Soft skills with special focus on ITES Soft skill is the ability required and expected from persons for finding a suitable job, its maintenance and promotion
To handle interpersonal relations To take appropriate decisions To communicate effectively To have good impression and impact to gain
professional development
• Communication skills form the corner stone of soft
• • • •
skill Every human being has to essentially & effectively communicate with others Effective communication is the hallmark of one’s education The ability to speak fluently using the right word in the right order is an good communication Message using appropriate vocabulary and syntax form effective communication
A man is identified by his personality – public image. It is the totality of the person and not merely external
looks, but character, behavioral traits and attitude towards life. Personality development – is the improvement of
behavioral
traits
such
as
communication
skills,
interpersonal relationships, attitude towards life and
restoring our ethics.
Know your personality Character traits
Behaviora l traits
Attitudinal Change
Integrity
Interperso nal Skills
Positive Attitude
Acceptanc e
Communic ation Skills
Win-win situation
Discipline
Leadership Qualities Dedication
Keep the end in mind
Stress and Time management
Synergise
TYPES OF PERSONALITY Nine Types
Perfectionists Helpers Romantics Achievers Asserters Questioners Adventurers Observers and Peacemakers.
Cont.. Perfectionists principled
–
are
realistic,
conscientious
and
Helpers – are warn, concerned, nurturing and sensitive to other people’s needs Achievers – are eneagetic, optimistic, self assured and goal oriented Romantics – have sensitive feelings and are warm and perceptive Observers – have a need for knowledge and are introverted, curious, analytical and insightful.
Cont.. Questioners – are responsible and trustworthy. Adventurers – are energetic, lively and optimistic. They want to contribute to the world Asserters – are direct, self-reliant, self confident and protective. Peacemakers – are receptive, good-natured and supportive. They seek union with others and the world around them
It can help in the following ways To learn the business etiquette of exchanging cards,
wishing on first meeting, bowing when you are visiting Japan and the like. Voice modulation, diction, communication skills, phone etiquette, hygiene, empowerment skills, time management and positive thinking. To cultivate a friendly, interactive manner. Essentials like giving a speech, voice development and modulation of voice. It enhances the sense of confidence and self-worth.
PERSONALITY TEST This can identify: Value system Emotional reaction to a critical situation Moods and characteristic behaviour traits. Maturity in handling a crisis. Ability to adjust himself to the stress of day-to-day executive lifestyle. Self-confidence, personal ambition, emotional control and sociability etc.
BODY LANGUAGE Body language communicates much more than words. Body language signals are called ‘leakages’ because you may try to tell something, but the truth will leak out visually.
•Non verbal language Face is the index of the mind and it clearly displays the
persons interest Body language presents to the audience what we feel & think about the particular matter Ex: Nodding one’s head Body language (e.g, arms crossed, standing, sitting, relaxed) Emotion of the sender & receiver (e.g, speaking clearly, enthusiastic)
AVOID SUCH BODY LANGUAGE Crossed arms or legs Carrying books or papers across your chest Slumped posture Sitting perched on the edge of the chair Wringing hands Tapping foot Rocking legs
Drumming fingers Biting nails
LOOKING AGGRESSIVE Arms folded across the chest Staring Pointing Making a fist Leaning over someone
BEHAVING RUDELY
Working when someone is talking to you Puffing Tollering Smirking Whispering Cracking knuckles Grooming yourself’ Standing too close Packing up folders and papers well before the meeting is over Shaking hands too hard or limp handshakes
LEADERSHIP QUALITIES
Courage Self-control A keen sense of justice and fairness Definiteness of plans The habit of doing more than being paid for A pleasing personality Sympathy and understanding Mastery of details Willingness to assume full responsibility Co-operation
PERSONAL QUALITIES Accurate
Adaptable Can Work Under Pressure Careful Committed Competent Cooperative Positive Self Confident Loyal
Determinants of personality
Biological factors 1.
Heredity
2.
Brain
3.
