CONTENTS 1– 2: Introduction 3-4: Globalisation 5-6: Industry and Consumer Insights 7-12: The changing face of Beauty as a result of Globalisation 13-18: A borderless globe and the impact on the travel industry 19-30: Fashion on a global runway 31– 34: The Arts 35-36: Conclusion Word Count: 3,224
GLOBALISATION
INTRODUCTION
This report is intended to highlight how Globalisation has evolved and its current stance in regards to its effects on both consumer and industry behaviour. Using secondary research methods both online and offline, to analyse the evolution and progression of the trend in order to develop an insight into the future, developing an interlinking concept of the importance of the trend and how both brands and consumers can benefit from it.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.1-2
Globalisation is an internationally favoured movement, whether conscious of it or not, globalisation is the catalyst and core principle of international integration and is therefore instrumental to consumer lifestyle and the evolution of the human race. (Chomsky, 2008) Essentially globalisation has been the process of an interconnected, and therefore interdependent world, the term can be used to define the accelerated development of connection and communication due to advances in technologies and the growth of multi -national corporations due to the ease of travel and trade, enabling mass consumerism and consequently cultural integration.
GLOBALISATION
The evolution of globalisation itself can be intangibly observed in the format of Friedman’s three eras of globalisation theory. Friedman claims “We have progressed through globalisation that was based around countries to one based around companies, but now, the current era of globalisation is built around individu-
~Globalisation 1.0 – shrunk the world from a size large to a size medium, 1492-1800. ~Globalisation 2.0- shrunk the world from a medium to a size small, 18002000
~Globalisation 3.0 – shrunk the world from a size small to tiny, 2001 – present
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.3-4
“transnationalism and layers of identity are becoming more common, particularly among the young. You might have a specific religion, then be into a specific music genre, you might have family from different origins. In the current age, our ideas around identity shift very quickly.� . (LS:N Global, 2015)
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.5-6
INDUSTRY AND CONSUMER INSIGHTS ...
THE CHANGING FACE OF BEAUTY AS A RESULT OF GLOBALISATION
National Geographic recently released the forecasted ‘face of America’ for 2050, using computer generated portraits to translate the message that “race is no longer so black and white”, (Funderburg, 2015) it is estimated that the US for example, will be majority non-Caucasian in the next thirty five years. With the progression of a multicultural world accelerating more than ever, currently “there are (currently) 232 million people globally living outside the country in which they were born” (LS:N GLOBAL, 2015), with “Urban innovators and early adopters developing a colour-blind mind set”, with more diversity and consequential tolerance coming through in the consumer behaviour of millennials and more so in generation Z.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.7-8
As a direct result of interracial marriages stemming from the advancements of globalisation, “driven by a more comprehensive approach to identity and the modern rebranding of feminism, making for an all-inclusive world view no longer constrained by gender, sexuality or ethnicity” (WGSN, 2015) the beauty industry has reacted to cater for emerging and blending markets. It is reported that “the multicultural beauty products market continues to outpace the growth of the overall market for cosmetics and toiletries, posting a 3.7% increase in 2014.” (Kline, 2015) Leading beauty brands such as Lancome are set to release a more extensive selection of foundation shades in 2015, with ten more shades on their existing twenty shade product line. Whilst luxury brand Yves Saint Laurent has been researching for the past nine years in anticipation of a comprehensive foundation line, catering for up to twenty two different skin tones. These brands are demonstrating a sensitive shift in reaction to the effect of globalisation and it can be expected many more beauty brands will swiftly follow suit creating an effective marketing technique with regards to sensitively catering for emerging markets.
