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contents
inside
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ILLUMINATED RESEARCH
Dr. Raphael Mechoulam talks about his experiences studying cannabis in Israel and what he thinks about being called the “father of THC.”
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46 features 30
Industry Insider Brendan Kennedy of Privateer Holdings believes that cannabis business is another form of activism.
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Cannabis Improves Life Let cannabis mend our lives through thoughtfulness, health, unity and legalization.
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Go Green Get festive with a one-of-a-kind recipe on Irish Colcannon, complete with cannabis infusion to spice up your St. Patrick’s Day.
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A Light in the Dark Porter Ray’s life experiences have allowed him to create uniquely layered vibes.
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Creative Modest Marvel Francis Alao is a self-taught visual artist from the Philippines whose unique style expresses the beautiful culture and community of Seattle.
departments
Online Exclusive!
news 10 News Nuggets 11 By the Numbers 12 Local News 14 Legal Corner reviews 16 Strain Reviews 18 Cool Stuff 20 Entertainment Reviews in every issue 43 Shooting Gallery 44 Growing Culture 46 Destination Unknown
Help You Kick Tobacco
47 Profile in Courage 48 Recipes 52 News of the Weird
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d Study Shows Cannabis Can
d The DEA Quietly Removes
Cannabis Health Risks from Website
Vol 8 IssUE 9
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CULTURE M
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Publisher Jeremy Zachary Editor-In-Chief Evan Senn associate Editor Ashley Bennett managing editor Jamie Solis Editorial Contributors Matthew Abel, Benjamin Adams, Sheryll Alexander, Marguerite Arnold, Jake Browne, Cole Garrison, Jasen T. Davis, Alex Distefano, David Downs, Keira Fae, Natasha Guimond, Addison Herron-Wheeler, Pamela Jayne, M. Jay, Heather Johnson, Kevin Longrie, Emily Manke, Meital Manzuri, Sandy Moriarty, Madison Ortiz, Denise Pollicella, R. Scott Rappold, Paul Rogers, Ed Rosenthal, Lanny Swerdlow, Jefferson Van Billiard, Simon Weedn, Laurie Wolf, Zara Zhi Photographers Kristen Angelo, Steve Baker, Kristopher Christensen, John Gilhooley, Joel Meaders, Tonya Perme, Duncan Rolfson, Josué Rivas Art Director Steven Myrdahl production manager Tommy LaFleur Graphic Designer Tanya Delgadillo sales director Justin Olson Account Executives Jon Bookatz, Greg Borland, Alex Brizicky, Eric Bulls, Kim Cook, Cole Garrison, Beau Odom, Gloria Santiago, Garry Stalling, Chris Walker, Vic Zaragoza general Manager Iris Norsworthy Office Assistant Angelina Thompson digital content manager David Edmundson Ctv Contributors Quinn Marie Intern Kiara Manns Distribution Manager Cruz Bobadilla
Culture® Magazine is published every month and distributes magazines at over 600 locations throughout Washington. No articles, illustrations, photographs, or other matter within may be reproduced without written permission. Culture® Magazine is a registered trademark. All rights reserved. 815 1st Ave | #220 Seattle | Washington | 98104 Phone 888.694.2046 | Fax 888.694.2046 www.iReadCulture.com
CULTURE® Magazine is printed using post-recycled paper.
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NEWS
nuggetS Two Cannabis Retail Stores to Open in Fife Under Special Circumstances
The city of Fife has an ordinance that bans all sales of cannabis within city limits. However, due to unique circumstances, the city will soon be home to two legal retail stores. One store is owned by the Puyallup Tribe of Indians and is located on tribal property, so it will not be affected by the current ban. The tribe signed a compact in January 2015 that allowed it to open up a cannabis testing lab, and the compact was later expanded to include the allowance of tribal cannabis sales as well. The other store recently settled a lawsuit with the city of Fife under the agreement that the owner would pay $35,000 toward the city’s attorney fees. In a Fife City Council meeting, a few councilmembers felt that both of these instances “forced their hand” on the issue to overrule the city’s ban. However support from Councilmember Dee-Dee Gethers commented that they should try to work with the new stores, “Fife is a small town, and we have some reservations about policing and the crime. Now that other cities like ours and even bigger haven’t experienced that, so we’re here. Let’s move forward.” Both retail stores have plans to open sometime this month.
Recreational Cannabis is Officially Legal in Maine After a long, grueling battle between cannabis advocates and the opposition, Question 1 has gone into effect in the state of Maine. Passed by a narrow margin of voters in Maine back in November 2016, adults can now legally possess cannabis in the state. “The portion of the law that allows persons over 21 years to grow six mature plants and possess 2.5 ounces became effective on January 30, 2017,” the Maine State Legislature website reports. “A 17-member special legislative committee, co-chaired by Sen. Roger Katz and Rep. Teresa Pierce, has been formed to address the complex issues surrounding full implementation of the law.” Obtaining recreational cannabis in Maine has been quite a battle for advocates. In addition to Maine Gov. Paul LePage openly opposing Question 1 from its inception, opponents fought for a recount once the voting margin was reported to be 50.26 percent of people voting “yes” versus 49.74 percent voting against the bill. Ultimately, the recount effort was defeated. While Question 1 does allow for social cannabis clubs, the state will consult its special committee to develop rules and regulations for potential businesses before that becomes a reality.
King County Studies Local Impacts of Cannabis Through a research grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, King County will soon begin working on a study to learn about what kind of effects local cannabis policies have on consumers. The study will attempt to answer questions about how restrictions or bans on cannabis sales affect the use of cannabis by teens, as well as investigating how cannabis use affects the overall health of consumers. The principal investigator of the study, Dr. Julia Dilley, is prepared to discover useful information that can help improve the understanding of cannabis. “Public Health–Seattle & King County team members bring unique public health legal expertise to our study,” Dilley said. “This expertise, coupled with their experience in building a policy surveillance system to track policies over time, is critical to understanding the role that local governments can play in keeping their communities healthy. As a result, our study will help to specifically identify ‘best practices’ for policies that regulate marijuana to protect youth and public safety.”
Swedish Agency Approves Medical Cannabis for Two Patients The Läkemedelsverket or Medical Product Agency (MPA) of Sweden has made a notable decision in approving its first two patients for medical cannabis. Both patients suffer from severe back injuries and are the first with such a condition to be allowed to medicate with cannabis in the country. Currently, cannabis is regarded as an illegal substance by the Swedish government, with medical cannabis only allowed on a rare, case-by-case basis. “Every single license application, whether it's about cannabis preparations or not, go through a special assessment process, i.e. every case is assessed individually and there is no general view of license applications for cannabis plant parts,” according to the MPA. This decision marks an important step forward in the progression of accepting cannabis as a legitimate means of medical treatment in Sweden. The cannabis given to the patients will be supplied by the same Dutch company that the Swedish government uses to perform research. (Kiara Manns) 10
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The amount of money, in millions of dollars, that retail cannabis stores in Spokane County made from cannabis products during (Source: The Spokesman-Review) the month of January:
The amount of money, in millions of dollars, that the Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board is paying two Department of Agriculture employees to test for pesticides at a newly opened testing lab in Yakima: (Source: KAPP-TV)
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The amount of money, in millions of dollars, that Washington State is projected to collect in recreational cannabis revenue between 2017 and 2019: (Source: Bellingham Herald)
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The average price, in dollars, that it currently costs to purchase one gram of cannabis flower in Washington: (Source: Forbes)
The percentage of retail sales that reflect an increase in 2016 compared to the previous year’s retail sales: (Source: Spokane Journal)
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The approximate amount of money, in billions of dollars, that was spent on legal cannabis in North America in 2016: (Source: Entrepreneur)
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The number of medical cannabis studies that have been recently approved for federal funding by a new measure in Israel: (Source: Globes)
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The number of patients that have enrolled in the medical cannabis program in New Jersey: (Source: NJ.com)
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The amount of money, in thousands of dollars, that Minnesota’s Office of Medical Cannabis is requesting to fund the state’s patient registry and inspection of the state’s medical cannabis manufacturers: (Source: CBS Minnesota)
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Spannabis: Feria de Cáñamo WHAT: Spannabis: Feria de Cáñamo. WHEN/WHERE: Fri, March 10-Sun, March 12. Fira de Cornellá, Carrer Tirso de Molina 34 St., Cornellà de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. INFO: Visit spannabis.com for details. La Feria de Cáñamo, or The Hemp Fair in English, calls to all who look to indulge in cannabis culture beyond their everyday environment. Take your love of cannabis to a global scale by embarking on a destination vacation to Barcelona, Spain for Spannabis. This year’s Spannabis Hemp Fair will join ranks with The World Cannabis Conferences to bring the audience a four-part perspective on how the cannabis conversation finds its way into international, national, scientific and medicinal hemispheres. Audience members are encouraged to participate in the debate or interact with
