Stitched Future:
Sustainable Urbanism + Inclusive Design
Jared Dukes
Stitched Future:
Sustainable Urbanism + Inclusive Design University of Oregon Comprehensive Design Studio Autumn 2018 - Srping 2019 Student: Jared Dukes Instructor: Kaarin Knudson
Table of Contents
1.0 Urban Design Framework
2.0 Community Center
23 - 24
PROJECT DESCRIPTION:
1
BUILDING DESCRIPTION:
25 - 26
REGIONAL LOCATION:
2
PARTI + PROGRAM:
27 - 28
EXISTING CONDITIONS:
3-4
SITE PLAN:
29 - 30
PROJECT PRINCPLES:
5-6
FLOOR PLANS:
31 - 36
DESIGN ITERATIONS:
7-8
ENLARGED TOWER PLANS:
37 - 38
URBAN PLACE VIGNETTES:
9 - 10
BUILDING SECTIONS:
39 - 40
FINAL FRAMEWORK PLAN:
11 - 12
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM:
41 - 42
PERSPECTIVES:
13 - 14
BUILDING DIAGRAMS:
43 - 44
DESIGN DIAGRAMS:
15 - 16
FACADE DESIGN ITERATIONS: 45 - 46
STREET SECTIONS:
17 - 20
CLADDING + WALL SYSTEM: 47 - 48
SITE SECTION:
21 - 22
FACADES:
49 - 50
BUILDING SYSTEMS:
51 - 52
RENDERINGS:
53 - 56
PHYSICAL MODELS:
57 - 62
1.0 Urban Design Framework: A Study in Sustainable Urbanism * Designed in collaboration with Evon Calabrese and Gabe Haug
The Stitched Future Terminal Studio led by Kaarin Knudson sought to address sustainable urbanism, inclusive neighborhood design, and community-supporting architecture. The studio set out to redesign a roughly 134-acre site near the existing Expo Center and historic Vanport area along the Columbia River in the north end of Portland, Oregon. The current conditions of the site cater mainly to industrial uses, is not pedestrian/ bicycle friendly, and is well connected with proximity to Interstate 5, the Yellow Line of MAX light rail, as well as the Columbia River. The new design will feature mixed-use development with a variety of mixed-income housing options. The whole scope of the project lasted for three terms. The autumn term consisted of a seminar course to conduct case studies, evaluate and select the site, and develop the program. The studio itself was split between winter and spring terms. The master planning of the overall site was done in the winter term in a group with Evon Calabrese and Gabe Haug. The spring term focused on development of individual buildings inserted into the new master plan framework. Each group member designed a separate building individually. The work displayed in this book is my own unless otherwise noted.
1
URBAN FRAMEWORK
Portland Expo Center Site
downtown portland, or
REGIONAL LOCATION
2
Existing Conditions
Large Warehouses
Site Boundary
Good Transportation access w/ Light Rail and Interstate
3
URBAN FRAMEWORK
Heavy Traffic; Not Pedestrian Friendly
Existing Conditions hayden island
* Approximately 133.7 acres
columbia river
heron lakes golf course
Industrial
light rail
Commercial Civic/Institutional
vanport wetlands
Residential
EXISTING CONDITIONS
4
Project Principles HUMAN WELL-BEING AND EXPERIENCE • • • • •
Pedestrian only plazas and corridors Provide safety, security, and minimize air and sound pollution Access to green space for recreation and leisure Clear wayfinding to increase perceived and actual safety Surfaces and textures that present a positive balance of stimulation and distraction
CREATE CONNECTIONS TO IMPROVE RESILIENCY • • • • • • • •
5
URBAN FRAMEWORK
Housing and public space that foster community relationships Housing is located in close proximity to services, plazas, and green space Light Rail Transit Connectivity Connects Portland, Hayden Island, Vancouver, and the Portland Airport Transit hub adjacent to primary pedestrian plaza Bicycle Network Protected corridors linking site to downtown Portland Wetlands and riverfront trails connect to major pedestrian hubs
FOSTER DIVERSITY AS A MEANS OF PROMOTING INCLUSIVITY • • • •
Housing oriented towards low, middle, and high-income demographics Universal design - spaces designed for accessibility Spatial hierarchy not social hierarchy Prioritizing the public realm
A BUILT ENVIRONMENT THAT IS HARMONIOUS WITH NATURAL FORCES • • • •
De-fragmentation of existing land-use/land cover Intentional integration of human and ecological systems Local sourcing of materials, goods, and services with consideration of material life-cycle as well as minimizing waste Consideration & design for seasonal changes, specifically in public outdoor spaces
* Developed in collaboration with Evon Calabrese and Gabe Haug. Images produced by Gabe Haug.
