2 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI
3 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI LEGEND 1. Worli Seaface 2. Venus Apartments 3. Sea Green Apartments 4. Neelkanth Apartments 5. Khan Abdul Gaffer Khan Road 6. Worli Hill Rd 7. Shastri Green Park 8. Sea Glimpse Apartments 9. Slum Cluster PRIMARY BUSTERTIARYSECONDARYROADSROADSROADSSTOPS HEAVY TRAFFIC ROADS LIGHT TRAFFIC ROADS PUBLIC PLACE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI 1 1143 7 1456 10 12 13 8 9 2 1 2 6543 7 11 8 12 9 13 10 14
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The tank seems to be literally framed and look like pictures framed in mosaic partitions. The exterior surface is cladded with marble tiles with timber railing preventing visitors from coming too close to the tanks. Display boards on top of each tank give information above contents of the tank. Ventilation of hall is by exhaust fans and there is consideration darkness in the hall so as to highlight the lighted tank interview.
PROS IN THE DESIGN
The existing structures are inclusive of aquarium & non aquarium activities
Quarantine room size is 6.3m x 4.5m .Before new fishes are transferred in a display area ,the arrived fishes are brought into a quarantine area, because fishes need time to adjust in water temperature and water tank.
CLIMATE Climate of Mumbai is tropical wet and dry described as moderately hot with high level of humidity. Its coastal nature and tropical location ensures temperatures won’t fluctuate much throughout the year.
Below the room containing pumps and compressors are two water reserve tank. The seawater reservoir is 3.3m by 14.0m by 4.5m while the fresh water reservoir 3.3m by 14m by 4.5m.The reservoirs receive water from the filtration plant and from here the water is pumped continuously to the respective overhead tanks directly above the pump room. From here it is conducted to the exhibition tanks by gravitation. The piping used here is HDP (high density polymer) type.
CONS IN THE DESIGN
The circulatory system adopted for changing water in the display tanks is closed system. The same water is used over and again for a period of 1 month. After which new supply is taken. This helps to maintain the ph and chlorine level in the water and is also less tedious.
Owner : City of Mumbai Architect : Ar. Sachin Sata Cost : 1951 @ 12,000 Number of specimen : 2000 Number of species : 400 Site Area : 4369.5 sqm Total Builtup area : 1301.63 sqm Location : Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Road, Marine Drive,
OverheadUndergroundReserviorstank
The foundations of the aquarium rests on reinforced concrete piles, mainly of which have been driven to 30ft. deep so that the building may be claimed to be earthquake proof. The building is three storied and 200(61ft) away from the sea wall. It is rectangular in form with it long axis running bearing structure and hence limiting the flexibility in future expansions.
1. Toilet Counter 2. Office 3. Circulation 4. Toilet 5. Water Purifier 6. Life Support System 7. Fresh water Aquarium 8. Marine Aquarium 9. Store Room 10. Kitchen/Canteen 11. Auditorium 12. Seawater Storage 13. Underwater Tunnel 1 Entry Exit 4 55 12 10 213351168 Building Plan with ancillary structures Saltwater ThoroughfareVisitorFreshwaterSaltwaterFreshwaterexhibitsexhibitsserviceareaserviceareacirculation 1. HVAC duct 2. Water inlets 3. Water outlets 4. Aquarium 5. Diffusers 6. Service area 7. Visitor area 123 4 5 577 6 6 6
5. Amphitheatre with 50 seats, screening documentaries on fish, marine ecosystems and environment conservation.
The mean average is 27.2oC and average percipitation is 242.2cm. the mean maximum average temperatures in about 32oC in summer and 30oC in winter. While the average minimums are 25oC in summer and 20.5oC in winter.
The tanks are illuminated by normal tube lights which are hung about 1’ to 1 1/2’ above the water level. The sloping roof above has glass skylight to admit natural light. The skylights were originally tinted pale blue (no longer) to prevent excessive growth of algae in the tanks. Settling Tank From sea Aquarium Filters
TARAPOREWALA AQUARIUM, MUMBAI LIVE CASESTUDY 02
Auditorium The auditorium has the capacity of 47 seats. Films are projected mainly for kids such as marine life and technology, animation movies. Quarantine Room
ILLUMINATION
Pump Pump WATER CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
RESERVES
1. The service passage has ordinary polished kotah tiles for flooring lacks non-skid floor finish.
3. Small fishes corals, worms; coelenterates are kept here in about 1-foot deep fish tanks, as these would be lost in large tanks. Also it has a display of shells, cones and other such items. These tanks are held in wooden partition 1m away from the wall for service purpose.
Annex Building Area =992.6 sqm Canteen inclusive of Accounts Dept =380 sqm Garage =43 sqm Total Area of Annex building =1415.6 sqm
6. Touch pool, where curious visitors can touch star fish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, and turtles.
Later Developements
EXHIBIT CATEGORIES
2. The entrance hall is utilized only as transition space from main section to miniature section and outside.
4. Oceanarium in the foyer with 22,000 l (5,800 US gal) water.
The site is connected with E. Pratt St. Road. The site can be approached from the inner Baltimore harbour also through boat. At the rear there is inner Baltimore bay. The water for the aquarium is brought up from this bay. The aquarium is built on flat terrain without any contours
Aquarium TaraporewalaActivitiesAquarium =2055.3 sqm Filter Tank =34.89 sqm Fish Food Shed =9.84 sqm Pump Shed =12.92 sqm Salt water settling tank =158.67 sqm
1. Fountain at the further end of hall combines utility with aesthetic as water spurted up enters duct connected with general fresh water circulatory system and is deprived of noxious gases.
