B2B Nutramedic&Cosmetic No. 8 by InPharma

Nutramedic B2B &Cosmetics No.8 / JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2024

The Landscape of Weight Management / Food Supplements and Liver Health / Prebiotics for the Mind and Psyche / The effect of Black Seed Oil on Acne / New Cosmetic Regulation / Wild Carrot

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Editor's word Welcome to the eighth edition of our digital magazine. In this issue, we bring you insightful articles covering a diverse range of topics. "Prebiotics for the Mind and Psyche: Building the Foundations of the GutBrain Axis" explores the fascinating connection between gut health and mental well-being, shedding light on the impact of prebiotics on our cognitive functions. Our feature on "Navigating the Landscape of Weight Management" offers valuable insights into the role of supplements in addressing obesity, and the significance of liver health in the food supplement market is discussed in "The Growing Significance of Liver Health in the Food Supplement Market," revealing the emerging trends. Discover the superiority of standardized black seed oil uncovering its impact on acne mechanisms. We also highlight the recent regulatory changes in the cosmetics industry with Regulation (EU) 2023/1490 Expands the List of Banned Cosmetic Ingredients. Finally, we are excited to announce the launch of our new website portal, https://nmc-magazine.com/ offering a user- friendly interface and access to a wealth of industry-related content and resources. We hope you find this issue both informative and engaging as we continue to explore the dynamic and innovative world of food supplements and cosmetics. Happy reading! Best regards,

Daria Šurić, MPharm EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

B2B Nutramedic&Cosmetics Magazine

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Contents 4

Prebiotics for the Mind and Psyche

New Study: Prebiotic Fibre Affects Gut Microbiome and Mental Health

Navigating the Landscape of Weight Management

Is There a More Sustainable Approach to Weight Loss than Injectable Drugs?

VivoSens® - the Ultimate Analysis for Omega-3 Sensory Performance

A New Study: Levagen®+ May Ease Seasonal Allergies

The Growing Significance of Liver Health in the Food Supplement Market

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Black Seed Oil Role in Acne Mechanisms and Occurrence

Empowering Women to Shine through Menopause

B2B Events Calendar

New Regulation (EU) 2023/1490 on Cosmetic Ingredients

NutraFood Poland

ACG Joins WEF’s Global Lighthouse Network

ACG Engineering Launches the SMARTCOATER X•ONE Series Top Award for Sustainable Business Performance

BASF and 3Helix Inc. Innovation Partnership

ECOHANCE® Soft Baobab Oil for Natural Cosmetic Formulations

Oleon Reflects on Mintel’s Top Beauty and Personal Care Trends

INSPIRATIONAL SUCCESS STORY: Ana Lilly Skincare

MEDICINAL PLANTS PHOTO HERBARIUM: Wild Carrot

Green Technology for Vidya Europe

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Prebiotics for the Mind and Psyche - Building the Foundations of the Gut-Brain Axis It seems that probiotics are the "big brother" of prebiotics, and therefore, they have captured all the attention of the scientific and professional community. But are prebiotics really three times less important?

N AUTHOR:

Andrija Karačić, M.D., specializing in abdominal surgery and the founder of the Gut Microbiome Center in Zagreb

o, prebiotics are not probiotics. Although their names differ by only one vowel, pro- and prebiotics are quite different. Probiotics are microorganisms that are definitely the stars of the story about the gut microbiome. When we search the PubMed database of scientific papers, under the term "probiotics," it will offer us as many as 45,427 publications. For comparison, if we do this for the term "prebiotics," it offers us only 14,764 publications - three times less. Probiotics seem to be the big brother of prebiotics, who has picked up all the attention of the scientific and professional community. But are prebiotics really three times less important?" Prebiotics, in layman's terms, are 'food for good bacteria.' This applies to both the probiotics we ingest from the outside and the bacteria deeply embedded in the intestinal biofilm, which we've disco- vered through genome sequencing over the last decade. The key aspect of prebiotics is that they are indigestible and reach the intestinal microbiome untouched by our digestive juices. However, their most

important feature is their selective use by only certain members of the same intestinal microbiome. While numerous chemical substances reach our intestinal microbiome, prebiotics are utilized by those bacteria that will promote our organism's well-being for their growth and development. Traditionally, these have been bacteria from the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which is why prebiotics are also called bifidogenic. Anaerobic fermentation of prebiotics leads not only to the growth of 'good' bacteria but also to the production of metabolites that, through their action on the intestinal barrier, immunity, metabolism, and nervous system, result in numerous positive health effects when prebiotics are consumed. This means that prebiotics not only alter the composition but also the metabolism or functionality of the intestinal microbiome. For many years, fibres were primarily considered as prebiotics, a heterogeneous group of plant-derived carbohydrate polymers. However, due to advancements in gut microbiome research, the range of prebiotics is expanding day by day. It has been es-

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tablished that unsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols also possess prebiotic potential. It's expected that with new insights into bacterial metabolism, there will be discoveries of new groups of chemical substances with prebiotic properties, such as peptides and proteins. Although not as popular as probiotics, prebiotics indeed represent an intriguing scientific field. This is evidenced by the fact that a review article from 2016 included prebiotics in the so-called psychobiotics. But what exactly are psychobiotics? The term 'psychobiotics' was coined by Professor John Cryan and Ted Dinan, scientists from the University of Cork in Ireland, a leading global institution in gut-brain axis research. Observing a significant body of research pointing to the psychotropic effects of probiotics, psychobiotics were defined as microorganisms with positive impacts on mental health. Today, prebiotics are also considered psychobiotics because, due to their influence on the composition and functionality of the gut microbiome, they alter the functioning of the gut-brain axis, yielding beneficial effects on the mind and psyche. How do prebiotics alter the gut-brain axis? The gut-brain axis refers to a theoretical model that encompasses all forms of interaction between the gut and the brain. The key mediator in this interaction is the gut microbiome, primarily due to its immense metabolic potential in producing metabolites with immunomodulatory, neuroactive, and metabolic effects. The presence and activity of gut bacteria can indirectly influence, among other things, mood, cognition, and memory. Studies even suggest that human behaviour is significantly influenced by the gut microbiome. The fact that we don't understand how the brain functions without the influence of the gut microbiome speaks volumes about the impact of the gut-brain interaction on brain function. To better comprehend the action of prebiotics on the gut-brain axis, it's important to understand what

the gut microbiome requires for this axis to function properly. The most crucial factor is balance, specifically a balance between major taxonomic groups (phyla, genera) and anti-inflammatory and potentially pathogenic bacteria that stimulate an inflammatory response. While we are not able to precisely define a healthy gut microbiome, numerous studies conclude that it primarily needs to be balanced. A balanced gut microbiome functions as an ecosystem aiding in digestion and defending against invasive pathogenic microorganisms. Diversity is the foundation of balance. The greater the number of diverse taxonomic and functional groups, the more robust and stable the ecosystem becomes. Although we often categorize bacteria as 'good' or 'bad,' all bacteria play a role in the microbial ecosystem when their numbers are in balance with others. Each additional bacterial gene present in the gut microbiome contributes to its overall genetic potential, subsequently reflecting its metabolic potential. Thus, a balanced and diverse composition of the gut microbiome is closely linked to its functionality. Dysbiosis refers to the imbalance within the gut microbiome, whether in taxonomic or functional groups. Although dysbiosis as a condition is not precisely defined, the mechanism by which it leads to health issues and disrupts the gut-brain axis is known. For instance, if certain microorganisms dominate, it can lead to excessive breakdown of the mucous layer of the intestinal lining. The loss of the protective function of the gut barrier opens pathways for toxins and even bacteria to enter the systemic circulation and eventually reach the central nervous system. This condition, popularly known as 'leaky gut,' is associated with the development of a pro-inflammatory response in the body at a systemic level. This occurs due to an exaggerated activation of the immune system aimed at eliminating toxins and pathogenic microorganisms. This pro-inflammatory response, within the central nervous system,

Nutramedic &Cosmetics is linked to the development of depression and anxi ety.

Where do prebiotics fit into this narrative?

Alongside a diverse diet, prebiotics significantly contribute to the diversity of the gut microbiome. Logically, due to their chemical properties, our bodi es do not metabolize them; instead, probiotics and their 'hungry brethren' in the intestines eagerly receive them intact. By consuming prebiotics, we are literally and figuratively feeding the members of the gut microbiome that depend on them, thereby creating conditions for their growth and development. Long-term intake of prebiotics will ensure diversity within the gut microbiome, even in suboptimal conditions such as a lack of diverse diet, travel, inadequate sleep, or antibiotic intake. However, it's crucial to consider the intake of prebiotics carefully. Prolonged consumption of specific types of prebiotics can lead to the selection of bacteria that can best utilize them, potentially impacting diversity negatively. Hence, within the context of a healthy diet for the gut microbiome, there's increasing mention of the paradigm of consuming 20 to 30 different types of plant-based foods (vegetables, fruits, legumes) weekly. Each plant-based food carries its unique combination of prebiotic compounds, fibers, and polyphenols. Consuming these supports the growth of specific groups of bacteria. It's through the diverse intake of prebiotics that substrates are provided for all members of the gut microbiome, ensuring their balanced growth. If the number of 20 to 30 plant species per week seems overwhelming, it's essential to note the phenomenon within the gut microbiome called 'cross-feeding.' When the gut microbiome composition is ideal, consuming a specific prebiotic will stimulate the growth of certain bacteria that, through their metabolites, will nourish other members of the gut microbiome. This phenomenon has been observed with traditional bifidogenic substances, prebiotics from the oligosaccharide group, which promote the growth of bacteria from the Bifidobacterium genus. These bacteria produce lactate, lactic acid, which serves as a substrate for the growth of anaerobic bacteria (e.g., from the Roseburia and Eubacterium genera) that produce butyrate. In this way, the intake of one type of prebiotic can provide conditions for the growth of a wide variety of bacteria, provided that there are bacteria present to facili tate 'cross-feeding' through their metabolites. Through positive changes in the composition of the gut microbiome, in terms of balance and diversity, the intake of prebiotics will lead to improvements in the functionality of the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome will produce adequate amounts of metabolites necessary for the functioning of the gutbrain axis. It's no wonder, therefore, that prebiotics such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS), proven bifidogenic agents in amounts of 5 grams per day, can alleviate the clinical presentation of depression and anxiety. Concerning the gut-brain axis, prebiotics can enhance resilience to stress and even promote sociability. Clinical confir-

mation has shown that a blend of prebiotics is more effective than the intake of a single type of prebiotic. One such prebiotic preparation, which contains both fructo- and galactooligosaccharides, is OMNi- LOGiC® PLUS. Its composition stimulates the proli feration of the Akkermansia muciniphila bacterium, involved in gut barrier restoration, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, capable of producing butyrate, providing primary energy to the intestinal lining. Strengthening the connections between intestinal lining cells ensures the separation of beneficial nutrients from harmful ones. The fascination with prebiotics stems from the fact that their intake promotes the growth of existing species. Unlike probiotics, where we introduce new species that, if they don't colonize our gut microbiome, only have transient effects on it, the intake of prebiotics lays the foundation for a healthy gut microbiome. If it isn't balanced, a cascade of changes occurs in the body — from the gut barrier to the immune system — subsequently leading to disturbances in the gut-brain axis, with negative consequences for our mental and emotional well-being. Before suddenly and unexpectedly introducing large quantities of various prebiotics, it's important to note that this will lead to short-term digestive issues. This is completely understandable; if the gut microbiome isn't accustomed to certain amounts of prebiotics, uncontrolled fermentation and gas production occur, generating methane and hydrogen. This happens, for instance, when there's an excess of beans or other vetch. However, if prebiotics are introduced gradually, 'cross-feeding' will develop, and bacteria will emerge that, through their metabolism, reduce gas production. Bloating from legumes doesn't mean they are the problem; rather, it's due to the infrequent exposure of the gut microbiome to them. That's why prebiotics form the cornerstone of a healthy gut microbiome, and while transient bloating may be socially uncomfortable, in the long run, it leads to improved sociability. Our microbial tenants need sustenance for life just as much as we do. Although they can benefit from 'cross-feeding,' unlike us, they also have their preferences and needs when it comes to food. But they don't require much—just a few grams to fulfill their psychobiotic potential. Prebiotics truly are important! Adapted from: https://www.psychologytoday.com/ us/blog/mood-microbe/202112/prebiotics-can-improve-brain-function-balancing-gut-microbes

Centar Mikrobiom d.o.o. Sky Office, Toranj B R. F. Mihanovića 9, Zagreb, Croatia Mob.: + 385 98 13 73 344 Tel.: + 385 1 78 99 694 https://www.ccm.hr/

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New Study: Prebiotic Fiber Affects Gut Microbiome and Mental Health Inulin-type fructans and 2'fucosyllactose alter both microbial composition and appear to alleviate stress-induced mood state in a working population compared to placebo (maltodextrin): the EFFICAD Trial, a randomized, controlled trial was just published.

his study aimed to investigate the effects of oligofructose and 2'fucosyllactose, alone and combined, compared to maltodextrin (as a control), on both microbial composition and mood state in a working population. Ninety-two healthy adults with mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression levels participated in a 5-week trial. The participants were divided into four groups: oligofructose alone, maltodextrin alone, a combination of oligofructose and 2'fucosyllactose, and 2'fucosyllactose alone. Depression status was determined using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and anxiety status was determined using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) The objective of this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, was to investigate the effects of OF and 2’FL, alone and in combination, on microbial load and composition as a primary outcome. As secondary outcomes, it investigated whether OF and 2’FL could improve scores of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State Trait Anxiety Inventory Y1 and Y2 (STAI Y1 and Y2), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule – Short Form (PANAS-SF), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Saliva and urine samples were collected to assess changes in cortisol awakening response (CAR) and urinary metabolites in adults with mild-to-moderate levels of anxiety and depression. The primary outcomes measured changes in microbial load and composition, assessed through fluorescence in situ hybridization-flow cytometry and 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Secondary outco mes included gastrointestinal sensations, bowel ha bits, and mood state parameters. The results showed significant increases in speci fic beneficial bacterial taxa such as Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in both the oligofructose and oligofructose/ 2'fucosyllactose groups. However, responses to 2'fucosyllactose were varied among individuals. Furthermore, significant improvements in various mood state parameters were observed across the oligofructose, 2'fucosyllactose, and oligofructose/ 2'fucosyllactose groups, including reduced depression and anxiety levels and positive changes in cortisol awakening response.

