The Virtuous Writing Checklist

Page 1

!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

The ‘Virtuous Writing’ Checklist – Simple yet powerful ideas for improving writers of every kind… 78/0(9%+-$&*(6(P&%0&%28M8

!"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

!

"##$%&'()

*+%(,-.(,/"%'%&.001,.,2+#230%($,.0/&',$+#,0%&#(,/4,D.*=8A"*(Q#8*01"*5(, 0%($,/4,13 Virtues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koukouvaya.( O&P/1Q

!"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

THE META ?#*%(0:-+,%'$%-(#,*-$1.$*0#$/&+*+)7$@$/&+*+)7$%31;*$*0#$/&+*+)78$#-1*#&+,,$ %&*+-*+,$%)<$;);-;%'$,1)-+<#&%*+1)-A

H9TNKRTNH(E9U(!"#()OIK(E9U($%<,N,'//8,-"%$#",%(, 8#G&#8,<1,-+.$,.,'//8,-"%$#",<1#-?,!//8,-"%$%&'Q

R"%$#(,4#."0#((016,#8%$(,2.;$%/;(01? VNKH(QNNWDI,P(IGW(RTXYNTNGKH(RK<,S(#(,/-&, #E:#"%#&2#6,"#.8#",.&8,#8%$/"%.0,4##8<.23,$/,2/&$%&;.001,#9.0;.$#,.&8, %>:"/9#,+%(,/",+#",/-&,-"%$%&',:"/2#((?,TJ%&8.,-+.$,*0+-,8/2;>#&$,%(, .</;$QU? >B0#&#$+-$)1$.%+';&#C$D)':$.##<3%,EC>,Z,[&@.#$(I11.* TNHHIVN<,*+#,-"%$#",%(,$+#,>#((#&'#"L,.&8,2/&&#2$(,+%(C+#", .;8%#&2#,$/,+%(,>#((.'#? W9NH(G9K([NYE(K99(ONI!RYE(9G(9UKHRWN( RGHXR[IKR9G(IGW(K[IGHRNGK(TUHNH<( • 7$,(/;&8(,$"%$#6,<;$,%&,$#">(,/4,2"#.$%&',$+%&'(),\$-.(8*'>.#(1".'( !"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

• • •

>"$-"*]?, *+#,-"%$#","#2/'&%(#(C.9/%8(,2+#>%2.0,8#:#&8#&2%#(6,2";$2+#(,.&8, $+#,&'('))'*+,-),/4,$+#,/;$(%8#,-/"08,.(,.,>#.&(,$/,A"#.0%(#C#&.<0#@, $+#%",2"#.$%9%$1?, *+#1,2.&,.&8,8/,\+&("*'"^.],$+#>(#09#(,4/",%&(:%".$%/&?, V/(,$+#,2"#.$%9%$1,+.(,<##&,-.%$%&',$+#"#,.00,.0/&',! TW.23@(,9%2#L,/&_..U

)I[[R9[6XNI,NTIPN[<,S&8#"($.&8(,$+#,:.".8/EL,$+.$,$+#, <;(%&#((,2.&,<#,2/>:#$%$%9#,.&8,$+.$,1/;,+.9#,$/,G'+$,$/,#($.<0%(+, 1/;"(#04,.&8,($.3#,1/;",20.%>?,X;$,%'-1,$+.$,<1,A>.3%&',:%#2#@,.&8, -/"3%&',-%$+,Y,+#0:%&',:#/:0#6,-#,2.&,%'',(;22##8,/&,/;",/-&,$#">(?, =)-#&*$%$*#%4/1&E$,'+,0F$0#&#C, HK9[EKNYYRGV<,O9#"1$+%&',%(,($/"1$#00%&',.&8,&."".$%9#?,F;>.&(, 0/9#,($/"%#(?,*#00,'//8,($/"%#(? !=$'12#$*#%4/1&EC$=$'12#$*0#$+<#%$1.$#2#&:1)#$&%'':+)7$*17#*0#&$*1$0#'($4#$/+)C5$, Z(78#&^(P"*` WNKI,ONW(Q[9T(NV9a(ENK(IHHN[KR!N<,V.&,#><".2#,.&8, #E:"#((,$+#,:.".8/E,/4,)1*,.00/-%&',+%(C+#",/:%&%/&,$/,'#$,%&,$+#,-.1,/4, +%(C+#",-"%$%&'6,1#$,<#%&',($"/&',#&/;'+,$/,.((#"$,+%(C+#"(#04,/&,$+#, -"%$%&',/0#)$)#,#--%&:C RGKNYYN,KUIY(OUTRYRKE(IGW,GROWTH MINDSETL, Z/((#((#(,$+#(b;.#;.$%81('$%^.*$b,C,b1.8#*.#b'(A"*^b(>%&8(#$,[,#(:#2%.001, %&,G#08(,0%3#,P/;"&.0%(>,-+#"#,>;2+,"#(#."2+,%(,"#\;%"#8?,R/"3(,$/, 2+#23,#'/,.$,$+#,8//"? )9[P(NKOR,()RKO(NGN[VE(DIYIG,N(c(,9GK[IHK<, F."8,-/"3%&'6,<;$,&/$,*11,+."8,-/"3%&'?,*+#,.<%0%$1,$/,3&/-,-+#&, #&#"'1,.&8,2"#.$%9#,%&(:%".$%/&,."#,(:#&$,4/",&/-L,$/,52.00,%$,.,8.15,/&, 2#"$.%&,-/"3?,J&/-(,-+#&,*11$4;,0$+-$*11$4;,0,.&8,-+#&,$/,\;%$?, O><".2#(,<"#.3(,%&,$+#,-/"3%&',(2+#8;0#,.&8,;&8#"($.&8(,$+#,/M/1"/( *8$%#.(&?($-."#(;.#'&*816-%A8*(.*.#+M,TbiorhythmsU?,V.&,.0(/,/M/1.C !"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

