Jennifer Chen Design Portfolio
Primo,
We opened primo, at 57 Jane Street, New York, NY 10014. The restaurant was created from our love for food, art, and typography being our main inspiration. The menu combinations are created daily following the English alphabet.
Everyday primo, celebrates the English alphabets by identifying food ingredients which begin with each letter. There are carnivore and vegetarian food options
The Alphabet Poem by Charles Edward Carryl Have Angleworms attractive homes? Do Bumblebees have brains? Do Caterpillars carry combs? Do Dodos dote on drains? Can Eels elude elastic earls? Do Flatfish fish for flats? Are Grigs agreeable to girls? Do Hares have hunting-hats? Do Ices make an Ibex ill? Do Jackdaws jug their jam? Do Kites kiss all the kids they kill? Do Llamas live on lamb? Will Moles molest a mounted mink? Do Newts deny the news? Are Oysters boisterous when they drink? Do Parrots prowl in pews? Do Quakers get their quills from Quails? Do Rabbits rob on roads? Are Snakes supposed to sneer at snails? Do Tortoises tease toads? Can Unicorns perform on horns? Do Vipers value veal? Do Weasels weep when fast asleep? Can Xylophagans squeal? Do Yaks in packs invite attacks? Are Zebras full of zeal?
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Starters
Starters
Argula, Artichoke, Alfalfa sprouts salad with Amaretto dressing
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served with
Main Course
Desserts 57 jane street, new york, ny 10014 1 212 754 9494 primo.com
Apple and Apricot crumble topped with Almond ice cream
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Main Course
Agedashi served with dried bonito tuna flakes, ginger with soy sauce and mirin dipping sauce
Albacore tuna Apricot sauce and sliced Avocado
lightly grilled
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roasted
Abbacchio in Abado sauce Acorn squash and roasted Asparagus
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served with mash
Desserts
Apple Apricot crumble Almond ice cream
and 6 Did you know? The shortest word in the English language topped with with all its letters in alphabetical order is the word “almost.�
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primo, is the fundamental for many words in Latin. To maintain the fundamental, the most basic shape—square, is used to create menus, business cards and comment cards.
To continue with our concept, we welcome you with a crossword puzzle where you can search for food information on food and typography.
30 Hour Famine
A series of four posters to promote the international event— 30 Hour Famine hosted by World Vision on the 25th and 26th of February, 2011. At the School of Visual Arts, we had five participants and raised $210 which was entirely dedicated to help children in Mali.
HELP AFRICA We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.
Sierra Leone
Each disease costs Africa at least US$10 billion every year in lost GDP. This number is not something we can afford to lose, why let them? With a little of your help, we can help provide them clean water and a descent sanitation standard that anyone deserves.
Liberia
Djibouti
Zambia Angola
Diseases = Poverty The link between disease and poverty comes from workers who are weakened by AIDS or malaria, and they miss work and don’t have paid sick leave. Their employers lose their productivity, decreasing profits. Other family members also have to stay home from work or school to take care of the ailing person, so the loss expands.
Mozambique
Swaziland Lesotho
30.83%
24.08%
22.20%
21.91%
In Swaziland, major health problems include bilharzia, typhoid, tapeworm, gastroenteritis, malaria, kwashiorkor, and pellagra while there are about 83 doctors, 7 dentists, 13 pharmacists, and 1,264 nurses. Only about 43% of the population have access to safe water, and 36% have adequate sanitation. At the end of 2001, the number of people living with HIV/AIDS was estimated at 170,000, including 33.4% of the adult population.
Angola lies in the yellow fever endemic zone. Cholera incidence is high. Only a small fraction of the population receives even rudimentary medical attention. As of 1999, the ratio of physicians per population was estimated at 1.3 per 1,000 people. As of 2001, there were an estimated 350,000 adults and children living with HIV/AIDS and the disease affected 5.5% of the adult population.
The major health issues in Lesotho, such as pellagra and kwashiorkor, stem from poor nutrition and inadequate hygiene. Tuberculosis and venereal diseases are also serious problems. The AIDS crisis in Lesotho is severe. At the end of 2001, the number of people living with HIV/AIDS was estimated at 360,000, including 18% of the adult population.
Sierra Leone has 52 hospitals and 263 dispensaries and health treatment centers. There is an estimated 0.1 physicians per 1,000 people. Lassa fever has continued to spread in the Kenema district since 1996. Malaria, tuberculosis, and schistosomiasis remain serious health hazards, as does malnutrition. At the end of 2001, the number of people living with HIV/AIDS was estimated at 170,000, including 7% of the adult population.
21.34%
20.73%
20.07%
19.10%
In Zambia, malaria and tuberculosis are major health problems, and hookworm and schistosomiasis afflict a large proportion of the population. In addition, the HIV/AIDS epidemic has increased the incidence of tuberculosis. Other commonly reported diseases in Zambia were diarrheal diseases, leprosy, and measles. Zambia has one of the highest rates of HIV infection. At the end of 2001, the number of people living with HIV/AIDS was estimated at 1.2 million, including 21.5% of the adult population.
In Liberia, malaria and measles are major health problems, and yellow fever, cholera, tuberculosis, and malnutrition are also prevalent. Dysentery, malaria, and diarrhea are major causes of infant mortality, which, at about 150 per 1,000 births, is high by world standards. The occurrence of HIV/AIDS in Liberia is increasing and is of growing concern. As of 2001, the number of people living with HIV/AIDS was estimated at 125,000.
In Mozambique, there is an overall lack of health staff especially in rural areas. The estimated doctor to patient ratio is 1:4,000. Malaria and tuberculosis are the main problems in Mozambique. At the end of 2001, the number of people living with HIV/AIDS was estimated at 1.1 million, including 13% of the adult population.
Malnutrition is severe and the incidence of tuberculosis high. Malaria is endemic. The city of Djibouti's publicly supplied water is suspect because the system is in disrepair. At last estimate, there were 18 hospitals, medical centers, and dispensaries, with a total of 1,283 beds; medical personnel included 89 physicians, 14 dentists, 20 pharmacists, and 1,314 paramedical personnel. As of 2001, the number of people living with HIV/AIDS was estimated at 37,000.
38.8% | 17,000 Deaths
Next shows the death rate of nations that suffer most from diseases and bad sanitation in the year 2010 with the AIDS adult prevelance rate and the number of AIDS deaths in the same year.
