[DRAFT] Charlottesville City Market UVA Fall Studio 2012 by James Moore

UVA ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL LAR 7100 / 8100 CHARLOTTESVILLE CITY MARKET: GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE + PUBLIC SPACE

Charlottesville City Market Syllabus Brief The Charlottesville City Market is a temporary public space that exists on Saturday mornings from April through November/December. For almost two decades, it has been housed on a city-owned parking lot located one block from the Pedestrian Mall on Main Street (designed by Halprin Associates) with no water or electrical infrastructure, and no gathering space for customers to eat or to talk with friends. The market merchants, and many of their patrons, seek a permanent site for the market with the sort of amenities one would expect from a significant urban, public space. This studio asks you to select a new site, propose a new vision, and to develop design details for the City Market. Your proposal should be: a key public space that complements, extends and critiques existing public spaces downtown including the Mall, Lee Park, Jackson Park, and Courthouse Square a contributor to the new Charlottesville Green Infrastructure plan (2012-13) an extension of the Downtown Mall (1976) + Urban Design Plan (1974), Lawrence Halprin and Associates a component of the proposed Market District (2011) by David O’Neill and Market Central To this end, the class will explore market proposals that improve the network of public spaces that currently exist, increase connectivity between various neighborhoods surrounding downtown, catalyze mixed-use developments that include affordable and market-rate housing, improve the ecological performance of the city’s landscape infrastructure, and host other public functions and events when the market is not open. Each of the three projects will include site research and design propositions. The first will focus on small-scale landscape el-

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ements and spaces that have big impacts on character of public space. The second will explore the relationship between several alternatives for the market and larger urban and regional systems. The third will cross scales affording opportunities to imagine the entanglements of experience, material assembly, events, functional logistics, urban form, and landscape change. Public space We will interrogate the role of public spaces within cities, and speculate about what role a new public space can play within the City of Charlottesville. The city has numerous public spaces downtown, such as Courthouse Square, Jackson Park, Lee Park, the Mall, and McGuffey Park. As varied as they are in age and character, they are limited in their conception and enactment of the public: a space of government and power, two spaces of commemoration to Civil War generals, a space of cafes and strolling, and a space for children’s play. The studio will ask you to move beyond the conception of the public realm as a symbolic space, a space of private consumption, a single age or income leisure space. It will require you to imagine a public realm that is meaningful because of the way it creates recognition scenes of otherness; how it is lived, appropriated, and altered; as well it performs a functions shared by the community—ecologically, politically, socially. Green Infrastructure Plan In 2010, the EPA established the Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL), a watershed-wide initiative to reduce pollutants and sediments into the Bay. This requires the City of Charlottesville to meet higher water quality and quantity criteria; as such the city is in the beginning stages of a green infrastructure plan. This plan has the potential to alter design and planning at all scales of the city landscape—from the sub-watershed

and the stream valley to collection basin, the sidewalk curb-and-gutter, and the sidewalk paving detail. Prototypical designs for retrofitting existing city properties (parking lots, medians, tree plantings, drain inlets, retention basins) as well as the design of new properties will contribute to this new ecological initiative. It is not unusual for cities to adopt green infrastructure plans. But few have been integrated into existing public space networks, or have incorporated changing conceptions of public space.This studio will ask you to consider the new City Market as an opportunity to bring these social and ecological agendas together into a hybrid that is particular to Charlottesville and its location in the Piedmont. Market District A city’s market can be much more than a place to buy local foods and artisan crafts. It can be a social space and public place that complements and challenges the normative types of courthouse square, neighborhood playground and pastoral park. A city’s market is a dynamic space, often ephemeral, and frequently co-existing with other activities. It is temporal as much as spatial, and social as well as commercial. It gathers a city’s citizens together in routines and cycles that intermingle the bio- physical, the economic and the cultural. In this regard, a city market is inextricable from the processes, exchanges, flows and rhythms of larger metropolitan networks, including transit systems, public spaces, food production and consumption, and ecosystem services. A Market District that includes several types of markets--exterior and interior, produce, baked goods and artisan crafts, daily, weekly and seasonal—distributed across a matrix of structures, spaces, streets, blocks, and interstitial places—has the potential to transform the rhythms and practices of everyday life in Charlottesville and its rural hinterland.

Project Locations and Pages vid 2ND STREET Isaac and Michael (86) Jake and Gwen (90) David (94) Katie (98) John (102) Rae

GARRET ST WEST Nate (8) Kate and Rachel (10)

DOWNTOWN MALL Lingyi and Isaac (76) Luhan (80)

GARRET ST EAST Rebekah (18) Grey (20) Sarah (24) Chris FRIENDSHIP COURT James and Dani (34) Katherine (38) Chelsea (42) Asa and Harriett (46) Brian and Young (50) Hong (54) Dasha (58) Yoyo (62) Nini (66) Jessie (70)

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Thank you to our critics: Greg Bleem Beata Corcoran Teresa Gali-Izard Kathy Galvin Breck Gastinger Mark Klopfer Mark Miller Brian Osborn Euegen Ryang Mark Watson Mabel Wilson

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Garrett Street West

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Nathan Burgess Hyrologic Commons

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new city market

llo

pollocks branch hydrologic commons

The farmer’s market is both an ephemeral commons and a marketplace, owned by a heterogeneous public of buyers and sellers that gather at regular intervals to exchange goods. The commons— one of the earliest forms of public space—is a piece of ground or a resource that is shared or commonly owned. A marketplace or economy is a price-based system of preference and exchange. One of the greatest barriers to managing common resources and markets is a lack of information. Paying for the resources of the commons (water, electricity) has a tendency to fall disproportionately on one subset of the co-owners through vendor fees and/ or high market prices. Without a shared understanding of costs and profits from the commons, it is nearly impossible to make and enforce collective decisions or share the burden of co-ownership. This inequality drives market prices up for all and drives away potential co-owners (vendors and buyers of limited means). The proposed market, a canopied plaza, addresses this lack of information through physical organization of the market by product type into three zones—artisan goods, prepared food, and agricultural products. One 8’ tall exchange kiosk that monitors market prices and group spending trends with a common market currency/membership card is located near storm-water outflows in each zone. This card and exchange kiosk allow for shared spatial and monetary decision-making by vendors and consumers. Finally, the market card acts as an access card for use of the market resources (electricity, water) throughout the week in one of 14 canopied shelters shared by 4-8 market vendors on market day. On non-market days, the movable benches and tables in the canopied shelters provide shared public, flexible seating for customers of adjacent restaurants, residents, and the general public. The idea of the commons and marketplace are also currently being explored in the context of managing watersheds that are, in the majority, privately owned. Cap-and-trade market-based initiatives (like those currently implemented for greenhouse gas emissions) are currently being explored as an alternative to publicly-funded urban and rural hydrologic management. Monitoring and sub-watershed collectives are seen as key parts of cap-andtrade storm-water markets.

The proposed market positions itself within a future of cap-andtrade urban hydrologic management by monitoring storm-water outflows from each product area and from the market as a whole at a 10’ tall market information kiosk adjacent to a storm-water observation amphitheater. This kiosk and amphitheater encourage decision-making about storm-water management within the commons and designate the market as a hydrologic commons ready to share the cost of protecting the Chesapeake Bay. This idea of a hydrologic commons could be implemented at any scale—from the house or common-market cluster to the Pollocks Branch sub-watershed. At the urban scale, the area now designated as friendship court could become a new hydrologic commons for the downtown mall, Belmont, and a new high density development corridor running from central place to the IX building.

A. mixed use (food, residences, parking) B. indoor market restrooms C. bike racks D. stage #1 E. market storage F. public restrooms G. agricultural products/winter market info kiosk H. prepared food info kiosk J. restaurant incentivized building K. artisan info kiosk L. central market info kiosk and hydrology demonstration M.bus station

D E

464’

2ND STREET

1ST STREET

460’

468’

39 38

461

PARKING

2% 2%

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2% 97

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M GARRETT STREET

G I

PARKING

94 8% 93 455 475’

N PARKING

regular market attendee

SNAP member INFO

vendor

private

information exchange spaces public

RK MA

collective ownership, shared knowledge

co-owned rights easier transactions use of utilities and shelters access to healthy food co-owned responsibilities water quantity/quality fees utility and maintenance fees accepting subsidy programs shared benefits free seating, tables, shelter more affordable market prices working with subsidy programs healthy Chesapeake Bay

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in dr a slo t ci st e

P FO REP OD AR ED

T KE G AR IN M RK PA

monitoring station

LE VAB

MO CH

BEN

MONITORING STATION

tree

0’

information exchange space

CO-OWNED

market stall

waiting area

movement corridor

waiting area

2’ SHARED SEATING

AC AC

SHARED

CO-OWNED STORMWATER

p fo rep od ar e

market stall

shared utilities

rain protection

ag pr ricu od ltu uc ra e l

enclosure and headroom shade

ventilation rainwater collection

g bu lass s st bui op ld in

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monitoring station frien d com ship mon s

information exchange space

A A+B

tree

shared shelter

summer

ter

win

12’-15’ w. stalls (3-4) agricultural products

prepared food

ACAC

parking

gleason building

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ter

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the glass building 0

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AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS PREPARED FOOD ARTISAN PRODUCTS MARKET INFO HYDROLOGIC AMPHITHEATER

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water storage on site serves as an example of decentralized water infrastructure, and also as a dynamic site feature, from runnels and a sculptural ground plane, to a plaza of misters in the summer and ice-skating in the winter. This market would act as a catalyst for a network of public space and green infrastructure that would operate from a local to regional scale.

Kate Hayes. Rachel Stevens.

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GRADIENT RHYTHMS

VEGETATION

stage

pipe exposed

bike depot

workshop space

market

wall

sunken plaza

Garrett St continued

verticality

propsect point

WATER

saturation

PEOPLE

MATERIAL GRADIENTS

CANOPY

GROUND

2nd street

1st street

density Ridge street

The new City Market will serve as a space of public life and exchange that celebrates the seasonal flux of a produce market, and its interface with the dynamics of public life in Charlottesville and the ecological context of the Chesapeake Bay watershed. This market design takes the discrete and bounded forms of points and lines, from streets to stormwater pipes, and opens those forms up, exposing process and creating a gradient of experience that the market and the users of this public space will inhabit. A new city market on Garrett Street will absorb and augment the public space needs and uses in the downtown area, acting as a zone of exchange between people, water and vegetation where the rituals of daily life â&#x20AC;&#x201C; in the form of streetscape, market district and park â&#x20AC;&#x201C; become embedded in the landscape dynamics of Charlottesville and the greater region. Like the flooding banks of a streambed, the City Market gradient will expand and contract based on the seasons, attendance and programs. A seasonal produce market occupies the most dynamic space, shifting based on the goods being brought to market and the seasonal changes in temperature and moisture that signal changes in produce freshness and availability. Educational and community meeting spaces support the market as places for cooking classes and workshops during market hours, and community gathering spaces for non-market hours. Rainfall and water storage on site serves as an example of decentralized water infrastructure, and also as a dynamic site feature, from runnels and a sculptural ground plane, to a plaza of misters in the summer and ice-skating in the winter. This market would act as a catalyst for a network of public space and green infrastructure that would operate from a local to regional scale. This market will also form a place in the civic and environmental consciousness of the city. A key challenge before the city at the moment, is how it will be able to achieve new, tougher standards on water quality, as a result of Chesapeake Bay legislation. The overlap of hydrological gradients with gradients of public life, make the market a joyful public space, where the role of the landscape as infrastructure for social and ecological life is understood and celebrated.

duration

Gradient Marketst

This market will also form a place in the civic and environmental consciousness of the city. A key challenge before the city at the moment, is how it will be able to achieve new, tougher standards on water quality, as a result of Chesapeake Bay legislation. The overlap of hydrological gradients with gradients of public life, make the market a joyful public space, where the role of the landscape as infrastructure for social and ecological life is understood and celebrated.

