Trend Report by jennaavdheever

REPORT

TRENDMAP

Jenna van den Heever N0741920 Word Count: 2732 words 2

ETHICS CLAUSE:

I confirm that this work has gained ethical approval and that we have faithfully observed the terms of approval in the conduct of this project. Signed......................4 Date........................

CONTENTS TRENDS......................................8-11 TREND FORECASTING...........12-13 ROLE OF MEDIA......................14-17 CULTURAL INFLUENCES.......18-21 - SS18 TRENDS: 70â&#x20AC;&#x2122;S INTRODUCTION.......................26-27 FLARES.....................................28-31 FRINGE.....................................32-35 BOHEMIAN FLORALS.............36-39 PRIMARY RESEARCH............40-44 - EDITORIAL PHOTOSHOOT CONCEPT.........45-49 EDITORIAL...............................51-67 CONCLUSION..................................68 APPENDIX................................69-75 REFERENCES.................................76 BIBLOGRAPHY...............................77 ILLUSTRATIONS.......................78-91

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Fashion itself is a reflection of social, economic, political and cultural changes. It expresses modernity, symbolising the spirit of the times. ZEGHEANU (2017)

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TRENDS

Fashion is present in our lives at all times. It plays a vital role in society as it not only allows us to express our personal style and differentiate ourselves from others, but also enables us to feel accepted into society through what we wear. Despite fashion being a form of self-expression and individuality, the society at which we live in thrives on the idea of fitting in and following the crowd. Therefore, trends allow us to keep on top of what is current and what everyone will soon be wearing.

TRENDS

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The one sure thing about fashion is that it never truely dies. It may slip under the radar for a period of time, but as with all area of design, fashions resurface over time and trends you never thought you thought you would never see again are suddenly the hottest ‘new’ look.

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Continental Textiles (2015)

The fashion cycle graph demonstrates how trends go in a circle. However, due to technology and the accessibility of the internet, this trend cycle moves much faster than it did before. This is why we can now see a very clear declination between fashion of the 60’s versus 70’s, 70’s versus 80’s, 80’s versus 90’s...before everything began cycling in and out of fashion since the mid-00’s. Trends come and go at a faster rate because at the touch of our screen, we are able to find the newest and updated fashion trends.

TREND FORECASTING

Stone (2008) defines a trend as referring to a general direction or movement. This explains why designers have to start conceptualizing for a new season one year prior to the actual selling season in order to keep up with what consumers want. Therefore, trend forecasting is about knowing what customers will want to wear ahead of time. However, trends are not as simple as they used to be as many consumers now follow their own fashion rules. In the society that we live in today, people are more inspired by what they see on the street and the internet than what is fed to them as â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;trendsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; in magazines. Fast fashion means that people are constantly looking out for what others are wearing in order for their own style to correspond with other people. Therefore, this will affect the retail industry as they will need to be constantly keeping up to date with new fashion trends and supplying new garments that reflect the trends that their consumers are following.

ROLE OF MEDIA SOCIAL MEDIA The growth of social media has resulted in the ability to provide people with a variety of content from people all over the world, which has led to the rise of social media influencers. Many fashion bloggers use social media platforms as a way to reach out to their follows by regularly posting outfits of what they are wearing and where those clothes are from. Additionally, they will express their own personal opinion on brands or alternatively they may be sponsored to promote the clothing. These are influencing other consumers because if they see a blogger wearing an outfit that they love, they will be able to know where itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s from and purchase the items online straight away.

This concept is the same in terms of influencing a trend as it is not enough for just a magazine to say that something is a trend however actually seeing a trend being worn by other people makes it more of a trend worth following. Furthermore, consumers are more likely to be influenced by bloggers on social media whom they have been following for a while as they have built trust in them, value their opinions and can relate to them, rather than a large publication advertising a trend. 14

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The number of social media users worldwide in 2018 is 3.196 billion, up 13 percent year-on-year SmartInsights (2018)

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PRINT MEDIA

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Although vlogging, blogging and all manners of social media have taken over the world,when it comes to fashion, there is one publication which still stands as the ‘ultimate voice of fashion’. The bottom line is, if Vogue says it’s hot, then quite frankly it is hot! Continental Textiles (2015)

Can magazines maintain readership when we have information at the end of our fingertips on our smartphones? Owning something physical, that you can look back on in year’ time, is the value in print publications. Although magazines are not as fast paced as the internet, they are still a key source of inspiration to consumers, designers and trend forecasters and with the rise of fast-fashion, magazines are competing with social media sources for consumers’ attention. They portray current trends through a wider, more indepth analysis and offer highstreet alternatives to the trends shown on the catwalk.

