V13n51 The Life, Death and Legacy of Emmett Till

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erchell Pittman, a program support assistant at the G. V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center, says some of the greatest lessons in her life have come from her nearly two decades of military service. “I learned leadership, I learned to supervise and manage, and I gained a great amount of professional development from my time in service,” Pittman says. Pittman’s grandfather, Marcus Pittman, was a World War II veteran, and her uncle, retired Chaplain Col. Jim Luke Pittman, was command chaplain for the U.S. Army Medical Command at Fort Sam Houston in San Antonio. Pittman was born in Laurel and raised in Sandy Hook, Miss., and attended West Marion High School in Foxworth. She obtained an associate’s degree in microcomputer information technology from Hinds Community College in 1992 before she enrolled at the University of Southern Mississippi, where she received a bachelor’s degree in business administration in 1995. At USM, Pittman joined the ROTC for the U.S. Army. She enlisted after graduation and was commissioned as a second lieutenant on Aug. 4, 1995. On June 2, 2006, Pittman entered her first deployment to Tallil, Iraq, for Operation Iraqi Freedom. She returned to the U.S. after one year and joined the VA Medical Center in 2008, working as an office automation clerk and transcription monitor before transitioning to the credentialing and privileg-

CONTENTS

ing department after about four months. In 2011, the army deployed her to Shindand, Afghanistan, for Operation Enduring Freedom. While deployed, Pittman furthered her education by enrolling in online courses for Columbia Southern University in Orange Beach, Ala. She eventually earned a master’s degree in organizational leadership in 2014. After 20 years of service, Pittman retired from active duty in the Army on Sept. 30, 2014, for medical reasons. After her retirement and treatment, she returned to the VA in February 2015 as the program support assistant and coordinator for the center’s institutional review board, working together with doctors looking to do medical research at the VA. In February of this year, Pittman was a speaker at the Veterans of Foreign Wars’ Post 5393 in Columbia, Miss., as part of the organization’s Black History Program. Pittman discussed the role of women in the military, her own experiences in Iraq and Afghanistan and barriers for women in service, especially for young women. “The military was good to me, and the military is transitioning in a positive direction where women in service are concerned,” Pittman says. “The first two women who completed the Ranger training program recently are proof of that. That school is extremely hard, and for two women to show they can do it is just an awesome accomplishment and a step in the right direction.” —Dustin Cardon

cover painting “Emmett Till in Chicago” by Bonnie Mettler

6 ............................................ TALKS 14 ................................ EDITORIAL 15 .................................... OPINION 17 ............................ COVER STORY 26 ......................................... FOOD 27 ...................................... EVENTS 28 ....................................... 8 DAYS 29 ....................................... MUSIC 29 ....................... MUSIC LISTINGS 31 ..................................... SPORTS 32 .................................... PUZZLES 33 ....................................... ASTRO

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Organizers of a petition drive to legalize marijuana in Mississippi are racing the clock to get the question on 2016 ballots and are turning to an unlikely place for help: Republican Secretary of State Delbert Hosemann.

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“Without Emmett Till, the Civil Rights Movement might have happened, but when?” —Keith Beauchamp, “Unintentional Filmmaker”

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Kwame Braxton isn’t just a rapper. He’s also an artist.

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4 ............................. EDITOR’S NOTE

COURTESY KWAME BRAXTON; COURTESY INVESTIGATION DISCOVERY; COURTESY KELLY JACOBS

AUGUST 26 - SEPTEMBER 1, 2015 | VOL. 13 NO. 51

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EDITOR’S note

by Donna Ladd, Editor-in-Chief

‘Blood Sells’ No Excuse to Sell Out Young People

“B

lood sells.� I was appalled during a visit to New Orleans last week to hear that journalists there use that excuse for obsessive coverage of young, black people who commit crimes. They use that blunt excuse, Kim Byas-Dilosa says, when she demands to know why local reporters won’t report the positive stories about people of color in New Orleans, and why the negative stories get incessant, front-page, top-of-the-broadcast coverage, but she can barely interest them in the positive stories. She wants to know why media won’t do their part in reporting fairly on young people rather than fixating on the ones who do the worst things. I may not have heard the hear-chilling phrase “blood sells,� but we all know the old standby, “If it bleeds, it leads.� It’s as if struggling media outlets want a quick fix of attention from trotting out young faces accused of bad things more often than they feature kids doing amazing things. Of course, the impression that this kind of “body bag journalism,� as youth experts call it, gives is that young people of color are more violent than most other people. We hear a lot of hand-wringing over black-onblack crime, even as most whites are killed by other whites, just as all ethnicities tend to commit violent crime within their own groups. We hear about movie theaters that won’t show “Straight Outta Compton� for fear of violence, even as it’s white men who are shooting up movie theaters, and churches for that matter, in today’s America. And during a time of natural disaster like Hurricane Katrina, we see lots of images of people of color looting, such as when several stole a bathtub in New Orleans 10 years. But they don’t always show us the images of the young people using that tub to rescue children in the floodwaters. (True story.) Because of these kinds of disparately negative media images of young people of

color, joined with our long history of racism, America collectively fears young people of color more. It’s not hard to see that this is why police officers are quicker to shoot unarmed black and brown people; they’ve been taught by our culture fear them more. People in the media don’t want to acknowledge our role in this false narrative, the one that gets people of color killed faster, even for minor crimes or none at all. Folks in my industry tend to be a defensive bunch, oddly for a segment of society that by neces-

Folks in my industry tend to be a defensive bunch. sity goes around poking our heads into other people’s business, and often accusing them of things (hopefully with evidence). But we are bound together in journalism by the need to be fair—some call it “objective,� which isn’t possible, even as fairness is the right goal—and too many stand by each other, as cops do, even when our brethren are performing bad journalism. Putting young people of color on parade, often with their mugshots or pics where they’re supposedly flashing gang signs, and making them look more dangerous than vulnerable or successful is not fair or balanced or anywhere near “objective.� This demonization of young people of color is irresponsible journalism, and science shows the real harm it can cause. “Negative media stereotypes (thugs, criminals, fools,

and the disadvantaged) are demoralizing and reduce self-esteem and expectations. Dealing with negative expectations may also create stress and drain cognitive resources in some contexts—leading to the lowered performance associated with ‘stereotype threat,’� The Opportunity Agenda warns. (The full report is at jfp.ms/media_vs_youth.) But this kind of journalism dies hard in a country long used to treating people of color differently, and it has its roots in a systemic racism that festers in our media system. It gives the powerful cover to do what it wants, whether excuse violent police officers or decide to defund public schools due to the “troubled� young people inside its doors. The funny part is that it’s not hard to find the positive stories to lead with, especially in cities with the demographics of Jackson or New Orleans. I could go on Facebook right now and post, “Who can suggest young people doing great things?� (as we do every year for our Amazing Teens issue), and the majority of the responses would be about remarkable young people of color. I’ve always said that you live in a place that is majority non-white and you produce a publication with whites over-represented in positive ways and people of color in negative ways, then you’re doing it on purpose. Earlier this month, for instance, I saw the annual “Students Who Will Change the World� cover of a local glossy magazine that pretends to represent Jackson (while mailing free copies to suburban white enclaves). We’ve given this magazine hell in the past for barely including any Jackson Public Schools kids in its roundup, and they always blame the school districts for not helping pick the kids they think should be honored (something we know better than to ask for). This cover full of teens had one black teen featured. It is sitting now on newsstands in north Jackson with black families walking past it with one black face among a large group.

What message does that send? Often, white people want to roll their eyes when I and others call out this prejudice against teens of color. Of course, many of those same people will go on NextDoor and post an urgent alert if they see a black person in their neighborhoods. So I don’t care that they roll their eyes. This stuff is important— if for no other reason than you’d like to see fewer young people resort to a life of crime. The way to stop it is by bringing hope to young people before they make the wrong choice. One major way is for media to lose the “blood sells� excuse for sensationalizing black crime. I own a media outlet, and I don’t want blood money that comes from selling out lives of our young people to get a temporary jump in salacious readership. I’ll put it simply: I care more about the lives of all of our young people than to sell them out like that. I applaud my new friend (and fellow Kellogg Foundation fellow) Kim Byas-Dilosa in New Orleans for being so determined to call out media who are hurting young people there. She has organized “Future Icons of Nola,� a group of impressive young people of color who don’t get much media attention. This Saturday, Aug. 29, the young people are forming a human exhibit wearing signs saying “The media ignores us� at the Crescent City Boxing Club (3101 Erato St., New Orleans) starting at 8:30 a.m. “We have to shock them,� Kim says. “The media won’t tell you these kids live in this city.� We must flip this narrative and make it cool for blood not to sell. It’s tragic that this kind of exhibit is what it takes to try to change such a harmful media narrative about young people of color. But cheers to her and her team for doing whatever it takes to stop blood from selling. Find Future Icons of Nola on Facebook and follow @futureiconsofno on Twitter and Instagram for updates and pictures.

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CONTRIBUTORS

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Arielle Dreher

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News Reporter Arielle Dreher is working to find some new hobbies and trying to adopt a pet otter. Apparently, the office otter, Munchkin, isn’t enough. Email her story ideas at arielle@jacksonfreepress.com. She wrote the cover story.

News Editor R.L. Nave is a native Missourian who roots for St. Louis (and the Mizzou Tigers)—and for Jackson. Send him news tips at rlnave@ jacksonfreepress.com or call him at 601-362-6121 ext. 12. He wrote a news story.

Freelance writer Ashley F.G. Norwood is a Jackson State University graduate. She is currently pursuing a master’s degree in multimedia journalism at the University of Mississippi. She contributed to the cover package.

Photojournalist and fimmaker David Rae Morris lives in New Orleans with his partner, Susanne Dietzel, and their daughter, Uma Rae Morris Dietzel. He makes a mean loaf of bread. Photo by Uma Rae Morris Dietzel.

Editorial Assistant Adria Walker likes existentialism and astrophysics. She enjoys debating about Star Wars, reading Camus, Kafka, and Kundera, and learning about people’s belief systems. She contributed to the cover package.

Freelance writer Jordan K. Morrow bleeds coffee and prides herself on her colorful sock collection. She enjoys singing to her Chihuahua, Georgie, and entertaining endless curiosities. She wrote a food story.

Staff photographer Imani Khayyam is an art lover and a native of Jackson. He loves to be behind the camera and capture the true essence of his subjects. He took many photos for the issue.

Music Listings Editor Tommy Burton can solve a Rubik’s Cube with only his eyes. In only 39 years, he has nearly mastered the English language. Send gig info to music@jacksonfreepress.com. He compiled the music listings.

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Wednesday, August 19 The Associated Press reports on a previously undisclosed side deal between Iran and the U.N.’s International Atomic Energy Agency that would allow Tehran to use its own inspectors to investigate a site it has been accused of using to develop nuclear arms. ‌ Subway pitchman Jared Fogle agrees to plead guilty to allegations that he paid for sex with girls as young as 16 and received child pornography.

by R.L. Nave

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fter generating lots of buzz, the organizers of a statewide ballot initiative to legalize cannabis in Mississippi and commute the sentences of people incarcerated for marijuana-related crimes fear their dreams are going up in

48, in a telephone interview with the JFP. The proposed rule changes include full legalization and taxation of marijuana for adults over age 21. Recreational users could have nine or fewer marijuana plants for their personal use. The state would clasCOURTESY KELLY JACOBS/FILE PHOTO

Thursday, August 20 South Korea fires dozens of shells at North Korea after the North allegedly fired a rocket across the border in response to anti-North Korean loudspeaker broadcasts.

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Friday, August 21 St. Louis police report that an autopsy shows that a black 18-year-old who was shot and killed by two white officers after allegedly pointing a gun at them died from a single wound in the back. Saturday, August 22 Thousands of migrants rush past Macedonian riot police attempting to block them from entering Macedonia from Greece. ‌ Three American passengers and a British passenger subdue and disarm a heavily armed man with ties to radical Islam attempting to commit a terrorist attack on a high-speed train from Amsterdam to Paris.

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Sunday, August 23 Thousands of soldiers from China, Russia and other countries gather in Beijing to rehearse for a Sept. 3 military parade commemorating the end of World War II.

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Monday, August 24 French President Francois Hollande grants his country’s highest award, the Legion d’Honneur, to U.S. Airman Spencer Stone, National Guardsman Alek Skarlatos, their friend Anthony Sadler and British businessman Chris Norman for their actions in stopping Saturday’s attempted terror attack on a Paris-bound train. Tuesday, August 25 Seoul halts anti-Pyongyang propaganda broadcasts over loudspeakers on the border after North Korea expresses “regret� over two South Korean soldiers maimed by recent land mine blasts. Breaking news at jfpdaily.com.

Kelly Jacobs (far right), one of the lead forces on Initiative 48 to legalize smoking and growing pot in Mississippi, fears organizers could miss the mark to put it on the 2016 ballot. Also pictured, from left to right, are: Susan Watkins, David Lions, Jamarcus Manning, Kassa Whitley and Shannon Smothers-Wansley.

smoke due to disturbing efforts to kill it. “There is no way we are going to be able to vote for this in 2016,� said Kelly Jacobs, one of the lead organizers of Initiative

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pay $1,000 for a special license. Additionally, a state sales tax of 7 percent would be charged on all sales with the exception of medical marijuana and industrial hemp. To put the initiative before voters in 2016, organizers must collect 107,000 signatures from five districts across the state by October 2015. By Jacobs’ count, the initiative has just 10,000 certified signatures and needs more than 100,000 more. Challenges, Jacobs says, have included pervasive fear that lawenforcement agencies would have access to the petitions and target signers for arrest and circuit clerks taking too long to certify signatures. Jacobs also describes what she calls intimidation from local police. At one event in the Mississippi Delta, she said five police cars arrived along with a paddy wagon, and officers threatened volunteers with arrest although nothing came of the event. In another city in her home county of DeSoto, she said an officer said she would be charged “solicitation� in government-owned park during a petitionsigning event. At the Neshoba County Fair, Jacobs said the group wanted to have a booth and were told, as she characterizes it, “no, no and hell no.� Initiative 48 supporters also asked permission to circulated petitions at

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602.( IURP SDJH the Mississippi State Fair in October, but the group has not received a response from fair officials, she said. Frustrated, Jacobs outlined her complaints in a five-page letter to Mississippi Secretary of State Delbert Hosemann whose office oversees the ballot initiative process, intercede on supporters’ behalf. The complaints include violations of the group’s First Amendment rights of free speech and assembly because, she writes, “police officers in various cities have threatened to arrest volunteers.� Her letter also complains of “voter-registration suppression,� of which she wrote to Hosemann’s office: “One Circuit Clerk

rejected a petition, writing that it was a copy when it clearly was an original. I put a drop of water on the date so the ink would run to demonstrate that I had not submitted a copy and returned the original petition to the Circuit Clerk. This same Circuit Clerk rejected a petition claiming a small mark on the back page was blood. On the advice from your staff, I also returned that petition with clear strapping tape over the mark. That Circuit Clerk has not returned either petition to me. One Circuit Clerk wrote on a rejected petition that she could not read the cursive signature and rejected the petition even though the printed name was clearly legible. I called to ask if the printed name was a registered voter and when I was told that she was, I returned that petition and it was certified.� Jacobs has not received a response from Hosemann’s office; Nathan Upchurch, a

spokesman for the secretary of state, reĂƒÂŤÂœÂ˜`i`ĂŠĂŒÂœĂŠ>ĂŠĂ€i¾ÕiĂƒĂŒĂŠvÂœĂ€ĂŠVœ““iÂ˜ĂŒĂŠĂœÂˆĂŒÂ…ĂŠ>Â˜ĂŠ email saying, “We are looking at it, and we will get back with you when we can.â€? ĂŠ Â˜ÂœĂŒÂ…iĂ€ĂŠĂƒÂ˜>}ĂŠĂŒÂœĂŠĂŒÂ…iĂŠ Â˜ÂˆĂŒÂˆ>ĂŒÂˆĂ›iĂŠ{nĂŠV>“iĂŠ when Jeremy Bufford, a Tampa-based businessman, agreed to help bankroll the effort by promising to pay between $1 and $2 to petition gatherers per certified signature. In May, Bufford emailed several organizers of the initiative saying he received a threat asking him to stop paying signature gatherers. “After consulting with law enforcement and my attorneys, I have decided to withdraw my plans for Mississippi, effective immediately. I want to see marijuana reform passed as much as you all do, but I am not willing to endanger my family to do so. I have received idle threats in the past, and this wasn’t one of them,â€? Bufford wrote.