16.5% | 89,000 Deaths
3.9% | 21,000 Deaths
5.9% | 7,200 Deaths
28.9% | 29,000 Deaths
12.2% | 110,000 Deaths
7.0% | 11,000 Deaths
2.9% | 690 Deaths
There are many reasons for poverty in Africa—diseases, lack of education, war conflicts and land right disorganization. These informational posters are showing African countries that are most affected by these different issues.
Venture Links
As countries become more globalized, people are no longer just working nationally. This is a virtual platform to enhance global business interaction where members can find clients, sourcing manufacturers, trade shows from all over the world, as well as useful guides and tools regarding international business and trading.
This identity is a symbol of networking where clients and manufacturers work together. The website is designed to provide simple and clear pages for easy navigation in all five categories.
ChicChat...
Today, we are so driven by what the media presents to us, with fashion and beauty media being one of the most influential. Women read fashion magazines like a bible and they never miss the latest fashion trends to an unhealthy extent. So we ask—what is the ideal beauty and is it worth following?
Selected page layouts from the magazine which contain ten chapters to provide different perspectives on beauty.
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Cooking at Ease
In the city where many restaurants are available 24/7, it almost seems more convenient to eat out. While there are many options, we are neglecting the health issues that fast food creates. This cook book aims to demonstrate simple cooking tips and share quick and easy recipes to inspire your cooking incentive.
You Don’t Need Fancy Gear
Good Cooks Season “To Taste”
3 Out of 5 Listed Ingredients Will Do
Love Your Seasonal Vegetables
Planning Isn’t Rocket Science
Let’s Get the Music Started
Simply Delicious Lunch Recipes chicken asparagus soup stir-fry spaghetti moo goo gai pan grilled chicken pan bagnat pizza as you like it salmon fish cake
Quick and Easy Dinner Feasts ratatouille japanese chicken curry crunchy wasabi salmon sausage jambalaya stuffed peppers turkey chili
Hearty and Refreshing Appetizers tomato salad eggplant spread roasted beets with mint appetizer meatballs grilled mussels with curry butter roasted garlic dip
Good Cooks Season to Taste
Proper use of seasoning is one of the secrets to cooking. Good cooks season “to taste”. In other words, when possible use a little less seasoning than the recipe calls for and taste the dish when nearly finished cooking. Then add more seasoning to achieve the flavor you prefer. Basil A customary seasoning in tomato-based sauces, juices, and pesto. It blends well with oregano for pizza sauce. Bay Leaf
Thyme
Oregano
Parsley
Cayenne Pepper Cumin
Never eaten on their own, bay leaves instead are added whole to dishes while they are cooking, and fished out before serving. Use at the beginning of the cooking as the cooking times will release the flavors and volatile oils of the herb. Combine oregano with olive oil and brush on foods for the grill, or add it to other spices for a salt-substitute blend. Add to fish, poultry and vegetables. It compliments harsh flavors such as garlic. Use it in ethnic recipes, or sprinkle it on at the table whenever a dish needs extra zip. A primary ingredient in curry and garam masala blends, cumin seasons many ethnic dishes.
Black Sold in several forms. A dash of grind pepper a time adds zing to Pepper salads, meats, poultry, fish, and vegetables. Garlic Blends more easily into liquids, is a good choice for sauces. Use it in Powder tomato-based dishes, dressings, sausage, and spice blends. Dill
It works well in pickling, herb butters, sauces, and with fish. Dill compliments salads and salad dressing.
Salt
Use salt where ever you need to perk up flavors or add that “missing something” to your dish
Rosemary
Try rosemary in soups, stews and sauces, with apples and other fruits. It makes a refreshing and interesting additional taste.
You Don’t Need Fancy Gear
Cooking is easier if you have the right tools, but almost everything I’ve done uses a pot or a frying pan, a good knife and a spoon. If you don’t have a mixer, you can still mix by hand; it just takes longer and burns a few more calories.
Mixing Use ceramic or glass because some recipes can have an adverse Bowl reaction to plastic, aluminium or steel. Cutting Choose either wood or plastic cutting boards at various sizes for your Board cutting needs. Knife Use a steel knife, a strong metal that can withstand years of use. Grater Use a steady box grater and the four sides are all you need for shredding different types of cheeses into different sizes. Frying Pan A small cast iron frying pan heats up slowly but holds its temperature once it has done so and conducts heat very evenly. Measuring Stick with sets that have the fullest measurement so you can level off Cups easily when you’re measuring. Tongs Find a pair of tongs that won’t spread more than six inches apart to avoid constantly work at keeping them closed while cooking. Pot Choose a pot within six to twelve quart to be versatile for most cooking needs. Spatula Silicone spatulas are one of the most versatile spatulas. These spatulas are the most flexible. Spoon Having spoon spatula is great once you add the sauce. This saves you Spatula some dish washing by using only the one utensil.
crunchy wasabi salmon
I’ve made this dish several times, and it’s always far more satisfying than it is a challenge. Spicy wasabi peas can kick up your partyfood spread, and this popular snack can do the same for a thick piece of salmon.
3/4 cup wasabi pea 1” to 1-1/4” thick salmon 1 tbsp finely grated lime peel 2 tbsp olive oil, divided 6 cups sliced red cabbage 1 package sugar snap peas 2 tbsp fresh lime juice
Preheat oven to 400°F. Blend wasabi peas in processor until ground but with some coarsely crushed pieces. Lightly oil rimmed baking sheet. Arrange salmon fillets, skin side down, on prepared baking sheet. Sprinkle fish with salt. Press ground wasabi peas onto tops of salmon fillets to adhere, covering tops completely. Sprinkle grated lime peel over salmon; drizzle with 1 tablespoon oil. Roast salmon just until opaque in center, about 10 minutes. Meanwhile, heat remaining 1 tablespoon oil in large nonstick skillet over medium-high heat. Add cabbage and sugar snap peas; sauté until vegetables are crisp-tender, about 5 minutes. Season to taste with salt and pepper.
lime wedges Transfer 1 salmon fillet to each of 4 plates. Drizzle with lime juice. Mound cabbage-snap pea mixture alongside. Garnish with lime wedges and serve.
A collection of cooking tips, and lunch, dinner, appetizer recipes cards. Cards are contained in a wooden box inspired by the appearance of a cutting board.
pizza as you like it
Pizza is a good way to get rid of leftover ingredients in the fridge. It also makes for a quick and simple meal for lunch or even dinner if you have a side of salad. I always make a pie of pizza with whatever I have in fridge, cut it into slices, wrap in with foil and freeze it so I can bring a slice to work for lunch.