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KEY CULTURAL INFLUENCES

The key cultural influences that affect the application of trends can be broken down into two categories; economic and social. In terms of economics, it could be argued that the rise of fast fashion is having an influence on how much people spend. As new trends are coming in and out of fashion, consumers are buying new clothes on a more regular basis than before. Additionally, the increase in minimum wages means that consumers have more disposable income and so therefore will be willing to spend more on new clothes.

Social media has a huge impact on the social influence of trends, as mentioned previously, as it allows us to see and share what we are wearing with other people without even being together in person. In addition, musics and film can have an affect on what is in trend. For example, in 1969 when the film â&#x20AC;&#x153;Easy Ridersâ&#x20AC;? came out, it could be said that the main characters popularised the fringe trend during the scene when the two were riding their motorcycles wearing fringe jackets, feeling wild and free. Since then, fringe has survived through the decades as it is anchored with the connotation of a free-spirited nature. Furthermore, the music culture has an impact on trends as many artists wear clothes that reflect their style of music and depending on the popularity of their music, their fans will want to follow their clothing trends.

KEY CULTURAL INFLUENCES

Sustainable fashion is a trend in itself. Designers are constantly looking at new ways to ensure that the garments they market are as sustainable as possible as people are becoming more environmentally conscious. In addition to using recycled materials, fashion can also be sustainable in other ways, such as reusing old fabrics or even garments. In addition, due to fact that trends usually return, garments can be bought second-hand from vintage stores as a way of reusing and reowning old clothes instead of purchasing new ones.

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Buy less. Choose well. Make it last. Quality, not quantity. Everybody’s buying far too many clothes Vivienne Westwood (2018)

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SS18 TRENDS

SS18 TRENDS 22

SS18 TRENDS

SS18 TRENDS 23

The 70s was an era that embodied liberalism, equality and peace for subculture groups such as hippies. The clothing they wore reflected the values we associate with the decade as they adopted a more eclectic, creative and free-spirited style in comparison to the more conservative dress code identified in the 50s and 60s.

Equality, love and freedom were major elements of what the 70â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s were all about and it could be said that it was influenced by the fact that Elton John announced he was bisexual in 1976. In this yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s spring/summer London Fashion show, designers such as Burberry and Ashish used the LGBT movement as an influence on their clothing. Whilst the influence of the movement was not adopted by the majority of designers, it can be said that it is the 70s-pop culture behind the movement of freedom and liberation has impacted the runway and the high-street as a whole.

Designers today are nostalgic about the era, given all the intense politics we face today, therefore, they are implementing the 70s freefall aesthetic into their designs and have enlarged the mild earth colour tones we would usually associate with them. Within this report, the 70â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s trend is going to be deconstructed by looking into three specific sub-trends; fringe, flares and bohemian prints.

A huge trend from the 70’s that has made a major come-back this season is flared trousers. The trend was derived in the 70’s from a mix of influences from the hippie culture and bohemian styles that were prominent at the time. The relaxed silhouette of flares evokes the carefree feeling which the bohemian culture is known for as well as the use of bright and eclectic patterns used to reflect the free spirit that people had during the era. In the society today, it could be said that people desire this sense of freedom once again, to escape the restricted world we now live in. Demin was also huge in the 70’s and therefore flared jeans quickly became popular. Influencers such as Farrah Fawcett, Elvis Presley and The Jackson Five initially took on the trend in the 70’s and made it their own which then became iconic looks which people wanted to replicate.

What’s interesting when considering the future of the flare, is the fact that bootcut jeans already made a come-back around 2010 before the trend of skinny jeans took over, making any other silhouette of jean ‘unfashionable’. However, as skinny jeans became too popular, people wanted to wear clothes that were unique and make them stand out from the crowd, which is how flares returned. Therefore, it could be argued that flares may just be a fad because, like many other trends, as it becomes popular and more people start wearing them it will soon become less unique and unfashionable. This means people will search for the next new trend that will make them stand out through their style. So the hot question is; will flares continue trending or will they just become a fad?

On the high street today, brands such as Missguided and Pretty Little Thing have taken the trend and upped the sophistication by using slinky, figure-hugging fabrics to create trousers of a different silhouette than what is considered the norm. Due to the celebrity culture at which we live in today, the rise of the flares trend is heavily influenced by celebrities such as Kylie Jenner and the Kardashians who were seen wearing flares that are similar to ones that are available on the high street, making it easy for people to follow their styles.

