Test Study Guide The Scientific Revolution, The Enlightenment After you study you should be able to: • Compare the medieval world view with the scientific world view (part one of study guide) •Explain the key ideas of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment (part two of study guide) •Explain and compare the main ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers we studied (part three of study guide) Part One: Medieval World View vs Scientific World View Before the Scientific Revolution, what did most people in Europe think about the following: the universe how to explain things people didn’t understand how to solve problems how kings got their power After the Scientific Revolution, what did most scholars in Europe think about the following: the universe how to explain things people didn’t understand how to solve problems how governments got their power Part Two: The Scientific Revolution & the Enlightenment Define the Scientific Revolution
What were the main accomplishments of the following scientists? Nicolaus Copernicus Francis Bacon Isaac Newton Andreas Vesalius Robert Hooke William Harvey What did Gallileo prove? What happened to him as a result? What did this show about the power of the Catholic Church at the time?
What was the Enlightenment? What ideas and values did most Enlightenment thinkers share?
What was Deism? Why were many Enlightenment thinkers Deists?
Briefly define: natural law
social contract
general will
salon Part three: What were the main ideas of the following philosophers? 1. Thomas Hobbes Leviathan his view on human nature his ideal government & why what was new about his thinking
2. John Locke his view on human nature his idea of natural rights his ideal government his view of revolution
what was new about his thinking
3. Voltaire his views on god and the universe
what his disliked
his view of human beings
his ideal government
4. Mary Wollstonecraft her views on men her views on women
her goal
how to reach her goal 5. Jean-Jacques Rousseau his view of human nature
his view of society
his ideal government
how his idea of the social contract differed from Locke’s