In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of Bachelor of Architecture (B.
PRIVRUTA ABHIVRAM- “ENVIRONMENTAL LIFE” WETLAND WELFARE AND ENVIROMENTAL RESEARCH
BHAGWAN MAHAVIR COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE BMEF CAMPUS, BHARTHANA ROAD, VESU, SURAT, GUJARAT.
GabaniByJay
June,Arch.)2021For
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
A Design Thesis submitted to the Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture, Surat N.
GabaniByJay N.
WETLAND
A Design Thesis submitted to the Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of Bachelor of Architecture (B. June,Arch.)2021
PRIVRUTA ABHIVRAM- “ENVIRONMENTAL LIFE” WELFARE AND ENVIROMENTAL RESEARCH
BHAGWAN MAHAVIR COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE
BMEF CAMPUS, BHARTHANA ROAD, VESU, SURAT, GUJARAT.
BHAGWAN MAHAVIR COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE BMEF CAMPUS, BHARTHANA ROAD, VESU, SURAT, GUJARAT.
It is to be understood that by this approval, the undersigned does not necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, opinions expressed or conclusion drawn therein, but approves the study only for the purpose for which it has been submitted.Ar.Pooja Dhariwala
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This is to certify that the Design Thesis entitled “Wetland welfare and research”, has been submitted by Mr. Gabani Jay Nileshbhai, en.no. 163531050017 under our guidance during the year 2020 2021. This thesis is submitted towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Architecture and satisfies the requirements laid down by Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture, Surat.
CERTIFICATE
Ar. Chaitali Shroff Thesis Guide Principal SUBMITTED BY Gabani Jay N. ENR. NUMBER: 163531050017
Special thanks to my guide Ar. Pooja Dhariwala Mam and Ar.Binita Tamboli mam for guiding me towards structure of the Project and their valuable suggestions at all stages. Last but not least, I would like to thank my parents & my friends who were always there for any kind of help.
DEDICATION
First of all, I would like to thank Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture for providing me a platform to go ahead with my project and my ideas. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Principal Ar. Chaitali Shroff to giving me the opportunity of studying here.
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Last but not the least; I would like to thank my family for understanding and supporting me spiritually throughout my life.
Ar Pooja Dhariwala for the continuous support of my thesis study and research, for his/her patience, motivation, enthusiasm and immense knowledge. His / her guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing of this Thesis.
Foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my thesis guide
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I hereby declare that this thesis entitled “Wetland welfare and Environmental research” is a benefice and genuine research work carried out by me under the guidance of Ar. Pooja Dhariwala
Date: 08 / 09 / 2021
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DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE
Place: Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture Gabani Jay N.
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ABSTRACT
As wetlands are kidneys to earth providing fresh water and other natural resources to humans as well to animals. It has its own microclimate which has its own vegetation. The study is about exploring new boundaries through combination nature, architecture and management of site as one body which creates a welfare center to enjoy environmental life forgetting urban chaos where one can learn about wetland, its vegetation, species biology, sustainable farming and aquaculture. The purpose of this to create a symbiotic relationship between humans and wetlands.
The study is divided into three parts and three phases designing and planning stages of Tourist center, Native center, Research center this will create a revenue for local people and give them an opportunity and other will bird rehabilitation centers. The study will also explore new ways to construct sustainable module with the help of local materials which will create zero carbon emissions however, the site will be self sustaining and will not depend on outer sources form water harvesting to vegetables to construction materials
This topic discusses about the welfare and research on wetland, that how people can nurture the nature and the nature will create a platform for them to reconnect to nature, as human has evolved, they have destroyed the nature and wetlands for their comfortability.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Table of contents Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture vii Table of Contents CERTIFICATE .................................................................................................................... ii DEDICATION 1ListListListListTableABSTRACTDECLARATIONACKNOWLEDGEMENTS....................................................................................................................iii...............................................................................................ivBYTHECANDIDATE........................................................................v.........................................................................................................................viofContents...............................................................................................................viiofFigures.......................................................................................................................xofMaps........................................................................................................................xiiofTable.......................................................................................................................xiiiofAppendixes............................................................................................................xivIntroduction...................................................................................................................1 1.1 Wetland ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Site brief 1 1.2.1 Problem statement 1 1.2.2 Significance of the study 2 1.3 About wetland welfare and environmental research 2 1.3.1 Importance of wetlands welfare and park are necessary 2 1.3.2 Necessity of wetlands 3 1.3.3 Benefits of wetlands 5 1.3.4 Threats to Wetlands 5 1.3.5 Wetlands in India .................................................................................................. 7 1.3.6 Role of flora and fauna in wetland ecosystem ...................................................... 8 2 Aim and Objectives of the study.................................................................................. 9 2.1 Aim............................................................................................................................. 9 2.2 Objective .................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Assumptions/Stake holders 10 2.4 Need of the project ................................................................................................... 10 2.5 Scope 10 2.6 Limitations 11 2.7 Methodology 11 3 Literature review ........................................................................................................ 13 3.1 Chongming Dongtan Wetland Research and Education Center 13 3.1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................. 13 3.1.2 Objective ............................................................................................................. 14
Planning 28
Concept 14
4
3.1.4
Material and technology ...................................................................................... 25
3.2.4
3.4
Program of case studies ............................................................................................ 33 4.2 Program derivation ................................................................................................... 36
3.2.5
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Table of contents Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture viii
3.2.6
Concept ................................................................................................................ 20
Architectural requirements 27
3.3.1
Program study ...................................................................................................... 19
Overview ............................................................................................................. 19
Waist Wetland Centre .............................................................................................. 19
3.2.3
Site selection criteria 43 5.2 Site Introduction 43 5.2.1 Site Approach 45 5.2.2 Importance of site 45 5.3 Site analysis 48 5.3.1 Climate 48 5.3.2 Macro analysis 49 5.3.3 Land and terrain mapping 51 5.3.4 Soil and water fluctuation mapping ..................................................................... 52 5.3.5 Demographic data ................................................................................................ 53 5.3.6 Land use and route mapping................................................................................ 54 5.4 Micro analysis .......................................................................................................... 57 5.4.1 Bird Mapping....................................................................................................... 57 5.4.2 Treemapping and Existing site ............................................................................ 58 5.4.3 Site Section and diagrams ................................................................................... 60 5.4.4 S.W.O.T analysis and site images ....................................................................... 61 5.5 Site images ............................................................................................................... 62 6 Concept and process ................................................................................................... 63
3.3.3
5
Site ....................................................................................................................... 20
3.3
Activities 14
Program study ............................................................................................................. 33
4.1
4.2.1
5.1
3.2.1
Concept 27
Comparative sheets 30
Beautour biodiversity research center and museum 25
Design strategies and ideas .................................................................................. 21
Site study ...................................................................................................................... 43
3.2
Overview ............................................................................................................. 25
Users and spaces .................................................................................................. 37 4.2.2 Final program ...................................................................................................... 38
3.3.2
3.1.3
3.3.4
Design strategies and planning ............................................................................ 15
3.1.5
3.2.2
II
6.1.3 Statements 67
7.3.7 Fishes used in constructed wetland 83 7.3.8 Butterflies 83
7.5.8 and
7.3.3 Plants used in Artificial wetland floating island 80
7.5.10
Modules
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pavilions ........................................................................................ 95
7 Design development
7.3.4 Plants used in Herbal and medicinal research 81
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7.4.1 Moss media and Green roof 87
elevation
6.1.1
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6.2 Bubble and Zoning 73
6.1.4 Response to the site 70
I 76
6.1.5 Design consideration 72
7.1 Development
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Table of contents Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture ix
7.5 88
design ............................................................................
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6.2.1 Conceptual zoning
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6.1 Concept 63
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7.4 Materials and techniques 84
Final design ..............................................................................................................
