P R O F E S SIONAL WORK ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL WORK ACADEMIC AND PROFESSION
FREY MARK KNAPKE JEFFREY MARK KNAPKE JEFFREY MARK KNAPKE JEFFREY MARK F J E K P A K ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL WORK K ACA D E A M M I C A N D
JEFFREY MARK KNAPKE JEFFREY MARK KNAPKE JEF
F R E Y
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Connections Map
RELATIONSHIP
Land / Sea
Person / Nature
Public / Private
Inner / Outer World
Past / Present / Future
Neighborhood / City
PROJECT
Union Stock Yards
Brooklyn Heights Promenade
Illinois Maritime Museum
FKI Headquarters
Temunovic Residence
Sand Dune Pavilion
Voyeur Park
IIT Student Housing
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Master’s Thesis Project IIT College of Architecture - Fall 2007/Spring 2008 Advisor: Peter Beltemacchi
Overcoming Stagnancy: New Life in the Union Stock Yards District This thesis is concerned with the re-structuring of Chicago’s Union Stock Yards District, an entire square mile formerly occupied by the largest self-contained livestock processing operation in world history. So vital to Chicago’s economy and self-identity were the stockyards, that they were famously referred to in Carl Sandburg’s great poem, “Chicago,” as “hog-butcher for the world” and were able to remain for many years the top tourist attraction in the entire city. Since the stockyards’ closing in the 1970’s, the site has developed sporadically as an industrial park, without experiencing substantial growth until the late 1980’s. In addition, much of the site and nearby waterways have been heavily contaminated as a result of the stockyards’ former functions. While the stockyards site and adjacent neighborhoods have begun to bounce back, it is unclear whether the current land organization will ever be able to utilize the massive site to its full potential, or if it will instead remain as a large void which separates the surrounding communities. A better solution for the stockyards site is needed; one that can serve to repair the disconnection and sense of stagnancy created by the loss of such a major city component and lethargic ensuing development. The Union Stock Yards was an instrumental part of Chicago’s history, a unique phenomenon that truly embodied the sprit of a place and time. It was a massive operation that left its mark upon the site and surrounding area, an area that has still not been able to entirely fill the void left behind by its departure.
Exchange Gate, 1912
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However, all is not lost. From these ends, we can create a new beginning for the Union Stock Yards District. From existing polluted waterways, we can create new parklands and lakes that work to actively to clean up the area and provide areas for recreation. From former slaughterhouses, once responsible for death on a massive scale, we can create a new center that promotes the conservation of life. Around important historic structures, we can anchor a new commercial district to a sense of the area’s importance. And from existing infrastructure, we can provide new potential for economic growth and job production. Finally, from all these separate components, we can create an area that helps to revitalize the inner city; one that functions better as a neighborhood and place of business, provides useful transportation for its residents, and bridges disconnections between the city and itself. In this capacity, the Union Stock Yards District can become a truly sustainable community for the future of Chicago and for generations of residents to come.
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New Master Plan - Overview from the Southwest
Current Industrial Park
As hla
nd
Av en
ue 4
Scale
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1 Stockyards Site
= 1 Midway Airport
= 1 Chicago Loop
= 4 Woodfield Malls
= 4 Magic Kingdoms
= 6 IIT Campuses
= 56 Wrigley Fields
= 99 United Centers
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Past
1952 - The stockyards at their peak were a tightly-organized operation, completely integrated into the urban fabric and connected to adjacent communities.
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1962 - With the completion of the interstate highway system, the rail-oriented stockyards would decline as the industry became de-centralized.
1972 - In a period of only 20 years, the Union Stock Yards had completely dissolved, leaving behind an open scar within the city grid.
Present
Today the stockyards site is a low-rise industrial park, with 70% of its site area not being currently utilized. Most of this unused land has been on the market since the stockyards closed in the 1970’s.