Bufford said in the same email that he wouldn’t be responding to any more messages from organizers, nor he did not respond to messages from the JFP for this story. Jacobs’ own aggravation in working ĂœÂˆĂŒÂ…ĂŠ}ÂœĂ›iĂ€Â˜Â“iÂ˜ĂŒĂŠÂœvwVˆ>Â?ĂƒĂŠÂœÂ˜ĂŠ Â˜ÂˆĂŒÂˆ>ĂŒÂˆĂ›iĂŠ{nĂŠÂˆĂƒĂŠ what made backers want to bypass the Legislature and take the marijuana legalization ¾ÕiĂƒĂŒÂˆÂœÂ˜ĂŠ`ÂˆĂ€iVĂŒÂ?ĂžĂŠĂŒÂœĂŠĂ›ÂœĂŒiĂ€Ăƒ°ĂŠ She points to the number of ballot initiatives in play in Mississippi—including for education funding and preserving Mississippi “heritageâ€? through Confederate symbols—as symbolic of citizens’ dissatisfaction ĂœÂˆĂŒÂ…ĂŠĂŒÂ…iĂŠÂŤÂœÂ?ÂˆĂŒÂˆV>Â?ĂŠĂƒĂŒ>ĂŒĂ•ĂƒĂŠÂľĂ•Âœ°ĂŠ “It looks like the way America is going, a lot of people are frustrated with their government,â€? she said. Comment at jfp.ms/news. Email R.L. Nave at rlnave@jacksonfreepress.com.

Yarber, Council Gripped in Budget Battle of Wills by R.L. Nave

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budget gap. Council President Melvin Priester Jr. presented the council’s alternative, a 10-point plan consisting mostly of freezing job vacancies that are budgeted for but currently unfilled in addition to making other staffing cuts. Speaking at the Wingfield forum, Priester said the council’s proposal is designed to “make sure we don’t create more dilapidated houses� by raising taxes and prompting people to abandon properties and flee the city for the suburbs, where taxes are cheaper. Priester told the audience that the council’s

$1.5 million. Under the agreement between the City of >VÂŽĂƒÂœÂ˜ĂŠ>˜`ĂŠ , ]ĂŠ>ʾÕ>ĂƒÂˆÂ‡}ÂœĂ›iĂ€Â˜Â“iÂ˜ĂŒ>Â?ĂŠÂœĂ€}>˜ˆâ>ĂŒÂˆÂœÂ˜]ĂŠ >VÂŽĂƒÂœÂ˜ĂŠ>}Ă€iiĂƒĂŠĂŒÂœĂŠL>VÂŽĂƒĂŒÂœÂŤĂŠ , ½ĂƒĂŠw˜>˜Vˆ>Â?ĂŠ`i>Â?ˆ˜}Ăƒ°ĂŠ ÂœĂœiĂ›iĂ€]ĂŠ , ĂŠÂœvwVˆ>Â?ĂƒĂŠĂŒÂœÂ?`ĂŠĂŒÂ…iĂŠVÂˆĂŒĂžĂŠVÂœĂ•Â˜VˆÂ?ĂŠĂ€iViÂ˜ĂŒÂ?ĂžĂŠĂŒÂ…>ĂŒĂŠĂŒÂ…iĂŠ>Ă•ĂŒÂ…ÂœĂ€ÂˆĂŒĂžĂŠ would refinance the loan. The $1.5 million would provide collateral for the city in what council members say is the Ă•Â˜Â?ˆŽiÂ?ÞÊiĂ›iÂ˜ĂŒĂŠ , ĂŠV>Â˜Â˜ÂœĂŒĂŠĂ€iw˜>˜ViĂŠÂˆĂŒ° UĂŠ Ă€iiâiĂŠÂ“ÂœĂ€iĂŠĂŒÂ…>Â˜ĂŠfĂ“ĂŠÂ“ÂˆÂ?Â?ÂˆÂœÂ˜ĂŠĂƒÂ?ÂœĂŒĂŒi`ĂŠvÂœĂ€ĂŠÂŤÂœĂƒÂˆĂŒÂˆÂœÂ˜ĂƒĂŠ>ĂŒĂŠĂŒÂ…iĂŠ police, fire and public-works departments. UĂŠ Ă•ĂŒĂŒÂˆÂ˜}ĂŠ>LÂœĂ•ĂŒĂŠf{™{]äääĂŠvĂ€ÂœÂ“ĂŠ city hall salaries, including: $200,000 from the city clerk’s office, which the council oversees; $200,000 in conCity Council President Melvin Priester Jr. said the council’s counterproposals to Mayor stituent services, which the mayor’s Tony Yarber’s budget are not set in stone and office oversees; $86,000 from the represent an ongoing negotiation with the chief-administrative officer’s office; administration. and 5 percent from the salaries of city council members. (City council members earn $25,000 per year; the council president receives an extra $2,000.) UĂŠ Ă€iiâiĂŠfÂŁĂ“ä]äääĂŠÂˆÂ˜ĂŠĂ•Â˜wÂ?Â?i`ĂŠÂŤÂœsitions at municipal court. UĂŠ ,i`Ă•Vˆ˜}ĂŠiĂ?ÂŤi˜`ÂˆĂŒĂ•Ă€iĂƒĂŠÂœÂ˜ĂŠÂœĂ•ĂŒside consultants by at least $115,000. UĂŠ ,i`Ă•Vˆ˜}ĂŠiĂ?ÂŤiÂ˜ĂƒiĂƒĂŠÂœÂ˜ĂŠĂƒÂœvĂŒĂœ>Ă€iĂŠ >˜`ĂŠiÂľĂ•ÂˆÂŤÂ“iÂ˜ĂŒ° UĂŠ ,i`Ă•Vˆ˜}ĂŠĂŒĂ€>Ă›iÂ?]ĂŠ`Ă•iĂƒĂŠ>˜`ʓi“LiĂ€ĂƒÂ…ÂˆÂŤĂƒĂŠLÞÊf™x]{ĂŽ{° UĂŠ ,i`Ă•Vˆ˜}ĂŠiĂ?ÂŤi˜`ÂˆĂŒĂ•Ă€iĂƒĂŠÂœÂ˜ĂŠi“iĂ€moves are akin to moving around credit-card balances in or- gency contracts. der to pass a balanced budget. UĂŠ ,i`Ă•Vˆ˜}ĂŠĂŒÂ…iĂŠ iÂŤ>Ă€ĂŒÂ“iÂ˜ĂŒĂŠÂœvĂŠ*>Ă€ÂŽĂƒĂŠ>˜`ĂŠ,iVĂ€i>ĂŒÂˆÂœÂ˜ĂŠ budget, including for maintenance at the city’s golf courses. The Council’s Plan ĂŠ

i½ iÂˆĂŒÂ…iÀÊ-ĂŒ>Â“ÂŤĂƒ]ĂŠĂŒÂ…iĂŠ7>Ă€`ĂŠ{ĂŠVÂœĂ•Â˜VˆÂ?“>Â˜ĂŠ>˜`ĂŠVÂ…>ÂˆĂ€Details of the council’s alternative include: man of the Budget Committee, said despite the freezes, deUĂŠ ,i`Ă•Vˆ˜}ĂŠĂŒÂ…iĂŠ >VÂŽĂƒÂœÂ˜ĂŠ<œœ½ĂƒĂŠĂ€i¾ÕiĂƒĂŒi`ĂŠ>Â?Â?ÂœV>ĂŒÂˆÂœÂ˜ĂŠvĂ€ÂœÂ“ĂŠ partment heads would still be able to ask the city council for $1.2 million to $600,000 for now with the possibility of additional funding in the case of an emergency, such as a another $600,000 later. crime spike or massive infrastructure failure. UĂŠ Â˜ĂƒĂŒi>`ĂŠÂœvĂŠÂ…ÂœÂ?`ˆ˜}ĂŠf{°ĂŽĂŠÂ“ˆÂ?Â?ÂˆÂœÂ˜ĂŠÂˆÂ˜ĂŠĂ€iĂƒiÀÛiĂƒĂŠvÂœĂ€ĂŠ>ĂŠ >VÂŽHe added that the council plan is designed only to stave ĂƒÂœÂ˜ĂŠ,i`iĂ›iÂ?ÂœÂŤÂ“iÂ˜ĂŒĂŠ Ă•ĂŒÂ…ÂœĂ€ÂˆĂŒĂžĂŠÂ?Âœ>Â˜ĂŠĂŒÂœĂŠLÕÞÊÂ?>˜`ĂŠvÂœĂ€ĂŠ>ĂŠÂŤĂ€Âœoff the need for a budget cut and furlough and would not posed convention-center hotel, the council proposes to hold close the $15 million hole in the budget. IMANI KHYYAM

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J

erry Taylor, like many of the people at Wingfield High School, was hopping mad about the City of Jackson’s finances and a tax increase proposed to fill a budget deficit. Like many Jacksonians, Taylor first asked two members of the Jackson City Council where the proceeds from the 1-percent sales tax had gone. When the councilmen who hosted the town-hall meeting, Tyrone Hendrix and Melvin Priester Jr., explained the bureaucratic hoops the City has to jump through to spend the money, Taylor asked why not replace the controversial 10-member oversight commission. After the meeting, Taylor, who lives and owns rental property in south Jackson, still seemed less than satisfied with their responses. Taylor, who grew up in Arkansas and moved to Jackson 15 years ago from Fort Dodge, Iowa, with his thenwife, is worried about the 8-percent Mayor Tony Yarber floated to help shore up the City’s budget. If the tax hike goes through, Taylor said he would rather absorb the increase than pass it along to his renters, but he would rather not have to shoulder any additional cost. “I’m looking at all the people buying property,� he told the Jackson Free Press. “We’re buying property, but we’re not getting return back from the City, where you’re buying the houses that are dilapidated, torn down and you’re fixing them up and putting people inside the houses, but the City comes back and takes more than what you’re putting into the houses. I think that’s unfair.� In that sense, Taylor has some backup on the city council, which has outlined $7.6 million in savings in order to avoid both the tax hike as well as another proposal to furlough city workers. Yarber proposed a one-day-per-month city-worker furlough and a tax increase as well as using the City’s reserve account, called the fund balance, to close the

TALK | education

How School Districts Try to Make the Grade by Arielle Dreher

growth in history, science, math and reading subject areas. Sargent said despite receiving a D grade again, JPS has decreased its number of failing schools. In 2013, the district had 17 failing schools. Now only eight middle schools and TRIP BURNS/FILE PHOTO

Jackson Public Schools Superintendent Cedrick Gray plans to lift his district’s grade from a D to an A in three years, he says.

to fail, despite attempts at improvements. The state grades Mississippi public schools based on an A-F scale, according to its accountability standards. Mississippi began assigning A-to-F grades in 2012 and switched to a new underlying system of scoring in 2014. The new system is under fire in a recent PEER study that has called for changes. PEER is a bi-partisan legislative committee that reviews and investigates state agency programs. The shifting of accountability scoring standards has not affected Jackson Public Schools’ grade, a D, for the past two years. Jackson Public Schools Chief of Staff Jason Sargent said he is unsure if PEER’s suggested changes would help or hurt the district’s grade. JPS’ overall D grade is a combination of each school’s individual performance as well as graduation rates, and

elementary schools have an F grade. The accountability system, however, might not be the best measure for a district’s performance. Even before the PEER report came out, Jackson city and school officials at the JPS budget hearing criticized the accountability rating system and raised questions about its validity. The district’s grade is not determined based solely on the number of failing schools, Sargent said. “Depending on how it’s calculated, this upcoming year we could still have eight failing schools and move our rating to a C,” he said. JPS Superintendent Cedrick Gray has publicized his strategic plan to get JPS to be an A district in three years, and Sargent said the focus is not only on the failing schools but on all schools to bring up individual school grades to As and Bs.

“The rest of it we have to work out,” Stamps told the Jackson Free Press. The council plans to introduce plans to increase revenue, including for $20 million in outstanding water and sewer bills. Ward 1 Councilman Ashby Foote has proposed using JPD to collect delinquent water bills and splitting the revenue with the department. Foote also suggested turning over management of the golf courses to the Jackson State golf program and finding a nonprofit organization to take over running the Russell C. Davis Planetarium. At a budget presentation where members threw out money-making ideas, Stamps said he wants the City to get

PEER’s Concerns The district’s predicament is common— 39 districts in the state received D grades in 2014—only one school district in the state got an F: Hinds County AHS District. The PEER study said that the accountability standards should have more emphasis based on proficiency rather than growth or benchmark scores that districts have too much control over. “If the purpose of the accountability standards is to improve student achievement and increase the level of accountability of schools and districts, then more emphasis should be placed on proficiency—how a student actually performs on the assessments,” states the report by the Performance Evaluation and Expenditure Review Committee. State Superintendent Carey Wright, though, fundamentally disagrees with the report’s recommendations. She said PEER’s recommendations would weaken the statistical validity of Mississippi’s A-to-F grades for schools and that de-emphasizing student growth would penalize schools that are making strides in student performance. “There’s nothing arbitrary about our accountability model,” Wright told reporters attending a meeting of the state Board of Education at its temporary office in Clinton. A key element of that model takes students’ test scores and assigns them to one of four performance groups—minimal, basic, proficient or advanced. The model then assigns points based on what share of a school’s students are proficient and advanced. PEER said such sorting is imprecise and could give equal credit to a school where students all scored in the proficient range and a school where all scored advanced. The committee recommended instead that the department publish scores as a share of possible points. The report recommended a grade based solely on scores, and then a separate measure showing whether scores grew, fell or were flat. Without including growth, Wright warns that schools where poor students start behind but learn a lot would be “system-

into the asphalt-manufacturing and water-bottling businesses. He added that the City should charge the state for providing JPD security to the state fair in October. The City has unsuccessfully made the same request of the state over the years. City officials have stressed that the mayor controls staffing and could still proceed with the furloughs despite the council’s recommendation. In a statement, Yarber said that he would take the council’s proposals under consideration, adding that “council members have verbally proposed measures that will ultimately result in mass layoffs, which the administration had hoped to avoid.”

atically disadvantaged” compared to schools with more affluent students. On Friday, the Department of Education issued their 85-page response to the PEER study, rejecting the report’s concerns, saying that the group used no empirical data or analytics to back up their report’s claims. The department’s press release also issued on Friday said they use a task force made up of superintendents, administrators and legislators as well as an external review team to evaluate school districts. PEER said the use of a committee to set score cutoffs is “subjective,” allowing officials

2014 MISSISSIPPI SCHOOL DISTRICTS REPORT CARD Most school districts in the state are in the received Bs, Cs and Ds, according to the Mississippi Department of Education accountability system. # of Districts Receiving Each Grade: A: 19 B: 43 C: 48 D: 39 F: 1

to make schools “look good.” PEER also questioned whether Mississippi dropped its requirement for high-school seniors to pass four subject-area tests to graduate to manipulate graduation rates. Because Mississippi’s accountability system is written into state law, legislators could ultimately judge the report. Nicole Webb, a spokeswoman for Gov. Phil Bryant, said his office was reviewing the report, saying it appears to contain “valuable information.” Read the full PEER report online at www. jfp.ms. Email reporter Arielle Dreher at arielle@jacksonfreepress.com.