.0$#"&.$#,:"/P#2$(,%4,%8#.(,'#$,($.0#? UHNH(./#01#"2%3!4<,*+#,.<%0%$1,$/,;(#,/&#5(,;&%\;#,0%4#, #E:#"%#&2#(,.&8,:"#4#"#&2#(,.(,4;#0C%&(:%".$%/&,4/",-"%$%&' >B0#&#$%&#$4%):$*&;*0-$1.$/0+,0$*0#$.;''$4#%)+)7$,%))1*$3#$&#%'+-#<$;)*+'$ (#&-1)%'$#G(#&+#),#$0%-$3&1;70*$+*$014#C>,Z(7&-*(H$%8#$(T"11, ,[NIKR!Na(QI,RYRKIK9[(9Q([NIWN[(NdXN[RNG,NH<,V.&, -"%$#,.&8,8#(2"%<#,%&,(;2+,.,-.1,$+.$,:.%&$(,:%2$;"#(,%&,$+#,"#.8#"(,>%&8, .&8,(/;&8(,%&,+%(,%&&#",#."?,*+#,-"%$#",.%,+'+*%*#-$%)$#G(#&+#),#$.1&$*0#$ &#%<#&,*1$+)2#)*$.1&$*0#4-#'2#-C$ NTD[I,NH(ORH(QYI)H(IGW(TIdRTRHNH(ORH( HK[NGVKOH<(O><".2#(,+%(,/",+#",].-(,T.&8,:;$(,>/"#,+;>.&%$1,%&, $+#,-"%$%&'U?,^/2;(#(,/&,+%(,/",+#",$";#,."#.(,/4,($"#&'$+,.&8,$.0#&$,%&, -"%$%&'?,_;0$%:0%#(CV.:%$.0%(#(,;:/&,+%(,($"#&'$+(,-%$+,$+#,:"%&2%:0#,/4( Comparative Advantage4( TEKOR,(XIKRNG,N<,N::"#2%.$#(,$+.$,(/>#$%>#(,$+#,-/"8(,-/&5$, 2/>#?,X;8'#$(,(:.2#,4/",$+%(,/",2.&,5<";$#,4/"2#5,$+"/;'+,%$? ONYXH(N!N[ED9WE(IGW(RH(I(\G9(,IK,O](PRGWI(VUE<( B;::/"$(,/$+#",:#/:0#,;&2/&8%$%/&.001,.&8,-%$+/;$,.&1,#E:#2$.$%/&,/4, "#$;"&,T;&0#((,+#,#&P/1(,<#%&',8%(.::/%&$#8U?,N&8,"#.:(,J+.">.@(, <0#((%&'(,"#'."80#(() IRGK(V9K(G9(KRTN(Q9[(b)[RKN[bH(DY9,Pb<,74,<0/23#86,+.(, >#.&(,$/,'#$,."/;&8,%$6,(;2+,.(,>/9%&',/&$/,.&/$+#",.((%'&>#&$,/", 9."%/;(,creative problem solving techniques( XIHHR9G(9G(WNTIGW(e9[(,Y9HN(K9(RKf<,Z.((%/&,.&8, 2/>>;&%2.$%/&,/4,$+%(,:.((%/&L,F.(,:.((%/&,4/",.,'"#.$,>.&1,$+%&'(, T+),';<+)7$/&+*+)7U,.&8,2.&,#E:"#((,$+#(#,:.((%/&(,$+"/;'+,$+#,-"%$%&'6, :.((%&',/&,$+%(,:.((%/&,$/,$+#,"#.8#"?,V.&,.0(/,<#,\;%$#,2/&9%&2%&',.$, .%E+)7,:.((%/&,T%&(/4.",.(,%$,%(,:/((%<0#,$/,8/,(/U,/",#&$+;(%.(>,-+#&C !"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