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Garrett Street East

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Rebekah Dye The architecture of global logistics relies on various strategies of ordering units, aggregates, and zones. Maximum efficiency in the movement of resources from point of origin to point of destination governs the form and structure of these spaces. In most cases, the design is fully optimized and automated, derived from an algorithm and scaled to accommodate a range of fixed dimensions such as the turning radius of a driverless forklift, the length and width of an ISO-approved pallet, and the height of storage racks. This project proposes a new method of order for an existing logistics space in Charlottesville: Ferguson Enterprises on the east end of Garrett Street. Currently, the site occupies approximately 100,000 square feet bounded on the north by a rail line, on the south by Garrett Street, on the west by condominiums, and on the east by 6th St SE. By reorganizing the spacing, lighting and stacking of stored and in-transit construction materials and utilizing adjacent empty lots across 6th St SE, the stockyard is now capable of serving a double- function: construction materials stockyard by day, and city market by night. Major circulation routes through the stockyard/market are determined by the turning radii of large trucks, while aisles are scaled to fit forklifts. At the unit scale, a stacked pallet designates a market stall. At the aggregate scale, pallets of like materials are arranged in varying heights and orientations depending on the length of time that they are destined for yard storage â&#x20AC;&#x201C; providing a diversity of layout and display options for market vendors. At the zone scale: families of materials occupy varying topographic and ground surface conditions throughout the site that are best matched to the storage capabilities of a particular material, creating a series of differing experiences for market visitors. Formal qualities that happen to appeal at the human-scale are seemingly coincidental and secondary to the needs of the movement of resources.Yet, they are vital for the smooth operation of the site, ensuring that any potential conflicts rooted in the structure of control are masked, minimized, or immobilized by material and aesthetics. As functionalist and naturalistic arguments re-enter [landscape] architectural projects as sufficient justification for a broad range of major interventions in public urban space, it is helpful analyze the 18: DRAFT

needs of the movement of resources. Yet, they are vital for the smooth operation of the site, ensuring that any potential conflicts rooted in the structure of control are masked, minimized, or immobilized by material and aesthetics. As functionalist and naturalistic arguments re-enter [landscape] architectural projects as sufficient justification for a broad range of major interventions in public urban space, it is helpful analyze the normative functionalist spatial typology par excellence â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the construction materials stockyard. Through the process of design development, this proposal investigates the limits of functionalism, order, mobilization and control; and the incidental human-scale forms that result from these intersecting limits. existing stockyard site with locations and arrangement of stored materials

volunteer forest

gravel lot

warehouse

vacant commercial building

normative functionalist spatial typology par excellence â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the construction materials stockyard. Through the process of design development, this proposal investigates the limits of functionalism, order, mobilization and control; and the incidental human-scale forms that result from these intersecting limits.

dog wash

grassy lot (recently demolished building)

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Grey Elam

Hyrologic Commons

CONCEPT DIAGRAMS

TRANSIT CENTER

NEW TRANSIT CENTER

TRANSIT CENTER

HISTORIC TRANSIT CENTER

The new Charlottesville Market is located along 6th Street, starting at the Transit Center and moving South to the IX property. The new market functions as a place of collection, standing in contrast to the current slope, rife with displacement and separation from urban renewal. The heart of the market, located at the intersection of 6th Street and Garrett Street, is fed through the gravity of water and feet, generating an identifiable movement corridor. It is in this swale that the market coalesces as a ‘place’. The combination of flow and collection serves to bridge the two racially and economically divided communities to the North and South. The intersection is nestled within four corners, each topographically manipulated to blur the distinction between parcel and street. Vendor stalls and public space are built into thin terraces, splaying like a deck of cards. Located at the top of the Chesapeake and Pollack’s Branch watersheds, the site plays a critical role in filtering the ‘first flush’. The new Charlottesville Market is a place of human and hydrological attraction, collection, and conveyence. It reclaims a slope intended to isolate and segregate and creates a thriving public space.

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HUMAN POOLING

SITING DIAGRAM | PLUGGING INTO TRANSIT

GARRETT STREET FRIENDSHIP COURT

H20 POOLING

POLLACK’S BRANCH

SITING DIAGRAM | PLUGGING INTO THE HYDRO HEADWATERS

INTERSECTION DIAGRAM

POLLACK’S BRANCH

‘POOLING’ DIAGRAM

POLLACK’S BRANCH

THRESHOLD DIAGRAM

OTTESVILLE MARKET STUDIO CHARLOTTESVILLE MARKET STUDIO

ting Concentration Through ollection and Conveyance Grey Elam | 7010 | Fall 2012

Creating Concentration Through Collection and Conveyance Grey Elam | 7010 | Fall 2012

ew Charlottesville Market is located PLUGGING 6th Street, starting at the Transit Center INTO HYDRO moving SouthHEADto the IX property. The WATERS market functions as a place of collection, ing in contrast to the current slope, rife isplacement and separation from urban wal.

The new Charlottesville Market is located PLUGGING along 6th Street, INTO starting at the Transit Center TRANSIT CENTER: and moving South to the IX property. The HUMAN new market functions as a place of collection, HEADstanding in contrast toWATERS the current slope, rife with displacement and separation from urban renewal.

eart of the market, located at the ection of 6th Street and Garrett Street, through the gravity of water and feet, ating an identifiable movement corridor. CONCEPT this swale that the market coalesces DIAGRAM: place’. The combination of flow and POOLING tion serves to bridge the two racially conomically divided communities to the and South.

The heart of the market, located at the intersection of 6th Street and Garrett Street, is fed through the gravity of water and feet, INTERSECTION generating an identifiable movement corridor. AS CENTER It is in this swale that market coalesces OFthe HUMAN DENSITY of flow and as a ‘place’. The combination collection serves to bridge the two racially and economically divided communities to the North and South.

ntersection is nestled within four rs, each topographically manipulated to he distinction between parcel and street. or stalls and public space are built into erraces, splaying like a deck of cards. MARKET

The intersection is nestled within four corners, each topographically manipulated to blur the distinction between parcel and street. Vendor stalls and public space are built into thin terraces, splaying like a deck of cards.

Located at the top of the Chesapeake and Pollack’s Branch watersheds, the site plays a critical role in filtering the ‘first flush’.

FORM: ed at the top of the Chesapeake and SPLAYED TOPO ck’s Branch watersheds, the site plays

l role in filtering the ‘first flush’.

ew Charlottesville Market is a place man and hydrological attraction, tion, and conveyence. It reclaims a intended to isolate and segregate and es a thriving public space.

MARKET AS ‘PLACE’

PLUGGING INTO TRANSIT CENTER: HUMAN HEADWATERS

INTERSECTION AS CENTER OF HUMAN DENSITY

MARKET AS ‘PLACE’

The new Charlottesville Market is a place of human and hydrological attraction, collection, and conveyence. It reclaims a slope intended to isolate and segregate and creates a thriving public space.

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Sarah Proposed Schramm City Market From Bloc to Block Party

Maplewood cemetary 150,500 sq ft

Integrates non-commercial community space as a part of the market

Observations of the existing location of Charlottesvilleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s City Market reveal that the space poorly accommodates the market. While the parking lot block currently hosting the market is conveniently located for the downtown community and enforces a density that helps maintain activity, the location suffers because of lack of space that can be claimed by people who are waiting, eating, resting, playing (public space), and the lack of amenities like shade, benches, drinking fountains. Charlottesvilleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s other urban commercial plaza-type space, the adjacent Downtown Mall, shares a similar lack of accommodation for the person who is not actively buying or selling. Both places are arranged as tightly-packed commercial areas with the space remaining nearly exclusively dedicated to thoroughfares that corral potential consumers from vendor to vendor. My proposal for the new City Market interdigitates commercial space with space for people not actively consuming (public space). Intertwining attractive places to rest, talk, eat, and play, with vendors creates a vibrant hybrid space that strengthens the attractiveness of both components. This alternative setting encourages people to stay, enjoy, and exchange rather than get in and get out. Further extending the duration of the market experience, I propose stretching the market along Garrett Street (parallel to and three blocks south of the Mall, ~0.4 miles long) with nodes on either end. With improved pedestrian connections between Garrett Street and the Mall, the new market on Garrett will not only extend the pedestrian experience of the market, but also that of the downtown. The proposed market has three primary characters: Market West will host a covered market (seasonally active) and park with earthwork amphitheater seating and stage; Market East will host an indoor market (year-round), plaza, community center, community garden, and playground; and the Market Walk that connects the two will have live-work housing on the south side (currently Friendship Court) and temporary market on the north side. Garrett Street, currently a two-lane road with parallel street parking on both sides, will narrowed by filling in half of the parking spaces with mini parks encouraging an active and social street life.

33,000 sq ft Lee Park 48,000 sq ft

Downtown Mall 165,000 sq ft

Stretches the market into a district, increasing duration of market experience

mmercial

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Jackson Park 17,500 sq ft

Market West 25,000 sq ft

Downtown Pavillion 33,000 sq ft

Market Walk 72,500 sq ft

Market East 96,500 sq ft

Oakwood Cemetary 626,000 sq ft

0.1

0.5

Miles

Market East is further developed to reinforce teaching, learning, playing, engaging, watching, eating, repairing, growing, and exchanging. The indoor market, two community buildings, and a berm frame three sides of the central plaza; the fourth opens to the street and meets the existing bike cooperative, community garden (proposed), and playground (proposed). The plaza varies in ground surface material (paving, lawn, wooden bridge, tall grasses) and shape (level, mounded, sunken), enclosure (building, walls, berms, tall grasses, grove) and canopies (solid, slatted, vegetated) to create a variety of microclimates that will appeal to a range of people in a range of climatic conditions.

Multiple Park Conditions

Multiple Market Conditions

Indoor Market Dimensions: 16,000 sq. ft. Vendors: 90 (max) Vendor space: 8’ x 6’ Amenities: Indoors (can be climate-controlled), Seating (patio furniture, adjacent park), Electricity, Lights, Public bathrooms

Covered Market

Plaza Canopy: Sun, Constructed Ground: Paved (dry) Enclosure: Minimal Seating: Furniture

Park Dimensions: 200’ x 25’ (5000 sq. ft.) Vendors: 30 (max) Vendor space: Tables 8’ x 3’, Behind counter 8’ x 4’ shared Amenities: Roof (dry, shady), Paved floor (dry, flat), Storage (tables and chairs), Seating (window ledges, adjacent park)

Temporary Market

Canopy: Variable (Sun, Vegetated) Ground: Turf (wet or dry), Paved (dry) Enclosure: Some (vegetation, earthwork) Seating: Turf, Amphitheater, Mounds, Stage, Benches

Playground

Dimensions: Variable Vendors: 74 (max) Vendor space: 20’ x 9’ (one parking spot) Amenities: Removable canopy (dry, shade), Paved ground (dry), Seating (adjacent mini parks)

Canopy: Variable (Sun, Vegetated) Ground: Turf (wet or dry) Enclosure: Earthwork walls on two sides Seating: Turf, Mounds, Benches, Play equipment

Community garden Canopy: None (Sun) Ground: Turf, gravel, wood, variable vegetation (wet or dry) Enclosure: Fence Seating: Benches, Swings

Map of Public Space Full market day

Wooded Partial and non-market day

Canopy: Vegetated Ground: Mulch, Stone, Understory plants (wet or dry) Enclosure: Vegetation and earthwork Seating: Benches

Parking lot Open for lingering Open for exchange Not open to public

Canopy: Variable (Sun, Vegetated) Ground: Permeable pavement (dry) Enclosure: Minimal Seating: Benches

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Chris Woods

Micro-Climate Market

micro + mesoscale site selection

site analysis

for thermally performitve market spaces

aspect. The aspect of a slope refers to the prevailing compass direction which the slope faces (e.g., east, southeast, etc.). Aspect sunlight hits the surface and thus its total heat balance. East facing slopes benefit from early sun exposure in the morning while being protected from the hot afternoon sun. South and west facing slopes warm earliest in the spring and during freezes north facing slopes

400’

south facing slopes.*

south southwest west

elevation.