“I am deeply concerned about the impact on public safety, mainly because council members have proposed significant reductions in the Police Department and the Fire Department. The council has also proposed drastic cuts to the Department of Public Works and this comes at a time when the department has begun making progress on street resurfacing and other road issues,” Yarber said in his statement. Yarber will hold a public budget forum at 7 p.m. on Aug. 27 at Progressive Missionary Baptist Church, located at 2323 Powers Avenue in Jackson. The city must pass a budget by Sept. 15 for the fiscal year that begins Oct. 1.

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ow schools are graded is important. Grade them too easily, and failing districts and schools will make the cut despite miserable conditions or poor teaching and standards. Grade them too harshly, and several districts will continue

9

TALK | katrina

Man, I’ll Never Forget: Hurricane Katrina Through the Eyes of a Child by Ashley Norwood

Lombard Age 20, Gulfport

Age 21, Pass Christian

ASHLEY NORWOOD

Imani

Henderson

M

A

day before the storm came, we had this stray cat that’d come around. We would feed it. One day we were in the living room, and the screen door was open, and the cat brought all these babies, and we thought they were rats. She starts bringing them up to the door, and we couldn’t let the kittens be outside without care. We bought houses for them all. But then the storm came. We had 30 family members, and these little tiny kittens were everywhere! Four little kittens. We tried to keep them all in the laundry room in a little box because they kept getting stepped on. During the rumbling of Katrina, they got stuck in between the water heater. They were so scared and shaky. But I think they were most comfortable there. My mom still calls them Katrina cats ’til this day. For the kids, the cats were a distraction and kept them calm during the storm. We kept two and gave the others away. I remember getting up to check on them days after the storm. ’Til this day, they still get frightened when the rain comes, and it thunders.

Chan Booker

ASHLEY NORWOOD

y mom works in the school. Our school was out for awhile and after the first few weeks, she knew we weren’t gonna be in school in Gulfport. So one of my uncles had a co-worker who donated an 18-wheeler full of water and supplies. We couldn’t get any flights. Gas was so high. A flight was like $500–$600 one way trip. My house was damaged, but her biggest concern was that we had no clue how long we would be out of school because of the storm, which wiped out all the schools. So she packed my bag and me and my friend, an exchange student from Cozumel, met the guys off the highway in my uncle’s truck. So I rode an 18-wheeler, like a 26-hour ride, to Kansas City. It was me, my uncle and my friend. We had to take turns sitting in the passenger seat and the drivers shared a bunk bed. Man, I thought I’d never get there. I didn’t have any games to play, any books to read. Just a window and a bunch of highway

Sereena and Enjoli Henderson

ASHLEY NORWOOD

T

Sereena

en years after Hurricane Katrina, graduate student Ashley Norwood asked Gulf Coast natives at the University of Mississippi, “What’s the first thing that comes to mind when you hear Hurricane Katrina?” They each discussed their most vivid memories—of cats, birthday parties and Vienna sausages. Read more and listen to audio at jfp.ms/katrina.

Age 20, Moss Point

Dunning Age 19, Gulfport

O

ASHLEY NORWOOD

Arkesha

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h my gosh. Vienna sausages! We ate Vienna sausages for I know a month or two after the storm. We didn’t have electricity. My dad would try to make grits or oatmeal over a match. We took showers with gallons of water, and we had so much water because of the generous donations from the Salvation Army. They even gave away all-white Air Force Ones. It was hot, so hot. I had a nose bleed almost everyday. My dad’s job was completely destroyed, so he was out of work for awhile, but he was a “hustla.” He had an eye for parts like aluminum, metal, parts of an air conditioner, and he would sell it. For big bucks! They called it “scrapping.” I called it survival. But we were so fortunate. Part of our house was destroyed, and we lived in the garage for awhile. When we found out it would take at least six months before the rebuilding began, my family decided to get away to Disney World for three weeks. We returned to a re10 modeled house after six months and never left. Home is home. There’s no place like home.

W

e did whatever we could for each other for the first couple weeks after the storm, but it took awhile before it got back to “regular life.” My family stayed in our house during the hurricane. It was me, my mom, my dad, three older cousins and my little cousin, who was 5. As the flood waters rose, we had to swim out the back window. Our house had up to six feet of water. But it’s crazy; we were extremely calm. We swam until we got to the highway. Our whole neighborhood flooded. Off Highway 613, it was, like, more than 100 people in a small abandoned gas station. The family across the street from the gas station managed to save one of their cars, and they gave us a ride about five miles north to my Grandma’s house, and we stayed there for six months after Hurricane Katrina. When we returned home, it was bad. The water line was above my head. The refrigerator was in the dining room. It really didn’t look like “home.” We had just moved there two years ago. I didn’t have any friends there; it was weeks before we got electricity. I just remember everybody being outside. Playing and helping each other clean up and pick up limbs in each other’s yards for awhile. I remember everybody pitching in where they could. We all ate together … fish fries … grilled food. Me and my brother had bikes, and we hung out with new friends all day. I have friends that will always be my friends from that time. When I go home for Thanksgiving or Christmas, we always link up.

TALK | reflection

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The Story of My Lifetime: Notes on Katrina’s 10th Story and photos by David Rae Morris

al oasis. My daughter could walk alone to a good public school with a student body representing 31 nations. I could sit on the front porch and watch the day go by, mow the lawn every two weeks in the summer, and shovel snow every now and then. It was nice to be able to have a fire. We rarely ran the air conditioning. We lived in a small, but loving university

how the city has changed and what the future holds. It is important to remember Hurricane Katrina and what she represents in our history. But I am reminded of it every day as I drink my coffee and look at my most iconic images hanging on the wall of my house. In the intervening years since the storm made landfall, I have come to be-

welcome you home first—a train whistle or a tugboat on the industrial canal, the smell of coffee roasting, a crawfish boil or a short torrential rain. But then I realize in reality, I never really left. And I know more than ever what we all know, what it means to miss New Orleans. ——————

A military convoy drives along St. Charles Avenue in Uptown New Orleans, Sept. 8, 2005. The city was devastated when XLI PIZIIW FVSOI EJXIV ,YVVMGERI /EXVMRE QEHI PERHJEPP MR WSYXLIEWX 0SYMWMERE Ă SSHMRK TIVGIRX SJ XLI GMX]

community. Still, we never sold our house in the Bywater, and I never gave up my Louisiana driver’s license. However, I want no part of the Katrina anniversary. I’ll talk about it if someone asks me, but I know it will be a spectacle to rival the event itself. The media are descending upon New Orleans and the Gulf Coast long about now, doing their stand-ups and their in-depth stories and will leave town Aug. 30, never to return. The story will truly be dead. At least in my lifetime. Weeks in advance, the locals started addressing the impending anniversary. There have already been lectures and exhibits, and we will all continue to ponder

lieve that my work covering Katrina represented something of a Faustian bargain. And now, as we prepare to revisit the pain and trauma once more time, I am torn between not wanting to listen and wanting to help lead the conversation. Katrina took a toll on all of us, but I am convinced that she took my soul. I have been in and out of New Orleans for the last seven years, but we recently returned to live in the city again. While I was off with my family in Ohio or working on a film in Mississippi a good bit of the time, I lost touch with the spirit and rhythms of the city. But it has not taken long to get right back into the flow of things. And I am finding out it is the little things that

It was a Friday afternoon in August. I had just returned from the bank and parked in front of my house in the Bywater. I decided to walk to the corner store and get a soda and the paper. As I pushed open the door, an arm reached out and pulled me in. It was an armed robbery in progress. Three guys with guns, bandanas covering their faces. It all happened very fast, and what scared me later was the fact that I had not been scared. They got the $80 I had just gotten from the bank, hit the store owner with the butt of the gun and then fled. I had been

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s we approached the 10th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, I found myself wanting to experience neither. I don’t need to be reminded of the misery and death that Katrina wrought on New Orleans and the Mississippi Gulf Coast. I have never forgotten the destruction that enveloped my city—the smell and the heat and the silence. It is certainly amazing that it has been 10 years and the City of New Orleans seems to be thriving, for now, but I don’t need to look back to continue to move forward. That is not to say that Katrina didn’t play a very important role on my life and career as a photojournalist and documentary photographer. Indeed, it was, and still is, the greatest story of my lifetime, and represents the largest body of work I have produced to date. It came out of nowhere and landed in my lap and for the better part of three years, I did little else than cover the aftermath of the storm. There were daily assignments, magazine covers, exhibits and lectures, press-club awards, and the shared respect from my colleagues and contemporaries for having successfully survived and documented that moment in time. But by 2008, after three years of almost daily attention to the story, it all suddenly stopped. After Hurricane Gustav narrowly missed New Orleans in September 2008, the media grew quiet. Ultimately no one outside the city wanted to hear about the storm anymore. And I was left wondering where one goes after such a momentous catastrophe. How do you go back to a “normalâ€? life after witnessing so much pain and suffering and incompetence? My partner of 20 years had had enough of the debris and moved with our young daughter to a small town in southeast Ohio. I was invited to teach there for a while, but that eventually dried up, too. I returned to New Orleans to cover the celebration when the Saints won the Super Bowl, and it finally seemed like we had all turned the corner and the city had been lifted out of its malaise. But then the Deepwater Horizon exploded in the Gulf, and all the pain and frustration and fear returned. While it was shorter lived, it was like a cruel dĂŠjĂ vu. In spite of the jokes my friends made about living in Ohio—often quoting Tennessee Williams: “America has only three cities: New York, San Francisco and New Orleans. Everywhere else is Cleveland.â€?— it did represent something of an emotion-

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TALK | reflection

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10 YEARS AFTER KATRINA IURP SDJH

the Mississippi Gulf Coast. Returning again a day later with a friend who had flown in from Israel, we went to Waveland and Bay St. Louis, and I was able to find friends gutting their house less than a mile from the beach. We had a candlelight dinner of MREs. The wire service I had been freelancing for during the last five or so years pretty much abandoned me. “Our team is in place,� I was told when I was finally able to reach the desk. But within a week, I had picked up a two-week assignment from another wire service, and by October began doing regular work for yet another. This kept me with steady work for the next few years, until the money became scarce and the storm largely irrelevant. I did not return to New Orleans until Sept. 8. I rode into the city from Baton Rouge with Tyrone Turner, a contract photographer from National Geographic and our old friend Lori Waselchuk. We were not on deadline and under no pressure to file or transmit pictures to news agencies. We simply wandered around town. We returned again the next day, and

living in New Orleans for more than 10 We filled our tanks with gas, got groceries years, and nothing like this had ever hap- and later filled the bathtub with water. pened to me. Katrina took a last-minute jog to The police came and took everyone’s the east on Monday morning, some say statements. I called my partner, Susanne, because of cooler waters at the mouth to tell her what had happened and that I of the Mississippi, and made landfall in was alright. Later that evening, Big Chris the tiny Mississippi community of Peararound the corner at Vaughan’s handed me lington. It had moved inland and passed two boxes of boiled shrimp, saying: “You just to the east of Jackson, knocking out didn’t get robbed for nothing!’� Across the power in some neighborhoods, including street, Ms. Sally offered words of comfort: where we were staying in Belhaven. Still, “It’ll be alright, baby, as long as that hur- it seemed, at first, that New Orleans had ricane stays away.� dodged the bullet. Gasoline was not to be Nobody had been paying attention to found, and cell-phone service was spotty the hurricane. It had formed on Aug. 23 at best. While I could occasionally make as tropical depression no. 12. By the time an outgoing call, my phone did not ring it passed over south Florida, it was a mini- again for three weeks. mum category-one named Katrina. It was In retrospect, I often think that the expected to turn sharply to the north and robbery and our subsequent decision to east and make landfall around Appalacacola. It wasn’t until the 10 p.m. news on Friday night that people seemed to be expressing alarm. The hurricane had not turned. It was intensifying and heading directly toward the Louisiana Gulf Coast and the city. I had never evacuated the city for a hurricane before. I had always stayed to cover the storm as a photographer. Their names run together now: there was Erin and Opal in 1995, Danny in 1997, Georges in 1998, Isidore and Lili in 2002. When Hurricane Ivan had threatened the city in 2004, eventually hitting the Florida panhandle, I ended up driving up to Jackson at 3 a.m. to be with my family, who had fled several days earlier. I did not want Members of the Oregon National Guard patrolled St. Claude Avenue in New Orleans, to be stuck without power, under Sept. 10, 2005—weeks after Hurricane Katrina devastated the Gulf Coast. curfew, and no story to cover. So I left. It was not an evacuation. But this was clearly different. The robbery had thrown off my karma just evacuate had really been a blessing in dis- then Lori and I met in town late the afterenough that when I saw the satellite images guise. I am not sure how I would have han- noon of the 10th. By then, we had deterof the storm taking up most of the Gulf, I dled the turmoil of the city in the days im- mined my house was OK. The flood waters didn’t hesitate to say: “We’re leaving.� mediately following the storm. And even if had stopped a block away, but I did not The next day we packed our daugh- I had come away emotionally unscathed, venture inside until then. Our missing cat ter and one cat (a second was outside I doubt I would have had the stomach to greeted me, howling as if to ask, “Where and could not be found), and a couple return again immediately. Because we were the hell have you been?� of changes of clothes in to a suitcase and without power for a week in Jackson, we I immediately began filling suitcases drove to Jackson. Surely we’d be back by were spared the non-stop news coverage with clothes and packing my truck with Tuesday. We left late morning and there of the story as it unfolded on the national negatives and hard drives left in the mowas already a buzz in town. The lines at the television news. ment 10 days earlier. A National Guard gas stations were a little longer, the traffic a As it was, I took an assignment from Hummer came around the corner going little more congested. Still, we made it out The New York Times and accompanied the wrong way down France Street. I was of town without incident and arrived in a reporter and several preservationists to wearing a collection of beat-up press creJackson safely, and set up with my father’s Biloxi and Gulfport looking at how the dentials around my neck, the most promwidow, JoAnne. We did everything right. storm had affected historic properties on inent from my old photo agency,

TALK | reflection or two of covering the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina and find myself wide-awake in the middle of the night. There was no logic or pattern. I would have several hours of deep sleep and then I would suddenly wake up at 2:52, or 1:47 or 3:12. It was both the safest and most terrify-

job at Loyola and our daughter was back in school. Sometimes it was more prevalent than others. After a while, I reached a point where I could no longer go into abandoned houses or even into ones that were in the process of being gutted. For weeks I was unable to