-+#"#,&#2#((."1),T.8,-"%$%&'6,:#"+.:(`U >H%--+1)$+'<-$*0#$/1&'<$.1&$*0#$:1;*0C$=*$4%E#-$%''$*0+)7-$%'+2#$%)<$ -+7)+I,%)*C>$Z([81;-()81^&(NA.#'&*( NTXIKOE(6(,IG(NGKN[(KON([NIWN[]H(XN[HXN,KR!N<, V.&,"#.8,$+#,-/"3,%-$%$&#%<#&,.&8,#>:.$+%(#,-%$+,$+#,"#.8#"5(,:/(%$%/&6, #9#&,8'(-.('$8M'(^.$8/-.^ ?#&A("$g

!"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

THE STRUCTURING J-(#,*-$1.$01/$*0#$/&+*#&$-*&;,*;&#-$0+-K0#&$/&+*+)7C

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


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

.&8,:.".'".:+(?,N,0/9#,/4,$+#,.2$;.0,,&%.*,/4,-"%$%&'6,"#'."80#((,/4,$+#, (;<P#2$,>.=#"? XIHHR9G(Q9[(HK9[EKNYYRGV<,N,:.((%/&,4/",2/>>;&%2.$%&',., >#((.'#,.&8,2"#.$%&',(/>#$+%&',$+.$,"#.8#"(,."#,/&A;.11.^,$/,"#.8. UGWN[HKIGWH(IGW(NTD[I,NH(I(V9IY(c(XU[X9HN<, *+#,.<%0%$1,$/,/&+*#$1)$(;&(1-#6,-%$+,.,'/.0,%&,>%&8?,7&,2/>>#"2%.0, 2/:1-"%$%&',$+%(,>.1,>#.&,.,/811($&(8/$"&*6,-%$+,G2$%/&,-"%$%&',%$,>.1, >#.&,$#00%&',$+#,($/"1,/4,.,2+.".2$#",-#00,4/">#8,%&,/&#5(,+#.8?,J&/-(, >-M,+#,8/#(,-+.$,+#,8/#(6,.&8,8".-(,($"#&'$+,4"/>,$+#,8%"#2$%/&?,, DUK(,IG(IYH9()[RKN(9XNGYE(IGW(NdXY9[IKR!NYE<, X#2.;(#,(/>#$%>#(,%$@(,>/"#,.,:"/2#((,/4,#E:0/".$%/&?,TOE.>:0#L,?#..( >#"$"*+`U,X#2.;(#,.(,K&10".*,(.%8,!M1*$%''$/01$/%)<#&$%&#$'1-*A5 )[RKNH()RKO(GI[[IKR!N(HK[U,KU[N<,^0;%8,.&8,];#&$, (#&$#&2#(,$+.$,1.8^,$+#,"#.8#",/&,$+"/;'+,$+#,:%#2#,%&,.,&.$;".001, >/$%/&.0,.&8,2/>:#00%&',-.1? !N1$*0#$/&+*#&$/01$3&##<-$41&#$/1&<-$*0%)$0#$)##<-8$+-$4%E+)7$%$,01&#$.1&$*0#$ &#%<#&$/01$&#%<-C5$Z(W#4(H.%'' YNQK(c([RVOK(D[IRG(KORGPN[<,N,'".(:,/4,both sides of the brain6,$+#,A$#2+&%2.0(@,(;2+,.(,2/>:/(%$%/&6,'".>>."6,(1&$.E,[,<;$,&/$,.$, $+#,#E:#&(#,/4,$+#,/#.8$"2.,.(:#2$(,/4,#E:"#((%/&,%&,-"%$%&'?,*+/(#,$+.$, 2.&&/$,<#,$.;'+$6,<;$,/&01,"#.001$'#%&)*KO6-7*8,$+"/;'+,#E:#"%#&2#? UGRhUN()[RKKNG(!9R,N(9:.(RH(IWIXKIDYN<,B/>#/&#, -%$+,$+#%",8%($%&2$,/-&,59/%2#5,.&8,$+#,.<%0%$1,$/,>/8%41,%$,$/,(;%$,$+#, (%$;.$%/&,/",;%@1"/8$"&*('$M1.F+%"^.. RH(I(TNIGRGVQUYGNHH(QRYKN[<,V.&,2/&8#&(#,>%0#(,/4, 9#"<%.'#,8/-&,%&$/,>#.&%&'4;06,(;:#",,1),+-#,8;-&#"'A'.,V;$(,$+"/;'+, $+#,%&4/">.$%/&,$/,$+#,2/"#,/4,$+#,%((;#6,.&8,/D#"(,;:,$+%(,2/"#,$/,$+#, "#.8#" !"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