the speakers. Spannabis will provide guests over 200 booths and exhibits to explore. Businesses in attendance include those who focus on bringing development and technology to cannabis agriculture such as HydroGarden and Biobizz. Be sure to stop by The International Cannabis and Cannabinoids Institute’s display, which demonstrates how the Institute strives to establish an international standardization of data for cannabis research. Enjoy several kinds of cuisines that will be provided by various food vendors with the wide range of cannabis fans from across the world. (Kiara Manns) iReadCULTURE.com
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NEWS
LOCAL
HempCrete Workshop with Hemp Technologies
Buyer’s Opportunity Uncle Ike’s and Main Street Marijuana on sale for $50 million by Emily Manke
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ashington State cannabis giants Uncle Ike’s and Main Street Marijuana have partnered to go on sale together as one, for $50 million. The unprecedented move, announced in mid-January, has caused quite a stir. The future of the Uncle Ike’s/Main Street Marijuana merger and sale will be an indicator for the rest of the cannabis industry in Washington. If the two stores can pull it off, and find a buyer with that kind of capital, it will be a huge message to those in favor of cannabis prohibition. But at this point, that’s a pretty big “if.” Uncle Ike’s and Main Street Marijuana are Washington State’s foremost cannabis powerhouses. As the two highest grossing cannabis retailers in Washington State, if anyone can command a $50 million price tag, it’s these two retailers. Uncle Ike’s owns three cannabis retailers, all in Seattle. The three locations are in the Central District, White Center and Capitol Hill. Main Street Marijuana cashed in on the Oregon border market pre-legalization with three locations in Southwest Washington. In January of 2017, Main Street Marijuana was the top selling retailer in Washington State, selling $1.3 million worth of cannabis. Uncle Ike’s came in at second for January, with over $800,000 in sales. With those impressive numbers, it’s no wonder why Main Street Marijuana owner Ramsey Hamide and Uncle Ike’s owner Ian
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Eisenberg are so confident in their asking price. Hamide spoke with some press about the sale, and why he feels the price is a fair one. “Collectively, between us, we did $50 million in revenue last year,” Hamide said. “It’s realistically priced for the right buyer. Whether anyone is going to come forward with the uncertainty with [President Donald] Trump and [U.S. Attorney General Jeff] Sessions, I don’t know.” The steep price and uncertainty surrounding the current administration aren’t the only obstacles for these two sellers. First, Washington State currently only allows a single individual or company to own up to three cannabis business licenses. This would create an obvious issue for any solo buyer looking to purchase all of those businesses. Although, the owners have expressed that they are willing to sell each business separately to the right buyer. Another issue with the sale? Washington State only allows residents to own and operate cannabis businesses. Currently, some legislation is making the rounds in Olympia that may open the market up to out-of-state investors. This development may have been a catalyst for the sale. “The prospect that the state is going to allow out-of-state investment is a big deal,” Eisenberg said. “The idea of opening it up to out of state investment is concerning.” When asked if he’d sell to out-of-state investors, Eisenberg answered, “I’d rather not but if it becomes legal, sure.” This sale, along with so much else in the cannabis industry, is up in the air at the moment. It seems that we will just have to wait and see what the future holds for Washington State’s cannabis industry. c
For those who haven’t heard, hempcrete is an alternative, eco-friendly material used for construction. Like other plant products, hemp takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, making it the perfect material for those who are conscious of humankind’s carbon footprint on the planet. Join companies Hemp Technologies and Hemp Ace for a uniquely designed workshop that will teach the science behind hempcrete and give participants the opportunity to hand-mix their own hempcrete! The class will be led by industry leaders and professional instructors, who will dive into the fascinating story behind hempcrete. The presentation will also include other healthy construction procedures for the home and the details of processing infrastructure. A small continental breakfast and lunch will be provided to the attendees of the Hempcrete Workshop during the five-hour class. (Kiara Manns) WHAT: HempCrete Workshop. WHERE/WHEN: Tues, March 14. Location revealed upon ticket purchase., Edmonds. INFO: Check out hempcreteworks.com for details.
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NEWS
LEGAL CORNER
Banking and Business
WA legislators propose ban on Bitcoin currency by Hilary Bricken
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t seems that I am always getting pitched on “creative solutions” to the cannabis industry’s banking problem. Because cannabis is still federally illegal, most banks will not provide financial services to cannabis businesses, even though FinCEN issued guidelines to allow financial institutions to provide bank accounts to the state-legal cannabis businesses. Many tout Bitcoin as the solution. Bitcoin is viewed as the world’s first completely decentralized currency. Unlike the dollar, the euro, the yuan, etc., no central government manages or backs Bitcoin. It is also called a “cryptocurrency”—a digital currency that uses encrypted services to generate units of the currency and to transfer funds. Using a Bitcoin wallet enables customers and businesses to engage in transactions without using paper currency and without going through an intermediary institution like a bank. Its chief appeal to the cannabis industry is that it allows for currency transfers with little to no need for a bank. There are significant issues involved with using Bitcoin in the cannabis industry, and law enforcement associates Bitcoin with the illegal
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narcotics trade (see the Silk Road). At the beginning of January, Washington State Senator Ann Rivers (who was instrumental in securing passage of SB-5052, which essentially wound down Washington’s existing medical cannabis cooperative system) proposed a bill to ban Bitcoin in Washington State’s cannabis marketplace. Senator Rivers said that her proposed bill to ban Bitcoin was brought to her by “an organization” looking to preserve “the transparency that we have in our legalized marijuana system in our
Using a Bitcoin wallet enables customers and businesses to engage in transactions without using paper currency and without going through an intermediary institution like a bank.
state.” The eight-page SB-5264 adds to the definitions section of RCW 69.50.101 (Washington’s Controlled Substances Act) the term “virtual currency,” and then proceeds to ban it for cannabis sales. Under the bill, “virtual currency” would be defined as follows: “. . . a digital representation of value used as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, or a store of value, but does not have legal tender status as recognized by the United States government. ‘Virtual currency’ does not include the software or protocols governing the transfer of the digital representation of value or other uses of virtual distributed ledger systems to verify ownership or authenticity in a digital capacity when the virtual currency is not used as a medium of exchange.” The bill then states that “[a] marijuana producer, marijuana processor, or retail outlet must not pay with or accept virtual currency for the purchase or sale of marijuana or any marijuana product.” The Bitcoin ban bill was debated at length in Olympia and Senator Rivers’ cited to the Cole Memo prohibiting the “shrouding” of anyone who participates in Washington’s cannabis industry as its justification. Senator Rivers contends that Bitcoin can’t meet the 2014 FinCEN transparency guidelines. Tom Parker and Kenneth Berke of PayQwick also testified that Bitcoin does not satisfy FinCEN transparency guidelines, and allowing it for Washington State cannabis businesses will invite federal enforcement and thereby harm the cannabis industry as a whole. On the other side of the argument, Ryan Hamlin and Jon Baugher of POSaBIT testified that Bitcoin is perfectly traceable, auditable, verifiable and transparent, and that the state needs to better understand Bitcoin transactions before it bans its use in the cannabis industry. James Paribello, legislative liaison for the Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board, testified that the Board essentially has no opinion on the use of Bitcoin or its proposed ban, so long as the Department of Financial Institutions allows it, which it currently does. Given the uncertainty of the statelegal cannabis industry under Trump and Sessions and the precarious staying power of the Cole Memo and the FinCEN guidelines, Bitcoin may just be too risky for Washington State’s cannabis industry. But if the state can get educated about and comfortable with Bitcoin, virtual currency may be here to stay in the Evergreen State’s cannabis industry. c
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REVIEWs
strain
Hell’s Fire by Skörd After a long hard winter, spring is right around the corner. What better spring treat than Skörd’s Hell’s Fire? In its pretty purple pastel package, this is one spring bouquet of flowers any cannabis lover would be happy to receive! This clearly labeled indica brings a lot to the table. First of all—it smells amazing with citrus, diesel and soil all rolled into one beautiful and delightful smelling flower. After testing it out using every device at our disposal—for the full user experience, we discovered the flavor matched the fragrance and was quite delectable. If you like indicas, you’ll love Hell’s Fire by Skörd. At nearly 23 percent THC, this flower brings the strength and intensity that indica lovers desire, but remains light and euphoric enough around the edges to provide a balanced, mellow effect that doesn’t bog you down. This cannabis would be perfect for any number of applications, including everyday pain relief.