This organ was still in the sanctuary of the Church of the Living God in the Lower Ninth Ward on March 18, 2007.

were from the Oregon National Guard. I held out my driver’s license. “I live here. I’m just taking some stuff out.” “Cool,” she said. So began my Katrina odyssey. I returned to Baton Rouge that night and to Jackson the next day, picking up another assignment for USA Today along the way. Many more would follow. I lived at a friend’s house across the river in Algiers for awhile, and then moved back into our house, even though the power had still not been restored. I commuted back and forth between New Orleans and Jackson for three months until we moved back as a family at Thanksgiving. Our city was in ruin. “Somewhere between the piles of duct-taped refrigerators that line the streets, the wafting smell of rotting garbage and the passing Hummers of National Guard on patrol,” I wrote on my website in October 2005, “there has to be some rational explanation for this situation. But I haven’t figured it out yet.” —————— The insomnia started almost immediately. I would return to Jackson after a week

ing time of night. In the darkness, I was forced to confront the enormity of the disaster. The silent of the night brought me back to the deserted neighborhoods where I had wandered—Lakeview or Gentilly or the Lower Ninth Ward—photographing the remaining muck, debris and the interior of houses. The silence was deafening, the stillness overwhelming. I remember one church in which the organ had been carried across the sanctuary by the floodwaters and encrusted with mud. I visited every month or so, and nothing had moved. Even the dried chunks of mud remained untouched after almost a year. In the process of re-visiting these scenes, I was forced to confront my own demons, my hopes and fears. Was I doing good work? Was it important? Did anyone care? How long would it take for New Orleans to recover from the storm? How would the city be changed? What role would I play in the rebuilding efforts? I would toss and turn for hours reliving these scenes before finally drifting back to sleep, often as the dawn began to envelop the nighttime sky. The pattern continued after we were all back in New Orleans and Susanne had returned to her

drive across the bridge to the Lower Ninth Ward, just three blocks from my house, because it was too painful knowing all of the pain and suffering that had occurred there. There were residents I had befriended there whom I wanted to visit and photograph, but I just couldn’t bring myself to do it. I am a runner, and running helped me maintain my equilibrium. Up to that point, I had only run 5Ks and 10Ks, but by 2008 I had started to run half marathons and, in the course of the next six years, would run 14. It was a way to stay physically fit, but it also gave my mind a safe space to ponder where I had been and where I was going. I even ran the New York City Marathon on my 50th birthday and continued to run until an ankle injury forced me to slow down for a few years. But the insomnia has remained. I tried the occasional over-the-counter sleep aid, and knew smoking a few hits off a joint would guarantee a restful sleep. But these were not things I wanted to get in the habit of doing every night. After we had moved to Ohio, my sleeplessness became easier to deal with. I would get up early, make coffee and breakfast for my daughter and after she would

leave for school, I would often get back into bed and sleep for another hour or two. Linear sleep, I concluded, was overrated. I often used waking up at 4:30 a.m. or so as an excuse to go to a 6 a.m. spin class on Friday mornings. It was a delicate pattern but seemed to work. I rarely had nightmares or dreams that revisited the storm. The worst I had involved rising water. I was standing on the roof of a house, and the floodwaters were rising quickly. My dear friend and fellow photographer Lori Waselchuk was nearby on a lower roof. She was photographing and didn’t realize the water was about to sweep her away. I forced myself to wake up. Even after I began teaching in 2008, the storm was ever-present in my mind. It probably didn’t help that I continued to hang several of more memorable images of the storm on the wall of the living room of our house. The most iconic, an image of a picket fence submerged in floodwaters, offered daily reminders of the storm. And every time I saw the same style of fence around town, I would have mini-flashbacks. Ten years later, I still suffer from insomnia. I can get five solid hours of sleep, but after then, I am wide awake. I play a little game with myself, trying to guess what time it is when I wake up. I am usually within an hour, but I have been known to be only minutes off. Sometimes I am lucky and go back to sleep fairly quickly, or manage to actually sleep soundly thorough the night, but not often. In fact, as I write now it is the middle of the night, and I am finishing this piece at 3:30 a.m., having suddenly found myself wide-awake at 2:57. As much as I want to avoid the 10th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, I know that ultimately I can’t. She is so imbedded in my psyche that I have no choice but to accept it, for better or worse. Insomnia is one of the classic symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, and while I know that I don’t and never had a full-blown case of PTSD, my experience covering the aftermath of Katrina certainly contributed to my current state of mind and my anxieties about the future. Now that we are back in New Orleans, I am constantly being reminded of the storm—faded waterlines and National Guard markings—I have photographed and re-photographed over the last 10 years. And as we approach the anniversary, the fears and emotions have come into sharper focus. I drive by locations I photographed after the storm and remember the day and who I was with and what I was doing like it was yesterday. I am hoping that come Aug. 30, these anxieties will begin to ease and that I will be able to once again move forward to address other issues in my life. I guess I’ll have to sleep on that. Read more Katrina coverage from then and now at jfp.ms/katrina. 13 Õ}ÕÃÌÊÓÈÊ Ê-i«Ìi LiÀÊ£]ÊÓä£xÊÊUÊÊ v«° Ã

Impact Visuals, which had shut down four years earlier. Still they got me through every major checkpoint I encountered for the next three months. The Hummer stopped. A stern-looking woman riding shotgun peered out at me from behind mirrored sunglasses. They

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Why it stinks: Who are these heroes? Of course, hundreds of federal government employees did as fine a job as one could have expected during such a disaster. By the estimation of many observers, it was the ineptitude primarily of top federal government officials that exacerbated the damage Mother Nature wrought. If that weren’t bad enough, Gov. Barbour’s closeness with federal officials—yes, with then-President George W. Bush—helped divert funds earmarked for low-income housing and jobs programs for political pet projects such as the Port of Gulfport expansion, even as Barbour routinely demonized Louisiana, which was run by Democrats. If those actions are heroic, 14 we’d hate to know what actions Barbour would consider villainous.

Barbour’s True Place in Katrina History

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he 10-year anniversary of Hurricane Katrina’s devastation has understandably come with a deluge of retrospectives and remembrances—what went right and wrong, what lessons were learned, what work remains and how we all pulled together. The triumphs and obstacles overcome should be celebrated. At the same time, despite the way Mississippians came together in the immediate aftermath of Katrina, we’re struck by the ever-widening gulf of opportunity separating Mississippi’s residents. These divisions were largely not the creation of the state’s people, but of her elected officials— then and since—whose post-Katrina policies fueled socioeconomic and racial disparities in housing, employment and opportunity. In a 2010 report, the Mississippi Center for Justice concluded that five years after Katrina made landfall, Mississippi had missed its housing targets by 5,000 units “due to unjust decisions by Mississippi policymakers, irrational interpretation of federal audit, elevation, and environmental rules, and discriminatory zoning decisions by local governments.� Even after that, Mississippi officials convinced the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development to “reprogram� community development block grants, which should have gone to rebuilding poor neighborhoods, to the Port of Gulfport expansion project on the promise of creating jobs. A 2013 legislative report determined that the port would be unable to meet its objective of “creating or retaining 2,586 permanent direct maritime jobs by 2015.� This fact was affirmed this summer

when the federal government agreed to give the state until 2019 to hit the goal. Even worse, The Hattiesburg American reported that not much more than half of the 98 jobs created since the expansion project began in 2008 have gone to lowand moderate-income residents. Not coincidentally, Gov. Haley Barbour is currently on tour to promote the book he co-wrote with Democratic strategist Jere Nash. While Barbour apparently calls the Port of Gulfport the “one that got away,â€? the truth is, the project stands with other shining beacons of the “Haley Barbour Victory Tourâ€?—Silicor, Kior, Twin Creeks, HCL Cleantech—as corporate-welfare projects that failed to deliver on Barbour’s empty trickle-down promises of jobs and prosperity. Hurricane Katrina offered Barbour (and others) a real opportunity to lead on housing, education and opportunity in the so-called opportunity zones; with his stronghold on Mississippi politics, he could easily have creating stability and opportunity by fully funding public education and expanding health care to the state’s citizens during his eight-year political career. Instead, he spent that time crafting his reputation as Mississippi’s Corporate Welfare King, writing checks to business buddies that were payable by the Mississippi treasury. (Oh ‌ and getting the coast casinos back open on dry land.) As we celebrate the heroes of Katrina and remember those who lost a great deal in its wake here and in Louisiana, let’s remember to put Haley Barbour in his correct slot in history, even if it’s not the one he’s trying to write for himself.

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Oxford Takes Right Stand on Flag, Deserves Support

I

t was 1981, and I was a student at Ole Miss. I was more likely to spend my Thursday nights at The Warehouse than at Anderson Hall studying. It was the place to see and be seen. But I often avoided the crowded patio bar, instead frequenting a quiet corner table inside the restaurant where two Oxford mainstays “held court” each night: Oxford Mayor John Leslie and Ole Miss writer-inresidence Willie Morris. If you know anything about those two, you can only imagine the number of long stories told each night. And the amount of alcohol consumed. Both were legendary, and deservedly so. My father had been something of a mentor to Willie when he was in high school, and we lived five doors down from his mother when I was growing up; both of my sisters walked down to her house each week for piano lessons. We had lots of Yazoo City stories to tell. Add in my family’s long ties to Oxford, Taylor and Ole Miss, and I had an open invitation to join their nightly sessions whenever I could. Often our talks centered on our mutual favorite topic: sports. Or on people and places we both knew and loved. But sometimes the talk was political. Willie was a complex soul: He had been an alienated expatriate living in New York, yet was nostalgic about his southern roots and his boyhood home. His hatred of segregation and corruption drove him away from his home state, but a part of him never left. And coming back to the new Mississippi had changed him. It wasn’t everything he wanted the South to be, but it was enough. He was home. So it was through the lens of those formative memories of long discussions on race and the ghosts of our past that I was greeted with the recent news that Mayor Pat Patterson and the Oxford Board of Aldermen had voted 7-0 to remove the state flag of Mississippi from city property. Coincidentally, the night before, I had watched two ESPN programs about Ole Miss’ past racial reckoning: Wright Thompson’s “Ghosts of Mississippi” about the 1962 season and “It’s Time” about Chucky Mullins. I have known Pat Patterson for almost 40 years. He is a good man with strong opinions, mostly in favor of business. I would never classify him as a liberal. I admit that his vote was a bit of a surprise to me. Then again, why should it be? Ole Miss and the City of Oxford had to face their

ghosts long ago. From the University Grays until the riots following the admittance of James Meredith, no other city in Mississippi has embraced the symbols of their past like Ole Miss and Oxford. And, in the end, they had to put stubbornness aside and deal with those symbols in an honest fashion. Taking this issue head on and dealing with it was a brave stand. Already there are calls from less-than-tolerant citizens to boycott Oxford because of the vote. I have heard them called tyrants and worse. But this is what we do in our country. We elect men and women of character to office and expect them to make the right decisions for our communities— decisions based on our best interests and to the benefit of all citizens. That’s what happened here. The City of Oxford took a stand, based solely on principle, that said in the words of my hero Chucky Mullins, “it’s time.” It’s time to be heard and to do the right thing. Time to make a change. The Mississippi Legislature could learn something from the City of Oxford. If you think that the successful explosion of Ole Miss and Oxford in the past 20 years is unrelated to dropping the Battle Flag as a collegiate symbol, then you are in denial. What did that move change? It changed perception. It changed the way people who didn’t know the truth about Ole Miss viewed the university. And that change has paid off a hundredfold. Making a similar change by adopting a new state flag would have the same effect on Mississippi. It would be much harder for outsiders to look at Mississippi and see us as the backward haters they mistakenly think we are. We have made huge strides in our state. Willie would be proud. It’s time our state flag reflected that reality. I urge you to contact the governor and ask him to put the issue of the flag before the Legislature during the next session. Contact your Legislators and ask that they support a change in our state flag. And take a moment to thank Pat Patterson and the besieged Oxford Board of Aldermen for taking a stand. Whether you agree or disagree with them, this 7-0 vote took guts. And sometimes guts is enough. We need more of it in our state. It’s way past time. Let’s get this done for all Mississippians. Fred Rand is a graduate of Manchester Academy in Yazoo City and the University of Mississippi. He is president of several companies in Memphis. He writes southern novels under the name James Hunter Stuart.

The Mississippi Legislature could learn something from the City of Oxford.

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hat’s Bobo’s ring,� 12-year-old Simeon Wright said. He was standing next to his father, Moses, who went by “Mose,� in their front yard in east Money—a small town in the Mississippi Delta. The county sheriff had brought the ring by their house to confirm Mose’s nephew’s identity on Sept. 1, 1955, the day after Emmett Till’s body was pulled out of the Tallahatchie River. Simeon’s words were enough confirmation. Someone had murdered his cousin and thrown his body in the river. Till’s face was so badly beaten and decomposed from the water that it was difficult to identify him at first, but the ring confirmed what Mose had said the day before standing over the body: it was Emmett Till. Till was born and raised in Chicago, and the 14-year-old was visiting the Wrights in Mississippi that August. Emmett had let Simeon wear the ring earlier in the week, but Simeon had given it back because it was too big for his hand. The ring had belonged to Till’s deceased father’s, evidence of his identity that would prove fruitless in the months to come. What Happened at Bryant’s Grocery What happened on Wednesday, Aug. 24, is often misrepresented. Simeon, his brother Maurice and the two cousins from the North, Wheeler Parker and Emmett, decided to

go into Money after picking cotton all day. Maurice drove. Wheeler went into Bryant’s Store to buy something, and Emmett followed him, Simeon says now, but once Wheeler left, Emmett was alone with the owner’s wife, Carolyn Bryant, for a minute before Maurice sent Simeon in to get him. What happened between the boy and the 21-year-old woman for the brief time they were alone is unknown now to anyone but her, but that time period was short, only a minute or so Simeon says. Simeon says that while he was in the store to get Emmett, his cousin did not say anything out of line to Carolyn, and paid for his items and left. Carolyn followed the boys out, walking north toward where her car was parked. The boys were not in any hurry to leave—until Emmett let out a wolf-whistle as Carolyn walked toward her car. “That’s the reason we ran—we couldn’t get to our car fast enough,� Simeon says. The boys were about halfway back to Mose Wright’s house when Maurice pulled the car over. They saw someone following them. Three of the boys jumped out of the car, running out to the cotton fields to hide. Simeon lay down in the backseat. It was a false alarm, just a neighbor going home, but the boys were spooked. Till got scared when he saw his cousins’ reactions, after returning to the car. “Please don’t tell Uncle Mose what I’ve done,� Till told them, understanding the gravity of the situation. “I don’t want to go home.� Till’s whistle likely would have been harmless in his

Chicago hometown, but in the Mississippi Delta, his actions were taken quite differently. Mamie Till-Mobley had warned her son of southern customs, but Simeon says it was just like Emmett to test the boundaries. “He was a happy-go-lucky guy, always laughing,â€? Simeon says. “He had been taught how to act down here, but with his personality, that was a challenge.â€? Carolyn Bryant later told a different story of what happened in that moment alone with Emmett Till, and before the trial, she said that Till touched her waist and wrists and made advances at her. Simeon says it would have been impossible for Emmett to grab her waist because you couldn’t get behind the counter and that the story she told of Simeon dragging Till out of the store was not true. The woman, who is still alive and living in another state, did change her story years later, Simeon Wright says, admitting she over-dramatized her account of what happened. ‘If You Just Let Me Live ‌’ The boys had forgotten about the incident by the weekend and never told Mose about it. Early on Sunday morning, after a Saturday night out in Greenwood, Emmett Till and his cousins were back in east Money at Mose Wright’s home, asleep in two rooms. Suddenly, Roy Bryant and J.W. Milam, who had a pistol in his hand, banged on the door, demanding to see Till. PRUH 7,// VHH SDJH

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Emmett Till poses with his mother, Mamie TillMobley, in 1954.