There is only two categories of fishes and they are freshwater and saltwater. Saltwater exhibits occupies the outer ring and freshwater exhibits occupies the inner ring. Reaching the freshwater exhibit requires a thoroughfare through the visitor circulation area and can hence disrupt the visitor experience.
Area Study No. of visitors during working day = 2000 No. of visitors during Holiday = 3000 Area of the plot =4136.5 sqm Area occupied by garden =620.48 sqm Total Building Area =2895.6 sqm FSI permissible =1.33 Area permissible for construction =3860.7 sqm
6 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI SITE WATERBODIESCONNECTIVITYNEAR SITEBASICTOPOGRAPHYPROJECT DETAILS
2. Insufficient waiting area outside curator’s office.
The 2 storied building has an aquarium related offices on ground floor. First floor has an administration and research department. Second floor is occupied entirely by the library. Public circulation path for the aquarium is in inverted U- form with entry on the right side and exit on the left side. Service passage lines peripherally around the display tanks and remains visually and functionally independent.
The aquarium was closed down in 2013 and reopened in 2015 for refurbishments and makeover worth 22 crores. It included an added freshwater exhibibt and an underwater tunnel. It was a 180 degree tunnel with a 5ft diameter and a 7ft height. Building Interior
3. Conditioning room has ordinary polished kotah tiles for flooring
CIRCULATION
Parking There is no parking space for visitor in Aquarium. Only staff parking is available. People who are coming by car should park their car to nearby parking space which is away from aquarium.
GEOMETRY & STRUCTURE OF THE SubstructureBUILDING
WATERCONNECTIVITYBODIESNEAR
The site is connected with E. Pratt St. Road. The site can be approached from the inner Baltimore harbour also through boat. At the rear there is inner Baltimore bay. The water for the aquarium is brought up from this bay.
Owner : City of baltimore Architect : Peter Chermayeff at Cambridge Seven, Inc. Cost : 1979 @ 21.3 million Number of specimen : 17000 Number of species : 750 Location : 501 E Pratt St, Baltimore, United States
1. Blacktip Reef Originally, it was a marine mammal exhibit that had bottlenose dolphins from the Gulf of Mexico and beluga whales, but when Pier 4 opened, the animals were moved there. Subsequently, that area became an exhibit called Wings in the Water.
This large, 225,000-US-gallon (850,000 l), ring shaped exhibit originally called open ocean replicates the Deeper portions of the Atlantic coral reef.
SITE
CLIMATE Maryland is classified at being temperate of climate, which is predominantly determined as, in the northern hemisphere, being located between the tropic of cancer (23º 27’ north latitude) and the Arctic Circle (66º 33’ north latitude). Average annual temperature: 12.7 degrees. High temperatures occur in July, the warmest month, averaging in the mid to upper 80s. Low temperatures in January, the coldest month, average in the low to mid 20s. Average annual percipitation is 1035 mm. Peaks in July and August when thunderstorms average once every five days.
4. Upland Tropical Rain Forest, Hidden Life This level simulates the Amazon rainforest, and includes two elevated platforms for bird-watching and a cave of various glassenclosed displays of reptiles, amphibians, and terrestrial arthropods.
7. Dolphin Discovery This exhibit houses the aquarium’s six bottlenose dolphins. Guests can watch training, feeding, and play times with the dolphins and interact with dolphin experts.
8. Jellies Invasion: Oceans Out of Balance
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
SECTION VERTICAL CIRCULATION - the downstream Thew viewer is gradually taken up by providing smaller exhibits and then reaches the forest exhbit. Then they are brought down from terrestrial to ocean habitats similar to the natural ecosystem.
TOPOGRAPHY
This level features fish that possess adaptations that are needed to survive in their various environments. For example, the electric eel has the rare ability to shock its prey with electricity.
This level features animals that are native to Maryland. The four exhibits create the illusion that the viewer is traveling down a Maryland stream from its source in the Allegheny Mountains, to a tidal marsh, to a coastal beach, and finally ending at the Atlantic shelf.
3. Surviving Through Adaptation, Living Seashore
2. Maryland: Mountains to the Sea
The aquarium has used sophisticated theme exhibit areas as under:
5. Atlantic Coral Reef
EXHIBIT CATEGORIES
This large 335,000-US-gallon (1,270,000 l) exhibit replicates the Atlantic coral reef, and is filled with more than 500 exotic species that would be found anywhere from closer to shore to out into the trench and open ocean.
6. Shark Alley: Atlantic Predators
The aquarium is built on flat terrain without any contours
On entering the lobby area the visitor first encounters a water toy, transparent tubes of bubbling and gurgling blue water that screens the if shop beyond and deflects the incoming traffic away from the out bound circulation stream. As the visitor enters the main exhibit area, he then passes into the silence and the shadows of the underwater world; a soaring cavern crunched with balconies and docks and rises crossed by upreaching bridges. The flow of circulation is clear but it is not insistent. To prevent museum fatigue and to hold on to the spirits of the visitors the upward path progresses along an ABBA rhythm.
BASIC PROJECT DETAILS
7 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI NATIONAL AQUARIUM, BALTIMORE LITERATURE CASESTUDY 01 SITE
This temporary exhibit in the Pier 4 Pavilion building showcases nine different species of jellyfish, and also illustrates how these animals are important bioindicators.