Available wherever: Skörd products are carried
Chocolate Thai by TreeHawk Farms TreeHawk Farms’ package design pays homage to our region’s characteristic green trees and birds of prey. The label is simple and beautiful, conjuring images of our gorgeous everyday surroundings here in the Pacific Northwest, which, as a matter of fact, would be the perfect setting to enjoy this flower. After cracking open the gorgeous reusable jar from TreeHawk, we were immediately hit with the tasty scents of coffee, musk, and a hint of something sweet and spicy—almost like a jalapeño chocolate. We used a water pipe to sample this lovely flower, and we were delighted to find that the flavor was even more unique and enjoyable than the scent. At a whopping 29.7 percent THC, this sativa is no slouch in terms of potent. However, this Chocolate Thai is an old-school, world-famous sativa strain, and it behaves as such. There is very little chance of couch-lock or clamming up and getting nervous with this flower. If you want a party-starter that lifts you up, this is the strain for you. It’s perfect for right before a hike, workout or while attending a social gathering.
Available at: Two Five Trees in Tacoma.
AK-47 by Harmony Farms
Available at: Urban Bud in Tacoma.
There isn’t one violent thing about this bud; don’t let the name lead you astray! Although one could draw comparisons to ammo with the flowers’ compact, long, thick nugs. The flower is covered in exceptionally long, bright orange hairs and has the savory-sweet fragrance of fresh earth and strong cannabis. After testing this flower using a water pipe and vaporizer, we noted the flavors were similar to the scent, with sweet and earthy flavors present, but also with a hint of pine as well. It didn’t take long after consuming this tasty flower before the effects set in. Testing at 22.9 percent THC, it’s no surprise that this sativa hybrid delivers an energetic, joyous effect. Bred from crossing Colombian, Mexican, Thai and Afghani, this flower has ancient sativa genetics that make for an old-fashioned, giggle prone time. It is the perfect flower to accompany improv, standup or a good old fashioned comedy movie, and it’s also a good strain for those who worry about anxiety after smoking cannabis. This is a gentle strain that is a good choice for tentative users.
Grape Ape by Mad Mark Farms If you were going to choose a flower to preserve and wear as an ornament, Grape Ape would be the one. With the dark purple and green leaves, contrasted by the almost neon orange hairs, this flower is a truly gorgeous specimen. And of course, there’s the consistent and reliable scent and flavor of Grape Ape. The fresh cannabis smell that sometimes permeates rooms is present with this flower from Mad Mark Farms, but you’ll also notice the strong grape fragrance. Using a water pipe and vaporizer to sample it, we soon discovered that the flavor lives up to the name. Grape is one of most beloved flavors out there, and if you love grape, then you will be thrilled to try this Grape Ape. The grape flavor is so strong and tasty, it’s almost hard to believe it’s all from a plant. These terpenes are on fleek! The indica also packs a punch in terms of effect as well. At 20.8 percent THC, it won’t knock you off your socks and render you unconscious, but it will provide a steady enjoyable buzz perfect for maintaining. Whether you’re chilling at home, or out and about, Grape Ape is your ideal companion. 16
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Available at: Evergreen Market in Auburn and Renton.
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REVIEWs
For More Products Go To iReadCulture.com
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Res Caps Res Caps by Resölution prides itself on stopping the smell and stopping the mess. Cleaning has now been made simple with the small, rubber caps that halt cleaning solution from escaping from your favorite glass pieces. Res Caps can be stretched to seal virtually any water pipe, steamroller and other glass accessories. The first of its kind, Res Caps are great for the clean lifestyle cannabis consumer. Available in green, white or black, the caps are perfectly made for protecting glass during travel and ending the scent usually left behind. PRICE: $19 MORE INFORMATION: resolutioncolo.com
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Cannador Mahogany Roll Tray The Cannador brand prides itself on providing cannabis consumers with premium storage products and accessories. Cannador’s thin, lightweight roll tray carved from mahogany wood makes a convenient and useful addition to your collection. Great for both preparation and rolling, the slate comes with an indentation on the bottom corner making for a hassle-free cleanup. The tray exists as a practical and beneficial tool, while its rich auburn color fits nicely into practically any home décor. Handcrafted and with a mineral oil finish, this aesthetically pleasing accessory brings both style and functionality to the table. PRICE: $39 MORE INFORMATION: cannador.com
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Original Piece Pipe Both modern and tasteful, the Original Piece Pipe is perfect for anyone on-the-go who likes to travel in style. With an attachable ring, its clean design and unassuming appearance easily fits into any setting. Wear it as a necklace, connect it to your keys or bag, and the Original Piece Pipe easily converts into an accessory. Big things do come in small packages when it comes to this sleek device as it contains a hidden stash compartment, which holds up to three bowls. Available in brass or chrome, its sleek materials remain cool and odorless, leaving your personal belongings free from lingering scents. PRICE: $39.99 MORE INFORMATION: originalpiecepipe.com
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3. The Nuggy by NugTools Pop open your bottles, pack in your piece and even prop up your joint with the tool that has been created for every type of smoker. The Nuggy comes fully-loaded, multi-purposed and will quickly become everyone’s favorite gadget. Uniting 10 various functions into a smooth, handheld container, The Nuggy can rest comfortably in your pocket or palm. Scissors, a scraper, an LED flashlight, bottle opener, knife, tamper and a roach clip are only a few of the features found inside. Yet despite its internal equipment, its weight remains a light and undemanding 0.5 pounds. The Nuggy employs a spring-locked system and plastic casing to guarantee safe and simple use. PRICE: $33 MORE INFORMATION: nugtools.com
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REVIEWs
entertainment
Available on: Nintendo Switch and Wii U Release Date: March 3
BOOK
This Bud’s for You Ed Rosenthal Quick American Publishing
MUSIC
GAME
MOVIE
The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild
Moonlight
Drink Champagne
Dir. Barry Jenkins
SISTERS
A24
Self-Released
Dev. and Pub. Nintendo This Bud’s for You is cannabis cultivator extraordinaire Ed Rosenthal’s latest take on cutting edge cannabis trends, science and industry growth. This beautiful book is for people who enjoy consuming and growing cannabis and want to be more immersed in this plant and in this evergrowing industry. It is also filled with tips and tricks from expert insiders like technical advice from breeders, ways to judge and compare strains and how to make the best cannabis selections. (Alex Bradley)
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Debuting as the most anticipated Nintendo Switch game during the new system’s launch, The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild is the first fullfledged game of the series to release since 2011. The landscape of Hyrule is vast, and you play the ever-silent hero, Link. Players will explore the vast, open world that is packed with places to explore, weapons to collect and puzzles to solve. This ambitious project by Nintendo brings all of the nostalgic nuances of traditional Legend of Zelda games, but also offers a ton of other new features to entertain new and returning players. (Nicole Potter)
It’s rare that a film these days has the opportunity to show audiences a nearly wholly unique coming of age story and perspective. It is for this reason, as well as an array of others, which is what makes writer/director Barry Jenkin’s second feature-length film, Moonlight, both incredibly important and wonderfully beautiful. The film follows a young black man, Chiron, growing up in inner city Miami as he struggles with personal and sexual identity in an environment that is increasingly hostile and volatile. (Simon Weedn)
Three years after its acclaimed debut EP, Diamonds of Gold, Seattle indie pop extraordinaires SISTERS has finally returned with its first full-length album, Drink Champagne. The album finds the duo of Andrew Vait and Emily Westman showcasing a sound so grand, polished and lush that it needs to be heard to be believed. In addition to gorgeous tones, rich sound design and thoughtful arrangements, Drink Champagne delivers some of the most incredible grooveoriented dance music that’s been released so far, this year. (Simon Weedn)
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“We are trying to improve and know exactly what kind of marijuana should be given for a specific condition. One does not get the same marijuana for epilepsy and for cancer and pain.”