Importantly, both oligofructose alone and the combination of oligofructose/2'fucosyllactose show ed better improvements in mood state parameters compared to both 2'fucosyllactose alone and maltodextrin. In conclusion, the study suggests that oligofructose and the combination of oligofructose/2'fucosyllactose can positively influence microbial composition and improve mood state parameters. However, further research is needed to understand the variations in individual responses to 2'fucosyllactose supplementation. Future studies are needed to identify individual microbial responses to 2’FL supplementation. Adapted from: Jackson PP, Wijeyesekera A, Williams CM, Theis S, van Harsselaar J, Rastall RA. Inulin-type fructans and 2'fucosyllactose alter both microbial composition and appear to alleviate stress-induced mood state in a working population compared to placebo (maltodextrin): the EFFICAD Trial, a randomized, controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023;118(5):938-955. doi:10.1016/j. ajcnut.2023.08.016

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Navigating the Landscape of Weight Management: Insights into Supplements' Impact on Obesity In the ongoing battle against rising rates of obesity and overweight conditions globally, the quest for effective weight management strategies has intensified. While dietary supplements emerge as potential aids, their impact on body weight remains complex and multifaceted. These supplements claim various mechanisms, from enhancing metabolism to curbing appetite. The evolving landscape of weight management navigates a delicate balance between supplement innovation and the enduring importance of holistic lifestyle changes. AUTHOR:

Valerija Pandža, MPharm

verweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a health risk. A body mass index (BMI) over 25 is considered overweight, and over 30 is obese. The issue has grown to epidemic proportions, with over 4 million people dying each year as a result of being overweight or obese in 2017 according to the global burden of disease. Rates of overweight and obesity continue to grow

in adults and children. From 1975 to 2016, the prevalence of overweight or obese children and adolescents aged 5–19 years increased more than fourfold from 4% to 18% globally. Obesity is one side of the double burden of malnutrition, and today more people are obese than underweight in every region except sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Once considered a problem only in high-income countries, overweight and obesity are

Nutramedic &Cosmetics now dramatically on the rise in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings. The vast majority of overweight or obese children live in developing countries, where the rate of increase has been more than 30% higher than that of deve loped countries. The global incidence of chronic diseases is on the rise, with obesity being identified as a key factor and a persistent issue for many years. Despite the availability of various weight management strategies, obesity continues to pose a significant challenge to public health, necessitating the development of innovative dietary and/or pharmacological interventions. Overweight (with a body mass index (BMI) bet ween 25 and 30 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI exceeding 30 kg/m2) are associated with increased mortality due to comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer.

What causes obesity and overweight?

The fundamental cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended. Globally, there has been: an increased intake of energy-dense foods that are high in fat and sugars; and an increase in physical inactivity due to the increasingly sedentary nature of many forms of work, changing modes of transportation and increasing urbanization. Changes in dietary and physical activity patterns are often the result of environmental and societal changes associated with development and lack of supportive policies in sectors such as health, agriculture, transport, urban planning, environment, food processing, distribution, marketing, and education1. More than one-third of the world’s population is overweight or obese, defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in the body. Consequently, there is an ongoing effort among researchers to discover new and effective treatments for these health issues. In recent years, a great number of dietary interventions have been conducted to fight against the obesity epidemic, and diets recommending higher protein intake appear promising in preserving lean mass during weight loss. However, adherence to strict long-term dietary restrictions can be challen ging. Therefore, daily supplements may be useful in addition to lifestyle modifications if there is solid evidence of their safety and efficacy. The role of food supplements in weight loss can be quite varied. Some supplements may help reduce appetite or increase fat burning, while others might make it harder for the body to absorb fat from the foods you eat. However, it’s important to note that most health experts agree that making lifestyle changes—including following a healthy dietary pattern, reducing caloric intake, and engaging in physical activity—is the basis for achieving long-term weight loss. Compliance with conventional weight- management programs is notoriously poor, which indicates a need for safe, effective, and acceptable therapeutic options. In the following text, we will be bringing insights into some interesting ingredients.

TABLE 1 Key facts on obesity

Worldwide obesity has nearly tripled since 1975. In 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults, 18 years and older, were overweight. Of these over 650 million were obese. 39% of adults aged 18 years and over were overweight in 2016, and 13% were obese. Most of the world's population live in countries where overweight and obesity kills more people than underweight. 39 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese in 2020. Over 340 million children and adolescents aged 5-19 were overweight or obese in 2016.

Obesity is preventable. Taken from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) refers to a group of fatty acids similar to linoleic acid, which is characterized by 18 carbon atoms and 2 double bonds se parated by two carbon atoms. These fatty acids are polyunsaturated, and some may be classified as trans fatty acids. CLA has been the subject of research for its potential as a fat-burning and health-enhancing agent, attributed to its interaction with a group of molecular signaling receptors known as PPAR. These receptors play roles in processes such as fat metabolism, steroid signalling, inflammation, and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Despite this, the results from human studies on CLA have been inconsistent and generally not very strong, with some findings even being contradictory. While CLA serves as a valuable research tool for studying fatty acids and the PPAR system, its effectiveness as a dietary supplement for individual health objectives appears to be limited. The following study aimed to systematically review controlled clinical trials examining the effects of CLA on anthropometric indices and body composition in overweight and obese subjects. Based on the current systematic review and meta-analysis, supplementation with CLA can significantly but slightly reduce body weight, BMI and FM and increase LBM in overweight and obese subjects. However, its effects on WC were not statistically significant. In conclusion, supplementation with CLA can slightly reduce body weight, BMI and FM and increase LBM in overweight and obese subjects2. Another study followed the effects of 13 weeks of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation in overweight subjects after weight loss on weight regain, body composition, resting metabolic rate, substrate oxidation, and blood plasma parameters. This study had a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized design. Subjects were first submitted to a very low-calorie diet (VLCD 2.1 MJ/d) for 3 weeks after which they started with the 13-week intervention period. They either received 1.8 g CLA or placebo per day (low dosage, LD) or 3.6 g CLA or placebo per day (high dosage, HD). Subjects were total of 26 men

Nutramedic &Cosmetics and 28 women (age 37.8+/-7.7 y; body mass index (BMI) 27.8+/-1.5 kg/m(2)). Measurements were done before VLCD (t=-3), after VLCD but before CLA or placebo intervention (t=0) and after 13-week CLA or placebo intervention (t=13), body weight, body composition (hydro densitometry and deuterium dilution), resting metabolic rate, substrate oxidation, physical activity, and blood plasma parameters (glucose, insulin, triacylglycerol, free fatty acids, glycerol and beta-hydroxy butyrate). In conclusion, the regain of fat-free mass was favourably, dose-independently affected by a 13-week consumption of 1.8 or 3.6 g CLA/day and consequent ly increased the resting metabolic rate. However, it did not result in improved body weight maintenance after weight loss3.

Green coffee extract

Green coffee extract is a concentrated source of dietary chlorogenic acid and is currently being used for fat loss as a supplement. Green coffee extract is a supplement and/or food product that is derived from green coffee beans. Studies using green coffee extract (GCE) tend to be dosed based on their chlorogenic acid content. Doses of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in those studies are in the 120-300 mg range. In a study investigating green coffee bean ext ract's impact on weight loss, a 12-week trial involving overweight individuals showed promising results. Consuming 500 mg/day of a standardized green coffee bean extract containing seven CGA isomers, notably CGA-7, led to significant reductions in body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and fat mass compared to a placebo. It also increased lean mass and improved the lean mass to fat mass ratio. Secondary outcomes like waist and hip measurements, waist-to-hip ratio, and blood lipid levels also showed positive changes in the CGA-7 group. The study confirmed the ext ract's safety through analysis of biochemical, and haematological parameters, and vital signs. However, limitations included the short treatment duration, a smaller sample size from a single study site, and the absence of appetite biomarkers. The study recommends further research to explore the

long-term benefits of green coffee bean supplementation. Overall, the findings suggest that CGAs from green coffee beans possess anti-obesity properties and are safe for use as a functional food and food supplements ingredient4.

Curcumin

Curcumin, the primary active compound in turmeric (Curcuma longa), possesses anti-inflammatory properties and shows promising evidence in relieving various conditions, such as chronic pain and depression. However, its effectiveness is hindered by poor bioavailability when used alone, prompting its combination with black pepper or lipids. Extracting curcumin and curcuminoids from turmeric yields supplements with significantly higher potency than the natural herb. While curcuminoids are prevalent in the curcuma genus, particularly in Curcuma longa, they aren't exclusive to this plant. The curcumin molecule displays a vibrant yellow colour, often utilized as the food colourant E100. Curcumin supplementation may promote weight loss and ameliorate obesity-related complications through its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Inconsistent data are available about the effect of curcumin supplementation on body weight. This sys tematic review and meta-analysis was done to summarize data from available clinical trials on the effect of curcumin supplementation on body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and Waist Circumference (WC). One review found a significant effect of curcumin supplementation on body weight and BMI, but not on WC. However, the effect of curcumin on WC was significant in studies done on overweight subjects, used ≥1000 mg/d curcumin, and ≥8 weeks of duration5. An umbrella review and updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the effect of curcumin supplementation on anthropometric indices. Curcumin supplementation significantly reduces anthropometric indices, and bioavailability-enhanced formulas are preferred. Augmenting curcumin supplement with lifestyle mo dification should be an option for weight reduction6.

FIGURE 1 The molecular structure of capsaicin isolated from chili peppers8

Taken from: Zheng J, Zheng S, Feng Q, Zhang Q, Xiao X. Dietary capsaicin and its anti-obesity potency: from mechanism to clinical implications. Biosci Rep. 2017;37(3):BSR20170286. Published 2017 May 11. doi:10.1042/BSR20170286

Nutramedic &Cosmetics Capsaicin

Capsaicinoids alone or in combination with other weight-management ingredients have been shown to promote energy production, support healthy body composition, decrease anthropometric variables (circumference, body weight, body fat), help induce thermogenesis and be well tolerated and safe for human ingestion. Unprotected capsicum extract is difficult to hand le in formulations and production, as airborne par ticles cause irritation of the eyes, skin, and respiratory system and may lead to cross-contamination during the formulating and manufacturing proces ses. It is important to have encapsulated particles in the extract to protect the stomach lining and skin from a burning sensation and irritation. Animal studies have shown that capsaicin plays a positive role in weight management. However, the results in human research are controversial. Following systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of capsaicin (Figure 1) on weight loss in adults. Epidemiological data revealed that the consumption of foods containing capsaicin was associated with a lower prevalence of obesity. In one double-blind, randomized, placebo-control

l ed trial, it indicated that treatment of overweight or obese subjects with 6 mg/day capsinoid for 12 weeks was associated with abdominal fat loss measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Body weight was decreased as 0.9 and 0.5 kg in the capsinoid and placebo groups respectively. Moreover, none of the patients developed any adverse events7. The potential mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity effects of capsaicin include: (1) increase lipid oxidation and inhibit adipogenesis; (2) activate BAT activity and induce thermogenesis; (3) suppress appetite and increase satiety regulated by neuronal circuits in the hypothalamus; (4) modulate the function of gastrointestinal tract and gut microbiome. The molecular mechanisms of the anti-obesity effects of capsaicin were summarized in Figure 2.

Capsaicin and its role in gastrointestinal tract and gut microbiome

Capsaicin is passively absorbed in the stomach with greater than 80% efficiency and upper portion of the small intestine. Thus, it may activate local TRPV1 channels in gastrointestinal tract to initiate a series of physiological effects. Dietary capsaicin consumption triggered the intestinal mucosal afferent ner ves and increased intestinal blood flow. Acute single

FIGURE 2 Molecular mechanisms of the anti-obesity effects of capsaicin

(A) Capsaicin can inhibit adipogenesis in preadipocyte and adipocyte by up-regulating the expression of PPARγ and UCP-1. Thus, it will stimulate adiponectin secretion and increase body fat accumulation. (B) Capsaicin can activate BAT activity, accompanied by increased expression of UCP-1 and PGC-1α. (C) Capsaicin can suppress appetite, increase satiety, and ameliorate insulin resistance. (D) Capsaicin can modulate its function in gastrointestinal tract and gut microbiome, including stimulation of GLP-1 secretion and increase in population of the gut bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila. STAT-3, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3.

Nutramedic &Cosmetics administration of 640 μmol/l capsaicin into the duodenal lumen in anesthetized rats significantly incre ases superior mesenteric artery blood flow. In addition, it showed that dietary capsaicin ameliorated ab normal glucose homeostasis and increased GLP-1 le vels in the plasma and ileum through the activation of TRPV1-mediated GLP-1 secretion in the intestinal cells and tissues. Recent study demonstrated that anti-obesity effect of capsaicin in mice fed with highfat diet was associated with an increase in population of the gut bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila. Further studies found that capsaicin directly up-re gulated the expression of Muc2 and antimicrobial protein gene Reg3g in the intestine. These data suggested that the anti-obesity effect of capsaicin is associated with a modest modulation of the function in gastrointestinal tract and gut microbiome8. In summary, capsaicin plays a critical role in humans and has multiple benefits for metabolic health, especially for weight loss in obese individuals. It is well-accepted that the potential application of active compounds isolated from herbs are similar to the practice of traditional Chinese medicine, which has a holistic approach that can target to different organs and tissues in the whole body. More import antly, no adverse effects with capsaicin were observed in most studies. Thus, chilli peppers and capsaicin are safely and easily applicable to our daily life. Considering that chilli peppers have been a vital part of culinary cultures worldwide and have a long history of use for flavouring, it is more feasible to be utilized to treat overweight and obesity, compared with medications or other interventions with certain side effects. Dietary chilli pepper supplementation or food additives, with ideal dosage, may be tentative methods for capsaicin to play its protective roles in metabolic health. With the widespread pandemic of overweight and obesity, the development of more strategies for the treatment of obesity is urgent. Therefore, a better understanding of the role and mechanism of dietary capsaicin consumption and metabolic health can provide critical impli-

cations for the early prevention and treatment of obesity8. Capsaicin also has on-hold claims pending for weight management and thermogenesis indication (Table 2).

Effects of probiotics and synbiotics on weight loss in subjects with overweight or obesity

The intestinal microbiota is a potential determining factor in the development of obesity. The objective of this systematic review is to collect and learn, based on the latest available evidence, the effect of the use of probiotics and synbiotics in randomized clinical trials on weight loss in people with overweight and obesity. The intake of probiotics or synbiotics could lead to significant weight reductions, either by maintaining habitual lifestyle habits or in combinati on with energy restriction and/or increased physical activity for an average of 12 weeks. Specific strains belonging to the genus Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were the most used and those that showed the best results in reducing body weight. Both probiotics and synbiotics have the potential to help in weight loss in overweight and obese populations. This systematic review evaluates the effect of pro biotic and synbiotic intake on IM in reducing body weight and/or body fat in apparently healthy people with overweight or obesity in randomized clinical trials. Probiotics and synbiotics were administered mainly through capsules, but also powders and food products, mainly fermented dairy products such as probiotic yoghurts or fermented kinds of milk. Most of the studies using fermented foods for the intake of probiotics contained lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as starter cultures, coming from the genus Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium mainly. On the other hand, we found a great diversity in terms of probiotic species and strains used to treat overweight and/or obesity. Most of the studies reported the probiotic/symbiotic formulations at the

TABLE 2 Health claims which may continue to be used pending a decision by the European Commission

13-1 ID

Wording

Conditions

2039

Enhances thermogenesis. Increases energy expenditure. Enhances loss of calories.

In the various human clinical studies the dosage of capsaicin from red pepper administered at 30 mg/day.

2041

"EFSA Access Database: Stimulates fat oxidation. Burns fat. Helps maintain healthy lipid profile. DGCCRF Excel Database (France): Stimule l'oxydation des graisses. Brûle les graisses. Aide à maintenir un profil lipidique sain."

In the various human clinical studies the dosage of capsaicin from red pepper administered at the dose of 30- mg/day. In the various human clinical studies the dosage of capsicum extract administered at the dose of 135 mg/day. In the various human clinical studies the dosage of capsicum extract administered at the dose of 3.2 mg/day.

2042

"EFSA Access Database: Reduces caloric intake. DGCCRF Excel Database (France): Réduit l'apport calorique."

In the various human clinical studies the dosage of capsicum extract administered at the dose of 2.769-6.75 mg/day. In the various human clinical studies the dosage of capsaicin from red pepper administered at the dose of 2.769-6.75 mg/day.

2039

"EFSA Access Database: Reduces caloric intake. DGCCRF Excel Database (France): Réduit l'apport calorique."

In the various human clinical studies the dosage of capsaicin from red pepper administered at 30 mg/day.