1 ready made pizza dough 2 links of sausages 4 heads of mushrooms, sliced 1/2 onion, diced 1/2 red bell pepper, sliced 1 can tomato sauce shredded mozzarella cheese 1 tsp basil salt and pepper to taste
Preheat oven to 425°F. Use a rolling pin, roll out a big pie. I buy my pizza dough at Trader Joe’s. Of course any brands will work just fine. Pour half a can of tomato sauce and spread it over the pie using the back of a butter knife. Sprinkle all ingredients evenly over the pie. Add seasoning. Pour shredded mozzarella cheese generously over the pie and pour the remaining tomato sauce. Bake in oven for about 25-30 minutes until the crust is golden. Serve fresh or divide it into slices and wrap with foil to freeze.
Sweatshop
To many of us, it is impossible to understand the lives of people working more than 8 hours a day, 7 days a week at a factory. We consider those as sweatshop and we actively try to ban it. However, a factory in these developing nations have more of an appealing work environment than the other options that these people have to choose from.
What You Don’t Know about Asia inquest.com April 10-16, 2011
Inquest
Featured Author Nicholas Kristof
Sweatshop Dream NICHOLAS D. KRISTOF The best way to help people in the poorest countries isn’t to campaign against sweatshops but to promote manufacturing there. One of the best things America could do for Africa would be to strengthen our program to encourage African imports, called AGOA, and nudge Europe to match it. Among people who work in development, many strongly believe that one of the best hopes for the poorest countries would be to build their manufacturing industries. But global campaigns against sweatshops make that less likely. PAGE 2
12 Hour Day NICHOLAS D. KRISTOF Look, poverty is wretched, and there are no easy ways out of it. The American and British industrial revolutions were ugly and exploitative, but they improved living standards dramatically. Dongguan represents an exhausting lifestyle on the assembly line, but Chinese are voting with their feet and choosing it over staying in the villages. PAGE 3
How Sweatshop Helps THOMAS J. DILORENZO Capital investment in poor countries will cause wages to rise over time by increasing the marginal productivity of labor. This is what has occurred since the dawn of the industrial revolution and it is occurring today all around the world. Discouraging such investment, which is the objective of the anti-sweatshop movement, will do the opposite and cause wages to stagnate. PAGE 4
The Case Of Sweatshop DAVID R. HENDERSON Capital investment in poor countries will cause wages to rise over time by increasing the marginal productivity of labor. This is what has occurred since the dawn of the industrial revolution and it is occurring today all around the world. Discouraging such investment, which is the objective of the anti-sweatshop movement, will do the opposite and cause wages to stagnate. PAGE 5
Two Cheers For Sweatshop They are dirty and dangerous. They are also a main reason Asia is back on track. It was breakfast time, and the food stand in the village in northeastern Thailand was crowded. Maesubin Sisoipha, the middle-aged woman cooking the food, was friendly, her portions large and the price right. For the equivalent of about 5 cents, she offered a huge green mango leaf filled with rice, fish paste and fried beetles. It was a hearty breakfast, if one didn’t mind the odd antenna left sticking in one’s teeth. One of the half-dozen men and women sitting on a bench eating was a sinewy, bare-chested laborer in his late 30’s named Mongkol Latlakorn. It was a hot, lazy day, and so we started chatting idly about the food and, eventually, our families. Mongkol mentioned that his daughter, Darin, was 15, and his voice softened as he spoke of her. She was beautiful and smart, and her father’s hopes rested on her. “Is she in school?” we asked. “Oh, no,” Mongkol said, his eyes sparkling with amusement. “She’s working in a factory in Bangkok. She’s making clothing for export to America.” He explained that she was paid $2 a day for a nine-hour shift, six days a week.
Let Them Sweat
“It’s dangerous work,” Mongkol added. “Twice the needles went right through her hands. But the managers bandaged up her hands, and both times she got better again and went back to work.” Mongkol looked up, puzzled. “It’s good pay,” he said. “I hope she can keep that job. There’s all this talk about factories clo-sing now, and she said there are rumors that her factory might close. I hope that doesn’t happen. I don’t know what she would do then.” He was not, of course, indifferent to
his daughter’s suffering; he simply had a different perspective from ours– not only when it came to food but also when it came to what constituted desirable work. Nothing captures the difference in mindset between East and West more than attitudes toward sweatshops. Nike and other American companies have been hammered in the Western press over the last decade for producing shoes, toys and other products in grim little factories with dismal conditions. CONTINUED ON PAGE 2
NICHOLAS D. KRISTOF
They should start an international campaign to promote imports from sweatshops, perhaps with bold labels depicting an unrecognizable flag and the words “Proudly Made in a Third World Sweatshop!’’ ATTOCK, Pakistan—When the G-8 leaders meet this week, cowering in a Canadian mountain resort beyond the reach of organized anarchists, here’s a way for them to bolster terror-infested third world countries like Pakistan. They should start an international campaign to promote
imports from sweatshops, perhaps with bold labels depicting an unrecognizable flag and the words ‘’Proudly Made in a Third World Sweatshop!’’ The Gentle Reader will think I’ve been smoking Pakistani opium. But the fact is that sweatshops are the only hope of kids
like Ahmed Zia, a 14-year-old boy here in Attock, a gritty center for carpet weaving. Ahmed, who dropped out of school in the second grade, earns $2 a day hunched over the loom, laboring over a rug that will adorn some American’s living room. CONTINUED ON PAGE 2
A newspaper promoting working in factories where many consider as sweatshop. Articles are collected from various international columnists who are well aware of working environments in developing nations to provide an in-depth view of the sweatshop issue.
Inquest 4-16-11 02
03 4-16-11 Inquest
NICHOLAS D. KRISTOF & SHERYL WUDUNN
They are dirty and dangerous. They are also a major reason Asia is back on track.
