Nearly two-thirds of people (59%) wouldn’t feel confident enough to try to save a life A quarter (24%) would do nothing and wait for an ambulance to arrive or hope that a Com passer-by knows first m lack on Caus aid. es of Chok of n First eedl ing Aid ess d Hear eath t not from b eatin Blee g ding Hear t att ack Bloc ked Airw ay
What can you do to tell if a person is breathing? - Cut a gap in their neck. - Chuck water over them. - Poke them. What would you do if your friend burnt their hand? - Cut it off. - Put sand on it. - Stick them in the freezer for one minute. These were genuine answers from a group of teens…
Beth Chesney-Evans, believes her son might be alive today if he had been given basic first aid. Guy Evans died in August 2008, when he was 17, after his motorcycle crashed near his home in Didcot, Oxfordshire. ‘Guy didn’t die because of a terrible head injury or massive internal bleeding. He had no injuries at all but died because his heart apparently stopped and he couldn’t breathe – and those are conditions that first aid is designed to deal with before the ambulance arrives.’
Think safety first, eliminate any possible dangers to yourself, before moving on to stage 2
Assess the situation. Are there any dangers? yes no
Assess the casualty. Is the casualty conscious? Does the casualty respond?
Treat the casualty and dial 999 or 112 for an
yes
ambulance if necessary no
Shout for help. Open the airway. Is the casualty breathing normally?
Check for severe bleeding before placing in the
yes
no
Dial 999 or 112 for an ambulance or send a helper to do it . If you are alone and your casualty has drowned or is an infant or child resuscitate them for 1 minute before leaving to call for an Ambulance.
Perform CPR
Three Letters that can restart someone’s heart
After following DR ABC if you find your casualty has no pulse you should start CPR (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation). It’s as simple as calling a CAB.
hest compressions using both hands.
In recent news, 9-yearold Tristan saved his sister's life after she fell into a pool and was pulled out not breathing. He snapped into action and revived her using CPR he learned from a movie on television.
Roughly 30 to a depth of 5-6cm at a rate if 100-120 compressions per minute irways need to be checked
reathing Give two rescue breaths then go back to the chest compressions
The recovery position is used to maintain an unconscious casualty, who is breathing, in a safe position that allows them to breath more easily.
152,000 people are affected by strokes everyday. For your brain to function, it needs a constant blood supply, which provides vital nutrients and oxygen to the brain cells. A stroke happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off and brain cells are damaged or die.
Severe Wounds 1.
Apply direct pressure to the wound and elevate the wound above heart level
Minor Wounds 1.
Clean the wound using an antibacterial wipe
2.
Prevent shock by lying the casualty down with their legs raised
2.
Cover the wound with a sterile gauze
3.
3.
Elevate and support the injury above heart level
Apply an appropriate dressing to firmly control the bleeding and minimise the risk of infection
4.
Advise the casualty to visit their doctor if there is a high risk of infection
4.
If blood comes through the dressing apply another one on top
5.
Call 999
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Choking is where instead of swallowing food down the food pipe, or oesophagus, it is diverted down the windpipe, or trachea. It is serious business with 218 fatalities a year just from the simple everyday activity of eating! Encourage them to cough. If this doesn’t clear the obstruction, support their upper body with one hand and help them lean forward Give up to five sharp back blows between their shoulder blades with the heel of your hand If the obstruction has not cleared, stand behind them and put both arms around the upper part of the abdomen Clench your fist and place it between the navel and the bottom of their breastbone Grasp your fist firmly with your other hand Pull sharply inwards and upwards up to five times If this doesn’t clear the obstruction repeat backslaps and abdominal thrusts up to three times If it still hasn’t cleared, call 999/112 for emergency help.
Ask the casualty to sit down Advise them to tilt their head forwards to allow the blood to drain from the nostrils Ask the casualty to breathe through their mouth (this will also have a calming effect) and to pinch the soft part of the nose Tell the casualty to keep pinching their nose Advise them not to speak, swallow, cough, spit or sniff because this may disturb blood clots that may have formed in the nose After 10 minutes, tell the casualty to release the pressure. If the bleeding has not stopped, tell them to reapply the pressure for two further periods of 10 minutes
Immediately get the person away from the heat source to stop the burning. Cool the burn with cool or lukewarm water for 1030 minutes. Do not use ice, iced water or any creams or greasy substances, such as butter. Remove any clothing or jewellery that is near the burnt area of skin, but do not move anything that is stuck to the skin. Make sure the person keeps warm – for example by using a blanket – but take care not to rub it against the burnt area. Cover the burn by placing a layer of cling film over it.
About 25% of us have an allergy. For most of us, this is simply annoying. But some times allergies can be incredibly extreme and lead to fatality. Allergies are more common in children and young adults thus it is important you know how to identify an allergic reaction. Allergies affect different people different ways. But common reactions include: Itchy, watery eyes Runny, sneezy nose Coughing Wheeze (a high pitched sound when we breathe out) Rashes (most commonly blotches or little red bumps)
If you identify any of these symptoms depending on the severity either call 111 for advice from the NHS or call for an ambulance.
Can You find the 17 First Aid related words in the wordsearch?
This condition has similar recognition features to a heart attack . However an angina attack starts as a result of exercise or exertion and usually goes away with rest.
Collectively, heart and circulatory diseases cause more than a quarter of all deaths in the UK, accounting for more than 159,000 deaths each year. The cost of premature death, lost productivity, hospital treatment and prescriptions is estimated at ÂŁ19 billion.
A heart attack is most commonly caused by a sudden blockage of the blood supply to the heart muscle itself, for example a blood clot. The main risk is that the heart will stop beating.
Sit them in the 'W' position Call 999 and tell ambulance you suspect a heart attack If available and not allergic, give them a 300mg aspirin tablet to chew slowly If they have any medication for angina, such as tablets or a spray, assist them to take it Constantly monitor and record breathing and pulse rate, until help arrives
Make space around them; a Remove potentially dangerous items Note the time when the seizure started If possible, protect the casualty's head by placing soft padding underneath it
Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain in which clusters of nerve cells (or neurones) send off abnormal electrical signals. This can cause involuntary contraction of the muscles (a fit)
izure, or on’s first se rs e p e th is inutes than five m You know it re o m r fo s continue The seizure
Can you rearrange all 9 letters to make a word?
E E R Y MG N E C