HUMANITIES ALIVE
JACARANDA
DARLINGTON | JACKSON | RICHARDSON | PRICE | BEDSON | PHELAN
AUSTRALIAN CURRICULUM | THIRD EDITION
HUMANITIES ALIVE 10
AUSTRALIAN CURRICULUM | THIRD EDITION
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JACARANDA
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JACARANDA
HUMANITIES ALIVE 10
AUSTRALIAN CURRICULUM | THIRD EDITION
ROBERT DARLINGTON
LUKE JACKSON
MATTHEW RICHARDSON
SIMON PHELAN
JILL PRICE
CATHY BEDSON
DENISE MILES
KINGSLEY HEAD
JANE WILSON
BENJAMIN ROOD
HELEN RABENDA
CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS
Samuel Islip | Alex Scott | Ashley Wood
REVIEWED BY Courtney Rubie, Wiradjuri woman
Rachel Wallis, Wiradjuri woman
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Third edition published 2023 by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd
Level 4, 600 Bourke Street, Melbourne, Vic 3000
First edition published 2013
Second edition published 2018
Typeset in 10.5/13 pt TimesLT Std
© John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2013, 2018
The moral rights of the authors have been asserted.
ISBN: 978-1-394-15078-6
Reproduction and communication for educational purposes
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All activities have been written with the safety of both teacher and student in mind. Some, however, involve physical activity or the use of equipment or tools. All due care should be taken when performing such activities. Neither the publisher nor the authors can accept responsibility for any injury that may be sustained when completing activities described in this textbook.
This suite of print and digital resources may contain images of, or references to, members of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities who are, or may be, deceased. These images and references have been included to help Australian students from all cultural backgrounds develop a better understanding of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ history, culture and lived experience. Wherever possible, culturally sensitive material has been flagged with a disclaimer at the beginning of a lesson to help teachers and students navigate the material.
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2.1
2.2 How do we know about World War II?
2.3 How did the Nazis take power in Germany? 000
2.4 Where did Japanese aggression begin?............................................................. 000
2.5 What steps led to war in Europe? .................. 000
2.6 How did the war progress up to 1944? .......... 000
2.7 Where did Australians fight up to 1942? ........ 000
2.8 How did Japan change the war for Australia? 000
2.9 Why did Australians fight on the Kokoda Track? 000
2.10 Where else did Australians serve in the war? 000
2.11 What were the experiences of Australian POWs? 000
2.12 What was the war like on the Australian home front? .................................................... 000
2.13 How did Australian women contribute to the war effort? 000
2.14 How did the war affect relations with the United States? 000
2.15 How did the war end? 000
2.16 What war crimes were committed and how were they punished? 000
2.17 How were Australia’s international relations changed by the war? 000
2.18 How has the war been commemorated and what debates have been contested? ............. 000
2.19 INQUIRY: Recognising and honouring First Nations Australians’ service in World War II 000
2.20
3 Rights and freedoms (1945
000
4
5
world (1945
Contents About this resource 000 Acknowledgements 000 ■ HISTORY 0 00 1 History concepts and skills 0 00 1.1 Overview 000 1.2 Concepts in History 000 1.3 Skills in History 000
SkillBuilder: Sequencing events
chronological order �������������������������
SkillBuilder: Analysing
SkillBuilder: Analysing
and
posters���������������������������������������������� 1.7 SkillBuilder: Historical debate �������� 1.8 Review 000
World War II 0 00
1.4
in
1.5
cause and effect with graphic organisers 1.6
political cartoons
propaganda
2
Overview 000
000
Review
to present) 0 00
Overview 000
What
and freedoms? 000
The beginnings of
Australian protest
000 3.4 The Stolen Generations 000 3.5 Influence on Australia of civil rights movements abroad ............................................................ 000 3.6 The Freedom Ride in Australia ....................... 000 3.7 Being counted ................................................ 000 3.8 Torres Strait Islander rights and freedoms ..... 000 3.9 The Aboriginal Tent Embassy ......................... 000 3.10 Land rights and protests ................................ 000 3.11 Reconciliation ................................................. 000 3.12 Fighting for equity .......................................... 000 3.13 The struggle continues ................................... 000 3.14 INQUIRY: Comparing perspectives 000 3.15 Women’s influence on Australian politics 000 3.16 The changing status of Australian women 000 3.17 The women’s rights movement today 000 3.18 Review 000