,9TTUGR,IKNH(IGW(NdXN[RNG,NH(\IOI6NU[NPI( T9TNGKH<](NXRXOIGRNH6RGHRVOKH()RKO(VUHK9iii<,V.&, -"%$#,(#&$#&2#(,$+.$,2+.00#&'#,.&8C/","#8#G&#,$+#,"#.8#"@(,:#"(:#2$%9#?, 7(,.,A>%&8<0/-#"@?,, NWRK9[RIY(WNKI,OTNGK<,7(,&/$,-1 .=.2+#8,$/,+%(C+#",/-&, -/"3,$+.$,+#,2.&&/$,";$+0#((01,#8%$,%$,8/-&. !AE+''$:1;&$<%&'+)7-8$E+''$:1;&$<%&'+)7-8$#2#)$/0#)$+*$3&#%E-$:1;&$#71,#)*&+,$ '+9'#$-,&+33'#&P-$0#%&*8$E+''$:1;&$<%&'+)7-5$Z(H$.;-.*(P"*+ TNKR,UY9UH()ONG(IXX[9X[RIKN(DUK(G9K(K9(9)G( WNK[RTNGK<,R%00,.'/&%(#,/9#",.,(%&'0#,>%(:0.2#8,-/"8,%4,&#2#((."16, 3;*$1)':$+.$)#,#--%&:C$V/( I*81M'"'(@M(;8#81M'"',-;,E-C 9[GITNGKH()[RKRGV()ONG(GN,NHHI[E<,Z/((#((#(,$+#, .<%0%$1,$/,8%($%&';%(+,.&8,8".-,$+#,0%&#,-+#"#,."$%($%2,;(.'#,/4,-/"8(, #&+.&2#(,$+#,-/"3,.&8,-+#&,%$,<#2/>#(,5];D5? Q[UVIY()RKO()9[WH<,R+#&,"#\;%"#86,>#$%2;0/;(&#((,.&8, 4";'.0%$1,-%$+,-/"8(?,S&8#"($.&8(,4";'.0%$1,#-(#,+%'':,-+#&,-"%$%&',4/", $+#,-#<,.&8,P/;"&.0%($%2.001? XN[HUIHR!N(IGW(UGWN[HKIGWH(TUYKRXYN(TNIGH<,7(, 9#"(.$%0#,%&,+/-,+#C(+#,2/&&#2$(,-%$+,$+#,"#.8#"?,V.&,-"%$#, T2/>>;&%2.$#,>#((.'#U,-%$+,1&+"/6,/",-%$+,.&,.A;8$-"/,2/&&#2$%/&?, N&8,2.&,2/><%&#,$+#,$-/,-%$+%&,$+#,(.>#,&."".$%9#,T#E$".,'"#.$,%&,$+.$, A+1:&/$%2@,.8,-"%$%&')U PG9)H()ONG(YNHH(RH(T9[N(IGW(T9[N(RH(YNHH<,J&/-(, .$,-+#"#,.88%$%/&,.&8,/>%((%/&,/4,8#$.%0,#&+.&2#(,$+#,2/&$#&$?,N$,-+%2+, :/%&$,7&4/">.$%/&,<#2/>#(,B11$?;,0$=).1&4%*+1),T*_7U?,O$2?, >J$<#-+7)#&$E)1/-$0#$0%-$%,0+#2#<$(#&.#,*+1)$)1*$/0#)$*0#&#$+-$)1*0+)7$'#.*$*1$ %<<8$3;*$/0#)$*0#&#$+-$)1*0+)7$'#.*$*1$*%E#$%/%:C>$Z(I*$&"*.(^.(H8"*$FNj%;.#M !"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

THE BUSINESS J-(#,*-$1.$01/$*0#$/&+*#&$;)<#&-*%)<-K<1#-$*0#$3;-+)#--C

HK[9GV()9[P(NKOR,<,*+#,.<%0%$1,$/,;&8#",:"/>%(#,.&8,/9#", 8#0%9#",T&/$,%&,-/"82/;&$6,<;$,%&,Q;%'+*:U )ND(HI!!E<,S&8#"($.&8(,$+#,(.9.'#,.&8,".:%8,&.$;"#,/4,$+#,&#-, attention economy,.&8,-+#"#,+%(,"/0#,G$(,%&$/,%$.,Z#/:0#,8/&@$,-.&$,$/, +.9#,$/,0//3,$//,+."8,4/",$+#%",%&4/">.$%/&,GE,.&1>/"#? IWWH(!IYUN(RG(TIGE(9KON[()IEH<,*+%&3(,/4,:;<0%2.$%/&, .&8,+/-,$/,.88,9.0;#,%&,-.1(,NB7aOB,4"/>,P;($,-"%$%&',.&,."$%20#., .;')0<=>0'?(7+,-, • Z"/9%8%&',"%'+$(,20#."#8,%>.'#(,T%00;($".$%/&(C:+/$/'".:+(,#$2?U, • bD#"%&',;(#4;0,%&$"/8;2$%/&(,T(;2+,.(,$/,/$+#",-"%$#"(U • bD#"%&',+#0:,%&,:"/>/$%&',$+#,-"%$%&' • bD#"%&',.89%2#,/",(;::/"$,/&,/$+#",."#.(,$+#,-"%$#",>.1,+.9#, #E:#"$%(#,%&? RH(G9K(I(kGN9FYUWWRKNl<(a/#(,&/$,/::/(#,:"/'"#((,/", $#2+&/0/'1,-+%2+,2.&,#&+.&2#,+%(,-"%$%&',/",#E:/(;"#6,P;($,4/",$+#,(.3#, !"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