ReigninG Researcher The father of THC, Dr. Raphael Mechoulam, talks about his groundbreaking research in studying cannabis in Israel
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by R. Scott Rappold
n the early 1960s, though cannabis had been used for centuries and demonized for decades by governments around the globe, the science world knew surprisingly little about the plant itself. Scientists had long since learned how to synthesize morphine from the opium poppy and cocaine from coca leaves, but what about cannabis? Few in the U.S. or the rest of the Western world cared to learn about cannabis— not that they could study it anyway, given harsh restrictions cannabis research in the U.S. So it should come as no surprise that some of the major breakthroughs 22
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in understanding cannabis came from across the ocean. In the tiny nation of Israel, one man, Dr. Raphael Mechoulam, is responsible for much of what we know about cannabis today. He was the one who isolated and identified cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive ingredient in cannabis. He later identified the receptors in the human body that interact with cannabis and the cannabinoids that bond with those receptors. While the world is just waking up to the medical potential of cannabis, from treating epilepsy to cancer to chronic pain, Dr. Mechoulam has known about it for decades. At 86, he has earned the distinction of being
the “father of marijuana research” and the “father of THC.” Dr. Mechoulam may be one of the world’s foremost experts on cannabis, but he is no advocate scientist in the vein of Timothy Leary or Terrence McKenna. He approached cannabis with the curiosity of an organic chemist studying something new, not as a true believer. In fact, except for in the laboratory, he’s never even touched cannabis. CULTURE recently caught up with Dr. Mechoulam in Israel, where he still holds several academic posts, including Professor at Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel, and advisor to the government on Israel’s medical cannabis program. >> photos by
Yit z W o o l f
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How did you get involved in cannabis research? I’m a chemist. I work with natural products, and I was looking for something important in natural products in plants, and I was surprised to find out that while morphine had been isolated from opium nearly 150 years previously and so was cocaine, from coca leaves, the chemistry of cannabis was not well-known, and I thought it was a good topic to do research on. Did you have any personal experience with cannabis, or was it non-existent in Israel at the time? No, no, no. Very few people were interested in marijuana at that time. As a natural scientist I asked for a grant from the (U.S.) National Institute of Health (NIH), and more or less what they told me was they were not interested, that marijuana was not an interesting topic for them. Few people used it in the States. It was mostly used in Mexico, so if I found something that was more relevant to the U.S. so they would look at it. It was in the early ’60s. Well it turned out all of a sudden it became relevant (with the rise in use in the later 1960s), and pharmacologists 24
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from the National Institute of Mental Health and the NIH flew over and at that time we had isolated the main component of cannabis, THC, in a pure form . . . and [one pharmacologist] took that material, and quite a bit of the early work of the NIH with cannabis was done with the THC we gave him. He may have smuggled it into the U.S., I don’t know. You had to get smuggled cannabis for your first experiments, correct? I didn’t get marijuana; I got hashish from the police. And how did that happen? Not that complicated at all. I went to the administrative head of my institute and asked him whether he had a contact with the police and he said, ‘Sure, no problem.’ He called the number two person at the police at that time. They had been in the army together or something of that sort. From the other side I could hear him saying, “Is he reliable?” And the head of the institute said, “Of course he’s reliable.” So he invited me over to the police, and I took five kilos of hashish. It broke the laws. It turned out I was not allowed to have it, and he was not
allowed to give it to me. It was the Ministry of Health that should have permitted it, but in a small country, I went to the Ministry of Health, and I apologized, and any time I needed more hashish I went to the Ministry of Health and had no problems. What were you really hoping to learn about this substance when you started to study it? I’m a chemist. A natural products chemist usually works on identification of compounds, active compounds, and thus opening the field for further research . . . I’ll try to explain. In order to do biochemistry or pharmacology or clinical work, the chemistry has to be well-known . . . The chemistry has to be well-established before anything can be done with the compound or the plant. In this case the chemistry was not well-known so we knew at that time, in the early ‘60s, very little about the pharmacology and the chemical effects and so on, in modern terms. Science has to be quantitative. If you work with a plant, you never know what you’re doing, what you’re getting. So the chemistry had to be established before anything scientific could be worked on. >>
How long did it take you to establish the chemistry and start to look at the human effects of this plant? For several years we worked on the isolation of compounds, several different types of compounds. With biologists we evaluated the effects on monkeys and later, after quite some time, we worked on the metabolism. Later we worked on other topics. So we advanced, step-by-step. What do you feel were your major breakthroughs and discoveries about this plant? First, elucidation of the chemistry, particularly isolation and synthesis of the active compounds. It turned out there was only one active compound related to psychoactivity, THC. There is a second that had a lot of therapeutic effects called cannabidiol, and we elucidated its structure as well. So this was the first phase of the cannabis research we did. Later on, many years later, we looked at the compounds that our bodies make, and these compounds bind with the same receptor that the plant cannabinoids bind to . . . The receptors don’t exist because there is a plant out there. The receptors exist because we produce compounds which bind to these receptors, activate them and cause activities. We went ahead looking at the compounds that we make. Then in the ’90s we discovered that the two main compounds that bind to these receptors, anandamide and 2-AG, and there has been a huge, huge amount of work on these endogenous cannabinoids, cannabinoids that we make . . . These compounds seem to be very important in our biology. One of these compounds has to do with bones and osteoporosis, loss of bones, and another has to do with blood vessels
“There is a lot of interest, and I believe this is the third phase of cannabis research. But most people in the States are interested in the first stage, in the THC, in the CBD, in selling it for outrageous prices and trying to make a lot of money out of it.”
during head trauma and so on. A third one has to do with addiction. And so on and so forth. There is a lot of interest, and I believe this is the third phase of cannabis research. But most people in the States are interested in the first stage, in the THC, in the CBD, in selling it for outrageous prices and trying to make a lot of money out of it.
Do you feel that by focusing on selling expensive flower, that the United States is missing out on some important things about this plant? The plant contains THC and a lot of other compounds that do not cause the high. There is a compound called CBD, which is just as important. It does not cause the high but it has a lot of therapeutic effects, and it is of extreme importance, and people are trying now to have plants that don’t have THC but CBD and are using that for therapeutic effects. >> iReadCULTURE.com
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When you started studying this, were your colleagues skeptical, or did you have a lot of support in the scientific community? We went along scientific lines. There was no objection at my university. As a matter of fact people thought it was as a good kind of research, interesting research. And even my colleagues, in the late 1970s or early 1980s, elected me Rector of the university. If they had any objections to my work they wouldn’t have voted for me. I was elected to the Israeli Academy of Sciences. If there was any objection I wouldn’t have been elected. Are you still studying cannabis? Now I am officially retired, but my university is a very liberal one, and I have all the faculties to go on working . . . We’re not studying cannabis, the plant. We haven’t studied the plant in many years. That was the first stage. Did you play a role in Israel allowing medical cannabis? I’m a Consultant for the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Health has approved medical marijuana under strict regulation. There are about 27,000 patients who get medical marijuana. We are trying to improve and know exactly what kind of marijuana should be given for a
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specific condition. One does not get the same marijuana for epilepsy and for cancer and pain. How do you feel about being called the “father of marijuana research?” Is that something you’re proud of? Well I’m delighted that I’m called that. We have apparently done something good in the field. Is this the type of research that could only have occurred in a small country like Israel? I have no idea. As an academic I decided to do it, and I did it. Here it was maybe easier to get the material, but I had no problems doing the science. Possibly in the U.S. it would have been more difficult because of administrative problems, but we had no problem getting the materials. Is there more to learn about the cannabis plant and how it affects humans? Because of administrative freezes [on research], there have been very, very few clinical studies. Although thousands of people use cannabis to fight cancer, there hasn’t been any clinical study, or a well-done, modern clinical study on cancer published. That’s a shame because if people use it, the data should be there. We should have modern clinical data. We
did some clinical work on epilepsy 35 years ago and unfortunately nobody took great interest in that. And only five or six years ago all of a sudden people found that yes, our research is very relevant to what’s going on and many children today are being treated today with CBD, which we showed to be very active against epilepsy. There are very few drugs that help children with epilepsy. This should have been repeated on a larger scale in the U.S. We did a little work on PTSD and post-trauma. It should have been done on a large scale . . . All these things should have been done in the U.S. There is a major clinical trial on epilepsy. It should have been done 30 years ago after we published our small clinical paper. So that’s what’s missing. And I’m sorry about the situation. My last question is do you use it yourself? No. I have never used it. First of all, I am still interested but as I did research and we had official supply of cannabis, obviously if we had used it for non-scientific reasons if people had come to know about it that would have stopped our work. Basically, neither I nor my students were interested. c medicine.ekmd.huji.ac.il
“First, elucidation of the chemistry, particularly isolation and synthesis of the active compounds. It turned out there was only one active compound related to psychoactivity, THC. There is a second that had a lot of therapeutic effects called cannabidiol, and we elucidated its structure as well.�
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Industry Insider
Business is just another form of political activism and the right mainstream brand can help more and more Americans realize that this is a mainstream product. This is a normal product. It’s not a scary product that should be vilified.
Brendan Kennedy of Privateer Holdings by R. Scott Rappold
A
t the International Cannabis Business Conference in Vancouver in October, beloved cannabis consumer and activist Tommy Chong stole the show. But Brendan Kennedy may have had the most attentive audience of the event. As Co-Founder and CEO of Privateer Holdings, he has done what many once thought impossible for an industry just emerging from seven decades on the black market: He’s brought in Wall Street money, some $122 million to date. Kennedy has channeled the windfall into one of the world’s largest cannabis
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conglomerates, with 300 employees spread among the website Leafly.com, medical cannabis brand Tilray and Marley Natural, a line of accessories and cannabis strains done in partnership with the family of late singer Bob Marley. With a nice suit, a strong business background and an MBA from Yale, he’s brought an air of respectability to an industry with an image problem. Sure, it’s partially about making money, but he sees it as a form of activism as well, with the same end goal as everyone else in the industry: Full legalization. “I think it’s important that professional, sophisticated companies
emerge in this industry to help transition it from a state of prohibition into a state of legalization,” said Kennedy, 44, in a recent phone interview. “Professionallyoperated companies, and there are plenty that are emerging in the industry, are really important to continue to erode and tip over the Berlin Wall of cannabis prohibition.” “Business is just another form of political activism and the right mainstream brand can help more and more Americans realize that this is a mainstream product. This is a normal product. It’s not a scary product that should be vilified.” >>
S.