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Bubbly Creek
Existing Pump Station (Flow Direction Reversed to Aid New Water Loop System)
New Intermodal Area at Existing Freight Rail Spine
Multi-Tenant Industry Artisans Market - Link Between Industrial and Commercial Districts Historic Stockyards Bank - History Museum
Subway Stop at Historic Exchange Gate
Former Packinghouse to be re-utilized as a Conservation Center “Exchange� District
Future
New Lake and Surrounding Park Wetlands Filter Community College - Link Between Residential and Commercial Districts Neighborhood Athletic Center
Local Neighborhood Park (1 of 6)
School (1 of 2) Existing Commercial District Retained and Improved Neighborhood Parkway System
Connection to Sherman Park
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Connections
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Current CTA Network
Proposed CTA Addition
Current Park Network
Proposed Park Addition
Existing Freight Rail Network Utilized
Transfer to Green Line
Transfer to Orange Line Transfer to Red Line
Proposed Circle Line
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Stagnancy
Flow
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1900
The south fork of the Chicago River and its intersection with the south branch of the Chicago River has been heavily altered over the years, mainly in an effort to counter the pollution that was produced by the Union Stock Yards, which dumped its waste directly into the river. It became known as “Bubbly Creek,” due to the decompositional gases produced by the stockyards’ waste. Due to stagnant conditions, an estimated 6 feet of blood still remain on the river bottom, trapped by flow conflicts between Bubbly Creek and the Chicago River, which has been engineered to flow against its natural direction. This thesis proposes a large undertaking, one that will not only help to clean up Bubbly Creek, but will form the foundation of a new natural environment in the middle of the city, and later a new urban development. That large undertaking is to transform Bubbly Creek from a stagnant appendage of the Chicago River into a flowing parallel circuit, by extending it through the stockyards site and connecting it back with the South Branch further down the river. By doing this, the water is permitted to flow generally from east to west, in the same direction as the South Branch, thereby eliminating the condition of stagnancy within Bubbly Creek
Current Flow Conflict
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1850
1860
1870
1880
1920
1940
1950
1960 - Present
Area of Flow Conflict
Existing Pump Station (to be reversed)
Proposed Flow Loop
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Ruin
Park Former Packinghouse Used As Conservation Center
Athletic Facilities / Grounds
Planted Trees
Boardwalks / Walking Trails
Freshwater Lake
Constructed Wetlands Utilized to Remediate Ground and Water Pollution
Green Space / Area of Excavation
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In its current state, the Brooklyn Heights neighborhood is disconnected from its waterfront by the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway, a terraced highway which creates a dynamic edge along the 80 foot dropoff between neighborhood and waterfront area. The project’s purpose is to enhance the connections between these two sides and also with Manhattan, providing a getaway district for both Brooklyn residents and Financial District workers.
Brooklyn Heights Promenade Extension New York, NY UF School of Architecture - Spring 2001 Professor: Peter Prugh
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Wrapping the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway with constructed space solves the critical problem of noise pollution, making it possible to develop the lower waterfront area into a habitable public park. Circulation nodes at main streets provide vertical connections to the waterfront and to four new subway stations which are only one stop away from Lower Manhattan. Programmed elements include a retail spine with restaurants and nightlife, a museum of commerce with the BQE on exhibit, a performance space, and residential units with some of the best views of Manhattan possible. 20
Existing Street Grid Cut Off by Brooklyn-Queens Expressway
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Grid Folded and Extended to Connect With Subway
System
Grid Folded and Extended to Connect With Waterfront Park
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Illinois Maritime Museum Waukegan, IL IIT College of Architecture - Fall 2006 Professors: James Baird / Kevin Boyer The idea of reaching out into the water to embrace the seafaring vessel is nothing new. We have always built these types of structures to accommodate the inherent directionality and transient quality of the boat, as it is the easiest way to connect the vessel to the land This project utilizes this time-tested idea to create a dynamic and active maritime museum by carving the waters edge, allowing boats to dock and become part of the exhibit.
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Site Plan 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
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Donor Recognition Area Marina Conservation Wing Small Scale Exhibition Large Scale Exhibition Expansion Area 1 Expansion Area 2 Recreational Sports Fields Automobile Parking
Section Through Main Entry and 2nd Fl. Restaurant
Section Through Auditorium Space
Longitudinal Section Through Exhibit Bars
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FKI Headquarters Building Seoul, Korea Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture, 2008 Project Architect: Juan Betancur Podium Team: Jeff Knapke, Elyse Agnello, Gregg Herman All Images Courtesy of AS+GG
International Design Competition Winning Submittal In spring of 2008, an international design competition was held for the Federation of Korean Industries’ new headquarters building in Seoul, Korea. Adrian Smith+ Gordon Gill Architecture was awarded the contract, against competing entries by Foster + Partners and Pei Cobb Freed & Partners. Because of the client’s need for conference space and desire to project a strong public identity, a unique separate podium element was designed that would fullfill this function, while also providing a public interface through the addition of restaurant and auditorium elements. As a member of the podium design team, I was responsible for the internal podium element’s space planning and massing, circulation design, and interface with tower component, while also collaborating on the design of the external shell. My duties on the project team also included the design and layout of the project’s final presentation boards.
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Expansive Views from Rooftop Garden / Restaurant Mechanical Level
Expansive Views from FKI Office Levels
Upper Office Tier
Mechanical Level
Lower Office Tier
Direct Access Between Conference Center & All Meeting Rooms Elevated Views of Yeouido Park at Restaurant Level Tall Spaces - Banquet Hall & Tower Lobby at Ground Level
Circulation Between Tower & Podium at Concourse Level
Parking & Building Services at Basement Levels
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Temunovic Residence Port Townsend, WA Knapke Design Studio - Sole Proprietorship - 2007-2010 Client: Zoran Temunovic Designer/Construction Manager: Jeff Knapke Builder: Roberto Silva and Co.
