyse options for recovering laminate waste, machining sludge, refractory waste, light fractions from the dismantling of ELVs, WEEE, non-ferrous slags, hazardous packaging, bio-stabilised waste, among othersâ&#x20AC;Ś. (demonstration projects).

2014-2016

R-A11-2

Produce a report which prioritises types of waste that can be managed by cement manufacturing companies.

2016-2019

R-A11-3

Analyse the possibility of updating the methodology of the Basque List of Clean Technologies and how it supports the objectives related to preparation for reuse, recycling and recovery promoted by this Plan (not just in terms of recycling and recovery, but including all the Programmes).

2014-2019

R-A11-4

Strengthen the review of Acknowledgements of Consent for hazardous waste, so that the producer is required to use recovery treatments whenever the nature of that waste allows, and provide information on the alternative forms of treatment that exist in the Basque Autonomous Community.

2016-2019

R-A11-5

Strengthen control over the degree of compliance with regards to the requirement to use recovery treatments whenever the nature of the waste allows, in accordance with the requirement detailed in the Acknowledgements of Consent.

2015-2016

R-A11-6

Promote agreements with the main pickling acid manufacturers to encourage recycling at facilities within the Basque Autonomous Community.

2015-2016

R-A11-7

Sign an agreement with the collective ERP systems for industrial oils in order to continue promoting reuse, recovery and regeneration.

2015-2016

R-A11-8

Encourage energy recovery from waste with a high LCV.

2016

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

4. Encourage energy recovery from waste with

a high LCV

Recoverable waste streams (WEEE, paper-cardboard, glass, metals, CDW, slags, foundry sand, paper mill sludge, urban WWTP sludge, biowaste, packaging)

Time frame

E-A1-1

se the Integrated Environmental Authorisations for producers and landfills to enable only U those waste streams which are proven to be unrecoverable to be sent to landfill.

2014-2019

E-A1-2

xpand upon the regulatory list of waste that cannot be sent to landfill contained in E Decree 49/2009, which regulates waste disposal via landfill and the execution of fill, so that it includes more types of waste other than those currently recoverable in the Basque Autonomous Community.

2014-2016

E-A1-3

arry out a study into applying a canon for landfill in the Autonomous Basque Community C and support its implementation to compare the costs of landfill and recycling if this is deemed necessary. This study shall consider benchmarking with other Autonomous Communities, and its conclusions shall be used for adopting a stance before the Environmental Coordination Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment.

2016-2016

E-A1-4

raw up a full list of guidelines which specify instances in which authorisation may be D denied to waste disposal infrastructures in cases where full capacity has been exceeded in the Basque Autonomous Community.

2014-2016

E-A1-5

romote a study which analyses the value and feasibility of landfill mining for sites which P are for the disposal of a single material or contain material that is relatively homogeneous.

2017-2018

E-A1-6

I nclude the proper management of slags, foundry sands, pulp-paper mill sludge, WWTP sludge, CDW, excavated soil and WEEE and other recoverable waste streams as a matter of priority within the Inspection Plan for 3 consecutive years.

2014-2019

Hazardous waste sent away for disposal and waste treated outside the Basque Autonomous Community (machining sludge, pickling acid, oily waste, etc.)

Time frame

E-A2-1

nalyse and implement, if applicable, economic tools that internalise the total costs and A favour management in accordance with the established hierarchy, taking place at the nearest facilities.

2014-2016

E-A2-2

inimise the hazardousness of waste and reduce the amount of waste sent for treatment M the Basque Autonomous Community.

2015-2018

E-A2-3

upport the treatment of certain types of hazardous waste within the Basque Autonomous S Community in cases where the necessary infrastructure is in place (such as for sludge, oily water, etc.), informing producers of the options they have available and establishing agreements with the waste management companies involved.

2015-2016

E-A2-4

elp the industries producing this waste to find and implement the pre-treatments required H in order to subsequently recover waste from the sector, using the Basque List of Clean Technologies and both domestic and foreign funding to do so.