Skeptical at first
R.
Rising tide lifts all ships
Kennedy was acquainted with cannabis—as a student at UC Berkeley, how could you not be? But after a dozen or so tries he decided it wasn’t for him. He went on to launch several companies and in 2009 was working for a large California bank, evaluating investment opportunities. Kennedy had a healthy skepticism about the medical cannabis boom then exploding in California and a handful of other Western states, but decided to do some homework, a full year’s worth, traveling the country and the world. “I had certainly been indoctrinated into the 'war on drugs,' thinking, ‘This is your brain on drugs,’ so I went in skeptically,” he said. “At the end of the year, after talking to so many people and so many patients and so many people closely associated with this product my perspective changed 180 degrees.” He and two partners founded Privateer Holdings in 2010, initially envisioning it as a venture capital firm, making investments in cannabis businesses but not running them. But the rising tide of legalization convinced Kennedy otherwise, that cannabis would be legal someday and establishing solid brands could help make it happen. So in 2011 the company purchased the website Leafly.com, a clearinghouse of information on dispensaries and strains.
investors have been primarily involved to make money, many are still involved for the altruistic goal of legalization. And though Kennedy may be making money, he sees his success as helping all those in the cannabis industry, where a rising tide lifts all ships. “We’ve achieved a lot of milestones for this industry, whether it’s raising our first round of $7 million—and people congratulated us because it helped others raise capital,” he said. “When we closed the second round at $75 million, people within the industry were thrilled because it made it easier for them to raise capital. When we became the first (cannabis) company to raise over $100 million, people within the industry thanked us.” Leafly.com has become one of the internet’s main cannabis information resources, visited by 10 million people in December 2016 alone. Tilray is a global leader in medical cannabis, with 20,000 patients, and is conducting groundbreaking research in the treatment of epilepsy and other conditions. And Marley Natural has accessories in 100 stores around the country and has begun selling some of Bob Marley’s favorite strains in California and Oregon, with the added benefit of helping impoverished farmers and workers in Jamaica. Still, he frequently encounters concern in the industry about such corporate control. Will the mom-and-pop operations be squeezed out and will cannabis become dominated by a few huge players, like the tobacco industry? “On one hand people within the industry are thrilled and congratulate us on what we’re doing. On the other hand, there’s some trepidation among small business owners, small operators, that large corporate companies are going to come in and gobble up the industry,” he said. “I don’t see that as a long-term threat. I think this industry ends up looking more like the craft beer or wine industries, where you have local, regional, national and international players. I think it looks much more like that than something like Big Tobacco.” c
Kennedy flew 305,000 miles last year. That’s 12 times around the planet. He doesn’t just meet with potential investors, but with lawmakers, government officials, scientific researchers and university professors. The day before our interview, he met with a group of 240 Wall Street investors worth a potential $1 trillion in investment money. Then it was off to Miami for more meetings before returning home to Seattle, where Privateer is based. The first $7 million he raised came from folks who were more interested in the social justice goal of legalization than making a profit, he said. While some subsequent
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Cannabis has helped improve the world in so many ways and has the potential to be a beacon of hope in these trying times ahead
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by Addison Herron-Wheeler
I
n this tumultuous era of political and social discrimination and disarray, cannabis is a source for social and personal peace that more and more people are getting behind. Since legalization is sweeping the nation one state at a time, cannabis has made so many positive strides for the economy, the local and national population and in personal health. The improvements of cannabis use and legalization can be seen and heard in many different facets of our American life and can sometimes be forgotten in the thick of the world’s
traumas. However, it is important to find time and space to meditate, to be present and to remember the good things that have happened recently, including what good things cannabis reform has done for our country and our communities, things like reducing foreign and illegal drug trafficking, giving people an alternative to "Big Pharma" medical treatments, lowering teen drug addiction and abuse, creating a multitude of new jobs for Americans and bringing people together in a peaceful, reflective and fun way—through cannabis. >>
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Reducing Cartel and Foreign Drug Trafficking CULTURE reported last month that recent numbers from Canada show what cannabis advocates have suspected and claimed ever since legalization first became an experiment in the states: Legalizing actually lowers crime rates when it comes to cartel activity and outside groups bringing cannabis into Canada. In fact, the more legally accepted
the plant becomes, the less gangs and organized crime units or illegal drug traffickers want to do with it, since it is decreasing in value on the black market. Legalizing cannabis, or even descheduling, rescheduling or decriminalizing in the states, could make a huge difference when it comes to lower crime rates and safer borders and airports. Rather than banning travel or building a wall to keep criminal elements out of the country, sensible drug policies can help achieve that level of safety without shutting out any innocent people.
Providing Affordable or Alternative Health Care Another major topic of debate in the U.S. is healthcare. Many fear that the new political administration will roll back the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and make healthcare unaffordable, and
Providing Hope with Social Unity Cannabis is a cause many can get behind, something that can bring the divided together. Some people want smaller government and states’ rights, as well as fewer regulations, which is just what the cannabis industry wants as well. Some people want more personal and social freedoms and more opportunities for scientific research into cannabis. Not to mention, when someone is hurt, weak, in danger or in need of assistance, Americans on the
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whole come together, cooperate and work together. “Cannabis is definitely something that brings people together,” Boris Shcharansky, CEO of Papa & Barkley, a cannabis company in California, told CULTURE. “I would be in meetings with farmers and Republican legislators who would see videos about how cannabis helps children and be convinced. When you see it helping people and the remarkable results, I think it’s just undeniable. People can disagree on health care, immigration, etcetera, but I have even converted hardcore conservatives to support cannabis.” >>
others are outraged because they feel that America needs something better than the ACA. Cannabis provides alternative medical solutions that aren’t controlled by pharmaceutical companies, and cannabis is an affordable alternative that doesn’t cost thousands without health insurance, the way some medications do.
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Personal Peace through Cannabis and Meditation
Lowering Teen Drug Use Many legalized areas are reporting lower teen cannabis use. A report by Monitoring the Future found that cannabis use by kids is highest in the country through the state of Colorado (about 12 to 17 percent). Although a negative fact, that percentage has not increased since Colorado became a legal state, which concludes that cannabis legalization has little impact on whether or not teenagers use cannabis. In fact, an additional study through the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, which compares numbers between 2013-2014 and 20142015, found that cannabis use in Colorado has actually decreased significantly. Data shows that between 2014 and 2015, shortly after Colorado legalized cannabis, teenager cannabis use fell from 20.81
Creating Jobs One of the major selling points for politicians is their ability to create jobs and maintain existing industries that may be struggling or looking to expand. Everyone is currently scrutinizing how Obama impacted the economy, and wondering whether or not Trump will be able to keep his
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percent for youths that had used cannabis within the past year to 18.35. It’s not just Colorado’s teenagers who are becoming more aware about cannabis though. According to a survey conducted in Washington State, cannabis use amongst teens has decreased alongside their perception of harm—which is defined as how dangerous younger individuals think substances like cannabis are. In this case, eighth and tenth graders in Washington State reported their perception of harmfulness decreased to 14 and 16 percent. All of this evidence could be thanks to the fact that there is more factual education about cannabis and how like alcohol, it is safe and available to try when older, or due to legal cannabis not seeming as alluring or exciting as an illegal substance. Rather than putting teens at risk, legal cannabis is actually ensuring that the kids stay sober and educated.
promises about bringing back jobs. The cannabis industry is a major source for job creation in the U.S. An economic study done in Colorado revealed that the industry created 18,000 new full-time jobs in 2015. From blue collar jobs like trimming, packing and growing the plant to executive positions and desk jobs, there is currently a plethora of opportunities in the cannabis industry. c
Cannabis has been used for over a thousand years by most of the world’s oldest cultures as a medicine. Most people in the west are unaware that many ancient cultures also recognized the value of cannabis as an aide to spiritual practice and meditation as well. Sects within Tibetan Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism, Sufism and a variety of other religious groups have used cannabis for spiritual practices. On their own, both mediation and cannabis have similar effects. Together, the benefits of meditation are amplified. This has been evident in South Asia, where several religious groups including Buddhists, Naths and Shaivites have introduced it into their meditation practices. Many believe it helps to slow the mind and enter a state of great internal stillness with heightened awareness. Combining meditation and cannabis has
profound benefits—and it’s very easy for people to do. Communities in legal states have great beneficial cannabis meditation practices and experts, and classes in this way are common. These communities have less crime, less drug abuse and friendlier communities. Consuming an indica strain that will sedate you (more than a sativa) and can slow synapses, reducing mental distractions and facilitating concentration. Ideally, you should consume your cannabis in the same position as your meditation practice so you can slip into meditation as the cannabis effects take hold. Smoking, vaping or any other method you like will do the trick, just ensure it enables a restful response. Studies have shown that meditation not only lowers blood pressure but also can improve your immune system, while improving your ability to concentrate. More studies have shown improvement for gastrointestinal disorders, fibromyalgia and even psoriasis in patients who meditate.