Let Them Sweat It is a sad pittance, but the American campaign against sweatshops could make his life much more wretched by inadvertently encouraging mechanization that could cost him his job. ‘’Carpet-making is much better than farm work,’’ Ahmed said, mulling alternatives if he loses his job as hundreds of others have over the last year. ‘’This makes much more money and is more comfortable.’’ Indeed, talk to third world factory workers and the whole idea of ‘’sweatshops’’ seems a misnomer. It is farmers and brickmakers who really sweat under the broiling sun, while sweatshop workers merely glow. The third world is already battered by heartless conservatives in the West who peddle arms and cigarettes or who block $34 million desperately needed for maternal and infant health by the United Nations Population Fund. So it’s
catastrophic for muddle-minded liberals to join in and cudgel impoverished workers for whom a sweatshop job is the first step on life’s escalator. By this point, I’ve offended every possible reader. But before you spurn a shirt made by someone like 8-year-old Kamis Saboor, an Afghan refugee whose father is dead and who is the sole breadwinner in the family, answer this question: How does shunning sweatshop products help Kamis? All the alternatives for him are worse. ‘’I dream of a job in a factory,’’ said Noroz Khan, who lives on a garbage dump and spends his days searching for metal that he can sell to recyclers. He earns about $1.40 a day, and children earn just 30 cents a day for scrounging barefoot in the filth– a few feet away from us, birds were pecking at the bloated carcass of a cow, its feet in the air.
Where Sweatshops are a Dream
Protests against sweatshops and the dark forces of globalization that they seem to represent have become common at meetings of the World Bank and the World Trade Organization and, this month, at a World Economic Forum in Australia, livening up the scene for Olympic athletes arriving for the competition. Yet sweatshops that seem brutal from the vantage point of an American sitting in his living room can appear tantalizing to a Thai laborer getting by on beetles. Fourteen years ago, we moved to Asia and began reporting there. Like most Westerners, we arrived in the region outraged at sweatshops. In time, though, we came to accept the view supported by most Asians: that the campaign against sweatshops risks harming the very people it is intended to help. For beneath their grime, sweatshops are a clear sign of the industrial revolution that is beginning to reshape Asia. This is not to praise sweatshops. Some managers are brutal in the way they house workers in firetraps, expose children to dangerous chemicals, deny bathroom breaks, demand sexual favors,
force people to work double shifts or dismiss anyone who tries to organize a union. Agitation for improved safety conditions can be helpful, just as it was in 19th century Europe. But Asian workers would be aghast at the idea of American consumers boycotting certain toys or clothing in protest. The simplest way to help the poorest Asians would be to buy more from sweatshops, not less. On our first extended trip to China, in 1987, we travelled to the Pearl River delta in the south of the country. There we visited several factories, including one in the boomtown of Dongguan, where about 100 female workers sat at workbenches stitching together bits of leather to make purses for a Hong Kong company. We chatted with several women as their fingers flew over their work and asked about their hours. “I start at about 6:30, after breakfast, and go until about 7 p.m.,” explained one shy teenage girl. “We break for lunch, and I take half an hour off then.” “You do this six days a week?” “Oh, no. Every day.” “Seven days a week?” “Yes.” She laughed at our
surprise. “But then I take a week or two off at Chinese New Year to go back to my village.” The others we talked to all seemed to regard it as a plus that the factory allowed them to work long hours. Indeed, some had sought out this factory precisely because it offered them the chance to earn more. “It’s actually pretty annoying how hard they want to work,” said the factory manager, a Hong Kong man. “It means we have to worry about security and have a supervisor around almost constantly.” It sounded pretty dreadful, and it was. We and other journalists wrote about the problems of child labor and oppressive conditions in both China and South Korea. But, looking back, our worries were excessive. Those sweatshops tended to generate the wealth to solve the problems they created. If Americans had reacted to the horror stories in the 1980’s by curbing imports of those sweatshop products, then neither southern China nor South Korea would have registered as much progress as they have today. The truth is, those grim factories in Dongguan and the rest of southern China contributed to a remarkable explosion of wealth. In the years since our first conversations there, we’ve returned many times to Dongguan and the surrounding towns and seen the transformation. Wages have risen from about $50 a month to $250 a month or more today. Factory conditions have improved as businesses have scrambled to attract and keep the best laborers. A private housing market has emerged, and video arcades and computer schools have opened to cater to workers
with rising incomes. A hint of a middle class has appeared– as has China’s closest thing to a Western-style independent newspaper, Southern Weekend. Partly because of these tens of thousands of sweatshops, China’s economy has become one of the hottest in the world. Indeed, if China’s 30 provinces were counted as individual countries, then the 20 fastest-growing countries in the world between 1978 and 1995 would all have been Chinese. When Britain launched the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century, it took 58 years for per capita output to double. In China, per capita output has been doubling every 10 years. In fact, the most vibrant parts of Asia are nearly all in what might be called the Sweatshop Belt, from China and South Korea to Malaysia, Indonesia and even Bangladesh and India. Today these sweatshop countries control about one-quarter of the global economy. As the industrial revolution spreads through China and India, there are good reasons to think that Asia will continue to pick up speed. Some World Bank forecasts show Asia’s share of global gross domestic product rising to 55 to 60 percent by about 2025– roughly the West’s share at its peak half a century ago. The sweatshops have helped lay the groundwork for a historic economic realignment that is putting Asia back on its feet. Countries are rebounding from the economic crisis of 1997-98 and the sweatshops– seen by Westerners as evidence of moribund economies– actually reflect an industrial revolution that is raising living standards in the East. Of course, it may sound silly to say that sweatshops offer a route
to prosperity, when wages in the poorest countries are sometimes less than $1 a day. Still, for an impoverished Indonesian or Bangladeshi woman with a handful of kids who would otherwise drop out of school and risk dying of mundane diseases like diarrhea, $1 or $2 a day can be a life-transforming wage. This was made abundantly clear in Cambodia, when we met a 40-year-old woman named Nhem Yen, who told us why she moved to an area with particularly lethal malaria. “We needed to eat,” she said. “And here there is wood, so we thought we could cut it and sell it.” But then Nhem Yen’s daughter and son-in-law both died of malaria, leaving her with two grandchildren and five children of her own. With just one mosquito net, she had to choose which children would sleep protected and which would sleep exposed. In Cambodia, a large mosquito net costs $5. If there had been a sweatshop in the area, however harsh or dangerous, Nhem Yen would have leapt at the chance to work in it, to earn enough to buy a net big enough to cover all her children. For all the misery they can engender, sweatshops at least offer a precarious escape from the poverty that is the developing world’s greatest problem. Over the past 50 years, countries like India resisted foreign exploitation, while countries that started at a similar economic level– like Taiwan and South Korea– accepted sweatshops as the price of development. Today there can be no doubt about which approach worked better. Taiwan and South Korea are modern countries with low rates of infant mortality and high levels of education; in contrast, every year 3.1 million
Indian children die before the age of 5, mostly from diseases of poverty like diarrhea. The effect of American pressure on sweatshops is complicated. While it clearly improves conditions at factories that produce branded merchandise for companies like Nike, it also raises labor costs across the board. That encourages less well established companies to mechanize and to reduce the number of employees needed. The upshot is to help people who currently have jobs in Nike plants but to risk jobs for others. The only thing a country like Cambodia has to offer is terribly cheap wages; if companies are scolded for paying those wages, they will shift their manufacturing to marginally richer areas like Malaysia or Mexico. Sweatshop monitors do have a useful role. They can compel factories to improve safety. They can also call attention to the impact of sweatshops on the environment. The greatest downside of industrialization is not exploitation of workers but toxic air and water. In Asia each year, three million people die from the effects of pollution. The factories springing up throughout the region are far more likely to kill people through the chemicals they expel than through terrible working conditions. By focusing on these issues, by working closely with organizations and news media in foreign countries, sweatshops can be improved. But refusing to buy sweatshop products risks making Americans feel good while harming those we are trying to help. As a Chinese proverb goes, “First comes the bitterness, then there is sweetness and wealth and honor for 10,000 years.”