PROJECT PRINCIPLES
6
Early Design Iterations
7
URBAN FRAMEWORK
DESIGN ITERATIONS
8
Initial Urban Place Vignettes
9
URBAN FRAMEWORK
PLACE VIGNETTES
10
Residential VIRE O ST .
WAR BL
ER S T.
LOON
Type
SITE STATISTICS Square Footage
Residential
685,363
Commercial
650,002
Manufacturing
397,770 7,272,537 Total
5.5 %
The final site design is made up of four interlocking districts. Each one features mixed-use development but with one overarching use. These four districts consist of the Commercial District bisecting the site right of center, the two mainly Residential Zones that flank it on each side, and the Arts District with Light Manufacturing to the far left.
8.9 % 9.4 %
* 250 sf per person * Estimate = 22,158 people
76.2 %
Residential
11
URBAN FRAMEWORK
ST.
SITE STATISTICS
5,539,402
Office Space
8TH AVE.
Arts District + Light Manufacturing
.
11TH
12T
13T HA VE
.
E
9TH AVE.
IV
10TH A VE
DR
AVE .
E
HA VE.
IN
AV E.
AR
15 TH
M
VIREO ST.
14 TH
AV E
.
16TH AVE.
17TH AVE.
Final Urban Framework
Office Space
Commercial
Manufacturing
Marine Drive has been pulled away from the river to allow for other functions along the water. Several traffic slowing mechanisms were implemented including the center vegetated median. A new transit/ pedestrian bridge extends from the Public Plaza and brings the light rail line more into the heart of the development and across the river.
* Designed in collaboration with Evon Calabrese and Gabe Haug. * Produced by Evon Calabrese and Gabe Haug.
M AR
.
IN E
TH 15
E AV
E IV DR
.
E AV
AV E.
13 TH
AV E
.
TH 14
12T H
VIR
AVE .
J
AV 7TH
E.
E
Columbia River
E
MA
ST. KET
RIN
ST.
3RD AVE.
ST.
2ND
AVE .
IKE
ST.
2ND AVE.
SHRIKE
SHR
3RD AVE. . AVE
SPARROW
ST.
.
SPA
1S TA VE
4TH AVE.
DRIVE
4TH
MARINE
RRO WS T.
Residential
LONGSP
UR ST.
LON
GSP
UR
SPARRO W
AVE .
MLK BL VD.
1ST
3RD AVE.
ST.
ST.
2ND AVE.
SHRIKE
. AVE 4TH
E KINGBIRD
DS T.
D ST.
ST. KET MAR
DRIVE
RIV
GBIR
KINGBIR
Commercial District
ED
KIN
MAR
MARKET ST.
E
. AVE 6TH
ST.
6TH AVE.
MARINE
LOON
I-5
8TH AVE.
ER ST .
9TH AVE.
E.
WAR BL
G
ML
KB
LVD .
I-5
ST.
J
I-5
VIREO
7TH AVE.
J
10TH AV
G
AVE .
12T H
Public Plaza
NS T.
G
8TH AVE.
LO O
1ST AVE .
E.
ST .
9TH AV
ER
10T H
.
13T HA VE .
E
BL
11TH
IV
WA R
AVE .
DR
. AVE 6TH
E
AV E
IN
. AVE 7TH
AR
15 TH
M
14 TH
AV E.
11T
H
AV E.
EO ST .
ST.
0’
LONGSP
UR ST.
50’
Wide-load Truck Route Light Rail Stops
0’
50’
150’
MLK B
LVD.
FINAL FRAMEWORK PLAN
550’
12
150
16TH AV
E.
17TH AV
E.
1. Main Plaza
VIREO ST.
M AR
.
E
IN
E AV
.
TH 14
E AV
3 AV E.
VIR
12T H
EO ST .
LO O
NS T.
3. Boardwalk
13
URBAN FRAMEWORK
Site Plan Scale 1” = 200’
* Produced by Evon Calabrese and Gabe Haug.
8TH AVE.
ST .
E.
ER
9TH AV
BL
10T H
WA R
AVE .
11T
H
AV E.
2. Pedestrian/Light Rail Bridge
13 TH
4
AV E
.
E
IV DR
TH 15
4. Park Blocks
G
5. Outdoor Amphitheater
5
J
6
E
MA
MARKET ST.
RIN
ED
RIV
E
KIN
GBIR
SHR
IKE
ST.
2ND AV
E.
3RD AVE.
SPA
RRO WS T.
GSP
UR
I-5
4
LON
6. Marine Drive
.
4TH AVE.
DS T.
1S TA VE
1
6TH AVE.
7TH AVE.
2
ST.
ML
KB
LVD .