FLOOR PLANS CIRCULATION
The interiors are also very dimly lit giving the exhibits more importance. Interiors surfaces also have exposed concrete finish in contrast to the reflective nature of water.
1. PIER 3 PAVILLION
2. PIER 4 PAVILLION
WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI BUILDING EVOLUTION
This building contains five levels or floors that are accessible via escalator and elevator except to guests with strollers. Guests with toddlers must carry them on their person. Each floor possesses several exhibits that communicate a main theme. This building also houses two large tanks, one of which simulates an Atlantic coral reef, and one of which simulates the open ocean.
FILTERATION
The building has seen several upgrades throughout the time. What started with a single building in 1981 has now become three. Each one holding unique exhibits to cater the 1.5 million visitors per year.
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The National Aquarium has closed filteration systems. These are systems in which exhibit water is recirculated through filters and reused. Because Baltimore Harbour has low salinity (less than 1/4-1/5 that of regular sea water) and pollutants which make it unsuitable for aquarium use, the aquarium makes its own sea water using Baltimore City fresh water mixed with special blend of salts.
Pool detailsection
EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC By providing outdoor educational and social spaces for visitors and the public, the plan simultaneously improves the local ecology, creates a campus identity, strengthens connectivity, and extends the Aquarium’s growing conservation work in the region.
WATER TREATMENT
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This smaller building, opened in 1990, features the marine mammal exhibit, which is home to Atlantic bottlenose dolphins in a 1,300,000-USgallon (4,900,000 l) facility.[1] It also holds a temporary exhibit on assorted jellyfish called “Jellies Invasion: Oceans Out of Balance”.
The building itself is a heavy and boxy concrete form, rather Brutalist in style but lightened by the glass pyramid on its roof, by a smaller glass pyramid at its entrance, and by colored panels on the side. It is a building of more energy than grace.
NATIONAL AQUARIUM, BALTIMORE LITERATURE CASESTUDY 01
GEOMETRY STRUCTURE&OF THE BUILDING
The National Aquarium sought out Studio Gang to help them update the aquarium model for the future. The Strategic Master Plan identifies opportunities for sustainable growth, improves the visitor experience, and reinforces the organization’s commitment to conservation and education at every scale. At the urban scale, the plan suggests connecting the Aquarium’s current facilities, separated by a former ship slip in Baltimore’s Inner Harbor, with an urban wetland.
Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.
NATIONAL AQUARIUM STRATEGIC MASTER PLAN INTERIORS
3. AUSTRALIA : WILD EXTREMES Like the Upland Tropical Rain Forest exhibit, this exhibit is structured like a large walk-in aviary, and allows many of the flying animals to roam freely throughout the exhibit. The exhibit represents a river gorge in Australia, and contains many pools in which Australian aquatic life can be found. It is designed to show the wild extremes faced by this particular part
The exhibits at the National Aquarium display animals that live in fresh, brackish, and salt water. The Aquarium is not located close to a suitable source of any one of these types of water and therefore uses Baltimore City tap water. Tap water is filtered to remove chlorine and other substances that are harmful to aquatic organisms. This water is then used directly in freshwater exhibits such as the Allegheny Stream exhibit and the Shocking exhibit.
Owner : State Architect : Peter Chermayeff at Cambridge Seven, Inc. Cost : 1969 @ 150 million Number of specimen : 15000 Number of species : 600 Location : Central Wharf, Boston
Leading through these exhibits the circulation pattern is basically the LeCorbusier museum scheme of a rectangular spiral of narrow ramps on the perimeter of a rectangular plan for traffic moving upward. The ramps minimize the distance of the viewer from exhibits as they ascend the four levels past the tanks in the four main exhibit galleries — tropical marine life, temperate marine life, fresh water marine life, and cold water marine life. From the top level, traffic descends via a spiral ramp surrounding the central Giant Ocean Tank. This one way circulation route speeds overflow crowds on weekends. It is like putting the Guggenheim spiral inside the Corbu scheme and filling the center space of the Guggenheim with water.
- PETER CHERMAYRFF CIRCULATION
GIANT OCEAN TANK
The Giant Ocean Tank is precast concrete columns tied together by compression rings to support the outward pressure of 23 feet of water. The glass used for display are 54 inches wide by 74 inches high. The glass at the bottom is up to 3 3/4 inches thick (4 laminations) and withstands approximately 15 tons of outward pressure.
SITE
CONTEXT Set on Central Wharf, the New England Aquarium was to focus on a pedestrian oriented waterfront plan to meet the overall urban design of the Boston Redevelopment Authority. Program requirements: An exhibit building that would: (a) contain and organize a wide variety of living and museum exhibits in a close relationship to each other; (b) accomodate both a moderate flow of visitors on weekdays and overflow crowds on weekends; (c) exploit the waterfront site and relate the aquarium to the urban plan of the Boston Redevelopment Authority-”3.
The New England Aquarium is on the Central Wharf along Atlantic Avenue on the waterfront in downtown Boston and adjacent to Long Wharf and the Rose Kennedy Greenway. The Boston Harborwalk goes around the perimeter of the aquarium. The nearest subway stop is Aquarium Station on the MBTA’s Blue Line, but the aquarium is also a short walk from the Haymarket Station on the Orange and the Green Lines. The aquarium is within walking distance of the North End, Government Center, and the Financial District. The aquarium is built on flat terrain without any contours.