Physical features
Family & Social factors 1.Socialisation process (Behaviour from family & social group)
2. Identification process ( Selecting ideal person) 3. Home environment (Brought up) 4.Social Group.
Cultural factors
1. Independence- Australia 2. Aggression- North Korea 3. Competition- India 4. Co-operation- Japan
Situational factors
1.Positive behaviour 2.Negative behaviour
Holland’s Personality-Job Fit Theory Type
Personality
Occupations
Realistic
Shy, Stable, Practical
Mechanic, Farmer, Assembly-Line Worker
Investigative
Analytical, Independent
Biologist, Economist, Mathematician
Social
Sociable, Cooperative
Social Worker, Teacher, Counselor
Conventional
Practical, Efficient
Accountant, Manager Bank Teller
Enterprising
Ambitious, Energetic
Lawyer, Salesperson
Artistic
Imaginative, Idealistic
Painter, Writer, Musician
Prentice Hall, 2001
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Type A and B Type A Personality •Always moving, walking, and eating rapidly. •Feel impatient with the rate at which most events take place. •Strive to think or do two or more things at once. •Cannot cope with leisure time. •Are obsessed with numbers, measuring their success in terms of how many or how much of everything they acquire.
Type B Personality •Never suffer from a sense of time urgency with its accompanying impatience. •Feel no need to display or discuss either their achievements or accomplishments unless such exposure is demanded by the situation. •Play for fun & relaxation, instead of exhibit their superiority at any cost. Can relax without guilt.
2. CODE OF DRESS A dress code is a set of standards that companies develop to help provide their employees with guidance about what is appropriate to wear to work. Dress codes range from formal to business casual to casual. The formality of the workplace dress code is normally determined by the amount of interaction employees have with customers or clients.
Dress Code Men should look nice. Office Environment - Men Acceptable
Not Acceptable
Dress Pants, Dockers, Corduroy
Jeans, Shorts, Cotton or Nylon Sweatpants, Athletic Attire
Pullovers, Dress Shirts, Sweater with Collared Shirt or Turtleneck, Polo Type Shirt, Blazer/Sport Coat
Sweatshirts, T-Shirts, Sleeveless Shirts
Loafers, boat/deck shoes
Athletic Shoes, Work Boots, Sandals
COS logo here
Dress Code Women should look pretty. Office Environment – Women Acceptable
Not Acceptable
Skirts or Dresses Executives and their assistants may wear suits.
Jeans, Shorts, Sweatpants, Athletic Attire, Casual Shorts, Stretch Pants or Leggings, Stirrups, Cotton or Nylon Sweatpants
Blouses, Sweaters, Polo Shirts, Dress Jackets,
Tank Tops, Sweatshirts, T-Shirts, Halter Tops, Spaghetti Straps,
Dress Shoes With or Without Heel, Loafers, Slides, Open Toed Shoes
Flip Flops, Hiking Boots or Hiking Sandals, Athletic Shoes
Shirt/Blouse: Short sleeve or long sleeve, oxford, or polo style, (no sleeveless, half sleeve or low cut,), must have collar or mock/turtleneck, may not be worn as jackets, no denim, worn tucked in (exception-sweat shirt).
Pants: Dress-type, worn at the waist, hemmed, side and back pockets only, no cargo pockets, no jeans, no cutoffs, no denim material, no more than one size larger than waist, no torn ankle slits, pants may not drag on ground, no overalls, no hip huggers, no zippers in back, no lace up pants.
Shorts Shorts: hemmed, no more than one size larger than waist, no cutoffs, no shorter than 3 inches above the knee, Capri acceptable (no spandex), no denim, no overalls Skirts/skorts/jumpers: hemmed, no denim, no shorter than 3 inches above the knee
Undershirt: If worn, white only, solid, no designs.
Belt: Must be worn at all times, must be visible, threaded through belt loops and tucked in, black, brown, khaki in color, no decorative colors or accents.
Socks/Shoes: Visible socks must be worn, colors, white, gray, black, red, khaki, no visible logos on socks, girls may wear tights, knee-highs or pantyhose, no shoes designed for beach or bath wear, shoelaces must be tied.
Jewelry/Accessories: Jewelry may not exceed the diameter of a half-dollar in size; only one necklace or bracelet may be worn at one time
Any article of clothing, jewelry, body decoration, or hairstyle extreme enough to create a distraction or disturb the normal routine of school shall be deemed inappropriate.