/4,%$?( KIHKNQUY(IGW(HOITNYNHH(HNYQ(X[9T9KR9G<(V.&,8/, $+%(,cccc$8'$.?%11Mmmmm,<;$,#D#2$%9#01?,N::"#2%.$#(,$+.$,+#,:"/<.<01,+.(, $/,'#$,$+#,<.00,"/00%&',<#4/"#,.&1/&#,#0(#,+#0:(,:;(+,%$Q, H9,RIY(TNWRI(TI[PNKNN[<(S&8#"($.&8(,$+.$,$+.$,(/2%.0, >#8%.,+-)P*,P;($,.,4.86,<;$,.,"#8#G&%$%/&,/4,+/-,<;(%&#((,%(,8/&#,.&8, +/-,-#,2/>>;&%2.$#?,S(#(,%$,4/",:#"(/&.0,'.%&,d,&.>#01(*.$>&#0"*+6, '.1?(;#&A&$"&*,.&8,#.'.8#/-?,N9/%8(,$+#,$%>#,(%&3,.&8,2".23,2/2.%&#, 0%3#,#D#2$(,/4,*11$4;,0,^.2#<//3,$%>#0%&#6,e%&3#87&,4##8,.&8,*-%=#", ($"#.>%&') ,IG(TI[PNK(I,[9HH(TUYKRXYN(TNWRUTH(IGW( TNWRI(,OIGGNYH<,%?#?,(+."%&',%>.'#(,/&,Q1"/0#6,-/"8(,/&, K>":.#6,.;8%/,/&,H&%*^/1&%^,.&8,9%8#/(,/&,E&%$%@.?,N::"#2%.$#(, $+.$,,1)*#)*$+-$E+)7,.&8,$+.$,2%&+#*:$+-$*0#$-(+,#$1.$'+.#. R?("$(-.1;'a(-.#.]'(.j8A;1.'(&?(-&>($-.(8%$-&#("'(%'"*+($-.A< • H&%*^/1&%^ • E&%$%@. • Q1"/0# • K>":.# OIH6IXXYRNH(H9TN(KEX9V[IXOE(IGW(!RHUIY( WNHRVG(V[9UGWRGV<(S'01,0//3%&',8/2;>#&$(,."#,0#((,0%3#01,$/, <#,"#.86,#.+8#^1.''(&?(-&>(>.11(>#":.*($-.M(8#..,Z#/:0#,R7ee,P;8'#,., <//3,<1,%$(,2/9#",T0%$#".001U) TIPNH(\Q,PG(,9XRNHi<(X.23(,;:,+%(C+#",8.$.,-%$+,(%&%)1+<$ #L,+#),:?,I*^(&_'"$.($&&., 74,8%'%$.06,:#"+.:(,-%$+,.,(#"9%2#,0%3#,,#8'-;18*,T4/",0."'#,.>/;&$(,/4, 8.$.U,/",W#&;@&j.( 74,:+1(%2.06,:#"+.:(,($/"#(,%>:/"$.&$,>.&;(2"%:$(,.&8,8/2;>#&$(,%&,., (#:.".$#,'./%#.,0/2.$%/&,T(;2+,.(,.,(.4#,8#:/(%$,</E`U !"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

HNYYH(KON()9[WH<,S&8#"($.&8%&',$+.$,#9#"1,-"%$%&',:%#2#,%(,., 5(.0#(,P/<5,%&,$+#,(#&(#,$+.$,1/;,."#,2/&$%&;.001,(#00%&',$+#,"#.8#",/&, (##%&',$+#,-/"8(,.&8,(#&$#&2#(,$-#&%+-($&(/&A;1.$"&*. >R2#&:31<:$'+E#-$*1$3;:8$)131<:$'+E#-$*1$3#$-1'<>Z(UGPG9)G )ND(HI!!E<,74,4/",-#<6,2.&,-"%$#,%&,(;2+,.,-.1,$+.$,%&9%$#(, .&8,2/>:#0(,$+#,"#.8#"(,$/,:."$%2%:.$#,%&,$+#,%((;#,-%$+,$+#%",/-&, 2/>>#&$(? )9[PH(%3(KON(DUHRGNHH(IH()NYY(IH(@3(RK<(a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n%"/01M. UHNH(WNYNVIKR9G6,9YYID9[IKR9G<(*+#,-/"8(,>.1,<#, +%(,$#""%$/"16,<;$,+#,3&/-(,$+.$,+#,8/#(&@$,+.9#,$+#,#&#"'16,$%>#,/", $.0#&$,$/,8/,#9#"1$+%&',T.&8,$+#"#@(,-1$4;,0,$/,8/6,"%'+$QU) , B/,$+%(,>.1,$.3#,$+#,4/">,/4,<#%&',.^"$.^,<1,(/>#/&#,-+/,%(,.,>;2+, >/"#,>#$%2;0/;(,'".>>."%.&,$+.&,+#,%(?,b",+.9%&',+%(,8#$>&#0, !"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