AN AQUASEUM “This is a new kind of institution, really more an Aquatic Museum than an Aquarium. Perhaps it is obvious, the moment one thinks about it, for museums and zoos to get together, but to my knowledge they have never been combined at a decent scale or with adequate emphasis. On the one hand most aquariums (and zoos) fail to develop their educational function adequately. Since live animals are inherently entertaining o:f fascinating by themselves, zoos and aquariums attempt little more than to identify the animals and the part of the world they come from. This is a terrible waste of an natural history museums do develop these subjects, since they take their educational functions seriously, but opportunity. The visitor’s latent curiosity about an animal’s habitat and anatomy and behavior, and its relationship to other animals and to man should be exploited. On the other hand, they manage, with few exceptions, to be dry, static, and relatively dull. They fail, for example, to display live animals in any substantial and integrated way. The communication potential of a complementarity of so-called live exhibits and museum exhibits is what this building is all about.”
CASE STUDY 02
9 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI NEW ENGLAND AQUARIUM, BOSTON LITERATURE CASESTUDY 02
CONSTRUCTIONBUILDING
BASICTOPOGRAPHYCONNECTIVITYPROJECTDETAILS
CLIMATE Maryland is classified at being temperate of climate, which is predominantly determined as, in the northern hemisphere, being located between the tropic of cancer (23º 27’ north latitude) and the Arctic Circle (66º 33’ north latitude). Average annual temperature: 55.1 degrees Fahrenheit. High temperatures occur in July, the warmest month, averaging in the mid to upper 80s. Low temperatures in January, the coldest month, average in the low to mid 20s. Average annual percipitation is 40.76 inches. Peaks in July and August when thunderstorms average once every five days.
Poured concrete, left exposed inside and out. The exterior bird cage on the roof terrace is a concrete frame with steel wires tensioned in one direction.
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The interior proves to be quite an experience- The visitor is surrounded by fishtanks on all levels, daylight is excluded and artificial light comes from within the tanks. The dark and mysterious environment creates “an underwater world pulsing with life of strange and fascinating, colorful and rich variety.
1. The Thinking Gallery Also known as the Temperate Gallery, featuring Goliath grouper, ancient fishes, rare sea dragons, coastal environments, and thousands of schooling fish.
3. The Edge of the Sea tide pool Visitors are allowed to touch New England tide pool animals including sea stars, sea urchins, snails, hermit crabs, and horseshoe crabs.
WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI WATER SYSTEMS
RHYTHM OF EXHIBITS
NEW ENGLAND AQUARIUM, BOSTON LITERATURE CASESTUDY 02
4. The Northern Waters of the World Gallery focuses on New England marine habitats compared to Pacific Northwest habitats. The gallery features shorebirds, colored lobsters, goosefish, Octopus, and countless other invertebrates.
6. The Blue Planet Action Center presents the challenges the oceans are facing and shows the Aquarium’s role in the search for solutions. It also features the life cycles of sharks and lobsters.
Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.
7. The Yawkey Coral Reef Center magnifies some of the smaller creatures in the Caribbean environments. The Reef features batfishes, heterocongrinae, and Diadema antillarum.
Scale ABAB detailofLevel
EXHIBIT CATEGORIES
5. The Tropical Gallery features many colorful tropical fish, cuttlefish, venomous fish including Pterois, scorpionfish, and living corals.
THE APPROACH The signature feature of that groundbreaking design is the circular descent around the window-wrapped central tank, with continuous diver’s-eye views into the aquatic world. In repairing the concrete tank, we were able to increase the windows’ size, eliminate a lower barrier and improve sight lines. Access to the top of the tank has been improved and a full glass railing around the tank’s perimeter provides all visitors with easy views down into the tank. New presentation platforms, lighting and graphics augment the immersive educational experience.
The salt water system of the Aquarium draws sea water through either of two 14-in. intake pipes from a point in Boston Harbor 200 feet beyond the end of the wharf. One of the intake pipes is filled with fresh water to prevent growth of marine organisms; the two intakes will be alternated regularly.
BUILDING INTERIOR
2. The Freshwater Gallery focuses on freshwater habitats in South America compared to New England river systems. This gallery features Piranha, anacondas, electric eels, and Atlantic salmon.
Small and detailed exhibits with the large and undetailed main space. These alternations produce an intricate ABABABrhythm. A is the exposure to the main space (with large-scaled, undemanding, simple exhibits) and B is exposure to the alcoved galleries (with smaller-scaled, demanding, detailed exhibits). Whereas A’s purpose is environmental or mood setting, B’s purpose is to provide content that can exploredbe in depth. Neither one works independently without the alternating intervention of the other.
Improving on the original: applying Universal Design to enhance everyone’s aquarium experience. The project that set the standard for modern aquarium design was in need of repair and an update. As the original architect 40 years prior, we were eager to apply the design innovations that our new aquarium designs employ, especially in the areas of accessibility and interactive visitor experience.
The flow is unidirectional. Users are also drawn vertically up and down by the use of large ramps and moving walkways. The flow is unidirectional. Traffic go up through peripheral ramps watching exhibits and comes down through a spiral ramp around the giant ocean tank.
Concrete structure, space frames, green house Exposed Concrete Bricks load bearing structure Concrete grids, Tensile roofing
Structural
Ticket CounterTicket Counter EntryExitCanteenAtrium Ticket Counter EntryExitCanteenAtrium Ticket Counter EntryExitCanteenAtrium
There are some LED lights for the visitors. But overall the area is dark and exhibits take over. Very well lit in most of the areas except for the deep ocean section. Daylight filters in through the tensile roof.