THE CHANGING FACE OF BEAUTY AS A RESULT OF GLOBALISATION
Halal beauty is becoming an ever more demanded product, more than 1.7 billion people make up for the global Muslim community. With more and more members becoming image conscious, voicing their demand for beauty products that don’t negotiate with their beliefs. As westernisation, a derivation of globalisation, creates a massive impact on the beauty ideals of women, the beauty market has flourished and expectedly created an emerging market for such products that allow women across the world to correlate their traditional cultural beliefs with a more developed and integrated concept of beauty. The products demanded are a lot more socially conscious with regards to varying aspects of manufacture, conforming to the faith of the market, fair trade and overall use of organic ingredients is crucial.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.9-10
The Halal beauty market is demanding products that are transparent in content and ingredients, yet provide the credentials of leading beauty branded products. Highlighting the scope and opportunity of this ever growing market, the forecasted worth is set to increase from $26billion to $39billion by 2018. (Das, 2015) One brand currently dominating the market is Ida halal Care, launched in India in 2014 the brand’s portfolio consists of 60 products, yet to expand further than India. With few brands currently on the market, offering a niche product line there is an evidential opening for market entry, “spread all over the world, this market is diverse and often misunderstood but brands would do well to remember this: don’t lie, don’t pander, don’t patronise and above all appreciate that their faith is not up for compromise.” (Bailey, 2015) In catering for this market brands would benefit, building relationships and connecting with the consumer on an emotional level. 2015 saw the birth of a new subculture, christened the millennial mipsterz, representative of the current state of cultural integration, Mipsterz are a “seamless blend of east and west, socially conscious, highly educated and religiously devoted.” (Macdonald, 2015) highlighting further the accelerating power of this emerging market.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.11-12
THE CHANGING FACE OF BEAUTY AS A RESULT OF GLOBALISATION
In further relation to the beauty industry, there is an ongoing consumer debate regarding ‘cultural appropriation’ vs ‘cultural appreciation’. The term ‘cultural appropriation’ currently stands in the top one hundred google searches of 2015. “Cultural appropriation is the practice of borrowing traditional artefacts, customs, rituals, or dress from another culture, often done without regard for the significance of such articles in their society of origin.” (Eckhardt, 2015) For example, in Halloween of October 2015, global internet fashion retailer ASOS, promoted the Hindu traditional headwear of a Bindi within their Halloween costume section, seen as an act of negative cultural appropriation, the reaction from varying consumer segments highlighted the importance that brands conform strictly to this ideal. “It is insulting for members of foreign nations and their descendants to witness their treasured ethnic traditions reduced to cheap and hollow caricatures, all in the name of commercialism.” (Eckhardt, 2015) With bindis, henna and Native American headdresses all coming to the forefront of western fashion in recent years, at events such as music festivals, it comes as no surprise that this consumer debate is now more prominent than ever. Highlighting the stagnant sensitivity toward multiculturalism that must be carried out by brands.
A BORDERLESS GLOBE AND THE IMPACT ON THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY
It can be deemed that the ease of travel is one of the most catalysing factors of globalisation, the coining of the term ‘borderless globe’ representing the advancements of the industry. With budget airlines such as EasyJet and Ryanair being more prominent than ever on the travel market, resulting in an almost peripatetic workforce of the world. Alongside advancements in connective technology delivering a growing ease of travel with mobile app services such as Uber demonstrating the effortless credentials of travel today. With reference to the future there are multiple contributing factors that are set to enhance and accommodate globalisation within the travel industry.
Virtual reality travel indicates a new window for consumers to experience the world. With a forecast of 170 million Virtual Reality users by 2018 and subsequent revenue raising to $5.2billion from 2014’s $684million (Housley, 2015). highlighting this indicatively growing commerce. Whether it’s for entertainment or informative purposes it’s evidential that virtual reality is a method to take on board for brands who want to stay at the forefront of globalisation. For example, in September 2014 Marriott hotels announced the introduction of ‘The Teleporter by Marriott Hotels’ portrayed as “a totally immersive 4D virtual reality travel experience.” The advanced technology “delivers sensory inputs to the body” to allow the user to really feel like they are in a virtual world, travelling to various locations without moving at all. Although such developments are only currently in their very early stages and it will be sometime before this starts to make its way into the mainstream we must question the impact that this will have both on the future of tourism and consequently local culture.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.13-14