Treehouse for a Texan Located in the rainshadow of the Olympic Mountains near Port Townsend, WA, this 3500 square foot home takes advantage of the unique microclimate and access to the natural environment by bringing the outside in, through the use of large window walls, a continuous clerestory, and spaces that blur the line between interior and exterior. The house is approached through a 300 foot long “tree tunnel,” giving the arrival a dramatic and processional quality. Local materials, such as Alaskan Yellow Cedar and Western Red Cedar, were used on the building’s exterior. The client desired a residence that would embody both the natural, modern aesthetic of homes in the northwest and the grand, symmetrical quality of the mansions of Dallas, TX, where he spent many years prior to this project. For energy efficiency, both passive and active measures were taken. An east-to-west orientation, low-e glazing, superinsulated walls, and large operable windows provide reliable passive control over most heat gains and losses due to the typically overcast sky conditions and mild climate of the area. Radiant flooring and HVAC were also installed to ensure complete comfort year-round.
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Roof Assembly
Window Shell
Second Floor
Monumental Walls
Structural Perimeter
Ground Floor Slab
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First Floor Plan
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Second Floor Plan
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Sand Dune Pavilion UF School of Architecture - Fall 2001 Professor: Martin Gundersen The sand dune serves as a boundary between land and sea, fixed and temporal, rigid and fluid. It is an intermediate place, changing yet remaining. The project creates a joint between the two sides separated by the dune, making an intervention into the natural landscape. Allowing the project to be held within the dune and open at either ends of its axis creates a new line of sight from land to sea. A new visual connection is established between the two sides as well as a physical passage between them.
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The sand dune is held back by thick glass, allowing the changing level and shape of the dune to impact the intervention. The project would be a living place, reacting to the natural world along with its context, its form and resultant light condition always slightly different thtan before.
Existing Sand Dune
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Insert Glass Walls
Reveal Dune Section
Insert Techtonic Assembly
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Voyeur Park New York, NY UF School of Architecture - Spring 2001 Professor: Peter Prugh
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Located within the French Consulate of New York’s outdoor garden, this pocket park attempts to create an environment that is conductive to the activity of watching people, such an important part of French culture. The project provides a place to be disconnected from the frenetic city lifestyle and peacefully observe human nature and the workings of the city from a distance. The project’s main element is a continuous ascending path along the perimeter of the space, surrounding a street-level plaza. One can follow the ascending path and return to the street in a disconnected state, viewing its activity from just slightly above, or sit along the path and watch the activity within the internal plaza.
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FOLD #1
Trees Provide Cover for People-Watching
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2 3
FOLD #2
Food Counter Draws People Into the Park to be Watched
FOLD #3
Cutout Puts You on Display During Ramp Ascent
Entry
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IIT Student Housing Chicago, IL IIT College of Architecture - Spring 2007 Professor: Susan Conger-Austin / Juan Herreros This project explores the interweaving of of public and private space within the university housing setting, and the way that the inhabited environment can fulfill social and spatial needs as they change over the course of a student’s academic career. College underclassmen are unique in that they must rely heavily on their surroundings to promote social activity and foster a sense of community, whereas upperclassmen may have already formed important bonds with others and are now seeking their own space. This project attempts to address the differing social and spatial needs across the broad spectrum of students, and provide opportunities for interaction both within and between the various groups.
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Public / Private
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The first step was an exercise to uncover physical manifestations of the relationship between public and private through analysis of non-physical source material. Two pieces of music that were used to score a film were studied: one used in a private scene and one in a more public sequence. As the number of instruments remained constant, their arrangement and dynamics determined the feeling of each piece. These ideas were then extrapolated into two-dimensional drawings and physical models to understand their capability to inform the design process. Above: Public Analysis Model Below: Private Analysis Drawing
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Building
“Tower Apartment Pavilion” (upperclassmen) Apartment Style Units
“Canyon Residence Hall” (underclassmen) Dorm Style Units
Observation Deck
Elevator Core
Shared Dining Hall Main Entry / Entry to Apartment Tower Game Room 3rd Floor Residence Hall Lounge
2nd Floor Residence Hall Lounge
4th Floor Residence Hall Lounge Entry to Residence Hall
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Dorm Unit
Sleeping / Sitting Area
Ladder Access to Sleeping / Sitting Area Communal Space w/ Couch & TV
Workstation w/ Privacy Changing Area / Wardrobe
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