Bibliography and Figures

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Borasi, Giovanna. A Section of Now: Social Norms and Rituals as Sites for Architectural Intervention. Spector Books OHG, Leipzig, Germany, 2021

Burridge, Frank. Jacques Ranciere: The Time of Landscape. Log. no. 49 (2021): 57-62. Anyone Corporation, 2020

Corboz, Andre. The Landscape as Palimpsest. Diogenes vol.31 no.121 (1983): 12-34. International Council for Philosophy and Human Sciences, 1983.

Cowherd, Robert. “Notes on Post-Criticality: Towards an Architecture of Reflexive Modernisation,” Footprint 4 (January 2009): 65-76.

Daston, Lorraine. Galison, Peter. Objectivity. New York, NY: Zone Books, 2010.

Giedion, Siegfried. Mechanization Takes Command. New York: Oxford University Press, 1948.

Halpern, Orit. Beautiful Data: A History of Vision and Reason since 1945. Durham: Duke University Press, 2015

Harley, JB. Deconstructing the Map. CARTOGRAPHICA Vol. 26 No. 2 (1989): 1-20. University of Toronto Press, 1989.

Instagram. Data Policy. Instagram Help Center (2021). Instagram from Meta, 2021.

Jacobs M, Harvey. “Claiming the Site: Ever Evolving SocialLegal Conceptions of Ownership and Property”. Burns J., Carol. Kahn, Andrea. Site Matters: Strategies for Uncertainty Through Planning and Design. no. 14-25, New York: Routledge, 2021.

Jarzombek, Mark. Digital Stockholm Syndrome in the Post Ontological Age. University of Minnesota Press, 2014. Joseph, Branden W. “‘A Duplication Containing Duplications’: Robert Rauschenberg’s Split Screens.” October 95 (2001): 3–27. http://www.jstor.org/stable/779198.

Kenneth Frampton, “Rappel a L’orde: The Case of the Tectonic,” Architectural Digest 60, no. 3-4 (April 1990): 20-32.

Knoroz, Tatiana. Devicology. Log, no. 51 2021: 37-50. Anyone Corporation, 2021.

Koolhaas, Rem. Delirious New York. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1978

Krall, Lisa. Thomas Jeffersons Agrarian Vision and the Changing Nature of Property. Taylor & Francis, 2002.

Kuo, Max. The Advance of the Digital Frenemy. Log, no. 51 2021: 99-111. Anyone Corporation, 2021.

Lacaton Anne, Vassal Jean-Philippe, Freedom of Use. Guest Lecturer, Harvard Graduate School of Design, March 25, 2015.

Mario Carpo, “The Second Digital Turn,” in The Second Digital Turn: Design Beyond Intelligence (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2017), 40-68.

May, John. Signal Image Architecture: Everything Is Already an Image. New York, NY: Columbia books on architecture and the City, 2019.

Peters, E. William. Ohio Lands and Their Subdivision. Athens, Ohio: The Messenger Printery Co. 1918.

Scott, James C. Seeing like the State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998.

Shapiro, Ann-Louise. Housing Reform in Paris: Social Space and Social Control. Duke, Duke University Press, 1982

Figure 01: Seeminly Random Statistics. Image accessed April, 21, 2022

Figure 02 (Top Right): Black Causus Dance. by Co-op City, 1970. Image accessed April 17th, 2022.

Figure 03 (Direct Right): Array of surfaces from Manhattan, New York. Accessed April 9th, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 04 (Top Right): Co-op Peace Committee. by Co-op City, 1970. Image accessed April 17th, 2022.

Figure 05: Ohio, Indiana, Michigan lines. by William Edwards Peters, 1918. Image accessed November 05th 2021 via Ohio Lands and Their Subdivision by William Edwards Peters, Harvard University pp.169.

Figure 06: Gridded land subdivision meets a river and existing township. Map of land subdivisions between Wood and Lucas counties, Ohio by William Edwards Peters, 1918.

Figure 07 (Top): Rendering the invisible visible of American industry. Motion Efficiency Study photograph taken by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth 1920’s.

Figure 08 (above): Foreman using Drill Press. Motion Efficiency Study photograph of a foreman using a drill press taken by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, 1915.

Figure 09: Duplications and units of inheritance. Photograph of FRAC Nord-Pas de Calais by Lacaton and Vassal in Dunkerque, France.

Figure 10: Extruding what used to be. Photograph of Caixaforum Madrid by Herzog de Meuron in Madrid, Spain. Accessed November 11, 2021.

Figure 11: Sticky Note Sketch by Carol Burns, 2021. Accessed December 2, 2021. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 12(top): Jasper Johns, Two Maps, 1965. Encaustic and collage on canvas (two panels), 90 1/8 × 70 1/4 in. (228.9 × 178.4 cm)

Figure 13 (far right): Elements, Exploded axon of global studio proposal. Image accessed, April 21st, 22. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 14 (right): Site relation, Top down axon of Manhattan. Image accessed, April 21st, 22. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 15: Ohio land subdivision maps documenting various locations and their division, Ohio by William Edwards Peters.