Even though the flares sold on the high street have minimal amounts of pattern, on the runway brands like Gucci and Moschino have taken aspects from the original trend and incorporated bold, bright patterns to further accentuate the striking and eye catching style that the hippy culture was all about. In addition, there has been a variation of different styles of flares ranging from loose fitting to tight bell-bottoms.

Fringe has stuck around through decades as the bohemian, free spirit style has dipped in an out of fashion. As the trend has survived for such a long time, designers are always having to think of new and refresh ways to reflect the trend, for example fringe earrings have now become a huge part of consumer culture. However, the fact that the trend has kept coming back is a huge plus in terms of sustainability as garments are being reused and reowned.

Fringe can still be found on the highstreet today today by brands such as Topshop and River Island who are using fringe through a more subtle way in their garments so that it is more wearable to a larger consumer demographic. As was said previously, brands have had to think outside the box with how they market fringe items in new ways in order to keep it trending. However, this does not necessarily mean getting rid of the garments that have trended in the past. For example, the staple fringe jacket is still around to this day after having been â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;on trendâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; for decades. Additionally, brands on the high street have incorporated new products in their stores, such as fringe earrings, in order to promote the trend as a strategy to make more sales on other fringe items. Furthermore, another way in which these brands have freshened the trend is by varying the lengths of fringe that is used, for example, on the moodboard above, the longer fringe on the Zara top contrasting the shorter fringe used on the River Island culottes. 34

On the other hand, on the runway brands such as Calvin Klein and Elle Sabb have seen to use excessive amounts of fringing to create dramatic looks. Like on the high street, it is apparent that brands are experimenting with using fringe in new ways, such as on Chanel crop top and along the hem of trousers like the ones from Acne Studio.

This season, we can see a mixture of 70’s florals and soft, ditsy florals on trend to create the perfect bohemian floral look. Soft florals are very different from the spring/ summer 2018 print trends on this list. They are romantic, floating and printed on floaty materials to emphasize the romantic and airy appeal of their softness.The 70’s had very distinct fashion notes and therefore, certain flower shapes, hues of orange and more make the difference between those other floral prints, and 70’s floral prints. In any case, the bohemian floral prints are prominent this season as it ties in the feeling of vintage nostalgia with a 70’s festival vibe.

The floral prints on the high streets are not afraid of being bold, bright and every 70â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. The fabrics used however truly give a free-spirited, bohemian feel through the use of light, flowy satin.

TOPSHOP

RIVER ISLAND

OYSHO

Marc Jacobs, Marni, Miu Miu, and Thom Browne are some of the houses that embraced the 70â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s floral trend for spring.

These soft floral prints in bright and soft summer and spring shades were seen on airy chiffon through several different runways shows. Most particularly, this style of print was seen on the Gucci, Tadashi Shoji, and Prabal Gurung runways on floating silk and soft chiffon with sexy splits, cutouts and deep necklines.

The rationale for carrying out primary research on the 70’s trend was in order to evaluate and analyse the trend from the perspective of consumers and highstreet retailers. This was done through a survey which asked a series of questions such as what they think is driving the trend, what is different about the re-emergence of the trend and what they think is the future for the trend.

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I think it’s just people driving to go back to another period of time rather than contrasting what’s on the high street right now.

The store interviews were targeted to employees from high street retailers such as Urban Outfitters, Cow and River Island. By interviewing people that work in the stores, allowed an insight into how the trend is being marketed as well as a personal opinion from someone who regularly sees trend flow in and out of fashion in the stores that they work in.

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MOORE, O., Cow Store Employee (2018)

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Festival season and people being bolder with their fashion choices

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In the online survey that was carried out in order to gather information from consumers themselves, they were asked what they think is driving the 70’s trend today. The majority of responses were celebrity influence, inspirations from festivals and the feeling of nostalgia about the past. This primary research informed the key aspects of the 70’s trend that we are seeing come back into fashion today. With the influence of festivals being incorporated with societies nostalgia, transforms the trend from being just about 70’s as a whole but narrows it down to a hippy, bohemian style that was prominent at the time of 70’s festivals.