Relative elevation refers to the position of a site based on its relative surroundings.

400’

Sinking air displaces warmer air to higher elevations producing thermal inversions and thermal belts. Above these relatively warm belts, air temperature again decreases at an average rate of 3.6°F/1,000 feet of increase in elevation. The sinking, cold air collects in low-lying areas and can create frost pockets.*

400’

0’ 0’

1900

420

200

470

WH/m2

Feet

area solar radiation

slope. The slope is the inclination or declination that a parcel of land varies from the horizontal. A slight to moderate slope is desirable because it accelerates the drainage of cold air. As mentioned earlier, cold air is denser than warm air and, much like a fluid, will tend to flow downhill. Generally, the steeper the slope, the faster cold air will drain downhill, assuming there are no barriers to air movement.*

400’

0’

sun angles 65

percent

map data from: City of Charlottesville GIS Datasets 2010-2007 *derived from “Mesoscale Site Selection: Elevation and Topography” Wolf & Boyer, Virginia Cooperative extension , Virginia Tech, and Virginia State University. 2009

wind temperature CONNECTION BETWEEN MARKET PROGRAM AND DESIGN INTENTION A large body of knowledge in thermal performance currently exists within the market community; resources such as the Virginia Cooperative Extension detail techniques for evaluating agricultural sites based on aspect, solar exposure, slope, elevation, and other climatic. jun 20This area of research is not exclusive to agriculture and has been written about extensively in terms of meteorology (Gieger, Oke), (Brown, Rham, Olgayey), landscape arjun architecture 20 chitecture (Marsh, Sullivan, Church) and urban planning (Lynch, summer Knowles, Erell ). Building on this body of knowledge this project utilizes existing site conditions coupled with formal strategies of elevation, slope and constructed gradients to choreograph vendor and consumer movements. The flexibility and imbedded choice of the inhabitants leave the door open for ingenuity, invention and adaptation over time leading to the strong character and uniqueness of the Charlottesville dec 22city market. 1

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0’

southeast

POSITION/SITE READING The Charlottesville city market is a venue for direct exchange between local growers and local consumers. The market offerings change with the seasons, as does the experience of the market— from brutally hot solar radiation of parking lot asphalt to the cold gusts of late fall and early spring north west winds. While we can appreciate the market’s utilization of an asphalt parking lot during its off hours we should also expect better experiential qualities in our public space. PROPOSITION This project conceptually embraces this seasonality while maintaining a fixed spatial layout. It does so through the shifting location of vendor and consumer functions in response to heat, light and air movement. The profile, angle and materials of the market’s canopies and ground planes are catalysts for social gathering and movement relative to the construction of microclimates. These slightly tilted planes and surfaces create comfortable outdoor spaces; they extend the seasons—stretching the comfort of autumn into the late summer and early winter, of spring into late winter and early summer. Micro‐climatic conditions are a means of public space organization and composition. They can accentuate conditions in order to create place (or poles) for gathering and movement with awareness of the diurnal and seasonal change in the urban environment. This intervention does not reinforce a homogenous condition or static character. It seeks to increase awareness and understanding of change and specific properties of material, light, and movement. Space is conceived through its properties and its seasonal and diurnal change; it’s perceived and experienced as relationsional, contingent and fluctuating. The new market district is sited south of the RR tracks near the Belmont bridge. This location was chosen as a means to couple a new public space with current proposals to replace the bridge with an underpass. This new market square creates a shared space at the confluence of multiple neighborhoods and brings the economic development and density of downtown across the divide of the RR tracks.

1 50°

1 95°

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1 65°

temperature

dec 22 jan

feb

mar

apr

may

jun

jul

aug

sep

1 50°

1 95°

SOU T H

1 65° SOU T H

fall

spring

oct

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Friendship Court

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Dani Alexander. James Moore.

Pollocks Branch Market A large urban market has the potential to be a significant part of a city. It not only provides a place where local entrepreneurs can sell their wares, where citizens can find fresh produce but it also can create a vibrant, diverse public space which invigorates parts of the city that surround it, a destination for tourists and locals alike. Though Charlottesville’s market holds this potential too, a permanent site has yet to be established. Instead, the market is relegated to using a parking lot which is barely adequate to host such a large farmers market. What if Charlottesville’s vision for the market went beyond placing a few stalls in a parking lot? What if, instead, the market was part of a district that became a gateway between downtown and the region, an urban lab for capturing and treating stormwater, and a site for additional mixed-income housing.

We propose establishing a market district on the site of the Friendship Court housing project. This site can be redeveloped as early as 2017 and its 11 acres provides an opportunity to bring new life “south of the tracks.” We propose breaking up the mass of the current superblock by extending 4th street and a perpendicular connecter. The market will be located along the northern edge, facing onto Garrett. An interior, permanent market inside a new mixed use structure will open up onto a series of wooded terraces with shed structures and additional room for tents underneath deep canopy. We propose that these terraces become a trailhead to a new multiuse path that connects south to the Rivanna trail. A new bike shop, bicycle storage and outdoor outfitters flank the market site, providing a critical mass for this new entry into Charlottesville’s nearby forest walks. Tunneling under Monticello will open up a new pedestrian access south which will also follow the new stream. When in session, the market will provide an exciting activity to augment the trail riders. When there is not a 34: DRAFT

market, the spaces will provide places to rest, picnic and pause in between the trail and downtown. Most of the stormwater from downtown drains into Pollock’s Branch which is piped through the Friendship Court site. We propose daylighting this stream, creating a new stream valley, and developing a hydrological district where rainwater is captured, treated and returned to the ground in a way that creates a lush and exciting public realm. Finally, Piedmont Housing Alliance has committed to maintaining the 150 affordable units on site. We propose to add additional market rate housing, including options such as artist’s lofts and live/work units to accommodate the diverse new population that will soon live south of downtown and frequent the market.

Vehicular Circulation

Market Logistics

Conditional Access Pedestrian Access

Caption:To molupta tinciis non nos acestio temporiam audaest emporem accuptaepe qui de parciis inctat mi, con re, 35: DRAFT

Mixed-Use Public Restrooms & Storage

Indoor Market Cafe

Mixed-Income Housing

Covered Market Street Market

Bike Trail Seating Grove

Lawn

Community Center

A Performance Plaza

Car Vendor Market

Kitchen Pipe Outflow

Townhomes Mixed-Income Housing

Dirtbike Path

Sloped Lawn

Trail to Mooreâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Creek

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Caption: To molupta tinciis non nos acestio temporiam audaest emporem accuptaepe qui de parciis inctat mi, con re, temolut d

Ginko biloba

Quercus coccinea

Robinia pseudoacacia

Quercus coccinea

Acer rubrum

Amalanchier arborea

Celtis occidentalis

Malus domestica

Platanus occidentalis

Hamamelis virginiana

Echinacea purpura

Aronia arbutifolia

Solidago sp.

Andropogon girardii

Lobelia inflata

Andropogon virginicus

Hamamelis virginiana

Hamamelis virginia Andropogon girardii Alnus serrulata

Andropogon virginicus

Cornus sericea

Rhus typhina

Aronia arbutifolia Andropogon virginicus

Typha sp.

Vaccinium sp. Fleur de lawn

Ginko biloba

Quercus coccinea

Robinia pseudoacacia

Quercus coccinea

Acer rubrum

Amalanchier arborea

Celtis occidentalis

Malus domestica

Platanus occidentalis

Hamamelis virginiana

Aronia arbutifolia

Cornus sericea

Andropogon girardii

Alnus serrulata

Andropogon girardii

Andropogon virginicus

Typha sp.

Andropogon virginicus

Spring/Summer

Aronia arbutifolia

Fall

Spring/Summer

Andropogon girardii

Hamamelis virginiana Rhus typhina

Aronia arbutifolia Vaccinium sp.

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Katherine Cannella Urban Edge

The new City Market performs within the city’s growing network of green infrastructure while creating a new typology of public space for Charlottesville. Sited amidst the mature oaks of Garrett Street, the market landscape is nested within an ecotone, where urban street exterior and “wild” forest interior overlap. It is a landscape that incorporates the ecological edge qualities of resilience, density and diversity, while expanding conventional zoning for urban streetscapes. Influenced by the principles outlined by Richard Foreman in Landscape Ecology, this soft boundary facilitates interaction between the market public space, work-live buildings, and a forest reserve to which humans have limited access. The fingers of the interdigitating edge stretch across and blur the conventional hard edge of urban development. The design heightens the Saturday morning market experience by creating an environment that encourages lingering and engages visitors with a new urban ecology. The concept of the forest reserve builds upon Kristina Hill’s essay, “Urban Ecologies” (2001), following the Downsview Park competition, in which she expounded the necessity for increased biodiversity in the urban realm. The market slips itself into the urban condition while also bringing to the surface and re- engaging the processes that urbanization and politicization have pushed out of sight. Market pavilions, dispersed along four terraces, become extended porches for the public. Rain gardens at the foot of each pavilion provide a node of respite from the bustle of the street. The ground condition shifts between planted and paved edges, providing cues for vendors and the public, and recalling the site’s permanent, but flexible, program. When green infrastructure is combined with public space, a new urban form is created, one that “incorporates” rather than “neutralizes biological networks,” as Gary Strang writes in “Infrastructure As Landscape” (1996). Positioning the City Market along this re- imagined urban edge opens the function of this public space to welcoming and accommodating not only the market’s 5,000 weekly visitors, but also the social and ecological processes vital to a healthy city. 38: DRAFT

432'

434'

436'

438'

440'

442'

444'

446'

448'

450'

452'

TS 436'

BS 434'

TS 440'

BS 438'

BS 442'

BS 450'

TS 452'

TS 444'

430'

454'

456'

+431'

Work-Live Units Work-Live Units Public Restroom Market Central Headquarters

C’ville Canning Cooperative & Community Kitchen

' 34

Garrett Street Public Library

EDGE

FURNISHINGS THROUGHWAY

FRONTAGE

MARKET EDGE

FURNISHINGS

THROUGHWAY

FURNISHINGS

THROUGHWAY

FRONTAGE

LIVE

COLLECT PARK SIT

STROLL STRETCH

EAT

MEET

GATHER

SAVE EDGE

FURNISHINGS

THROUGHWAY

FURNISHINGS

THROUGHWAY

WORK

LEARN FRONTAGE

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Chelsea DeWitt MARKET DISTRICT Historically a hub of light industrial food production, the site of the Friendship Court Housing Project has the potential to once again provide access to live/work opportunities and act as both a new center and thick threshold between Downtown Charlottesville and the Rivanna Trail Network. The proposed district includes a new site for the Downtown Charlottesville Farmersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Market at the corner of Garrett St. and 2nd St., adjacent to live/work units, and a new canning/community kitchen facility. The market is also a public space that acts as an entrance to a park, connecting Downtown with the Rivanna Trail Network through three main paths: The Meander, The Promenade, and The Trail, each with its own character and speed. The district also serves as a model of how green infrastructure can be integrated into the urban fabric of Charlottesville providing improvements in stormwater quantity reduction, stormwater quality, biodiversity, tree diversity, and tree canopy expansion. MARKET MARKET AS PUBLIC SPACE The covered, open-air market is a public place defined by exchange and connection between community members and visitors--socially in the form of a conversation, or commercially on market and festival days. The market itself is situated beneath a pergola walkway covered in vines and adjacent to convenient public spaces to stop to eat and chat with neighbors and friends. The market meander ends in a terrace overlooking the nearby mountains. The space is comfortable in all seasons, shaded from the sun and rain in summer by a large, constructed canopy and heated in the winter by a public hearth. At night, lights illuminate the space with the comforting glow of home. During market hours, vendors set up under the market pergola, which defines the market stalls and adding structure to the market space. Electricity and water is available to all vendors at their stalls. Restrooms and water are also available for visitors. MARKET AS THRESHOLD The location of the new market, on a terrace at the high point of the site allows for visual connections to both the Downtown Mall and out to Carters Mountain and Monticello, situating the market in itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s particular context as a window out into the agricultural 42: DRAFT

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Harriett Jameson + Asa Eslocker / LAR7010 / Fall 2012

Asa Eslocker Harriett Jameson Gradient Markets

Position Charlottesville is a divided city. On one hand, it is culturally rich with abundant natural resources and a proud history tied to the Jeffersonian ideals of democracy and equality of opportunity. On the other hand, the physical and social structures of the city obstruct these ideals by exacerbating issues of race and income disparity, manifested in inequitable access to nutritious food, natural, and cultural resources. The division within Charlottesville is readily apparent at the current City Market, which primarily serves only those who can afford to shop there or can physically endure its steep slopes, lack of shelter, and public amenities.

