3. PUBLIC OPINION ON THE 10-YEAR ROUTE

In September 2022, YouGov conducted an opinion poll with 1,846 adults in the UK to determine the extent to which they would support or oppose changes to a number of the 10-year route elements. Assuming that most respondents would not be aware of the policy, the survey briefly defined the 10-year route, including who is likely to be placed on the route, the reasons people may be placed on the route and the difference between the five-year route and the 10-year route. Eight questions introduced the reader to different aspects of the 10-year route and elicited their views about them. We explored the following.

• The length of the route.

• Whether certain groups should be allowed to apply for settlement sooner than 10 years.

• Frequency of visa renewals.

• The cost of the route.

• Application processing times.

• Whether fees should be means-tested.

• The extent to which people felt the current time and visa requirements for people on the 10-year route are about right or should be changed.

• Access to benefits.

On the issue of application processing times, the public is largely in agreement that these should be shorter. A significant majority (81 per cent) think that visa renewals should take two months or less. This is in stark comparison to the 10-month average waiting time that applicants are currently facing (Home Office 2022c).

Close to half (45 per cent) think that the £1,048 visa fee is too high. The remainder think that they are about right (28 per cent), too low (12 per cent) or are not sure (15 per cent). Almost half also agree that visa fees should be adjusted so that those on lower incomes pay less (47 per cent). The remainder believe that everyone should have to pay the same regardless of income (38 per cent) or are not sure (16 per cent).

Almost half (48 per cent) of the public agree that people on a 10-year route should have access to welfare benefits if they need them. A third of respondents disagree (33 per cent), and 19 per cent said, ‘don’t know’.

It is important to note that the sequence of survey questions may have influenced respondents – for instance, when answering questions about the length of the route and frequency of renewals, respondents were not made aware of the cost of applications, as this information was introduced in a later question.

By the close of the survey, when respondents had more information about different aspects of the 10-year route, over half (51 per cent) agreed that either i) the costs and/or frequency of visa renewals should be reduced (23 per cent); ii) the requirement to live in the UK for 10 years prior to settlement should be reduced (9 per cent); or iii) that both the 10-year period and the costs/frequency of visa renewals should be reduced (19 per cent). A quarter felt that the current arrangements were about right, and the remainder were not sure. While it is a nuanced picture, taken as a whole, polling results suggest that there would currently be public support for change to at least some aspects of the route – in particular, on application processing times, the cost of the route, and access to welfare benefits. These findings reflect research highlighting strong public support for a rules-based immigration system which exercises compassion and fairness and facilitates people’s long-term settlement and integration (Ford and Morris 2022).