Next Generation Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Wireless: Developing Market Opportunities for P2P Direct Applications and Services Published: July 2014
No of pages: 194
Standardization is on the horizon for LTE to operate in a peer-to-peer mode known as LTE Direct (LTE-D) that involves discovery and a mode of operation involving the so-called “ambient awareness”. This is expected to be a novelty at first but quickly evolve into a new ecosystem that is at once complementary and competitive to the current cellular ecosystem. There are a number of additional technologies that may also be deployed that all provide the ability for devices to “discover” one another, although over different distances ranging from centimeters (Near Field Communications), meters (Bluetooth), 10s of meters (Wi-Fi), and some that vary (beacon technologies). This research addresses the technology, companies, solutions, and market opportunities involving discovery, presence/detection, peer-to-peer communications, and related applications. The report evaluates the ecosystem, anticipated impacts, and future of Person-to-Person, Device-to-Device, communications.
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Table of Content 1 Introduction 10 1.1 Executive Summary 10 1.2 Topics Covered 10 1.3 Key Findings 12 1.4 Target Audience 13 2 Introduction 15 2.1 Technology Convergence 15 2.1.1 Peer-to-Peer (P2P) 15 2.1.2 Device-to-Device (D2D) and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) 17 2.1.3 From WAN to PAN 19 2.1.4 Ad-Hoc Systems 21 2.1.5 Internet of Things (IoT) 23 2.1.6 Wearable Technology 25 2.1.7 Convergence of Many Things 26
2.1.7.1 P2P and Wearable Technology 27 2.1.7.2 P2P and Internet of Things (IoT) 27 2.2 Direct Communications 28 2.2.1 WiFi Direct 32 2.2.2 LTE Direct 32 2.3 Discovery 34 2.3.1 Discovery of People 36 2.3.2 Discovery of Machines 37 2.3.3 Discovery of Applications 38 2.4 Ambient Awareness 38 2.4.1 What is it? 39 2.4.2 How does it Work? 40 2.5 Use Case Types 40 2.5.1 End-user Pull 41 2.5.2 Ambient Awareness and Network/Object Push 41 2.6 Use Case Scenarios 41 2.6.1 Public Communications 42 2.6.1.1 Person to Person (P2P) 42 2.6.1.2 Person to Machine Private 42 2.6.1.3 Machine to Person Private 42 2.6.1.4 Machine to Machine Private 43 2.6.2 Public Communications 43 2.6.2.1 Person to Machine Public 44 2.6.2.2 Machine to Person Public 44 2.6.2.3 Machine to Machine Public 44 3 WiFi Direct 45 3.1 WiFi Direct Technology 45 3.2 Key WiFi Direct Players 49 3.2.1 Semiconductor Manufacturers 50 3.2.1.1 Broadcom Corporation 50 3.2.1.2 Qualcomm Atheros 52 3.2.1.3 Intel Corporation 54 3.2.2 Peripheral Manufacturers 56 3.2.2.1 Hewlett Packard Company 56 3.2.3 Consumer Electronics Manufacturers 59 3.2.3.1 JVC Kenwood Holdings 61 3.2.3.2 LG Electronics 62 3.2.4 Smartphone Manufacturers 63 3.2.4.1 Fujitsu Ltd. 64
3.2.4.2 HTC Corporation 65 3.2.4.3 Motorola Mobility 67 3.2.4.4 Samsung Electronics Ltd. 69 3.3 Product Categories 71 3.3.1 Reference Design and Modules 71 3.3.2 Networking 71 3.3.3 Consumer Electronics 72 3.3.4 Computing Peripherals 74 3.3.5 Handsets 75 3.3.6 Automotive and Transportation 75 3.3.7 Health and Fitness 76 3.3.8 Smart Energy 76 3.3.9 Others 77 3.4 WiFi Direct Applications 77 3.4.1 File Sharing and Synchronizing 78 3.4.2 User Connecting to Personal Device 84 3.4.3 Personal Device Pushing Information to User 87 3.4.4 Requesting Information from a Public Kiosk 93 3.4.5 Public Machine Communicating with Private User 98 3.5 Future Applications: Automobile Industry 104 3.5.1 Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Communications 104 3.5.2 Vehicle Safety: Collision Warning and More 105 3.5.3 Intelligent Transportation 106 3.5.4 Additional Safety and Convenience Solutions 107 4 LTE Direct (LTE-D) 109 4.1 LTE Direct Technology 109 4.1.1 The Inventor: Qualcomm 109 4.1.2 The Database: The Wireless Registry 112 4.2 Market Drivers for LTE Direct 114 4.2.1 Technology Leading Market: Cart before the Horse? 115 4.2.2 Carriers Need Value-added Services (VAS) 116 4.3 Key LTE Direct Players 118 4.4 LTE Direct Applications 118 4.4.1 Advertising 121 4.4.2 Social Networking 121 4.4.3 Commerce 123 4.4.4 Public Safety 129 4.5 Future Technology Integration 132 4.5.1 Intelligent Agents 132