Wide-load Truck Route Light Rail Stops
0’
50’
150’
550’
PERSPECTIVES
14
Design Diagrams
Street Network
15
URBAN FRAMEWORK
Open Public Space
Block Structure
DESIGN DIAGRAMS
16
Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd.
12’
10.5’
10.5’
18’ 84’ Right-of-Way
17
URBAN FRAMEWORK
10.5’
10.5’
12’
Marine Drive
12’
5’
2.5’
10’
10’
10’
10’
10’
2.5’
5’
12’
89’ Right-of-Way
STREET SECTIONS
18
Typical Park Block Street
12’
9’
10’
87’ 149’ Right-of-Way
19
URBAN FRAMEWORK
10’
Typical Residential Street
9’
12’
12’
8’
10’
10’
8’
12’
60’ Right-of-Way
STREET SECTIONS
20
* Produced by Gabe Haug.
21
URBAN FRAMEWORK
SITE SECTION
22
2.0 Vanport Place Tower An Inclusive Community Center in North Portland * Designed solely by Jared Dukes
Site Location within Urban Design
23
COMMUNITY CENTER
VANPORT PLACE TOWER - AERIAL VIEW
24
Vanport Place Tower, standing 207’ tall, consists of the combination of neighborhood focused spaces and private residential units. They are split between a 4-story podium and a 15-story tower. The building sits on the northeast corner of a large public plaza and is adjacent to the Columbia River to the north, a pedestrian/transit bridge to the west, and a light rail line to the east. These are the main reasons for the selection of this location. The principles of the project focus on several dierent types of resiliency. This includes resiliency to natural forces such as ooding or a major earthquake. The goal is for the building to perform well in any natural disaster, remain standing safely, and still be occupied in the aftermath. It will then serve as a gathering point for the neighborhood as an initial refuge while the authorities work to bring relief and aid. There will be a backup energy/communication system within the building as well as a store of extra water/food that will be essential during a major disaster event. Environmental resiliency includes the use of sustainable building materials, such as wood, along with passive strategies such as natural ventilation, daylighting, rainwater collection and use, stormwater filtering, and solar collection ability. The idea is to minimize the impact on the environment the building will have through construction and its ongoing operation. Finally, social resiliency will be achieved through the program elements of the community center in terms of educational/advancement opportunities. It will also be achieved through providing good housing options to those within a lower income bracket.
25
COMMUNITY CENTER
BUILDING DESCRIPTION
26
Parti + Program EDUCATION + LEARNING
AUDITORIUM
ART + PERFORMANCE + PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
The community center is open to all members of the public and features a program that centers around education in one component and art/performance in another. This program radiates around a large central auditorium that can be used for both learning functions as well as performances. The bars on the north and west sides of the auditorium will hold the educational program and contain a city library branch and studios/classrooms. The south and east bars hold spaces highlighting the performance, art, and physical activity elements of the program. However, there will be some overlap between the two diering functions. On top of the northeast corner of the podium, the residential tower ascends.
27
COMMUNITY CENTER
auditorium gallery spaces library studios + classrooms daycare physical activity residential units
PARTI + PROGRAM
28
Site Plan 3 1. vanport place tower J
2. columbia river
7TH AVE.
G
5
3. boardwalk 4. pedestrian bridge MA
RIN
MARKET ST.
5. bioswale
ED
RIV
E
KIN
GBIR
DS T.
6. reflecting pool SHR
IKE
ST.
2ND
AVE .
3RD AVE.
4TH AVE.
6TH AVE.
E
7. light rail station RRO WS T.
8. amphitheater LON
GSP
UR
I-5
1S TA VE .
SPA
5
ST.
9. courtyard parking ML
5
KB
LVD .
The building sits on the northeast corner of a large public plaza and is adjacent to the Columbia River to the north, a pedestrian/transit bridge to the west, and a light rail line to the east.
Wide-load Truck Route Light Rail Stops
0’
50’
150’
550’
9 29
COMMUNITY CENTER
6
9
4
2
3
1
7
8
9 SITE PLAN
30
Boardwalk Level
loading dock
library
back of house
tower lobby
daycare
31
COMMUNITY CENTER
Plaza Level
library
auditorium
gallery
cafe
sculpture gallery
FLOOR PLANS
32
2nd Level
lounge craft center
library
studio
studio studio
dance studio balcony
classroom
33
COMMUNITY CENTER
3rd Level
lounge
studio
studio studio
fitness center
classroom
FLOOR PLANS
34
Tower Floors
Mechanical 18th Floor
terrace
terrace
Resident Lounge + Observatory 17th Floor
Residential Units 4th - 16th Floors
35
COMMUNITY CENTER
Auditorium
stage
balcony above
FLOOR PLANS
36
Residential Units one bedroom 775 sf
There will be three units per oor consisting of (2) one-bedroom units and (1) two-bedroom unit that can be converted into a threebedroom unit. The larger unit will target families within the 60-80% range of the median income for Portland while the one-bedrooms will be sold at market rate.