About Nicolas D. Kristof
Nicholas Donabet Kristof, born April 27, 1959 in Chicago, Illinois, is an American journalist, author, op-ed columnist, and a winner of two Pulitzer Prizes. He has written an op-ed column for The New York Times since November 2001 and is widely known for bringing to light human rights abuses in Asia and Africa, such as human trafficking and the Darfur conflict. He has lived on four continents, reported on six, and travelled to 150 countries and all 50 states. According to his blog, during his travels he has had “unpleasant experiences with malaria, wars, an Indonesian mob carrying heads on pikes, and an African airplane crash”. Kristof is critical of the anti-sweatshop movement, claiming that the sweatshop model is a primary reason why Taiwan and South Korea—which accepted sweatshops as the price of development—are modern countries with low rates of infant mortality and high levels of education, while India—which generally has resisted sweatshops— suffers from a high rate of infant mortality. While admitting that sweatshop work is tedious, gruelling, and sometimes dangerous, he argues that it is considerably
NICHOLAS D. KRISTOF
Americans have a hard time accepting that sweatshops can help people. But for 13-year-old Neuo Chanthou, who earns a bit less than $1 a day scavenging in the dump. “It’s dirty, hot and smelly,” she said wistfully. “A factory is better.”
Before Barack Obama and his team act on their talk about “labor standards,” I’d like to offer them a tour of the vast garbage dump here in Phnom Penh. This is a Dante-like vision of hell. It’s a mountain of festering refuse, a half-hour hike across, emitting clouds of smoke from subterranean fires. The miasma of toxic stink leaves you gasping, breezes batter you with filth, and even the rats look forlorn. Then the smoke parts and you come across a child ambling barefoot, searching for old plastic cups that recyclers will buy for five cents a pound. Many families actually live in shacks on this smoking garbage. Mr. Obama and the Democrats who favor labor standards in trade agreements mean well, for they intend to fight back at oppressive sweatshops abroad. But while it shocks Americans to hear it, the central challenge in the poorest countries is not
that sweatshops exploit too many people, but that they don’t exploit enough. Talk to these families in the dump, and a job in a sweatshop is a cherished dream, an escalator out of poverty, the kind of gauzy if probably unrealistic ambition that parents everywhere often have for their children. “I’d love to get a job in a factory,” said Pim Srey Rath, a 19-year-old woman scavenging for plastic. “At least that work is in the shade. Here is where it’s hot.” Another woman, Vath Sam Oeun, hopes her 10-year-old boy, scavenging beside her, grows up to get a factory job, partly because she has seen other children run over by garbage trucks. Her boy has never been to a doctor or a dentist, and last bathed when he was 2, so a sweatshop job by comparison would be far more pleasant and less dangerous. I’m glad that many Americans are repulsed by
the idea of importing products made by barely paid, barely legal workers in dangerous factories. Yet sweatshops are only a symptom of poverty, not a cause, and banning them closes off one route out of poverty. At a time of tremendous economic distress and protectionist pressures, there’s a special danger that tighter labor standards will be used as an excuse to curb trade. When I defend sweatshops, people always ask me: But would you want to work in a sweatshop? No, of course not. But I would want even less to pull a rickshaw. In the hierarchy of jobs in poor countries, sweltering at a sewing machine isn’t the bottom. My views on sweatshops are shaped by years living in East Asia, watching as living standards soared—including those in my wife’s ancestral village in southern China— because of sweatshop jobs. Manufacturing is one sector that can provide millions of jobs. Yet sweatshops usually go not to the poorest nations but to better-off countries with more reliable electricity and ports. I often hear the
argument: Labor standards can improve wages and working conditions, without greatly affecting the eventual retail cost of goods. That’s true. But labor standards and “living wages” have a larger impact on production costs that companies are always trying to pare. The result is to push companies to operate more capital-intensive factories in better-off nations like Malaysia, rather than labor-intensive factories in poorer countries like Ghana or Cambodia. Cambodia has, in fact, pursued an interesting experiment by working with factories to establish decent labor standards and wages. It’s a worthwhile idea, but one result of paying above-market wages is that those in charge of hiring often demand bribes—sometimes a month’s salary— in exchange for a job. In addition, these standards add to production costs, so some factories have closed because of the global economic crisis and the difficulty of competing internationally. The best way to help people in the poorest countries
isn’t to campaign against sweatshops but to promote manufacturing there. One of the best things America could do for Africa would be to strengthen our program to encourage African imports, called AGOA, and nudge Europe to match it. Among people who work in development, many strongly believe that one of the best hopes for the poorest countries would be to build their manufacturing industries. But global campaigns against sweatshops make that less likely. Look, I know that Americans have a hard time accepting that sweatshops can help people. But take it from 13-year-old Neuo Chanthou, who earns a bit less than $1 a day scavenging in the dump. She’s wearing a “Playboy” shirt and hat that she found amid the filth, and she worries about her sister, who lost part of her hand when a garbage truck ran over her. “It’s dirty, hot and smelly here,” she said wistfully. “A factory is better.”