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7.5.1 Master layout 88 7.5.2 Master layout tress 89 7.5.3 Section 90 7.5.4 Elevation 91
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7.3.7 Module 94
Meditation pod and pavilion 96
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7.3.5 Plants used in Sustainable farming 81
............................................................................................... 75
7.3 Plants birds Butterflies 79
7.3.2 Plants used in constructed wetland and water body 80
7.3.6 Birds 82
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7.5.9
6.1.2 Climate: Bio climatic 65
3 D renderings .............................................................................................. 97 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 99 References ......................................................................................................................... 100
7.3.1 Plants in landscape 79
elevation
.................................................................................................... 76
7.5.5 Watching towers 92 7.5.6 Detail layout 93 7.5.7 Module 94
Concerns 64
7.2 Development 77
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Figure 3.10 Interior view of center 16
Figure 3.26 Zoning of activity 22
Figure 3.21 Conceptual diagram 20
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Figure 3.24 Exterior shading material 21
Figure 3.4 Management and protection law enforcement activities 15
Figure 3.7 Site plan 16
Figure 3.15 Circulation of center 17
Figure 3.6 Iso view of site 15
Figure 3.25 Outer vegetation around built area 21
Figure 1.1 Impotence of wetlands in graphics 3
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Figure 3.3 Concept 14
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Figure 3.8 Plan of block 1 16
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Figure 2.4 Design methodology 11
Figure 3.22 Site segregation................................................................................................. 21
Figure 1.9 Life maintenance cycle 8
Figure 3.16 zoning of center 17
Figure 3.14 Sectional zoning 17
Figure 1.3 benefits of wetland................................................................................................ 5
Figure 3.28 Daylight inside the built area through louver 22
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research List of figures
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Figure 3.29 Visitor’s center plan.......................................................................................... 23
Figure 3.18 material used in center 18
Figure 3.1 Elevation 13
Figure 1.4 Benefits of wetland in 3d chart 5
Figure 3.17 Materials of structure 18
Figure 1.2 Types of Wetlands 4
Figure 1.8 Chart of Wetland area under Water spread area 7
Figure 3.27 Inside galleries view 22
Figure 1.6 Farming ecosystem 6
Figure 3.9 Sky light comes from the roof 16
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Figure 2.2 Exploring 9
Figure 3.23 Glass facade 21
Figure 2.1 Research................................................................................................................ 9
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Figure 1.5 Different threats to wetland 5
Figure 1.7 Chart of Wetland area under aquatic vegetation 7
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Figure 3.13 Module design 17
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Figure 2.3 Sustainable farming 9
Figure 3.5 Bird monitoring Activities 15
Figure 3.11 exterior View of block 1 16
Figure 3.19 Site location 19
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Bachelor
List of Figures
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Figure 3.12 View of block 1 ................................................................................................ 16
Figure 3.20 view of Waist Wetland Centre 19
Figure 3.2 Location of the center 13
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Figure 3.35 3D view of the site............................................................................................ 26
Figure 5.3 Benefits and values 46
Figure 6.5 Bioclimatic design 65
Figure 6.12 Connectivity with enclosure
Figure 5.11 Species of bird at site........................................................................................ 57
Figure 3.45 Zoning of the center 29
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Figure 3.47 Comparative study II 31
Figure 5.6 Graphs of Climate diagram 48
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Figure 5.13 site images and context 62
Figure 6.8 Design ecosystem 66
Figure 5.12 site images and context..................................................................................... 62
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research List of figures
66
Figure 6.11 Space segregation
Figure 4.2 Users and spaces segregation of project 37
Figure 5.8 Site context photos 50
Figure 5.9 Soil and water fluctuation................................................................................... 52
Figure 6.1 Conceptual diagram 63
Figure 3.37 Site plan 26
Figure 3.44 Circulation of the center 29
Figure 5.1 Site Context 44
Figure 3.36 3D view of the site............................................................................................ 26
Figure 3.39 detail wall section 28
Figure 3.30 Internal zoning and circulation 23
Figure 6.7 Space typology in Wada 65
Figure 3.42 thatch material used in construction 28
Figure 5.4 Threats 47
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............................................................................................. 67
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Figure 3.40 window detail from the outside 28
Figure 6.6 Bioclimatic design 65
Figure 6.10 Inner Outer Connectivity
Figure 6.13 Agriculture impact
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Figure 3.43 Plan of center 29
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Figure 3.34 satellite image of site 25
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Figure 6.2 Conceptual diagram I 64
Figure 3.41 building raising by stiles................................................................................... 28
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Figure 4.1 Users group of the project 36
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Figure 3.38 Isometric view 27
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Figure 5.7 site context photos 49
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Figure 3.31 Part section connection between indoor outdoor 24
Figure 3.33 Materials used in the center 25
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Figure 5.5 Threats 47
Figure 3.32 Site Section Wetland body pavilion 24
Figure 6.9 section of Space diagram 66
Figure 6.4 Ideas Diagram 64
Figure 3.46 Comparative study I 30
Figure 5.2 Site Approach 45
Figure 6.3 vision diagram 64
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Figure 5.10 Species of bird at site 57
List of Maps
Map 1 Water usage world wide 6
Figure 6.21 Avian center 70
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Figure 6.17 Structures 69
Figure 7.6 Terrestrial birds................................................................................................... 82
Figure 6.19 Arboretum 69
Figure 6.23 Use of trees as function I 70
Figure 6.28 Rain water harvesting 72
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Map 9 Built and open map
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Map 6 land terrain mapping
Figure 7.2 Aquatic plants I 80
Map 8 Road networks
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Map 3 location maps 48
Figure 6.25 Segregation 71
Figure 6.15 Aquatic riparian impact 68
Figure 6.33 Bubble diagram 73
Figure 7.5 Farming plants 81
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Figure 7.9 Butterflies 83
Figure 6.24 Structure idea 71
Figure 7.8 Fishes 83
Map 7 Land use map
Figure 6.18 Event spaces 69
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................................................................................................. 56
Figure 6.22 Elevated above the ground 70
Figure 6.16 Broad walkways 68
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research List of figures
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Figure 6.32 Division of site.................................................................................................. 73
................................................................................................. 51
Figure 6.31 Site segregation 73
................................................................................................... 56
Figure 6.27 ecological landscape 72
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Figure 6.34 Conceptual Bubble 74
Map 2 International wetlands in India 7
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Map 5 Sanctuary mapping
Figure 7.7 Aquatic birds....................................................................................................... 82
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Figure 7.3 Aquatic plants II 80
Figure 7.4 Research plants 81
Figure 6.14 Deforestation impact 68
Figure 6.30 Productive landscape 72
Figure 7.1 Landscape and tropical Fauna 79
Figure 6.20 Bank stabilization 70
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Map 4 sun path diagram of the site 49
Map 10 Built and open map
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Figure 6.26 views point of the site 71
Figure 6.35 Conceptual layout 75
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55
Figure 6.29 Transitional landscape 72
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Table 5.2 The below data is of the 11 villages located in nandur sanctuary 53
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Table 4.1 program of case study I 33
Table 4.6 Program I of case study III 35
Table 4.7 Final program I 38
Map 15 site section and diagrams 60
Map 11 Bird mapping 57
Table 4.2 Program of case study II 34
Table 4.9 Final program of the project III 40
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Table 5.1 population of village with age group 53
List of Table
.........................................................................
Table 4.5 Program II of case study III 35
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Map 12 Tree Mapping 58
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Table 4.8 Final program of the project II 39
Map 14 Existing site and wetland mapping 59
Table 4.3 Program II of case study IV 35
Table 4.4 program of case study IV 35
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Table 4.10 Final program of the project IV 41
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research List of figures
Map 13 Site dimensions 58
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Appendix 2 Development 2 zoning 77
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Appendix 12 Elevations of final design 91
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research List of appendixes
List of Appendixes
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Appendix 10 Mater Layout Trees 89
Appendix 3 Site diagrams 78
Appendix 18 Meditation pod and pavilion 96
Appendix 6 Framing detail 85
Appendix 13 Elevation of watching tower 92
Appendix 7 Joinery and Roofing Details 86
Appendix 20 3d views of final design 98
Appendix 9 Mater layout 88
Appendix 11 Sections of final design 90
Appendix 19 Bird’s eye view of center 97
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Appendix 5 Module and material......................................................................................... 84
Appendix 17 View Pavilion for bird watching and leisure 95
Appendix 14 Detail layout of final plan 93
Appendix 16 3D modules for bird watching and leisure 95
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Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
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Appendix 8 Detail of Green roof and Plant species 87
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Appendix 4 Section AA’ 78
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Appendix 15 Module elevations 94
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Appendix 1 Zoning of Development 1 Stage 76
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• Wetland area: 1400 hectare
1.2 Site brief
1.1 Wetland
• Site location: Nandur Madhmeshwar wetland ,Niphad ,Nashik, Maharashtra
• Type of wetland: Marsh barrage and water collection
Wetlands are area where water covers the soil, or in present either at or near the surface of the soil all year or for varying periods of time during the year, including the growing season.