EntryExitCanteenAtrium
Two types of exhibit categories, Saltwater and Freshwater. Exhibits are classified on the basis of habitats found all over the world. It include rainforest, gorge, mangroves and deep ocean.
11 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI Quality Aspect Case study NationalBaltimoreAquarium, New EnglandBostonAquarium, TaraporewalaMumbaiAquarium, VGP MarineChennaiKingdom, Context Location City of Baltimore, United States Boston, United States Marine Drive, Mumbai Chennai, Tamil Nadu Ownership State Private State Private Context located on a pier Located on a wharf Located near Arabian Sea Located near Bay of Bengal Building Area 23000 sqm 7000 sqm 2271 9000 sqm Year opened 1981 1969 1951 2019 Area TotalServicesRecreationCirculationExhibitionDistributionspacewatercapacity 2.2 million gallon 250,000 gallon 22000 gallon NA Capacity of largest tank 1.3 million gallon 200,000 gallon 5800 gallon 2 million gallon Species variety 750 species 600 species 200 species 400 species Functional Exhibit Categorisation
The flow is multidirectional. There is no prescribed path or direction for the traffic. The flow is unidirectional. Prescribed path for cricylation. Static viewing experience.
There are no variation in tank sizes observable for the visitors. Vairation has been brought in the size and color of fishes in each tank. No regular observable pattern for the exhibits. Varying from completely random and same size at different areas. Proximity Chart Entrance & Exit Visitor gets back down to the same lobby where they started. Exit doors are diiferent from entry doors. Entry and exit doors are the same. Partitions are used to regulate the flow. Same entry & exits. Not defined. Creates traffic at the doors. Seperate entrance and exits at different portions of the building. Exits have cafeterias & giftshops in priority. Parking Has ample parking 50m away from building entrance. There is no parking for the building. Parking is done in nearby paid garage facility. No parking for visitors in the site. Ample parking is provided in site for four wheelers and two wheelers.
Spatial Design Basis Circulation is the major design aspect of the building. Circulation dictates the design and form of the building. Square plan. Five storeys. Provides viewing of an exhibit in different angles. Exhibits along the outer edge and ocean tank in the centre. Basic rectangular plan. Building design is not reflective of the components inside. More towards a theme park experience.
Both natural sounds of water and artificial sounds are used to set the mood for different exhibits. Sound effects can simulate certain environments. Both natural sounds of water and artificial sounds are used to set the mood for different exhibits. Sound effects can simulate certain environments. No auditory experience Sound effects are used throughout to create mood.
&CirculationNavigation
Structural skeleton
Universal Design Narrow ramps runs throughout the building. Creates an inclusive and uninterupteed experience for the visitors. Narrow ramps runs throughout the building. Creates an inclusive and uninterupteed experience for the visitors. Only one floor. Entrance has ramps and there are no level differences inside. Has different levels and stairs are used to move vertically. Lifts are also provided. Not an impressive approach for an aquarium. Landscaping Landscaped area with pavings have been provided infront of the building. Wave like pavings direct users to the building. They occupy an area of 62000 sqft. 6500 sqft of native plantings are also present. As an added benefit,native birds & insects, rarely seen in urban settings have been observed nesting among the native plants on the pier. Used to have public plaza with water features. But was removed in later expansions. Currently there are only counters and entire area is paved. No plantings.
Archtiectural Style Modernist approach. The building is mainly concrete, steel and glass very much indicative of the era it was built. Brutalist architecture style. Bold boxy concrete form. Mumbai Art Deco style. The building has big reliefs of sea creatures on the facade charactristic of this style. Contemporary style. Usage of more advanced technologies and materials. Materiality & finishes Exposed Concrete, Glass, Steel Poured concrete inside out finish Pale yellow paint with colorful reliefs. White painted finish Lighting No special lighting for the visitors. Entire aquairum is lit from the lights from the aquarium and hence the circulation area is dimly lit and the water dominates. Has provided even dark pools for some creatures that require darkness for their survival. No special lighting for the visitors. Entire aquairum is lit from the lights from the aquarium. Water also create caustic effects on the building.
Sequence of Display There are not much of small tanks. All tanks are comparitively large and they have an A-BB-ABB, and a large tank and two small tanks go within the grid. There are different sequences. For most of the tanks it is A-B-C-A-A and for the childrens tank it is A-B-A-B arrangement.
Services Water System Closed water system Closed water system Closed water system Closed water system Filteration System Uses synthetic salt besides being on the shore side because the salinity of the water is too low. It mixes salt in the tap water since the hrbour is polluted. The aquarium discharges water into the sea once in a month under careful supervisions. Uses sea water filters and directly uses it in the aquarium. Filters the salt for the freshwater tanks.
CASESTUDY INFERENCES LIVE CASESTUDY 02
Exhibits are classified on the basis of habitats and more emphasis is given to the surrounding habitats of the region. There are no much classification for the exhibits. Giant Ocean Tank inhabits majority of organisms and is the centre of attraction. Other tanks are dolphin pools and small tanks.
Sensory Visual Unexpected encounters with other organisms, other visual effects like waves, bubbles, caustics are used in advantage to create an active visual experience. Dynamic visual experience is created. A single exhibit is allowed to be viewed at different angles which gives the viewer a more complete immersive experience.