Survey Respondant (2018)

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I think that the patterns and the general vibe is kept, but with modernised silhouettes such as cropped clothing, and more fitter clothing contrary to the 70s. In terms of items such as flared jeans, theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve got modern accents to them such as being high-waisted and in more modern denim washes. Survey Respondant (2018)

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PHOTOSHOOT CONCEPT

When planning the concept for the editorial photoshoot, there were many different aspects that were needed to be considered such as the location including the pros and cons, clothing choices and the intended ambiance and mood. Due to the focus on the bohemian, hippy culture and a free-spirited festival concept, the location of a park was chosen in order to create a natural feel of what festivals in the 70â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s were like as well as reinforcing the intended mood of the editorial piece. This specific location was chosen due to the wild, colourful flowers and large open fields which will reflect the floral and bohemian style that wanted to be provoked. The risks that were assessed prior to the photoshoot was that, as the location was in public, it may be busy and therefore there may be people in the background of the photos. In addition, another risk was the use of natural lighting being unreliable and so therefore the outcome of the images will be slightly different in terms of brightness and exposure.

The garments that were chosen for the photoshoot will reflect all the aspects of the 70’s that are currently in trend on the highstreet. The editorial will included light, flowy dresses from Topshop that portray two contrasting 70’s patterns; one with a ditsy floral pattern to reflect the bohemian style and one dress with a bold, orange print to display a hippy style. Additionally, another outfit consists of a pair of wide-leg denim flares with a white cropped blouse To accompany the outfits, a pair of tan, wrap lace sandals in order to portray the bohemian festival style that was worn in the 70’s. Another model that is featured in the editorial, will be wearing two bold patterned shirts: one with a brightly coloured paisley print and the other with a busy floral pattern. Both models will also be shown wearing suede, fringe jackets in order to emphasise the trend of fringe as well as tinted sunglasses that were popular with the 70’s hippy culture.

The editorial will be in the style of Wonderland magazine as the image style that they present is very raw, stipped back and natural. creates a dreamy, fantasy feeling. The layout that is used experiments with empty space and positions images on all areas of the page. Additionally, the magazine creates a dreamy, fantasy feeling through their editorials that is ideal for the concept that is trying to be demonstrated in this specific editorial.

EDITORIAL

Is this the real life? Is this just fantasy? It’s real life...just 40 years in the past. SS18 is all about peace, love and paisley print as high street fashion is being injected with some 70’s nostalgia. While hippies have evolved into hipsters, festivals as we know them today are not how they used to be. This festival season, get a little bit more bohemian chic by swapping your glitter and sequins for some fringe and ditsy dresses. Inspired by Woodstock and Glastonbury festivals in the 70’s, let your nostalgia run wild and feel that flower power.

Photography - Annie Taylor Fashion - Aleksandra Tysiac Photography Assistant - Fiona Zeng Fashion Assistant - Emily Wade Models - Jenna van den Heever & Cameron Warner

dress TOPSHOP £49, sandals BOOHOO £12

dress TOPSHOP Â£49

Opposite: (JENNA) dress TOPSHOP £39, jacket TKMAXX £25, sandals BOOHOO £12 (CAMERON) shirt PRETTY GREEN £60, jacket TOPMAN £80, trousers PRIMARK £10, shoes, CLARKS £95

dress TOPSHOP £39, jacket TKMAXX £25, sandals BOOHOO £12

top H&M £14.99, jeans RIVER ISLAND £40, sandals BOOHOO £12

(JENNA) top H&M £14.99, jeans RIVER ISLAND £40, sandals BOOHOO £12, sunglasses PRIMARK £2 (CAMERON) shirt TOPMAN £30, trousers PRIMARK £10, shoes CLARKS £95, sunglasses PRIMARK £2

playsuit TOPSHOP £36

Opposite: (JENNA) playsuit TOPSHOP £36 (CAMERON) shirt PRETTY GREEN £60, trousers PRIMARK £10

Throughout this report, it has been learnt that trends go through cycles, meaning that even if a trend dies out, it will eventually come back into fashion in the future, like styles from the 70â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. Despite the success of the trend on both the high street and runway, the primary and secondary research that was carried out suggests that the trend may die out, making way for another era of fashion to re-emerge.