Site brief include basic site information like site location types of wetlands, wetland area and selected site area.
In today’s era people are destroying the nature for their convenience and comfortability every year flora and fauna are getting destroyed because of human activities illegal fishing on wetland, cattle grazing, using more and more chemical fertilizer due to it hydrological fragmentation, salinity, soil erosion.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Introduction
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Problem statement
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College Architecture
1 Introduction
Because of all these activities and no awareness about the wetland, the life cycle maintained of the surrounding flora and fauna are getting destroyed and it will be affected on the micro climate of that wetland region.
• Selected site area: 50,000 sqm (1st phase)
As we know wetland are very critical and sensitive eco systems so people need to understand why they should protect wetland. So, this welfare center will involve the public in different activities which will focusing on wetland conservation, biology, research and rehabilitation of birds.
1.3 About wetland welfare and environmental research
The finding of study identified research gaps that requires to establish strategies that consider how native communities surrounding the wetland will get benefit without harming the wetland. There will workshop and campaigns for the people by which there will more awareness about the values of wetland ecosystem. Considering research about the biodiversity of the wetland. Creating an architecture which will be merged with nature as well participation of tourists and local people will enhance the success of the project.
Significance of the study
Importance of wetlands welfare and park are necessary
Studying wetland is a unique experience to study about the biology of flora and fauna, how the ecosystem is working? In what ways every species has their role to perform? How local people are benefiting by this type of ecosystem and how ecosystem is benefiting by native communities?
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Introduction Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture 2
Wetlands are vital for human survival. they are among the world’s most productive environments cradles of biological diversity that provide the water and productivity upon which countless species of plants and animals depend for survival. Wetlands are indispensable for the countless benefits or “ecosystem services” that they provide humanity, ranging from freshwater supply, food and building materials, and biodiversity, to flood control, groundwater recharge, and climate change
The role of this study here becomes important by this project will contribute majorly by establishing the pattern of migratory birds, breeding pattern, lifecycle maintenance, how the micro environment is created for the specific surrounding. The study will used by Government, Educational institutes and for the other purpose.
mitigation.These
centers are the one which will provide the platform for the native’s people and back supporting system to the international and national wetlands. In India there is not a single wetland welfare and research center which can help the community to reconnect to the nature and involve tourist in the activities.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Introduction
Wetlansurvival.dsare
indispensable for the countless benefits or “ecosystem services” that they provide humanity, ranging from freshwater supply, food and building materials, and biodiversity, to flood control, groundwater recharge, and climate change mitigation.
be though that if these ecosystems will die than half percentage of the oxygen will cut out from the earth.
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Necessity of wetlands
Wetlands are vital for human survival. they are among the world’s most productive environments cradles of biological diversity that provide the water and productivity upon which countless species of plants and animals depend for
Figure 1 1 Impotence of wetlands in graphics
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Vegetation, mammals and reptiles thrive on the wetland biodiversity if it will get disrupted then we will loss very important part from the mother earth and as most intellectual species on the earth it’s our vital duty to protect them.Itcan
“Form must have content, and that content must be linked from nature” Alvar Aalto
Figure 1 2 Types of Wetlands
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Introduction
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• Habitat to aquatic flora and fauna, as well as numerous species of birds, including migratory species.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Introduction
• Stabilization of local climate.
Urbanization increasing developmental pressure for residential, industrial and commercial facilities. Anthropogenic activities unplanned urban and agricultural development, industries, road construction, impoundment, resource extraction and dredge disposal. Agricultural activities conversion of wetlands for paddy fields; construction of a large number of reservoirs, canals and dams; diversion of streams and rivers to provide for irrigation.
• Nutrient’s recycling
Stop draining wetlandsDredge disposal
• Support all life forms through extensive food webs.
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Benefits of wetlands
• Comprise an important resource for sustainable tourism.
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Figure 1 4 Benefits of wetland in 3d chart
Threats to Wetlands
Figure 1 5 Different threats to wetland
• Buffer shorelines against erosion.
• Recreation and cultural heritage.
Figure 1 3 benefits of wetland
Resource extraction
• Genetic reservoir for various species of plants
Industrial threats Road construction
• Filtration of sediments and nutrients from surface water
Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems. They directly or indirectly support millions of people and provide goods and services to them. Various goods and services. Benefits Provided by wetlands are as follows.
Figure 1.6 Farming ecosystem
Map 1 Water usage world wide
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Below diagrams shows that how should be the agricultural ecosystem has destroyed the wetlands and why should we follow natural ecosystem for successful farming.Below
diagram shows for farming all over the world which countries are
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Introduction
Bhagwan
Figure 1 8 Chart of Wetland area under Water spread area
College of
Bachelor Architecture, Mahavir Architecture
Wetlands are a critical part of our natural environment. They protect our shores from wave action, reduce the impacts of floods, absorb pollutants and improve water quality. They provide habitat for animals and plants and many contain a wide diversity of life, supporting plants and animals that are found nowhere else. Wetlands in India account for 4.7% of the total geographical area of the country. These wetlands provide numerous ecosystem goods and services, but are under stress. Reasons for wetlands loss in India are urbanization, land use changes and pollution.
Map 2 International wetlands in India
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Introduction
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Figure 1 7 Chart of Wetland area under aquatic vegetation
Wetlands in India
There is no proper regulatory framework for conservation of wetlands in India. Sequestration swamps, mangroves, peat lands, mires and marshes play an important role in carbon cycle. While wetland sediments are the long term stores of carbon, short term stores are in wetland existing biomass (plants, animals, bacteria and fungi) and dissolved components in the surface and groundwater. Though wetlands contribute about 40% of the global methane (ch4) emissions, they have the highest carbon (c) density among
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Introduction
Bachelor Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir
has totally 27,304 wetland 23,444 inland wetlands 3,959 coastal wetlands wetland occupy 18.4% of the country’s area out of which 70% are under paddy cultivation. In India, out of an estimated 4.1 m ha (excluding irrigated agricultural lands, rivers, and streams) of wetlands, 1.5 m ha are natural, while 2.6 m ha are manmade. The coastal wetlands occupy an estimated 6,750 sq km, and are largely dominated by mangrove vegetation. The wildlife institute of India’s survey reveals that they are disappearing at a rate of 2% to 3% every year.
terrestrial ecosystems and relatively greater capacities to sequester additional carbon dioxideIndia(co2)
Aquatic (fresh water) vegetation which grows around streams, rivers, lakes, etc. has more ecological significance than sea water vegetation. The former maintains water quality by filtering out nutrients and sediments. They also play a role in the food web. Seeds or tubers found in fresh water ecosystem are consumed by waterfowl species. Many plants enter the food chain as detritus, which are small plant particles formed after decomposition of plants and are subsequently consumed by
invertebrates.Fresh water vegetation, thereby, serves as a breeding ground for aquatic and terrestrial fauna. It provides nesting areas to migratory birds. They help prevent erosion and stabilize soil. Wetland’s flora can broadly be classified into submerged water plants, floating water plants, emergent water plants and riparian water plants. Submerged water plants are 100 per cent under water, and provide food source for native fauna and habitat for invertebrates. They also possess filtration capabilities. Floating water plants are found in slow moving water and have small roots. They are a source of food for avian species. Emergent water plants grow above water with their roots submerged in marsh localities. Surrounding trees and shrubs found along the edges of wetlands or other water bodies are called riparian water plants.
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Figure 1 9 Life maintenance cycle
Role of flora and fauna in wetland ecosystem
2.2 Objective
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• To design the structure which responses to the climate and minimizes the negative impact on the wetland ecosystem. The idea is to monitor the endangered species, migratory birds and other flora and fauna.
Figure 2 2 Exploring Figure 2 3
2 Aim and Objectives of the study
The aim is to create awareness about the unique biodiversity and ecology of the wetland, that could educate the local people and tourist why wetlands are important in the world and why we have to save them by which human and nature and co exist. The idea is teaching local communities about sustainable farming techniques and abouts vegetation so the ecosystem of the surrounding can be maintaining.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Aim and objectives of the study
• To create a design which will harmonized with nature and built with the exploration in local material of that region. The activities will be accordance with the surrounding environment, which add to the designation of that region characteristics of the surrounding environment.
2.1 Aim
• The idea is to design management process developed in a phase through time to understand the process that had happen on the site and happening in the site at present.