4.5.2 Augmented Reality 132 4.6 Future Applications 133 5 P2P Ecosystem Analysis 134 5.1 Technology Providers 134 5.1.1 Qualcomm 134 5.1.2 Data as a Services (DaaS) Providers 135 5.2 Wireless Service Providers 136 5.2.1 Mobile Network Operators 136 5.2.2 Other Wireless Service Providers 137 5.3 Application Developers 139 5.4 Social Networks 140 6 P2P Impact on Operational Support Systems (OSS) 142 6.1 Administration of Preferences 142 6.2 Discovery 142 6.2.1 Who can Discover? 143 6.2.2 What can Discover? 143 6.3 Communications 143 6.3.1 Autonomous Communications 144 6.3.2 Offered Communications 144 6.4 Managed Application Access and Usage 144 7 P2P Billing Support Systems (BSS) 146 7.1 New Billing Models for P2P Applications 146 7.1.1 Subscribed 146 7.1.2 On-demand 147 7.1.3 Advertising 147 7.2 Changes Required in BSS for P2P 148 8 P2P Business Models 149 8.1 Mobile Network Operators 149 8.1.1 Role of Carrier in P2P 149 8.1.2 New Challenges and Impact of P2P 149 8.1.3 Future Opportunities 150 8.2 Social Networks 150 8.2.1 Traditional Role 150 8.2.2 New Role in P2P 151 8.2.3 Future Opportunities 151 8.3 Technology Providers 151
8.3.1 Existing Business Conflicts and Opportunities 152 8.3.2 Future of P2P, Direct, Ambient Awareness, and Discovery 152 8.4 Application Developers 152 8.4.1 Awareness and Discovery 153 8.4.2 Penetration and Usage 153 8.5 Advertisers 153 8.5.1 Hyper-local and Hyper-focused 153 8.5.2 Actionable and Performance-based 154 8.5.3 Leveraging Next Generation Solutions 155 9 Market Forecasts 156 9.1 P2P Communications 158 9.2 P2P Applications 158 10 Summary and Recommendations 160 10.1 Semiconductor Vendors 160 10.2 Carriers 160 10.2.1 Why Carriers should Fear P2P 162 10.2.1.1 New Business Models and Carrier Relevancy 162 10.2.1.2 Potential Loss of Control 163 10.2.2 Why Carriers should Embrace P2P 163 10.2.2.1 Beating OTT Players to the Punch 163 10.2.2.2 Leverage IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) 164 10.2.2.3 Leverage the First LTE VAS: Rich Communications 166 10.3 Developers 170 10.4 Location Companies 170 11 Appendix 171 11.1 P2P Standards and Technologies 171 11.1.1 Bluetooth 171 11.1.2 Zigbee 171 11.1.3 Ultra Wide Band 172 11.1.4 Dedicated Short-range Communications (DSRC) 172 11.1.5 Beacon Technologies 173 11.1.6 IEEE 802 174 11.1.7 Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) 175 11.1.8 Infrared (IRDA) 182 11.1.9 Long Term Evolution (LTE) 185 11.2 Supporting Technologies 192 11.2.1 Location Technologies 192
11.2.1.1 Location Architectures and Capabilities 193 11.2.1.2 What is Efficient Location and Why is it Important? 210 11.2.2 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) 215 11.2.2.1 Understanding IMS 216 11.2.2.2 Why IMS: The Critical Importance of Control and Apps 222 11.2.3 Database, DB Services, Cloud, and APIs 223 11.2.3.1 Data and Database Infrastructure 223 11.2.3.2 Data as a Service (DaaS) 225 11.2.3.3 Application Programming Interfaces (API) 225 11.2.4 Additional IoT Related Technologies 227 11.2.4.1 Embedded Systems 227 11.2.4.2 Ubiquitous Computing 229 11.2.4.3 Connected Devices 230 11.2.4.4 Internet Protocol Version Six (IPv6) 232 11.2.4.5 Sensors and Detection Technologies 234
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