The proposal spatializes the complex entanglement of flows, topography, materials, programs, and, ultimately people into a new market that incites unexpected encounters and unlikely juxtapositions. The market is located at the center of several paths characterized by different residents of the city. The chance meetings created by this dynamic movement of neighbors across the landscape and market will compel a daily recognition of the otherâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; people from other neighborhoods, other age groups, other races, other walks of lifeâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;and foster a sense of empathy through the ed an embedded social division favoring highs over lows, North analysis : A DIVIDED over South, and theCITY social segregation. Further, the physical shared experience of a common place (we are drawingurban on the The physical + social structures of Charlottesville exacerbate issues of race + income disparity, manifested in inequitable access to features ensconcing Friendship Court have shaped a walled-off writings of Richard Sennett). nutritious food, natural, + cultural resources. mega-block with steep edges, tall fences, few access points, and a At the center of the tangle is the City Market, the orienting back- public housing strategy that perpetuates the social and economic bone of the site, and at the heart of the market is a tableâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;the divide south of the railroad. space at which the public joins together in communion. It is a shared place around which citizens mutually orient themselves, The 4th Street Market seeks to address the divided social culture a common ground to regularly meet, maintain and refresh shared and inaccessible City Market in Charlottesville by restructuring relationships, to engage in dialogue, create and replenish our Friendship Court as a pedestrian-friendly and equitable mixed communal identity. The City Market becomes not just a weekly income neighborhood with the City Market at its core. This missource of physical nourishment for the body but the everyday site sion begins by extending 4th Street and Hinton Street through the of a social feast that can be carried with us throughout our lives. center of the site, connecting it to the heart of both downtown Charlottesville and Belmont. Paths and processes of human circulation from the adjacent neighborhoods and through Friendship Site reading, market location and urban design strategy: The existing Friendship Court public housing complex is symp- Court inform a underlying design strategy based on daily movetomatic of the urban spatial structure of the city that has creat- ment patterns. 46: DRAFT

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Brian Flynn + Jung Breaking Down Barriers

Our proposal creates a new market district along Garrett Street. We believe this market district has the ability to catalyze the creation of a new city center for Charlottesville: one that integrates, connects and re-vitalizes traditionally neglected areas of the city. Based on a live/work regime, our market district uses Fourth Street to vertically integrate this new center with the existing Downtown Pedestrian Mall. Conceptually we view the market district as a theater with choreographed daily, weekly and yearly rituals of activity. Collectively, its three main areas, the Promenade, the Stage and the Orchestral Grove, act as a seam between the topographic, the demographic and the scenographic in Charlottesville and as a connector between the disconnected public spaces in the city. These areas are linked by their use of both rainwater as a resource and the urban forest as a space-making tool. Both are the seeds around which the new market district will grow. The Promenade is the main processional into the market theater and the main public space that ties the market district together. The Promenade inverts the existing crown in Garrett Street and allows for infiltration of rainwater through a set of modular water treatment strips. The Stage is the main performance area where both rainwater and a permanent, daily indoor market are exhibited for the City. The stage incorporates an artificial canopy and a sloped rake for rainwater harvesting and a new market structure and parking garage.

The Orchestral Grove is the conductor that drives the theater and the large public park containing a temporary weekend market. The OG uses existing geometries to weave together the urban fabrics of Belmont and Downtown. Tree density, spacing and regularity coupled with a shaped, permeable ground plane create the varied spaces that define the OG. The OG harvests rainwater to support the tree growth and to activate the water plazas during large storm events. Regeneration and phased plantings create market areas that continually shift between the three market terraces dependent upon the growth of the canopy. 50: DRAFT

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Hong Clump

(rigid)

vendor table

Clump

(flow)

temporary parking

Knuckle Market- sculpting topography

Vendor truck circulation + Table layout

(120 room available on market day)

Canopy

(Surface)

(Open only on Market day)

Street tree (20’W x 35’H)

Project intention:

Knuckle is a topographic metaphor for the natural hydraulic system of Friendship court, which connects the two watersheds that serve downtown Charlottesville. The one watershed coming from high ground in the North, the other from the low elevation points in the South. In between these watersheds, infiltrated runoff and collected stormwater is used to irrigate the farmland on the site in addition to providing a communal habitat for animals and humans.

Watershed

recreational corridor Garden tree

Pedestrian circulation

Low canopy+ understory

(12ft wide)

(10’W x 20’H)

(Line)

Commercial: (6 to 8 restaurant/ bar/ cafe/ teahouse) Mix-used: (workshop/outdoorclassroom/cooking/ storage/ drop-off point )

+ HP

recreational center + LP

Housing:

+ HP + HP + LP

40 units

+ HP

Organic food spot

Vehicle circulation + Zoning

+ HP

(vehicle and bicycle shared)

+ HP

+ LP

Site

Hedge

(2’ to 4’H)

Garage (Vehicle entrance) Club terrace (activity center) Shrub (Point)

+ LP

Atrium (Residence entrance) B

recreational corridor

Hard materials:

Watershed

Framework plan 1”=400’

Site plan 1”=100’

Soft materials:

Programmatic structure strategy

Material strategy

(Planting+ Ground)

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housing vate sp tional a

Pedestrian circulation

Low canopy+ understo

(12ft wide)

Commercial: (6 to 8 restaurant/ bar/ cafe/ teahouse) Mix-used: (workshop/outdoorclassroom/cooking/ storage/ drop-off point ) A

Housing:

40 units C

Vehicle circulation + Zoning (vehicle and bicycle shared)

Garage (Vehicle entrance)

Club terrace (activity center)

Shr A

(Po

Atrium (Residence entrance) B

corridor

”=400’

Site plan 1”=100’

Site plan 1”=50’

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Hard materials:

Watershed

Framework plan 1”=400’

Site plan 1”=100’

Soft materials:

Programmatic structure strategy

Material strategy

(Planting+ Ground)

A-A section 1”=32’

Programs in the Morning

Dancing,Yoga, Workout

Programs from Afternon to Evening

Dancing,Yoga, Workout

Farming, Planting tutorials, Running, Biking, Resting

Farming, Garden tour

Running, Biking, Resting

Picnic, Hide and Seek

Sunbathing, skateboarding, Football, Soccer, Kite flyinig, Frisbee

Cooking, workshop, Grove cafe and tea drinking, eating, outdoor classroom

Indoor cafe and tea

Street cafe and tea

Music, Picnic, Hide and Seek

Public art, social gathering Music festival, outdoor film,

Cooking, workshop, BBQ drinking, eating, outdoor classroom

Drinking, Eating

Street Bar

B-B section 1”=32’ Shady area in the Morning Shady area from Afternon to Evening

LAR7010-8010-Meyer-Cho-FAL201

Knuckle Market- sculpting topography

Caption: To molupta tinciis non nos acestio temporiam audaest Market intention: emporem accuptaepe qui de parciis inctat mi, con re, temolut d Using terraces as a module and varying them in scales and relationships to one another, Friendship Court consists of both 56: DRAFT

housing and market space, but always utilizes a consistent language across typologies. Where the gradient of public and private space become ambiguous the dynamism of the space increases, accommodating a diversity of recreational, educational and agricultural activities for people in different seasons.

Programs in the Morning

Dancing,Yoga, Workout

Farming, Planting tutorials, Running, Biking, Resting

Picnic, Hide and Seek

Running, Resting Music, Picnic, Hide and Dancing,Yoga, Court Farming,consists Garden Programs from Afternon to Evening Using terraces as a module and varying them in scales and relationships to one another, Friendship ofBiking, both Seek Workout tour housing and market space, but always utilizes a consistent language across typologies. Where the gradient of public and private space become ambiguous the dynamism of the space increases, accommodating a diversity of recreational, educational and agricultural activities for people in different seasons.

Sunbathing, skateboarding, Football, Soccer, Kite flyinig, Frisbee

Cooking, workshop, Grove cafe and tea drinking, eating, outdoor classroom

Indoor cafe and tea

Street cafe and tea

Public art, social gathering Music festival, outdoor film,

Cooking, workshop, BBQ drinking, eating, outdoor classroom

Drinking, Eating

Street Bar

Shady area in the Morning Shady area from Afternon to Evening

LAR7010-8010-Meyer-Cho-FAL2012_Hongfat Wu

Knuckle Market- sculpting topography

Market intention: Using terraces as a module and varying them in scales and relationships to one another, Friendship Court consists of both housing and market space, but always utilizes a consistent language across typologies. Where the gradient of public and private space become ambiguous the dynamism of the space increases, accommodating a diversity of recreational, educational and agricultural activities for people in different seasons.

C-C section 1”=4’

(Non Market day)

C-C section 1”=4’

(Non Market day)

C-C section 1”=4’

(On Market day)

Site plan 1”=50’

C-C section 1”=4’

(On Market day)

Site plan 1”=50’

D-D section 1”=4’

(Non Market day)

section 1”=4’ D-D section D-D 1”=4’ (On Market day)

(Non Market day)

LAR7010-8010-Meyer-Cho-FAL2012_Hongfat Wu

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Dasha Lebedeva

City Market Metabolisms

Dasha Lebedeva | Landscape Metabolisms “Man lives by nature. This means that nature is his body with which he must remain in perpetual process in order not to die.” - Marx, 1982 “Metabolic circulation, then is the socially mediated process of environmental, including technological, transformation and trans-configuration, through which all manner of ‘agents’ are mobilized, attached, collectivized, and networked.” - Swyngedow

This proposal is predicated on the conception of the city as a “socio-environmental process” and envisioned as a “metabolic” system that is subject to flows, processes, transformation, and disturbance events. The site is situated at the edge of several conditions – at the edge of a low-income neighborhood and between two urban fields, separated from the economic and social life of the mall by a rail corridor. Water collected from the mall and surrounding neighborhoods is piped under the site.

w tre ast at ew m at en er t

tra

shelter, shade, social interaction, water

ea tin g dig es tio

ns p cle ort an in co g ok in g

ge an

shade, water, amenities, seating

ex ch

sun, water, soil nutrients, cultivation

ltiv a ha tio rv n e so st rtin cle g an in tra g ns po rt

Daylighting the stream, water is filtered and absorbed, metabolizing wastes and sediments. The processes of water in the constructed stream valley parallel and connect with those of the food systems. The daily spatial experience of urbanized nature starts in the dwellings and progresses through the systems of food production, consumption and transformation on the site.