37
COMMUNITY CENTER
one bedroom 775 sf
two or three bedroom 1,550 sf
Resident Observatory + Lounge
roof terrace
roof terrace Tower Services + Plumbing: connected to core for efficiency
ENLARGED TOWER PLANS
38
North-South Section
39
COMMUNITY CENTER
East-West Section
BUILDING SECTIONS
40
Structural System
The community center and adjoining residential tower features a hybrid structural system. This system consists of mostly mass timber elements but also steel reinforced concrete in specific locations. The building foot print follows an 18’ x 18’ grid so the typical bay unit between columns will roughly be that with a little variation in some areas. Mass timber consisting of glulam columns and beams are the prominent structural element in the building. It will be used for all floors of the podium and tower except for the floors that meet the ground, the structure of the auditorium, and the core of the tower. Cross laminated timber (CLT) panel units will be used for the flooring over the beams. This system with be exposed to provide a warm and welcoming atmosphere within the building. Mass timber was selected for a number of reasons including its aesthetic appeal, fire performance, carbon sequestration, and lightweight nature leading to improved seismic performance. The foundation and boardwalk level will be constructed with concrete. This is due to the higher risk of flooding along the river as well as being in line with typical construction practices. The walls of the auditorium in the center of the podium and the shear walls of the tower core are also concrete and serve as lateral resistance. The auditorium roof is held up with exposed wood glulam beams that are roughly 7 feet in depth and includes operable openings to allow daylight in if desired. The façade of the tower is meant to specifically express a timber look. There are wood louvres on each side that are operated separating within each residential unit. The façade of the podium has a terracotta style look with composite panels and the timber aesthetic will mostly be internalized.
41
COMMUNITY CENTER
Column Layout 12’ x 12’ columns
14’ x 14’ columns
16’ x 16’ columns
18’ x 18’ columns
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
42
Circulation
tower vertical circulation podium vertical circulation
43
COMMUNITY CENTER
Shear Wall Diagram
clt shear walls
concrete shear walls
overhead beams auditorium glulam beams
concrete wall section
• • • •
4” concrete 3 1/2” rigid insulation 4” concrete gypsum/sound panels
BUILDING DIAGRAMS
44
Early Facade Designs (hand drawn)
45
COMMUNITY CENTER
FACADE DESIGN ITERATIONS
46
Facade
• • •
• • • •
Cladding System
47
COMMUNITY CENTER
composite cladding air gap rigid insulation clt wall panel
Wall Section
finish flooring sound resistant flooring clt floor panel
Wall Section Detail
• • • •
composite cladding air gap rigid insulation glulam column
CLADDING + WALL SYSTEM
48
South Facade 49
COMMUNITY CENTER
East Facade
FACADES
50
Natural Ventilation
stale air fresh air
Daylighting
light on two sides
51
COMMUNITY CENTER
CHARRING STRUCTURAL DIAGRAM: (in the event of a fire)
1. Sacrificial Layer (NO structural capacity) 2. Residual Section (structural capacity retained) 3. Size of Timber Prior to Charring
1
1 2
2 3
Benefits of Building with Wood • • • • • • • •
Lower impact on the environment, Carbon sequestered throughout lifetime of the building Can be reclaimed at the end of the buildings life and recycled or reused Less energy to manufacture Shorter jobsite construction period Less deliveries, Simplified jobsite logistics Less jobsite waste Up to 75% lighter than a concrete building Reduced foundation sizes, easier material handling, and better seismic performance BUILDING SYSTEMS
52
Lobby - Public Gallery
53
COMMUNITY CENTER
Library
RENDERINGS
54
Residential Unit
55
COMMUNITY CENTER
Auditorium
RENDERINGS
56
Urban Framework Model
57
URBAN FRAMEWORK
PHYSICAL MODELS
58
Site w/ Massing Model
59
COMMUNITY CENTER
Structural Model
Northwest View
Northeast View
Southwest View
Southeast View PHYSICAL MODELS
60
Facade Relief Model
61
COMMUNITY CENTER
PHYSICAL MODELS
62
Special Thank You to Kaarin Knudson, Evon Calabrese, & Gabe Haug !
STITCHED FUTURE: SUSTAINABLE URBANISM + INCLUSIVE DESIGN University of Oregon Comprehensive Design Studio Autumn 2018 - Srping 2019
Student: Jared Dukes Instructor: Kaarin Knudson • •
Book designed and edited by Jared Dukes The Urban Framework was designed in collaboration with Evon Calabrese and Gabe Haug