Figure 16 (top): Building Anatomy. Elevation, plan, and section alligned. Elevation photo by JSA in Ringkobing-Skjern, Denmark, 2015. Image accessed, April, 23rd, 2022 Figure 17 (top): Aerail Restoration. An aerial view of the Skjern River in 1960 and in 2020. Image accessed, April, 23th, 2022

Figure 18 (above): Ground and Architecture. Image accessed, April, 23rd, 2022

Figure 19 (top): Strips. Rendered view of a Parc de la Villette by OMA, 1982. Image accessed, January, 20th, 2022

Figure 20 (right): Strip sketch. Image accessed, April 21st, 2022

Figure 21 (top): Doubled Architecture. A ground perspective view facing the front of the FRAC by Lacaton and Vassal in Dunkerque, France, 2015

Figure 22 (right): More Architecture. Image accessed, April 21st, 2022

Figure 22 (top): Bole Rwanda. A ground perspective view facing the front of the aparment building by AD-WO in Addis, Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019.

Figure 23 (top): Bole Rwanda. A ground perspective view facing the front of the aparment building by AD-WO in Addis, Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019.

Figure 24 (right): Four Elements Sketch. Image accessed, April 20th, 2022.

Figure 25 (right): Characters. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 26 (above): Characters 2. Image accessed, December 8, 2021. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 27: Catalog of Information. Image accessed, April 21th, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 28: Exploded Domestic Space and Catalog. Image accessed, April 21th, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 29: Helsinki, Garden City, Paris. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 30: Scenario 01. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 31: Cast, bond, object (surface, volume, material). Image accessed, December 8, 2021. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 32: The Domestic Interior. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 33: Site node sketch. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figures 34-37: Manhattan in a few formats. Images accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 38 (top right): Discursive Seward Park. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 39 (above): Seward Park: Slum Clearance. Booklet detailing proposal Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figures 40-42: Signal Attenuation at 3 scales. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 43 (top): Node Sketch. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 44 (right): Strategies. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 45 (far right): Array of tests ad sketches. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 46 (top): Infill Diagram. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 47 (right): Attenuation Plans. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 48 (far right): Existing floor and unit plans. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 49 (far right): Infill Test 05. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 50 (far right): Infill Test 02. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 51 (top): Wrap Diagram. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 52 (right): Wrap Test. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 53 (far top right): Infill Perspective. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 54 (far right): Wrap Elements. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 55: Infill Section. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 56 (top): Ground Diagram. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 57: Ground Section Axon. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 58: Ground Tests. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey) Figure 59 (above): Infrastructure Sketch. Image accessed, April 21, 2022.

Figure 60 (top): Perspective Section Exploded Facade. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 61 (right): Folding Facade. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 62 (top): Ownership model. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 63 (above): Figure, ground, infrastructure. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 64 (far right): Section Perspective. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 65: Analytique. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figures 66: Signals. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figures 67: Seward Park Tower. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figures 68: Garage Section. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figures 69: New structure plan. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 70: Ground Diagram. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 71 (top): Section Model 01. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 72 (left): Section Model Aerial. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 73 (above): Existing site plan. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 74 (right): Site paths. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 75 (far right): Grand Street. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 76 (above): Figure, ground, infrastructure. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 77 (right): Existing Program. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 78 (above): Proposed Site Plan. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 79 (right): Proposed Program. Image accessed, April 21, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 80 (left): Proposed Floor Plans. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 81 (above): Section Perspective Exploded Facade. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 82 (top): Proposed Owernship Network. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 83 (above): Proposed Exchanges. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 84 (top): Section Perspective. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 85 (above): Top down perspective of Computation Center. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 86: New Structure 2. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 87: Presentation board 3 Close up. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 88: Top down co-housing unit perspective. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 89: Section Axonometric. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 90: Discusive Map. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Figure 91: Site sketches. Image accessed, April 22, 2022. (CCBY Jack H. Foisey)

Chapter 01

1 Late Capitalism can be described as the end of capitalism sparked by industry and solidified by the information age. It can also be characterized by the sharing economy where value and competition are exhausted to the point of failure creating space for a new model. The term was first used by the economist Werner Sombart in Der Moderne Kapitalismus published between 1902 - 1927 to describe a stage of capitalism.

2 Le Corbusier and the Architectural Promenade, by Flora Samuel published in 2010, describes the idea that Le Corbusier (a symbol of modernism) designed with the idea that the body should move through a building in a specific sequence. The architectural promenade became something much larger. The promenade, during the rise of modernism, became a solidified form of urban planning, architecture, and capitalism. The movement of goods and people between the city and hinterlands created systems of exchange and boundaries of definition ossifing the metropolis and the hinterland. Resources became the currency of exhcange such as: peoples time and labor, physical material, gas, water, and fuel. The promenade played a large role in the development of capitalism reaffirming industrial scale production and the automobile.