Inappropriate Clothing Logos on clothing that are larger than a half-dollar
in size, no logos allowed on socks. Logos on winter coats may exceed this diameter. Hats, caps, or bandannas, or scarves Shirts/blouses that are: sleeveless, low cut, expose bare midriffs, or are too short to stay tucked in
Inappropriate Clothing Symbols on clothing or jewelry that
would distract or cause undue attention Exposed tattoos or other body marks Symbols, words, or slogans cut into hair to include decorative beads or unnatural colors Excessively loose clothing
Inappropriate Clothing Dark glasses See-through, provocative, or excessively tight clothing Excessively torn clothing Clothing worn in a manner for which it was not
intended (i.e. backwards, inside out)
3. CREATIVE VS CRITICAL THINKING ď‚— Critical thinking involves logical thinking and reasoning
including skills such as comparison, classification, sequencing, cause/effect, patterning, webbing, analogies, deductive and inductive reasoning, forecasting, planning, hypothesizing, and critiquing. ď‚— Creative thinking involves creating something new or original. It involves the skills of flexibility, originality, fluency, elaboration, brainstorming, modification, imagery, associative thinking, attribute listing, metaphorical thinking, forced relationships. The aim of creative thinking is to stimulate curiosity and promote divergence.
• When you think of someone who is “creative”, who comes to mind? • When you think of someone who is a “problem solver or critical thinker”, who comes to mind?
What is Critical Thinking? ď‚— Group Creativity involves both divergent and convergent
thinking. Divergent thinking ideas should vary members must think as differently as possible from one another so the team will have a wide array of options from which to choose. ď‚— Convergent thinking - thinking that brings together
information focussed on solving a problem, especially solving problems that have a single correct solution. ď‚— For a group to be creative, both individual and group
creativity are needed.
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Your Brain Left One Thing At A Time Linear Processing Sequential
Operation Writing & Symbols Analysis Logic & Reason Mathematical Verbal Memory
Right
Integrating Inputs Holistic Perception Dreams Holistic Solutions Synthesis Pattern Recognition Intuition, Insight Visualizing
Critical vs Creative Critical Thinking
Creative Thinking
Convergent
Divergent
Probability
Possibility
Objective
Subjective
Answer
An Answer
Left Brain
Right Brain
Verbal
Visual
Yes But
Yes And
Memorization vs. Thinking
Multiplication tables and mass media Global citizenship Achievement
Good Critical Thinking Requires ability to assess premises of argument Premises state the assumptions of logic to follow They are the starting point of argumentation If the premises are faulty, then the argument is also Critical thinking begins with an assessment of the premises
What will people think? There is strong social pressure to conform and to be ordinary and not creative. Here are some overheard examples:
Creative Person: "I like to put water in my orange juice so it's less sweet." Ordinary Person: "You're weird, you know?" Ordinary Person: "What are you doing?" Creative Person: "We're painting our mailbox." Ordinary Person: "You're crazy.“ Creative Person: "Why don't we add a little garlic?" Ordinary Person: "Because the recipe doesn't call for garlic."
Negative Attitudes That Block Creativity • Misperceptions • Self perception “I am not creative/smart”, Oh no, a
problem!, I can't do it. Or There's nothing I can do. • Definition of creativity/problem solving is obscure • Background knowledge • Cultural barriers • Value of education • Cultivation is weak – lots of tools, but seems difficult to use… • It’s HARD! - not a click away!
4. SELF-ESTEEM The word 'esteem' comes from a Latin word that means 'to estimate'. So, self-esteem is how you estimate, or regard, yourself.
In simple terms esteem means:
Self image- way a person sees one self Self -esteem is the mental picture one has of him or herself. To have a good opinion of yourself To feel you are a good and worthwhile person To like yourself as you are To accept yourself the way you are To have a healthy self respect, while also respecting others To look to improving your lot in life and making a contribution to the common good
Continue… Try asking yourself these questions. Do I like myself? Do I think I'm a good human being? Am I someone deserving of love? Do I deserve happiness? Do I feel deep down that I'm an OK person?