3.1
3.2
do sources tell us about rights
3.3
a First Nations
movement
Migration experiences 0 00
Overview 000
How do we know about migration experiences? .................................................. 000
What were the effects of Australia’s changing immigration policy? 000
What opportunities and challenges were experienced by immigrants to Australia? 000
How has Australia’s immigration policy evolved? 000
How are asylum
and
treated in Australia? 000
How do migrants contribute to Australia? 000
INQUIRY: Compare sources to answer a historical question .......................................... 000
Review ............................................................ 000
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
seekers
refugees
4.7
4.8
4.9
Globalising
to
0 00 5.1 Overview 000 5.2 How do we know about the moder n world? 000 5.3 The world after World War II 000 5.4 Post-war Australia: the 1950s 000 5.5 The Cold War 000 5.6 Australia and its neighbours 000 5.7 Sport and society 000 5.8 The rock‘n’roll revolution 000 CONTENTS v
present)
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5.9
5.10
5.11 The evolution of television as a cultural influence .........................................................
5.12 The Australian film industry: post-war to today 000
7.12 SkillBuilder: Constructing and describing complex choropleth maps������������������������������
7.13 SkillBuilder: Evaluating alter native responses �����������������������������������������
7.14 SkillBuilder: Drawing a futures wheel
5.13 Our changing way of life 000
5.14
5.15
6.1
6.2
6.3 Why were national parks established? 000
6.4 Growing impacts on the environment 000
6.5 What led to the contemporary environment movement? 000
6.6 How do people defend the environment? 000
6.7 What were the causes and consequences of the Atomic Age? 000
6.8 How have gover nments addressed global environmental issues? 000
6.9 What does Australia’s environmental future look like? ........................................................ 000
7.15 SkillBuilder: Comparing aerial photographs to investigate spatial change over time
7.16 SkillBuilder: Describing change over time ������������������������������������������
7.17 SkillBuilder: Building a map with geographic information systems (GIS) ��������������
7.18 SkillBuilder: Using Excel to construct population pyramids ������
7.19 SkillBuilder: How to develop a structured and ethical approach to research ���������������������������������������
7.20 SkillBuilder: Understanding policies and strategies ��������������������
7.21 SkillBuilder: Debating like a geographer������������������������������������
7.22 SkillBuilder: Writing a geographical essay �������������������������
7.23 Review 000
8
8.4
8.6
9
7.4
change and management
7.6
7.7 SkillBuilder: Comparing an aerial photograph and a topographic map �����������������������������
7.8 SkillBuilder: Using geographic information systems (GIS) ��������������
7.9 SkillBuilder: Constructing and interpreting a scattergraph
7.10 SkillBuilder: Interpreting a cartogram�����������������������������������������
7.11 SkillBuilder: Using multiple data formats�������������������������������������
9.3 How do we manage environmental change?
9.4 How does salinity change the environment?
9.5 How does desertification change the environment?
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9.6 How do invasive species change the environment?
9.7 How do native species change the environment?
9.8 How do First Nations Australians manage the land?
Waves of migration 000
Global political and social influences on popular culture 000
000
Continuity and change in beliefs and values 000
000
INQUIRY: Teenagers through the decades
000
The environment
0 00
5.16 Review
6
movement
Overview 000
000
What do sources tell us about the environment movement?
Review 000 ■ GEOGRAPHY 0 00
0 00
Overview......................................................... 000
Concepts in Geography ................................. 000
Skills used in Geography................................ 000
6.10 INQUIRY: Interrogate sources to form a reasoned opinion on a historic debate 000 6.11
7 Geographical concepts and skills
7.1
7.2
7.3
SkillBuilder:
������������������
Interpreting a complex block diagram
7.5 SkillBuilder: Creating a fishbone diagram
SkillBuilder: Reading topographic maps at an advanced level �������������
Introducing
and management
Overview 000
How do we interact with the environment? 000
Is climate change heating the Earth? 000
environmental change
0 00 8.1
8.2
8.3
How do
climate change? ............... 000
Is Australia’s climate changing?