APPENDIX

Store Staff Interview: Cow Employee Do you think the 70’s trend is coming back into fashion on the high street? “Yeah I actually do! I think that 70’s is a bit more exaggerated in the fits and the shape...especially in something like blouses. And I think that we have kind of gone through the skandy trend a bit and the more psychedelic, maximist one so I think maybe we are going into more of a 70’s trend and you can kind of just see it on the high street through the shirts and stuff.” Would you say that the 70’s era influences the clothes that you sell? “Yeah I would actually... particularly because when I think of the sort of trends that we get in here which are quite popular like military inspired designs following the Vietnam war...so I do think the clothes that we sell are very much influenced with trends going on around us.” What do you think is driving the trend? Eg. cultural, social, economic issues, celebrities? “I think it’s nostalgia mainly because I think you can see it in fashion and in all forms of media...I think it’s just people driving to like go back to another period of time rather than sort of contrasting what’s on the high street right now especially like the khaki trend a few years ago and sportswear trend now... people are looking for something a bit more fresh and innovating.” What have you noticed that’s different about the re-emergence of the 70’s? Eg. what is being applied differently about this trend in comparison to the past? “I think that…60’s, 70’s and 80’s are all sort of blending into one and they’re mixing all the different styles into the modern age...like formal wear and sportswear. You can see that people are a lot less afraid to mix pieces that wouldn’t naturally go together.” What is the future for the trend? “Dying out… just because I don’t think that trends last for more than a couple but they are cyclical and they will come back at some point. It’s just going to go to an extreme and then will just move onto the next trend.”

Store Staff Interview: Urban Outfitters Employee Do you think the 70’s trend is coming back into fashion on the high street? “Definitely a lot here...more in womenswear with flared trousers but not so much with mens.” Would you say that the 70’s era influences the clothes that you sell? “Yeah for sure” What do you think is driving the trend? Eg. cultural, social, economic issues, celebrities? “The feeling of nostalgia and festivals. Also the recurrence of trends.” What have you noticed that’s different about the re-emergence of the 70’s? Eg. what is being applied differently about this trend in comparison to the past? “There are a lot of different trends being mixed around in stores.” What is the future for the trend? “Will become slightly more popular”

Store Staff Interview: River Island Employee Do you think the 70’s trend is coming back into fashion on the high street? “Yes.” Would you say that the 70’s era influences the clothes that you sell? “Yeah I guess so.” What do you think is driving the trend? Eg. cultural, social, economic issues, celebrities? “Festivals are a big impact on the 70’s trend but I not so much celebrities because for them less is more.” What have you noticed that’s different about the re-emergence of the 70’s? Eg. what is being applied differently about this trend in comparison to the past? “I think materials and fabrics are slightly different because you can get away with a lot more nowadays in comparison to before.” What is the future for the trend? “More bold and glittery...like a party style.”

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MISSGUIDED, 2018, https://www. missguided.co.uk/ black-faux-suedefringe-details-bikerjacket-10042907 [Accessed 10 April 2018]

PRETTY LITTLE THING, 2018, https:// www.prettylittlething. com/black-velvetflared-trousers.html [Accessed 10 April 2018]

TOPSHOP, 2018, http://www. topshop.com/webapp/wcs/ stores/servlet/ProductDispl ay?searchTermScope=3&sea rchType=ALL&viewAllFlag =false&beginIndex=1&lang Id=-1&productId=31854372 &pageSize=20&defaultGrid Layout=3&CE3_ENDECA_ PRODUCT_ROLLUP_ [Accessed 10 April 2018] BLACKMILK, 2018, https:// blackmilkclothing.com/ that-70s-print-a-lineskirt [Accessed 10 April 2018]

HUK, N, 2018, http:// fashion-agony.com [Accessed 10 April 2018]

Photographer Unknown, 2018, http:// wsbuzz.com/fashion/ well-hello-best-outfitscoachella/ [Accessed 10 April 2018]

STONED IMMACULATE,2018, https:// stonedimmaculateclothing. com/collections/all [Accessed 10 April 2018]

MOSCHINO, 2018, http://wwd.com/ runway/fall-2018/ milan/moschino/ review/ [Accessed 10 April 2018] 80

MALUHII, 2015, http://wheretoget. it/look/1522003 [Accessed 10 April 2018]

STYLE BISTRO, 2015, http://www. fashionisers.com/ fashion-news/ spring-summer2015-seventiesfashion-trend/ [Accessed 15 April 2018]

ASOS, 2018, http://www.asos.com/ivyrevel/ivyrevel-tassel-earrings/prd/9005545?affid=14173&channelref=product+search&mk=abc&currencyid=1&ppcadref=761030380%7C61018104372%7Cpla-442206601333&_cclid=v3_0dedfe64-be73 -5102-b14d-6863072f2571&gclid=Cj0KCQjw6J7YBRC4ARIsAJMXXscBEV3F3K1fidzNtuosbH-bveU5KNUBSKgvDS1-zxrtgvLjVV3bXzcaAlOaEALw_wcB [Accessed 10 April 2018] Photographer Unknown, 1969, http://www. blogtalkradio. com/ezthundercat/2017/08/19/ kattco-radio-presents-cujos-crypt-48th-anniversary-of-woodstock-episode [Accessed 10 April 2018]