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Happy St. Patrick’s Day Go green this St. Patrick’s Day with some cannabis-infused Colcannon Colcannon is a traditional Irish potato dish made with cabbage and potatoes that is often eaten to celebrate St. Patrick’s Day.
Canna-Colcannon
(S erves
4)
Ingredients 5 medium Yukon Gold potatoes (about 1 3/4 pounds) Kosher salt
2 cups (packed) shredded Savoy cabbage (from about 1/4 large head), divided
6 tablespoons unsalted cannabutter, t divided
1 1/4 cups milk
2 leeks, white and palegreen parts only, sliced in half lengthwise, thinly sliced crosswise
Freshly ground black pepper
1/2 cup heavy cream 1 scallion, thinly sliced
2 garlic cloves, thinly sliced Directions
There is even a song about the dish! This St. Patrick’s Day, you don’t have to dress all in green and make a fool of yourself at a nearby pub. You can stay in, stay healthy and go green with this delicious cannabis-infused recipe for Colcannon.
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Cover potatoes with water in a small pot; season with salt. Bring to a boil over medium-high heat, then reduce heat and simmer until a paring knife slides easily through the flesh, 30–40 minutes. Drain, let cool slightly and peel. Meanwhile, melt 4 tablespoons cannabutter in a large saucepan over medium heat. Add leeks and cook, stirring frequently, until very soft, 8–10 minutes. Add garlic and cook, stirring frequently, until garlic is fragrant and leeks are just beginning to brown around the edges, about 3 minutes longer. Add 1 cup cabbage and cook, stirring constantly, until wilted. Add milk and cream and bring to a simmer. Add potatoes and remaining 1 cup cabbage, then coarsely mash with a potato masher. Season with salt and pepper. Transfer colcannon to a large serving bowl. Top with remaining 2 tablespoons of cannabutter and sprinkle with scallions. Enjoy!
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IN CONCERT You’ll be able to catch Porter Ray live this spring all over Washington! Watercolor’s album release party is March 8 at Barboza in Seattle. Ray will also be playing at Fisherman’s Village Festival in Everett on March 31 and at Sasquatch! in Quincy on May 26.
Porter Ray Shines Light on Dark Days
Seattle’s Porter Ray feels deeply and expresses himself poetically through his unique musical creations
by Emily Manke
P
orter Ray’s story has not been full of sunshine and roses. The lyrics to his songs paint the picture of a life fraught with drama and tragedy. Lucky for us, Ray has the courage to write about these experiences, shedding light on his own tragedy, and in turn exposing all of our vulnerabilities as a society. Ray began his journey as an artist, turning pain into beauty, and beauty into profit, in 2013, releasing three incredible albums in one year. His label, Seattle’s own world-famous SubPop, describes Ray’s artistic journey from pain to beauty. “He found refuge in his notebooks . . . they started to give what he actually needed. Within them Porter Ray found Blk Gld and mined it, stumbled upon Wht Gld and purified it, gave us Rse Gold and we rocked it . . .” More releases followed, which led up to Ray’s newest album. From Seattle’s Central District, the same streets that brought us Sir Mix-A-Lot and Quincy Jones, Ray’s newest release Watercolor, out March 10, captures the layered vibes of the neighborhood precisely. The trippy production on this masterpiece is complex, and even if Ray didn’t make near-constant cannabis references, which he does, the sound of his music alone would tip you off to some psychedelic undertones. Before his album was released, and his life got too crazy, Ray was gracious enough to chat with CULTURE about his life, his music and his love for herb.
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When did you get started in music? I got started in music, like in terms of recording my own music, towards the end of high school. Yeah, I recorded for the first time my senior year. It was actually at my friend’s mom’s house, in her basement, on his equipment. Before that, in high school and even in middle school, I was always writing a lot of music; just writing a lot in general. Where are you from? Born and raised in Seattle, Washington, in the Central District. Who are your musical influences? A lot of jazz. Miles Davis, John Coltrane. A lot of hip-hop, guys like Nas, Mos Def; obviously Ishmeal and Shabazz from Digable Planets. There was a group called Narcotic from Seattle in my neighborhood, and the MC’s name was Infinite—I was heavily influenced by Narcotic. I grew up listening to everything. My parents had
soul, R&B and rock albums. My mom was really into The Beatles, but hip-hop and jazz too. Has Seattle’s cannabisentrenched culture impacted your sound, style or creative process in any way? Yeah, in a sense it has. Artists have been talking about smoking weed, or using reefer forever, making songs to legalize weed, and trying to rally around that. And now it’s becoming legal in a lot of places. So I feel like that has an effect on the listeners where they are being more interested in, or more open to the lyrics and different ideas, they are more open-minded, and comfortable with themselves when they’re smoking trees. And for me, it makes my music more laid back, more introspective. What is some of your favorite music to listen when you’re consuming cannabis? Earth Wind and Fire’s That’s the Way of the World, “Rasta Man” by Bob Marley, and just reggae in general. c porterray.bandcamp.com
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Brilliant Creations
The youthful Francis Alao transforms ink and paint into vibrant and intricate works of art
by Kristen Angelo
F
rancis Alao is a self-taught artist living and working on Bainbridge Island, a culture-rich community on the outskirts of Seattle and the Kitsap Peninsula stretching a shy 28 square miles. At only 22 years old, Alao encompasses an impressive balance of coolness and modesty. Though he’s a bit quiet when discussing his work, Alao is distinctly loud with talent. The colorful and lively scenes of animation of his youth paved the way to the vibrant masterpieces he paints today. Alao may not have been classically trained at an art school, but this self-taught artist created a process all to his own— resulting in each work expressing a unique and colorful scene inspired by emotion. With his skills, and a little help from cannabis, Alao creates beautiful works of art that speak to the unique culture of Seattle. Alao took a moment to speak with CULTURE about his past, his process and how he uses cannabis to make his personal masterpieces. Tell us about your artist career. How did you start out? How long have you been evolving your craft? I’ve been evolving my craft my whole life. I started having interest in art at a very young age. I was about four years old when I first picked up a pencil. I was really into cartoons and Japanese animation, always wanting to make my own. After graduating high school, I studied and learned painting on my own because I couldn’t afford to go to art school. I started posting my art in social media, and people would contact me to do commissioned work. I gained more popularity when I started an exhibit at Paper & Leaf. Could you lend us some insight into your creative process? My creative process depends on the subject of the painting. I usually study and find references of the painting first. Then I sketch everything on a canvas to see the bigger picture. Then I start painting it with lighter colors, layer by layer. I can work in any medium, but I mostly prefer graphite, ballpoint pen, acrylic, oil paints and Prisma markers. Each piece can take some time.
What are your earliest perceptions of cannabis? Did you imagine that your artistic practice would intertwine with cannabis culture? The first time I used it, it helped me focus on drawing. I wouldn’t stop drawing for hours and hours. Ever since then I smoke before I paint. I didn’t imagine my artistic practice intertwining with cannabis at all. I just really enjoy smoking weed and painting. What is your favorite method of consuming cannabis? Do you have favorite strain(s) that influence creativity? I like to consume cannabis in rolling papers, backwoods, edibles and in bongs. I don’t do dabs—way too much for me. My favorite strains are the tangy and sour strains. I use it for creativity and OGs and cookies when I’m trying to relax. What’s next? Are you working on anything at the moment? Do you have any big plans underway or a specific vision for the direction of your creative work? I’m working on something new right now, a different theme, something out of my comfortable zone. I plan on having another exhibit, hopefully soon. I always have this vision of being involved in fashion design. I think I’ll be pretty good at it. I’ve been designing some stuff. c
What do you hope to communicate with your art? I like expressing emotions in my paintings—to have other people feel what it is I’m feeling when I’m painting. In life, we have experienced all this fragmentation of thought and feelings. For me, creating art brings things back together.