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Bryant and Milam were half-brothers. Bryant was married to Carolyn and owned Bryant’s Grocery. Milam had also run a store in Glendora that burned down the year before. The Milam-Bryant family was raised and stayed in Tallahatchie County, mainly running general stores. Wheeler Parker, Till’s cousin who had also travelled from Chicago to visit his uncle, remembers that night vividly. Parker was staying in the room next to Till’s and when the men burst into his

porch that night, but he remembers his father saying a man was on the porch, likely the black man who showed Bryant and Milam where Mose lived. What happened next remained a secret, veiled in half-truths for years. In research done for his 2005 documentary, “The Untold Story of Emmett Louis Till,� Keith Beauchamp discovered that 14 people were involved in the kidnapping and murder of Emmett Till that night. Beauchamp says Till was taken to Clint Shurden’s plantation in ARIELLE DREHER

Privately owned Bryant’s Grocery in Money is barely standing and blocked off today. A Freedom Trail marker signals the store as the place where Till whistled at Carolyn Bryant outside the store, leading to his murder.

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room that night, he thought his life was over. When the men left his room, Parker made a promise to God that set him on course for the rest of his life. “If you just let me live, I’ll do what’s right.� Bryant and Milam found Till in the next room, which Simeon was sharing with his cousin. When Simeon opened his eyes, he saw two white men standing at the foot of his bed. He recognized Bryant immediately but did not know the man holding the gun. Milam told Simeon to lie back down and go to sleep while Till got dressed. Simeon lay in his bed, without a clue what was going on. His mother came in to plead with the men, saying she’d give them money. They claimed that they were going to take him out, whip him and bring him back, Simeon says. Emmett said nothing, pausing only to insist that he needed to put his socks on with his shoes, but otherwise following the men’s orders. A woman that Mose Wright later said publicly was Carolyn Bryant was in the truck that night with Bryant and Milam to identify the boy. Mose also said there was another black man on the porch that evening who 20 hid his face. Simeon did not go out to the

Drew, Miss., which is northwest of Money in Sunflower County. Milam’s half-brother, Leslie Milam, managed the plantation, and he along with others were present that evening and likely participated in the beating and torturing of Till, Beauchamp says. Beauchamp found that five African American men were forced to be involved, whether that meant holding Till down or cleaning up the mess afterward. The white men likely did not plan to kill Till initially, but things got out of hand, according to witnesses Beauchamp found. On their way back to Glendora, his research found, Bryant and Milam stopped at the river and shot Till, tied a cotton gin around his neck and dumped him into the Tallahatchie River. An FBI autopsy on the exhumed body in 2004 confirmed that Till died of a gunshot to the head, but he had several other head wounds indicating that he was badly beaten before the final blow. Mose Wright reported the abduction to the sheriff’s department on Sunday morning, according to Devery Anderson’s book “Emmett Till: The Murder that Shocked the World and Propelled the Civil Rights Movement.� Anderson found that the sheriff, George Smith, seemed to know right away

who the two men could be as soon as Wright mentioned “Bryant.� Smith arrested Bryant on kidnapping charges that same day, after Bryant admitted to taking the boy and dropping him off to walk home. Milam was arrested the following day, also on kidnapping charges. Till’s mother got the news Sunday morning via Curtis Parker (another cousin who had arrived that evening and was in the house the night Till was taken, Simeon says). Parker called his mother, Willie Mae, in Chicago that morning, and she broke the news to Mamie, Anderson writes. Mamie considered taking a train to Chicago, but Wheeler Parker arrived late that evening, not wanting to stay in Mississippi any longer. He began to tell what he knew. Till’s body was found three days later on Wednesday, bloated, disfigured and barely recognizable. He was pulled from the Tallahatchie River with barbed wire around his neck, as well as a cotton-gin fan, and multiple gashes and wounds, including a bullet hole in his face. Mose and Simeon identified his body and then, after some complications, the body was sent back up to Chicago to his mother. His body arrived in Chicago on Friday, and reporters for Ebony and Jet magazines Simeon Booker and David Jackson were at the train station. Jackson took the infamous picture that ran on the Sept. 15 cover of Jet. This photo and Mamie’s decision to have an open casket for her son’s memorial were the publicity needed to fuel national outrage, protests and movements in the coming months. Indicted, Then Freedom Meanwhile in Sumner, a grand jury indicted Bryant and Milam for the murder of Till, and their trial was set to begin in Tallahatchie County where the body was found. They would be tried on the murder charges first. The state prosecuted the two men, calling Mamie down from Chicago as a key witness in the trial to counter a false rumor out that the body wasn’t Till’s. Mose Wright’s testimony was a highlight of the trial. Mose was able to identify Milam when asked to do so on the stand. “There he is,� he said, extending his arm fully pointing at Milam across the courtroom, a black-to-white gesture that was unheard of in the Jim Crow South. Despite the evidence and testimonies of eyewitnesses, Bryant and Milam’s defense continued to stress that the body was unable to be identified and was too decomposed to possibly be Till’s. Tallahatchie County Sheriff H.C. Strider had cast public doubt on the

body’s identity despite having signed his death certificate. The jury of 12 white men came back with a “not guilty� verdict a little over an hour after deliberation started. Mose Wright took his family and moved north almost immediately. Simeon says they started packing the Saturday after the trial and moved on Monday. Simeon was upset for years—the verdict had the most profound effect on him. “I was so sure we were going to get a conviction because we were eyewitnesses, but I got a taste of what the Jim Crow system was like—something I didn’t know,� he says now. Bryant and Milam were also tried on the kidnapping charges that fall and acquitted despite their public confessions to Sheriff Smith before Till’s body was even found. The incredible miscarriage of justice in that Tallahatchie Courthouse in the fall of 1955 set off a movement. Two weeks later, Rosa Parks would refuse to give up her seat on a public bus in Alabama. Mamie Till-Mobley went back up to Chicago and finally had time to grieve the loss of her only son. Chris Benson, a professor at the University of Illinois, helped her write her memoir, “The Death of Innocence.� “She mined her grief for a mission in life,� Benson says in an interview. “And learned that we all have a unique purpose.� After the trial, besides the occasional speaking engagement, Till-Mobley went on to become a teacher, teaching in Chicago public schools for more than 20 years. By 2002, she had retired, but Benson was able to learn most of her story in long sit-down interviews, sometimes reading chapters back to her because her eyesight was failing. He says she was grateful to have her story down on paper. “She was able to leave her with a certain level of peace, knowing that her story would live on,� he says. Benson completed Mamie’s memoir following her death in 2003. Confessions, Lies and Truth A year after they were acquitted and protected from double jeopardy—the law that protects a person from being tried again on the same charges—Bryant and Milam sold their story to Look magazine for a 1956 article. The men confessed to killing Till, saying he had provoked them with stories of being with white women and taunting them. Filmmaker Beauchamp’s reporting years later proved their confession to be false. Beauchamp found 14 people involved with Till’s murder, including two black men thrown in jail during the 1955 trial so that they wouldn’t be able to testify. Beauchamp researched the case for 20 PRUH 7,// VHH SDJH

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De’Vanté Wiley interned at the interpretive center for the past two summers, and he recently found out that he is related to the Wrights.

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she had two young boys, according to Anderson’s research. In the end, the grand jury found insufficient evidence to charge Carolyn in 2007. Beauchamp believes the case wasn’t handled properly and disagrees with its outcome. Despite Till’s case closing for good, a congressional bill, the Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act of 2007, became law in 2008. It granted funding for the FBI to reopen unsolved or unjustly tried civil rights violations that occurred before Jan. 1, 1970. The nicknamed “Till Bill” expires in 2017, and Beauchamp says he hopes that “Till Bill 2” will become a reality in the future, with 22 no cutoff or end date to investigate cases.

Sumner’s Apology, Reconciliation In 2007, members of Tallahatchie County came together to form the Emmett Till Commission and made the first public apology for their community’s role in the injustice of Emmett Till’s trial. The public apology, made on behalf of the people of Tallahatchie County, did not go over well with everyone. Many people felt that Till’s case was dropped in their laps, because the crimes did not occur in their county; most of the crimes were committed in Sunflower and LeFlore Counties. Sumner was the site of the trial, meaning 12 white men from the county made up the jury that deliberated only a little over an hour to find Bryant and Milam not guilty for a murder they later confessed to. Tallahatchie County’s population today is 56 percent African American and 41 percent white. Sumner is home to about 300 people with a fairly even divide between the black and white community; 51 percent of the population is white; 47 percent African American. The Emmett Till Commission consists of nine African American and nine white community members who are committed to some type of healing and recognize the injustice that was done back then. Willie Williams is one of the commission members. He was born in 1955 in LeFlore County. The trial was well underway less than an hour from his childhood home. Williams is the pastor at Rollins United Methodist Church in Webb, the small town south of Sumner. Williams, who is black, learned about Emmett Till from his grandmother, who was acquainted with Crosby Smith, Till’s uncle. Williams says those conversations never went beyond the home, however, largely out of fear. “Some people didn’t want you to talk about it, and people didn’t talk about it publicly,” he says. “And black people really didn’t talk about it.” Williams says he has spoken with African American men who were the same age as Emmett in 1955 and lived in the area at the time. He says a lot of them left the Delta after the trial; many migrated north and left out of fear, he says. Till’s murder and trial drew national media attention because he had come down from Chicago and was a younger kid than many victims of white violence, Williams says. “There was a lot of people here whose lives were taken that no one ever heard about,” he says. The Emmett Till Interpretive Center is a part of the effort to ensure that Till’s legacy is not forgotten. It is located directly across from the courthouse where Bryant and Milam walked free. De`Vanté Wiley has interned at the In-

terpretive Center for the past two summers. Wiley’s investment in Till’s legacy became personal a few years ago when he found out that he is related to the Wrights through his mother’s side of the family. “Two years ago,

really don’t teach or endorse teaching civil rights in public school—so students are really lost,” he says. Wiley says it’s possible that a decent amount of his classmates never learned about COURTESY WHEELER PARKER JR

years, and the enormous injustice served in Till’s case kept him fighting for a federal investigation. In May 2004, he got his wish, and the FBI re-opened an investigation into the Till’s murder. Beauchamp’s documentary, “The Untold Story of Emmett Louis Till,” was released in 2005. Beauchamp and Alvin Sykes, a civil rights lawyer, worked with FBI investigators and, by 2006, the FBI delivered their report to Joyce Chiles, the attorney over the Fourth Judicial District in Mississippi. The state was responsible for putting the case before a grand jury. The FBI report contained information that could be used to indict Carolyn Bryant on culpable manslaughter charges because Beauchamp would be able to prove that she knew and understood the danger Emmett Till was in and did nothing to stop it. Beauchamp says he found two African American men who were boys back in 1955 that Bryant and Milam picked up for Carolyn to identify. Neither one was Emmett Till, so they were let off. There had also been a warrant out for Carolyn’s arrest back in 1955 because witnesses said then she was involved with the kidnapping, but she never served time. Sheriff Strider did not pursue her arrest because

Cousins Emmett Till (left) and Wheeler Parker (back right) wheel around ArgoSummit, Ill., with family friend Joe B. Williams (front right). Parker said this photo was taken some time between 1949-1950.

my grandma went to a funeral in Chicago with my family members and found we were related to Emmett Till,” he says. Wiley’s reaction was shock, and he is still working through what it means to him deeply. Wiley, who is 21 and a sophomore at Jackson State University, grew up in Greenwood, the most populated city close to Sumner, about 40 minutes south on 49E, now also known as the Emmett Till Memorial Highway. Wiley distinctly remembers how old he was when he learned about Emmett Till growing up. His great-grandmother told him the story once when he was 9 years old and again when he was 11. Despite learning about Till at home, he does not recall learning about him in his Greenwood High School history courses. What he does remember, however, is spending an entire month covering World War II and only a week and a half on the Civil Rights Movement. “It’s kind of common around here; they

Till, either. He says Till’s story is important not just because of the horrible injustice but because of the good that came out of it, too. “We can always talk about the Civil Rights Movement, but where did it come from?” he says. “It started with a 14-year-old boy brutally and unnecessarily killed, and the killers were able to walk away free—that’s what started the Civil Rights Movement in my opinion.” What followed Till’s lynching was a black-freedom movement from Rosa Parks and bus boycotts, to marches in Selma, to speeches on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial and the passage of the Voting Rights Act and the Civil Rights Act, all the way to the Black Lives Matter movement today in response to police killings of so many unarmed people of color. When asked if the next generation will know about Emmett Till, Wiley stops to think. His niece is a year old. “By the time she gets to be 18 or so, they’ll be talking about Trayvon Martin or

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ince 2007, city officials and local residents of Sumner, Miss., have worked together to reconcile a town that, 60 years ago, was the backdrop for an event that was a catalyst of the Civil Rights Movement. In 1955, two white men (though more were involved), Roy Bryant and his half brother, J. W. Milam, murdered Emmett Till, a 14-year-old African American boy, in the Mississippi Delta near Money after Till whistled at Bryant’s wife. The two men were acquitted for the murder the same year, but soon afterward, publicly admitted in Look Magazine to the crime. In 2007, members of the Emmett Till Memorial Commission, which the Tallahatchie Board of Supervisors appointed, issued a formal apology to the Till family for the incident. Patrick Weems, a Jackson native, is the director of the Em-