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strain level, either using multi-strains] or, singlestrain in their formulations. When used as a single-strain, all probiotic interventions showed positive effects in decreasing body weight, BMI, waist circumference, body fat mass or fat percentage. These strains belonged to the gene ra Lactobacillus (L. rhamnosus CGMCC1.3724 (LPR) L. gasseri BNR17 , L. gasseri SBT2055, L. sakei CJLS03 and L. plantarum Dad-13), Bifidobacterium (B. lactis Bb-12, B. animalis spp. Lactis 420 (B420), B. animalis CECT8145) and Pediococcus (Pediococcus pentosa ceus LP28). The probiotic amount and duration of the intervention studies varied, from a maximum dose of 5×1010 and the minimum dose of 1×106, and from 4 to 36 weeks, respectively. From the analyzed randomized clinical trials, this systematic review indicates that both probiotics and synbiotics, specifically certain strains of Lactobacillus gasseri, L. rhamnosus, L. plantarum, L. curvatus associated with other Lactobacillus species and/or with species from the Bifidobacterium genus, have the potential to aid in weight and fat mass loss in overweight and obese populations. There is still a need, though, for clinical trials, to state more accurate recommendations in terms of strains, doses and intervention times. It is also suggested to carry out studies in homogeneous populations in terms of sex and age. In addition to this, it would be ideal that future trials would be carried out in the ab sence of weight loss techniques (such as dietary recommendations for weight loss and physical acti vity programs), to evaluate the specific effect of the strain/s9.

Conclusion

Food supplements can impact body weight in various ways. Some supplements claim to aid in weight loss by boosting metabolism, suppressing appetite, or increasing fat burning. However, the effects of supplements on body weight can be influenced by individual factors such as diet, exercise, metabolism, and overall health. The conclusion regarding the impact of food sup-

plements on body weight isn't straightforward. Whi le some supplements might show short-term effects or modest improvements, the long-term efficacy and safety of many weight-related supplements remain uncertain. Additionally, relying solely on supplements for weight management without lifestyle modifications like a balanced diet and regular exercise might not lead to sustainable or significant weight loss.

References: 1

https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity

Namazi N, Irandoost P, Larijani B, Azadbakht L. The effects of supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on anthropometric indices and body composition in overweight and obese subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2019;59(17):2720-2733. doi:10.1080/10408398.2018.1466107

Kamphuis MM, Lejeune MP, Saris WH, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. The effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation after weight loss on body weight regain, body composition, and resting metabolic rate in overweight subjects. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003;27(7):840-847. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802304

Sudeep H, Shyam Prasad K. Supplementation of green coffee bean extract in healthy overweight subjects increases lean mass/ fat mass ratio: A randomized, double-blind clinical study. SAGE Open Medicine. 2021;9. doi:10.1177/20503121211002590

Mousavi SM, Milajerdi A, Varkaneh HK, Gorjipour MM, Esmaillzadeh A. The effects of curcumin supplementation on body weight, body mass index and waist circumference: a systematic review and do se-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020;60(1):171-180. doi:10.1080/10408398.2018.1 517724

Unhapipatpong C, Polruang N, Shantavasinkul PC, Julanon N, Num thavaj P, Thakkinstian A. The effect of curcumin supplementation on weight loss and anthropometric indices: an umbrella review and updated meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2023;117(5):1005-1016. doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.006

Snitker S, Fujishima Y, Shen H, et al. Effects of novel capsinoid treatment on fatness and energy metabolism in humans: possible pharmacogenetic implications. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89(1):45-50. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26561

Zheng J, Zheng S, Feng Q, Zhang Q, Xiao X. Dietary capsaicin and its anti-obesity potency: from mechanism to clinical implications. Biosci Rep. 2017;37(3):BSR20170286. Published 2017 May 11. doi:10.1042/BSR20170286

Álvarez-Arraño V, Martín-Peláez S. Effects of Probiotics and Synbiotics on Weight Loss in Subjects with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2021;13(10):3627. Published 2021 Oct 17. doi:10.3390/nu13103627

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Is There a More Sustainable Approach to Weight Loss than Injectable Drugs?

Ingredient solutions like the multiple-award-winning and patented mineral-enriched prebiotic fibre complex, SlimBiome®, provide an accessible, convenient and effective way for consumers to manage their weight. AUTHOR:

Stephen O’Hara, OptiBiotix Health Plc, CEO

he world is currently gripped by the next big weight loss trend. Celebrities love it and consumers are doing anything to get their hands on it. The viral media sensation around injectable weight loss drugs – semaglutide, liraglutide and tirzepatide – can no longer be ignored by those in the weight management industry. For many consumers, solutions that focus on reducing hunger and food cravings – like injectable drugs – can feel like the ‘silver bullet’ to weight loss they have been waiting for. Yet according to governing bodies like the World Health Organization, these weight loss solutions are not the ‘be all and end all’ to the obesity crisis1. Those in the industry know that consumers are hungry for weight loss solutions that demonstrate results within the first two weeks, but the question is, at what cost?

Why do people feel the need to lose weight – and fast?

The ramifications of celebrity culture and social media are far-reaching. For many consumers, the de sire to lose weight fast comes from a cyclical need to blame and shame themselves for being overweight, obese or simply ‘not healthy enough’. This peer pressure to maintain an outwardly healthy appearance is mentally exhausting and naturally leads to cravings, especially when consuming fewer calories. For example, when stressed, the body sends out signals whereby it increases cortisol levels, making us reach for something sugary to help relax us with a boost of serotonin2. While physical exercise also offers that

same boost of serotonin, the convenience of a su gary snack far outweighs the alternative. Losing weight fast is also part and parcel of celebrity culture. The ‘no carbs before marbs’ and ‘no pizza before Ibiza’ rules have been drummed into every consumer year after year. The last-minute diet befo re Christmas to fit into the party dress and the New Year’s resolution are now staples of the weight loss industry. Yet according to a meta-analysis of 29 weight loss studies, only one in five individuals that are overweight are successful in their long-term weight loss goals3. In fact, more than half of those who lost weight, regained it within two years4. This is largely due to unsustainable weight loss programm es.

Appetite reduction

Weight loss is no longer as simple as calories in versus calories out. Those that have battled the bul ge throughout their lives are seeking instant weight loss satisfaction – and injectable weight loss drugs are offering that easier route to success on a plate. So why wouldn’t they take it? Yet where there’s reward, there’s also plenty of risk. Today, almost half of the US population meet the Food and Drug Administration criteria for taking injectab le weight loss medications5, while in the UK there is a rapidly escalating diabetes crisis in the under 40s age category6 with two thirds of all adults above a healthy weight7. Although France and Italy fare better than both countries, those that are overweight and obese still top the scales at 45% and 46%, respectively8. For those that are taking injectable me dications for weight loss as prescribed by their doctor, up to 68% are reported to stop taking them within a year9. It has been suggested that this is due to unpleasant gastrointestinal side effects. Injectable medications use a glucagon-like peptide (GLP) inhibitor to help reduce hunger and cravings, therefore reducing dependence on willpower alone. While unpleasant side effects have been noted, including a recent investigation by the European Medicines Agency on how they affect mood and mental health10, there is also the possibility that – when taken for extended periods – muscle loss, bo ne loss or rapid weight loss could occur11. As a result, many consumers want a less invasive and user-fri endly approach to weight loss, which offer little to no reported side effects. The good news is that there are alternatives available on the market.

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Nutramedic &Cosmetics More sustainable alternatives

OptiBiotix addresses weight management by developing products that lead to healthy and sustainable weight loss by reducing hunger and cravings, leading to consumers changing how much, how frequently, and what they eat. Ingredient solutions like the multiple-award-winning and patented mineral- enriched prebiotic fibre complex, SlimBiome®, pro vide an accessible, convenient and effective way for consumers to manage their weight. It works in a not-dissimilar way to a GLP. By gently expanding in the stomach to help consumers feel fuller for longer, the functional ingredient helps to manage peaks in blood glucose levels, thus reducing food cravings for sweet and savoury foods. For this reason, SlimBiome helps consumers to help themselves, rather than relying on willpower alone. Not only does it contain natural prebiotic fibres that support the gut microbiome, but the ingredient also features glucomannan, which can claim to contribu te to the reduction of body weight in the context of an energy-restricted diet12. In addition, an essential trace mineral chromium picolinate contributes to the maintenance of normal blood glucose level13 and macronutrient metabolism14. A number of clinical human studies have shown that SlimBiome can reduce hunger and food cravings. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study, carried out by Oxford Brookes University15, showed it reduced hunger by 10%, food cravings by 11%, and reduced the amount of food intake by 49%. A second study by the University of Roehampton16 demonstrated a 21% reduction in food cravings and a 26% improvement in mood. The study also showed that 90% of volunteers lost weight, reduced their body fat, and showed a reduction in hip and waist circumference. It was also noted in both studies that no side effects were recorded.

Sustaining weight loss

Perhaps the biggest issue of all for consumers is not in losing weight, but in sustaining and maintaining what they’ve lost. By working with leading UK scientists and academics, such as the current president of the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) Professor Jason Halford, who is a world expert on obesity, eating behaviour, and appetite control, is a way the industry can develop sustainable solutions to help consumers maintain their weight loss goals. Professor Halford was among those who assisted the OptiBiotix team to develop SlimBiome. Focusing on the mechanism of action, ergo how the ingredients in SlimBiome synergistically combine to deliver results, has been a major differentiator in the weight management market. Solutions like SlimBiome that focus on increasing microbiome diversity to promote better gut health and that assist in appetite regulation are the key to helping consumers understand how to handle their hunger and craving cues. To illustrate this, OptiBiotix is focusing its efforts on creating new and engaging formats with SlimBiome to help consumers help themselves. While some consumers prefer a structured hunger-free meal replacement weight loss plan, others prefer functional foods like healthy desserts such as chocolate bars, mousses or ice creams, and snacks like soups, crisp

puffs or health bars. OptiBiotix wants to empower consumers to make a guilt-free choice to either lose weight or maintain a healthy weight. In this way, solutions like SlimBiome can help keep hunger cravings at bay to reduce calorie intake, or just help consumers avoid the temp tation of eating unhealthy snacks that offer little in the way of nutrition, making it more sustainable than other weight loss methods.

A new wave in weight management

There is no doubt about it – injectable medicati ons are delivering promising results for obese and overweight individuals. However, they are not a silver bullet to weight loss and those that are looking for more accessible solutions should trust in clinical ly proven alternatives that can improve gut health, retain muscle and deliver a leaner body shape – without any unpleasant side effects. The new wave of weight management may be he re, but the future for scientifically validated soluti ons that support sustainable weight loss looks very promising.

References:

World Health Organization via Daily Mail, May 2023. Accessed November 2023. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-12077333/ WHO-obesity-chief-warns-Wegovy-NOT-silver-bullet-worldsepidemic.html 2 Huffpost, The science behind why you crave sugar when you’re stressed, December 2017. 3,4 Harvard Health, What is a successful mindset for weight loss maintenance?, May 2022. 5, 9 Washington Post, How to make powerful new obesity drugs available to all, November 2023 6 Andrew Gregory, The Guardian, ‘UK in ‘rapidly escalating’ diabetes crisis as cases top 5m, report says’, April 2023. 7, 8 Sue Quinn, BBC, ‘Why do these two countries have among the lowest obesity rates in Western Europe?’, September 2023 10 European Medicines Agency, EMA statement on ongoing review of GLP-1 receptor agonists, July 2023 11 Insider.com, March 2023 12 EFSA Journal 2010;8(10):1798 13, 14 EFSA Journal 2010;8(10):1732 15 Ahlstrom, L et al (2018) Preliminary investigation into the effects of SlimBiome on food cravings and responsiveness to the food en vironment in healthy overweight and obese women following stan dard nutritional advice. Proceedings of Nutrition Society 77, E229 16 Costabile, A et al (2020) A pilot study to assess the effect of a fibre and mineral formulation on satiety and satiation when taken as part of a calorie restriction diet in overweight and obese women. Journal of Functional Foods 74, 104157 1

Established in 2012, OptiBiotix Health PLC (‘OptiBiotix’) is a global market leader in microbiome modulation biotechnology. The company develops and commercializes microbial strains and functional fibre blends that improve health and wellbeing. It specializes in producing science-backed compounds for use in food, dietary supplements and pharmaceuticals that prevent and manage human metabolic diseases including obesity, cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol and diabetes. For further information visit: www.optibiotix.com

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GC Rieber VivoMega ® Introduces VivoSens , the Ultimate Analysis for Omega-3 Sensory Performance ™

GC Rieber VivoMega™, a leading player in sustainable marine and vegan Omega-3 concentrates, proudly announces the introduction of VivoSens®, a world-first technology to analyze the components contributing to the taste and smell of omega-3 oils.

C Rieber VivoMega™ is a Norwegian leader in environmentally sustainable omega-3 solutions. VivoMega aims to deliver customers the highest quality and purest omega-3 oil concentrates globally. The company utilizes state-of-theart production equipment to produce some of the most potent and stable omega-3 concentrates in the supplement market. The company has expanded its facility several times, adding a new industry-leading concentration production facility delivering highgrade DHA and EPA fish oils (up to 800mg/g). Most recently, VivoMega introduced its vegan Algae DHA omega 3.

VivoSens®

VivoSens is a proprietary analysis method devel-

oped by VivoMega to identify, quantify, and standardize the components contributing to the sensory performance of omega-3 concentrations. “This technology allows us to have the most accurate and objective measurement of the sensory profile of our VivoMega oils,” said Ståle Søfting, Sales and Marketing Director, GC Rieber VivoMega. “We are incredibly proud of this development, which further backs our products as the ultimate omega-3s in quality, purity, and taste, allowing us to deliver the best possible product to the end user.” The current industry standard for measuring oil sensory performance consists of oxidation analysis, or total oxidation value (TOTOX), combined with a sensory panel evaluation. Both measures have limi tations. Low TOTOX does not always correlate with high sensory performance over time, and sensory

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panels can be highly subjective. To set a new, objective standard in sensory performance, VivoMega developed VivoSens. This proprietary technology utili zes GCRV’s own inhouse developed proprietary tech nology and is adapted specifically to VivoMega oils. Using this method, the volatile components responsible for the sensory profile (if present) are separated from the oil and are then identified and quantified using a standard curve with known concentrations. This sophisticated process allows the company to provide an objective sensory performance rating and a reproducible specification limit from batch to batch. VivoSens complements both oxidation ana lysis and sensory panel evaluation, and together, allows VivoMega to guarantee the best quality and tas te profile. Søfting continued, “We are redefining the sensory experience of omega-3 oils, and soon, VivoMega customers will see the addition of a new VivoSens sensory score on its product specifications.”

A New Study Demonstrates Levagen®+ May Ease Seasonal Allergies Gencor has announced the publication of its recent human clinical trial demonstrating its palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) ingredient, Levagen®+, to be a safe and effective supplement to ease seasonal allergies.

V-Label certification for algae omega-3 concentrates

For further information visit: www.vivomega.com/products-algae/

To review the published clinical data and for more information on Levagen+, visit: www.levagenplus.com or GencorPacific.com.