Inquest 4-16-11 04
04 4-16-11 Inquest
In Defense of a 12 Hour Day
The Case of Sweatshops
NICHOLAS D. KRISTOF
Poverty is wretched, and there are no easy ways out of it. The American and British industrial revolutions were ugly and exploitative, but they improved living standards dramatically. Plenty of you disagreed with my praise for the Chinese town of Dongguan, and for my comments about the woman who works 12-hour shifts seven days a week. The most common critique went something like this: Dongguan is a symbol of Chinese exploitation and sweatshops. The people there slave away in factories so that Americans can buy cheap sneakers, but they have no life at all. And that woman who works 12-hour days: That’s not a human existence! That’s Dickensian. What kind of a humanitarian are you to extol that kind of society? Those kinds of criticisms are easy to make from the comfort of a living room in the U.S. But Chinese swarm to Dongguan from Hunan Province and elsewhere in the interior of China because their alternatives are far worse. For many years I’ve followed
Workers usually have breakfast at 6.30 and start working at around 7.
the career of a young woman from a village in the impoverished Dabie mountains of Hubei Province, ever since she dropped out of sixth grade because she couldn’t pay her school fees. Eventually, with the help of American donors, she was able to go back to school and become an accountant, and now she works in Dongguan and sends money back to her family, lifting them out of poverty. Likewise, one of Sheryl’s distant relatives from her ancestral village is particularly ambitious. He moved to Dongguan and works in a factory there, and he is now the most successful person in the village. In short, Americans see exploitation, but Chinese see opportunity. As for that woman working 12-hour shifts, it’s easy for an American to say she should work shorter hours. But she wants
They take a lunch break at noon which they eat freshly cooked food at the dining hall.
How Sweatshop Help the Poor
It’s not about foreign investment creating Sweatshop. It’s about passing knowledge so people can get out of poverty.
less dangerous or arduous than most alternatives in poor countries. Sweatshops provide muchneeded jobs and boost the economy of extremely poor countries. He has called for well-meaning Americans to stop campaigning against sweatshops because it leads to closing down of manufacturing and processing plants in places where they are needed most. Responding to his critics, Kristof argues that campaigning to raise the wages in sweatshops will not achieve that goal; rather, the pressure will cause companies to rely on capital-intensive factories in better-off countries, avoiding Africa altogether. Bill Clinton said in September 2009: “There is no one in journalism, anywhere in the United States at least, who has done anything like the work he has done to figure out how poor people are actually living around the world, and what their potential is. So every American citizen who cares about this should be profoundly grateful that someone in our press establishment cares enough about this to haul himself all around the world to figure out what’s going on. I am personally in his debt, as are we all.”
to leapfrog out of poverty, and the only way to do that is to work very long hours. If she wants to work hard to earn more money, why is that bad? It seems very patronizing for Americans to say that she should work less and go to movies more, rather than work more and save for her children’s future. Look, poverty is wretched, and there are no easy ways out of it. The American and British industrial revolutions were ugly and exploitative, but they improved living standards dramatically. Dongguan represents an exhausting lifestyle on the assembly line, but Chinese are voting with their feet and choosing it over staying in the villages. Finally, some Americans complain that the workers just tread water and never get ahead. To anyone who has seen
Guangdong over the years, that is manifestly false. When I first traveled through Guangdong in 1983, workers got about 100 yuan a month and were crowded in wretched dormitories. Factory conditions were often dangerous, and the work arduous. Now, partly because of a labor shortage arising from the aging of the Chinese population, factories have to compete for workers, and wages now start at about 800 yuan a month. Dorms are better, food is better, and working conditions less dangerous (although still nowhere near as good as in American factories). Look at the Chinese model, and then look at the alternatives where there are few such factories– India, Ethiopia, East and West Timor, and so on. And by comparison the Chinese model looks fabulous.
Work begins again at 1 and ends at 5.30. If they work overtime, they get extra pay.
Workers’ food and shelter are both provided. Their bedrooms fit about 4 people per room.
all be thrown out of work, many of whom would be forced to resort to crime, prostitution, or starvation. That is the “moral high ground” that has been staked out on college campuses all over America where unions have been successful in instigating “anti-sweatshop” campaigns, seminars, and protests. That the anti-factory movement has always been motivated by either the socialists’ desire to destroy industrial civilization, or by the inherently non-competitive nature of organized labor, is further evidenced by the fact that there was never an “anti-sweat-farm movement.” Farm labor is still as rigorous as any physical labor, as it was 150 years ago. Indeed, in the early days of the industrial revolution—and in Third World countries today—one reason why families had so many more children than they do in wealthier countries today is that they were viewed as potential farm hands. Abraham Lincoln had less than one year of formal education because his parents, like most others on the early nineteenth-century American frontier, needed him as a farm hand. But since agriculture was not considered to be a form of capitalism, and did not pose any real threat to unionized labor, there was never any significant social protest over it. In a forthcoming article in the Journal of Labor Research Ben Powell and David Skarbek present the results of a survey of “sweatshops” in eleven Third World
countries. In nine of the eleven countries, “sweatshop” wages in foreign factories located there were higher than the average. In Honduras, where almost half the working population lives on $2/day, “sweatshops” pay $13.10/day. “Sweatshop” wages are more than double the national average in Cambodia, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Honduras. The implication of this for all those naïve college students (and faculty) who have been duped into becoming antisweatshop protesters is that they should support and encourage more direct foreign investment in the Third World if they are at all concerned about the economic wellbeing of the people there. It is never the workers in countries like Honduras who protest the existence of a new factory there built by a Nike or a General Motors. The people there benefit as consumers as well as workers, since there are more (and cheaper) consumer goods manufactured and sold in their country (as well as in other parts of the world). Capital investment of this sort is infinitely superior to the alternative—foreign aid—which always empowers the governmental recipients of the “aid,” making things even worse for the private economies of “aid” recipients. Market-based capital investment is always far superior to politicized capital allocation. Moreover, if the foreign investment fails, the economic burden falls on the investors and stockholders, not the poor Third World country.
DAVID R. HENDERSON
The next time you feel guilty for buying clothes made in a thirdworld sweatshop, remember this: you’re helping the workers who made that clothing. Candida Rosa Lopez, a female employee in a Nicaraguan garment factory, works long hours over a sewing machine at less than a dollar an hour. Interviewed recently by a Miami Herald reporter, Ms. Lopez has a message for people in the United States and other wealthy countries who are nervous about buying goods from “sweatshops”: “I wish more people would buy the clothes we make.” Contrary to what you have heard, sweatshops in third-world countries are a good deal for the people who work in them. Why? Because work, other than slave labor, is an exchange. A worker chooses a particular job because she thinks herself better off in that job than at her next-best alternative. Most of us would regard a low-paying job in Nicaragua or Honduras as a lousy job. But we’re not being asked to take those jobs. Those jobs are the best options those workers have, or else they would quit and work elsewhere.