• The activities will be also training the local that how can they help the wetland ecosystem as well as surrounding. Constructing artificial wetland for water recycling.
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Figure 2.1 Research
Bachelor Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir
farmingSustainable
2.5 Scope
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Aim and objectives of the study Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture 10
species.Because
• To understand the ecology, biology and biodiversity of the region. Studying the architecture of the wetland ecosystem.
The aim is to create awareness about the unique biodiversity and ecology of the wetland, that could educate the local people and tourist why wetlands are important in the world and why we have to save them by which human and nature and co exist. The idea is teaching local communities about sustainable farming techniques and abouts vegetation so the ecosystem of the surrounding can be maintaining.
The study will explore the different aspects of innovative construction on wetland with the exploration in local materials. The study can propose how architecture can be used for helping nature and its surrounding. A study will involve with the ideas of landscape and trails for the visiting people. Also, different aspects of sustainable landscape and transitional landscape will be achieved.
There is a rescue center for the birds but there are no facilities in the center. There will a new rescue center in 2 3 years on the existing site for the birds and other
This need is for researching the soil of the wetland as well taxonomy in the water. By proposing this project, the Youth form the surrounding villages will get employment and will get salary. This project will help tourist to understand about wetland ecosystem in depth and tourist and native people will be together in workshops and campaigns.
2.3 Assumptions/Stake holders
of not having proper staff people working there don’t know how many birds are getting injured. The project will help the native bird species for the breeding programs because in monsoon the nest is getting destroyed because of rise in the water. The research will help on the monitoring and controlling invasive species on the wetland.
2.4 Need of the project
Figure 2 4 Design methodology
2.7 Methodology
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The area of study will be only the terrestrial and aquatic plants which attract the birds and other species and important to biodiversity. The research will only focus on important and critically endangered species in the wetland as well on farming techniques.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Aim and objectives of the study
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
2.6 Limitations
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
3 Literature Case Studies
Figure 3 2 Location of the center
3.1 Chongming Dongtan Wetland Research and Education Center
Figure 3 1 Elevation
The Dongtan Wetland is located at the estuary of the Yangtze River at the eastern end of Chongming Island. It is an estuarine tidal flat wetland that combines brackish and fresh water. It is located in the middle of the “East Asia Australia” route, one of the eight major migratory routes for birds in the world, and is an important channel for migrating waterbirds in the
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Overview
Asia Pacific region. The supporting scientific research and education center is an important work platform for scientific research monitoring, bird ring logging, management and protection law enforcement, and popular science education. It undertakes the functions of
This study has given me in depth understanding of site response, though site have salinity context.
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Literature review
of Architecture,
Objective
Activities
There are some activities shows below. • Bird logging • Bird monitoring
•
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• Total area: 800,000 sqm built up area: 3500 sqm
In order to repair the wetland ecological deterioration caused by the alien invasive species Spartina alterniflora introduced in the 1990s for beach consolidation, the Shanghai Chongming Dongtan Bird National Nature Reserve initiated an ecological eradication of Spartina alterniflora in 2013.
Ecological and environmental protection concepts
• Climate: Humid subtropical climate
• Type of project: animal, institute, conservation
Concept
Popular science education displaying
•
Management and protection law enforcement
publicizing and displaying ecological and environmental protection concepts, and promoting foreign exchanges and cooperation.
Figure 3 3 Concept
• Location: Shanghai, China
The inspiration is from secluded shacks scattering between the mountains and waters, which described by the ancient Chinese landscape painter Wang Meng in fourteenth century. With the intention of minimizing the impact on the local ecosystem whenever this place is under construction or in use, the architectural volume is divided and scattered, forming a group of settlements above the pile platform, floating on the water and hidden among the reeds.
•
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The project consists of five buildings. The main building is for conference and exhibition, which contains a multifunctional hall and a permanent exhibition hall that can host science and research meetings and public education activities. In conjunction with the multi function hall, we also designed a coffee shop for breaks. The canteen building has three dining spaces, one large, two smalls, and the large dining room can accommodate about twenty people
Which can also be compatible with meeting purposes. Canteens are only put into use when needed for seminars or public educational activities. 3 6 Iso view of
siteFigure 3 4 Management and protection law enforcement activities 1 2 345 Figure 3 5 Bird monitoring Activities
Figure
Design strategies and planning
Figure 3.10 Interior view of center
Figure 3 7 Site plan
Figure 3 8 Plan of block 1
Since the environment where the project is located has not yet been formed, and the surrounding area is empty, there is basically no sense of scale, so the decisive positive derivation of the environment cannot be used to design.
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Together with the multifunctional hall, we also designed a café where people could take a rest during meetings. The canteen is located in another building, including three dining areas, one of which is larger in size with a capacity of about 20 people. It could also be used as a meeting place. The canteen would only come into service when needed for seminars or public education activities. Generally, semi manufactured food is delivered to the kitchen for cooking, leaving out the rough processing.This shows how they has connected the spaces and context through architecture one more thing they have considered that how the roofing will be done using local material and to catch more passive light and ventilation.Figure
3.9 Sky light comes from the roof
Figure 3.12 View of block 1
Figure 3.11 exterior View of block 1
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zoning
of centerFigure 3 14
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Figure 3 Circulation Sectional
Figure 3 13 Module design
Due to this special linear spatial organization, a strange experience of free switching between static and dynamic views is produced inside the building: when living in a certain spatial unit, the view parallel to the structural unit is a kind of body
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Figure 3 16 zoning
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of center
SemiPublicpublicPrivate PPublicrivate
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Figure 3.18 material used in center
a square column is used, the cross section of the column may need to be more than one meter square, which is slightly crude and crude that the four corners should not be involved in the force on both sides, and they can be dug out, and the cross section becomes a cross. Although the outer size of the cross shaped column will be slightly larger than that of the square column, it has more lines, a bit like a Gothic beam column, providing some notches that can be touched and felt, and a sense of scale.
Material used for above case study such as concreate, wood, steel and glass.
Steel Glass
Figure 3 17 Materials of structure
Concre Wood
wrapped house Under the eaves for a quiet experience, the external natural scenery is in front of your eyes; and when you walk through different space units, the rhythm of the alternating changes of high and low light and dark is like walking between garden houses.If
College of
• Client: environment and protected areas authority
Bhagwan
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Overview
of
3.2 Waist Wetland Centre
• Built area: 2500 sqm
• Climate: arid, mild, pleasant winters, very hot
This case study has expand my knowledge about conversation of birds.
• Location: Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
A wetland visitor center was established on site to continue protecting the natural environment, educate people on the richness of the wetland ecosystem and provides information about the birds that frequent the area and other wetlands areas of the emirate. The facility became heaven for bird watchers and researchers.
Program study
Part of a much larger project to clean up and rehabilitate this ancient chain of wetlands along the Gulf coast, the Centre aims to provide information and education about this unique environment and to encourage its preservation. The architecture of the center uses the existing topography of the site to minimize the structure’s impact.
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Figure 3.19 Site
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3.20 view of Waist Wetland Centre
locationFigure
• Total area: 876,000 sqm
Waist Nature Reserve was originally a waste water and rubbish dump. The rehabilitation process of the damaged eco system started in 2005, 40,000m2 of rubbish removed, 35,000 trees been re planted, healing the land from toxic chemicals and conservation of the unique salt flats and coastal sand dunes. After years of efforts to bring the non migratory birds back to the site, WNR is now home to 350 species of birds, a landing zone for 33,000 migrate birds and a breathing lung to Sharjah city.
1. Response to physical constraints siting, climate, plot ratios, etc.
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Upon arrival, visitors are led underground along a pathway into a linear gallery with a transparent wall that allows them to view the birds of the wetland in their natural habitat. The center also contains documentation and displays about the wetlands, and a cafeteria and shop.
There are some concerned behind this project which being followed in this literature study.
2 Response to user requirements; spatial organization
The Emirate of Sharjah covers approximately 2,600 square kilometres. In addition to Sharjah city, which lies on the shores of the Arabian Gulf, the emirate has three regions on the scenic east coast at the Gulf of Oman: DiBa Al His, Khor Fakkan and Kalba. Therefore, it is the only one of the seven emirates to have land on both coasts. Since 1972, His Highness Sheikh Dr Sultan bin Mohammed Al Qasimi has been a Member of the Supreme Council of the United Arab Emirates and Ruler of Sharjah.