Established in Switzerland in 1996, the internationally recognized vegan and vegetarian trademarked label allows customers to identify plantbased choices easily. In order to receive the certification, the product must fit the agency’s specific definition and criteria of a vegan or vegetarian product. According to V-Label, over 50,000 products from more than 4,300 licensees worldwide carry the V-Label. “We are thrilled to receive this certification for our high-concentration vegan omega-3 from microalgae,” said Søfting. “This certification further helps validate our efforts to provide a superior product with exceptional purity parameters and optimal sensory profiles. We launched our vegan DHA omega-3 at Expo West last year and received great customer feedback and engagement.” VivoMega Algae Oil is extracted through its Superlight proprietary technology, allowing for gentle and non-invasive processing. Through this specially designed circular reflux system, the oil has very low exposure to heat, is protected from oxidation, and includes every relevant fatty acid. The Superlight circular technology also provides optimal resource utilization with little to zero waste. VivoMega Algae Oils fully aligns with the EU Green Deal initiatives and the UN Global Compact guidelines. It also leads the market on its oxidation levels, allowing it to maintain its freshness for 3-years with optimal taste, smell, and color.

easonal allergies are caused by increased antigen-specific immunoglobulin E inflammation and histamine release. It’s been reported that palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) may be an alternative to downregulate mast cell activation and increase the synthesis of endocannabinoid 2-rachidonoylglycerol to reduce histamine. The double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial included 101 participants with seasonal allergies and were supplemented with either 350 mg of PEA (Levagen+) or a placebo daily for two weeks. Symptom scores were recorded using the reflective total nasal symptom score (rTNSS) twice daily (morning and evening) for the two weeks, and blood was taken at baseline and week 2. The published results found that the Levagen®+ group saw a significant reduction in plasma histamine levels compared to the placebo (p < 0.05), with a decrease in allergy symptoms, like a blocked nose, suggesting that Levagen®+ helps mitigate seasonal allergies. Specifically, the Levagen+ group had a significant decrease from baseline in histamine, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α, showing that it reduced inflammatory markers. “The outcome of this study further backs PEA’s published mechanisms of action showing its ability to impact histamine and inflammatory markers,” said R.V. Venkatesh, Co-founder and Managing Director at Gencor. “Seasonal allergies impact nearly 40% of the global population, and this study shows Levagen®+ to be a strong supplement to help ease common indicators of allergies.” Levagen®+ is a bioavailable palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), a self-affirmed GRAS ingredient manufactured in cGMP facilities, and has been clinically tested to support joint health, sleep, recovery, and immunity. Levagen+ is applicable for dietary supplements, food and beverages, and cosmeceuticals.

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The Growing Significance of Liver Health in the Food Supplement Market While silymarin remains a well-studied and proven ingredient, the industry continues to explore novel concepts to fortify liver health, often combining emerging ingredients with established ones. AUTHOR:

Daria Šurić, MPharm

he liver serves a multitude of vital functions crucial for the body's well-being. Primarily, it aids in digestion by producing bile that assists in breaking down fats and certain vitamins. Additionally, it acts as a hub for nutrient processing and distribution throughout the body. This powerhouse organ not only generates blood proteins and bile but also stores energy, fights infections, eliminates harmful substances from the bloodstream, and plays a pivotal role in metabolizing nutrients. Through its production of bile, the liver facilitates the breakdown of fats and aids in nutrient absorption in the small intestine. Once absorbed, various nutrients like sugars, amino acids, and vitamins travel via the bloodstream to the liver, which stores, processes, and distributes these essential elements as needed by the body. Moreover, liver health encompasses a range of functions, including toxin removal from the blood, bile production, metabolism of macronutrients, re

gulation of blood cell volume, and synthesis of clotting factors. Glucose regulation is another crucial aspect; the liver manages blood sugar levels by storing glucose as glycogen and converting it back to glucose when the body requires more energy. It also converts other sugars into glucose, serving as a critical metabolic regulator. Furthermore, the liver has a significant role in processing excess energy by converting carbohydrates into fatty acids or creating ketone bodies from fatty acids during periods of low carbohydrate intake or starvation. Beyond energy metabolism, the liver synthesizes an array of essential molecules like albumin, cholesterol, uric acid, and various proteins involved in inflammatory responses and growth factors. Additionally, it plays a pivotal role in detoxifying harmful substances, transforming them into safer forms for elimination from the body. These substances include pharmaceutical drugs, environmental toxins, alco-

FIGURE 1 Relevant formulation strategies currently available to improve the bioavailability of silymarin.

Adapted from: Di Costanzo A, Angelico R. Formulation strategies for enhancing the bioavailability of silymarin: The state of the art. Molecules. 2019;24(11):2155. Published 2019 Jun 7. doi:10.3390/molecules24112155

Nutramedic &Cosmetics hol, and other compounds that could potentially harm the system if allowed to accumulate. While the liver is naturally equipped to handle detoxification, some nutritional support is necessary for optimal functioning. However, the efficacy of many purported "detox" supplements lacks substantial scientific backing. The liver also serves as a storage hub for numerous vital nutrients like vitamin A, copper, and vitamin B12, releasing them into the body as required. Its intricate involvement in storing, transporting, detoxifying, and synthesizing various substances underscores its integral connection to overall bodily health. Despite its resilience, the liver can succumb to various diseases, some influenced by diet and lifestyle. Conditions like nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including its advanced forms like nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis, are particularly prevalent and merit attention due to their widespread impact on health. NAFLD alone affects a significant portion of adults in the US and Europe, emphasizing the importance of understanding and addressing liver-related concerns stemming from lifestyle and dietary factors.

Milk thistle

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) contains silymarin, a mixture of plant compounds known to be nefit injured livers. Milk thistle has been used for centuries as an herbal remedy for liver disorders. Silymarin, which is a mixture of several different plant compounds known as flavonolignans, is the bioactive component, a complex mixture of plant-derived compounds identified as mostly flavonolignans, flavonoids (taxifolin, quercetin) and polyphenolic molecules. Evidence suggests that silymarin protects liver cells, reduces liver-related deaths, and improves markers of liver function in people with chronic liver disease1. These effects are primarily attributed to silymarin’s role as a free radical scavenger, thus reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Silymarin also seems to have antifibrotic properties. Milk thistle extract and silymarin are best best- studied natural ingredients for liver health. They are constituents of drugs and food supplement products supporting liver health. Dosages of milk thistle extract and silymarin in those products depend on legislation in the market they are sold. Silymarin acts as a free radical scavenger and mo dulates enzymes associated with the development of cellular damage, fibrosis and cirrhosis. These he patoprotective effects were observed in clinical stu dies in patients with alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, including patients with cirrhosis. In a pooled analysis of trials in patients with cirrhosis, silymarin treatment was associated with a significant reduction in liver-related deaths. Moreover, in patients with diabetes and alcoholic cirrhosis, silymarin was also able to improve glycemic parameters. Patients with drug-induced liver injuries were also successfully treated with silymarin. Silymarin is generally very well tolerated, with a low incidence of adverse events and no treatment-related serious adverse events or deaths reported in clinical trials.

For maximum benefit, treatment with silymarin should be initiated as early as possible in patients with fatty liver disease and other distinct liver disease manifestations such as acute liver failure, when the regenerative potential of the liver is still high and when removal of oxidative stress, the cause of cytotoxicity, can achieve the best results.

Silymarin: source and physicochemical properties

Silymarin consists of several flavonoid-like compounds extracted from the small hard fruits of Silybum marianum L. Gaertn (milk thistle), which grows extensively in Europe and Asia, including India. The drug belongs to a class of compounds—flavonolignans—likely produced in the plant by radical coupling of flavonoids and coniferyl alcohol. A referen ce composition comprises: silybin or silibinin (33.4%), silychristin (12.9%), silydianin (3.5%) and isosilybin (8.35%), which are assumed to be responsible for the therapeutic liver-protecting activity of the plant extract. The silymarin composition and the ratios of individual constituents may vary concerning different brands of commercial standardized milk thistle extracts. For the main component silybin, a large amount of pharmaco-toxicological and clinical do cumentation exists. Although clinical trials have shown silymarin is sa fe at high doses (>1500 mg/day) in humans, the pharmacokinetic studies over the past three decades related to absorption, distribution, metabolism, and ex cretion of silymarin have revealed poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and ultimately poor oral bioavaila bility. For optimum silymarin bioavailability, issues of solubility, permeability, metabolism, and excretion must be addressed. An array of methods has been des cribed in recent years that can improve its bioavailability, including complexation with β-cyclodextrins, solid dispersion method, formation of microparticles and nanoparticles, self-micro emulsifying drug deli very systems, micelles, liposomes, and phytosomes2. Although the best-known and most studied natural ingredient connected to liver health, there are some limiting factors such as low solubility in water (<50 μg/mL), low bioavailability and poor intestinal absorption. To improve its bioavailability and provide a prolonged silymarin release at the site of absorption, the use of nanotechnological strategies appears to be a promising method to potentiate the therapeutic action and promote sustained release of the active herbal extract. Figure 1 illustrates the types of formulations that have been developed to improve the solubility and bioavailability of silymarin, most of which being designed primarily for oral administration. The therapeutic efficiency of silybin is rather limited by its very low water solubility. Another limiting factor consists of low intestinal permeability, which combined with poor water solubility, can cause lower efficacy. Consequently, the product is poorly absorbed (20– 50%) from the GIT and has a low bioavailability from oral formulations. So, continuous work on ways and strategies to overcome this is a crucial factor in the advancement of Milk thistle extract usage in oral dosage forms.

Nutramedic &Cosmetics Artichoke extract

Artichoke Extract is an extract from the common bulb vegetable (Cynara scolymus L.) that appears to have the ability to stimulate bile secretion; this may underlie a weak reduction in cholesterol and improved fat digestion. It is grown in countries in the Mediterranean region, and has a high concentration of natural antioxidants such as mono-caffeoylquinic acid and dicaffeoylquinic acid (cynarin and chlorogenic acid), caffeic acid, and the volatile sesquiterpine and flavonoids and it also has an antimicrobial and cholesterol decreasing effects. Artichoke can have protective effects against NAFLD by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation and increasing the activity of glutathione peroxidase. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to summarise studies conducted on the effects of artichoke supplementation on liver enzy mes. Pooled analysis, of eight clinical trials, revealed that artichoke supplementation significantly reduced the concentration of aspartate aminotrans ferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), in comparison with a placebo. Subgroup analysis suggested that artichoke administration significantly reduces AST and ALT in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease AST and ALT), and ALT among overweight/ obese subjects. Conclusions was the supplementation elicited signi ficant reductions in liver enzymes, especially among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The study was limited by insufficient data, preven ting a thorough examination of how artichoke leaf extract affects the ratio between AST and ALT enzy mes. This ratio is considered a more reliable indicator of liver disease compared to just their levels. Consequently, interpreting the conclusions of this paper should be approached cautiously due to this limitati on in the analysis of the enzymes' relative changes3. Another systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of artichoke administration on the liver enzymes. Pooled analysis of seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggested that the artichoke administration affects both alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Greater effects on ALT were detected in trials that lasted ≤8 weeks. Also, greater effects on AST were detected in trials using > 500 mg artichoke. Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrated artichoke supplementation decreased ALT and AST. However, further large, high-quality clinical trials in different regions are needed to provide definite conclusion. These findings provide additional evidence for physicians and medical researchers on the efficacy of alternative treatments for hepatic patients4. Artichoke extract has several on-hold claims pen ding connected to liver health. (Table 1)

Choline

Choline is crucial for various bodily functions: it's a major component of cellular membranes and essential for neurotransmitter production, kidney function, and providing crucial components for various metabolic reactions. There's a recommended intake, but actual consumption varies widely. The liver plays

a key role in choline metabolism, crucial for methylation reactions, especially as it's heavily involved in the process, affecting gene regulation and DNA methylation. Choline deficiency in the liver can impact mitochondrial function, leading to potential issues like inflammation, fibrosis, and even cancer development. This deficiency can influence epigenetic mechanisms, affecting how genes are expressed and impacting pathways involved in inflammation in the liver. Dietary intake of choline varies over a three-fold range and many humans have genetic polymorphisms that increase their demand for choline. Choline is an important methyl donor needed for the generation of S-adenosylmethionine. Dietary choline intake is an important modifier of epigenetic marks on DNA and histones, and thereby modulates the gene expression in many of the pathways involved in liver function and dysfunction5. There is a recommended adequate intake for choline (about 550 mg/day), but choline intake in the diet has been estimated to vary by as much as three-fold – the lowest quartile and the highest quartile of intake were approximately 150mg and 500 mg/day choline equivalents. Therefore, it is crucial to provide enough choline through supplementation, in case of lower or inadequate food intake for prevention of liver damage.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E encompasses a group of eight distinct compounds known for their antioxidant properties within the body. These compounds fall into two primary categories: tocopherols and tocotrienols, each further classified into alpha (α), beta (β), gamma (γ), and delta (δ) vitamers. While α-tocopherol is commonly regarded as the primary vitamer, research also focuses on the gamma variants (γ-tocopherol and γ-tocotrienol) due to their presence in the typical diet. Together, these compounds collectively constitute what is referred to as vitamin E. Notably, most vitamin E supplements predominantly feature α-tocopherol. In one meta-analysis involving randomized controlled trials, the focus was on examining the impact of vitamin E supplementation on the blood levels of liver enzymes—specifically, alanine aminotransfera se (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-in individuals diagnosed with nonalcoholic fatty liver di sease (NAFLD) or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A total of 794 individuals, comprising 470 adults and 324 children/adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD/NASH, were included in the analysis. This analysis involved a review of 12 randomized controlled trials conducted across several countries, including the United States, Iran, Italy, Switzerland, Malaysia, Pakistan, and China. Among these trials, 8 focused on adults, while 4 targeted children/adolescents. In 7 of the trials, vitamin E supplementation was paired with lifestyle modifications in both the intervention and control groups. The dosage of vitamin E varied from approximately 150 to 900 IU per day, with placebos or no intervention used as comparators. The duration of the interventions ranged from 4 to 96 weeks.

Nutramedic &Cosmetics TABLE 1 Milk thistle extract on hold EFSA health claims

Health claims which may continue to be used pending a decision by the European Commission 13-1 ID

Wording

Conditions

3703

EFSA Access Database: Helps to support digestion / Contributes to the normal function of intestinal tract / Helps support the digestive juice flow / Maintains a healthy liver / Support of detoxication / Contributes to intestinal comfort

Leaf, flower / Usual consumption as traditional foodstuff in a normal diet / The equivalent of 5 g dried artichoke leaf per day.

3703

EFSA Access Database: Support of detoxication / Helps support the digestive juice flow / Maintains a healthy liver / Contributes to intestinal comfort

Leaf, 5-10 g of dried leaf as in aqueous dry extract or infusion; equivalent preparations. Pediatric use: children>4y. Proportion of adult dose according to age or body weight.

4303

EFSA Access Database: Support of detoxification / Helps support the digestive juice flow / Mantains a healthy liver / Contributes to intestinal comfort

Leaf/5-10 g of dried leaf as in aqueous dry extract or infusion, equivalent preparations. Pediatric use: children>4y. Proportion of adult dose according to age or body weight

4625

EFSA Access Database: Support liver well function / Maintain healthy liver

May be taken 1 g to 3-4 times a day.

The results demonstrated that compared to the control groups, supplementation with vitamin E led to a notable decrease in ALT levels by approximately 13.06 IU/L and AST levels by approximately 6.00 IU/L. Notably, these effects remained consistent across different population types (Asians vs. non-Asians) and age groups (adults vs. children/adolescents), va ried intervention durations (≤24 weeks vs. >24 weeks), and whether lifestyle modifications were part of the intervention or not6.