000
we tackle
8.5
.....................
Investigating
INQUIRY:
Review
topographic maps — Environmental change in Jindabyne 000 8.7
Extreme weather 000 8.8
000
Overview
L and environments:
9.1
9.2 What are the causes and impacts of environmental change?
vi C ONTENTS
9.9 INQUIRY: First Nations Australians, land practices
9.10 Investigating topographic maps — Managing environmental change in the Parwan Valley
9.11 Review
10 Inland water: change and management
10.1 Overview
10.2 What is inland water?
10.3 Why dam rivers?
10.4 What are some alternatives to dams?
10.5 What happens when water is diverted?
10.6 How do we use wetlands?
10.7 Investigating topographic maps — Wetlands along the Murray River
10.8 INQUIRY: The Menindee Lakes fish kill
10.9 Review
11 Coast change and management
0 00
11.1 Overview......................................................... 000
11.2 How are coasts formed and changed? .......... 000
11.3 What are the challenges to coastal environments? 000
11.4 How do we manage coastal change? 000
11.5 INQUIRY: Threats to the Great Barrier Reef 000
11.6 Investigating topographic maps: Consequences of coastal change in Merimbula 000
11.7 Review 000
12 Marine environments: change and management
12.1 Overview
12.2 What is so special about marine environments?
12.3 Why is there plastic in the ocean?
12.4 How does debris change marine e nvironments?
12.5 How do ghost nets create environmental change?
12.6 How is marine debris being dealt with in different places?
12.7 What strategies are in place to deal with marine litter?
12.8 Investigating topographic maps — Coral bleaching on Lizard Island
12.9 INQUIRY: ‘Plastic-not-so-fantastic’ media campaign
12.10 Review
13 Urban change and management 0 00
13.1 Overview 000
13.2 How do cities impact the environment? 000
13.3 How do urban environments develop? 000
13.4 Case studies in urban growth: Melbourne and Mumbai 000
13.5 What factors contribute to urban decline? 000
13.6 What are the future challenges of sustainable urban environments? 000
13.7 Investigating topographic maps: Examining the city of Sáo Paulo ............................................ 000
13.8 INQUIRY:
14.3
14.5 How does wellbeing vary in India?
14.6 How does poverty affect wellbeing?
14.7 How does wellbeing vary in Australia?
14.8
15 Global responses to human wellbeing
15.1 Overview
15.2 How do the Sustainable Development Goals aim to address poverty?
15.3 How are health and wellbeing linked?
15.4 Why do gover nments have differing responses to wellbeing issues?
15.5 Why are human rights so important?
15.6 CASE STUDY: Syria — the impact of conflict on wellbeing
15.7 Why have so many people had to flee their homes and seek refuge?
15.8 How does the Australian gover nment provide assistance to increase global human wellbeing?
15.9 Investigating topographic maps: Spatial variations in wellbeing in Tokyo, Japan
15.10 INQUIRY: Global responses to wellbeing 15.11
Life in a Mumbai slum .................... 000 13.9 Review ............................................................ 000 14 Measuring and improving wellbeing 000
Overview 000
How do we measure and improve wellbeing? 000
14.1
14.2
How does wealth
wellbeing? 000
affect
expectancy
000
14.4 How are life
and wellbeing connected?