:"/9%8#8,<1,.,</&.,G8#,%00;($".$/"6,.&8,&/$,$+#,-##3#&8,(2"%<<0#",+#, >.1,<#Q, H%AA8#M< • N((#><0#,(:#2%.0%($(6,:0.1,$/,$+#%",($"#&'$+(,.&8,'#$,$+#,+#00,/;$,/4, $+#%",-.1Q • ^"##,1/;",$%>#,;:,$/,8/,$+#,$+%&',:1;,8/,<#($? UGWN[HKIGWH(KOIK(\)9[W(RH(D9GW](IGW( [NXUKIKR9G6XN[H9GIY(D[IGW()RYY(TIPN(9[( D[NIP(ORT<(E1-D(-F*'C?0')0D-=7'*>E,

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c(XN9XYN(HPRYYH<,H/</81,-/"3(,2/>:0#$#01,.0/&#?, 7(,:.$%#&$,-%$+,$+#,4/%<0#(,.&8,9%2%((%$;8#(,/4,/$+#",:#/:0#?,T#*-$1)$/+*0$ (#1('#C$W.?%'.',$/;'+,:#/:0#?,_%'+$,&/$,<#,.,A:#/:0#,:#"(/&@6,<;$, 8#G&%$#01,+.(,:#/:0#,(3%00(? 79U[GIYRHT(HI!!E<,74,%&,P/;"&.0%(>,;&8#"($.&8(,$+.$,+#,(+#C,%(, $+#"#,$/,(#"9#,#8%$/"%.0,.&8,;0$%>.$#016,$+#,"#.8#"(+%: KRTN(TIGIVNTNGK<,S&8#"($.&8(,$%>#,>.&.'#>#&$6,.&8, .((%'&%&',:"%/"%$%#(,$/,A..$(^.8^1"*.'4 ,X#2.;(#,$+#"#,."#,;(;.001,'1*-$1.$ <#%<'+)#-C

!"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

!J&#$:1;$%/%&#$*0%*$&;-0+)7$*1/%&<$%$71%'$+-$%$-;3'+4%*#<$<#%*0$/+-0U$=*V-$)1$ ,1+),+<#),#$/#$,%''$*0#4$V<#%<'+)#-C5,Z(K&A([&@@"*' XYIEH(UX9G(UGRh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

!"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

THE PROCESS J-(#,*-$1.$/0+,0$3:$/0+,0$*0#$/&+*#&$<1#-$*0#$(&1,#--$1.$/&+*+)7$%)<$*%-E-$ &#'%*#<$*1$+*C

[NHNI[,O<,V.&,<#,0%3#,'/08,>%&%&'?,7(,.<0#,$/,(%4$,$+"/;'+,$+#,fghi, ;(#0#((,>.$#"%.0,.&8,."".&'#,$+#,jgh,%&,.,-.1,$+.$,$+#,"#.8#",2.&,>.3#, ;(#,/4?,J&/-(,-+#&,.*&%+-(#.'.8#/-("'(NG9UVO4 H9U[,NH(IGW(I!9RWRGV,5CHURNALISING5L,74,P/;"&.0%($%26,%(, '//8,.$,'#=%&',9.0;.<0#,%&4/">.$%/&6,G"($+.&8,4"/>,'&%#/.'6,.&8,&/$, P;($,"#+.(+%&',-+.$,%'&#%<:$#G+-*-,/&0%&#?,TN,2.&2#",;:/&,$+#,%&8;($"1)U QIHK()ONG(GNNWNW(IGW(K9UVO(UGWN[(X[NHHU[N<, V.&,k//>,$+"/;'+,-/"3,-+#&,$+#"#@(,0/$(,/4,(#:.".$#,$/,<#,8/&#?,V.&, >.3#,;(#,/4,$+#,-/&8"/;(,X8#0"*'&*]'(Y8>a(.&8,&/$,$/,$+#,8#$"%>#&$,/4, -/"3,\;.0%$1? WNYR!N[H()NYY(DNQ9[N(WNIWYRGNH()ONG(X9HHRDYN<, V.&,A8#0%9#",$+#,'//8(@,-#00,<#4/"#,8#.80%&#6,'%9%&',:0#&$1,/4,$%>#,4/", $+#,20%#&$,$/,2/&(%8#",-+.$,>.1,&##8,"#8/%&',<#4/"#,$+#,.""%9.0,/4,$+#, G&.0,8#.80%&#?,_;2+,0#((,($"#((4;0,4/",#9#"1</81,%&9/09#8,T0#((,'%-*$ 4+);*#$#<+*-6,#$2?U, XYIEH(\WNIWYRGN(VITNH]()NYY<(V.&,.::01,%8#.(,4"/>, !"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