Conclusion

The landscape of the food supplement industry has witnessed a notable shift in recent years, with an increasing emphasis on products tailored to support liver health. This surge in interest is propelled by several factors, collectively highlighting the pivotal role of the liver in maintaining overall well-being and the subsequent demand for supplements catering to its maintenance and enhancement. One of the primary drivers behind this trend is the escalating prevalence of liver-related conditions, notably non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Lifestyle factors, including sedentary habits and poor dietary choices, have contributed to a rise in these conditions. Consequently, there exists a burgeoning market for supplements purporting to fortify liver function and combat associated health issues. The realm of athletic performance has also contributed to the propulsion of liver health supplements. Athletes, in their pursuit of peak performance and post-exercise recovery, seek supplements that aid metabolic processes, including those relevant to liver function. There are not many new ingredients backed up with proven efficacy. Some relevant efficacy evidence exists for blends of a few herbs but as a standalone ingredient, silymarin is still the most stu died and proven ingredient. This is due to the previously mentioned fact that it is present in products

that are in the drug and also food supplements product category. As a drug compound, it had to be investigated thoroughly and to have proven efficacy. Other emerging ingredients and vitamins that are important for liver health are often still combined with silymarin. While silymarin remains a well-studied and proven ingredient, the industry continues to explore novel concepts to fortify liver health, often combining emerging ingredients with established ones. This evolution presents opportunities and challenges for formulators and manufacturers, urging innovation and research to create advanced solutions that maximize liver health beyond existing supplements. As the pursuit of holistic well-being expands, the liver emerges as a key protagonist in the narrative of overall health and wellness.

References: 1

Gillessen A, Schmidt HH. Silymarin as Supportive Treatment in Liver Diseases: A Narrative Review. Adv Ther. 2020;37(4):1279-1301. doi:10.1007/s12325-020-01251-y

Di Costanzo A, Angelico R. Formulation Strategies for Enhancing the Bioavailability of Silymarin: The State of the Art. Molecules. 2019;24(11):2155. Published 2019 Jun 7. doi:10.3390/molecu les24112155

Moradi S, Shokri-Mashhadi N, Saraf-Bank S, et al. The effects of Cynara scolymus L. supplementation on liver enzymes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pract. 2021;75(11):e14726. doi:10.1111/ijcp.14726

Amini MR, Sheikhhossein F, Talebyan A, Bazshahi E, Djafari F, Hekmatdoost A. Effects of Artichoke Supplementation on Liver Enzymes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Clin Nutr Res. 2022;11(3):228-239. Published 2022 Jul 25. doi:10.7762/cnr.2022.11.3.228

Mehedint MG, Zeisel SH. Choline's role in maintaining liver function: new evidence for epigenetic mechanisms. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2013;16(3):339-345. doi:10.1097/MCO.0b013e 3283600d46

Vogli S, Naska A, Marinos G, Kasdagli M-I, Orfanos P. The Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Serum Aminotransferases in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2023; 15(17):3733. https://doi. org/10.3390/nu15173733

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

Superiority of a Standardized Black Seed Oil (B'utyQuin™) Versus a Non-Standardized Black Seed Oil on Acne Mechanisms and Occurrence The study focuses on B’utyQuin’s ability to significantly inhibit many of the opportunistic pathogens, in particular Propionibacterium acnes, commonly associated with acne and oily skin, in a superior fashion to non-standardized black seed oil. It also demonstrates the superiority of B’utyQuin compared to NS-BSO in modulating the microbial diversity present in acne by targeting several key mechanisms of action associated with acne and oily skin. AUTHORS:

Liki von Oppen-Bezalel, PhD, TriNutra Ltd., Julie S. Jurenka, MT(ASCP), CCN (Cand.)

Introduction

Acne, also known as Acne vulgaris, is a skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged by dead skin cells and excessive sebum, an oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands that may cause inflammation and dysbiosis of the microbial community. This can result in blackheads or whiteheads, pimples, papules, pustules, oily skin, inflam-

mation, and possible scarring.1,2 (Figure 1) Acne is the eighth most common skin disease in the world according to Heng et al, 3 and is an immune-mediated, inflammatory and sometimes chronic condition.4 Primary causes of acne can include genetic predisposition,5 and dysfunction in skin metabolism resulting in increased sebum production.6 Other factors contributing to the prevalence of acne in the

1) Acne is the eighth most common skin disease in the according to Heng, et al,3 and is an immune-mediated, matory and sometimes chronic condition.4 Primary causes

IGURE 1

Nigella sativa (N. sativa, family Ranunculaceae), is an annual flowering plant native to southeastern Europe, western Asia, the Nutramedic Middle East, and northern Africa. Oil from its small black&Cosmetics seeds,

FIGURE 1 Types od acne

s of Acne Sebaceous Gland Microbes

Hair

Sebum oil

Immune response cells

Epidermis

Dermis

Hair follicle

Dermis

general population include hormonal changes, bacterial, yeast, or fungal skin infections, stress, diet, and lifestyle.7 Nigella sativa (N. sativa, family Ranunculaceae), is an annual flowering plant native to southeastern Europe, western Asia, the Middle East, and northern Africa. Oil from its small black seeds, black seed oil (BSO), has been used for centuries as both medicinal and beauty treatments. Black seed oil has been stu died more recently for its many health, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifungal, and dermatologic benefits.8-12 Identification of N. sativa’s primary constituent, thymoquinone (TQ), has resulted in a growing interest in its powerful and wide-ranging pharmacological activities.11-17 To harness the incredible power of thymoquinone, TriNutra™ Ltd., has cultivated a full-spectrum, coldpressed BSO standardized to 3% thymoquinone and very low free fatty acids (FFAs), the highest quality and most powerful thymoquinone concentration available on the market. Nigella sativa seed oil produced by TriNutra™ Ltd., is a stable, cold-pressed, standardized black seed oil with 3% thymoquinone, the powerful primary active constituent, and a low percentage (<2%) of free fatty acids. This specific formulation is branded as B’utyQuin™ and is a uniquely powerful cosmetic active ingredient. B’utyQuin™ optimizes mitochondrial functions including fat metabolism, ATP production and cell respiration, balances the inflammatory response, and has antioxidant and antimicrobial benefits. It has been shown to target several key mechanisms associated with acne and other cosmetic and dermatologic conditions. This current study’s summary demonstrates the influence of B'utyQuin™ versus Non-Standardized Black Seed Oil (NS-BSO), containing less than 1% thymoquinone and high (+9%) FFAs, on multiple causes associated with acne occurrence, in particular overgrowth of microorganisms.

Mechanisms behind B’utyQuin’s effect on acne occurrence

The black seed oil composition of TriNutra’s B’utyQuin featuring a high thymoquinone content along with low free fatty acids, has been shown to beneficially impact several key modulators of acne. In vitro studies were conducted to determine the mechanisms of action behind BSO’s remarkable benefits for acne. Results highlight the power of thymoquinone’s antimicrobial activity against Propionibacteri um (Cutibacterium) acnes (Figure 2), Malassezia furfur, Malassezia globosa, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus, opportunistic pathogens associa ted with acne, seborrhea, dandruff and other dermatological conditions.7 Thymoquinone’s anti-inflammatory properties, via inhibition of nitric oxide production (Figure 3),11 its modulation of fat/sebum metabolism via reduction of adipocyte number and lipid particle size (Figure 4),12 and its immune-modulating properties may help mitigate the inflammatory responses that occur during acne outbreaks. Thymoquinone also mo dulates sebum production6 which the microorganisms causing acne use for nourishment. Additionally, B’utyQuin’s active ingredient, thymoquinone, can soothe redness, as well as calm and restore harmony to sensitive skin.15,16 Emotional and mental stress are often a contributing factor to acne outbreaks and thymoquinone has been shown to beneficially impact stress, via modulation of the stress hormone, cortisol, when consumed orally.17 Previous studies have demonstrated B’utyQuin’s antimicrobial activity against Malassezia furfur, (Figure 5) an opportunistic pathogen associated with seborrhea and other dermatological conditions including acne.10 In this study we focus on its ability to significantly inhibit many of the opportunistic pa thogens, in particular Propionibacterium acnes, (Fi gure 6) commonly associated with acne and oily skin in a superior fashion to non-standardized black seed

mitochondrial functions including fat metabolism, ATP production and cell respiration, balances the inflammatory

aureus, opportunistic pathogens associated with acne, seborrhea, dandruff and other dermatological conditions.7

Nutramedic &Cosmetics FIGURE 2

Mechanism of Action Elucidating

(BlackB’utyQuin’ Seed Oils™ with 3% Seed Thymoquinone) Effect on Acne Effect Occurrence FIGURE 2 Mechanism of B’utyQuin’s™ Action Elucidating (Black Oil with 3% Thymoquinone) on Acne Occurrence

TYPES OF ACNE

Sebum oil Sebaceous gland

Hair

Epidermis

Hair follicle

Dermis

Bacteria, fungi, yeast

Pore is sealed with skin Inflammation

B’utyQuin™

Acne

Antimicrobial Lysis of skin microbes

TYPES OFNormal ACNE

B’utyQuin™ Application to Acne

Sebum/Oil Production Decreases adipocyte number/droplet size

Inflammation/Redness Soothes irritated skin

Improved Acne Lesions, Redness, and Overall Skin Health

Oxidative Stress Inhibits NO production

oil. The current study also demonstrates the superiority of B’utyQuin over a non-standardized black seed oil in modulating the microbial diversity present in acne-prone skin. The following study investigates and compares the influence of standardized black seed oil (B'utyQuin™) and Non-Standardized Black Seed Oil (NS BSO), which contains less thymoquinone and much higher levels of FFAs, on the diversity of microorganisms present on oily skin and often observed with acne.

Organism selection ammatory properties, via inhibition of 3 Corynebacterium si For this study, theFIGURE organisms

ATP Production & Cellular Respiration

Mental Stress Decreases cortisol, a stress hormone

2 Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis and Streptococcus mitis (Table 1) were selected based on their properties related to skin health. The seven test microorganisms used in this study are strains predominantly found on oily skin.18-27

Preparation of B'utyQuin™ and non-standardized black seed oil solutions

A 5% solution of each product was prepared in squalane under sterile conditions with the constituent profiles below: • B’utyQuin™ – Nigella sativa Seed Oil, by TriNutra, is

NO Production % of Inhibition

Figure 3),11 its modulation of fat/sebum mulans, Malassezia globosa, Propionibacterium acnes, Anti-inflammatory effect of B’utyQuin™, BSO with 3% TQ of adipocyte number and lipid particle and <2% FFA on NO production LPS FIGURE 3 Anti-inflammatory e ect of B’utyQuin™, BSOin with 3% stimulated TQ and <2% FFA on NO production in mmune-modulating properties may help macrophages LPS stimulated macrophages (unpublished (unpublished data)data) ry responses that occur during acne ne also modulates sebum production6 74.4 ms causing acne use for nourishment. 80 active ingredient, thymoquinone, can 54.8 60 46.3 s calm and restore harmony to sensitive 33.2 40 mental stress are often a contributing and thymoquinone has been shown to 13.6 20 2.4 via modulation of the stress hormone, 0 orally.17 1:500 1:400 1:300 1:200 1:100 1:50 B’utyQuin 3% TQ

NO Production %

the redness, as well as calm and restore harmony to sensitive .15,16 Emotional and mental stress are often a contributing or to acne outbreaks and thymoquinone has been shown to eficially impact stress, via modulation of the stress hormone, Thymoquinone’s anti-inflammatory properties, via inhibition of isol, when consumed orally.17 (Figure 3),11 its modulation of fat/sebum nitric oxide production

46.3 33.2

40 20 0

54.8

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

13.6 2.4 FIGURE 3 1:500 1:400

1:300

1:200

1:100

1:50

FIGURE 4 Effect of B’utyQuin™ (standardized BSO with 3% thymoquinone and less than 2% FFAs)of onB’utyQuin™, oil Anti-inflammatory effect BSO with 3% TQ

NO Production % of Inhibition

B’utyQuin 3% TQ via reduction of adipocyte number lipid FIGURE particle quinone’smetabolism anti-inflammatory properties, via inhibition of and droplets formation in 3T3 adipocytes showed a significant reduction of lipid droplets formation, while 3 and <2% FFA on NO production in LPS stimulated 11 commercial, non-standardized did not itsitsmodulation of BSO fat/sebum oxide production (Figure size 4),123),and immune-modulating properties may help FIGURE 4a(Figure macrophages (unpublished data) Anti-inflammatory effect of B’utyQuin™, BSO with 3% TQ olism via mitigate reduction the of adipocyte numberresponses and lipid particle inflammatory that occur and during acne <2% FFA on NO production in LPS stimulated 12 igure 4), outbreaks. and its immune-modulating may helpsebummacrophages Thymoquinoneproperties also modulates production6 (unpublished data) e the inflammatory responses that occur during 74.4 which the microorganisms causing acneacne use for nourishment. 80 6 aks. Thymoquinone also modulates sebum production Additionally, B’utyQuin’s active ingredient, thymoquinone, can 54.8 60 74.4 46.3 the microorganisms causing acne use for nourishment. 80 soothe redness, as well as calm and restore harmony to sensitive nally, B’utyQuin’s active ingredient, thymoquinone, can 40 54.8 33.2 skin.15,16 Emotional and mental stress are often a contributing 60 46.3 redness, as well as calm and restore harmony to sensitive factor to acne outbreaks and thymoquinone has been shown 13.6 2033.2 6 40 to Control B’utyQuin Commercial Black Seed Oil Emotional and mental stress are often a contributing 2.4 beneficially impact stress, via modulation of the stress hormone, 0 to acne outbreaks and thymoquinone has 17been shown to 13.6 20 cortisol, when consumed orally. 1:500 1:400 1:300 1:200 1:100 1:50 2.4 cially impact stress, via modulation of the stress hormone, ect of B’utyQuin™ (standardized BSO with 3% thymoquinone and less than 2% FFAs) on oil droplets formation in 0 17 3% TQ consumed orally. 1:400 while 1:300 a 1:200 1:100B’utyQuin 1:50 3l, when adipocytes showed a significant reduction of lipid commercial, non-standardized strated 1:500 aformation, selective effect on the microorganism’ s dia stable cold-pressed black seed oil with 3% thy- droplets

O did not.moquinone FIGURE 4and less than 2% FFAs

FIGURE 5

FIGURE 6

60 FIGURE 6

B’utyQuin

1.8

IGURE 1.6 5

Average Kill Percentage

B’utyQuin

Zone of inhibition, M. Furfur (Diameter, cm)