The center seeks to use artwork as a tool to reach generations. Weems says one of its goals is to figure out how to move the community forward and create spaces for people to feel welcome to engage in conversations about race relations and the positive impact of the Civil Rights Movement. Additionally, the interpretive center functions as a community center, serving the people who live in Tallahatchie County. There’s a yoga class on Thursdays and a library in the back. The hope, Weems said, is that the center eventually functions fully as a museum and community center. Large panels explaining Till’s story that focus on the trial in Sumner cover the center’s walls, and staff or interns give tours that begin with a sentence-by-sentence reading of the 2007 apology. Weems believes that art allows the space for people to engage and not feel threatened. “The idea is to begin to reframe how people think about Emmett Till,â€? he says. “When people think of Emmett Till, they just think about the tragedy. They don’t think about the implications and how it led to the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement.â€? Currently, the Interpretive Center is looking for candidates for a two-year internship. This winter, Weems says the center plans to host a photography workshop, a week-long program dedicated to telling positive stories of the movement and community’s legacy, for the internship. Next winter, the center will host a documentary project that lasts four weeks, Patrick Weems is the director of the Emmett Till Interpretive Center in where interns will help commuSumner, Miss. “Reconciliation begins by telling the truth,â€? he says. nity members who lived through the Civil Rights Movement and were there during times of divide in Sumner tell their stories. The center will partner with Barefoot mett Till Interpretive Center, which began as a project for the Workshops on the projects, an organization that aids in creating Emmett Till commission in 2012. citizen-produced media for education and advocacy purposes. Weems transferred to the University of Mississippi a couple Weems hopes that by using participants from inside the comof weeks before Hurricane Katrina and says that he was shocked munity, the center can offer a new perspective on Emmett Till. at the divided nature of the university. He created a group called “Reconciliation begins by telling the truth, and that’s a big Respect Mississippi to start conversations about why divisions piece of the mission of the Interpretive Center—how do we tell exist in culture, such as separate fraternities for different races, the truth, and how do we tell it honestly?â€? he asks. and other social issues such as racism and segregation. On Aug. 29, the Emmett Till Interpretive Center will host From there, he began working as a youth organizer for the a 60-year anniversary event from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. That day, William Winter Institute for Racial Reconciliation and devel- participants can tour places such as Bryant’s Grocery, the store oped the Summer Youth Institute, which is a two-week learn- where Till whistled at Bryant’s wife, the newly restored courting experience where participants do a civil-rights pilgrimage house in Sumner and the Tallahatchie River near the site where and then go home and do community projects. He earned his Till’s body was found. There isn’t a fee for the event, but donabachelor’s degree in philosophy in 2009 and a master’s degree in tions are accepted. The center is currently attempting to raise southern studies in 2014, both from UM. money to match a grant that will fund the workshops and art Weems says he chose southern studies because it helped work for the center. him with his identity, as well as to apply historical context. “We still have a lot of ways to go,â€? Weems says. “The real“Southern culture affects us all, and unless we understand that ity is that it’s a little surprising that we exist. You see a lot of civilhistory, we’re not going to understand ourselves,â€? he says. “Just rights museums in cities like Birmingham (or) Memphis ‌ so really getting deep into why religion is so important in the for us to exist in a town of 400 is pretty extraordinary.â€? South, how politics have been shaped in the South, how race For more information on the Emmett Till Interpretive Center, relations have been created and understanding the system.â€? visit emmett-till.org. COURTESY INVESTIGATION DISCOVERY

What History Teaches Us Scholars say understanding Till’s death in historical context is important. While Emmett Till’s death might have helped spark a reaction from Rosa Parks a few weeks later, the Civil Rights Movement had started as a legal struggle. Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka legally dismantled segregation in schools nationwide in 1954. But it had little immediate effect on legal segregation. Benson says the crumbling of a “separate but equal� legal standard turned the South into a frightening place to live for the African American community, especially those who wanted to challenge the status quo. As a middle-class northerner, Till could not have arrived in the Mississippi Delta at a worse time, Benson says. Till tried to challenge the status quo, and he faced, instead, an area of the nation the most resistant to the massive legal change of desegregation. Benson sees Emmett Till’s life and death as the bridge between the legal battle and the mass social movement for civil rights. He wants Till’s death to be seen as more than a racial struggle but wider as a power struggle. If so, he says, history can help inform what’s happening now to young African Americans in the country. “If we can see ethno-violence and hate crimes in that context, that it’s about forcing a power hierarchy and keeping people in their place, then we can see the similarities between then and now,� Benson says. After 10 years of research, Anderson believes Till’s name should be out there as much as Rosa Parks or Martin Luther King Jr. Regardless of conservative or progressive views, time or perspective, Anderson doesn’t think even conservatives today would say that Emmett Till had it coming. But Trayvon Martin? Somehow, white people had a prejudice against him in their mind no matter the circumstances, Anderson says. “We hide behind the fact that we have an African American president or that laws have changed, but that doesn’t mean racism is gone,� he says. The same resistance to change was evident in 1955, too. Part of Anderson’s research involved the backlash to the Brown v. Board decision and the polarization of the American people during the 1960s. Anderson says that baby steps of progress at the grassroots level were needed then to ignite the social movements of the Civil Rights Movement.

by Maya Miller

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Mike Brown, and Emmett Till might not exist,� he says. “The people around Till’s age right now dying? Those are the people they will be talking about.�

Till Interpretive Center Seeks to Rewrite Civil Rights Narrative

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Unintentional Filmmaker

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Living His Legacy Emmett Till’s life and death lives on in the lives of people close to him—even to this day. His cousin’s murder and the trial’s miscarriage of justice opened Simeon Wright’s eyes to the adverse world of race relations around him. He says that after the trial, he realized his own father couldn’t vote. He saw black families, like his, still working in cotton fields and being “paid” small amounts but with little gain in society. The Wrights moved to a Chicago suburb back in 1955, and Simeon still lives in the area today. Simeon continues to speak to both adults and young people, around Chicago and the U.S. He says that in the south side of Chicago, kids have never heard of his cousin. Simeon says Till’s murder and trial are a part of America’s history that all people need to understand. In a few majoritywhite high schools he’s spoken to, the kids ate Emmett’s story up, he says. “They can’t believe it happened in America,” he says. Wheeler Parker stayed in Argo-Summit, Ill., outside Chicago and is now the pastor of the Argo Temple Church of God there, the same church Emmett’s mother attended before her death. The night of Till’s kidnapping is still vivid in Parker’s memory. He says that the promise he made because of Till’s life changed his own. Argo Temple Church of God started in Mamie Till and her mother’s home back in 1926. Her positive attitude throughout the trial and after affected the whole family’s spirits, Parker says. “I can’t afford to hate,” he says. “I can’t afford the luxury of hating because it controls you.” Parker is thankful for the progress African Americans have made in the past 60 years because coming out of slavery, he says, it’s still difficult to get recognition as firstclass citizens. He works with a lot of young people in his church, telling them about history but without stirring up animosity. Parker has given 10 talks this year alone, including a trip to Mississippi in July. Parker believes that if Till’s story is not remembered, we’re subject to repeat it. “You have to constantly revisit it and the price that he paid,” Parker says of his cousin Emmett Till. “A lot of times (people) can appreciate it more if they know the people that paid for the freedom we have; they need to know the story.” Comment on and read more Emmett Till coverage at jfp.ms/till. Email Arielle Dreher at arielle@jacksonfreepress.com.

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n 2005, filmmaker Keith Beauchamp directed and produced “The Untold Story of Emmett Louis Till,” which won Audience and Special Jury awards at the 2005 Miami Film Festival, as well as the Freedom of Expression Award from the 2005 National Board of Review. He just announced that he has joined forces with Whoopi Goldberg to do a movie about Till. Since the documentary, Beauchamp has travelled the country lecturing about the events surrounding Till’s death. Because of his research, which he started doing in 1996, for

Why do you think the film has appealed to audiences since it was released?

Filmmakers work for years and years to produce something that can stand the test of time. … It was released more than a decade ago, and now there’s a whole generation of folks who are learning about Till for the first time, and they’re watching our film. I’m still traveling around the country, giving lectures on Till and my work, and that was basically, like, 16 films ago. I’m thrilled and happy that I was able to produce a film that people will watch for generations to come and that was important to me. I never wanted to produce anything that would just fade away and disappear. It just shows you the importance of being able to facilitate and record history. COURTESY INVESTIGATION DISCOVERY

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How and why do you think Till’s story is still relevant to us in 2015?

Justice never prevailed in his case, and because of our current climate—of all these police shootings where unarmed black males are being shot and killed— it’s through that experience where people begin to remember Emmett Till and (MVIGXSV ERH TVSHYGIV /IMXL &IEYGLEQT³W VIWIEVGL JSV LMW ßPQ °8LI 9RXSPH 7XSV] his name. … Whenever SJ )QQIXX 0SYMW 8MPP± LIPTIH XS VISTIR XLI )QQIXX 8MPP GEWI ERH WXMPP WIRHW LMQ EGVSWW you think of these young, XLI GSYRXV] XS KMZI PIGXYVIW 8SHE] XLI 0SYMWMERE REXMZI MW E JSVIQSWX EYXLSVMX] SR 8MPP unarmed black males, who many deem innocent, killed by police, you can look at the mothers that are the film, the U.S. Department of Justice reopened Emmett all speaking out and trying to get justice for their loved ones, Till’s case in May 2004. (and) you cannot help but think about Till and the late Mamie The Jackson Free Press recently spoke to Beauchamp by Till-Mobley and the fight that she had to get justice for her phone about the documentary and his filmmaking career. son. It’s the climate of today that has allowed Emmett’s spirit to continue on. What got you started with filmmaking?

I’ve always said I’m an unintentional filmmaker. … I learned about the (Emmett Till) case at the age of 10 growing up in Baton Rogue, Louisiana. I came across a JET magazine photograph of Till in my parents’ study and … it just shocked me. … My parents explained the story to me. Throughout my life, the name kept resurfacing in my parents’ household. Two weeks before my high school graduation … I was assaulted by an undercover police officer for dancing with a white friend. That’s what sparked me into wanting to fight injustice because I felt that I didn’t want anyone to go through what I had went through when I was assaulted. In my junior year of college, I went to New York to visit my childhood friend (Jason Jones) who started a film production company, and that’s how I was introduced to filmmaking. … It has been a life passion since I was 10 years old to fully tell (Emmett Till’s) story. In 1996, I really started getting my feet wet and researching. It was at a time where African Americans culturally were discussing the importance of telling our history, and the importance of African Americans telling our own history, and not necessarily Hollywood telling it for us.

What role do you think that film plays in changing the world we live in?

I think the Till case will always serve as a reminder of how far we have come and how far we have yet to go in this country. … People are still afraid to talk about (him). … People are still afraid to address race and sex. … That’s why we continue to struggle with racism in this country, not to mention all the other social issues that follow. Cosmetically, things have changed, but racism is still present today. If you look at what’s happening in the Delta right now, and the history of the Till case taking place there, you can see every single thing that we’re fighting in terms of social ills in this country. 1955 was an election year. … You’ll find that a lot of these murders and resurgence of hatred … happen near an election year. There’s so much we can learn from this particular case and the courageous actions of Mamie Till Mobley, because she was the one that made the decision to have the open casket at the funeral. It was that photograph that inspired me, and it was that photograph that continues to inspire a new generation today. … Without Till, the Civil Rights Movement might have happened, but when? This interview has been edited for space and clarity.

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AMERICAN/SOUTHERN CUISINE Basil’s (2906 N State St #104, Jackson, 601-982-2100) Paninis pizza, pasta, soups and salads. They’ve got it all on the menu. Broad Street Bakery (4465 Interstate 55 N. 601-362-2900) Hot breakfast, coffee drinks, fresh breads & pastries, gourmet deli sandwiches. The Feathered Cow (4760 I-55 North 769-233-8366) Simple and homemade equal quality and freshness every time. You never leave The Cow hungry! Primos Cafe (2323 Lakeland 601-936-3398/ 515 Lake Harbour 601-898-3400) A Jackson institution for breakfast, blue-plates, catfish, burgers, prime rib, oysters, po-boys & wraps. Famous bakery! Rooster’s (2906 N State St, Jackson, 601-982-2001) You haven’t had a burger until you’ve had a Rooster’s burger. Pair it with their seasoned fries and you’re in heaven. Two Sisters Kitchen (707 N. Congress St. 601-353-1180) Lunch. Mon-Fri, Sun. PIZZA Sal & Mookie’s (565 Taylor St. 601-368-1919) Pizzas of all kinds plus pasta, eggplant Parmesan, fried ravioli & ice cream for the kids! Mellow Mushroom (275 Dogwood Blvd, Flowood, 601-992-7499) More than just great pizza and beer. Open Monday - Friday 11-10 and Saturday 11-11. ITALIAN BRAVO! (4500 Interstate 55 N., Jackson, 601-982-8111) Award-winning wine list, Jackson’s see-and-be-seen casual/upscale dining. Fratesi’s (910 Lake Harbour, Ridgeland, 601-956-2929) Fratesi’s has been a staple in Jackson for years, offering great Italian favorites with loving care. The tiramisu is a must-have! La Finestra (120 N Congress St #3, Jackson, 601-345-8735) Chef Tom Ramsey’s downtown Jackson hot-spot offers authentic Italian cuisine in cozy, inviting environment. STEAK, SEAFOOD & FINE DINING The Islander Seafood and Oyster House (1220 E Northside Drive, Suite 100, 601-366-5441) Oyster bar, seafood, gumbo, po’boys, crawfish and plenty of Gulf Coast delights in a laid-back Buffet-style atmosphere. The Manship Wood Fired Kitchen (1200 North State St. #100 601-398-4562) Transforms the essence of Mediterranean food and southern classics. The Penguin (1100 John R Lynch Street, 769-251-5222) Fine dining at its best. Rocky’s (1046 Warrington Road, Vicksburg 601-634-0100) Enjoy choice steaks, fresh seafood, great salads, hearty sandwiches. Sal and Phil’s Seafood (6600 Old Canton Rd, Ridgeland 601-957-1188) Great Seafood, Poboys, Lunch Specials, Boiled Seafood, Full Bar, Happy Hour Specials Saltine Oyster Bar (622 Duling Avenue 601-982-2899) Creative seafood classics. One of Jackson’s Best New Restaurants. MEDITERRANEAN/GREEK Aladdin Mediterranean Grill (730 Lakeland Drive 601-366-6033) Delicious authentic dishes including lamb dishes, hummus, falafel, kababs, shwarma. Vasilios Greek Cusine (828 Hwy 51, Madison 601-853-0028) Authentic greek cuisine since 1994, specializing in gyros, greek salads, baklava cheesecake & fresh daily seafood. Zeek’s House of Gyros (132 Lakeland Heights Suite P, Flowood 601.992.9498) Jackson’s Newest Greek Restaurant, offering authentic gyros, hummus, and wide selection of craft beers. BARBEQUE Chimneyville (970 High St, Jackson 601-354-4665 www.chimneyville.com) Family style barbeque restaurant and catering service in the heart of downtown Jackson. Hickory Pit Barbecue (1491 Canton Mart Rd. 601-956-7079) The “Best Butts in Town” features BBQ chicken, beef and pork along with burgers and po’boys. Pig and Pint (3139 N State St, Jackson, 601-326-6070) Serving up competition style barbecue along with one of the of best beer selections in metro. COFFEE HOUSES Cups Espresso Café (Multiple Locations, www.cupsespressocafe.com) Jackson’s local group of coffeehouses offer a wide variety of espresso drinks. Wi-fi. BARS, PUBS & BURGERS Bonny Blair’s (1149 Old Fannin Rd 769-251-0692) Traditional Irish pub food and live entertainment. Open 11am daily. Burgers and Blues (1060 E. County Line Rd. 601-899-0038) Best Burger of 2013, plus live music and entertainment! Cherokee Inn (960 Briarfield Rd. 601-362-6388) Jackson’s “Best Hole in the Wall,” has a great jukebox, great bar and a great burger. Fenian’s Pub (901 E. Fortification St. 601-948-0055) Classic Irish pub featuring a menu of traditional food, pub sandwiches & Irish beers on tap. Hal and Mal’s (200 S. Commerce St. 601-948-0888) Pub favorites meet Gulf Coast and Cajun specialties like red beans and rice, the Oyster Platter or daily specials. Legends Grill (5352 Lakeland Dr. 601-919-1165) Your neighborhood Sports Bar and Grill. Martin’s Restaurant and Lounge (214 South State Street 601-354-9712) Lunch specials, pub appetizers or order from the full menu of po-boys and entrees. Full bar, beer selection. Ole Tavern on George Street (416 George St. 601-960-2700) Pub food with a southern flair: beer-battered onion rings, chicken & sausage gumbo, salads, sandwiches. One Block East ( 642 Tombigbee St. 601-944-0203) Burger joint and dive bar located in downtown Jackson. Great music, tasty beverages and Bad Ass Burgers is what we do. Underground 119 (119 South President St. 601-352-2322) Pan-seared crabcakes, shrimp and grits, filet mignon, vegetarian sliders. Live music. Opens 4 p.m., Wed-Sat ASIAN AND INDIAN Fusion Japanese and Thai Cuisine (1002 Treetops Blvd, Flowood 601-664-7588/1030-A Hwy 51, Madison 601-790-7999) Specializing in fresh Japanese and Thai cuisine, an extensive menu features everything from curries to fresh sushi. Ichiban Chinese (359 Ridge Way - Dogwood Promenade, Flowood 601-919-8879) Asian food with subtle and surprising flavors from all across the Far East! Surin of Thailand (3000 Old Canton Road, Suite 105, Jackson 601-981-3205) Jackson’s Newest Authentic Thai & Sushi Bar with 26 signature martini’s and extensive wine list. VEGETARIAN High Noon Café (2807 Old Canton Road in Rainbow Plaza 601-366-1513) Jackson’s own strict vegetarian (and very-vegan-friendly) restaurant adjacent to Rainbow Whole Foods.