4. Landscaping
The local architecture in Sharjah represents a mixture of different eras. However, the area around this site and beyond, in the north eastern part of Sharjah,
Figure 3.21 Conceptual diagram
3. Purely formal aspects massing, articulation of façades, decorative features, use of traditional motifs, etc.
Site
of
Concept
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1. Local architectural character, including prevalent forms and materials:
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Figure 3.25 Outer vegetation around built area
Since the building is now conveniently set into a contour in response to a sudden drop in elevation, it seems to be part of the landscape and does not have a presence at all as one approach it. The visitor centre building is almost knee high into the ground throughout, which must offer some relief given the hot climate of Sharjah. A well insulated roof has been a focus since this is the most exposed part of the building and it overhangs the glass façades to shade and protect them.
Figure 3.22 Site segregation
There were three main areas required for users which include an administrative and educational area, an observation and learning area and a cafe
Sharjah has a very hot and dry desert climate. Temperatures are in excess of 40 degrees Celsius (104ºF). Rainfall is scarce and mostly around February and March. Winters are moderately warm, while the breeze in the evening can be cool due to the proximity of the Gulf.
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2. Climatic conditions:
3. Immediate surroundings of the site:
Including architectural character, access, landscaping, etc. The site next to Ajman, to the north east of Sharjah is close to large suburban houses planned in a city grid. Some land the north of the site is unused, while the east is flanked by another housing grid. Everything around the site is low density and with hardly any landscaping. There is no distinct character of buildings that are in the vicinity of site.
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is considered suburban, featuring mostly large residential buildings with varying architectural styles.
Design strategies and ideas
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Figure 3 23 Glass facade Figure 3 24 Exterior shading material
which doubles as a multipurpose area. The center provides for all three with clarity. Additionally, there are various bird hides around the site for visitors who wish to tour the wetlands. These hides, though built in the same materials, have unique designs as each has a different immediate context given the local landscape and topography.
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Figure 3 28 Daylight inside the built area through louver
The plan of the building resembles a composition of two perpendicular bars at an odd angle. Its form is almost never visible to users or visitors as they descend into the ground upon entering the building. One arrives at an intersection of two
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Figure 3 27 Inside galleries view
“bars” with daylight pouring through shading louvres in a space that feels like a courtyard with slightly angular dynamic geometry. The plan is almost like an asymmetrical cross, where one wing carries the administration and services, while the other holds the viewing of activity
Figuregalleries.326Zoning
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There is extensive landscaping throughout the 200,000 square metre site. Given the concern and the intent, the first step was to clean up the site and to get rid of all irrelevant species that had been planted before. Only a few rare mature trees (decorative ones imported from Africa) have been spared and were not seen as harmful in any way.
Figure 3.30 Internal zoning and circulation
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PublicPrivateSemiPublicpubliccirculation
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Figure 3 29 Visitor’s center plan
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Part of the experience of the center is being outdoors where one is moved around in golf carts to stop at various bird hides. The hides are designed such that there is cross ventilation through the planks, while they are covered on top. Inside the visitor center, HVAC systems keep the place cool enough. Sufficient insulation has been added to the roof section as most of the length is a glazed window. Windows are shaded by overhangs while the aviaries have fabric shades that provide further shade to adjacent
The site is quite large but as it matures it requires less resources to survive.
The revival of this entire site is a significant large scale environmental response. Re planting of indigenous species was essential to a long term brief, encouraging the return of native bird species and attracting many other migrating birds not to mention the insects and other animals that have begun to inhabit the area and enrich the ecosystem. The flora and fauna are appropriately addressed in this renewal.The
Figure 3.32 Site Section Wetland body pavilion
There is hardly any rainfall in Sharjah, so extensive retention strategies have not been used. A large site such as this one will absorb water as rainfall takes place. Around the visitor centre building, rainwater from the roof is collected and distributed to various parts of the surrounding landscape.
Figure 3 31 Part section connection between indoor outdoor
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bird hides attempt to remain basic, acting like light pavilions in the landscape with minimal presence. An existing flat part of the site has been turned into a parking area which is near the entrance, requiring minimum site works and keeping cars away from the buildings and the rest of the protected wetlands.
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Overview Location:
Glass was the primary material, fixed at a slightly tilt to avoid reflections on the inside and to intentionally create reflection on the outside.
Figurecenter3.34 satellite image of site
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3.3 Beautour biodiversity research center and museum
Climate:Beautour. warm and temperate Client: Region
Total area:
Through its minimal design and the choice of concrete and white plastered surfaces throughout, the rest of the building makes no attempt to attach itself to a particular style or type.
la
Figure 3 33 Materials used in the
SteelConcretarea WhiteGlassplaster
SQM built area:
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This case study has show me how to use local material technology to be one with nature. Le Bourg sous la Roche, des Pays de Loire 80,000 2057m²
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Material and technology
Educational or graphic material designed by relevant professionals in various media can be seen on wall surfaces, carefully thought out and placed. Technology use is as required in terms of building systems, including lighting and MEP systems, where no unique technology is deployed other than the latest conventional solutions at the time of building.
Figure 3 37
Site plan
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Figure of
The project is neither a theme park, nor an ornamental garden," they explained. "This really is a site specific project, inspired by the local biodiversity, the topography and the other qualities that are proper to Beautour.
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This is particularly clear in projects for visitors’ canters and visitable research facilities connected to strongly characterized areas and regions. Here architects have to deal, along with functional or aesthetic requirements, also with particular local construction techniques as well as with complex relationships between building, museum’s mission and surrounding environment, since these elements must be all considered as fundamental parts of the whole design concept.
Eventually he donated the collection to the Musee National d’Histoire naturelle in Paris. After Durand’s death in 1964, his mansion was abandoned and only in 2009 the regional government started a project to promote and regenerate the site, in June 2013 the Beautour, centre regional de decouverte de la biodiversite, opened to the public. The idea was to create a learning and research centre focused on biodiversity and environment conservation.
The Museum & Biodiversity Centre in Beautour is an institution focused on biodiversity located in the Pays de la Loire, not far from the Atlantic coast of France. The Centre lies where once the famous naturalist Georges Durand had a mansion, that still exists. During his life, Durand collected nearly 5,000 birds, 150,000 butterflies and insects, and two herbaria with 4,500 plants,
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1)legends:visitors parking 2) open aisle 3) willow nest 4) picnic area 5) experimental valley 6) “monsieur durand” garden 7) bicycle park 8) small ponds 9) wood with thorns 10) enclosed insects 11) center beautor 12) filter basis 13) meadow 14) ponds
3 35 3D view
the site
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Figure 3 38 Isometric view
The new building design by Guinée Potin architects was also conducted in accordance with the global regeneration and the biodiversity fostering constraints.
The requirements for the design of the new extension were thus quite demanding. By first, the new 1,400 square meters building had to cope with the existing Durand’s mansion without visually overwhelming it. To accomplish to such aim, Guinee Potin created a low rise construction which seems flowing into the site and embracing the old house. Furthermore, the extension had to be in complete accordance with the surrounding environment and with the center’s mission.
The project envisaged both a landscape redesign on an area of 8 hectares and the realization of a new building, in addition to the old mansion of Durand. The landscape planning, carried out by the practice Guillaume Sevin Paysages, envisaged both the realization of new elements and the conservation of plots already present on site. Thematic gardens, ponds, marshes, trails, meadows, woods and wild gardens create a complex and diverse set for biodiversity carefully Balanced between integral preservation and stronger interventions.
Architectural requirements
The sinuous forms of the building are decisively marked by its thatched skin, so that a contemporary use of a traditional local technique provides the center with a strong identity; since it is made with a natural material, the roof covering will transform over time, shifting its colors toward tones of grey with ageing and adapting
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The building is raised over the ground on thin pillars, both to reduce the impact of the foundation works and to preserve and unveil the natural elements lying below and around it.
The structure is made of timber framework and adopted dry construction methods. The addition also strongly relies on passive solar energy techniques and is carefully oriented on a north south axis also for such purpose. Rainwater collecting, waste-water Phyto depuration and bio-mass heating solutions have also been widely adopted.
its appearance to seasonal changes. The requirement was not harming the old building.From our point of view, this contextual approach compensates the ideal of the bioclimatic shape, and follows these principles. Light impact on the surroundings by using natural thatch and raising the building on stilts, lowering the impact of foundationSolarworks.south
Figure 3 41 building raising by stiles
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of
Planning
facade, generously open on the landscape, and circulations concentrated on the north side Maximal in factory prefabrication phase, allowing a clean construction site and a low environmental disturbance. Thick walls are to maintain proper insulation in extreme conditions.