DUFFY, B, 1973, https:// www.davidbowie.com/ aladdin-sane [Accessed 10 April 2018]

GETTY IMAGES, Date Unknown https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-212VTTkzYfY/ Vp_gMgAJI7I/AAAAAAACDKk/M-Qn0C5BknI/s1600/ Hippie%2B%252820%2529.jpg [Accessed 10 April 2018]

QUICKET, 2017, https://www. quicket.co.za/events/26445-that70s-fest/ [Accessed 10 April 2018]

VOGUE, 2017, http:// www.vogue.co.uk/shows/ autumn-winter-2017ready-to-wear/jeremy-scott [Accessed 1 May 2018]

Photographer Unknown, 2017, http://afmu.net/ best-jeans-womenfall-winter-2017-2018/ [Accessed 10 April 2018]

VOGUE, 2017, https://www.vogue. com/fashion-shows/ fall-2017-readyto-wear/jeremyscott/slideshow/ collection#20 [Accessed 10 April 2018]

IMAXTREE, 2017, https://www.elle. com/runway/ g12181992/ brandon-maxwellrunway-showss18/?slide=15 [Accessed 1 May 2018]

TWO DENIM, 2017, http://www. denimjeansobserver.com/ mag/2017/08/31/2dnmtwo-denim-2018-summerverao-fashion-womensrunway-sao-paulo-n44destroyed-flare-bikerjumpsuit-vest-denim-jeansobserver/ [Accessed 10 April 2018]

GETTY IMAGES, 2018, http:// modern-dresses. com/casualdresses/2018-flarejeans-new-ideastrends-styles/ [Accessed 10 April 2018]

PRETTY LITTLE THING, 2018, https:// www.prettylittlething. com/red-scuba-curvewaist-band-detailflared-trousers.html [Accessed 15 March 2018]

TOPSHOP, 2018, http://www.topshop.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ProductDisplay?searchTermScope=3&searchType=ALL&viewAllFlag=false&beginIndex=1&langId=-1&productId=31185124&pageSize=20&defaultGridLayout=3&CE3_ ENDECA_PRODUCT_ROLLUP_ENABLED=N&searchTerm=TS16F11NBLE&productOnlyCount=1&catalogId=33057&productIdentifierproduct=product&geoip=search&x=25&searchTermOperator=LIKE&sort_field=Relevance&y=11&storeId=12556&qubitRefinements=siteId%3DTopShopUK [Accessed 15 March 2018]

PRYCE, J.D., 2017, http://www.vogue. co.uk/gallery/ street-style-flarestrend [Accessed 15 March 2018]

TYSIAC, A. 2018, ‘River Island Mannequin’ [Taken 13 March 2018]

RIVER ISLAND, 2018, https:// www.riverisland. com/p/pinkcropped-flaredtrousers-714436 [Accessed 15 March 2018]

TYSIAC, A., 2018, ‘Topshop flared Jeans’ [Taken 13 March 2018]

MISSGUIDED, 2018, https://www. missguided.co.uk/ leopard-printwide-leg-trousers [Accessed 15 March 2018]

VOGUE, 2016, https://www. vogue.com/ fashion-shows/ spring-2016menswear/gucci [Accessed 15 March 2018]

MQUEEN, A., 2018, http://www. dazeddigital. com/fashion/ gallery/24399/6/ alexander-mcqueenss18 [Accessed 15 March 2018]

PUGH, G., 2013, http://www. stylezeitgeist.com/ forums/showthread. php?15231-GarethPugh-SS13-Paris [Accessed 15 March 2018]

MIU MIU, 2017, http://wwd.com/ runway/springready-to-wear-2018/ paris/miu-miu/ review/ [Accessed 15 March 2018]

AUTHOR, 2018, ‘Gucci Mannequin’ [Taken 27 March 2018]

VLAMOS, Y, 2018, http://www.vogue. it/en/shows/show/ collections-fallwinter-2018-19/ moschino [Accessed 15 March 2018]

CALVIN KLEIN, 2017, http://www. fashionisers.com/ fashion-news/calvinklein-rtw-spring2018-collection-atnyfw/ [Accessed 15 March 2018]

VOGUE, 2017, https://www.vogue. com/fashion-shows/ fall-2017-readyto-wear/michaelkors-collection/ slideshow/ collection#63 [Accessed 15 March 2018]

RODARTE, 2013, https:// www.fashiongonerogue. com/5-surprising-newyork-fashion-week-spring2014-trends/4/ [Accessed 15 March 2018]