B’utyQuin 3% TQto B’utyQuin, as it versity. P. acnes was most sensitive was completely absent in the diversity culture at the • Non-Standardized Black Seed Oil – from Nigella FIGURE 4 sativa seeds, containing 0.45% thymoquinone and end of the incubation period, while NS-BSO has no vious studies9.3% have demonstrated B’utyQuin’s antimicrobial activity againsteffect Malassezia (Figure 5)ofanP. opportunistic pathogen FFAs inhibitory on it. Infurfur, fact, the growth acnes 10 was enhanced to 108% of the original culture count • Control containing 500 µl of phosphate-buffe r ociated with seborrhea and other dermatological conditions including acne. In this study we focus on its ability to significantly inhibit ed saline (PBS). in the presence of the NS-BSO (Figure 5). This result ny of the opportunistic pathogens, in particular Propionibacteriumlends acnes, (Figure 6) commonly associated with acne and oily skin in a support to an earlier analysis in which B’utyerior fashion to non-standardized black seed oil. The current study also the superiority of shown B’utyQuin a non-standardized Quindemonstrates inhibited P. acnes by 76%, as in aover zonePrimary outcome goals of-inhibition study on plated agar, compared to NSprimary goal this study was topresent evaluateinthe k seed oil inThe modulating the of microbial diversity acne-prone skin. BSO or an antibiotic control (Figure 6). influence of standardized B’utyQuin BSO versus a B’utyQuin Control Black Seed Oil S. mitis was found to beCommercial very sensitive to both NS-BSOControl material on the diversity of B’utyQuin the key microorCommercial Black Seed Oil B’utyQuin and NS-BSO, as only about 5% of the origFIGUREganisms 5 FIGURE 6 present on oily skin and with acne. The eva inal bacterial count remained at the end of the inculuationof was conducted(standardized to determine whether the 3% thymoquinone and less than 2% FFAs) on oil droplets formation in B’utyQuin™ BSO with Growth inhibition Propionibacterium acnes by ifungal Effect activity of various BSOs containing different bation with eitherof material. standardized blackshowed seedBSO oil material had and t of B’utyQuin™ (standardized with 3%(B’utyQuin) thymoquinone lessperiod than 2% FFAs) on oilwhile droplets formation innon-standardized 3T3 adipocytes a significant reduction of lipid droplets formation, a commercial, The Staphylococcus organisms reacted strain B’utyQuin™, compared to non-standardized non-standardized BSO, positive, els of thymoquinone and FFAs on Malassezia furfur selective strongerreduction antimicrobial efects than formation, while a commercial, adipocytes showed a significant of lipid droplets BSO did and/or not. specifically to the B’utyQuin and NS-BSO materials. and negative controls. did not. the non-standardized material on organisms comS. epidermidis was the bacterial strain most resismonly on acne prone skin. Discfound Diffusion Assay M. oily furfur B’utyQuin™ Inhibits tant to incubation with B’utyQuin as demonstrated Previous studies have demonstrated B’utyQuin’s antimicrobial activity against Malassezia furfur, (Figureacnes 5) an opportunistic pathogen 2.8 Growth Inhibition Propionibacterium -25% of the original bacterial count remaining. us studies Study have demonstrated B’utyQuin’s antimicrobial activity againstbyMalassezia furfur, (Figure 5) an opportunistic pathogen results 10 study we focus on its in ability to significantly inhibit associated with seborrhea and other dermatological conditions including acne. In this no statistically significant difference 10 ated2.6 with seborrhea and other dermatological conditions including acne.However, In this study we focus on its ability to significantly inhibit Influence of B’utyQuin on the diversity of the key the growth inhibition of S. epidermidis, S. capitis, S. many of the opportunistic pathogens, in particular acnes, Propionibacterium acnes, (Figure 6) commonly associated 100% of the2.4opportunistic pathogens, in particular Propionibacterium (Figure 6) commonly associated with acne and oilyB’utyskinwith in a acne and oily skin in a microbes of oily skin 100 was hominis, S. mitis observed between the superior fashion toof non-standardized black seed oil. The current study also demonstrates the superiority of B’utyQuin over a non-standardized In a co-culture seven diferent species or fashion to non-standardized black seed oil. Themicrobial current study also demonstrates theNS-BSO superiority of B’utyQuin over a non-standardized 90 materials. 2.2 Quin and incubated with a 5% solution of B'utyQuin™ or NSblack seed oil in modulating the microbial diversity present in acne-prone skin. C. simulans incubation with the two materials 80 76.3% eed2.0 oil in modulating the microbial diversity present in acne-prone skin. BSO in squalane for four hours, B’utyQuin demonyielded similar 70 results to S. epidermidis. In total, all

50 inhibition of Propionibacterium FIGURE 5 Antifungal activity of various BSOs FIGURE 6 Growth 1.4 Growth inhibition Propionibacterium acnes by Antifungal activity oflevels various BSOs containing different Growth inhibition of40Propionibacterium acnes by ungal activity of various BSOs containing different containing different of thymoquinone acnes by B’utyQuin™, compared of to non- standar 1.2 levels B’utyQuin™, non-standardized positive, of thymoquinone and FFAs on Malassezia compared to BSO, non-standardized BSO, positive, thymoquinone and FFAs furfur on Malassezia furfur and of FFAs on Malassezia furfur dizedcompared BSO, B’utyQuin™, positive, and negative controls. 30 to 28.5% and negative controls. 1.0 and 20 negative controls.

1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6

2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8

0.5% TQ 0.5% 0.6 TQ 3% TQ 3% TQ 2% FFA 10% FFA 2% FFA 10% FFA

ZPT 0.01%

0.5% TQ 0.5% TQ 3% TQ 3% TQ 2% FFA 10% FFA 2% FFA 10% FFA

ZPT 0.01%

Penicillin/ Sterile Distilled Commercial, B’utyQuin Water (3% TQ Streptomycin Non (Negative (Postive low FFAs) Standardized 100% 100 100% Control) Control) BSO (~1% 100TQ) 90 90 80 76.3% 3 80 76.3% 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 28.5% 30 28.5% 20 20 10 0% 0 10 0% Commercial, B’utyQuin0 Penicillin/ Sterile Distilled Water (3% TQ Streptomycin Non Sterile Distilled Penicillin/ B’utyQuin Commercial, (Negative (Postive Standardized low FFAs) Water (3% TQ Streptomycin Non Control) Control) BSO (~1% TQ) (Negative (Postive Standardized low FFAs) Control) Control) BSO (~1% TQ) B’utyQuin

1.8

10 B’utyQuin™ Inhibits B’utyQuin™ Inhibits 0% Propionibacterium acnes 0 Propionibacterium acnes

ZPT 0.01%

B’utyQuin

2.0

2.4 2.2

B’utyQuin

2.4 2.2

0.5% TQ 0.5% TQ 3% TQ 3% TQ 2% FFA 2.6 10% FFA 2% FFA 10% FFA Zone of inhibition, M. Furfur (Diameter, cm)

2.6

Disc Diffusion Assay furfur Assay M. furfur Disc M. Diffusion 2.8Growth InhibitionGrowth Inhibition

Average KillB’utyQuin Percentage

0.6

Average Kill Percentage

0.8

Nutramedic &Cosmetics TABLE 1 Microorganisms Used in this Study and Their Properties.

STRAIN

PROPRETIES

Corynebacterium simulans

Part of the commensal flora of humans but can be opportunistic pathogens in some populations.18,19

Malassezia globosa

Commensal on scalp and skin. Reduced abundance in dandruff scalp.18,20,21

Propionibacterium acnes

Part of the skin flora and commensal but is also involved in the pathoge nesis of acne as a secondary factor.18,22,23

Staphylococcus capitis

Commensal on human skin. Multi-resistant strains that can be diffcult to treat.18,24

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Colonizes the skin and mucous membrane of humans. 25

Staphylococcus hominis

Ubiquitous human skin commensal, most frequently isolated from healthy skin. Protects against opportunisticpathogens such as S. aureus.18,26

Streptococcus mitis

Commensal on human skin and oropharynx. Opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients.18,27

bacterial species showed significantly reduced bacterial counts after four hours of incubation with B’utyQuin. The lowest effect of B’utyQuin (yet still significantly inhibitory) was observed for the fungal species, Malassezia globosa, which was inhibited by more than 60% when measured against the starting bacterial culture count. This compares to less than 20% inhibition when incubated with the NS-BSO. (Figure 7). In a separate study, B’utyQuin was also very effective against another Malassezia species, M. furfur, an opportunistic pathogen found on oily skin and acne lesions. (Figure 5.)10

Discussion and conclusion

In the current study, standardized Black Seed Oil with 3% thymoquinone and low content (<2%) of free fatty acids (B’utyQuin™), was analyzed to determine its effect on the diversity of microorganisms commonly found in those with oily skin and/or acne. The results were compared to a Non-Standardized Black Seed Oil (NS-BSO) that contains low amounts of thymoquinone (0.5%) and higher amounts of free fatty acids (9%). The different concentration of the active thymoquinone, between the two materials was postulated to influence its effectiveness on microbial diversity. For this purpose, using a co-culture of seven orga nisms, incubated with B'utyQuin™, NS-BSO, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) control, the effect on microbial growth was measured and calculated in percentage. B'utyQuin™ demonstrated a complete inhibitory effect on P. acnes (100%), which was no longer detectable in the culture after the incubation period. Conversely, NS-BSO actually enhanced the growth of P. acnes to 108%, when compared to the control. A similar effect was noticed in a separate Zone of inhibition study of P. acnes comparing B’utyQuin and NS-BSO and an antibiotic. A strong inhibitory effect on S. mitis was observed for both materials, with only about 5% of the original bacterial count being present after incubation. No

statistically significant different effect between the BSO materials was observed in regard to growth rates of S. capitis, S. epidermidis, S. hominis, and C. simulans strains. While the two materials showed the weakest effect on Malassezia globosa, B'utyQuin™ still reduced M. globosa growth by more than 60%, compared to just 19% for the NS-BSO. B’utyQuin’s inhibitory effect on Malassezia globosa is si milar to its effect on another opportunistic Malassezia species found on oily skin, Malassezia furfur. In summary, these results indicate that the standardized Black Seed Oil (B'utyQuin™) has a significantly stronger effect on the microbial growth of microorganisms associated with oily skin and acne than the non-standardized version of black seed oil. The observed strong inhibitory effect is likely attributed to B’utyQuin’s unique standardized composition of its powerful primary constituent, 3% thymoquinone, with a low free fatty acid content. This composition affects sebum/fat production which is a primary source of food for these microorganisms. Other benefits of the standardized BSO and its key active component, thymoquinone such as anti-inflammatory properties,11 modulation of fat/sebum6 as a result of mitochondrial functions boost, reduce skin oiliness and subsequent acne occurrences.15 Thymoquinone may also facilitate increased oxygen and nutrient supply to tissue surfaces via improvement of mitochondrial functions, enhance surface tissue metabolism and turnover, restore and tighten the skin barrier and increase the skin’s resistance to opportunistic pathogens. Additionally, B’utyQuin™ has been shown to soothe redness, calm and restore harmony to sensitive skin.11 Stress is often a contributing factor to acne outbreaks and thymoquinone has been shown to significantly impact stress via modulation of cortisol, the stress hormone, when consumed orally.17 This study and previous research highlight the superiority of a standardized BSO (B’utyQuin™ with 3% thymoquinone and <2% FFA) over non-standardized BSO in mitigating several of the key factors involved

opportunistic pathogen found on oily skin and acne lesions. (Figure 5.)10

NS-BSO, as only about 5% of the original bacterial count remained at the end of the incubation period with either material.

Nutramedic &Cosmetics FIGURE 7

Direct comparison of the effect B'utyQuin™ and Non-Standardized Black SeedBlack Oil onSeed Microbial FIGURE 7 Direct comparison of theofeffect of B'utyQuin™ and Non-Standardized Oil onDiversity Microbial Diversity

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in acne occurrence as illustrated in Figure 2.

References: 1

Williams HC, Dellavalle RP, Garner S. The Lancet. 2012; 379 (9813):361-372. doi.org/10.1016/s0140- 6736(11)60321-8.

Mahto A. Medicine. 2017;45(6):386–389.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed. 2017.03.003.

Heng AH, Chew FT. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):5754. doi: 10.1038/ s41598020-62715-3.

The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD 2019. https://www.healthdata.org/research-article/global-burde-ch ronic-respiratory-diseases-and-risk-factors-1990–2019-upda te-global. Accessed Aug 12, 2023.

Ballanger F, Baudry P, N’Guyen JM, et al. Dermatology. 2006; 212(2):145–149. doi:10.1159/000090655

Zouboulis CC, Jourdan E, Picardo M. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014;28(5):527–532. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12298.

Heng AH, Say YH, Sio YY, et al. Dermatology. 2022;238(2):226-235. doi:10.1159/000516232.

Matthaus B, Özcan MM. Czech J Food Sci. 2011;29(2):145-150. No doi.

Cheikh-Rouhou S, Besbes S, Hentati B, et al. Food Chemistry. 2007;101(2):673-681. No doi.

Ogen-Shtern N, Margarita Y, von Oppen-Bezalel L. Food Sci Nutr Res. 2021;4(2):1-9. No doi.

Yeun K, Akshay A, Raffaelle M, et al. J Food Nutr Sci. 2021;3(3):63-74. No doi.

Shen HH, Peterson SJ, Bellner L, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020; 9(6):489. doi: 10.3390/antiox9060489

Unpublished Research by TriNutra™ on ThymoQuin™ Synergies. 2018. Pharmaseed, Nes Ziona Israel.

Licari M, Raffaelle M, Rosman ZF, et al. J Nutr Food Sci. 2019;9:751. doi:10.4172/2155-9600.1000751.

von Oppen-Bezalel L, Jurenka JS. SOFW7Days. 2022;147:1-7. No doi.

Al Ghamdi MS. J Ethnopharmacol. 2001;76(1):45-48. doi: 10.1016/ s0378-8741(01)00216-1.

Talbott SM, Talbott JA. EC Nutrition. 2022;17(7):18-27. No doi.

Ridaura VK, Bouladoux N, Claesen J, et al. J Exp Med. 2018;215(3):785799. doi: 10.1084/jem.20171079.

Wattiau P, Janssens M, Wauters G. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2000;50(Pt 1):347-353. doi: 10.1099/00207713-50-1-347.

Saxena R, Mittal P, Clavaud C, et al. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018 Oct 4;8:346. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00346.

Saxena R, Mittal P, Clavaud C, et al. Sci Rep.2021;11(1):7220. doi:

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is S. cap it

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-20

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0 P. acn es

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120

Non-standardized Black Seed Oil

10.1038/s41598-021-86454-1. 22

Gilchrist TC. Johns Hopkins Hospital Report 1900;9:409-430. No doi. 5

Dekio I, McDowell A, Sakamoto M, et al. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2019;69(4):1087-1092. doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003274.

Heath V, Cloutman-Green E, Watkin S, et al. Antibiotics (Basel). 2023;12(4):669. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12040669.

Winslow CE, Winslow AR. 1908. The Systematic Relationships of the Coccaceae. New York. pp. 1-300. John Wiley and Sons.

Severn MM, Williams MR, Shahbandi A, mBio. 2022;13(3):e0093022. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00930-22.

Wei Y, Joyce LR, Wall AM, et al. mSphere. 2021;6(1):e01099-20. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.01099-20.

TriNutra® was born from the ownership group’s vision to serve unmet needs with formulations possessing immediate action and efficacy. The TriNutra® difference and approach to product development is based on three scientific concepts: • A synergistic combination of ingredients in a proper ratio for optimal efficacy • The proper therapeutic dosage of each ingredient • Clinical research to support the efficacy of the combination of product ingredients. • TriNutra® appreciates your interest in TriNutra® and looks forward to supporting your practice with innovative, efficacious, and clinically validated formulations. www.TriNutra.com service@trinutra.com

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

Empowering Women to Shine through Menopause Boost beauty and comfort during menopause with Omegia™.

B2B Events Calendar Overview of live B2B events that will take place in the first half of 2024. 13-15 February 2024, Mumbai, India https://www.vitafoodsindia.com 13-16 February 2024, Nuremberg, Germany https://www.biofach.de/en

otably, unique Omegia™ Softgels are rich in Omega 7, Omega 3, 6, and 9, along with natural vitamins A & E. These beneficial elements help nourish the skin and mucous membranes, making them an excellent choice for women seeking natural relief for menopausal symptoms like dry skin and vaginal dryness.

What's inside each softgel?

• Sea buckthorn oil: A nutritional powerhouse that includes Omega 3, 6, 7, 9, Vitamin E and A. This oil is responsibly sourced from our organic-certified and sustainably-harvested farm in Tibet.

Health benefits:

• Unmatched beauty: Enhances skin hydration, elasticity, brightness, and collagen levels, reduces wrinkles, and more. • Comfort during menopause: Alleviates vaginal dryness, as well as dryness in eyes, mouth, and nose.