Man lives by nature. This means that nature is his body with which he must remain in perpetual process in order not to die.” - Marx, 1982 “Metabolic circulation, then is the socially mediated process of environmental, including technological, transformation and transcon- figuration, through which all manner of ‘agents’ are mobilized, attached, collectivized, and networked.” - Swyngedow This proposal is predicated on the conception of the city as a “socio-environmental process” and envisioned as a “metabolic” system that is subject to flows, processes, transformation, and disturbance events. The site is situated at the edge of several conditions – at the edge of a low-income neighborhood and between two urban fields, separated from the economic and social life of the mall by a rail corridor. Water collected from the mall and surrounding neighborhoods is piped under the site. Daylighting the stream, water is filtered and absorbed, metabolizing wastes and sediments. The processes of water in the constructed stream valley parallel and connect with those of the food systems. The daily spatial experience of urbanized nature starts in the dwellings and progresses through the systems of food production, consumption and transformation on the site.

edibles grown on local farms watershed market

human consumer

kitchen table

edibles grown on site waste

landfill

animal consumer m dig icro es bia tio l n m ixin g

compost

n tio al es ers dig isp d ed

llin

at io

rainfall

n tio ec co ll

ru n

off ev ap ot filt ran ra spir tio a n tio

shelter, shade, water

pipe

biofilter

settling pond

tra

cle

filt

sin

ra tio

re te nt io

basin

e an vap sin otr an g

cle n

watershed

re te nt ra io tio n n

filt

ira tio

n irrigation

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Yoyo Li

FOODPORT MARKET

Foodport Market

LAR 7010 You Li

-Activate the Food Infrastructure Farm

Grocery Store with SNAP

Meat Processing

In the historical course, humans speed up and slow down the time of growing, processing and getting food. As J.B. Jackson wrote in the word itself, A landscape represents man taking upon himself Local Food Hub Foodport the role of time. Humans speed up and slow down time when they teach con- struct landscape. Landscape is a background infrastructure Market that supports daily life. This sets the stage for my arguement is that food itself can be a structure, a system and an infrastructure get tokens School that connects different groups of people, different orgainisations, different kinds of food resources, thus generates different public Diversify the race of space. potential customers Community The new market functions as a port where food is introduced and SNAP Gardens circulated. The foodport market will activate the regional food inLanguage Center Eligible frastructure and bring a sense of security to the low-income peoPeople ple. Hence, the community gardens should be an essential part of Low maintenance the new market. I am interested in improving the life conditions of the low-income people of Char- lottesville. In the urban frameProposed work plan, I target two food deserts that has the highest popLocal Restaurants Existing ulation percentage of SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) eligible peple. I propose the low-income peopleInofthe the historical course, humans speed up and slow down the time of growing, processing two food deserts will grow food in the community gardens and and getting food. As J.B. Jackson wrote in the word itself, A landscape represents man takget tokens to purchase other items in the market. The green infraing upon himself the role of time. Humans speed up and slow down time when they constructure, such as collecting water, will lower the maintence costlandscape. Landscape is a background infrastructure that supports daily life. This sets struct for them. I also want to involve other par- ticipants, such the as resistage for my arguement is that food itself can be a structure, a system and an infrastrucdents onsite, local restaurants and language center. Prepared food ture that connects different groups of people, different orgainisations, different kinds of food of different countries will be made in the new market, which resources, thus generates different public space. transforms the market into an 4.4% of SNAP The market functions as a port where food is introduced and circulated. The foodport outdoor classroom, a new public place. In this way, children andnew a diversity of races can be market will activate the regional food infrastructure and bring a sense of security to the attracted to the new market. low-income people. Hence, the community gardens should be an essential part of the new ELIGIBLE market. I am interested in improving the life conditions of the low-income people of CharMarket is a public place to circulate food and provide food for peolottesville. In the urban framework plan, I target two food deserts that has the highest popple. The dashed line is the existing relationship in the current city ulation percentage of SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) eligible peple. I market. The most important relationship is between farms and propose the low-income people of the two food deserts will grow food in the community the market. There are over 40 farms serving for the current margardens and get tokens to purchase other items in the market. The green infrastructure, such ket. The distance as collecting water, will lower the maintence cost for them. I also want to involve other parin between varies from 7 miles to over 80 miles. Transportation is 62: DRAFT

ticipants, such as residents onsite, local restaurants and language center. Prepared food of different countries will be made in the new market, which transforms the market into an 4.4% of SNAP outdoor classroom, a new public place. In this way, children and a diversity of races can be

ELIGIBLE

mil

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NiNi

Breaking Down Barriers

structure to make hierarchical space in the urban forest and detail in the friendship court as a major place for market and park. And also the temporal change of planted form and ground moisture as flexible framework for urban market.

This design intends to break down the barriers by the vague terrain surrounding the railway by inserting an area of urban forest in downtown area. My vision for the forest is to form a active public green space for people to buy food, to relax, to exercise, thus connects the isolated surrounding neighborhoods, the low-income housing area and the privatized-public space in downtown mall. In ecological aspects, it will help collecting the rainwater of the city and help to build comfortable microclimate in this area. Focusing on spatial structure of planted form as an urban design device: both horizontal and vertical layer, I will use different tree patterns and some built structure to make hierarchical space in the urban forest and detail in the friendship court as a major place for market and park. And also the temporal change of planted form and ground moisture as flexible framework for urban market.

market program 35 20

permenate market 60 vendors

fruits&vegetables

meats

art&craft herbs&plants&flowers prepared food

logistic diagram

market program 35 20

permenate market 60 vendors

fruits&vegetables

temporary market 40 vendors

25 bakery&dairy meats

art&craft herbs&plants&flowers prepared food

logistic diagram

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temporary market 40 vendors

25 bakery&dairy

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ROOF GARDEN

ROAD

LAKE

MARKET

PARKING

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PLAZA

LAKE

MARKET

RESIDENTIAL PARKING

+428

ROOF GARDEN

ROOF PATH

+426

FOREST PARK

PLAZA

MARKET

ROAD

RESIDENTIAL

ROAD

RESIDENTIAL

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WATER FLOW

Jessie Zhong

Infiltration Market WATER GRADIENT Dry

JPEG. NO USABLE TEXT

Community Garden

Rain Garden

EXISTING CONDITION

Seasonal Pond

STORMWATER FLOW Wet

ZONING HOUSING

NEW MARKET

PLANT FORM

CIVIC PARK WATERSCAPE

Lee Park

6th

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Street

Downtown Mall

Water st. Parking Garage

WATER FLOW

Stre et

Charlottesville

nt ic

Friendship Court

Garrett St reet

Av e.

2nd

WATER GRADIENT Dry

4th Street Jackson Park

Courthouse

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MARKET DAY

1”=8’

WATER INPUT ROOF WATER/ STORM WATER

MARKET & PUBLIC SPACE

INDOOR MARKET

NON-MARKET DAY

CAFE’

PAVILION MARKET OUTDOOR CAFE’

ROAD

WATERSCAPE PERFORM SPACE

MARKET/CIVIC ACTIVITY

INDOOR MARKET ROAD

GREEN ROOF

PATH

STEP PLAZA/SPRING PLAZA

SEASONAL PONDS

1”=8’

WATER OUTPUT

WATERSCAPE/IRRIGATION/DAILY WATER

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GARR ET

T ST.

CSA PICK-UP SPOT COMMUNITY GARDENS CSA PICK-UP

WORKSHOPS

STEP PLAZA

MARKET OFFICE

MULTI-FAMILY COMMUNITY

SINGLE-FAMILY COMMUNITY

CSA PICK-UP

RENT

PAVILION MARKET PAVILION & STREET MARKET everyday market 7am-1pm

SPRING PLAZA INDOOR MARKET

SEASONAL PONDS INDOOR MARKET

MO NT IC EL LO

INDOOR MARKET everyday market 9am-6pm

AV E.

MO NT IC EL LO

AV E.

SINGLE-FAMILY COMMUNITY

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Downtown Mall

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Lingyi Gu + Isaac Hametz

The formal language of this proposal uses variations in center and edge to create spatial relationships between public/private, roof/mall, and active/rest conditions. By defining, thickening, breaking, and bisecting center and edge our design orders and orients space for experiential impact. For each designed roof - the Market Street Garage, City Hall, and the Parks and Recreation building a different center-edge strategy is deployed. By adapting a single design concept to specific site conditions, we hope to create a responsive sense of unity throughout the rooftop development district. Concept Diagrams

Hyrologic Commons

The Downtown Mall and the City Market are two of Charlottesvilleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s most important economic and social aggregators. However, despite their physical proximity they fail to leverage each others popularity. This proposal seeks to integrate the market and the mall to create a dynamic, layered, multi-use public space and development district that can enhance Charlottesvilleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s urban fabric and create new opportunities downtown by recasting the roofs of the downtown mall as viable and vital urban space. To achieve our goals we developed a phasing strategy and design guidelines that work to strengthen and support existing roof activity, while setting the stage for future growth. In phase one, the City Market is relocated to the roof of the Market Street Garage, a publicly owned building adjacent to City Hall and the only building downtown with a green roof. The Market Street Garage is also across from the Commonwealth Restaurant and Skybar - a highly popular destination for food and drink with rooftop seating and entertainment. In addition to the outstanding views this location provides of Monticello and the countryside, siting the market within this existing activity zone helps concentrate and prove the viability of rooftops as vital urban space. In phase two, we augment this activity zone by establishing an urban farm on the roof of another adjacent public building - the Parks and Recreation building and by enhancing City Hallâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s green roof through paths and planted form. In phase three, the lessons learned from phase one and two are deployed as design guidelines for private interest investment in the mall. By testing and proving the viability of the roof in phase one and two, we hope to create fertile ground for future growth in phase three. With over 13 acres of roof space, the Downtown Mall is poised to expand its role as an economic and social aggregator in the city. Weaving together the market and the mall is the key to making this a reality. The formal language of this proposal uses variations in center and edge to create spatial relationships between public/private, roof/ mall, and active/rest conditions. By defining, thickening, breaking, 76: DRAFT

(a)

(b)

Strategy: Single story commerical acitivty (a) is transformed and augmented by layered muli-use, rooftop activity (b)

(a)

(b)

(c)

Design: Variable center-edge relationships: (a) the Market Street Garage, (b) City Hall, and (c) the Parks and Recreation Building

and bisecting center and edge our design orders and orients space for experiential impact. For each designed roof - the Market Street Garage, City Hall, and the Parks and Recreation building a different center-edge strategy is deployed. By adapting a single design concept to specific site conditions, we hope to create a responsive sense of unity throughout the rooftop development district.

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Luhan Zhou Edible Gardens

Today, most low income people live in the south part of the city, while high income people live in the north. My design is about to break the social boundary between south and north of the railway track by creating an urban agriculture corridor along Second street, providing not only fresh food for the City Market, but also jobs, education and recreation programs for different classes. The urban agriculture corridor stretches from pollocks branch through schenks branch all the way to redesigned McIntire Park. It reconnects two watersheds and ecological systems which were broken by the city development in the past. Thus, this urban agriculture corridor becomes a green ecological corridor running through the city center. Central Place on Mall will be the center of the new City Market, which stretches north to Market street and south to South street West along the agriculture corridor. By integrating edible gardens, public space and City Market in this new market district, the design create a multi-functional space in the city center which not only functions as a production exchange space, but serves as a green space of public life.