Auditory
The building bounds and site were tight and hence there are no landscaped features. Can get crowded during the busy hours. The front in hardscaped and has a few plantings. An active water feature is situated in the middle with their mascot sculpture on the side. Acts more like a theme park experience. Wave like paving as seen in Baltimore has been integrated.
Olfactory Cafes provide oppurtunities to experience the sense Cafes provide oppurtunities to experience the sense Cafes provide oppurtunities to experience the sense Cafes provide oppurtunities to experience the sense Touch Touch Pools provide oppurtunities to touch and feel the creatures. Touch Pools provide oppurtunities to touch and feel the creatures. No such touch pool experience. Touch Pools provide oppurtunities to touch and feel the creatures.
Only allows for a passive experience for the visitors. The viewer can’t fully immerse in the experience and the experience is broken and each exhibit seems fragmented. Partial active experience is observed in the deep sea region. Wide acrylic openings and acrylic tunnel creates the effect.
Emotional Users create an emotional connection with the animals. Children’s Cove creates unforgettable experiences for children. Proper lighting and large tanks provides emotional connection with animals. No emotional connection established. No emotional connection established.
• Tanks must be constructed independent of the foundation structure.
• The facility shall take advantage of the sound of falling water in the Main Exhibit Gallery and from tank filters.
• Floor drains must be provided in all spaces for accidental flooding and spillage.
• Ramps shall be used exclusively throughout the facility, with a slope no greater than 1 in 12.
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All the activities were listed and categorised into primary and secondary activities. Primary activities include Recreation, Administration, Education, Maintenance, Research, Retail, Transportation and Information.
Plumbing
Heating & Cooling
• Special considerations must be given to the foundation and its structure to provide support for the extreme weight of water filled tanks.
The forces which must then be dealt with in the design of any tank of water are horizontal loading, inertial forces, unequal hydrostatic forces, and lateral displacements. Concrete reinforced with steel and protected with nontoxic sealants Are generally recommended for extremely large tanks since these materials are easily maintained and reliable. Filtration A semi closed water system can be implemented by directly taking water from the sea filtering it and storing in the reservoirs. Salt can be filtered to be used in the freshwater systems. Temperature variations should also be considered during filteration and supply.
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Sitework
• Must be transitional from outdoor to the entrance lobby to the main exhibit gallery and then into the specific exhibit galleries. Must then be transitional from the last exhibit gallery back into the public areas and finally outdoors.
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1 755
• Must not be impaired or damaged by water from flooding or spillage or sea.
Aeration Outside filters increase oxygen supply as the water de filters increase oxygen supply as the water is stirred up when pumped back or spilled over into the tank. Undergravel filters operate with air pumped into tubes which create rising columns of air and water. The main consideration in proper aeration is to use air pumps large enough to pump enough oxygen as deep as any of the tanks might be. A rough estimate would be 150 cubic feet per minute capacity against a maximum head water pressure of 10 feet.
• Must have a longevity of at least 30—40 years.
• Will keep the facility between 68 and 78 degrees F year round.
of
20
of the
50% of restaurant total area F.2.2 Kitchen 1 1-3 using 40.8 40.8 30% of restaurant total area F.2.3 Wash area 1 1-3 using 13.4 13.4 10% of restaurant total area F.2.4 Storage 1 1-3 using 13.4 13.4 10% of restaurant total area F.3 Retail manager’s office 1 20 20 20 F.4 Storage 1 using 20 20 Subtotal 274.4 G.1TransportationTruck dock/Loading ramp 1 trucks1-5 1 336 336 upto 336 per truck G.2 Vertical Transportation 1 200 200 G.3 Fire Escape 1 200 200 G.4 Service entrance 1 5 2 10 10 Subtotal 746 H.1InformationAdmission/Information desk 1 3 5 15 15 H.2 Public restrooms 1 10m, 10w 20 100 100 H.3 Entrance lobby 1 50 10 500 500 H.4 Ticket Counter 1 3 15 45 9 45 Subtotal 660 Indian Ocean *t has tanks MangrovesIndian waterOutdoorgardenEducationTropicalwatersFresh Aqua Museum Oceanarium will mainly have three habitats found all around India, Indian Ocean, Freshwaters and brackish water. It will also have an aqua museum and educational and research facilities. It will also have an outdoor water garden landscape. Recreation Administration Education Maintenance Research Retail Transportation