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Instagram and Twitter: @franswuhh
SHOOTING GALLERY
CannaCon seattle
photos by Duncan Rolfson iReadCULTURE.com
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culture growing
2017 WINTER GARDEN 2
T
he winter garden, consisting of one plant, a SharkShock, has been flowering for a month. When I purchased it from a dispensary in Oakland the first week in January, I transplanted it from a 2 1/2 gallon container to a five-gallon container. First I placed a bottom layer of commercial planting mix enriched with 20 percent by volume homemade kitchen and yard compost, and then placed the plant on top of that, filling the sides with mix so that the whole plant stem length remained above the soil line. The plant was grown vegetatively, rather than flowering, for two weeks by interrupting the dark period. This was accomplished with a five-minute burst of light from a 40-watt warm-white compact fluorescent every two hours during the dark period. It was fertilized weekly using a 7-9-5 one-part complete vegetative formula fertilizer diluted to 700 parts per million (ppm). Five days after the regulatory lights were turned off and the formula was changed to a one part bloom formula, 3-12-6, the first flowers appeared. Five days later flowers were appearing on all the branches.
PROFILE
IN
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Plant as purchased from dispensary. It had a few main branches as a result of early pruning.
SharkShock after training and pruning, before the “switch.” Small and understory branches were removed and remaining branches were horizontalized.
The greenhouse receives light only from the top and front, so the 10+ hours of natural winter light is supplemented using a 600-watt HPS lamp for 12-hours daily, turning on shortly before dawn and off shortly after nightfall. Now that the days are getting longer and the intensity of the sun is increasing, the plant is getting an extra boost as it begins to ripen. Soon after transplanting I began “training” the plant. I wanted it to completely fill the 4’ x 4’ canopy, 16 square-feet and to encourage the large branches capable of producing large buds. On its own, SharkShock grows a large main stem with big bud and smaller side branches that produce smaller buds. Clipping the main bud early results in several main branches that will yield more than the large single bud. The plant had been clipped when it was young so it had branched out somewhat. I started by “horizontalizing” the branches: Bending them so they were parallel to the floor rather than growing up. I bent some down and held them in place using twistties attached to little holes drilled at the container top to hold them in place. Others were bent and held in place using crutches. Then understory and small branches were removed, leaving only large bud sites. Horizontalizing the plant, similar to scrogging, but without the screen, produces even more because the one plant covers a much large canopy and the branches fill with buds. The results are apparent 30 days later. All of the buds are at approximately the same height so they don’t block each others’ light. The entire canopy is filled with bud sites and the flowering formula is encouraging new bud formation. Growth is also helped by the increasing intensity of the sunlight and ambient light as spring draws closer. The buds will be ripe in 30-40 days. c
The garden set-up. Using a 600 watt HPS lamp and ambient light, C02 pads, a fivegallon container and planting mix.
SharkShock one month into flowering.
Close-up of flower, onemonth-old.
TIP OF THE MONTH Simple Salve Many of us use salves containing camphor, lidocaine, hot pepper, aspirin or other analgesics for pain relief. These salves can be made more efficacious by adding CBD and THC. Enriched salves will not get you high and will not show up on drug tests. There are several ways to add them to your favorite salve or lotion. Mix in finely powdered trim leaf. First grind it using a coffee bean grinder of blender. Before opening let the dust (glands) settle after grinding. Adding ethyl (drinking) alcohol, glycerin or vegetable oil to the powder before mixing helps the cannabinoids dissolve more easily. Mix cannabis tincture in to the salve. Make a poultice of cannabis chopped ground or powdered leaf using salve as a “binder.” Hold it in place with a bandage or wrap.
Copyright by Ed Rosenthal. All rights are reserved. First North American Magazine rights only are assigned to culture Magazine. No other reproduction of this material is permitted without the specific written permission of the author/copyright holder.
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RECIPES
growing
culture
Time to Go: March Weather: Mid-50s with light rainfall Budget: $$$$$
if you go:
modern marvel on the mediterranean
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by Sheryll Alexander Spain is a paradox when it comes to the cannabis industry, but it seems nothing can stop Barcelona from becoming Europe’s new cannabis capital. It’s true. Barcelona has pretty much eclipsed Amsterdam when it comes to the continent’s best of the best in cannabis travel. Why? While Amsterdam is the historic ground central for cannabis in Europe, Barcelona has emerged as the new “it” spot for cannabis enthusiasts and those enriched by the cannabiz. You see, Amsterdam is sleepy (and cold) and is now seen in jet set circles as more like a pilgrimage or a cannabis lover’s rite of passage. Barcelona, on the other hand, is lit. And this comes just two years after Spain’s Supreme Court came down with a ruling that almost put Barcelona’s exploding cannabis culture in the deep black market freeze. Since Spain’s highest court basically pronounced
Fun-Filled Facts During Spannabis from March. 10-12, Barcelona’s State Network of Anti-Prohibitionist Women (REMA) organization is sponsoring a women’s “gathering” as a precursor to World Cannabis Conferences III. REMA’s goal is to stop the stigmatization of female cannabis patients and to found a platform for women professionals and activists in the cannabiz.
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humungous cannabis clubs outlawed, the trends towards small clubs have meant an expansion from about 100 in 2015 to, some say, more than 800 today. What this means for travelers is complicated. The clubs get around the “ban” by cultivating plants on private property for consumption by just 100 or so “members” who all supposedly help in the growing. Whatever happens, your chance of getting your hands on some premium bud in Barcelona is high. Plus, experiencing Barcelona in early spring is just a delight in and of itself. This intensely gorgeous and highly urban city-by-the-sea comes alive with fresh foods, scented flowers, spring fashions, endless cultural activities and Spain’s biggest cannabis expo, Spannabis (this 13th edition will be held from March 10-12 at Barcelona’s Fira de Cornellá exposition center). c
To get around the illegal-yet-legal status of cannabis in Spain, savvy travelers sign up for a cannabis tour or connect in advance with a local who is an avid cannabis club member. Before flying off, they invite their newfound Spanish friends for a round or three of tapas or a delicious dinner followed by dancing while in town. It won’t be long until the new friend or a friend of a friend kicks down some of their private club-grown stash. Some clubs allow their members to invite respectable guests. Those who can’t wait for all the polite posturing, however, can stand next to a known-to-be-cool cannabis collective entrance. Dress your best and chat it up with an entering member. Perhaps you will be lucky enough to get that welcoming nod without the annoying legal risks of enjoying communal cannabis medicating in other European cities.
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Although celebrated more in Valencia and Madrid, St. Joseph’s Day or Spain’s Father’s Day is feted as a local holiday traditionally on March 19 (but lands on March 20 in 2017). This holy day honors the husband of The Virgin Mary with ceremonies, festivals, fireworks, papiermaché nativity scenes and native dress along with gifts and displays of affection to fathers of all kinds. 2
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Barbara “Barbie” Sommars
Age: 44
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Condition/Illness: Interstitial Cystitis, Hunner’s Ulcers and Chronic Pain
When did you start using medical cannabis? I started using medical cannabis shortly after my diagnosis in 2008. First with edibles and trying to master micro-dosing myself, and then I explored smoking and other methods like topicals, tinctures and patches. Did you try other methods or treatments before cannabis? Yes, I tried vicoprofen (opioids), as prescribed by my doctor, but declined the one FDA prescription prescribed for my condition due to undesirable side effects. Early on, I delved into all kinds of potential natural remedies including various herbs, acupuncture and exercises. I even had surgery in 2009. What’s the most important issue or
problem facing medical cannabis patients? Safe, reliable access. It has always been my biggest problem and continues to be. I live in an area where cannabis is not embraced so I must travel over an hour to obtain it legally. I think the other important issue is access to pesticidefree flower. It’s not very prevalent in SoCal but I think that will change with consumer demand. What do you say to folks who are skeptical about cannabis as medicine? It’s an ancient, healing herb! Don’t be afraid of it. It’s better for you than most things your doctor will prescribe. I’m appalled at some of the toxic and down-right dangerous medications some people take to get a good night’s rest. I will always go the natural route if possible. c
Are you an MMJ patient with a compelling story to tell? If so, we want to hear from you. Email your name, contact information and details about your experiences with medical cannabis to courage@ireadculture.com.
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culture growing RECIPES UNKNOWN DESTINATION
Spring Invigoration recipes by Laurie Wolf In terms of seasons, we’re finally approaching the light at the end of the tunnel. Spring is right on our doorstep; however the crisp chill of winter’s end may still linger throughout the month. While the country is preparing to wear shorts and t-shirts, don’t throw out your light sweaters and cozy socks just yet. As spring and winter battle it out, we’ll remain cozy in our homes whipping up delicious and hearty meals while dreaming of springtime flavors soon to come. Embrace the warmth and comfort of a cannabis-infused chicken pot pie while getting a taste for fresh roasted cauliflower and grill-inspired bacon-wrapped shrimp. Top it off with an addicting white chocolate bark, and you have a cannabis-infused meal worthy of staying inside—at least for a few more weeks.
