Bipolar Disorder
What is bipolar disorder? •
Bipolar I disorder: manic or mixed episodes that last for more than seven days, or severe manic symptoms requiring hospitalization. Depressive episodes that last at least 2 weeks might also occur.
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Bipolar II disorder: Long lasting depressive episodes with hypomanic episodes that do not become full-blown manic episodes or mixed episodes. Bipolar II is typically less disruptive than Bipolar I disorder
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Bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (BP-NOS): Bipolar symptoms exist in a person and are clearly not within the normal range of behavior for that individual, but they do not meet any of the diagnostic criteria for the above bipolar disorders .
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Cyclotheymic disorder or cyclothymia: A milder form of bipolar disorder where a person will experience hypomania and mild depression for more than two years but they do not fulfill the above diagnostic criteria .
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Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder: a person experiences four or more episodes of depression, mania, mixed states, or hypomania within one year.
Bipolar disorder symptoms Symptoms of a manic state include: •
Feeling overly happy, outgoing, or high over a long period of time
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Feeling irritable and restless
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Racing thoughts and fast talking, often jumping from idea to idea
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Easily distracted
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Doing more activities, especially engaging in high-risk behavior and impulsivity .
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Feeling invulnerable, having an inflated ego, or being overly confident in one’s abilities
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Not sleeping and not feeling tired
Bipolar disorder symptoms Symptoms of depressive state include: •
Feeling hopeless and sad over a long period of time
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No longer feeling interested in favorite activities
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Feeling irritable and restless
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Fatigue and a feeling of moving slowly
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A lack of concentration and an inability to remember or make decisions
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A change in sleep patterns, eating habits and other activities
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Suicidal thoughts
Causes of bipolar disorder •
A close blood relative, such as a sibling or parent, with bipolar disorder
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Chronic stress
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Death of a loved one or similar significant life changes
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Substance abuse
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Young adults, especially those in their young 20s, are at a higher risk
Bipolar disorder diagnosis When a person believes he or she is bipolar, the first step is to visit a doctor for diagnosis; however, there is no one bipolar disorder test. Typically, the initial phase will include a physical examination and tests in order to rule out any other conditions that may be causing the extreme mood swings, such as thyroid problems, stroke, or a brain tumor. The doctor will also ask about any family history of bipolar disorder or other mental health conditions.
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