By travelling virtually, is this bypassing human interaction and essentially “what travel does for the human soul” (MacDonald, 2015), cutting out cultural integration, an incremental factor of globalisation. There is an ongoing consumer trend for encounter culture, it is claimed that “Discovery will be key for 2017: with the global travel boom, both new and more experienced travellers will be looking for unique encounters, to uncover and discover the best-kept secrets of the world” (MacDonald et al., 2015). As influences influx from every continent rather than just the western world as an effect of globalisation, it must be ensured that virtual reality only enhances this further. Creating a broader cultural landscape that consumers can learn from, rather than creating a caged view of the world for users, resulting in an ignorant understanding of a synonymous world, Author Mark Twain highlights this notion in his novel The Innocents Abroad, “Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry, and narrow-mindedness, and many of our people need it sorely on these accounts. Broad, wholesome, charitable views of men and things cannot be acquired by vegetating in one little corner of the earth all one's lifetime.” (Twain, Cardwell and Twain, 1984)
A BORDERLESS GLOBE AND THE IMPACT ON THE TRAVEL INDUSTR
2015 sees the slackening of the trade and travel limitations of Cuba, opening up a whole new tourism market for the country and in return a whole new batch of cultural influences with Cuban art and design principles acting as a springboard. It is anticipated that the rebirth of Cuba will be a heavily influencing factor with regards to trend forecasting for Spring/Summer 2016. In Alexa Chung’s YouTube series collaboration with Vogue that explores the future of fashion, it is highlighted how the expected “influx of tourism to Cuba” (BRITISH VOGUE, 2015) is heavily influencing forecasted fashion trends for Spring/Summer 17 at trend forecasting agency WGSN, a website that thousands of brands subscribe to gain inspiration.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.15-16
With respects to Cuban Art in particular, the Havana Biennial, a showcase that exists to promote the developing world through contemporary art, from artists from Latin America, the Caribbean, Africa and the middle east sold out almost instantaneously of it’s opening, (WGSN, 2015)with art collectors from around the world looking to curate the pieces that represent this huge shift in culture, effectively due to globalisation.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.17-18
A BORDERLESS GLOBE AND THE IMPACT ON THE TRAVEL INDUSTRY
Flight company emirates released a promotional video on 5th November 2015 showcasing humans wearing jet packs flying alongside an airbus, the company revealed the theory behind the video was to “showcase just how far aviation has come� (Atkin, 2015) and cast an insight into the future of physical human travel as we know it. In regards to commercial air travel, the recent announcement of Airbus receiving the approved patent of a plane that can reach 3,000mph (and essentially allowing flyers to go from London to New York in the space of an hour), (Lismore, 2015) alongside Skylon receiving an investment from the UK government for $60million for the development of a plane that incorporates the concept of lowcost space travel (indicative that flying from London to Sydney in four hours could be a possibility of the future) (Lismore, 2015). Hinting at the vast potential of travel for the future. It is apparent that the advancements in technology will only ease travel further, and the concept of a borderless globe will be ever more prominent. Cutting both transportation and communication time drastically, increasing the ease of trade ever more. However, we must also analyse the impacts such advances will have locally, with more ease than ever before; how can local culture be maintained without the world becoming synonymous? If one can travel to gain cheaper supplies due to exchange rates internationally, how will this impact local industries?
FASHION ON A GLOBAL RUNWAY FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.19-20
Globalisation has undoubtedly left a lasting impact on the fashion industry and is crucial to its evolution with regards to trend forecasting. There is, however, an argument that globalisation has contributed to cultural erosion leading to the damaging of local culture. Due to the fact that the world stands at a more interconnected level, through the power of social media and international brands, the adoption of trends is now more reactant than ever. “The mass market retail sector is increasingly seen as more reactive than innovative and despite the number of agencies now operating, many major companies are obtaining information from the same place, causing the high street to become overburdened with facsimile products� (Hart, 2015, future of fashion forecasting [online] 05/11/2015).