The King of Mississippi Seafood by Jordan K. Morrow

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he aroma of shrimp and spices wafts through the crowd of food lovers, creating a rowdy murmur and the occasional sizzle at the Louisiana Restaurant Association’s Foodservice & Hospitality EXPO at New Orleans’ Morial Convention Center Aug. 8-10. Jazz plays loudly over the sound system as boisterous announcers intermittently make updates

the cookoff, Derek Emerson of Walker’s Drive-In, Thames began with some simple ingredients—fish, shrimp and oysters—and transformed them into the final product: dehydrated shrimp shell-crusted red snapper, saffron rice grits, oyster foam, a seabean salad, red snapper cracklings, and a side of injected raw Gulf oyster with a mignonette tapenade. In the end, Alaska’s Beau Schooler JORDAN K. MORROW

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LIFE&STYLE | food

For the 2015 Great American Seafood Cookoff, chef Ty Thames made a dish with dehydrated shrimp shell-crusted red snapper, saffron rice grits, oyster foam, a seabean salad, red snapper cracklings, and a side of injected raw Gulf oyster with mignonette tapenade.

about the main attraction: the Great American Seafood Cookoff, Saturday, Aug. 8. Each year, states across the nation host their own seafood cookoffs, and the winners from each state travel to Louisiana and show the spectators and judges at the event what they can bring to the table, prepping, cooking and plating their dishes within an hour. Before arriving at GASCO, Ty Thames first had to compete against the likes of Parlor Market’s Matthew Kajdan and Hal & Mal’s Ryan Bell, among others, for the title of the King of Mississippi Seafood. The cookoff, which the Louisiana Seafood Promotion and Marketing Board started in 2004, has had several notable winners over the last few years, including Mississippi’s own John Currence in 2008 and David Crews in 2013. Thames hoped to be Mississippi’s third winner. At this year’s event, Thames draws the third slot and at 12:30 p.m., and approaches his makeshift kitchen, which is positioned between New Jersey’s Bryan Gregg and South Carolina’s Ron Andrews. Emcee Cory Bahr counts down from five to signal the chefs begin. Thames starts cooking and finishes plating his food 10 minutes before time is called, to Bahr’s surprise. “(Thames) is serious about what he does, and you can tell he is serious about this competition,” Bahr says to the crowd. Along with Thames’ assistant for

beat out Thames and the other chefs and won this year’s cookoff. GASCO emphasizes seafood sustainability and oceanic conservation, donating large contributions to projects that aim to educate people about preserving the ocean. “I really enjoy hunting, but I believe in respecting the land, eating what you kill. I also recognize the problem with what we do to the ocean, I believe every chef has a civic responsibility to be aware of overfishing and the ways we impact natural resources,” Thames told the Jackson Free Press. He began working in kitchens at the age of 15 and attended the University of Southern Mississippi, where he earned a bachelor’s degree in hospitality management in 1998. He then moved to Vermont to pursue culinary arts at the New England Culinary Institute and from there, apprenticed in Italy at Maria Luigia in Parma. After that, he moved back to the states, working at the Ritz Carlton in Washington D.C., before moving to Bethesda, Md., cooking at Italian restaurant Centro. Thames moved back to Mississippi to open BIN 612 in Starkville with his business partner Brian Kelley, in 2005. The pair now own BIN 612, The Guest Room and Restaurant Tyler. For more information, visit eatlocal starkville.com. For more food coverage, visit jfp.ms/food.

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CARA’s Dog Days of Summer Aug. 29, 10 a.m.-3 p.m., at Pelahatchie Shore Park (North Shore Parkway and Pelahatchie Shore Drive, Brandon). The eighth annual fundraiser for Community Animal Rescue and Adoption (CARA) includes a pet parade and contest, music from Steve Deaton, a silent auction, a children’s carnival, a petting zoo, food and more. Leashed pets welcome. Free admission with a donation of a bag of dog food, $5 carnival; call 601-842-4404; email denise.cantrell@thinkvss.com; carams.org.

AIA Mississippi Movie Night Aug. 27, 6:30 p.m., at Mississippi Museum of Art (380 S. Lamar St.). In the Art Garden. The American Institute of Architects is the host. Enjoy watching a film on the BankPlus Green. Lawn chairs and blankets welcome. Includes a cash bar and concessions. Free; call 601-360-0082; msmuseumart.org.

#/--5.)49 Jackson Professional Group’s #InvestInJXN Three-Part Series Aug. 27, 5:30-7:30 p.m., at Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center (528 Bloom St.). The City of Jackson’s Economic Development Director Jason Goree talks about economic development in the city, and Reginald Thompson of Thompson Wealth Builders talks about personal finance, investing and retirement. Free entry with business card; call 960-1457; email jacksonprofessionalgroup@gmail.com. Mystique: A Captivating Collection of Fashion on the Catwalk Aug. 29, 8 p.m., at Jackson Convention Complex (105 E. Pascagoula St.). E. Willander Wells presents his new line of haute couture evening gowns and cocktail dresses. Doors open at 7 p.m. $35; call 601-212-2340; email well1122@bellsouth.net; follow E. Willander Wells on Facebook. History Is Lunch Sept. 2, noon, at William F. Winter Archives and History Building (200 North St.). Mabel Pittman presents “Central United Methodist Church in Jackson: Its First Hundred Years.” Free; call 601-576-6998. Celebrating 50 Years of Progress: Desegregation of the University of Southern Mississippi Sept. 2-3, 3-6 p.m., Sept. 4, 7 p.m., Sept. 5, 9 p.m., Sept. 6, 2:30 p.m., at University of Southern Mississippi (118 College Drive, Hattiesburg). Includes panel discussions and observations. Sept. 4 at 7 p.m. in Bennett Auditorium. The keynote speaker is journalist Soledad O’Brien. Free; call 601-266-5013; email alumni@usm.edu; usm.edu.

&//$ $2).+ Kick-Off Wine and Spirits Tasting Aug. 28, 3-7 p.m., at McDade’s Wine & Spirits (Maywood Mart, 1220 E. Northside Drive). Sample wines, such as Black Box Chardonnay and Pinot Evil Pinot Noir, and spirits, such as Basil Hayden’s Bourbon. Ages 21 and up. Free; call 601-3665676; mcdadeswineandspirits.com.

30/243 7%,,.%33 Running with the Ryanman Aug. 27, 6:30 p.m., at StinkyFeet Athletics (153 Ridgeway Drive, Suite C, Flowood). Meet the race directors for the Ryanman 70.3 Triathlon, learn about the event and sign up for the race. A short run follows at 7 p.m. Free; call 601-992-1439; email ben@stinkyfeetathletics.com. Salute to Our Heroes Celebrity Golf Classic Aug. 28, 1 p.m., at Whisper Lake Country Club (414 Annandale Parkway, Madison). The format is a four-person scramble plus one sports celebrity per team. the event is a fundraiser for the Brain Injury Association of Mississippi. Registration required. $150 individuals, $500 teams, sponsorships available; call 601-981-1021; msbraininjury.org.

Fondren Theatre Workshop’s Auditions for “The Rocky Horror Show” Aug. 30, 4-6 p.m., Aug. 31, 6:30-8:30 p.m., at Alamo Theater (333 N. Farish St.). Open to ages 18 and up. Performance dates are October 15-18, 2015. Free; call 601-301-2281; fondrentheatreworkshop.org. Fondren Comedy Featuring Dave Stone Sept. 2, 8 p.m., at Duling Hall (622 Duling Ave.). $10 in advance, $15 at the door; call 601-292-7121; email arden@ardenland.net; ardenland.net.

THURSDAY

HOWARD JONES JAZZ 6:30 PM

Thursday, August 27

STEVIE CAIN 5:30 PM

LISA MILLS 7:30 PM

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Friday, August 28

Free the Local Music Aug. 26, 8 p.m., at Martin’s Restaurant & Bar (214 S. State St.). Osid Riley is the host. The fourth entry in the free concert series features performances from Silent G, Dogs Without Horses, Vibe Doctors and Young Valley. No cover; call 601-354-9712; email ryboltproductions@comcast.net; martinslounge.net.

BOBCATS

Back to School Jam Aug. 29, 5 p.m., at Martin’s Restaurant & Bar (214 S. State St.). On Commerce Street. The Werks, George Porter Jr. and Backup Planet perform. For ages 18 and up. $20; call 601-354-9712.

,)4%2!29 3)'.).'3 Events at Lemuria Books (Banner Hall, 4465 Interstate 55 N., Suite 202) Uʺ Ê7>ÃÊ Ê,iÛ ÕÌ >ÀÞ»ÊAug. 26, 5 p.m. Andrew Malan Milward signs books. $24.99 book; call 601-366-7619; email info@lemuriabooks.com; lemuriabooks.com. Uʺ ÃÊ } ÌÊ > û Aug. 27, 5 p.m. Jenny Milchman signs books. $26 book; call 601366-7619; email info@lemuriabooks.com; lemuriabooks.com.

%8()")4 /0%.).'3 Opening of JSU Annual Faculty Exhibit Sept. 1, 10 a.m.-5 p.m., at Arts Center of Mississippi (201 E. Pascagoula St.). See various works of art from Jackson State University educators. Show hangs through Sept. 25. Free; call 601-979-2040 or 601-960-1557, ext. 224.

"% 4(% #(!.'% Gospel Explosion Aug. 29, 10 a.m., at Poindexter Park (200 Poindexter St.). Includes live music, discussions on community issues and a donation drive for the homeless. Free, donations welcome; call 601-918-4350; email mr.macyb@gmail.com or mac@msmove.org. Schoolhouse Rights Rock Aug. 29, 1-8:30 p.m., at Mississippi Museum of Art (380 S. Lamar St.). The event for middle and high school students, parents and advocates includes workshops to teach young people about their rights, food and entertainment. Registration required. Free; call 601354-3408; email office@aclu-ms.org; aclu-ms.org. Check jfpevents.com for updates and more listings, or to add your own events online. You can also email event details to events@jacksonfreepress.com to be added to the calendar. The deadline is noon the Wednesday prior to the week of publication.

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Wednesday, August 26

9 PM

Saturday, August 29

JOE CARROLL BAND 9 PM

Tuesday, September 1

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8/29

BACK TO SCHOOL

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8/31

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UPCOMING SHOWS 9/4 - Higher Learning 9/5 - Southern Komfort 9/11 - Jelly Roll 9/18 - Underhill Family Orchestra w/ Holy Ghost Electric Show 9/19 - Lucidea w/ Audionauts 9/ 26 - Rooster Blues 10/2 - Cedric Burnside Project 10/3 - Wrangler Space (Widespread Panic Tribute) 10/10 - Archnemesis 10/16 - Pigeons Playing Ping Pong 10/17 - Pimps of Joytime 10/23 - Futurebirds w/ Young Valley 10/24 - Col. Bruce Hampton

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27

WEDNESDAY 8/26

THURSDAY 8/27

SATURDAY 8/29

History Is Lunch is at the Old Capitol Museum.

Running with the Ryanman is at StinkyFeet Athletics in Flowood.

Mystique: A Captivating Collection of Fashion on the Catwalk is at the Jackson Convention Center.

BEST BETS AUG. 26 SEPT. 2, 2015

Free the Local Music is at 8 p.m. at Martin’s Restaurant & Bar (214 S. State St.). Osid Riley is the host. The fourth entry in the free concert series features performances from local musicians Silent G, Dogs Without Horses, Vibe Doctors and Young Valley. No cover; call 601-354-9712; email ryboltproductions@comcast.net; martinslounge.net.

IMANI KHAYYAM

WEDNESDAY 8/26

Jason Goree, economic-development director for the City of Jackson, speaks at Jackson Professional Group’s #InvestInJXN Three-Part Series on Thursday, Aug. 27, at the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center.

THURSDAY 8/27

COURTESY VIBE DOCTORS

Author Jenny Milchman signs copies of her book, “As Night Falls,” at 5 p.m. at Lemuria Books (Banner Hall, 4465 Interstate 55 N., Suite 202). Reading at 5:30 p.m. $26 book; call 601-366-7619; email info@lemuriabooks. com; lemuriabooks.com. … Jackson Professional Group’s #InvestInJXN Three-Part Series is 5:30 to 7:30 p.m. at the Smith Robertson Museum and Cultural Center (528 Bloom St.). The City of Jackson’s Economic Development Director Jason Goree talks about economic development in the city, and Reginald Thompson of Thompson Wealth Builders talks about personal finance, investing and retirement. Free entry with business card; call 960-1457; email jacksonprofessionalgroup@gmail.com.

Pinot Noir, and spirits, such as Basil Hayden’s Bourbon and Crown Hand-Selected Barrel, in celebration of the football season. Ages 21 and up. Free; call 601-366-5676; mcdadeswineandspirits.com.

SATURDAY 8/29

CARA’s Dog Days of Summer is 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. at Pelahatchie Shore Park (North Shore Parkway and Pelahatchie Shore Drive, Brandon). The eighth annual fundraiser for Community Animal Rescue and Adoption (CARA) includes a pet parade and contest, music from Steve Deaton, a silent auction, a children’s carnival, a petting zoo, food and more. Leashed pets welcome. Free admission with a donation of a bag of dog food, $5 carniBY MICAH SMITH val; call 601-842-4404; email denise.cantrell@thinkvss.com; carams.org. … Gospel ExploJACKSONFREEPRESS.COM sion is at 10 a.m. at PoindexFAX: 601-510-9019 ter Park (200 Poindexter St.). DAILY UPDATES AT MS M.O.V.E., the Mu Sigma JFPEVENTS.COM Chapter of Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity and other organization host the event. Includes live music, discussions on community issues and a donation drive for the homeless. Free, donations welcome; call 601-918-4350; email mr.macyb@ gmail.com or mac@msmove.org. … Schoolhouse Rights Rock is 1 to 8:30 p.m. at the Mississippi Museum of Art (380 S. Lamar St.). The back-to-school event for middle and high school students, their parents and advocates includes workshops designed to teach young people about their rights, music, food and entertainment. Registration required. Space limited. Free admission; call 601-3543408; email office@aclu-ms.org; aclu-ms.org.

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(Left to right) Jason Mathena, Lucas Pettey and Owen Rockwell of Vibe Doctors perform Wednesday, Aug. 26, at Martin’s Restaurant & Bar.