You don’t make someone better off by taking away the best of a bunch of bad choices. Many workers in third-world sweatshops have left even harder, lower-paying jobs in agriculture to move to garment factories. Moreover, sweatshops are a normal step in economic development. Singapore, Malaysia, South Korea, and Hong Kong all had sweatshop jobs thirty years ago. They don’t now because workers in those countries have acquired skills and employers have accumulated capital. That’s what will happen in Honduras, Nicaragua, and other poor countries—if we only let it. What happens when people persuade companies not to hire children to work long hours? Oxfam, the British charity, reported that when factory owners in Bangladesh were pressured to fire child laborers, thousands of the children became prostitutes or starved. Yet the National Labor Committee’s executive director,
“
Everyday I start at about 6:30, after breakfast, and go until about 7 p.m. We break for lunch, and I take half an hour off then. But then I take a week or two off at Chinese New Year to go back to my village.”
Charles Kernaghan, goes around the country attacking sweatshops and trying to put legal barriers in the way of people buying from sweatshops. Robert Reich, former U.S. labor secretary under President Clinton, pressured Reebok International and Sears Roebuck to get ShinWon, their South Korean subcontractor in Honduras, to lay off fifty teenage girls. He apparently did not ask, or care, what happened to
them after they lost their jobs. Why are Kernaghan and Reich hurting the people they claim to care about? Simple. The people they really care about are unionized garment workers in the United States; the NLC is funded by U.S. unions. The garment workers lost on NAFTA and lost on GATT. This is their lastditch effort to prevent foreign competition. The next time you feel guilty
for buying clothes made in a third-world sweatshop, remember this: you’re helping the workers who made that clothing. The people who should feel guilty are those who argue against, or use legislation to prevent us, giving a boost up the economic ladder to members of the human race unlucky enough to have been born in a poor country. Someone who intentionally gets you fired is not your friend.
THOMAS J. DILORENZO
One of the oldest myths about capitalism is the notion that factories that offer the poor higher wages to lure them off the streets (and away from lives of begging, stealing, prostitution, or worse) or away from back-breaking farm labor somehow impoverishes and exploits them. They are said to work in “sweatshops” for “subsistence wages.” That was the claim made by socialists and unionists in the early days of the industrial revolution, and it is still made today by the same category of malcontents—usually by people who have never themselves performed manual labor and experienced breaking a sweat while working. (I am not referring here to the red herring claim that most foreign “sweatshops” utilize some kind of slave labor. This is an outrageous propaganda ploy designed to portray defenders of free markets as being in favor of slavery). The self-interest of labor unions in this anti-capitalist crusade has always been transparent: Unions cannot exist without somehow prohibiting competition from non-union labor, whether that labor is at home or abroad. Thus, they wage campaigns of propaganda, intimidation, or violence against non-union workers, whether they are in Indiana or Indonesia. They are not in the least concerned about the well-being of the Third World poor. If the labor unions have their way, the poor whose lives are improved by their employment by multinational corporations would
Owner of Re-Plast Extruder Corp. “My dining room and bedroom are no different from what my workers have. I believe if I am a part of them, they will be a part of me. This is how I run a factory.
During the socialist calculation debate of the early twentieth century, one of the responses that Ludwig von Mises made to the “market socialists” was that it could never be sufficient to simply read the Wall Street Journal and use the prices for inputs and other goods as revealed in the capitalist countries in order to make socialism work, as they contended. As important as private property and market-driven prices are to capitalism, another necessary ingredient for capitalist success is a culture of entrepreneurship, management, risk taking, marketing, financial know-how, and other skills that have developed over several hundred years in the capitalist countries. Without this, the market socialists could only play at pretend-capitalism. Another virtue of foreign investment in the Third World is that it has the potential of transferring such knowledge to countries where it previously did not exist—or at least was not very prevalent. It is not only technology that the poor countries need, but the culture of capitalism. Without it they will never dig their way out of poverty. The existence of foreign factories in poor countries also creates what economists call “agglomeration economies.” The location of a factory will cause many businesses of all types to sprout all around the factory to serve the factory itself as well as all of the employees. Thus, it is not just the factory jobs that are created. Furthermore,
a successful investment in a poor country will send a signal to other potential investors that there is a stable environment for investment there, which can lead to even more investment, job creation and prosperity. Capital investment in poor countries will cause wages to rise over time by increasing the marginal productivity of labor. This is what has occurred since the dawn of the industrial revolution and it is occurring today all around the world. Discouraging such investment, which is the objective of the anti-sweatshop movement, will do the opposite and cause wages to stagnate. Finally, perhaps one of the strongest virtues of foreign “sweatshops” is that they weaken the hand of American labor unions. With few exceptions, American unions have long been at the forefront of anti-capitalist ideology and have supported virtually all the destructive tax and regulatory policies that have been so poisonous to American capitalism. Unions believe that they cannot exist unless workers can be convinced that employers are the enemies of the working class, if not society, and that they (the workers) need unions to protect them from these exploiters. If you want to support the Third World poor, purchase more of the products that they labor to make in the capitalist enterprises that have located there.
Shopping Recommendation If you want to support the Third World poor, purchase more of the products that they labor to make in the capitalist enterprises that have located there. Nike
Nike, Inc. is a major publicly traded sportswear and equipment supplier based in the United States. It is the world’s leading supplier of athletic shoes and apparel and a major manufacturer of sports equipment. As of 2008, it employed more than 30,000 people worldwide.
Kmart
Kmart is a chain of discount department stores in the United States, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Guam which houses the largest Kmart in the world. Kmart is the third largest discount store chain in the world. As of January 30, 2010, Kmart operated a total of 1,327 Kmart stores across 49 states, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Apple
Apple Inc. is an American multinational corporation that designs and markets consumer electronics, computer software, and personal computers. As of September 2010, Apple had 46,600 full time employees and 2,800 temporary full time employees worldwide and had worldwide annual sales of $65.23 billion.
Macy’s
A&F
Abercrombie & Fitch is an American retailer that focuses on casual wear for consumers ages 18 through 22. With over 300 locations in the United States, the brand is now expanding internationally. The company is on track to open flagship stores in Copenhagen, Croatia, Denmark and Fukuoka, Japan, as well as 60 of its namesake stores in the U.S.