FASHION ON A GLOBAL RUNWAY
One key driver of globalisation can be identified in transnational corporations and their brand messages, it is estimated that “in Britain we spend £60billion on new clothes each year, disposable fashion made cheap by foreign labour costs less than ever, and we’re buying more and more of it” (BBC2, Secret life of your Clothes [TV] 05/11/2015) but with fast fashion comes the concept of disposability. Fashion brands are reacting to the current state of globalisation in a number of ways, a prime example comes in the form of the second biggest global apparel retailer, H and M. Whom launched a new product line entitled Close the Loop intended to create a closed loop on the lifecycle of garments, not only does this collection aim to combat sustainability in fashion, an issue that is concurrent, and can in some ways be seen as a result of, globalisation. The campaign for the collection incorporates consumers from almost every demographic, with the main message encouraging the concept of cultural integration, glamourising the notion to break all the rules with regards to conforming to ideals and stereotypes, except one, to recycle your clothes.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.21-22
“ Creating a closed loop for textiles, in which unwanted clothes can be recycled into new ones, will not only minimize textile waste, but also significantly reduce the need for virgin resources as well as other impacts fashion has on our planet� (Persson, 2015)
FASHION ON A GLOBAL RUNWAY FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.23-24
Swedish fashion retailer & Other Stories, coincidentally also under the H and M group, launched a campaign solely produced by transgender individuals from the models, to the photographers and stylists. In one hand it can be argued that this is in fact capitalising on the community and segregating them further, conversely, the brand can be seen as giving the community a platform to voice their narrative and catapult both the brand and the LGBT community into the forefront of an ever progressing world. “by casually giving meaning and depth to a campaign in an industry known for its objectification and narrow views of beauty, & Other Stories comes across as an intelligent and thoughtful retailer voicing its support at an important moment in LGBT history� (Aldenton, 2015)
FASHION ON A GLOBAL RUNWAY
Ever successful British fashion retailer, Topshop, can be regarded at the forefront of globalisation in a different way, adapting virtual reality interaction into the showcasing of their Topshop UNIQUE collections at London Fashion weeks since A/W14. With the trailer for their first show pioneering such technology inviting consumers to “get the complete experience wherever you are�, sending out a global invitation. The brand gave headsets to consumers in their flagship store catapulting the regular consumer into a 360 degree view of the front row and backstage at one of the most talked about shows in the world. (Bold, 2015) Using advanced technologies not only sets the brand one step ahead of competitors but also generates a worldwide hype surrounding the brand, consumers begin to use hashtags to get involved and not only does this allow consumer interaction but also spreads the brand name further.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.25-26
Topshop’s Spring/Summer 2015 UNIQUE show advanced even more and adopts the show on a more social scale. Showcasing the looks directly to Facebook as they appear on the catwalk and using five renowned Instagrammers to showcase behind the scenes photos across social media incorporates the idea that they are reaching out on a more global scale, the development “demonstrates Topshop’s bold use of digital to reach fashion lovers around the world and offer them a truly unique way to interact with the action from London as it happens”. (Faull, 2015) With Topshop and other brands such as Burberry for example, adopting the concept of live streaming relatively early, the question that begins to arise is how else virtual reality will evolve in the world of mass retail? It’s evident that this is a key element for brands to embrace in the future to ensure not only competitive advantage, but also interaction with borderless mind set consumers; Consumers from around the globe whom are no longer defined by their demographic state as an effect of the current third era of globalisation.
FASHION ON A GLOBAL RUNWAY
It’s expected that brands will begin to develop into interactive experiences that in turn deliver transactional conclusions, using virtual reality within retail will allow for “immersive and contextual experiences, that reach beyond existing physical and digital channels to create a very new, and very real type of shopping experience: vcommerce” (Slobin, 2015) it’s anticipated that by 2018 $4billion will be invested in the virtual and mobile augmented reality market. Virtual reality opens up a whole new view with the concept of 360 degrees immersive experiences. With brands ranging from Luxury design house Dior to reputable outdoor brand North Face adopting marketing techniques that utilise the advanced technologies, already outlining the exact scope and potential of this concept that is on the vanguard of brand communication. The current common concept is mainly based around Smartphone utilisation, enhanced using Google cardboard, of which currently retails around the $20 mark, making it already an accessible method for many brands.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.27-28
With regards to the future of virtual reality within fashion it is hoped that the utilisation can also enhance data generation as well as PR. To enable advancements in tailored marketing for consumers, with virtual reality “you can see how they interact, what they look at, what they spend their time with, and more. Essentially you’re getting data on how they move through a store, and that’s the Holy Grail”. (Slobin, 2015) To counter argue the idea of virtual reality retail we can look to the obstacle of time, using such techniques and essentially immersing the customer into an experience means embracing more of the slow movement, building emotional associations through the use of virtual reality will enhance brand to consumer relationships yet indicate a move away from the fast paced, high-street purchasing process.