FRIDAY 8/28

The Kick-Off Wine and Spirits Tasting is 3 to 7 p.m. at McDade’s Wine & Spirits (Maywood Mart, 1220 E. Northside Drive). This event includes samples 28 of wines, such as Black Box Chardonnay and Pinot Evil

SUNDAY 8/30

Fondren Theatre Workshop’s “The Rocky Horror Picture Show” auditions are 4 to 6 p.m. at the Alamo Theater (333 N. Farish St.). Auditions for the production are open for ages 18 and up. Performance dates are October 15-18, 2015. Additional audition date: Aug. 31, 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. Free; call 601-301-2281; fondrentheatreworkshop.org.

MONDAY 8/31

Get Your Money Right: The Business Side of Owning a Startup is 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. at The Hive (Dickies Building, 736 S. President St.). The Jackson Area Web & App Developers Group is the host. The speaker is Russ Davis, founder and CEO of School Status. Includes refreshments and giveaways. Free; call 601-812-8166; meetup.com.

TUESDAY 9/1

The Opening of JSU Annual Faculty is 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. at the Arts Center of Mississippi (201 E. Pascagoula St.). See various works of art from Jackson State University educators. Show hangs through Sept. 25. Free; call 601979-2040 or 601-960-1557, ext. 224.

WEDNESDAY 9/2

History Is Lunch is at noon at the William F. Winter Archives and History Building (200 North St.). Mabel Pittman presents “Central United Methodist Church in Jackson: Its First Hundred Years.” Free; call 601-576-6998. … Fondren Comedy Featuring Dave Stone is at 8 p.m. at Duling Hall (622 Duling Ave.). $10 in advance, $15 at the door; call 601-292-7121; email arden@ardenland.net; ardenland.net.

Kwame Braxton: The Art in Hip-Hop by Danie Matthews

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ackson hip-hop artist Kwame Braxton’s song “Carbon Copy Man� plays on a person’s egotistical nature—that line between who you already are and who you are trying to be. It seems fitting that his first time performing the song for an audience became a seminal moment in his career. “I was rapping to a mixed crowd,� he says. “I could actually hear people’s respons-

Jackson hip-hop artist Kwame Braxton celebrates the release of his EP “Category 6ix� and his comic “God of Kings� Friday, Aug. 28, at Offbeat.

es to my performance. That’s when I said to myself that this music is actually going to affect people.� “Carbon Copy Man� is one of six songs featured on Braxton’s latest EP, “Category 6ix,� which hits digital retailer Spinrilla on Friday, Aug. 28. Raised in west Jackson, Braxton recalls always feeling different in school, an element that eventually carried over into his musical pursuits. “I grew up in an Afro-centric home,� he says. “I used to draw a lot, but I didn’t really get into lyricism until I was in the sixth grade. I was never really one of the rappers who rapped about what people refer to as ‘thug’ stuff.� His socially conscious writing style and southern feel shouldn’t be a surprise to listeners, given his creative inspirations, which include hip-hop legends Biggie Smalls, KRS-One and his favorite lyricists of all time, Rakim. “Rakim was one of the coldest emcees ever,� Braxton says. “He was teaching people how to do math and rap at the same

time. Once I learned you could do that, that’s when I decided to really pursue rap.â€? Braxton performed in front of a crowd for the first time in the eighth grade when he participated in a cypher—a group setting for freestyle rapping. It went awful, he says, but that only encouraged him to start practicing, jumping into any cypher he saw. In order to become more confident in his abilities, he also began studying the art of hip-hop. Braxton says reading was one of the key elements that changed his life and helped him realize what hip-hop music truly meant for him. “The first book I ever read and finished was ‘From the Browder Files: 22 Essays on the African American Experience’ by Anthony T. Browder,â€? he says. “I recommend that book to everyone. I saw how I could apply this information to so many aspects of my life. It really opened up my mind.â€? In 2008, Braxton worked with local producer Hotep Slosteps and singer Rakhua to record his first track, “God Has a Vision,â€? which he says, in retrospect, provided a look at his awakening throughout his musical journey. For the latest step in that journey, “Category 6ix,â€? he decided to combine his creative musical process with his love for drawing. Starting in 2012, Braxton began writing and illustrating an ongoing comic-book series called “God of Kingsâ€? as a companion to his music. Fans can pick up a copy of the first volume on the same day as the EP. “Drawing was the first talent I realized I actually had,â€? he says. “At the end of the day, if I wasn’t a rapper, I would do comics. That’s my art and my expression. The album will reference the comic book a lot. They are sort of like timelines. ‌ This is going to wake people up, one way or another. If the music doesn’t do it, the comic book will.â€? Braxton plans to work with more local talent in the near future, including producer Solace. He also hopes to one day be able to collaborate with big names such as 9th Wonder, Drake and Iron Mic Coalition. Kwame Braxton’s comic and “Category 6ixâ€? EP release party is 8 p.m., Friday, Aug. 28, at Offbeat (151 Wesley Ave., 601-3769404). For more information, find Kwame Braxton on Facebook and Soundcloud or visit kwamebraxton.wix.com.

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SLATE

by Bryan Flynn

This time next week, The Slate will feature the first week of college football. The University of Mississippi Rebels are currently ranked in the top 25 on the AP and USA Today Coaches Polls. THURSDAY, AUG 27 College football (8-9 p.m., ESPNU): Get ready for the 2015 SEC football season with the hourlong ESPN the Magazine College Football Preview Special.

Bryan’s Wild Predictions 2015

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ach year around this time, I take a look in my cloudy crystal ball and make some predictions about the upcoming college-football season. Some years, I’m in the ballpark, and some years, I’m not even on the same planet. Last year, my fortune-telling was pretty spot on. I said the University of Mississippi would be a playoff team. The Rebels came incredibly close to that mark, but Bo Wallace’s bad throw against Louisiana State University and a very unlucky night for Laquon Treadwell against Au-

the quarterback situation. If the Rebels can get that right, then head coach Hugh Freeze has recruited well to match all his returning talent. Just about every team in the SEC West will improve or be just as strong as the year before, but the Rebels are still sitting in Oxford with a bare cupboard. Things will have to go their way, but that isn’t impossible. There is a first time for everything, and I predict that this year will be the first time for the Rebels to make their way to Atlanta in December. JOSHUA MCCOY, UM ATHLETICS

FRIDAY, AUG 28 NFL (7-10 p.m., CBS): Former Mississippi State University cornerback Darius Slay and the Detroit Lions take on the forever rebuilding Jacksonville Jaguars in the preseason. SATURDAY, AUG 29 NFL (7-10 p.m. CBS): Former MSU linebacker KJ Wright stars for the Seattle Seahawks as they take on former Southern Miss linebacker Cordarro Law and the San Diego Chargers. SUNDAY, AUG 30 NFL (3-6 p.m., Fox): See if the New Orleans Saints can hold a late lead for once this preseason as they host the Houston Texans. MONDAY, AUG 31 Baseball (7-10 p.m., 103.9 FM): See the second to last home game of the 2015 season for the Mississippi Braves as they battle for a playoff spot against the Biloxi Shuckers. TUESDAY, SEPT 1 Baseball (7-10 p.m., 103.9 FM): Watch the final home game of the 2015 season for the M-Braves as they battle first-half champions the Biloxi Shuckers. WEDNESDAY, SEPT 2 College football (11:30 p.m., SECN): Watch the MSU Bulldogs season preview to get you ready for both teams’ Saturday kickoff. Fun fact: The first intercollegiate football game was on Nov. 6, 1869, between Rutgers University and Princeton University. Rutgers won the game 6-4, which became a pivotal moment in the history of American football. Follow Bryan Flynn at jfpsports.com, @jfpsports and at facebook.com/jfpsports.

For the University of Mississippi to represent the SEC West in the conference title game, things have to go their way this season, which isn’t impossible.

burn University ended any playoff hopes. My next prediction was that Alcorn State University would win the SWAC championship. The Braves proved me right and took the title. Lastly, I said Delta State University and Millsaps College would make the playoffs. I was right about the Statesmen but wrong about the Majors. So let’s see how clear things are this season. Or was last season a miracle of guesswork? The Rebels will represent the SEC West in the conference title game. It’s bound to happen one year. Excluding Texas A&M University, who joined the SEC in 2011, every SEC West team has played in the championship game at some point. That includes Mississippi State University, I’m sure to the chagrin of UM fans. The Rebels shared the SEC West title in 2003 with LSU, but the Tigers went on to the SEC title game and the national championship. The Rebels are still looking for their own trip to Atlanta. The major question facing UM is

The Alcorn State Braves will be SWAC champs again. You have to believe that the odds favor Alcorn State this season because quarterback John Gibbs Jr. is returning for the Braves. The star athlete did just about everything for last year’s conference-winning ASU team except fill the water bottles before each game. The core of this team is returning for the 2015 campaign, and Gibbs is leading the way. If Alcorn State can repeat last year, it will be the first team in more than a decade to repeat as champs. No team has managed repeat championship wins in the SWAC since Grambling State University’s back-to-back-toback victories in the early 2000s. Even reaching the conference championship game is a difficult task, but some teams have managed to do it several times, including Southern University, who has made an appearance in the last two years. Alcorn State will have its main rival pushing against it this season in Jackson State University. The tigers will be hot on the Braves’ heels, ready to take their spot in the title game if ASU slips up.

The University of Southern Mississippi will make it to a bowl game or at least score six wins this season. College football hasn’t seen a team fall as fast and as far as Southern Miss in some time. The Golden Eagles went from conference champions to entirely winless from one season to the next. The last few years have been a complete fall from grace for one of the most stable programs at the mid-major level of college football. However, there were signs of life in Hattiesburg before injuries hurt the second half of last season. Year three of the Todd Monken era will be defining whichever way it goes. Either Southern Miss will build on last year’s three wins, or Monken will be on the hot seat or looking for a new job. I’m a glass-half-full kind of guy. I think USM is closer to a revival than people think. It has a tough schedule and little room for error, but the team has a shot at six wins. Delta State plays for the title. The Statesmen won nine games last season and reached the Division II playoffs. They have plenty of talent back on the roster. A friendly schedule will be Delta State’s best friend this season. DSU plays seven home games and also plays Mississippi College to stay in state for one of the team’s four road games. DSU also has returning quarterback Tyler Sullivan, who put up great numbers last year. He should be even better for the Statesmen this season. Last year, this team was one and done in the playoffs after losing to the University of West Georgia for the second time in the same season. That means this team has something to prove. If the Statesmen can get that first playoff win, I think they will make a run, which could put them in the title game. Do they win? Who knows. It’s a wild prediction just figuring that they will get to the title game.

30/243 &!#4 /& 4(% 7%%+ Author Douglas Adams’ “The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy” features a game called Brockian Ultra-Cricket that involves suddenly hitting people for no reason and then apologizing at a safe distance.

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Change of Service fee will apply if you cancel the Protection Plan during the first 6 months. DIGITAL HOME ADVANTAGE: EQUIPMENT: All equipment remains the property of DISH at all times and must be returned to DISH within thirty days of account deactivation or you will be charged an unreturned equipment fee ranging from $100 to $400 per receiver. Lease Upgrade fees are not deposits and are non-refundable. Maximum of 6 leased receivers (supporting up to 6 total TVs) per account. You will be charged a monthly equipment rental fee for each receiver beyond the first, based on model of receiver. WHOLE-HOME HD DVR: Monthly fees: Hopper, $12; Joey, $7, Super Joey, $10; second Hopper, $12. First Hopper HD DVR receiver and up to 3 Joey receivers available for a one-time $199 Upgrade fee. $199 Upgrade fee waived at time of service activation with subscription to America’s Top 120 and above or DishLATINO Plus and above. A second Hopper HD DVR receiver is available for a one-time Upgrade fee: $49 for a Hopper, $99 for a Hopper with Sling. With a second Hopper HD DVR receiver, one additional Joey receiver is available for a one-time $99 Upgrade fee. Hopper and Joey receivers cannot be combined with any other receiver models or types. PrimeTime Anytime and AutoHop features must be enabled by customer and are subject to availability. With PrimeTime Anytime record ABC, CBS, FOX and NBC plus two channels. With addition of Super Joey record two additional channels. AutoHop feature is available at varying times, starting the day after airing, for select primetime shows on ABC, CBS, FOX and NBC recorded with PrimeTime Anytime. Recording capacity varies; 2000 hours based on SD programming. Equipment comparison based on equipment available from major TV providers as of 12/01/14. Watching live and recorded TV anywhere requires an Internet-connected, Sling-enabled DVR and compatible mobile device. On Demand availability varies based on your programming subscription. Requires Android OS 4.0 or higher to watch on an Android device and iOS 7.0 or higher to watch on iPhone or iPad. Select DVR recordings cannot be transferred. ALL OTHER RECEIVER MODELS: Lease Upgrade fee(s) will apply for select receivers, based on model and number of receivers. Monthly DVR and receiver fees may apply. Digital Home Advantage offer is available from DISH and participating retailers for new and qualified former DISH residential customers in the continental United States. You must provide your Social Security Number and a valid major credit card. Participating retailers may require additional terms and conditions. The first month of DISH service must be paid at time of activation. Number of channels may decline. Local and state sales taxes and state reimbursement charges may apply. Where applicable, monthly equipment rental fees and programming are taxed separately. Standard Professional Installation includes typical installation of one single-dish antenna configuration, typical hook-up of an eligible receiver configuration and equipment testing. More complex installations may require additional fees; other installation restrictions apply. Prices valid at time of activation only; additional fees will apply to upgrade after installation. Any unreturned equipment fees will automatically be charged to your DISH account or credit or debit card provided to DISH. DISH shall determine eligibility for this offer in its sole and absolute discretion. Programming and other services provided are subject to the terms and conditions of the Digital Home Advantage Customer Agreement and Residential Customer Agreement, available at www.dish.com or upon request. Blackout and other restrictions apply to sports programming. All service marks and trademarks belong to their respective owners. Š2015 DISH Network L.L.C. All rights reserved. HBOÂŽ, CinemaxÂŽ and related channels and service marks are the property of Home Box Office, Inc. HBO On DemandÂŽ and Cinemax On DemandÂŽ require compatible HD DVR receiver model. HBO GOÂŽ and MAX GOÂŽ are only accessible in the US and certain US territories where a high-speed connection is available. Minimum connection of 3 Mbps required for HD viewing on laptop. Minimum 3G connection is required for viewing on mobile devices. Some restrictions may apply. SHOWTIME and related marks are registered trademarks of Showtime Networks Inc., a CBS Company. STARZ and related channels and service marks are property of Starz Entertainment, LLC. ESPN GamePlan, NHL Center Ice, NBA League Pass, ESPN Full Court and MLS Direct Kick automatically continue at a special renewal rate each year provided DISH carries this service, unless you call to cancel prior to the start of the season. ESPN GamePlan, NHL Center Ice, NBA League Pass, ESPN Full Court and MLS Direct Kick are nonrefundable, nonproratable and nontransferable once the season begins. NHL, the NHL Shield and Center Ice name and logo are registered trademarks and The Game Lives Where You Do is a trademark of the National Hockey League. NHL and NHL team marks are the property of the NHL and its teams. Š NHL 2015. All Rights Reserved. NBA, the NBA logo and team identifications are the exclusive property of NBA Properties, Inc. Š 2015. All rights reserved. Š 2015 NFL Enterprises LLC. NFL and the NFL Shield design are registered trademarks of the National Football League. MLS Direct Kick is a trademark of MLS. Sling is a registered trademark of Sling Media, Inc. All new customers are subject to a one-time processing fee.

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