Target
Target is an American retailing company that was founded in 1902. As of May 2010, the company has opened stores in every state except Vermont, operating as Target or SuperTarget. Target is the second largest discount retailer in the United State.
Microsoft
Topshop
Gap
Macy’s is a U.S. chain of midto-high range department stores. In addition to its New York flagship store, the company has designated additional regional flagships in several other major urban centers and as of January 30, 2010 operates a total of 800 stores in the United States.
Walmart
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is an American public multinational corporation that runs a chain of large discount department stores and a chain of warehouse stores. In 2010 it was the world’s largest public corporation by revenue, according to the Forbes Global 2000 for that year. Wal-Mart has 8,500 stores in 15 countries, with 55 different names.
Asus
Topshop is a British clothes retailer with stores in over 20 countries and online operations in some of its markets. Topshop’s sales primarily come from women’s clothing and fashion accessories. In 1978, Topman was created as a spinoff brand to cater for male customers and is now run as a separate chain, although some stores are co-located.
The Gap, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer based in San Francisco, California, founded in 1969. As of September 2008, Gap, Inc. has approximately 135,000 employees and operates 3,076 stores worldwide, of which 2,551 are in the United States.
Sears
Tesco
Sears is an American chain of department stores. Sears Department Store is a chain of department stores that are located in shopping malls. There are 926 fullsize Sears stores in the United States. There are also 301 Sears locations in Canada and 66 in Mexico.
Tesco plc is a global grocery and general merchandising retailer. It is the third-largest retailer in the world measured by revenues and the second-largest measured by profits. It has stores in 14 countries across Asia, Europe and North America and is the grocery market leader in the UK, Malaysia, the Republic of Ireland and Thailand.
HTC
Dell
HTC Corporation is a Taiwan-based manufacturer of smartphones. HTC’s sales revenue totalled $2.2 billion for 2005, a 102% increase from the prior year. It was listed as the fastest-growing tech company in BusinessWeek’s Info Tech 100.
ASUS is a computer product manufacturer centered in Taiwan. As of 2009 ASUS has manufacturing facilities in Taiwan, China, Mexico and the Czech Republic. The ASUS Hi-Tech Park, located in Suzhou, China, covers 540,000 square meters, roughly the size of 82 soccer fields. ASUS operates 50 service sites in 32 countries and has over 400 service partners worldwide. It provides support in 37 languages.
Dell Inc. is an American multinational information technology corporation, that develops, sells and supports computers and related products and services. The company employs more than 96,000 people worldwide. Dell is the third largest PC maker in the world.
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NEW YORK, FRIDAY 1:30PM
Power
Power is a series of distinct scents to celebrate women’s strength and characteristics. We believe that every woman carries an unique scent. Just like personalities, they are never exactly the same. This collection of perfume is a celebration to all precious women and their one and only beauty.
Patterns are inspired by different flowers—iris, amaryllis, gladiolus, and marigold. Each flower is chosen for their personality to make a connection with individual qualities that women have.
On the Pulse of Morning
Maya Angelou’s writings have a way of embracing people. The poem has a strong sense of history and a brighter future. It relates to diversity, change over time, and equality. Pairing this poem with photographs by established American photographers, I hope to present a sense of hopefulness and positivity.
The poem is illustrated with famous photography by established American photographers to show history, path, diversity and hope.
Root
Over the past year, I have become increasingly aware of food-culture in the United States, and began to look with new eyes every time I visited the grocery store or farmer’s market. I was struck by the profound wastefulness of consumer packaged goods and so I wanted to envision a shopping experience that eradicated all packaging, all paper, and all conceivable waste.
Bamboo being the core influence in the concept and design, the identity aims to show nature, and growth with an organic touch, while the architecture focuses on creating a smooth and free atmosphere to provide an easy shopping experience.
Oil & Condiments
Dairy & Juices
Grains & Legumes
Breakfast & Snacks Information Wall Sterilization Zone Information Center Entrance
Oil & Condiments
Staff Only
Dairy & Juices
Cashier
Grains & Legumes
Body & Cleaning
Breakfast & Snacks
Fresh Produce
Information Wall
Meat & Seafood
Sterilization Zone
Containers
Information Center
Egg & Cheese
Entrance
Hot Bverages
To eliminate all conceivable waste, the shopping system involves customers buying permanent containers at the store and refilling the products stored in the tubs which are restocked once every three days when farmers bring new shipment.
A wide-format touch screen installed on the information wall where a series of images are looping in the background while customers receive interactive information about ROOT by tapping on the different graphics.
The website serves both as an introduction of ROOT to perspective customers and a member space for current customers. Customers can log on to their accounts to view their past transactions at ROOT, edit information and plan their shopping list for their next visit at ROOT.
Our farmers are packing this shipment
ARTICHOKE $0.65 /lb
TURNIP $0.80 /lb
CHEERY $2.50 /lb
NAVEL ORANGE $0.65 /lb
COLUMBIUM MEDIUM $6.50 /lb
MINT TEA $4.50 /oz
BROWN SUGAR $1.00 /lb
ROASTED CASHEW $0.65 /oz
FUSILLI $2.00 /lb
KIDNEY BEANS $2.00 /lb
INSTANT OATMEAL $0.40 /oz
RAISINS $3.50 /lb
This shipment is in store.
The containers of this shipment is going through sterilization
ARTICHOKE Woodsy, green, and celerylike, but even more delicate. The sweet taste of an artichoke captures the essence of a garden. Only eat the tender bottoms of the outer leaves. As you peel them away, you come to the choke. Once you scrape away the furry, inedible part, savor the flavor-packed, sweet, pale green heart.
ADD TO LIST
MY SHOPPING LIST Rice
Cereal
Beans
Long grain white rice
Cheerios
Black beans
Long grain brown rice
Shredded oats
Pinto beans
Basmati rice
Raisin Bran
Kidney beans
Jasmine rice
Rice crispy
Pasta
Oatmeal
Garbanzo Beans Nuts
Thin spaghetti
Granola
Almonds
Penne
Muesli
Cashews
Fusilli
Instant oatmeal
Walnut
Egg noodle
Irish maple oatmeal
Pecans
GO BACK
There are three sets of tubs rotating in the chain between the farms and ROOT. The iPhone application provides customers with updates of where the products are located. They can view the sale items in the shipment and add them into the shopping list for their next visit at ROOT.
Jennifer Chen 10 West End Avenue 4E New York, NY 10023 347 233 1002 jennifer@jensychen.com jensychen.com