X#&=./$(T8*8+.A.*$,$/,$+#,-"%$%&',:"/2#((,T#(:#2%.001,%4,-/"3%&',/&,., 2/>:0#E,:"/P#2$U.(V.&,(#$,#."0%#",.&8,A:"/P#2$,>%0#($/&#@,$1:#,8#.80%&#(, #&(;"%&',$+.$,$+#"#@(,:0#&$1,/4,(:.2#,.&8,.,$%>#,<;D#",4/",$+#,QRGIY( ^.8^1"*.. PG9)H()ONG(K9(XYIG(IGW()ONG(3%.(K9(XYIG<, *+%&3(,$+"/;'+,$+#,($";2$;"#,/4,.&,."$%20#?,N0$#"&.$%9#016,$.3#(,.,>/"#, 4"##4/">,.::"/.2+,.&8,W/&+*#-$+)*;+*+2#':P,-+#&,$+#,(%$;.$%/&,:#">%$(C "#\;%"#(? KRTRGV6XN[HXN,KR!N<,e#.9#(,#&/;'+,$%>#,%&,$+#,8#.80%&#, :"/2#((,$/,"#$;"&,$/,+%(C+#",-/"3,.4"#(+,.&8,-%$+,.,&#-,:#"(:#2$%9#,4/", 4;"$+#"CG&.0,#8%$%&'. !B0#$*&+,E$*1$.1&7#9+)7$*0#$3+7$(+,*;&#$+-$*1$'11E$%*$#2#&:*0+)7$,'1-#$;(C5$, Z(,-%/0(X818-*"%0 IXXYRNH(,[RKR,IY(KORGPRGV<,*+#,.<%0%$1,$/,2"%$%2.001,#9.0;.$#, .,<"%#4,.&8,<#,20#.",/&,-+.$,%(,"#\;%"#8,/4,+%>(#04,@.?&#.('$8#$"*+(>&#0., a/#(,&/$,>.3#,$//,>.&1,.((;>:$%/&(?,7(,+.::1,$/,.(3,20."%41%&', \;#($%/&(,%4,;&(;"#? UHNH(YRHKNGRGV6RTX[9!NTNGK6PIRoNG<,Z/((#((#(,$+#, .<%0%$1,$/,0%($#&,$/,.&8,.2$,;:/&,2/&($";2$%9#,#8%$/"%.0,2"%$%2%(>,-%$+/;$, 5$.3%&',%$,:#"(/&.0015?,*+#&,$/,%>:0#>#&$,"#-"%$#(,;&$%0,$+#,#&8,'/.0,%(, .2+%#9#8?,N0(/,2.&,.::01,$+%(,:"/2#((,$/,%>:"/9#,%&,$+#,0/&',";&,.(,., -"%$#"?

!"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

REFLECTIONS & GRATITUDE N14#$(1+)*-$*1$&#X#,*$;(1)$B;=*$:1;$%&#$0%((:$%31;*C$Y1;&$(#&-1)%'$&#%-1)-$ .1&$/&+*+)7C

5;C(8#.(M&%#(>#"$"*+(#&1.(A&^.1'a(8*^(B;>(^&(M&%(8^A"#.($-.AJ 5;>(^&(M&%(>#"$.J !Y1;&$(;&(1-#$+)$'+.#$+-$*1$I)<$:1;&$(;&(1-#$%)<$7+2#$:1;&$/01'#$0#%&*$%)<$ -1;'$*1$+*5,,Z(V8%$8A8(D%^^-8 5;=*(-82.(M&%(*&$(M.$(>#":.*(@%$(B=?*($&J 5;=*(^&(M&%(1"0.(A&'$(8@&%$(>#"$"*+J 5;=*(^&(M&%(>8*$($&(@.(D-<-<G-D-,(?&#J 5;=*(^&(M&%(>8*$($&(@.(H?CB?(?&#(>-"1'$(M&%(1"2.J(,8*(M&%( '%AA8#"'.("$("*(8('.*$.*/.J,eElevator pitchf !"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

R?($-.(>&#1^(>.#.($&(.*^(*.j$(>..0a(>-8$(>&%1^(M&%(S*"'-(>#"$"*+J( )&%1^(M&%(.2.*(S*"'-(>#"$"*+('&A.$-"*+J >=.$4:$<1,*1&$*1'<$4#$=$0%<$1)':$-+G$4+);*#-$*1$'+2#8$=$/1;'<)V*$3&11<C$=V<$*:(#$ %$'+9'#$.%-*#&C>,Z(R'88/(I'"A&2 R?(M&%(/&%1^(*&(1&*+.#(>#"$.(-&-D0=I='?a(B;=*(>&%1^(M&%(^&a(8*^(B;=*( >&%1^(M&%(^&('?)*-=,J

!"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

Memento Mori: A POINT TO PONDER...