Information Total Water Volume :16,82,520 gal 12,06,00056,50017,5001,00,0002,01,0001,00,000650650220*t *t *t Total Revenue producing Area (in sqm) : 2008.8 sqm Total Non Revenue producing Area(in sqm) : 7241.01 sqm Total Parking area : 4745.62 sqm Total Area(in sqm) : 13,995 sqm PARKING REQUIREMENTS Total people at a time = 110 No. of four wheeler parking req.d = 110 No. of disable friendly parking req.d = 5 Area required for car parking = 115 x 30.658 = 3515.32 sqm Area required for two wheeler parking = 3515.3 / 4 878.8 sqm Area required for cycle parking = 3515.3 / 10 351.5 sqm Total area dedicated to parking = 4745.62 sqm 45% 3%B6%C 22% 6%E3% 8%G 7%H SALES Indoor Outdoor Service • Permanent • Temporary • Dining • Walking • Meditation Organising • Staffing • PR • City relations • Accounting Visual • Hearing • Olfactory • Taste • Library Exhibit tanks • Backup tanks • Building • Grounds Study • Exploration • Examination Receiving • Storage • Cooking • Dining • Display • Purchase Cars • motorcycle • Bus • Cycle • Pedestrians Admission • Direction • Enquiry GENERAL CONSIDERATIONSDESIGNAQUARIUMDESIGN CONSIDERATIONS Major considerations are taken for the proper functioning of the tanks and the health of its inhabitants, They include: DESIGN BRIEF WORLI OCEANARIUM
12 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI TANK REQUIREMENTS PER IndianSPACEOcean 6,00,000 gallon for Giant ocean tank 2,00,000 gallon for Deep sea predators 4,00,000 gallon for Tropical Reef Fishes 3,000 gallon for Jellyfishes 1,500 gallon for Crustaceans and Oysters 1,500 gallon for Seahorses Tropical Freshwaters 3,000 gallon for Cichlid varieties 3,000 gallon for Carp varieties 10,000 gallon for Indian Exotics 10,000 gallon for Gars, Sturgeons, 10,000 gallon for Catfish & Scavengers 10,000 gallon for Schooling fishes 3,000 gallon for Tropical Coldwater fishes 3,000 gallon for Freshwater Eels 1,500 gallon for Clams & Mussels 3,000 gallon for Turtle Pool 3,000 gallon for Touch Pool Indian Mangroves 10,000 gallon for brackish water fishes 3,000 gallon for Groupers 3,000 gallon for Shrimps & Crabs 1,500 gallon for Touch Pool Outdoor Aquatic Landscape Exhibits 1,00,000 gallon outdoor ponds Water Storage/Filteration Room 2,00,000 gallon freshwater reservoir tank 10,000 gallon saltwater reservoir tank Pathogenic Laboratory Quarantine/treatment tanks 2x100 gallon tanks 5x60 gallon tanks 5x30 gallon tanks Ecological Laboratory Experimental tanks 2x100 gallon tanks 5x60 gallon tanks 5x30 gallon tanks Life Support Laboratory Hatchery2x100 gallon tanks 5x60 gallon tanks 5x30 gallon tanks Service Entrance Receiving tanks 1x100 gallon tanks 2x60 gallon tanks EXHIBIT GALLERIES TANK SIZES & SQUARE FOOTAGES DETAILED SPACE LIST PROJECT DETAILS No. of visitors a day - 3000 No. of visitors inside at a time - 100 No. of visitors outside at a time - 100 No. of staffs - 30 Average time spent inside - 2 hours Working Hours - 9AM to 8PM Working Days - 365 days
11.3 cu.m / 3 = 3.76 sq.m Standard Size Tanks -A 10,000 gallons x 0.003785 = 37.8 cu.m 37.8 cu.m / 3 12.61 sq.m Standard Size Tanks -B 3,000 gallons x 0.003785 = 11.3 cu.m 11.3 cu.m / 3 = 3.76 sq.m Standard Size Tanks -C 1,500 gallons x 0.003785 = 5.67 cu.m 5.67 cu.m / 1.5 3.78 sq.m Service Tanks 100 gallons x 0.003785 = 0.37 cu.m 0.37 cu.m / 1 = 0.37 sq.m 60 gallons x 0.003785 = 0.22 cu.m 0.22 cu.m / 1 = 0.22 sq.m 30 gallons x 0.003785 = 0.11 cu.m 0.11 cu.m / 1 = 0.11 sq.m Sl No. Space Quantity No. activitydoingPeopleofthe personreq.Sq.m.per m.spaceroducingRevenuesq.req. RevenueNon req.sq.m.Total Remarks A.1RecreationIndian Ocean 1 100 5 200 1146.72 1346.72 A.2 Tropical Freshwaters 1 5 100 76.78 176.78 A.3 Tropical Habitat 1 5 50 1000 1050 A.4 Indian Mangroves 1 5 75 23.91 98.91 A.5 Mangrove Habitat 1 5 50 1000 1050 A.6 Aqua Museum 1 2 30 400 430 Subtotal 4152.41 B.1AdministrationDirector’s office 1 1 20 20 20 B.2 General Manager’s office 1 1 15 15 15 B.3 Secretary/Receptionist 1 4 10 40 40 B.4 Conference Room 1 15 2.3 35 35 B.5 Chief engineer’s office 1 1 20 20 20 B.6 Assistant engineer’s office 1 1 20 20 20 B.7 Public relations office 1 1 20 20 20 B.8 Staff toilet (Male) 1 10 5 50 50 1WC+2Washbasins+2Urinals B.9 Staff toilet (Ladies) 1 10 5 50 50 2WC+2Washbasins B.10 Storage Room 1 1 40 40 40 Subtotal 310 C.1EducationLibrary 1 50 5 250 250 C.2 Staff room 1 2 20 40 40 C.3 Librarian office 1 1 15 15 15 C.4 Lecture Room 2 50 0.75 75 75 C.5 Seminar room 2 50 1.67 167 167 Subtotal 547 D.1MaintenanceAquarist engineer’s office 1 1 30 30 30 D.2 Marine Biologist office 1 1 30 30 30 D.3 Water storage/Filteration room 1 1-3 using 40 755 10% of total area of the building D.4 Control Room 1 1-3
Tank
office 1 1 100 100 100
Lighting
Equipment storage
• Mechanical sounds, including those from the HVAC to pumps and filter motors, must be properly masked through either materials, location, or desirable sounds.
• Will consider passive solar design where possible by utilizing sun and wind for HVAC purposes.