Figure 3 39 detail wall section
Figure 3 42 thatch material used in construction
Figure 3 40 window detail from the outside
1) home 2) documentation 3) collection exhibition room 4) modular exhibition room 5) conference room 6) food court 7) educational fair 8) educational workshop 9) educational greenhouse 10) enclosure 11) wood boiler 12) wood silo 13) relaxation area 14) cloakroom Cal 15) office 16) storage 17) sanitary 18) personal sanitation 19) technical room 20) waste room 21) equipment room
Figure 3 44 Circulation of the center
The final result is a fascinating ensemble of high-quality appearance, innovation, sustainability but, perhaps even more important, a building which provides a sense of respect for nature, for the history of the site and for both who once lived here and who will visit the center from now on.
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PrivateSemiPublicpublic PublicPublic
Figure 3.43 Plan of center
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Figure 3 45 Zoning of the center
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30 sheetsComparative3.4 IstudyComparativeFigure346
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31 IIstudyComparativeFigure3.47
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4.1 Program of case studies
4 Case Study Program Analysis
Table 4 1 program of case study I
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Table 4 2 Program of case study II
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Program study
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Table 4 5 Program II of case study III
Table 4 3 Program II of case study IV
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Table 4 4 program of case study IV
Table 4 6 Program I of case study III
Tourist role is major in wetland welfare as there the one who will inform the other surrounding people living around them. As in context of India less people are participating in these types of activities and only travel to enjoy and refresh. So, the idea is to creating a different program which will involve tourist in welfare and understating the role of wetland on the earth.
Natives
The program is created through users’ analysis as form surrounding context local People then Scientists and tourist. As local people are the one which are managing the wetland welfare from 0 100 involving local communities and giving them education and Jobs is creating a cycle of revenue for them other than agriculture.Targeting
Scientists are the personality who educate natives and tourist about the wetland will research on the flora and fauna of the wetland. They will also research on medicinal and herbal plants as well as on water taxonomy
Tourist
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Figure 4 1 Users group of the project
the age group of 25 40 for giving them knowledge about wetland because they are the next generation. Then age group above 45+ are getting education of sustainable farming and aquaculture by which they can use less chemical fertilizer surrounding the wetland.
4.2 Program derivation
Scientist
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Figure 4 2 Users and spaces segregation of project
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Users and spaces
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Table 4 7 Final program I
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Final program
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Table 4 8 Final program of the project II
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Table 4 9 Final program of the project III
Table 4 10 Final program of the project IV
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The Nandur Madhameshwar wildlife sanctuary. the said area prior to declaration of sanctuary said to be protected as closed area since 1983. Other factors which impact the preparation & implementation of the scheme are the multiple stakeholders in the use of the reservoir like the inhabitants of the 11 villages located on the fringes of the reservoir, the fisherman who regularly carryout fishing.
The people who carryout galpera or seasonal cropping, those dependent on the reservoir for irrigation, drinking water, tourists, bird lovers and government departments like irrigation, fisheries, tourism the forest. Therefore, this Nandur madhameshwar wildlife sanctuary needs more flexible management plan.
• Site should have some attraction of tourists as well should have flora and fauna for research purpose.
• Site should be not less than 100 ha unless it has some ecological or other significance.
• It is covering the maximum criteria
5.1 Site selection criteria
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5.2 Site Introduction
The district is divided in 6 talukas viz, Nandurbar, Nawapur, Shahada, Naloda, Akkalkua and Akrani. The population of Nandurabar district is 16,46,177 and the population density is 276 persons/sq.Km. As per the 2011 census. Agriculture
In this chapter there will be how I select the site, micro and macro analysis with existing site diagrams
Site location: nandur madhameshwar wildlife sancturay and wetland, majargoan ,niphad taluka, nashik district.
Site is of international importance.
5 Site study
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On the right flank of river Godavari especially a large wetland of around 1000 ha. Is developed where the maximum population, diversity and activities of the bird species can be observed.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
Hence due to long tern deposition of silt and organic matter various kinds of microhabitats are developed that includes wetlands, marshy area, swamps, islets, small bogs. In the backwater area between two rivers there is moderate forest that also an important microhabitat as a part of this sanctuary.
is the main occupation of the people. The district forms part of Tapi and Narmada basins.
Figure 5.1 Site Context
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BIOLOGICAL:
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Figure 5.2 Site Approach
Site Approach
The Nandur Madhameshwar is located at a distance of about 40 km East of Nishik in Niphad Taluka in Nashik district of Maharashtra State. It is about 55 km from Nashik Road Railway station. Niphad Township is 12 km to the North of the pick up weir of Nandur Madhameshwar.
The area is easily approachable by pucca roads from Nashik as well as from Niphad. State transport buses are playing regularly over these roads. The Nandur Madhameshwar reservoir falls in the biogeographic province 6D. of central plateau region. Topography is mostly flat, with average elevation of 640 Ms. Highest point 815 Ms. In the last 100 year, Nandur Madhmeshwer pick up weir has accumulated vast amount of silt, numerous tiny mud island has formed in addition to permanent island near Manjargaon. These islands are covered with reeds and sedges.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
College of
This wetland is basically formed because of deposition of silts. The numerous tiny islands have been formed in addition to the permanent island near Manjargaon. A number of shallow water stretches have also been formed along the riverbanks. The main river course of Kadwa and Godavari is deep. The shallow water pools are rich in algae. Partly submerged area has a thick growth of aquatic vegetation. The marsh is largely covered by good growth of reeds.
Importance of site
Figureregion.53
ECONOMICAL:
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The major migratory species are Ducks, Storks, Ibises, Cranes, Flamingos and Weeders. In the migration season the scene at Nandur Madhameshwar is amazing, as one can observe large flocks of various species of birds together.
Benefits and values
Nandur Madhameshwar wetland is biologically rich and it is the habitat for diverse variety of flora and fauna. Migration season of birds is October Nov. to Feb March each year. During this season the area attracts lots of migratory birds coming from far off places.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
The water Hyacinth has made considerable invasion. Parthenium growth is also increasing. Almeida (1983) listed 80 species of aquatic plants, notables are Ipomea fitulosa,Ipomea aquatica, Hydrophilia auriculata ,Phylanodiflora, Polygonum glabrum, Rumex detatus, Hydrilla verticillata, Elchornia species, Typha species, Pontamogeton species, Paspslidum species. Tree species are Ficus, Mango, Tamarind, Neem, Acacias etc.
Prior to the construction of the Nandur Madhameshwer weir this region was quite dry. But due to construction of the pickup weir, irrigation to the adjoining cultivation is assured. This has helped to bring areas under irrigation thereby changing the economy of the
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
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RECREATIONAL:
This wetland is a complex ecosystem with interlinkages with other wetlands in the proximity. The main water course of river Godavari & Kadwa, the small islands, shallow water pond, adjoining cultivation field, all other small Town forms a unique complex chain of wetland.
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Fishing is another major economic activity that has resulted because of formation of reservoir. Another activity that has enriched the local economy is galpera or the seasonal cropping carried out on the reservoir bed as the water recedes. Thus, one can see that the Nandur Madhameshwer wetland has major economic significance in this region.
EDUCATIONAL:
The scope for conservation, Education & awareness through the NMS is tremendous. The conservation biology of different resident birds, the migratory patterns, the habit & habitat of diverse species inhabiting the reservoir ,the special ecological niches, interlinkages between the various components of the ecosystem are source of many aspects of ecological studies.
The Nandur Madhameshwer reservoir has a great recreational & aesthetic value. The scenic beauty of landscape particularly at sunrise & sunset is unique. The flocks of thousands of migratory & local birds during the peak season i.e., in between October & March make a fascinating sight. The entire reservoir gets covered with colorful avian fauna in this period. Even walking along the lake side is enjoyable.
Figure 5.4 Threats
SCIENTIFIC:
There are religious temples around Nandur Madhameshwer reservoir such as Siddeshwer at Karanjgaon, Sangameshwer & Nawsya Ganpati at Khangaon Thadi, Mrugwadeshwer at Nandur Madhameshwer.Piligrims & tourist are visiting these Temples every year. These sites of religious importance need to be developed from the view of tourist attraction.