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2nd Street

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2) planted form

commercial building

sidewalk

planting strip

dry road

parking/loading/trash gutter wet curb

wet sidewalk

power

curb gutter

A backbone network is a type of computational infrastructure that connects various sub-networks, allowing them to communicate between one another. This proposal applies the concept to structure a market district along 2nd Street, transecting the contemporary regulatory and institutional segregation of downtown that curates a pedestrian mall at the expense of other uses. By using the fundamental infrastructure of distribution - streets, parking lots, loading docks, power, water - to organize a larger and more diverse network of market spaces, the market may become more accessible, adaptable, and resilient, with the belief that space becomes more public when it can accommodate a diversity of uses, individuals, and forms. As 2nd Street intersects the pedestrian mall it disrupts the most extreme example of privatization of our public right-of-way, breaking down hard boundaries with ramps, public seating, and an increased diversity of commercial activity and tree species. The backbone does not attempt to homogenize downtown, but instead reflects and is shaped by itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s perpendicular context, inviting movement and confrontation between districts that are often experienced in isolation to one another. The locus of activity occurs in a new, multifunctional, market garage, understanding parking lots to be the base infrastructure for American farmers markets, and the parking garage as the ultimate urban expression of that form.

1) urban fabric

3) water 4) logistics/movement 5) power proposed

tire stops bollards

Backbone Market

design material existing

parking

Isaac Cohen. Micheal Geffel.

context, inviting movement and confrontation between districts that are often experienced in isolation to one another. The locus of activity occurs in a new, multifunctional, market garage, understanding parking lots to be the base infrastructure for American farmers markets, and the parking garage as the ultimate urban expression of that form.

power

pedestrian vehicular logistics

ecological market areas water gradients

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Associates proposed a network of streets and

and alleys, all connected by a central public space

ys adjacent to the Downtown mall. These side

that assures amenities of rest and pause.

Jake Fox. Gwen McGinn. ets would have diversified the public spaces; they Incremental Alleys and exploration. ld have allowed for adaptation

The current farmerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;sin market createsis temporary is proposal, a Charlottesville diversification spaces alleys in a parking lot on Saturday mornings. The tight spaces are and maintain osed lively through the inclusion of service alleys

a quality of the unexpected. In this proposal the temporary out-

door market will be situated a permanent indoor market. ublic space. Alleys exist beside in Charlottesville, and

It will shift from a similar parking lot typology on the same lo-

cation toof thesubtle streets and interior alleys that as these is ide places excitement asarea created threshold blocks densify and develop. What stays constant during thewhich transitionare from surface parking as to sed between the streets accepted the density of a developed urban block will be a central plaza and

intersection of South street and street ic andshared the streets. alleysThewhich seem to have noFirst single will provide a steady place to gather and rest in

er butthe present gradient to will private midsts of aacity market andof thepublic intersection serve as a threshold from the downtown to a developing warehouse district endingsouth on oftheir size and materiality. the train tracks.

The existing primary public space of Charlottesville, the Downtown Mall, provides a linear space with subtle differences along itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s datum. As it is becomes increasingly privatized its only public function is as a place of movement; it is losing its places to gather and pause. The initial design by Lawrence Halprin and Associates proposed a network of streets and alleys adjacent to the Downtown mall. These side streets would have diversified the public spaces; they would have allowed for adaptation and exploration. In this proposal, a diversification in spaces is proposed through the inclusion of service alleys as public space. Alleys exist in Charlottesville, and provide places of subtle excitement as a threshold is crossed between the streets which are accepted as public and the alleys which seem to have no single owner but present a gradient of public to private depending on their size and materiality. As Charlottesville increases its density, this proposal provides a plan to allow for dense private structures as well as public amenities and diverse public spaces. These two blocks will exist as a threshold between the Downtown Mall and an extended market district south of the railroad tracks. The first step of implementation would be bounded by two structures. Between these two buildings is a public space that provides 90: DRAFT

Caption: To molupta tinciis non nos acestio temporiam audaest emporem accuptaepe qui de parciis inctat mi, con re, temolut d benches and tables that are embedded into the ground plane as well as a diversity of shade provided by the canopy of trees. This proposal shapes the private development of the blocks. Parcel lines are drawn and the spatial qualities of the alleys are described. The exact form of each alley will be determined in time as the blocks are developed, but small parcels encourage diversity in spaces and a relatively dense network of alleys. The alleys will include the back doors of businesses that face the street, but they will also provide front doors to micro-businesses that bring excitement and layered purposes to the spaces between loading docks and service doors. As the block develops, the market will shift and adjust, but will never leave the block. Eventually it will be a market in the streets and alleys, all connected by a central public space that assures amenities of rest and pause.

Alleyways

sense of place inspired by the alleys north of the tracks and the

t NW Stree

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tree

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Foo d Hub

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tree

0’

100’

200’

A BALANCE BETWEEN TWO DISTINCT PLACES As Garrett Street develops it extends the vibrancy of the emerging

STRUCTURE

Warehouse District further east.

Compost Cooperative

SOUTH STREET SQUARE

FURTHER DEVELOPMENT

COMPLETED DEVELOPMENT

South Street Market, Community Kitchen, and Bike Pavilion

The western block densifies. With the addition of one building on the eastern block, South Street Square is Enclosed.

The last buildings Enclose the alleys. This creates a network of varying public spaces.

Food Hub Relay Foods Light Industry

Permanent Market CSA Pickup Restrooms SNAP Booth Market Central 20 Vendors

MARKET

Produce Distribution

Terraced Orchard

A DISTRICT EMERGES

PARKING LOT TYPOLOGY

PLAZA TYPOLOGY

ALLEY TYPOLOGY

The temporary outdoor market will be located at both its current location, but will also shift onto South Street.

The indoor market continues to anchor the outdoor market, as it shifts typologies from a parking lot market to one in a linear plaza.

Eventually the market becomes embedded in the alleys of South Street. The open plaza provides a contrast to the tight alleys.

Community Kitchen & Bicycle Station

The Downtown Mall is no longer a singular public space, but one within a larger network.

LIGHTING

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

warehouse district.

+462

Stree

by the South Street Market creates a

5th

The diversity of public spaces initiated

4th

THE SOUTH STREET MARKET AS AN EXTENDED THRESHOLD

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+484

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National Bike

2nd

SITE PLAN | SCALE 1”= 50’ CHARLOTTESVILLE WAREHOUSE DISTRICT AND PROPOSED EXTENTS OF THE SOUTH STREET MARKET

+471

2nd S

Warehouse District

1st Stree t

Traintracks

MARKET LIGHTING SYSTEM

LIGHTS SHIFT

LIGHTS DISPERSE

In-ground modular LEDs illuminate the vendor stalls, guiding vendors in the placement of tents, etc.

The developing blocks displace the market, and the modular LEDs are relocated to their phase 2 locations.

In phase 3 the market blocks are fully built out, and the modular LEDs are relocated to the new alley spaces.

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472

470

458

468 BW 459

472

BW 458

Boo

TW 462

BW 459 Mar

BS 458.5

ket

Cen

tral

BW 462 TW 464.5 CSA

TS 464.5

Pic

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BS 462

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468

Sou

The site is the current location of the Charlottesville Farmer’s

iconic Halprin Pedestrian Mall, once a spatial stalwart of civic

Market. It is comprised of two city blocks that are currently

engagement and democratic exchange has been over run by the

programed with surface parking. As Charlottesville increases

private interests. Access to shade under the willow oaks must

its density, this proposal provides a plan to allow for dense pri-

be purchased from adjacent restaurants, and only a few public

vate structures as well as public amenities and diverse public

seats remain. Without these places for public pause and shelter,

spaces. These two blocks will exist as a threshold between the

the Mall is relegated to being a space for movement, and not for

Downtown Mall and an extended market district south of the

lingering and deeper, more meaningful engagement.

railroad tracks.

The Mall is a victim of its own success, success that Halprin

Pub

470

Public space in Charlottesville, VA is in a period of decline. The

foresaw and sought to manage. In the Halprin plan for the Mall,

The first step of implementation would be bounded by two

a network of streets, plazas, and alleys created spatial variety

structures: one an indoor, market which includes public bath-

and opportunity for multiple scales and places for civic engage-

rooms, and the other, a community kitchen and bicycle pavilion.

ment. At the current location of the Intelos Pavilion and inte-

Between these two buildings is a public space that provides

grated into the public space network was the proposed C+O

benches and tables that are embedded into the ground plane as

plaza, with space for a Farmers Market, water features, transit

well as a diversity of shade provided by the canopy of trees.

connections, and views to the distant hills of Albemarle. This

Guidelines are provided for the private development of the

multilayered network integration of public and private would

block. Parcel lines are drawn and the spatial qualities of the

have provided a much richer and diversified space for explora-

future alleys are described. The exact form of each alley will

tion and adaptation.

be determined in time as the blocks are developed, but small parcels encourage diversity in spaces and ownership. The loose

th S

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t Bre

usin

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wer

466 TS 464

452

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mun

BS 462

ity B

464

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462 Wel

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argo

Adv

nity

prescription of a dense network of alleys ensures the preser-

the inclusion of semi-public service alleys as intentional pub-

vation of the vernacular richness of downtown without being

lic spaces. Alleys have evolved along with the rest of the urban

overly restricting and deterministic. The alleys will include the

fabric of Charlottesville, providing delivery access for light in-

back doors of businesses that face the street, but they will also

dustries. They are sloping asphalt surfaces whose edges are

provide front doors to micro-businesses that bring excitement

vertically defined by unadorned building facades, perforated

and layered purposes to the spaces between loading docks and

by the various residual garage and delivery doors. These al-

service doors.

leys have been appropriated by their current owners mainly as

icyc

FFE 462 Res

In this proposal, a diversification in spaces is proposed through

Kitch

isor

454 460

temporary repositories for waste and “other” spaces for service

The Charlottesville farmer’s market creates temporary alleys in

industry workers to escape, smoke, and text, along with the

a temporary parking lot on Saturday mornings. The vendor lay-

pragmatic needs for delivery and logistics. The ground of the

out creates tight spaces that are exciting and maintain a quality

alleys hold layered traces of human activity, stained by the oils

of the unexpected and the density of the future developed site. In

of idling trucks and the material overflows from the commercial

this proposal the temporary outdoor market will be situated in a

processes within. The air of the alleys also holds the smells and

parking lot beside the permanent indoor market building and on

sounds of these internal activities, rear windows leak the smells

South Street. A public plaza between both areas provides seat-

of bustling kitchens and a tobacco shop. This contact creates

ing and storm water retention. As the block develops, the mar-

subtle phenomenological excitement as a threshold is crossed

ket will shift and adjust, but will never leave the blocks. Eventu-

between the typical curated engagement with commerce and

ally it will be a market in the streets and alleys, all connected by

the unplanned back of house bustle.

a central public space that assures high quality public amenities and moments of rest, pause, and civic engagement.

456

458

0’

16’

32’

DETAIL PLAN | SCALE 1’ = 1/16” SHARED STREETS AND PUBLIC TABLES AND BENCHES DEFINE THE LINEAR PUBLIC SQUARE BESIDE THE SOUTH STREET MARKET

ALLEY CHARACTER _ MATERIAL TECTONICS

MARKET BLOCKS + ALLEY DEVELOPMENT NATIVE MESIC TREE BOSQUE

STAGHORN SUMAC VOLUNTEERS [Rhus typhinia]

COMMUNITY KITCHEN

TEMPORARY PARKING / INFILTRATION LOT

YEAR 1 POROUS GRASS PAVERS

GABION WALL

INDIVIDUAL DINING TABLE + GABION VENEER BENCH

YEAR 10

FUTURE ALLEY

POROUS GRASS PAVERS

GROUP DINING TABLE + GABION VENEER BENCH

93: DRAFT

David Holzman Bananas Republic

urban framework

BANANAS REPUBLIC BANANAS REPUBLIC

historical framework

ABEL MEEROPOL

ADOPTIVE FATHER OF ROBERT AND MICHAEL ROSENBERG AUTHOR AND COMPOSER OF “STRANGE FRUIT”

Strange Fruit Southern treeS bear a Strange Fruit, blood on the leaveS and blood at the root, black bodieS Swinging in the Southern breeze, Strange Fruit hanging From the poplar treeS. paStoral Scene oF the gallant South, the bulging eyeS and the twiSted mouth, ABEL MEEROPOL Sweet OF andROBERT FreSh, AND MICHAEL ROSENBERG Scent oF magnoliaS ADOPTIVE ,FATHER AUTHOR AND COMPOSER OF “STRANGE FRUIT” oF burning FleSh. then the Sudden Smell

ETHEL AND JULIUS ROSENBERG

EXECUTED 1953

here iS Fruit For the crowS to pluck, Strange Fruit For the rain to gather, For the wind to Suck, For the Sun to rot, For the treeS to drop, Southern treeS bear a Strange Fruit, here iS a Strange and bitter crop. blood on the leaveS and blood at the root, black bodieS Swinging in the Southern breeze, Strange Fruit hanging From the poplar treeS.