#$%&'()%"*+*%"+,"()"'-%"'-+(*.",+-"/0'/"1+*234

N*;<:$4#8$&#%<#&8$+.$:1;$<#'+70*$+)$4#8$3#,%;-#$1)$2#&:$.#/$1,,%-+1)-$-0%''$=$ &#*;&)$*1$*0#$/1&'<8$%)<$3#,%;-#$*0#$(%*+#),#$.1&$*0+-$(&1.#--+1)$+-$.1;)<$+)$2#&:$ .#/8$%)<$1)':$+)$*01-#$/01$/+-0$*1$,14(1-#$*0+)7-$%)#/C$Z14#8$10$4#)8$*1$-##$ *0#$4+&%,'#-$*0%*$-;,0$-*;<+#-$/+''$<+-,'1-#$*1$)%*;&#C>,Z(Y.&*8#^&(^8(!"*/"

!"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

GOOD BOOKS AND FURTHER READING FOR BETTER WRITING D)$"&+*+)7[$J$?#41+&$1.$*0#$Z&%.*,[,H$.;-.*(P"*+, B0#$"%&$D.$J&*,[,H$.;-.*(X#.''S.1^ N*&#)7*0-I)<#&$\C],[,K&A([8$R@4:*0$^#2+-+*#<[$"0:$?1-*$N4%''$6;-+)#--#-$_1)V*$"1&E$ %)<$"0%*$*1$_1$J31;*$=*$`,T"/-8.1(V.#@.# • J,,+<#)*%'$T#)+;-[$a-+)7$"&+*+)7$*1$T#)#&%*#$Y1;&$6#-*$ =<#%-8$=)-+70*$%)<$Z1)*#)*,d,T8#0(Y.2M • b#)$=)$B0#$J&*$D.$"&+*+)7,d,[8^(D#8^@%#M • N*#+)$D)$"&+*+)7[$J$?%-*#&$R<+*1&$1.$N14#$1.$*0#$?1-*$ N;,,#--.;'$"&+*#&-$1.$D;&$Z#)*;&:$N0%&#-$c+-$Z&%.*$ B#,0)+Q;#-$%)<$N*&%*#7+#-,d,H&1(H$."* • • • •

!"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


!"#$%&%'()#"$"*+(,-./01"'$(2345(66(78/0(9%+-$&*(66 -:;<66=8/0&%+-$&*>#"$.#4"*?&(6(-:;'<66>>>4?8/.@&&04/&A6=8/04&%+-$&*4>#"$.#(66 B53C<(,,(DEFG,FHI( (66()8**8(/-8$J(K>..$(L0&%0&%28M8((66

ABOUT THE AUTHOR 78/0(9%+-$&*6,NJN,P&%0&%28M8,NJN,4%):$1*0#&$)%4#-6,%(,.,-"%$#", /4,>.&1,$+%&'(,T.>/&'($,>.&1,/$+#",$+%&'(U,4"/>,V"/18/&6,SJ?, F#,>.%&$.%&(,.&,#(/$#"%2,<0/',/4,:+%0/(/:+1,.&8,.2#"<%2,:/#$"1,.$, j"="*^%'$#".'4/&A,,>/"#,A:"/4#((%/&.0@,2;=%&'(,/&,T%/0#8/0,,.&8,., :/"$4/0%/,/4,/$+#",$+%&'(,T>/($01,&/$,-"%$%&',"#0.$#8U,.$, 0&%0&%28M84/&4%0?, W.23,2.&,<#,4/;&8,$-##$%&',/&,.(,L0&%0&%28M8(.&8,0%3#(,$/,(.1,0/$(,/4, -/"8(,$+.$,&/</81,$.3#(,(#"%/;(01?

IMAGE CREDITS B0%)E-,$/), alubavin Desmond Kavanagh, Miguel Pires da Rosa, seier+seier, kevin dooley, BenedictFrancis c(,&2.#(RA8+.<,H811M

!"#$%&#$%''$%((&#)*+,#-$+)$%$,&%.*$/0#&#$)1$1)#$#2#&$3#,14#-$%$4%-*#&5!"N#*.'$(O.A"*+>8M(


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.