FASHION ON A GLOBAL RUNWAY
One prominent consumer behavioural trend recurring currently is the rise of the #CHELFIE, (the changing room selfie) shared on social media, consumers are using #CHELFIE images to gain second opinion on purchasing decisions. This behavioural trend correlates with the increased connectivity and integrated sharing of opinion that has been fuelled by globalisation. Brands are starting to capitalise on the #CHELFIE, with Pixglass developing a mirror with an integrated camera that takes and sends pictures directly to your phone. The trend is also beginning to filter through into the in-store experience where both Tommy Hilfiger and Chanel have installed ipads into their changing rooms. (Williams, 2015)
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.29-30
We are now seeing brands from Urban Outfitters to Anne Summers, posting specific hashtags within their changing rooms encouraging consumers to share their #CHELFIEs across social media, raising both brand awareness and sales. With “mobile browsing set to replace desktop in as little as eighteen months” (Adobe digital index, 2015) highlighting an indicative call for brands to integrate smartphone utilisation into their marketing and communications as much as possible. Working with this consumer trend, alongside the concept of virtual reality will enable brands to create an intertwined in store environment of both the physical and digital worlds. (Bath, 2015) However, we must also challenge the social impact the active encouragement of social media will take on brands with more and more consumers committing “social media suicide” and the “fear of going out” taking over the clichéd ‘FOMO’ trend (Williams, 2015), alongside Snapchat seeing an increase in users due its disposable content, (Bell, 2015) brands must be careful not to bypass the early adopters and innovators that are pioneering such behaviour.
THE ARTS_
With globalisation being a key fuelling factor in the growth of multi-national corporations and the average consumer being subliminally faced with over 5000 brand messages day, it is no surprise that artists from around the world have been displaying an act of rebellion and counter arguments toward global consumption. In September 2015, Renowned British street artist Banksy unveiled latest project entitled Dismaland, existing to challenge viewer’s (and the everyday consumer’s) perceptions of multi-national corporations and their agenda. Described as a “show that twisted art culture and brands together to make a statement.” (Deakin, 2015) the exhibition generated a social media uproar with its unannounced unveiling and consequent sharing of visitor photos across social media platforms such as Instagram.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.31-32
Banksy’s exhibition correlates with the consumer behaviour trend that is calling for a “no bullshit” approach to advertising, demanding a move away from the global homogeneous advertising landscape. Seeing brands replace adverts with art as a reaction; an app entitled “NO AD” (Williams, 2015) allows users to point their phone at generic advertisements that adorn such congested places as the New York Subway and replaces them on the users phone screen with curated digital art, reinstalling art culture into an otherwise facsimile landscape. But how can brands learn from these anti-consumption agendas? There has already been an emergence where “we have some brands attempting to force themselves on consumers as more than just products now days or more commonly as in-your-face curators of culture in the hope their brand’s logo-mark will be big and present on whatever platform it is featured on in the hope it shifts some units.” (Deakin, 2015), yet it is questionable how subtle their agenda is so far, being conscious to such demonstrations of consumer behaviour and responses in industries such as Art will allow brands to stay one step ahead and rather than feel victimised by such actions, essentially learn from and utilise them as a marketing technique.
THE ARTS_
Taking into account the effects globalisation has had on us socially, with dwindling attention spans and the contracting worlds of digital and physical closing ever more, it comes as no surprise that exhibitions are looking to adapt to keep up. It is said that by 2017 the average human attention span will last as little as five seconds, currently in 2015 it stands at eight seconds. (Williams, 2015) indicating the acceleration of the active decrease and the consequential impact on consumer behavioural tendencies. Identifying such change within the human cognitive system will allow brands to ensure effective consumer engagement, developing new ways to hold the attention span of consumers will only advance brands further.