Sample plant Palette

paStoral Scene oF the gallant South, the bulging eyeS and the twiSted mouth, Scent oF magnoliaS, Sweet and FreSh, then the Sudden Smell oF burning FleSh.

ETHEL AND JULIUS ROSENBERG

Sample plant Palette Giant Rhubarb Gunnera manicata

600’

anna halprin 0

Weeping Redbud Cercis canadensis

Southern Magnolia Magnolia grandiflora

BILLIE HOLIDAY

POPULARIZES “STRANGE FRUIT” IN 1939

Regeneration BILLIE HOLIDAY

POPULARIZES “STRANGE FRUIT” IN 1939

Regeneration

axel erlandson’s Tree Circus

600’

anna halprin

Snow Banana Ensete glaucum

here iS Fruit For the crowS to pluck, For the rain to gather, For the wind to Suck, For the Sun to rot, For the treeS to drop, here iS a Strange and bitter crop.

Giant Rhubarb Milkweed Gunnera manicata Asclepias syriaca

Snow Banana Darjeeling Banana Ensete glaucum Musa Sikkimensis

Weeping Redbud Weeping Mulberry Cercis canadensis Morus alba

Southern Magnolia Cottonwood Magnolia grandiflora Populus deltoides

Milkweed Asclepias syriaca Forsythia Forsythia × intermedia

Darjeeling Banana Musa Sikkimensis Hardy Banana Musa Basjoo

Weeping Mulberry Morus alba Weeping Norway Spruce Picea abies

Cottonwood Populus deltoides Hardy Gardenia Gardenia jasminoides

axel erlandson’s Tree Circus

inosculated bosque zzz z zzz z zzz Forsythia Forsythia × intermedia

zzz Hardy Banana Musa Basjoo

z z

EXECUTED 1953

Weeping Norway Spruce Picea abies

Hardy Gardenia Gardenia jasminoides

inosculated bosque zzz z zzz z zzz

zzz

z z

urban framework

historical framework

DAVID HOLZMAN * LAR 701-801/MEYER & CHO * FALL 2012

95: DRAFT

Market Organization

MARKET ORGANIZERS MAY DECIDE DENSITY OF ACTIVITY

Plan: 1 NORTH AND SOUTH SIDES OF BENCH-WALLS OFFER THE POSSIBILITY OF ORGANIZING BY MICROCLIMATE

PROPOSED TOPOGRAPHY FOCUSES MARKET-DAY ACTIVITY ON MARKET STREET. MARKET STREET

ROWS AND SECTIONS MAY BE ORGANIZED BY PRODUCT

section: 1 inch = 16 feet

1<%Slope<2 +22

+19 +27

+25

+21

+23

+17

+19

16’

ENTRANCE AT GRADE

bench material explorations 96: DRAFT

ENTRANCE AT GRADE

bench material explorations

1’

97: DRAFT

Katie Jenkins This proposal lays the framework for three new grounds (permeable, perforated, and absorbent) that weave along First Street and provide the organizational structure for the new Charlottesville City Market. Permeable, supporting a diversity of plants, and creating microclimate niches, the amended grounds and their plantings will orchestrate the movement of vendors and buyers and offer local school children an opportunity to participate in market activities and design over an extended season. The new market is sited in the open parking lot bound by First, Second, and Water Streets and its program creates year- round flexible public space. Terraces and thick planting within the frame of a monumental trellis create shaded bays where vendors may set up their stalls during market hours and where the public may sit, gather, or work at permanent tables at other times. The oblique terraces draw visitors from 1st and 2nd streets, through the market, and across the train tracks to a greenhouse, nursery, and novel ecologies study area. A new façade on part of the 2nd Street parking garage welcomes visitors into a public atrium and grocery store on the ground floor and provides access to a garden on the expansive (and currently unused) garage roof. Finally, a seed bank, located in a new building along the western edge of the market, provides classrooms, labs, and the opportunity for the public, farmers, and schools to meet. The planting design of the market is informed by the location of the three new grounds, which correspond to three planting zones. Charlottesville Schools are assigned plots within a zone along First Street and the new market and their students are charged with the selection and sowing of seeds (from a preselected list) to fill each area. In addition to seed selection and planting, students will maintain their plots for the opportunity to sell their produce at the market thereby gaining exposure to commerce and economics as well as horticulture. Over time, as student plots are passed from one class to the next, plantings will shift resulting in a constantly evolving landscape downtown. The new market program offers responsibility and a sense of ownership to Charlottesville’s students (and through them, their families) and results in a public space that is cared for and affected by the community. The space, shaped by the changing plant palette, remains adaptable and may be modified seasonally to reflect the needs of the farmer’s market and the town of Charlottesville. 98: DRAFT

students are charged with the selection and sowing of seeds (from a preselected list) to fill each area. In addition to seed selection and planting, students will maintain their plots for the opportunity to sell their produce at the market thereby gaining exposure to commerce and economics as well as horticulture. Over time, as student plots are passed from one class to the next, plantings will shift resulting in a constantly evolving landscape downtown. The new market program offers responsibility and a sense of ownership to Charlottesville’s students (and through them, their families) and results in a public space that is cared for and affected by the community. The space, shaped by the changing plant palette, remains adaptable and may be modified seasonally to reflect the needs of the farmer’s market and the town of Charlottesville. outdoor classroom + connection to libary

perforated ground

permeable ground

city market + public seating

seed bank, public atrium, classrooms, + science labs

public work space

grocery store

nursery, demonstration garden, + public seating

absorbant ground

Katie Jenkins | 12.2012

vendor parking

6 access to market through seed bank 8 8

vendor seed exchange

6 vendor drop off

5 6

3 5

overflow stalls for peak times 9

vendors w/out drop off needs

9 student stalls

overflow stalls for peak times

99: DRAFT

july 10:00am

dappled - shade deepens as canopy develops

july 1:00pm

even - consistent shade inside buildings

striated - shadows of trellis cables; gaps are filled as vines grow

mottled - an amalgam of patterns created from layered plant heights and textures

july 5pm

mottled - an amalgam of patterns created from layered plant heights and textures

dappled - shade deepens as canopy develops

even

- consistent shade inside buildings

a ground - decomposed granite, (permeable)

100: DRAFT e

winter blue green evergreen foliage

winter dark green evergreen foliage

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rapa

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[ch sta dli ts see fla ] rt in sta h peas ngs es, dli s [bus tomato see flat rt , cherry s in sta ing onions ling [bunch t seed basil] flats star ] ngs in s, sweet seedli pepper head lettuce start , beets, ers, green cucumb peas, carrots ant [bush transpl april plant [radishes]

st as

ea batat

drift - shade trees to provide a meandering walk, shelter the picnic area, and draw pedestrians across the train tracks

screen - plants to provide light shade, and/or division of space without obscuring views; tolerant of compacted thin soils

10 - 25 feet - providing

delicate and dappled shade

enclosure - shelter market bays from wind, rain, and sun

reach

climbing vines

robinia pseudoacacia

windbreak in winter, cooling in summer

3 to 8 feet - transluscent scrim to provide thin enclosure and division of space

edibles

sprawling deciduous fast growing vines to shade bays in summer and allow light through in winter

stooping

ascending

bend

short herbs

dense - tight

rhus typhina

impenetrable foliage

tolerates compacted soil, pollution, and heat

Origanum majorana Fragaria virginiana Vicia faba Ocimum basilicum Brassica rapa var. rapa Ipomoea batatas Capsicum annuum

coarse - broken visibility through leaves and branches

Ficus carica 'Brown Turkey' Vitis coignetiae

herbacious

woody

ea batat

ni pe s en si s 'B lu e in t'

s' ue

' ue

20’

zone

year five [summer] blueberries crowd out little bluestem

ica

Brass

rapa

var.

average plot size: 340 sq ft 100 sq ft for screen and shade 70 sq ft for forage fare 170 sq ft for seasonal edibles

rapa

um 'Fig

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Ceanothus americanus Parthenocissus quinquefolia Campsis Radicans Matelea decipiens Lonicera sempervirens Wisteria frutescens

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Aronia melanocarpa

27’

climbing edible

year ten [summer] perennials replace vegetable crops j. chinensis reaches 10 feet

Juniperus Chinensis ‘Blue Point’

inali

rinus

Lycopersicon lycopersicum Cucumis sativus Pisum sativum Phaseolus vulgaris

Malus x domestica ‘Red Delicious’ Malus x domestica 'Stayman Winesap' Pyrus cordata Diospyros Virginiana

yield: up to 500 lbs of fruit and vegetables sales up to $680

iu in

20’

16.5’

cc Va

gena

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Solan

Oxalis stricta Rosmarinus officinalis Allysum ursinum Origanum vulgare ‘Aureum’ Mentha sachalinensis Cichorus Intybus

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sit vendor stalls

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shade/shelter overflow stalls

vendor load/unload

mingle

display

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sit

plant

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browse/buy

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harv est berr ies

coarse shade summer

summer

people watch

play

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outdoor classroom student market stalls

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da rr ow ii

spring

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show

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fall

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show y wh ite swe bloo etl ms y f rag ran t

spring

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screens heat summer

spring

a t M

ves

har

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spring

leaves turn bright red fall

ica

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april Red Delicious blooms

fall

est

birds fruits w/ showy bright red seeds fall

winter

attract

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ii ow rr da m iu in cc Va

marc

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ors

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i cc

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e ns de

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january J. chinensis 'Blue Point' provides wind break

canopy moves away from the mall both North and South it will become thinner and less constructed eventually giving way to the tree canopy of McIntire Park and the Rivanna trail.