Lighting Another factor for consideration in proper tank display is the aspect of lighting. LEDs can be used to light normal tanks. Halides can be used to light turtle pools since they require more warmth. Reef tanks should be lit with full spectrum lights.
ACTIVITIES
• Extreme care shall be exercised to preserve the exisiting vegetation for both indoor and outdoor uses. Foundations & Structural
1
Water The distinction of fishes is dependent on two properties of water - whether salt or fresh and whether hot or cold.
20 20 20
• No area or space shall be more than 200 ft. from an exit for fire safety reasons.
40 40 40
• Exhibit area lighting will portray the mood of the underwater environment. Careful consideration must be given to the location of each fixture so as to provide maximum viewing of the exhibits without glare or distraction. Acoustical
Electrical • Consideration must be given to possible flooding with respect to the location of all electrical lines.
Mechanical rooms
Conveying Systems
Outdoor Pond 1,00,000 gallons x 0.003785 = 378.5 cu.m 378.5 cu.m / 0.9 = 420.5 sq.m Giant Ocean Tank 6,00,000 gallons x 0.003785 = 2,271 cu.m 2,271 cu.m / 4 = 567.7 sq.m Deep sea predators Tank 2,00,000 gallons x 0.003785 = 757 cu.m 757 cu.m / 4 189.2 sq.m Reef Tank 4,00,000 gallons x 0.003785 = 1514 cu.m 1514 cu.m / 4 = 378.5 sq.m Jellyfish Tank 3,000 gallons x 0.003785 = 11.3 cu.m using 40 40 40 D.5 Food area 1 1-3 using 20 20 D.6 Freezer 1 100 D.7 maintenance/ room 1 1-5 using D.8 Groundskeeper’s D.9 Janitor’s office using6@1 D.10 Locker & changing room 1 1-5 using 50 D.11 1 10% total area building D.12 Maintenance equipement storage room 1 using4@1 50 50 D.13 CCTV Room 1 1-3 using 30 30 30 Subtotal 2020 E.1ResearchPathogenic laboratory 2 1-3 using 40 80 80 E.2 Breeding tanks 4 1-3 using 50 100 100 E.3 Quarantine tanks 4 1-3 using 240 240 240 E.4 Life support laboratory 2 1-3 using 40 80 80 E.4 Storage 1 1-3 using 40 40 40 Subtotal 540 F.1Retail Souveneir shop 1 10 10 100 100 F.2 Restaurant F.2.1 Seating area 1 40 1.67 66.8 66.8
preparation
• At least two drinking fountains shall be provided within the facility.
Tank Structures
Exits
50
13 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI
14 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM MUMBAI 1. MAIN ENTRY 2. BANQUET HALL ENTRANCE 3. BANQUET HALL PARKING 4. AQUARIUM ENTRANCE 5. OPEN AIR THEATRE 6. THEATRE VIP PARKING 7. FILTERATION ROOM 8. SERVICE ENTRY 9. 11.10.PARKHABITATPEDESTRAIN ENTRY FROM NORTH 12. WAY TO BASEMENT 13. LEARNING CENTER ENTRANCE 14. KIDS PARK 15. KIDS PLAY AREA 16. FLOWERING AVENUE 17. RADIATING BRIDGE 18. PLAZA SEATINGS 19. TOILET & AMENITIES 20. WATERBODY 21. CYCLE PARKING 22. THICK LANDSCAPE 23. EXIT 24. SECURITY CABIN LEGEND SCALE 1:400 SITE PLAN 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1718 23 24 19 20 21 22 SITE PLANNING WORLI OCEANARIUM
15 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI MAIN PEDESTRAINSEAWATERUNDERGROUNDFILTERATIONSTORMRAINSEPTICUNDERGROUNDSERVICESTPDGTREATEDSEWAGEFIREFIREPVTREATEDFIREWATERNATURALENTRY/EXITDRAINAGERETENTIONPONDSCOLLECTIONPOINTSWATERSUMPTANKPANELAREAESCAPESTAIRENGINEACCESSIBLEPATHLINEWATERLINEPANELROOMENTRYELECTRICLINETANKWATERSUMPTANKWATERDRAINSROOMSEAWATERLINESETTLINGTANKENTRY LEGEND
16 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI SITE RENDERS WORLI OCEANARIUM Night Shot Wide Water & building The dynamic lights at night Bridge during day View of buildinf from entry Flowering avenue Plaza & building
17 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI
18 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI Deep Sea exhibits Glass tunnel MangroveServiceexhibitareaExit Tank WAY IN & OUT -4.00 +8.60+4.60+0.60 Reef exhibitIndian Ocean Indianexhibit Ocean exhibit maintenance level Ocean maintenanceexhibitlevelService access Reef levelmaintenanceexhibit exhibitJellyfish Jellyfish levelmaintenanceexhibit Kelp tank Aqua garden Service area ServicestunnelChildren’s Parking wheelers4 Parking wheelers2 Services Stair TouchexhibitpoolsStairserviceexhibitlevel Research & maintenance River exhibit CourtyardTropicalMain entry SECOND FLOOR PLAN
20 21 Thesis submitted by Jithin Krishna H. B17ARB20, S10 -B, B.Arch for the requirements for the partial fulfillment of B.Arch degree from Kerala Technological University for the year 2021-2022.WORLI OCEANARIUM , MUMBAI INTERIORS WORLI OCEANARIUM Ocean Exhibit from GF Glimpse from the corridor Indian Ocean Exhibit Jellyfish exhibit Reef exhibit Layered spaces in the atrium Stairs