PUCCI, E., 2014, http:// women-hair-styles. com/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/?C=M;O=A [Accessed 15 March 2018]

HALPERN, 2017, https:// www.moodfabrics.com/ blog/trend-report-fringe/ [Accessed 25 March 2018]

RIVER ISLAND, 2018, https://www.riverisland. com/p/cream-ri-studio-ditsy-frill-midi-dress-715901?sem=1&cmpid=PLA&istCompanyId=28d3cba5-6749-43eb-9 04c-61b8cc01cf80&istItemId=-xaptxlmpxp&istBid=tztw&gclid=CjwKCAjwi6TYBRAYEiwAOeH7Gcm3T2uu7n_GNx-zbCPf1oMXkrVMhJvtO1VVlKCN5fqIEY1lUieTqhoCszcQAvD_ BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds [Accessed 15 March 2018]

KEERTHANA, B., 2018, https://telanganatoday. com/evoke-boho-lookfringe-fashion [Accessed 5 May 2018]

AUTHOR, 2018, ‘Fringe Earrings’ [Taken 3 April 2018]

AUTHOR, 2018, ‘Fringe Trousers’ [Taken 3 April 2018]

NEW LOOK, 2018, http:// www.newlook.com/uk/ womens/accessories/bags/ tan-fringe-cross-body-bag/ p/566079118?comp=Browse [Accessed 4 May 2018]

ZARA, 2018, https:// www.zara.com/uk/ en/t-shirt-with-longfringe-p07568017.html [Accessed 4 May 2018]

TOPSHOP, 2018, http://www.topshop.com/en/tsuk/product/fringe-triangle-bra-7441431?bi=0&ps=20&Ntt=fringe [Accessed 4 May 2018]

TOPSHOP, 2018, http:// www.topshop.com/en/ tsuk/product/futurebeaded-cross-body-bag7409197?bi=0&ps=20&Ntt=fringe%20bag [Accessed 4 May 2018]

AUTHOR, 2018, ‘Fringe Jacket” [Taken 3 April 2018]

TOPSHOP, 2018, http://www.topshop.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ ProductDisplay?searchTermScope=3&searchType=ALL&viewAllFlag=false&beginIndex=1&langId=-1&productId=30860570&pageSize=20&defaultGridLayout=3&CE3_ENDECA_PRODUCT_ROLLUP_ENABLED=N&searchTerm=TS05R16NWBK&productOnlyCount=1&catalogId=33057&productIdentifierproduct=product&geoip=search&x=25&searchTermOperator=LIKE&sort_field=Relevance&y=11&storeId=12556&qubitRefinements=siteId%3DTopShopUK [Accessed 4 May 2018]

ELLIE SABB, 2017, https://i.pinimg.com/ originals/e6/27/66/ e62766785168b19cbd8404bbec3ca8cd.jpg [Accessed 16 May 2018]

CHANEL, 2017, http:// aeworld.com/runway/ women-runway/parisfashion-week-chanel-ss18/ [Accessed 16 May 2018]

IMAXTREE, 2017, https:// www.elle.com/fashion/ a12762773/celine-parisfashion-week-show-spring2018-recap/ [Accessed 16 May 2018]

ERDEM, 2017, https://i. pinimg.com/originals/fc/46/f4/fc46f479c2855725e126834852f7b98f.jpg [Accessed 16 May 2018]

VOGUE, 2018, https:// www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2018ready-to-wear/calvin-klein [Accessed 16 May 2018]

BALENCIAGA, 2017, https://www.spottedfashion.com/2017/10/02/ balenciaga-springsummer-2018-runway-bag-collection/ [Accessed 16 May 2018] 86

ACNE STUDIOS, 2017, https://www.acnestudios. com/dk/en/woman/collection-ss18/ [Accessed 16 May 2018]

VOGUE, 2014, https:// www.vogue.com/ fashion-shows/spring2015-ready-to-wear/ etro [Accessed 16 May 2018]

ZIMMERMAN, 2017, https://fivmagazine.com/zimmermann-feminine-dresses-new-york-fashion-week/ [Accessed 16 May 2018]

ZIMMERMAN, 2017, http://stylevitae.com/ nyfw-day-4-updateschic-bohemian-goodness-dvf-carolina-herrera-anna-sui-oscar-de-larenta-plus-street-style/ [Accessed 16 May 2018]

LUISA BECCARIA, 2017, http://www. slffashion.com/ post/172624273723 [Accessed 16 May 2018]

AUTHOR, 2018, ‘Store Window’ [Taken 3 April 2018]

