NOT IN MY BACK YARD Exploring how to create a permeable, diverse, and low maintenance streetscape based on recycled material in peri-urban areas?
Student Name: JIANGNAN LAN Student Number: 934765 Course Leader: Alistair Kirkpatrick
RESEARCH QUESTION Is it possible to create a new and corresponding streetscape and housing estate typology based on the construction, demolition, and green waste or recycled waste products to enhance streetscape biodiversity, and to reduce the built cost in peri-urban areas?
DESIGN STATEMENT Pei-urban areas that provide ecological, economic, and social services for urban areas have become dumping sites for waste, which results in environmental degradation, waste of land resources, and adverse effects on the livelihood and health of residents. As the most common landscape in peri-urban areas in Australia, the existing streetscape are suffering impervious surface, bland and non-diverse landscape, and relatively high maintenance cost. The lawn needs to be mown, trees are irrigated, and the curb is maintained regularly. The increasing waste provides new possibilities for improving seriously homogeneous streetscapes in terms of materials, specific vegetation, and topography. Under the economic recession affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, how to reduce the construction and maintenance cost is also a very important consideration. This project will explore how to use recycled construction, demolition, and green waste to enhance streetscape biodiversity, build a cost-effective community, and add ecological value in peri-urban areas.
ESTABLISH THE ISSUE CONTEXT SITE SELECTION SITE CONDITIONS
DESIGN EXPLORATION LITERATURE REVIEW PRECEDENT
CONTENT
CONCEPT DEISIGN SKETCH
DESIGN OUTCOME MASTER PLAN SECTION SECTION IN 2030 DETAILED LAYERS PERSPECTIVE REFERENCE
Taken by Jiangnan Lan
CONTEXT North of Melbourne peri-urban areas
Bianca cres
Giselle cct
Mietta tce
Regent Ave
Valley Park Dr
Rapa dr
Saxby st
East of Melbourne peri-urban areas
Hill View Rise
West of Melbourne peri-urban areas
Melbourne Landfill Location SCALE 1:300000 Landfill in 1979 Landfill in 1992 Landfill in 2003 Urban Growth Boundary
Clifton st
More landfill migrates to peri-urban areas in Melbourne, which causes environmental pollution and waste of resources. The streets in the north, east, and west of Melbourne peri-urban areas also show similarity and homogeneity. The waste, especially the construction and demolition waste, such as bricks, concrete, and gravel, could be recycled and reused, which would offer more opportunities to create a more different, ecological, and diverse streetscape.
SITE LOCATION
Urban growth boundary
Victoria, Australia
Greenvale, Melbourne
Melbourne Interstitial Space - Peri Urban Area
SITE
SCALE 1:250000 Peri-Urban Boundary
0
Simple Complex Area
Farming or grazing area, usally close to one edge (peri-urban or green space)
Medium Complex Area
Close to two edges. one is peri-urban, another could to different lanuse, such as green space, Industrial area, and so on
Highly Complex Area
Close to three or more edges, which has abundant topography and land use changes, which could be quarry, green space, reservior and so on
5
10
SCALE 1:20000@A3
km
15
The site is located in the edge of Greenvale, a suburb of Melbourne, 21 km north of Melbourne's central business district. Residential areas began to sprawl on the urban fringe due to urbanization, which, on the one hand, brought pollution, deforestation of vegetation, and waste of land resources, on the other hand, also provided opportunities and resources for new housing typology to be applied to solve those problems.
2010
Residential area Quarry
Road Contour Line
Parkland
Boundary
Vegetation
Creek/Ponds
Agriculture area
2021
0 250
500
m 1000
SITE CONDITION
Impermea
ble surfac
e
Spring SITE
1km
2km
e
e landscap
Non divers
Summer
p
u kes
ta land
land
d woo
Farm
ark
p ric
Autumn
e vale R Green
Gra
sslan
d
r servoi
lan
d
oo W
isto h d
Winter
Undulating landscapes are the main feature of the grassland site. Remnant vegetation is located in the north and south of the site due to the increasing farmland activities. The site is close to the woodland historic park and Greenvale reservoir, which attracted so many people to visit or settle here, therefore so many new residential areas were built here. However, the existing streetscape has some problems, such as impermeable surface, non-diverse landscape, and high maintenance costs.
LITERATURE PRECIDENT
Building materials have to be transported, even sourced, from different countries around the world, their raw ingredients dug from the earth. This embodied energy, and the corresponding emission of toxic greenhouse gases and the reduction of non-renewable energy sources, doesn’t equate to a dollar cost. So why spend the extra money? ——Toby Horrocks
BUILT PRECIDENT
CONCEPT Green waste Bricks
Barangaroo Reserve
Normal park
By Simon Leake
Concrete
Gravel
Waste recycle (Mt) Waste generation 4
3
2
1 0
Stone
Timber
Recycle wood mulch Mulch (leaves)
Topsoil: 50/50 crushed sandstone, washed sand 10-20% compost (green waste)
Topsoil
Subsoil: 70/30 crushed sandstone, washed sand
Subsoil
Mulch (leaves)
Fertilizer
Recycled mulch
Recycled soil
Retaining Wall
Normal park usually uses mulch and fertilizer to make the vegetation have sufficient nutrition to survive on this site, which woudl easily cause environment pollution, while Barangaroo reserve uses most common material, sandstone, to create artificial soil that is suitable for the site to support the extensive plantings of native vegetation.