Puredia advantages:

• Clean label: Dairy-free, soy-free, sugar-free, sodium-free, lactose-free, gluten-free, and vegan. • Convenience & Simplicity: All it takes is a single 500mg softgel daily for your customers. • Uncompromised quality: Produced in strict accordance with NSF GMP standards, ensuring the highest quality. Puredia's Omegia™ softgels provide a natural and vegan solution for beauty enhancement and menopause comfort. Seize this opportunity to become a leader in the health industry. For further information visit: https://www.puredia.com/product/omegia

13-16 February 2024, Nuremberg, Germany https://www.vivaness.de/en 12-16 March 2024, Anaheim, CA USA https://www.expowest.com/en/home.html 21-23 March 2024, Bologna, Italy https://www.cosmoprof.com/en/ 14-15 April 2024, London, UK https://www.naturalproducts.co.uk/ 16-17 April 2024, Secaucus, NJ, United States https://east.supplysideshow.com/en/home.html 16-18 April 2024, Paris, France https://www.in-cosmetics.com/global/en-gb.html 16-18 April 2024, Warsaw, Poland https://nutrafood.pl/en/ 19-21 April 2024, Bologna, Italy https://www.cosmofarma.com/en/ 14-16 May 2024, Geneva, Switzerland https://www.vitafoods.eu.com/en/home.html

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

Regulation (EU) 2023/1490 Made the List of Banned Cosmetic Ingredients Longer Regulation 2023/1490 covers substances classified as CMR substances by Regulation (EU) 2022/692, introducing 30 new entries to the list of substances prohibited in cosmetic products and extending the ban of 2-Ethylhexanoic acid to its salts.

I AUTHOR:

Gordana Gorinšek, MSc in Phytomedicine, Cosmetic Product Safety Assessor, Expert Consultant for Cosmetic Product Safety and Regulatory Affairs

t all started when European Commission published Regulation (EU) 2022/692 in May 2022 to amend Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 on Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP Regulation, consolidated version to March 2022). This last amendment is the eighteenth adaptation to technical and scientific progress (ATP-18) to the CLP Regulation and contains changes to the list of chemicals falling under Annex VI to the CLP Regulation. The revision contains changes to Table 3 of Part 3 under Annex VI ‘List of Harmonized Classification and Labelling of Hazardous Substances, adding 39 new entries of which, 12 were identified as cosmetic ingredients. Consequently, in July 2023 European Commission published Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/1490, commonly known as Omnibus Act VI, amending Re gulation (EC) 1223/2009 regarding the use in cosme

tic products of certain substances classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction, and dictates prohibition of these substances from use in cosmetic products as stated in Article 15 of Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009. Regulation 2023/1490 covers substances classified as CMR substances by Regulation (EU) 2022/692, introducing 30 new entries to the list of substances prohibited in cosmetic products (Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009), and extending the ban of 2-Ethylhexanoic acid to its salts. Seven substances classified as CMR have INCI names and have not been defended by the industry: I. CMR1-Classified substances in cosmetics: • Benzophenone CAS no: 119-61-9 – Hazard Class and Category code: Carc. 1B • Theophylline CAS no: 58-55-9 – Hazard Class and Category code: Repr. 1B • Pentasodium Pentetate CAS no: 140-01-2 – Hazard

Nutramedic &Cosmetics Class and Category code: Repr. 1B • Pentetic Acid CAS no: 67-43-6 – Hazard Class and Category code: Repr. 1B II. CMR2-Classified substances in cosmetics: • Melamine CAS no: 108-78-1 – Hazard Class and Category code: Carc. 2 • Margosa, ext. (from the kernels of Azadirachta indica extracted with water and further processed with organic solvents) CAS no: 84696-25-3 – Hazard Class and Category code: Repr. 2 • Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate CAS no: 15625-895 – Hazard Class and Category code: Carc.2 CMR substances are substances that are carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction (CMR). They are of specific concern due to the long term and serious effects that they may exert on human health. Under GHS (Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals), CMR substances can be classified into 3 categories depending on the severity of hazards: • Category 1A: Known human carcinogen (H340), mutagen (H350) or reproductive toxicant (H360) based on human evidence; • Category 1B: Presumed human carcinogen (H340), mutagen (H350) or reproductive toxicant (H360) based on animal studies; • Category 2: Suspected carcinogen (H341), mutagen (H351) or reproductive toxicant (H361) based on limited evidence from animal studies or/and human. This documents, Regulation (EU) 2022/692 and Regulation (EU) 2023/1490 became effective on 1st December 2023 with no exceptions for the relevant substances. Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 is amended accordingly, also effective from 1st December 2023.

References:

Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/692 of 16 February 2022 amending, for the purposes of its adaptation to technical and scientific progress, Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/1490 of 19 July 2023 amending Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the use in cosmetic products of certain substances classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction Commission Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on Cosmetic Pro ducts

Aromatični kutak Ltd. Brune Bušića 21 Zagreb, Croatia https://pif.com.hr/ info@aromaticnikutak.hr T. + 385 98 1750 934

BASF and 3Helix Inc.

Innovation Partnership

Innovation partnership builds on 3Helix’s developments in collagen-hybridizing peptide (CHP) technology. BASF to exclusively commercialize 3Helix’s technology to introduce CHP innovation to the personal care market.

ASF and 3Helix Inc., a U.S.-based technology start-up, announce their innovation partnership on 3Helix’s proprietary CHP technology. The partnership involves an equity investment and licensing agreement, granting BASF exclusive rights to commercialize CHP solutions for the personal care field. 3Helix's patented CHP technology is based on short, single-stranded collagen-like peptides that have the unique ability to bind to damaged and denatured collagen, enabling extraordinary anti-aging claims. The partnership comes after research and development work by 3Helix, which has seen their CHP technology quickly progress from laboratory scale to pilot stage. Recognizing the immense potential of this technology, BASF plans to bring it in-house and aims to launch initial CHP solutions in 2025. Since its establishment in 2015, 3Helix has focused on developing an innovative technology platform to target damaged collagen for various applications, including personal care. “It has been an exciting journey to bring our technology to this point where we can partner with BASF,” stated Mike Kirkness, CEO of 3Helix Inc. “We look forward to the intense collaboration in the coming years and welcome BASF to the 3Helix Board of Directors.” “With this partnership, BASF continues to demonstrate our investment in open innovation and expand our innovative offerings to our customers,” said Dr. Marina Safont Sempere, Director of New Business Models & Digital Officer, Care Chemicals at BASF. “3Helix’s results from laboratory trials are very encouraging and show the potential of this new innovation for the personal care market.” The partnership between BASF and 3Helix is a further example of how BASF’s Care Chemicals division is addressing future challenges. Sustainability, digitalization, innovation, and new approaches to working together are the key cornerstones of Care 360° – Solutions for Sustainable Life. For further information visit: www.care-chemicals.basf.com.

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

Evonik Launches Sustainable ® ECOHANCE SoftBaobab Oil for Natural Cosmetic Formulations High-quality baobab oil sourced in collaboration with UNCCD and the Great Green Wall Initiative is the latest addition to Evonik’s ECOHANCE® program for next-generation alternative feedstocks.

vonik has launched a sustainable baobab oil sourced from the Sahel region of Ghana as the latest product in its ECOHANCE® program. ECOHANCE® Soft Baobab is refined from the non-edible seeds of the baobab fruit and can be used in a wide range of natural cosmetic formulations such as hand creams, hair conditioners and body butters. In cooperation with the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), Evonik is supporting the Great Green Wall Initiative, which ensures that the sourcing of the baobab oil protects the local ecosystem and supports social and economic pro jects in the region. ECOHANCE® Soft Baobab was recently certified by the FairWild™ Foundation. ECOHANCE® Soft Baobab is the latest addition to Evonik’s ECOHANCE® program, which offers circular solutions to help the cosmetics industry move its operations and solutions into the safe operating space of the planetary boundaries. As part of Evonik’s life sciences division, Nutrition & Care, the company’s Care Solutions business serves as a preferred sustainable specialties partner to the cosmetic industry, helping companies to reduce their carbon footprint and increase their ecological and social handprint along the entire value chain. “Sustainability drives us and collaboration defines us! ECOHANCE® Soft Baobab is a perfect example of how we uphold our core values of environmental and social responsibility. We've partnered with strong allies to build a brand-new supply chain, which allows our cosmetic customers to meet the growing de-

mand for sustainable, high-performing natural pro ducts,” said Yann d'Hervé, head of Evonik's Care Solutions business line. The FairWild Foundation certifies companies and products according to 11 principles and 29 criteria that address ecological, social and economic requirements for sustainable wild collection. By being FairWild certified, ECOHANCE® Soft Baobab demonstrates traceable and transparent supply chains. FairWild™ certification requires annual onsite visits by authorised certification bodies. Baobab trees grow on poor soil, and tolerate heat and drought, making them essential vegetation for the Sahel and helping to prevent desertification. The wild harvest baobab fruits are traceable down to the collector. Evonik’s ECOHANCE® program was started in 2019 to provide circular solutions for the cosmetic industry. The goal of ECOHANCE® is to ensure the multiplication and improvement of next-generation alternative feedstocks, considering the entire life cycle of solutions, without compromising on performance. The launch of ECOHANCE® Soft Baobab follows the launch of ECOHANCE® Care PS3, an emulsifier based entirely on olive oil residues, and ECOHANCE® Remo XP, an eco-friendly multifunctional thickener. The Care Solutions business at Evonik places sustainability at the center of all its activities, from sourcing, production and innovative processes to capital expenditure and M&A decisions. For the cosmetics markets, Care Solutions provides specialist in concepts for skin care, sun care, color cosmetics, hair care, skin cleansing, active ingredients, alternative preservation and product stabilization.

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

Oleon Health and Beauty Reflects on Mintel’s Top Beauty and Personal Care Trends for 2024

Trend forecasting and new product development remain important catalysts in driving growth for brands and manufacturers.

leon Health and Beauty, a global supplier of specialist chemicals and ingredients to the personal care and beauty industry, understands the importance of tracking the latest consu mer trends and market movements to support brands and manufacturers in new product development. “At this time of global uncertainty, we continue to see significant impacts around economic and political instability, the growth in AI, and the lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic,” Ine Matthé, Pro duct Manager at Oleon Health and Beauty says. “The ability to have our finger on the pulse of the sector not only allows us to adapt our product solutions to new and emerging trends and technologies but, critically, gives us a better understanding of their impact on new product development for our customers. It allows us to ask, ‘What comes next?’ ‘How can I bring this trend to life for my brand’ or ‘How can I effectively prioritize which trends offer the greatest opportunity for growth?’ “Mintel’s most recent report for 2024, Global Beauty and Personal Care Trends calls out three trends we believe are reflective of the changing dynamic in the beauty and personal care industry,” Ine notes. The first trend unpacks the interconnected relati onship between mental well-being and physical appearance under the banner ‘NeuroGlow’. It highlights the importance of focusing on a comprehensive approach to beauty: not only improving physical appe arance but measuring its impact on mental well-being through championing current challenges in the sector, such as inclusivity, diversity, personalization, and body positivity. “Mind-body wellness is entrenched in our company DNA and has a direct bearing on product development: How we approach the multifunctionality of a product and embrace body positivity across gender, race, and age. In addition, we are continually developing innovative products to assist microbiome and skin barrier health by focusing on how uncompromised skin can impact self-esteem and confidence,” Ine explains. The second trend is linked to AI – which is revolutionizing the beauty industry by accelerating pro duct development and promoting inclusivity. “We are seeing brands innovate at large scale with AI systems that can identify sustainable product al-

ternatives to replace harmful ingredients in cosmetics. This resonates with us. We now have an innovative enzymatic esterification plant where ingredients are produced with sustainability in mind. We distinguish this enzymatically produced product range by the tag “ACT” because we act towards a greener future by reducing greenhouse gas emissions,” Ine points out. The third trend reflects on paradigm shift as consumers demand effective, high-quality products that prioritize efficacy and functionality over extravagant packaging and flashy marketing campaigns. “The Sophisticated Simplicity trend emphasizes the quality of ingredients, the effectiveness of products, and the reassurance of simplicity. Our Jolee® brand consists of high-quality products that reflect this commitment by cutting out the noise and enabling formulators to develop multi-functional products that can be used in body, face, and hair care with an impressive sensory and textural feel, lightness, and bounce,” Ine concludes. For further information visit: www.oleonhealthandbeauty.com

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

NutraFood Poland – the Only Fair in Poland Dedicated to Dietary Supplements and Functional Food Everyone connected with the nutraceutical industry will meet on April 16-18, 2024.

he next edition of the International Nutraceuticals & Functional Food Exhibition promises to be even more unique and record-breaking. Interest in the event continues to be high following the last edition, allowing the organizers to anti cipate the participation of even 150 exhibitors and thousands of visitors. Everyone connected with the nutraceutical industry will meet on April 16-18, 2024, at EXPO XXI Warsaw. The title partner of the fair is KSM-66 Ashwagandha.

What contributes to the success of NutraFood Poland?

NutraFood Poland is the first and only business event in Poland entirely dedicated to the nutraceutical sector. The fair showcases both raw materials and food additives, as well as final products such as food, functional beverages, dietary supplements, and other health-promoting items. The growing popula rity of dietary supplements stems from the increasing consumer awareness, who, in addition to ecological products, pay attention to clean compositions and certified food, also seeking supplements that will complement their daily diet for health reasons. NutraFood Poland is part of the largest B2B food fair in Poland – WorldFood Poland. For manufacturers, it is an excellent opportunity to find new or alternative suppliers of raw materials, food additives, and dietary supplements. The fair covers a wide range of products, from dietary supplements, nutraceuticals, pharmaceutical products to functional food and beverages, raw materials for production, natural supplements, food flavors, edible oils, vitamin sweets, hemp products, to dyes, energy bars, and prebiotics.

Stand out from the competition by participating in the fair

Every manufacturer or distributor who would like their products to reach a wide sales network in the

Polish and European market has the opportunity to participate as exhibitors at the NutraFood Poland fair, stand reservations are still ongoing. Contact the organizers: info@nutrafood.pl. It is worth noting that re gular exhibitors return to the NutraFood fair, including: ForMeds Sp. z o.o., Puerfil, Pfannenschmidt GmbH, K.-W., Bart Sp. z o.o., Protec Nutra, Elena – Kolagenum, KSM66 Ashwagandha, Harke Polska, Olivit, Amita Health Care, SIRIO PHARMA, Skyherb, Alu Lids, ActivLab.

What else at the fair?

During the exhibition, in cooperation with partners PK Components and the Polish Council of Supplements and Nutritional Products (KRSiO), numerous presentations, lectures, and debates are held. Topics include trends, functional ingredients, and changes in the law regarding the advertising of dietary supplements. For the second time, Golden Medal Competition of the NutraFood Poland fair will be organized, in which jury, experts in the field of dietary supplements and organic food from the Polish Council of Supplements and Nutritional Products, will select the most valuable products of the exhibitors. The winners will not only receive a trophy but also the opportunity to use the designation for promotional purposes of the brand. During the NutraFood Poland fair, business meetings are also held in a specially arranged area for matchmaking. In the previous edition, there were 260 meetings with fair exhibitors with buyers from retail chains representing, among others: Jeronimo Martins Drogerie i Farmacja – HEBE, Dr. Max pharmacy chain, Gemini, Empik, and Carrefour. The Nutrafood Poland fair is an excellent opportunity to establish valuable business contacts, exchan ge experiences, and become acquainted with the latest achievements in the field of functional food and dietary supplements. See you there! For further information visit: https://nutrafood.pl/en/

Nutramedic International Nutraceuticals &Cosmetics & Functional Food Exhibition

Gateway to Polish Nutraceuticals & Functional Food industry Join us and create the future together 16 - 18 April 2024 | EXPO XXI Warsaw www.nutrafood.pl

info@nutrafood.pl

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

ACG Joins Coveted List of WEF’s Global Lighthouse Network Capsule facility in Pithampur, Madhya Pradesh demonstrates excellence in technology enabled operations that transform value chains.

