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In synthetic cell research scientists seek to understand how cells, and more broadly life, work by trying to replicate the cell molecular mechanisms. Thanks to ERC funding and national initiatives, European scientists are world leaders in this field. Building synthetic cells also promises revolutionary new technologies that will boost the green economy and strengthen Europe’s sovereignty in Deep Tech. Technological applications will cover areas such as producing sustainable chemicals, making materials that are 100% reusable or capable of self-repair, and harnessing CO2 as plants do. Research is progressing rapidly worldwide; the United States and China, in particular, are investing heavily in this field. If Europe were to rely on synthetic biology technologies from beyond its borders, this could lead to both potential dependence and economic loss. European scientists working on synthetic cells need to join forces to upscale research, in collaboration with companies, in one coordinated European Innovation Ecosystem and boost technology development in Europe. Financial support from the European Commission is essential to realize this ecosystem, and to ensure Europe’s leadership in world-class, socially responsible and environmentally sustainable technologies.