Non diverse landscape
High maintainance cost
PHOTOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE - Street Type by Matertal
Impervious surface
Existing surrounding streetscape
Earthen Roads Murrum roads Kankar roads Gravel roads
Bricks road
WBM Road
Timber Road
Asphalt Road Concrete roads
Biodiverse streetscape based on recycled meterial
Bluestone from the quarry could be used as one of the material to build the new community. During the construction, the construction and demolion waste, such as bricks, concrete, gravel are collecteded. Adding the green waste from surrounded residential areas, different recycled material could be used for new streetscape.
DESIGN SKETCH
Banksia robur Bio rentention trees
Acacia pendula Alkaline tolerant tree
Grevillea eriostachya Alkaline tolerant
Initial deisng only consider to use bricks, sand, and concrete to create artificial soil, and does not consider the edge and structure of the streets
Topsoil (20cm), recycled sand soil, balenced PH Subsoil (40cm)
Drainage layer, (20cm) small rubber, size <2cm Drainage layer, (20cm) large rubber, size >10cm
Recycled sand soil in sunken areas
Curb Bulbs in recycled concrete soil
Austrostipa nitida Drought
B1
MASTER PLAN
Recycled Gravel Road
192 12 191
Recycled Timber Road
11
13 10
A1
3
5
Recycled Goncrete Road
14 1
8
3
2
9
5
6 7
Recycled steel Road
A
4
1. Buildings 2. Backyard 3. Recycled Gravel Road 4. Recycled Steel Road 5. Recycled Bluestone Road 6. Recycled Brick Road 7. Recycled Brick Amphitheatre 8. Recycled Concrete Road
9. Recycled Concrete Structure 10. Recycled Timber Road 11. Recycled Timber Resting Platform 12. Contour Line (1m) 13. Gravel Reserve 14. Community Park
m Recycled bluestone Road
0
25
50
100
B
Recycled Brick Road
SECTION Bioswales Plants
AA1 Section
0
10
30
Recycled steel road
Ficini nodosa
m 50
Houses
Imperata Pennisetum cylindrica alopecuriodes
Raingarden plants
Alkaline tolerant plants
WSUD Trees
Baumea Carex Baloskion tetra rubiginosa appressa
Banksia robur
Lophostemon Melaleuca suaveolens viridiflora
Acacia pendula
Grevillea eriostachya
Pinus nigra
Eucalyptus Moon Lagoon
Houses Existing pond Recycled stone road
Community Recycled Brick Amphitheatre
Recycled Brick Road
Houses
Recycled Concrete Road Recycled stone road
Existing pond
Recycled Gravel Road
AA1 Section in 2030
0
10
30
Recycled steel road
m 50
Houses
Houses Existing pond Recycled stone road
Community Recycled Brick Amphitheatre
Recycled Brick Road
Houses
Recycled Concrete Road Recycled stone road
Existing pond
Recycled Gravel Road
Recycled steel and stone roads could be acted as water catchments, as they are close to existing ponds. The recycled gravel and stone road are all permeable surfaces, which could help rainwater to infiltrate underground and reduce the runoff. The wide recycled brick road could be used as a platform for people to relax and also be a planter for alkaline tolerant plants.
SECTION Alkaline tolerant plants
Acacia pendula
BB1 Section
0
10
30
Grevillea eriostachya
Pinus nigra
Gravel soil plants
Eucalyptus Moon Lagoon
Corymbia calophylla
m 50
Remnant woodland
Banksia grandis
Acacia saligna
Acacia alata
Isopogon dubius
Dryandra nivea
Gravel Reserve Recycled steel road
Houses
Recycled Concrete Road
Houses
Recycled Timber Road
Community Park
Recycled Gravel Road
Remnant woodland
BB1 Section in 2030
0
10
30
m 50
Remnant woodland
Gravel Reserve Recycled steel road
Houses
Recycled Concrete Road
Houses
Recycled Timber Road
Community Park
Recycled Gravel Road
Remnant woodland
Recycled concrete road uses recycled concrete structure to provide shade for people, especially in hot summer and the crushed concrete would be permeable surface to help water inflitrate compared to normal concrete road. The recycled timber road is a non driviable way, and could be used by bicyclist and walkers. The layered wooden platform would be suitable for people of different heights and ages to have a rest here. The gravel road apply different gravel size of planting area, therefore people would see many different plants group here.