CONNECTION

John Spiess

CAPTURE NORTH / SOUTH CORRIDOR

med along 2nd St. from Lee Park to y east-west flows, space establishing a north-on a variety of levels Urban public must perform e cultural gap defined by theofrailroad including; the creation microclimates, the provision spaceof will be a constructed canopy that he ecosystem Charlottesville market will be formed along 2nd St. from Lee services, cultural connectivity, and the Park to Garrett St. In an area characterized by east-west flows, or market space that will be utilized ability toa northmeet the basic needs of our increasingly establishing south corridor is crucial to bridging the culnights. During the remainder of the tural gap defined by the railroad tracks south of Water St. Marking technologically dependent society. space willThis be a constructed canopy that will create a permacular the traffic. canopy will connect nent indoor/outdoor market space that will be utilized esvilleon including; the public library, Lee Saturday mornings and Wednesday nights. During the remainder of the week it will be a corridor for non-vehicular traffic. This wntown mall with the developing urban canopy will connect the symbolic public spaces of Charlottesville including; the public library, Lee new Park, the historical society and ditionLAR to establishing this cultural 7010/8010: Green Infrastructure as Public Space the downtown mall with the developing urban renewal area south fective systems for managing pleasant of Water St. In addition to establishing a this new cultural corridor the canopy will be provide effective systems hot summers and chilly winters. for managing a 2ND ST. SE

MCINTIRE PARK

COLLECTION

LEE PARK

Public Library

The Mall

ACKS AD TR

RAILR

pleasant microclimate through Charlottesvilleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hot summers and Friendship Court chilly winters. market itself will use a business model that will actively promodel The that will actively promote the mote the cultivation of new vendors and encourage the permanencypermanency of successful vendors. do this 2nd St. will be organized age the ofTosuccessful POLLOCKS BRANCH & into nodes of formal market activity for licensed vendors while the RIVANNA TRAIL nized space intobetween nodes market will of holdformal informal market activity on a first come, first serve basis. In a sense these areas of informal market will be the nurturing grounds while for potential formal marketbetween vendors of the will hold informal r licensed vendors the space future. This invitation to un-licensed vendors will re-introduce tivity competitive on a first come, first serve basis. sense these areas market pricing and diversify market goods In in a a way ďżź to the elements. The organizing strategy for the canopy will that is will more responsive consumers. Licensed vendorsfor looking al market be thetonurturing grounds potential be based onformal the needs of the market, the adjoining buildings and for a permanent foothold will be able to use retail space along this spaces and the microclimatic conditions present along the corrindorscorridor of the future. This invitation un-licensed vendors to establish shops that can be in business to 7 days a week. dor. Outside of market time the space will provide protection from The materials of the ground plane, the canopy overhead and the roduce competitive market pricing and diversify market the elements, free electricity and lighting at night that is depenintersections between the two will define the space of the market dent on the amount of solar energy received during the day. As way that is more responsive consumers. vendors and pedestrian corridor. The ribbon ofto constructed canopy willLicensed the canopy moves away from the mall both North and South it provide will become thinner and less constructed eventually giving way r a permanent foothold will be able to use retail space along the essential services for the market vendor: electricity, shade to the tree canopy of McIntire Park and the Rivanna trail. Urban shelter. In places translucent cellsbusiness will form the 7public or to and establish shops that photovoltaic can be in days a must week. space perform on a variety of levels including; the upper canopy while the understory will have a system of vertical creation of microclimates, the provision of ecosystem services, structures guiding the growth of edible perennials and annuals. In cultural connectivity, and the ability to meet the basic needs of places the canopy will take the on a lighter touch that is more ourand rials ofother the ground plane, canopy overhead the technologically dependent society. increasingly simple and passive

ons between the two will define the space of the market and 102: DRAFT n corridor. The ribbon of constructed canopy will provide

DISTRIBUTION

John Spiess

RESPONSIVE MARKET: DIVERSIFYING THE MARKET BY NURTURING NEW VENDORS ESTABLISHED VENDOR DEVELOPING VENDOR

ESTABLISHED VENDOR

CHARLOTTESVIL HISTORICAL SOCIETY

DEVELOPING VENDOR CATCHMENT BASIN WATER DISTRIBUTION

CATCHMENT BASIN 0

128

SCALE OF FEET

LEE PARK

PUBLIC LIBRARY

0 8

SCALE OF FEET

103: DRAFT

2ND ST. SE

CANOPY BOUNDARY 2ND ST. SE

POSITIVE SOLAR EXPOSURE

WATER COLLECTION

2ND ST. SE

PEDESTRIAN TRAFFIC

2ND ST. SE

MCINTIRE PARK

2ND ST. SE

UNDERUTILIZED PUBLIC SPACE ALONG 2ND ST.

ALONG 2ND ST.

MCINTIRE PARK

2ND ST. SE

ACTIVE CORRIDOR

LEE PARK Public Library

THE MALL

The Mall

ACKS

OAD TR

RAILR

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

ACKS

RAILRO

ACKS

RAILRO

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

Friendship Court

POLLOCKS BRANCH & RIVANNA TRAIL

ACKS

THE MALL

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

PARENT MKT.

DEVELOPING MKT.

CANOPY:

FUNCTION STORAGE

THE MALL

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

104: DRAFT

2ND ST. SE

FUNCTION CLIMBING

2ND ST. SE

FUNCTION WATER

THE MALL

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

THE MALL

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

CANOPY:

PLANTS

HIGHS AND LOWS

FUNCTION ELECTRIC

THE MALL

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

2ND ST. SE

GROUNDPLANE TOUCHDOWNS

THE MALL

RAILRO

CANOPY:

Paving Pattern

2ND ST. SE

DENSITY

MARKET TYPES 2ND ST. SE

CANOPY DENSITY

POLLOCKS BRANCH & RIVANNA TRAIL

THE MALL

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

THE MALL

ACKS

AD TR

RAILRO

105: DRAFT

Rae Vassar

106: DRAFT

1st

Recognizing the right that all of Charlottesville’s citizens have to the City’s public spaces, this proposal focuses on three strategies to create a vibrant, public space: access, site reading, and flexibility. Access: “Red Ramp to a New Normal” is a multi-block ramp for Charlottesville’s City Market district that embraces the opportunities that exist within the extreme topographic fluctuations that characterize the region. The ramp makes Charlottesville’s new market district accessible to those with limited mobility, decentering the paradigm of full ambulatory functioning, and positioning the spatial experience of the elderly and wheelchair bound as the central model. Site Reading: While the ramp eliminates barriers to physical accessibility posed by the grade change, the ground plane capitalizes on the amazing experience of seeing the red brick of the Mall peel up from the north/south streets’ steepest slopes to become part of the view in elevation, beckoning pedestrians to the Mall and into the historic district from blocks away. Utilizing this devise, red brick pavement is extended from the Mall north and south on 1st St. across the tracks, into the city’s historic district and a historically marginalized neighborhood respectively. The market district becomes a public space with connections to the Mall, while remaining distinct through its own paving pattern and very different sectional profile. In this way residents are oriented to the market’s extents, and visitors are welcomed to this expanded pedestrian corridor. At night, when the ground condition is less visible, Market Square calls out to passersby from a distance through its lighting strategy. Slatted wood furnishings and market infrastructure are lit from the inside to create a field of glowing lanterns along the ramp. Flexibility: Recognizing the importance of the market site during market days and everyday, day and evening, and across seasons, Market Square and its extension to the south are designed with program flexibility in mind. Trees provide shade from summer sun, and leave bright spots on midwinter days. The market space does double duty offering outdoor reading rooms for library patrons, venues for large civic gatherings, concert seating, and more outside of market hours.

Red Ramp to New Normal

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Appendix: References Selected References for UVA Studio Market Studies:

City Market Task Force. “City Task Force Prepares For Mission.” http://www. newsplex.com/home/headlines/City_Market_Task_Force_113178799.html

City Market Task Force recommendations for a permanent market site. http:// www.marketcentralonline.org/market_central_site/City_Council_11_4_10.html

City Market Users Survey. http://www.newsplex.com/home/headlines/Students_Conduct_Surveys_on_City_Market_Future_127309918.html City Market entry, Cvillepedia. http://www.cvillepedia.org/mediawiki/index. php/Charlottesville_City_Market

CVILLE Article. “Charlottesville’s City Market Needs a Permanent Home in order to Evolve.” http://www.c-ville.com/Charlottesvilles_City_Market_needs_a_permanent_home_in_order_to_evolve/#.UFEwxqTLys0 Denkla Cobb, Tanya. VAEmerging Leader_VANewsLetter2011 LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / CVILLE CITY MARKET / DenklaCobb_VAEmergingLeader_VANewsLetter2011_87-6.pdf Fitzgerald, Sharon C. “Farm Tour Shows Folks Where Food Comes From.” The daily Progress. September 05, 2011. LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / CVILLE CITY MARKET / Market Central FARM TOUR 2011_Daily Progress 09-06-11

LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / CVILLE CITY MARKET / Future of Charlottesville Market, The Daily Progress July 2011

Oneill_Cville City Market observations 2011.pdf LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / CVILLE CITY MARKET / Oneill_Cville City Market observations 2011.pdf

Project for Public Spaces. “Making the Case for Public Markets as Job Generators” LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / MARKETS / Making the Case for Public Markets as Job Generators « Project for Public Spaces - Placemaking for Communities. pdf Project for Public Spaces. “Measuring the Impact of Public Markets and Farmers Markets on Local Economies “ LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / MARKETS / Measuring the Impact of Public Markets and Farmers Markets on Local Economies « Project for Public Spaces - Placemaking for Communities.pdf

Project for Public Spaces. “The Future of Markets” LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / MARKETS / The Future of Markets « Project for Public Spaces - Placemaking for Communities.pdf Project for Public Spaces. “What We Need to Learn from America’s Classic Markets” LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / MARKETS / What We Need to Learn from America’s Classic Markets « Project for Public Spaces - Placemaking for Communities.pdf Public Space:

Francis, Mark. “Meaning and Design of Farmers Markets” 2011. LAR7010-8010_ F2012 Resources / MARKETS / Francis_Meaning and Design of Farmers Markets_2011.pdf

Arendt, Hannah. “The Public Realm: The Common.” The Human Condition. Chicago: university of Chicago Press, 1958. Arendt_Public Face of Architecture.pdf LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / Arendt_Public Face of Architecture.pdf

Moomaw, Graham. “City Council Wonders How To Make Market Location Work.” The Daily Progress. July 07, 2011

Bonnemaison, Sarah. “Taking Back the street, Paris 1968-78” Festival architecture

Meet Yer Eats, City Market Farm Tour Day, Monday, 5 September (10am-4pm) http://www.marketcentralonline.org/market_central_site/Special_Programs_ listing_2011.html 110: DRAFT

Benach, Nuria. “Public spaces in Barcelona 1980-2000” Transforming Barcelona. Ed. Tim Marshall. London: Routledge Press. LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / Benach_PublicSpacesinBarcelona1980-2000_2004.pdf

Ed Sarah Bonemaison and Christine Macy. London: Routledge. 2008 LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / Bonnemason_Festival Architecture_2008.pdf

Borret, Kristiaan. “The ‘Void’ as a Productive Concept for Urban Public Space.” In The Urban Condition: Space Community and Self in the Contemporary Metropolis. Ed by GUST. Rotterdam: 010 Publishers. 1999. LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / borret_void_as_productive.pdf Busquets, Joan. “New Orleans : strategies for a city in soft land” / NA9127 .N46 B87 2005 Campbell, Robert. “Rem to Earth: Resistance is Futile. Just keep shopping until everything is junked.” In Architectural Record. June 2002. LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / Campbell-2002-guide2shopping_review.pdf Carrera, Judit. “In favour of public space : ten years of the European Prize for Urban Public Space” / NA9053 .S6 I37 2010 Careri. Walkscapes. In Transurbance LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / Careri_Walkscapes.pdf

Carmona, Matthew. “Contemporary Public Space, Part Two: Classification.” In Journal of Urban Design. Vol. 15. No. 2, 157-173, May 2010 LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / Carmona_ Contemporary Public Space_2010.pdf

Corner, James. “Terra Fluxus” Landscape Urbanism Reader. Ed. Charles Waldheim. LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / Corner_Terra Fluxus.pdf Cummings, Dolan. “How Public is Public Space?” Blueprint August 2009 LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / Cummings_How Public_2009.pdf

Cybriwsky, Roman. “Changing patterns of urban public space: Observations and

assessments from the Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas” Cities, Vol. 16, No. 4 LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / Cybriwsky_Changing Patterns of Urban Public_1999.pdf Dehaene, Michiel. Heterotopia and the city : public space in a postcivil society NA9053 .S6 H478 2008

Diamond, Beth. “Safe Speech: Public Space as a Medium of Democracy.” Journal of Architectural Education. LAR7010-8010_F2012 Resources / Articles_Related Topics / PUBLIC SPACE / Diamond_Safe Speech Public Space_2010.pdf

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Appendix: Friendship Court Proposal Diagrams

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