CG, the world’s largest integrated supplier and service provider to pharmaceutical indust ry celebrated the inclusion of its capsule manufacturing facility in Pithampur, India, into the este emed Global Lighthouse Network (GLN) by the World Economic Forum. WEF’s Global Lighthouse Network is a community of manufacturers which shows leadership in using Fourth Industrial Revolution techno logies to transform factories, value chains and business models, for compelling financial and operational returns. Remarkably, the GLN has experienced exponential growth since its inception, expanding from 16 to 153 lighthouses. This initiative is a collaboration between WEF and Mckinsey & Company with independent panel of experts designating factories and value chains that join the GLN. The certification comes after robust audit of 25+ use cases for the facility, that have not only led to manufacturing of superior quality products but also, transformed operations creating new benchmarks for timely production. ACG’s Pithampur factory exemplifies accelerated deployment of GenAI, addressing the evolving skill sets of employees in manufacturing through a remarkable Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) and policy interfacing with Gen AI. Commenting on the recognition, Karan Singh, Ma naging Director of ACG Group said, “When ACG embarked on its journey to digital transformation, I recall how Industry 4.0, AI and ML were emerging con-

cepts. The focus was directed toward deploying the se technologies to enhance productivity and transform the way we operate; aiming to ultimately enhance accessibility to affordable medicines. With an ambitious and dedicated team, we forged a collective commitment to raise the bar of excellence in delivering high quality capsules worldwide.” He further added, “6 years into the journey, I am filled with pride as my team paves a path for leading advance manufacturing and securing a position in the World Economic Forum's prestigious community of Global Lighthouses. This certification is a testament to our commitment to excellence and creating new benchmarks of facilities that are operating on the leading edge of technological innovation. In time to come, we envision taking the learnings and success from this facility to scaling global operations collectively to make it better for our partners, customers, regulators and eventually the pharmaceutical ecosystem.” Known for its many accolades, ACG’s Pithampur factory had incorporated green features right during the design and layout stages marking a pioneer achievement as they were certified gold by LEED in 2014. Sharing valuable insights and expertise on the sta te-of-the-art technological advancements, Balajikasiram Sundararajan, Chief Digital Officer, ACG group added “Build the Future, ACG’s enterprise-wide digital transformation program is based on four strategic pillars - transforming operations, building smart connected products, enhancing customer experien ce, and developing digital led business models. Under the ambit of build the future, ACG has been actively developing and implementing state-of-theart solutions, powered by digital technologies ranging from Industrial IoT, machine learning, deep learning, generative AI, cloud computing, to digital twins, industrial robotics, and extended reality. Kiva Allgood, Head, Centre for Advanced Manufacturing and Supply Chains, World Economic Forum said "The Global Lighthouse Network exemplifies the power of digital transformation. Lighthouses are pioneering a path to unprecedented global impact, strategically weaving innovation throughout their ex pansive network – sculpting both a sustainable futu re and an era of transformative and lasting change.”

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

ACG Engineering Top Award for Sustainable Launches the Business SMARTCOATER Performance X•ONE Series ACG’s fastest tablet coater ensures optimised tablet coating.

Euromed receives EcoVadis platinum medal in recognition of its environmental, social and corporate governance efforts.

CG Engineering, a division of ACG, a leading supplier of integrated manufacturing solutions to the global pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries, is delighted to launch its new SMARTCOATER X•ONE series, the company’s fastest tablet coater to date. The SMARTCOATER X•ONE has been designed to make tablet coating extremely fast, with an extra emphasis on process speed, efficiency and operator ease. Its advanced baffle design ensures the quickest process times for batches from 10-100%. Features of the new coater include a unique airflow pattern for optimized drying, a fully perforated coating drum, closed dust-free charging, integrated discharge baffles, active purging temperature sensor, a high-performing sprayarm and a 2.0 spray nozzle which has been developed with an anti-bearding cap. It also incorporates ACG’s exclusive X•ONE command and control system, designed to facilitate compliance with cGMP standards. Rajesh Menon, Chief Technology Officer at ACG Engineering, said: “Our SMARTCOATER machines are already renowned for their innovative features and operator friendly designs. Now, after extensive research and development, we are excited to announce the launch of the X•ONE series. “Our quality-commitment philosophy means that the new machine has been crafted to achieve maximum efficiency and flexibility for superior tablet coating, across every process – from charging to coating, discharging to cleaning. Each and every cycle is now swifter, more streamlined and profitable.”

eading botanical ingredients producer Euromed has been awarded the EcoVadis platinum medal for sustainability, cementing the company's position among the top 1% of over 100,000 companies rated by EcoVadis in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemicals and botanical products. EcoVadis medals are awarded to businesses that demonstrate a robust management system addres sing sustainability goals. Euromed excelled in all four EcoVadis evaluation criteria: Environment, Ethics, Labour and Human Rights, and Sustainable Procurement. This award affirms Euromed's commitment to sustainability, which is reflected in its long-standing practices and ongoing innovative initiatives. Edgar Rojas, Chief Financial Officer at Euromed, says: “The platinum medal is a clear acknowledgment of the efforts that Euromed have been making for years in terms of Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance (ESG ) criteria. Sustainability dri ves all corporate decision-making and generates ma ximum impact for both the company and our stakeholders, which is directly manifested through our “Beyond Net-Zero” strategy plan. As a producer of natural botanical ingredients, our business model is strongly aligned with sustainability and we must the refore lead by example in the pursuit of a long-term positive impact. Addressing decarbonisation requi res a bold commitment and tenacious effort. Our success reflects the significant investments we have carried out to put sustainability at the heart of our strategy, which also involves employees, customers, suppliers and local communities, to achieve our goals.” For further information visit: www.euromedgroup.com

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

INSPIRATIONAL SUCCESS STORY

Ana Lilly Skincare We spoke with Ana Lilly, the founder of the cosmetic brand Anna Lilly, who wanted to create minimalistic but effective skincare specially created for sensitive skin. ■ How did it all start, what inspired you and what was the original idea? My journey in the cosmetic industry started 10 years ago when I started attending natural cosmetic workshops as I could not find anything that would work for my sensitive and itchy skin. I started making cosmetics for myself and my skin improved drastically. Quickly after that, I moved to California and as I started making cosmetics for myself my friends were very curious about that and kept asking me to make more. ■ What was needed from idea to realization? Soon I turned my garage into a home lab and made a webshop and started having my own little company. I stayed there for 5 years but at one point I really missed home and Europe and decided I would move back home. In the meantime, I started attending the Uk Formula Botanica school and I came across one Japanese brand that included serum with snow mushrooms. I was intrigued as I never heard of mushrooms in skincare and as I started researching studies I was very fascinated and really liked how my skin looked and felt. In Japan, they called them "beauty mushrooms" because of their anti-aging properties. It is now becoming increasingly popular in Western beauty, and some are even dubbing it as the “next hyaluronic acid.” The idea was to make minimalistic but effective skincare specially created for sensitive skin. To create products that will show results and leave skin ul-

tra-hydrated, relieved of irritation and with a youthful glow. ■ What products do you offer today, and where and how do you market them? Each serum can be applied alone but when you apply them together they create a light emulsion that leaves skin ultra-hydrated and naturally healthy. I moved back to Croatia, applied for economic stimulus and worked a year and a half on research and development. I would say dealing with Croatian bureaucracy was the hardest part of this journey. We sell them on a webshop and next year we are planning to add some new products. ■ Are you satisfied with what you've achieved and what are you most proud of? I'm satisfied with what I achieved and especially proud of my bestseller "Shroom serum“ as my custo mers love to call it the "queen of hydration" Lilly obrt za proizvodnju Ulica grada Vukovara 239a/2 Zagreb, Croatia Ana Lilly, Founder T. +385 97 6762 560 info@analilly.com https://analilly.com/ https://www.facebook.com/analillyskincare https://www.instagram.com/analilly_skincare/

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

medicinal plants photo herbarium

Wild Carrot Throughout history, various cultures have attributed medicinal properties to different parts - leaves, root and fruits - of the wild carrot plant.

he wild carrot (Daucus carota ssp. carota L.) is a versatile biennial herbaceous plant, typically standing at heights between 30 to 120 cm (1 to 4 ft). It boasts a rough, somewhat hairy texture, featuring a sturdy, solid stem. Its foliage, characterized by tripinnate leaves, exhibits intricate, lacy divisions, forming a triangular outline. These bristly leaves, measuring 5–15 cm (2–6 in) long, alternate in a pinnate arrangement, separating into delicate segments. Its small, unassuming flowers, often a subdued white hue, gather in tightly-packed, flat clusters called umbels, which are about 8–15 cm (3–6 in) wide. Some variations might display a pinkish tinge in bud or even showcase a reddish or purple-hued "ruby" at the center of the umbel. Notably, the plant's lower bracts, three-forked or pinnate, serve as a distinguishing feature among white-flowered umbellifers. As the seeds within the plant mature, the umbel changes, curling at the edges, compacting, and acquiring a concave surface. Its small, dry, and uneven-

ly surfaced fruits, oval and flattened in shape, exhibit short styles and hooked spines. Surrounding these fruits are protective hairs, contributing to its overall defense mechanism. With two mericarps (or bicarpellate), the fruit's endosperm growth precedes that of the embryo. Following maturation, the dried umbels separate from the plant, transforming into tumbleweeds. Interestingly, the purpose of the minute red-hued flower, enriched by anthocyanin, is to attract insects, contributing to the plant's reproductive cycle. Wild carrots have thin, white roots with a bitter taste.

Habitat & cultivation

Native to temperate regions of Europe1 and southwest Asia, the plant was spread to North America and Australia. The plant is commonly found along roadsides and in unused fields. It thrives best in sun to partial shade

Nutramedic &Cosmetics TAXONOMY

kingdom: Plantae order: Apiales

family: Apiaceae genus: Daucus

species: Daucus carota L. common name

European wild carrot, bird's nest, bishop's lace, and Queen Anne's lace flowering time

V - IX month

Use for medicinal purposes

Traditional Medicinal Uses Throughout history, various cultures have attributed medicinal properties to different parts of the wild carrot plant. The root of Daucus carota has been used traditionally to aid digestion, offering relief from gas and bloating due to its purported carminative properties. Infusions or teas made from the plant's roots have been employed as diuretics, promoting urination and potentially supporting detoxification processes in the body. Some traditional remedies involve the utilization of wild carrot for respiratory issues, owing to its believed expectorant properties that assist in clearing mucus from the respiratory tract. Historically, wild carrot seeds have been associated with supporting menstrual health and used as a mild uterine stimulant. However, caution is advised, particularly during pregnancy. Various parts of the plant, particularly the seeds, contain antioxidants such as flavonoids and carotenoids, offering potential protective benefits against oxidative stress. Extracts from Daucus carota have been used topically for minor wounds or skin infections due to their believed antibacterial properties. Caution: This plant can cause contact dermatitis in some people.

Constituents

• phenolic acids, such as p-hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, and chlorogenic, • anthocyanins • isocoumarins • vitamin A, B i E • essential oil

Action and application

Used parts are leaves, root and fruits. The root is collected in the first year while it's young; otherwise, it becomes woody. It's eaten raw or cooked. The leaves have a pleasant scent similar to cultivated carrots and can be used as a seasoning in salads. The fruits are used to make liqueurs and marinades. Etherical oil has been studied for medicinal benefits. This study allowed a better understanding of the bioactivities of D. carota subsp. carota essential oil. The results showed that this oil had a significant activity towards the inhibition of Gram-positive bacteria, Cryptococcus neoformans, and dermatophytes. Importantly, the oil was also efficient in inhibiting the germ tube formation and the preformed biofilms of Candida albicans. Despite the oil exhibiting no considerable antiradical activity, it reduced about 20% NO release in LPS-stimulated macrophages, at concentrations devoid of toxicity to these cells. It is reasonable to conclude that concentrations lower than 0.64 μL/mL present a safety profile for different human cell types unveiling the potential application of the essential oil for therapeutical purposes, with a special focus on fungal infections associated with a proinflammatory status. Further experiments disclosing the mechanism of action and in vivo tests are of utmost importance to further support the benefit and safety of D. carota subsp. carota essential oil3.

References: 1

Spellenberg, Richard (2001) [1979]. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers: Western Region (rev ed.). Knopf. p. 338. ISBN 978-0-375-40233-3.

https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/daucus-carota/

Alves-Silva JM, Zuzarte M, Gonçalves MJ, et al. New Claims for Wild Carrot (Daucus carota subsp. carota) Essential Oil. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:9045196. doi:10.1155/2016/ 9045196

Nutramedic &Cosmetics

Green Technology for Vidya Europe Vidya Europe, the French subsidiary of the international Vidya Herbs group, has inaugurated a new industrial unit using eco-friendly supercritical CO2 technology. This project has been financed by the French Government.

idya Europe specialises in the development, manufacture and distribution of plant extracts and ingredients for the Nutraceuticals, Food, Animal Nutrition/Petfood and Cosmetics industries. To strengthen its development, this subsidiary of the Indian group Vidya Herbs is bolstering its green technology industrial facilities. This year, it acquired an innovative production facility based on supercritical fluid extraction technology. Thanks to support from the France Relance programme, a brand new 1,400 m2 unit has been built. This unit, which can process up to 3x400-litres at a pressure of 1,000 bars, will be dedicated to the manufacture of innovative, solvent-free and organic plant extracts. This very rare piece of equipment will be accompanied by similar smaller-scale facilities to enable the company to develop and produce smaller quantities with much higher added value. As part of its development and to enhance its extraction expertise, the company intends to streng then its position by mastering green technologies.

Towards more natural and sustainable products

Strong trends in health, well-being and healthier, more sustainable food are increasingly reflected in consumer behaviour. Initially confined to the Nutraceuticals sector, where products concentrated in active ingredients reinforce, compensate for and enrich the diet, this need for more natural, naturefriendly products now extends to the agri-food, animal feed, pet food and cosmetics sectors. The Vidya Herbs group and its subsidiaries, including Vidya Europe, have been part of this funda-

mental trend since its creation, and are major players in the manufacture and distribution of plant extracts, and one of the pioneers of organic extracts.

The new factory

Located near Chartres, the new plant, supported by the French government, is set in a bucolic setting covering an area of 1,400 m². It includes 5-, 25- and 3x400-litre supercritical CO2 extraction units, capable of working at pressures of up to 1,000 bars. Equipped with all the associated accessories, this unit can develop and produce solvent-free biological lipid extracts. The 3x400-litre unit enables mass production, while the smaller units enable very high added-value production.

Vidya Europe

Vidya Europe is the European subsidiary of the Indian group Vidya Herbs, based in Eure et Loir (production units) and in the south-west Paris region (head office, Research & Innovation centre and logistics platform). This international group was founded in 2000 by Mr Shyamprasad Kodimule, who is currently its CEO. Vidya Herbs specialises in the production and distribution of plant-based ingredients and active ingredients for the B2B market. The company has a total of fifteen production facilities in India, France, the United States and Japan, as well as a worldwide commercial presence. Vidya Herbs is recognised as one of the world leaders in turmeric and plays a significant role in the coffee sector. For further information visit: https://vidyaeurope.com/

In Croatian pharmacies since 2009