People with low self-esteem find it hard to answer yes to all or most of the above. Perhaps you are one of them. If so, what can you do?
Understanding Your Needs Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Consequences of Low SelfEsteem Young adults with low self-esteem may start to agree with
negative valuations and see themselves in A less positive way. They may lose interest in daily activities and give up trying certain tasks or goals. They may believe that they are unworthy, unsuccessful, or incapable of things. Staying where ever they feel safe and comfortable Avoiding or escaping uncomfortable situations
Who to Turn to For Help Teachers or counselors (school/university) psychologists Family physician Priest, preacher, rabbi, or other religious figure
Community support groups Family members and friends
Building Your Self-Esteem Spend time with those who are positive. Identify your capabilities, skills, and talents. Remind yourself of these strengths regularly. Don’t be afraid to tackle problems or make decisions - remember everyone needs help at times so don’t stress about asking for help. Be open to and try new things. Set realistic goals and expectations for yourself. Remember – you're uniquely special!
5. Emotions Definition A natural instinctive state of mind deriving from one's
circumstances, mood, or relationships with others. Any of the particular feelings that characterize such a state of mind, such as joy, anger, love, hate, horror, etc
Managing emotions Definition: The capability of effectively regulating and
managing one’s own and others emotions
Managing Emotions Defense Mechanism- mental processes that
protect individuals from strong or stressful emotions. Repression Denial Compensation Projection Regression
Suppression- holding back or restraining, can
provide a temporary escape from an unpleasant situation.
Managing Emotions Handling Fear first step is to identify your fear Talking with some one can help you get some inside on
your fear
Dealing with Guilt Find the underlying source Address the issue and discuss it with friends/family Learn from the experience
Managing Anger
One of the most difficult emotions to handle Find the underlying source Address the issue and discuss it with friends/family Find a way to manage your anger
IMPORTANCE OF EMOTIONS
SURVIVAL Nature developed our emotions over millions of years of evolution. As a result, our emotions have the potential to serve us today as a delicate and sophisticated internal guidance system. Our emotions alert us when natural human need is not being met. For example, when we feel lonely, our need for connection with other people is unmet. When we feel afraid, our need for safety is unmet. When we feel rejected, it is our need for acceptance which is unmet.
Predicting Behavior Our feelings are also useful in helping us predict our own, and others' behavior. Here is an article on the idea that feelings predict behavior.
Boundary Setting When we feel uncomfortable with a person's behavior, our emotions alert us. If we learn to trust our emotions and feel confident expressing ourselves we can let the person know we feel uncomfortable as soon as we are aware of our feeling. This will help us set our boundaries which are necessary to protect our physical and mental health.
Communication Our emotions help us communicate with others. Our facial expressions, for example, can convey a wide range of emotions. If we look sad or hurt, we are signaling to others that we need their help. If we are verbally skilled we will be able to express more of our emotional needs and thereby have a better chance of filling them. If we are effective at listening to the emotional troubles of others, we are better able to help them feel understood, important and cared about.
Continue… Decision Making Our emotions are a valuable source of information. Our emotions help us make decisions. Studies show that when a person's emotional connections are severed in the brain, he can not make even simple decisions. Why? Because he doesn't know how he will feel about his choices. Happiness
The only real way to know that we are happy is when we feel happy. When we feel happy, we feel content and fulfilled. This feeling comes from having our needs met, particulary our emotional needs. We can be warm, dry, and full of food, but still unhappy. Our emotions and our feelings let us know when we are unhappy and when something is missing or needed. The better we can identify our emotions, the easier it will be to determine what is needed to be happy. Unity
Our emotions are perhaps the greatest potential source of uniting all members of the human species. Clearly, our various religious, cultural and political beliefs have not united us. Far too often, in fact, they have tragically and even fatally divided us. Emotions, on the other hand, are universal. Charles Darwin wrote about this years ago in one of his lesserknown books called "The Expression of Emotion In Man and Animal". The emotions of empathy, compassion, cooperation, and forgiveness, for instance, all have the potential to unite us as a species. It seems fair to say that, generally speaking: Beliefs divide us. Emotions unite us.
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