Nandur madhameshwar lies on 577 m above sea level. Average temp.is about 24. Celsius. Type of climate here is tropical. The summers are much rainier than the winters.
The first graph is representing the fluctuation in temperature over the year. However, the second chart is showing the overall, analysis of the rainfall.The third one is showing the annual analysis of humidity. The climate was quite humid when I had visited site.
Site location- preface
Climate
Figuremaps5
6 Graphs of Climate diagram
India Maharashtra Nashik Site Map 3 location
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5.3 Site analysis
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
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RELIGIOUS VALUE:
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Godavari river
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
Mapping of terrain Water fluctuation mapping Villages Salinity mapping Demographic data Gro morphological mapping Water basin mapping
In this analysis I have covered the routes and land use in the sanctuary. The list of Mappings below:
Macro analysis
. Other than this winter and monsoon are the major preferable seasons for migratory birds. The reason to choose this site was because of its tropical rainy climate which help in growth of vegetation.
Map 4 sun path diagram of the site
Figure 5.7 site context photos
Temple Main primary Road
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of Architecture,
College of Architecture 50 Map 5 Sanctuary mapping Reserved forest Murgeshwarl House typology Figure 5 8 Site context photos
Land and terrain mapping
Contour mapping
Terrain map River SalinityLandusebasinGeomorphological
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Map
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6 land terrain mapping
of
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Soil and water fluctuation mapping
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These are the maps showing water fluctuation and type of soil.
Figure 5.9 Soil and water fluctuation
The total population of Niphad Taluka is 493,251 out of which urban population is 74,398 while rural is 418,853. As per Census 2011, total families in Niphad were 16,442.
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
Table 5 2 The below data is of the 11 villages located in nandur sanctuary
Table 5.1 population of village with age group
The total population of Niphad Taluka is 493,251 out of which urban population is 74,398 while rural is 418,853. As per Census 2011, total families in Niphad were 16,442.
Demographic data
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The below map shows the land use of the site and villages un near context. Other than that it also shows the human encroachment and how they are expanding there land into the wetland.
of
Land use and route mapping
Agricultural land Forest departmentWetland Governmentresidential Barren land Map 7 Land use map
Primary road
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
Secondary road
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Map 8 Road networks
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The above map is about the road connectivity with site. To enter the site one have to travel through state highway and then through secondary road.
Tertiary road
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56 BuiltOpen
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Map 9 Built and open map
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Map 11 Bird mapping
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Purple heron White breasted bird black bitten paddy filed wabler Indian whistling duck Lesser flamingo Nesting island of birds Spot bill duck
Figure 5.10 Species of bird at site
5.4 Micro analysis
College of
The below map is about the bird nesting sites are there and breeding grounds.
Bird Mapping
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The above mapping is providing us information about the nesting breeding site of native aquatic birds along with migratory. Whilst this information is provided by RFO officer of the sanctuary.
Pink painted stork Purple maroon fish tail jacana Grey heron
Map 12 Tree Mapping
Total site area: 49,430 sq. m.
Map 13 Site dimensions
preface
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College Architecture
Existing site area 13040 sq. m.
of
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Treemapping and Existing site
New expansion: 36,381 sq. m.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
The above micro analysis of existing site depicts the existing infrastructure and trails network along with watching towers.
Map 14 Existing site and wetland mapping
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Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College
Map 15 site section and diagrams
These diagrams shows existing the eco system and how flora and fauna depend upon it.
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
Site Section and diagrams
Opportunities
• Excessive using of chemical fertilizer and no crop rotation can de lead to hydrological fragmentation and soil erosion.
• Site is on secondary road and there is no proper services on the existing site.
• View from the site of wetland and its surrounding.
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• The site will create opportunities for native people for jobs and employment.
• It will give the opportunities to the tourist for truly understanding the importance of it to the region and life.
• It is lifecycle maintaining ecosystem for the migratory and native birds Providing livestock and fishes to native people
Strength
• There is no Nosie pollution or air pollution on the site.
• The site is 40km away from Nashik and it is easy to approach.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
• Site is surrounded by agricultural land.
• Site can be redeveloped with a new infrastructure which will attract tourist.
• There is not proper transportation system form Nashik to nandur Mdhameshwar
• Because of migratory birds’ people will be attracted.
• Every year about 20,000 birds come on the site and because of this there is a major tourist attraction.
Threats
• The water release from the dam water can be affected to the site
• Eco-tourism, awareness activities, research, conservation.
• Site has pollutants and extra nutrients directly coming from the factories.
Weakness
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
• There are already natural birds island on the site, as well constructed watch towers are there.
• The site is an international wetland.
• There is no demarcation on the site and because of it there is no control Human activities.
• There are already allotted spaces for flora and fauna growth.
Secondary road to the site
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Site study
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Existing administration office Wetland
Existing trails Existing trails Wetland Wetland Wetland Figure
12
Existing site garden
images and context
Watch tower 5 site
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture Site images
Figure 6 1 Conceptual diagram
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6.1 Concept
Bachelor Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir
Vision: The motive is to use architecture and environment as a tool to harmonize human and nature. To make them realize that they can co exist to gather, and because of the nature they are here.
6 Concept and process
of
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
The design strategy mixture of architecture and environment for constantly engaging and them learning about wetland. To give users Phycological and Physical essence of nature.
Figure 6 2 Conceptual diagram
Figure 6.3 vision diagram
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
Figure 6 4 Ideas Diagram
To design eco sensitive (architecture) which not only invites human but also nature, birds and insects. To create spaces which connect to nature and understand the lost importance of reconnecting to nature.
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
AvianI vision Birds Mirco climate
Concerns
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To design spaces where one can forget the urban chaos and experience the beauty of architecture, nature and ecology of the surrounding The major architectural concern is to create a symbiotic relationship between human, environment and wetland.
Climate: - Bio-climatic design
Tropical Climate: Taking advantage of the local climate resources to provide an a comfortable environment.to reduce energy consumption due to need of mechanical heating or cooling to reduce energy consumption due to need of mechanical heating or cooling. It is created by, solar radiation, wind orientation and passive strategies. Transmitting of the color. Thus, using these techniques in my design it will help to sustain structure for long time.
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Figure 6.5 Bioclimatic design
Figure 6 7 Space typology in Wada
Opening size, using local architecture pattern in the design with the help of local materials In Maharashtra Vernacular houses are called Wada made up of (mud, timber, bricks and stone).
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
6 10 Inner Outer Connectivity
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir Architecture
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
Figure Design ecosystem
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• Connectivity with surrounding which works in favors because of this type of avian vision spaces.
Figure
6 9 section of Space diagram
Here the term describes as in term of architecture design we are missing to create this type of ecosystem not only in this type of project but in urban areas also.
Figure
• Spaces where one can enjoy the nature to can re connect with it.
College of
• Establishing the micro climate of the surrounding where one can continually engage in activities and this type of design attract more species to see.NatureActivitiesPeople
6 8
The ecosystem
Figure 6.13 Agriculture impact
• There for to response the site contest using of local architecture pattern will be a excellent strategy. This will be not only climate adaptive bus also user friendly.
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Statements
Figure 6 12 Connectivity with enclosure
Ecology: As we see ecology is an important part of this design as tourist only come to enjoy the space but making them do activity will help them to understand the ecology and to help to restore nature.
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Semi openOpenBuilt
Figure 6.11 Space segregation
Let it grow: - Agriculture, wetland restoration and reforestation.
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Let of to support the ecology the people to understand.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
it raise: Development
and
required structures
Figure 6 16 Broad walkways
Figure 6 15 Aquatic riparian impact
Figure 6 14 Deforestation impact
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Figure 6 17 Structures
Let us go: Creating connection / re connecting site to cities and context.
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Let us learn: Water, plant and bird related education with the development of water system in wetland by which changing perspective of people about wetland bio diversity. Engaging them to learn about the importance of birds and plants to wetland and vice versa.
Figure 6 18 Event spaces
Education: By giving knowledge about this thing creating a platform where people will nurture the nature and then nature will nurture the communities.
Figure 6.19 Arboretum
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
Figure 6 20 Bank stabilization
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
Because of the site and its context, it is impossible to construct on the land with concrete.
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
• Using trees as a barrier by which people can not disturb the birds.
Figure 6 21 Avian center
• The idea is to construct on rise platform making the construction as lite as possible respecting to the environment.
Figure 6.22 Elevated above the ground
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Figure 6 23 Use of trees as function I
• Creating green roofs for merging with landscape and for insects and birds as an attraction.