3 Lilian Wald our history. (https://www.henrystreet.org/about/ our-history/lillian-wald/#:~:text=Born%20into%20a%20life%20 of,she%20founded%20Henry%20Street%20Settlement). Lilian Wald played a large role in the development of Settlement Houses in Manhattan along with the NAACP, United States Children’s Bureau, the National Child Labor Committee, and the National Women’s Trade Union League.

4 Jeffrey Scheuer, University Settlement of New York City. https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/settlement-houses/ university-settlement-of-new-york-city/). (directly from text) “NOTE: This history of University Settlement is taken from ‘Legacy of Light: University Settlement’s First Hundred Years,” a 32-page pamphlet written by Jeffrey Scheuer, 1985. The photographs and news clips were provided by Amanda Peck, Assistant Director for External Affairs and Donor Relations for University Settlement and its subsidiary organization: The Door.” Chapter 02

1 Mark Jarzombek, Digital Stockholm Syndrome in the Post Ontological Age (University of Minnesota Press, 2014), X

2 Objects that produce data could be computers, smart thermostats, smart homes, and smart watches

3 Mark Jarzombek, X. While Jarzombek prefers the term Ontic Exhaust, experts prefer the term digital exhaust referring to excess data.

4 James, C. Scott. Seeing Like A State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed (New Haven, Yale University Press, 1998), 02. Sedentarization is not the focus of James C. Scotts Seeing Like A State however it is stated as the initial question leading to main content of the book.

5 An example of a political outline is a citizen. As defined by Merriam Webster’s Eleventh Edition is “a person who legally belongs to a country and has rights and protection of that country.” The data in the case of the citizen are their rights because rights are alternative representations of the person.

6 The essay referenced is from the second edition of Site Matters published in 2021.

7 Harvey M, Jacobs, Claiming the Site: Ever Evolving SocialLegal Conceptions of Ownership and Property (New York, Routledge, 2021), 15, 17. What Jacobs means when he connects the airport to changing conceptions of land ownership is that the airport is an international territory. This means that the space of an airport requires special laws and zoning.

8 Instagram’s data policy page on their Help Center website directly states the use of data: “to personalize features and context and to make suggestion for you on and off our products.” (help.instagram.com/519522125107875/?helpref=uf_ share). The reason Instagram is a good example is because of their large user base and they were recently acquired by Facebook.

9 Siegfried Giedion, Mechanization Takes Command (New York, Oxford University Press, 1948), 6.

10 Siegfried Giedion, Mechanization Takes Command, 101.

11 Giedion, Mechanization Takes Command, 100

12 As seen in figure 02 the form of the metal line allowed the human and space to be controlled. To break it down further the white grid in the background helped assign coordinates to the metal line. This was then put through a series of equations and design iterations to make the task the creates the metal line as efficient as possible.

13 Max Kuo, Advance of the Digital Frenemy (Anyone Corporation, 2021), 100.

14 Kuo, Advance of the Digital Frenemy, 99-100, 111.

15 Kuo, Advance of the Digital Frenemy, 111.

16 As described earlier in this text sedentarization is a method used by the state to make people citizens.

17 Arjun Appadurai, Modernity At Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1996) 03.

18 Arjun Appadurai, Modernity At Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization, 32-35.

19 Appadurai, Modernity At Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization, 35.

20 Appadurai, Modernity At Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization, 35-36. While Appadurai doesn’t directly attribute mediascapes to domestic spaces he heavily discusses state created media. The state created media is completely out of control of the citizen attributing control to the domestic space.

21 The term less is more was first printed in 1855 by Robert Browning in a Poem titled Andrea del Sarto and was then popularized by Mies van der Rohe in the early to mid-20th century.

22 Anne Lacaton, Jean-Philippe Vassal, FRAC Nord-Pas de Calais (https://www.lacatonvassal.com/index.php?idp=61, 2021), text description in English. 23 Anne Lacaton, Jean-Philippe Vassal, Freedom of Use (Guest Lecturer, Harvard Graduate School of Design, March 25 2015), 00:31:46 – 00:31:24.

24 Jean Baudrillard, Simulations (Columbia University, Semiotext[e], 1983), 12.

25 Lacaton and Vassal have many other projects that do this same thing such as 530 logements Grand Parc, Maison Latapie, and Les Grands ensembles de logements.

26 These two building not only have architectural and representational overlap, but the conceptual and project phases chronologically overlap revealing a strong connection between the two projects. Why the Caixaforum is discussed more here is because it came before the Elbphilharmonie.

27 Herzog De Meuron, 201 Caixaforum Madrid: Text. See the buildings description on their website: https://www. herzogdemeuron.com/index/projects/complete-works/201225/201-caixaforum-madrid.html

28 Meuron, 201 Caixaforum Madrid: Text. The building used to be a power plant. What remains is a shell of the brick façade.

29 Giedion, Mechanization Takes Command, 06, 99-103

30 Appadurai, Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization, 35-36.