EAST AFRICAN SUSTAINABILITY APPENDIX
Appendix for East African Sustainability Jesper Rasmussen, gbh605 March 2019 08.15-18 Tanzania shilling (TZS) to Danish kroner (DKK) 1000 TZS = 2.87 DKK All scientific plant names cited are in accordance with the plantlist.org
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPENDIX 1
CULTIVATED EDIBLE PLANTS
APPENDIX 2
WILD EDIBLE PLANTS
APPENDIX 3
REGISTRATION OF PLANTS
APPENDIX 4
REGISTRATION OF PLANT PRICES
APPENDIX 5
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FIELD TRIP EXPERIENCES
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PICTURES REFERENCES
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APPENDIX
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CULTIVATED EDIBLE PLANTS (Brink and Belay, 2007, Grubben and Denton, 2004, Prota4u.org, 2018, van der Vossen and Mkamilo, 2007)
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APPENDIX
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WILD EDIBLE PLANTS (Ruffo, 2002)
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APPENDIX
3
REGISTRATION OF PLANTS
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Luis
Location 2
A7 Dodoma
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Mbezi river
Bagamoyo
Location 1 Ukwamani
Kibululu
Bagamoyo Rd
Mbezi river catchment
Dar es Salaam C
A7 Nelson Mandela Rd
1:45,000 Figure 1: Locations for where the plant registrations where done in the city.
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APPENDIX
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REGISTRATION OF PLANT PRICES
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Ally Sykes road Bagamoyo
Mbezi river
Location 1
Ukwamani
Bagamoyo Rd
Dar es Salaam C - 12km
Location 1 - Bagamoyo Rd
Visited June 19th GPS Coordinates: 6°44’21.11”S - 39°14’10.33”E
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Indian Ocean
Mbezi river catchment
Kawe Beach
Location 2 Old Bagamoyo Rd Mwai Kibaki
Figure 2: Locations for where in the city the registration of plant prices where done.
1:8,000
Location 2 - Kawe Beach
Visited June 19th GPS Coordinates: 6°44’8.18”S - 39°12’58.15”E
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APPENDIX
5
FIELD TRIP EXPERIENCES
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FIELD TRIP EXPERIENCES
In the beginning of June 2018, I visited Dar es Salaam for around three weeks. Before I left for Dar es Salaam, I made a list covering the objectives for the trip, preparing what to do, what to see and what to look for, based on the knowledge I already had from theory and literature. The aim of the trip, was to gain as much new knowledge about the Mbezi river catchment a possible, to get an idea of what the inhabitants were eating of local fruit and vegetables, and to see which plants were actually growing in the area.
eting the locals and talking with them about their life, their problems and hearing their stories. I visited the area close to the estuary of the Mbezi river to see what damages the river had made to the landscape closest to the ocean. I also spent some time during the first part of the trip on establishing contact with both professors and students from the universities in Dar es Salaam. At Ardhi University I meet with Professor Wilbard J. Kombe, Stephen E. Mbuligwe, Given Justin Mhina and Simon Mpyanga, who have all been a part of the WGA project. They were all very helpful as they shared their knowledge about the Mbezi river catchment and helped with many of the practical issues associated with visiting the area.
During my stay in Dar es Salaam, I lived in the Mbezi Beach area, just north of the estuary of the Mbezi river. I chose this place in the city in order to get a better sense of the kinds of people who live in the area, how their income and social standard are, At the University of Dar es Salaam I met and to be situated close to the Mbezi river with Ronald Ndesanjo, a Ph.D. student in catchment. Climate Change Risk, Adaptation and Mitigation; Social and Ecological Systems ResiTo get around the city, I hired a local private lience; Environment, Livelihoods and Dechauffeur, mostly because of the practicali- velopment. Ronald had a lot of knowledge ty, but also to get in touch with someone about how climate changes impact the agwho knows the city, and the people who live riculture of Tanzania, which he kindly shathere. red with me.
In the first part of the field trip, my focus The second part of the trip focused mainly was on exploring the city (Figure 3), me- on visiting the areas of Luis, Kibululu and
Left page - Figure 3: Dar es Salaam is a city in fast development.
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Ukwamani. My first visit was to Ukwamani and the area around the large settlement. I visited Ukwamani on my own and explored as much as I could. However, the area is very poor, and locals advised me not to spend too much time in the area on my own.
on this walk through the area. He helped me determine the edible plant species in the area, both wild an cultivated, and talked with me about the potential for urban agriculture in an area like the Mbezi river catchment. To help myself keep track in the process and document my findings, I used GPS to track both my routes in the areas as My second visit was to Kibululu (Figure 4). well as to mark everything I found. Given from Ardhi University kindly introduced me to the sub ward of the area, Ste- On my many trips through the city, I noticed phen Mecky. Stephen took me on a full tour many small outdoor shops along the side of around the area, both explaining and show- the road, selling plants of different kinds. I ing the climate change problems his area is visited these small shops many times to lefacing. He gave me the information and op- arn about the prices of different crops and portunities necessary to make good on-site ornamentals, to get a better idea of which analysis, collect data for further research plants would be easiest to buy locally, and and make photo documentation of the area. how much it would cost to establish LSM Stephen also introduced me to residents in solutions that include urban farming. the area, which gave me the opportunity to hear their stories. The field trip not only gave me a lot of knowledge about the problems in the Mbezi river My last visit to the area was Luis. As with catchment, but also gave me significant inKibululu, Given had introduced me to the sight into the lives of the people living in sub ward, who had made an appointment the area. I saw the direct consequences of with a local man to show me around in the climate changes first hand and spoke with area. On the tour around Luis, I both focu- the people who live with these consequensed on the problems of climate changes, but ces every day, trying their best to keep some also on the plants in the area. Ronald from kind of semi-decent living standard, or just the University of Dar es Salaam joined me trying to survive.
Left page - Figure 4: A small kid playing watching his mother work in Kibululu.
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PICTURES
Figure 3: Original, GPS coordinates: Figure 4: Original, GPS coordinates:
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REFERENCES
All references are in accordance with the 6th edition of the APA manual. Brink, M. and Belay, G. (Editors), (2007). Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 1, Cereals and pulses, PROTA Foundation, Wageningen, Netherlands/Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands/CTA, Wageningen, Netherlands, 298 pp. Grubben, G.J.H. and Denton, O.A. (Editors), (2004). Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2, Vegetables, PROTA Foundation, Wageningen, Netherlands/Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands/CTA, Wageningen, Netherlands, 668 pp. Prota4u.org (2018). PROTA4U Search Screen, https://www.prota4u.orgiclatabase/, Accessed 09-18-2018. Ruffo, C. K., Birnie, A. and Tengnas, B. (2002). Edible Wild Plants of Tanzania, RELMA Technical Handbook Series 27. Nairobi, Kenya: Regional Land Management Unit (RELMA), Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida). van der Vossen, H.A.M. and Mkamilo, G.S. (Editors), (2007). Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 14, Vegetable oils, PROTA Foundation, Wageningen, Netherlands/Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands/CTA, Wageningen, Netherlands, 237 pp.
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Jesper Rasmussen March 2019