000
000
000
Investigating topographic maps: Improving
in Cumborah................................... 000 14.9 INQUIRY: Improving wellbeing in a low-HDI-ranked country 000
Review 000
wellbeing
14.10
Review
CIVICS AND CITIZENSHIP 0 00
Civics and Citizenship concepts and skills 0 00
Overview 000
Concepts in Civics and Citizenship 000
Skills in Civics and Citizenship 000
SkillBuilder: Using the inquiry approach for research CONTENTS vii
■
16
16.1
16.2
16.3
16.4
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16.5 SkillBuilder: Using the deconstruct/ reconstruct method
16.6 SkillBuilder: Conducting an interview �������������������������������������������
16.7 SkillBuilder: Using and referencing quotes ��������������������������
16.8 SkillBuilder: Analysing political cartoons
19
democracy and social
19.1 Overview 000
19.2 What are the elements
17
16.9 SkillBuilder: Writing essays
16.10 SkillBuilder: Writing a feature article ������������������������������������������������
16.11 SkillBuilder: Debating an issue ������
16.12 Review 000
Regional government and global citizenship
000
17.1 Overview......................................................... 000
17.2 What are the key features of Australia’s system of government? 000
17.3 What are the key features of India’s system of government? 000
17.4 What are the key features of Indonesia’s system of government? 000
17.5 What are the key features of China’s system of government? 000
17.6 How does Australia act as a global citizen? ........................................................... 000
17.7 What are Australia’s roles and responsibilities as part of the United Nations? 000
17.8 How does Australia play a role in international peacekeeping and global regional issues? 000
17.9 INQUIRY: Report card — Australia’s response as a global citizen 000
17.10 Review 000
18 The High Court and Australia’s international agreements
0 00
18.1 Overview......................................................... 000
18.2 How are disputes resolved between the Commonwealth and the states? 000
18.3 How is the Australian Constitution interpreted in the modern world? 000
18.4 What are Australia’s obligations under international law? 000
18.5 What are international treaties, conventions and declarations? 000
18.6 What are Australia’s obligations to First Nations Peoples of Australia through international law? 000
18.7 What are Australia’s legal obligations to refugees and asylum seekers? 000
18.8 What are Australia’s legal obligations to the environment? 000
18.9 INQUIRY: Treaty 000
18.10 Review 000
21 Economic performance, superannuation and living
21.2 How does economic growth indicate Australia’s economic performance? 000
21.3 How do employment trends indicate Australia’s economic performance? ............... 000
21.4 How do inflation rates indicate Australia’s economic performance? 000
21.5 How do sustainability indices indicate Australia’s economic performance? 000
21.6 What are living standards and how are they related to economic performance? 000
21.7 What are the different macroeconomic policy options? 000
21.8 What are the different microeconomic policy options? ............................................... 000
21.9 What is direct government intervention in the market? 000
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21.10 What is the role of the superannuation system? 000
21.11 INQUIRY: How does Australia measure up? 000 21.12 Review 000
Sustaining
cohesion 000
of a cohesive society? 000
What threatens social cohesion? 000 19.4 What threatens global democracy? 000 19.5 How can we resolve conflict? 000 19.6 INQUIRY: Social media campaign 000 19.7 Review 000 ■ ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 0 00 20 Economics
and skills 0 00 20.1 Overview 000 20.2 Concepts in Economics and Business 000 20.3 Skills in Economics and Business 000 20.4 SkillBuilder: Conducting research into indicators of economic performance ������������������������������������
SkillBuilder: Analysing a business case study
SkillBuilder: Predicting the outcomes of economic and business decisions �������������������������� 20.7 SkillBuilder: Preparing a budget ���� 20.8 Review 000
19.3
and Business concepts
20.5
20.6
standards
00
0
21.1 Overview 000
viii C ONTENTS
Influencing consumers — innovation and competition in the marketplace
22
22.1 Overview 000 22.2 Types of consumer and financial decisions 000 22.3 Influences on consumer and financial decision making 000 22.4 The costs of consumer and financial decisions 000 22.5 Entrepreneurism and improvements in business operations ...................................................... 000 22.6 Support for businesses 000 22.7 Entrepreneurism in response to changing economic conditions 000 22.8 INQUIRY: Consumer behaviour 000 22.9 Review 000 Glossary 000 Index ����������������������������������������������������������������������������� 000 CONTENTS ix
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About this re so urce
FOR
JACARANDA HUMANITIES ALIVE 10
Developed by te achers for s tud ents
Tried, tested and trusted. Every lesson in the new Jacaranda Humanities Alive series has been carefully designed to support teachers and help students evoke curiosity through inquiry-based learning while developing key skills.