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.33-34
The Tate Sensorium indicates a new emerging concept surrounding exhibition, alongside The National Gallery’s ‘Soundscapes’ it is ever more emerging into high profile galleries the concept of extra sensory exhibition, highlighting the possible future direction. Exploring how human senses can influence one another, and essentially creating an interesting differentiation and consequent attraction. The Tate Sensorium partners taste, sound, touch and smell elements developed by professionals in each field, with renowned famous paintings from artists such as Francis Bacon and Richard Hamilton. When attending the exhibition the viewer is given a sensory monitoring device to wear on their wrist, of which records their electro-dermal activity “visitors will be provided with their data and a personalised map of Tate Britain showing other works that might resonate with the senses” (Davis, 2015) tying the ever growing trend of personalisation with more immersive experiences, conglomerates elements of stimulation to move away from the facsimile environment that has been a result of globalisation.
Throughout this report there are evidential interlinking factors across varying industries that highlight the prominence of globalisation as a trend and signify its force behind evolution. With digital connectivity and advances in technology being the main factors that are enhancing globalisation, leading to an increasing ease in both trade and travel, enhancing brand to consumer communication. Globalisation allows the ability to develop cultural integration and rectify the concept of appropriation, with current consumer attitudes more attentive than ever to the way brands approach these incremental areas. Signifying that globalisation allows brands to tap into culture in a number of ways but it is evident that they must be sensitive and appropriate, building relationships with consumers and connecting with them on an emotional level.
CONCLUSION FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION.35-36
There are numerous channels that have become apparent throughout the research that indicate how brands can develop and build on these relationships; Blurring the lines between the physical and digital world through virtual reality and immersive branding is apparent. Approaching current and forecasted consumer behaviour tentatively, will allow brands to ensure they are reacting and catering for the consumer in an efficient way. With the decreasing attention span of the human cognitive system being the main indicator that brands need to look to alternative methods to both seek awareness and loyalty, differentiation is essential in an increasingly homogenous market place, brands can look to seek inspiration from both The Arts and Travel industries that are reaching out to the consumer, appealing to them on a multi-sensory level. Multi-channel interaction is a prominent form of communication in today’s globalised market place and it is vital that brands follow this method to stay prominent in the borderless mind set of today’s consumer.
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ILLUSTRATIONS List of illustrations Front Page http://www.viralnova.com/to-be-human/ Introduction https://www.bloglovin.com/blogs/youre-pretty-bitch-3332884/photo-2654795343 Globalisation https://www.lsnglobal.com/macro-trends/article/18091/neutral-culture http://glendaleon.com/index.php?/work/objects-and-installations/ Industry insights https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/aa/d8/21/aad82106797ccaae3a486ad678d02dc5.jpg Beauty http://www.lifehack.org/articles/lifestyle/how-americans-will-look-like-2050.html http://humanae.tumblr.com/ http://www.blackhairinformation.com/general-articles/playlists/15-albino-women-and-girls-with-gorgeous-natural-hairgallery/ http://saltysojourn.tumblr.com/post/92645090115/bouncecomics-techlime-not-your-trend Travel http://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/24283/1/inside-the-age-of-earthquakes https://www.flickr.com/photos/flamed/4813117258/ http://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/havana-cuba-travel-slideshow http://www.konbini.com/en/lifestyle/skylon-fly-london-sydney-4-hours/
FUTURE THINKING_GLOBALISATION
Fashion http://aphrochic.com/2014/03/20/pattern-on-pattern-inspiration-from-stella-jean-and-tata-naka/ http://www.instyle.co.uk/fashion/news/hm-close-the-loop-video-plus-size-muslim-and-sikh-models http://www.wgsn.com/blogs/and-other-stories-all-transgender-campaign-says-a-lot-about-fashions-support-forthis-community/ https://www.inition.co.uk/case_study/virtual-reality-catwalk-show-topshop/ http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2014-02/12/topshop-inition-partnership/viewgallery/332342 http://www.wgsn.com/content/image_viewer/#/image.22951474/set/%5B%22image.22321428%22,% 22image.22848690%22,%22image.22951472%22,%22image.22848691%22,%22image.22951474%22,% 22image.22951470%22,%22image.22951471%22,%22image.22951473%22,%22image.22321429%22,% 22image.22951475%22%5D http://www.wgsn.com/content/board_viewer/#/56979/page/12 The arts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V2NG-MgHqEk http://cookiepeste.tumblr.com/post/78375104100 http://www.thisiscolossal.com/2015/08/dismaland/ http://london.lecool.com/event/tate-sensorium/