2015-2019

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

5. DETAILED MEASURES FROM THE PROGRAMME FOR EXEMPLARY

BEHAVIOUR OF AUTHORITIES AND GOOD GOVERNANCE Improving information

Time frame

B-A1-1

Create inventories for hazardous waste, non-hazardous waste and municipal waste within 6 months of the year ending, and improve their quality.

2014-2020

B-A1-2

Work with the Provincial Councils to improve quantification within the scope of the municipal waste inventory and, in particular, set up a methodology for calculating the CDW that originates from minor works7.

2014-2019

B-A1-3

gree on criteria for quantifying waste with other Autonomous Communities and the A Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment.

B-A1-4

upport e-administration in order to streamline procedures and communication, in S coordination with the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment.

2014-2020

B-A1-5

ncourage the creation of criteria for classification by type, particularly for types of E WEEE, so as to facilitate administrative procedures.

2014-2015

B-A1-6

romote the creation of a flow system which guarantees the traceability of WEEE P and other waste (with special emphasis on waste sent away from the Basque Autonomous Community and traceability throughout the management chain).

2015-2017

B-A1-7

arry out a study and subsequently produce an interpretation guide on waste C streams where the assigned EWC (European Waste Catalogue) code presents problems, as well as the management operations that are finally applied.

2015-2019

B-A1-8

stablish an information system with all the key elements relating to waste, and E analyse any possible improvements concerning the way in which information is used by the agents involved and information is automatically updated.

2017-2019

B-A1-9

Periodically revise the disposal permits granted to landfill sites and producers.

B-A1-10

nhance information in order to have real data on waste management capacity E and competition between forms of waste using the same management methods, including a prioritised list of waste for the cement manufacturer.

B-A1-11

pdate the lists of authorised waste management and landfill sites on the web within U a month of authorisation being granted.

B-A1-12

Monitor the Waste Plan.

Eurostat published a new document in November 2012: Guidance on municipal waste data collection.

2015-2019

2016 Y 2019

2014-2016

2016-2020 2014-2020

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF WASTE IN THE BASQUE AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY 2020 ANNEX OF DETAILED MEASURES

Improving, simplifying and streamlining procedures

Time frame

B-A2-1 A nalyse the possibility of simplifying procedures in accordance with current legislation concerning waste and simplify those procedures and instructions which can be improved.

2014-2020

B-A2-2 Reduce redundant waste procedures by 100% before 2020.

2014-2020

B-A2-3 S upport the creation of technical criteria regarding the treatment of different categories of waste and WEEE in particular.

2015-2019

Transboundary shipment of waste

Time frame

B-A3-1 D etect priority waste streams with regards to the transboundary shipment of waste, and implement training, communication and subsequent inspection campaigns which concern the economic agents involved.

2014-2015

B-A3-2 C ontinue to collaborate with the Ministry of Finance and Public Administration (Tax Agency) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment in order to control the movement of waste within our territory and to correctly implement the Inspection Plan with regards to such movements.

2014-2020

nalyse the possibility of using electronic formats for documentation related to B-A3-3 A transboundary shipments.

2014-2019

Green market growth B-A4-1 M onitor and analyse those sectors which are economically affected by the Plan and develop tools which help to alleviate or encourage this impact, as appropriate.

Time frame 2014-2020

B-A4-2 A nalyse the possibility of making amendments to tax so that a levy is applied to the generation of waste (any type of waste), thereby replacing the tax charges that are in place. This would constitute a partial green tax reform, with zero tax cost for companies and the public, and triple return (environmentally, socially and economically).

2015

B-A4-3 I dentify market opportunities that are open under the framework of this Plan, and then promote these in the second Action Plan.

2016

B-A4-4 C arry out an analysis into the efficient use of public resources - analyse the economic impact generated by the plan and the increased market share held by Basque companies through the initiatives related to the Plan. B-A4-5 C ollaborate annually with CONFEBASK to consider economic development alongside the progress of waste generation and management for the 5 economic activities which have the greatest impact within the Plan: the construction, steel, pulp and paper, foundry and waste management industries.

2020

2014-2020