Because both what and how students learn matter
Learning is personal Learning is effortfulLearning is rewarding
Whether students need a challenge or a helping hand, you’ll find what you need to create engaging lessons.
Whether in class or at home, students can access carefully scaffolded lessons with in-depth skills development while engaging multi-modal content designed to spark curiosity. Automatically marked, differentiated question sets are all supported by detailed sample responses – so students can get unstuck and progress.
Personalise student learning pathways, ensuring that confidence builds and that students push themselves to achieve … all in learnON, Australia’s most innovative learning platform.
Through real-time results data, students can track and monitor their own progress and easily identify areas of strength and weakness.
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And for teachers, Learning Analytics provide valuable insights to support student growth and drive informed intervention strategies.
ABOUT THIS RESOURCE x
AUSTRALIAN CURRICULUM
i
AUSTRALIAN CURRICULUM THIRD EDITIO N
NEW
V9.0
Learn online with Australia’s most
Everything you need for ea ch of your lessons in on e s im ple
Trusted, curriculum-aligned content
Engaging, rich multimedia
All the teacher support resources you need
Deep insights into progress
Immediate feedback for students
Create custom assignments in just a few clicks.
Practical teaching advice and ideas for each lesson provided in teachON
xii ABOUT THIS RESOURCE
Teaching videos explain key ideas and analyse sources
Reading content and rich media including embedded videos, interactivities and audio files
v
w
ie
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powerful learning tool, learnON
Differentiated question sets
Teacher and student views
Textbook questions
Answers and sample responses
eWorkbook
Digital documents
Video eLessons
Interactivities
Extra teaching support resources
Interactive questions with immediate feedback
ABOUT THIS RESOURCE xiii
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Get the most from your online re so urces
Trusted Jacaranda theory, plus tools to support teaching and make learning more engaging, personalised and visible.
Embedded interactivities and videos enable students to explore concepts and learn
New teaching videos are designed to help students learn concepts by having a ‘teacher at home’, and are flexible enough to be used for pre-and post-learning, flipped classrooms, class discussions, remediation and more.
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O nli ne, these ne w ed iti ons are the complete pa ck age
xiv ABOUT THIS RESOURCE
deeply by ‘doing’.
Brand new! Tune in activities to spark interest and kick off every lesson with discussion and source analysis
Three differentiated question sets, with immediate feedback in every lesson, enable students to challenge themselves at their own level
Instant reports give students visibility into progress and performance.
Every question has immediate, corrective feedback to help students overcome misconceptions as they occur and get unstuck as they study independently —in class and at home
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ABOUT THIS RESOURCE xv
New Tune In activities spark interest and kick off every lesson with discussion and source analysis.
Skill development
New skill activities provide opportunities to develop and build crucial Humanities skills using research, collaboration and analysis.
Inquiry projects
SkillBuilders support and strengthen skill development using our Tell me, Show me, Let me do it approach.
New Inquiry lessons use project-based learning and a clear skill structure for a deep dive into every topic while practising the curriculum-specific skills.
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TUNE IN lesson starters
xvi ABOUT THIS RESOURCE
A wealth of teacher resources
Enhanced teacher support resources for every lesson, including:
• work programs and curriculum grids
• practical teaching advice
• three levels of differentiated teaching programs
• quarantined topic tests (with solutions)
C us to mis e and a ss ign
An inbuilt testmaker enables you to create custom assignments and tests from the complete bank of thousands of questions for immediate, spaced and mixed practice.
Re po rts and results
Data analytics and instant reports provide data-driven insights into progress and performance within each lesson and across the entire course.
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Show students (and their parents or carers) their own assessment data in fine detail. You can filter their results to identify areas of strength and weakness.
ABOUT THIS
RESOURCE xvii
Acknowledgements
The authors and publisher would like to thank the following copyright holders, organisations and individuals for their assistance and for permission to reproduce copyright material in this book.
Images TO COME
Every effort has been made to trace the ownership of copyright material. Information that will enable the publisher to rectify any error or omission in subsequent reprints will be welcome. In such cases, please contact the Permissions Section of John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
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xviii A CKNOWLEDGEMENTS