AUTHOR, 2018, ‘Flares Street Style” [Taken 3 April 2018]

ALL IMAGES TAKEN BY AUTHOR et al, 2018, ‘Highstreet Retailers’ [Taken 14 May 2018]

KNABLE, J., 2018, https://picsart. com/i/sticker-paintsmear-smudgepink-257718376003212 [Accessed 15 May 2018]

RONEDALE, 2016, https://depositphotos. com/100806746/stock-illustration-pink-watercolor-brush-stroke-vector. html [Accessed 15 May 2018]

Photographer Unknown, 2016, http://shoesandmacaroons.blogspot.co.uk/2013/08/ woodstock-wear-music-festival-fashions. html [Accessed 8 May 2018]

NOMCHONG, M., 2016, http://www. spelldesigns.com/blog/ inspiration/festival-16/ [Accessed 15 May 2018]

STAGG, E., 2015, https://galoremag. com/70s-hippiechick-kate-porter-rose-garciadanielle-guizo/ [Accessed 8 May 2018]

SMITH, B.B., 2017, https://parkbench.com/ news/miley-cyruslatest-music-videomalibu-is-filmed-ongarrapata-state-beach [Accessed 8 May 2018]

ONEILL, Date Unknown, https://us.oneill. com/shop/skye-pantssp6409008/ [Accessed 8 May 2018]

SMITH, B.B., 2017, http://z1035.com/video-miley-cyrus-teases-new-song-malibu/ [Accessed 8 May 2018]

STAGG, E., 2015, https:// galoremag.com/70shippie-chick-kate-porter-rose-garcia-danielleguizo/ [Accessed 8 May 2018] FREE PEOPLE, Date Unknown, https://www.freepeople.com/ catalog-mar-12-catalog/?cm_ re=120402_catalogsplash-_mar12cat-_-mar12cat [Accessed 8 May 2018] 88

FREE PEOPLE, Date Unknown, https:// www.freepeople.com/ tie-dye-extreme-vintageflare/?cm_mmc=Pinterest-_-Product_Detail-_-25891268-_-1 [Accessed 8 May 2018]

STAGG, E., 2015, https://galoremag. com/70s-hippiechick-kate-porter-rose-garciadanielle-guizo/ [Accessed 8 May 2018]

GETTY IMAGES, 2016, https://www. brit.co/diy-bohoskirts-for-yourthrowback-look/ [Accessed 8 May 2018]

GETTY IMAGES, [Accessed 8 May 2018]

CENTENO, T, 2009, http://wwd.com/ fashion-news/fashion-features/woodstock-at-40-fieldsof-fashion-2233400/ [Accessed 8 May 2018]

LEISURE FOR KIDS, 2012, http:// www.leisureforkids. co.uk/arboretum [Accessed 8 May 2018]

AUTHOR, 2018, ‘Bohemian Dress” [Taken 12 May 2018]

AUTHOR, 2018, ‘Flared Jeans” [Taken 12 May 2018]

HADDEN, C., 2017, http://www.womenmanagement.fr/ eliza-cummings-covering-wonderland-magazine-summer-2017-by-charlotte-hadden/ [Accessed 18 May 2018]

VOGUE, 2017, https:// glowsly.com/springsummer-2018-printtrends/ [Accessed 18 May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Girl Leaning on Totem Pole ’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Girl Amongst Leaves’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Girl In Arboretum’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Girl In Flower Field’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Girl Laying In Flowers’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Dancing Couple’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Girl On Steps’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Wild Nature’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Hippy Couple Leaning On Tree’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Girl And Yellow Flowers’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

DONALDSON, L.E., 2013, ‘Mason Jar Crafts—DIY Projects for Adorable Gifts, Rustic Decor, Clever Storage, Inventive Lighting and Much More ‘, https:// www.bridalguide.com/ planning/weddingreception/mason-jarcrafts?page=1%2C1 [Accessed 20 May 2018]

TAYLOR, A, 2018, ‘Couple Amongst Flowers’ [Taken 17th May 2018]

NADDYA, 2013, ‘Pink vintage roses, rosebuds and leaves. Vector illustration.– stock illustration’, https://depositphotos. com/29642281/stock-illustration-pink-vintage-roses-rosebuds-and.html [Accessed 20 May 2018]

GETTY IMAGE, 2018, https://www.popsugar.co.uk/author/ Hannah-Weil-McKinley?utm_medium=redirect&utm_campaign=:GB&utm_source=www. google.com&gdpr [Accessed 20 May 2018]