LAYERS
Recycled Bluestone Road
Two way Road Relatively steep (close to the existing pond) Permeable surface Crushed bluestone around the eddy basin Water catchment Irregular edge
Recycled Steel Road
Two way Road Steepest (connect to the two recycle stone road) Permeable surface Steel to divide the steeping raingarden and slow the traffic Water catchment Irregular edge
Recycled Concrete Road
Two way Road Flat Recycled concrete structure for shading Permeable surface Climber, grass, moss Irregular edge
LAYERS
Recycled Bricks Road
Recycled Gravel Road
Two way Road Relatively steep Permeable surface Wide street (26m), connect to concrete amphitheatre Acted as Leisure park Geometric edge
Two way Road Low cost Flat Permeable surface Diverse plants group would grow on different gravel size Irregular edge
Recycled Timber Road
Two way Road Non drivable road Flat Relaxing platform and planter Curve edge
RECYCLED BLUESTONE ROAD
Infiltration
Infiltration Footpath
Eddy basin rfly
utte
d la
inte
st Au
a rali
a np
b dy
Infiltration Gutter
ver
Ho
Recycled stone road
Gutter
fly
s rali
ust
a da
e
m The
Footpath
Eddy basin Po
rd
illa
b a la
ieri
s
rmi
oifo
p Poa
es
oid cur
tum
nise Pen
a
e lop
RECYCLED STEEL ROAD
The 5cm height steel on the gravel road could lower the speed of cars, which could to some extent reduce the dust created by the gravel road when cars drive by. The steel could also be used to divide the steeping rain garden, as this road is the steepest on this site. The recycled gravel road cost less, and it would not affect the remnant woodland on the left.
STRUCTURE SHADES STRRET - RECYCLED CONCRETED ROAD
The recycled concrete road is designed in one of the most crowded areas, as it is stable and durable. The concrete structure could be used for shading, especially in the hot summer. The crushed concrete strip could offer space for alkaline drought plants to live, and the structure is also suitable for the climber. The crushed concrete footpath also provides space for moss to survive here.
RECYCLED BRICK ROAD
The recycled brick road is also a stable and durable material so it is located in a crowded place. The street is over 26m wide (6m for roadway, and 10m for one footpath), which means that the footpath would be acted as a small linear street park. The geometric platform could be used for relaxing and planter for alkaline drought plants. The brick column set in the entrance could limit vehicles to get in.
RECYCLED TIMBER ROAD
The recycled timber road are designed as non drivable road, which would be mainly used by cyclists and walkers. The wooden platform of different height would be suitable for people of differernt height and ages. The wooden column are made by different wood type. The text in the surface would tell people what they are and where are they come from to remain people to recycled waste and protect the environment.
REFERENCE Albert, C., & Von Haaren, C. (2017). Implications of applying the green infrastructure concept in landscape planning for ecosystem services in peri-urban areas: An expert survey and case study. Planning Practice & Research, 32(3), 227-242. Budiyantini, Y., & Pratiwi, V. (2016). Peri-urban typology of Bandung Metropolitan area. ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences, 227, 833-837. Buxton, M., Butt, A., Farrell, S., & Alvarez, A. (2011, November). Future of the fringe: Scenarios for Melbourne’s peri-urban growth. In Proceedings of the State of Australian Cities Conference, Melbourne. Edge Environment, P. L. (2012). Construction and Demolition Waste Guide—Recycling and Re-Use across the Supply Chain. Jamei, E., & Rajagopalan, P. (2017). Urban development and pedestrian thermal comfort in Melbourne. Solar Energy, 144, 681-698. Liu, Z., & Robinson, G. M. (2016). Residential development in the peri-urban fringe: The example of Adelaide, South Australia. Land Use Policy, 57, 179-192. McFarland, P. (2015). The Peri-urban land-use planning tangle: An Australian perspective. International Planning Studies, 20(3), 161-179. Nunes, R. T. S., Deletic, A., Wong, T. H. F., Prodanoff, J. H. A., & Freitas, M. A. V. (2011, September). Procedures for integrating Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) technologies into the site planning process: Criteria for streetscape scale applied in Melbourne Region-Australia. In 12nd International Conference on Urban Drainage, Porto Alegre/Brazil. Pickin, J., Wardle, C., O’Farrell, K., Nyunt, P., & Donovan, S. (2020). National Waste Report 2020. Blue Environment Pty Ltd.: Melbourne, Australia. Rehan, R. M. (2013). Sustainable streetscape as an effective tool in sustainable urban design. Hbrc Journal, 9(2), 173-186. Rigillo, M., Formato, E., & Russo, M. (2020). SHORT supply chain of waste flows: designing local networks for landscape regeneration. Detritus, 11, 35. Sharifi, E., & Lehmann, S. (2015). Correlation analysis of surface temperature of rooftops, streetscapes and urban heat island effect: Case study of central Sydney. Journal of Urban and Environmental engineering, 9(1), 3-11. Torquati, B., Giacchè, G., & Tempesta, T. (2020). Landscapes and Services in Peri-Urban Areas and Choice of Housing Location: An Application of Discrete Choice Experiments. Land, 9(10), 393. Wandl, A., & Magoni, M. (2017). Sustainable planning of peri-urban areas: introduction to the special issue.