Response to the site
Let them know: Using landscape as opportunities to increase public awareness about wetland and its ecosystem.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
• Giving every part a new ecosystem creates an opportunity to explore the surroundings. Because every season has different types of change in climate and by this the landscape as per climate will be changed and will be more effective and better for community engagement.
• In response to context using local architecture roofing pattern with green bio diversity roof is an excellent technique for wind ventilation and sun light, as well as less carbon footprint.
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Figure 6 25 Segregation
Figure 6.26 views point of the site
Figure 6.24 Structure idea
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture 72
Design
consideration Ecological landscapes • Meadows and forests that provide • Habitat and other environmental Benefits • Nature parks • Rapid reforestation Blue + green infrastructures • landscapes that capture • Stormwater and clean air • Large lake • Swales+ infiltration medians • Smaller retention carbon forces • Infiltration Park Pond Working + productive • Landscapes • Landscapes that Generate new Knowledge, grow • Energy and food and create new urban • Experiences • Research landscape • Urban farm • Aquaculture and Hydroponics • Algae culture • Energy field or forest Transitional Landscapes • Temporary landscapes that clean soil and enable new forms of social life and creative displays • Event landscapes • Remediation fields or Forests • Art scopes • urban meadows Figure 6.27 ecological landscape Figure 6 28 Rain water harvesting Figure 6 30 Productive landscape Figure 6 29 Transitional landscape
of
Figure 6 32 Division of siteFigure 6 33 Bubble
6.2 Bubble and Zoning
These diagrams are analysis how the site segregation is achieved. Whereas, the most sensitive areas which need soft light and ventilation are situated on north east and north west side.
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6.31 Site segregation
Bhagwan
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
diagramFigure
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
BubbleConceptualFigure6.34ofsegregationandplanninginitialtheusshowsplanaboveThe site.
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Concept and process
Bachelor Bhagwan Mahavir
of Architecture,
College of Architecture 75 6.2.1Conceptualzoning layoutConceptualFigure6.35
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture 76 7 d developmentDesign7 IDevelopment7.1 Stage1DevelopmentofZoningAppendix1 builtandarearesearchfaunaand,floraparkswetlands,oflocationtheshowingisplan1dThe--up.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture 77 7.2DevelopmentII species.insectsandbirdsoftypesdifferentattractingforlocationtreesthewithplanningdetailtheisplanbelowThis zoningDevelopmentAppendix22
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture 78 diagramsSiteAppendix3 1Part 2Part- 3Part SectionAppendix4-AA’diagramzoningandsectionPart thancontext.OtheritswithrelationshipitsenditofdevelopmenttheshowsdiagramsaboveThe site.theresponsetopartsequalintodividedarebuiltupsemiandbuiltupthethat
The below is the list of plants which re used in site and species of Butterflies and birds.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture 79
7.3 Plants-birds-Butterflies
Plants in landscape
These are the selected species plants and trees to be used in wetland welfare for attracting species of birds and insects and for stabilization of soil.
Figure 7 1 Landscape and tropical Fauna
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development
Plants used in constructed wetland and water body
of
Figure 7 2 Aquatic plants I
Figure 7.3 Aquatic plants II
Plants used in Artificial wetland floating island
These are the selected species of aquatic plants used in artificial floating island for shelter and Theseresearch.arethe selected species of aquatic plants used in artificial floating island for shelter and research.
These are the selected species of aquatic plants used in constructed wetland for purifyingThesewater.are the selected species of aquatic plants used in constructed wetland for purifying water.
used in Sustainable farming
Figure plants
7.5 Farming
Figure plants
research
7 4 Research
Plants
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development
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in
Plants used Herbal and medicinal
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College Architecture
of
Birds
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Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development
Figure 7.6 Terrestrial birds
Figure 7.7 Aquatic birds
This are butterfly species can be in the wetland park.
The above species of fish are used in wetland for research and for bird species to eat along with purifying water.
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Figure 7 8 Fishes Figure 7 9 Butterflies
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development
Fishes used in constructed wetland
Butterflies
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture 84 7.4 Materials and techniques Appendix 5 Module and material
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Appendix 6 Framing detail
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Appendix 7 Joinery and Roofing Details
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Moss media and Green-roof
Appendix 8 Detail of Green roof and Plant species
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The below plan is the detail layout of the site with trails , artificial wetland and research park .The layout is segregated as pre human comfortability.
88 7.5
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development
Appendix 9 Mater layout
Master layout
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture Final design
Appendix 10 Mater Layout Trees
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Master-layout-tress
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development
Appendix 11 Sections of final design
90 Section
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Elevation
Appendix 12 Elevations of final design
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development
Appendix 13 Elevation of watching tower
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
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Watching towers
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Detail layout
The above is part plan of the site encompassing the modules and different human areas such as,public ,semi public and private zones.
Appendix 14 Detail layout of final plan
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Architecture 94 Module elevation elevationsModuleAppendix15 year.outthroughwallstheofchangingcolourtherepresentingwallsmossthearediagramsaboveThepatternelevationModule7.3.7
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development
Modules and pavilions
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Appendix 16 3D modules for bird watching and leisure
This are the various modules used in site closed ,open and semi open.
Appendix 17 View Pavilion for bird watching and leisure
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The above plan is of bird-watching pavilion made up of bamboo construction techniques.
Appendix 18 Meditation pod and pavilion
The below illustration is of the meditation pod construction techniques and detail.
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Design development
Meditation-pod and pavilion
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3-D renderings
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Appendix 19 Bird’s eye view of center
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Modules view Aquatic encloser
Bird eye view of centre
Entrance of the centre
Wetland welfare and Environmental
Appendix 20 3d views of final design
Research Design development
Closure
Outer wetland view
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research Conclusion
Moreover, I decide to design an park representing awareness about the wetlands and its importance to the people. The park I have designed is sustainable as well as energy efficient such as water harvesting ,research on flora and fauna ,medical research and using mud moss wall which is working as good insulation in every season while changing its outer colour being one with nature. This wetland park is for changing perspective and to widen the horizon of people living near the wetland as they are the one using chemical fertilizer and pesticides due to, which hydrological fragmentation is happening and disrupting this wonderful eco system. This park will help them there sustainable farming and for advance medicinal research for the benefit of Nandur Madhameshwar wetland.To put it in nutshell, these will not only help humans but also support the endangered species and land and aquatic ecosystem of Nandur wild life sanctuary.
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Providing all the analysis in this above given report I would like to state that ,as we are advancing in technological era and developing this world at the faster rate humans have forget about the mother nature. Mother nature the one because of her we have survived severe calamities and human civilization has improved so far. So, as a human as well as designer my grandfather is farmer and told me one thing “in search of gold human are losing diamond”. Here , diamond represents nature. However ,I have always been fond of nature so I decided to do some thing for it and I started my research, I found that wetland are now became target of humans and they are very critical ecosystem in the world producing 2 times more oxygen compared to other eco systems.
Conclusion
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Articles
References
7. https://blog.forumias.com/answered what is wetland explain the ramsar concept of wise use in the context of wetland conservation cite two examples of ramsar sites from india/
13. 1792Ramsar_UNWTO_tourism_E_Sept2012.pdf
2. https://www.usgs.gov/centers/wetland and aquatic research center warc/science/ecological stressors
6. _ramsar_sites_e.pdfhttps://www.ramsar.org/sites/default/files/documents/library/designation_management
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6571829/
1. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nashik/17 birds die in fishing net in nandur madhyameshwar/articleshow/67662181.cms
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4. https://www.briloon.org/wetlands
9. http://www.theuntourists.com/nandur madhyameshwar a little known birding haven/
Wetland welfare and Environmental Research References
10. https://rsis.ramsar.org/RISapp/files/4026954/documents/IN2410_mgt181223_1.pdf
5. tiontoconvention_e.pdfhttps://www.ramsar.org/sites/default/files/documents/library/handbook1_5ed_introduc
Bachelor of Architecture, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Architecture
Webliography
12. ?sequence=13&isAllowed=yhttp://lib.unipune.ac.in:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/8059/13_chapter2.pdf
8. https://www.theplan.it/eng/award 2020 culture/wetland research and education center a platform of scientific research atelier z
1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221458181400010X
11. https://www.faunajournal.com/archives/2018/vol5issue4/PartB/5 1 53 390.pdf