Menu: Chicken Pot Pie Roasted Cauliflower with Cumin Bacon-Wrapped Shrimp White Chocolate Bark with Dried Cherries and Granola Snickerdoodle with Chocolate Drizzle
Chicken Pot Pie Covered with store bought piecrust or puff pastry, this is an easy way to enjoy an infused comfort food classic. Just breaking through the top crust is enough to give you goose bumps. If you have only had a frozen version of this dish, you are in for a treat. Ingredients: 3 tablespoons butter 4 teaspoons canna-butter t 1 stalk celery, sliced 1 carrot, peeled and sliced 1 teaspoon thyme 1/3 cup flour 2 cups chicken stock
Servings:
4
1/3 cup light cream or half and half 1 cup peas 3 cups chicken, cooked and cut in pieces Salt
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Puff pastry or piecrust 1 egg, beaten (optional) Directions: In a large sauté pan over low heat, melt the butters. Sauté the celery, carrot and thyme for 10 minutes. Add the flour to the mixture, and cook for 2 minutes, stirring occasionally. Add the stock, cream and peas, and mix well until vegetables are coated and the mixture starts to thicken. Stir in the chicken. Season with salt and pepper to taste. Heat oven to 340° F. Cut the puff pastry or piecrust to fit the tops of the 4 ramekins. Divide the mixture between the 4 ramekins, and top with the pastry. If desired brush the pastry with the beaten egg for a shiny, crisp crust. Make slits in the pastry with a sharp knife to let the steam escape. Bake for 25-30 minutes or until the crust is golden brown and the mixture is bubbling. MARCH 2017 iReadCULTURE.com
t Additional recipe can be found at iReadCulture.com
Local eateries with similar dishes:
Roasted Cauliflower with Cumin
Local 360 2234 1st Ave., Seattle (206) 441-9360 www.local360.org
Asado
This is a fantastic way to prepare the under-loved cauliflower. In the last year or two, cauliflower has begun to get the attention it deserves. Roasting this veggie is magical with cannabis and cuminperfection. Also, it looks so cool prepared this way! Ingredients:
2810 6th Ave., Tacoma (253) 272-7770 www.asadotacoma.com
Theo Chocolate 3400 Phinney Ave. N, Seattle (206) 632-5100 www.theochocolate.com
1 medium head cauliflower, sliced into 4 pieces 2 tablespoons olive oil 4 teaspoons canna-olive oil t 2 teaspoons cumin
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4
1 teaspoon cumin seeds Salt Pepper Directions: Heat oven to 340° F. Lay the slices of cauliflower on a baking sheet with sides. Brush with the oils, and sprinkle with the cumin, salt and pepper. Roast the cauliflower until golden and tender, about 25-30 minutes.
Bacon-Wrapped Shrimp Bacon and shrimp? Yes, please. Goat cheese too? Amazing. The addition of canna-olive oil takes this dish to a place that is beyond perfection. I always try to find nitrite-free bacon. It’s generally good quality, and who needs the extra chemicals? When bacon is cooking, all but the kosher must stop and give thanks. It tastes as good as it smells. Ingredients: 6 bacon slices, cut in halves 12 large raw shrimp, peeled and cleaned 4 teaspoons canna-olive oil t 3 tablespoons goat cheese, cold Squeeze of lemon Servings:
4
as an appetizer
Pinch of salt Directions: Heat oven to 340° F. In a medium saucepan over medium-low heat, cook the bacon about halfway. Remove bacon from pan, and allow it to cool. Place the shrimp on your work surface. Brush each shrimp with the canna-olive oil. Place a small piece of goat cheese on the shrimp in the center along with a squeeze of lemon and pinch of salt. Wrap the bacon around the shrimp, covering the cheese. Place on skewers all in the same direction. On a baking sheet with sides, place the bacon-wrapped shrimp, seam side down. Bake until the bacon is fully cooked and the shrimp are pink, 5-7 minutes.
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culture
Servings:
8
White Chocolate Bark with Dried Cherries and Granola
growing
Cannabis and white chocolate are perfect together. It seems like they just bring out the best in each other. Dried cherries and granola gild the proverbial lily. Ingredients: 2 cups white chocolate melts or chips 3 tablespoons canna-butter t 1 cup granola 1/3 cup dried cherries
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In a double boiler melt the chips with the canna-butter. Place a sheet of parchment on your work surface. Pour the white chocolate onto the parchment. Sprinkle the white chocolate with the granola and the cherries. Allow to set for at least one hour before breaking into pieces.
Snickerdoodle with Chocolate Drizzle
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With its sugar-cinnamon coating and chewy goodness, whoever thought a snickerdoodle could get better? Well, it has. With a bit of cannabis and a chocolate drizzle, this cookie may just become your new favorite. 2 1/2 cups flour
1 1/2 cups sugar
2 teaspoons cream of tartar
1 tablespoon vanilla
1 teaspoon baking soda
2 eggs
Pinch of salt
1/3 cup sugar
5 tablespoons butter, softened
1 1/2 tablespoons cinnamon
9 tablespoons cannabutter t, softened
1 cup chocolate chips 1 tablespoon plus one teaspoon butter
Directions: Heat oven to 340° F. In a medium bowl combine the flour, cream of tartar, baking soda and salt. In a mixing bowl beat the butter and sugar till fluffy. Add the vanilla and eggs and beat till incorporated. Stir in the dry ingredients until there is no flour showing. Chill the dough for 30 minutes. In a small bowl combine the 1/3 cup sugar with the cinnamon. Roll the dough into 1 1/2 inch balls. Roll the balls in the cinnamon sugar and place on parchment covered baking sheets. Place the balls of dough 2 inches apart. Bake until set, 8-10 minutes. Allow to cool thoroughly. In a double boiler combine the chips with the butter. Whisk until smooth. Drizzle the cooled cookies with the chocolate sauce. Allow to set.
Chef’s Notes Cream of tartar is what sets a snickerdoodle apart from a sugar cookie. It is responsible for the slight tanginess of the cookie and its almost pillow-like texture. A sugar cookie is crunchy, a snickerdoodle is soft. Legal Disclaimer Publishers of this publication are not making any representations with respect to the safety or legality of the use of medical marijuana. The recipes listed here are for general entertainment purposes only, and are intended for use only where medical marijuana is not a violation of state law. Edibles can vary in potency while a consumers’ weight, metabolism and eating habits may affect effectiveness and safety. Ingredient management is important when cooking with cannabis for proper dosage. Please consume responsibly and check with your doctor before consumption to make sure that it is safe to do so.
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Chuck Shepherd's
News of the
Weird
LEAD STORY—Post-Truth Society u In January, the U.S. Court of Appeals finally pulled the plug on Orange County, California, social workers who had been arguing in court for 16 years that they were not guilty of lying under oath because, after all, they did not understand that lying under oath in court is wrong. The social workers had been sued for improperly removing children from homes and defended their actions by inventing “witnesses” to submit made-up testimony. Their lawyers had been arguing that the social workers’ “due process” rights were violated in the lawsuit because in no previous case
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on record did a judge ever have occasion to explicitly spell out that creating fictional witness statements is not permitted. THE WAY THE WORLD WORKS u Former elementary school teacher Maria Caya, who was allowed to resign quietly in 2013 from her Janesville, Wisconsin, school after arriving drunk on a student field trip, actually made money on the incident. In November 2016, the city agreed to pay a $75,000 settlement—because the police had revealed her bloodalcohol level to the press in 2013 (allegedly, “private” medical information). The lawsuit against the police made no mention of Caya’s having been drunk or passed out, but only that she had “become ill.” THE REDNECK CHRONICLES u (1) John Bubar, 50, was arrested in Parsonsfield,
Maine, in November after repeatedly lifting his son’s mobile home with his frontend loader and dropping it. The father and son had been quarreling over rent payments and debris in the yard, and the father only eased up after realizing that his grandson was still inside the home. (2) Update: The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission reversed itself in December and allowed Mary Thorn of Lakeland to keep her 6-footlong pet alligator (“Rambo”) at home with her despite a regulation requiring that a gator that size needs a more spacious roaming area. Thorn and Rambo have been together for over a decade. UNCLEAR ON THE CONCEPT u “I’m (as) tired of hearing the word ‘creep’ as any black person or gay person is of hearing certain words,” wrote Lucas Werner, 37, on his Facebook page in December after he was
banned from a Starbucks in Spokane, Washington, for writing a polite dating request to a teenaged barista. Managers thought Werner was harassing the female, who is at least the age of consent, but Werner charged illegal “age discrimination” and made a “science” claim that “age gap love” makes healthier babies. QUESTIONABLE JUDGMENTS u David Martinez, 25, was shot in the stomach during a brawl in New York City in December. He had inadvertently initiated the chaos when, trying to park in Manhattan’s East Village just after Saturday midnight, he moved an orange traffic cone that had obviously been placed to reserve the parking space. He apparently failed to realize that the parking spot was in front of the clubhouse of Hells Angels, whose members happened to take notice.
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