Š2014 GGLO
seeking fairness, inclusiveness, and equity in design solutions regardless of the socioeconomic orientation of a given project and client. supporting, enhancing, and enabling community health through design at all levels. supporting urban livability and environmental stewardship through the visible manifestation of site solutions. acknowledging the basic human need for daylight and using design as a means for enabling access to daylight at all scales. understanding the innate and resonant attributes of materials, and how they can positively influence people acknowledging the essential nature of connecting people with each other and their environment. weaving program, site and built elements through the experiential composition of uses. at the intersection of social, environmental, and physical realms, making a design solution that is more than the sum of its parts
equity
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materiality connectivity
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metrics
Creating a sense of place where both the design solution and the communities they take place in can thrive.
place
ORIENTATION As a first step in understanding the orientation of our metrics, imagine the place you grew up. It is a place that has its own physical properties (for better or worse), but beyond that it is also filled with powerful yet highly subjective memories and emotions that transpired there. These two key attributes of space and experience define the resulting perception you have about this environment and you carry this powerful recollection forward with you throughout life. This commingling of physical place and lived experience is the essence of what we would like to achieve with our design metrics. It applies in equal part to finite interior environments as well as more significant macro planning efforts we engage in as designers. To this point our metrics are decidedly first person , experiential and perception-based in orientation. Through this we seek to elevate human perception as a key informer of design while acknowledging that our actions as designers are primary contributors to the lived experiences, memories and aspirations of people. Further, we acknowledge that people perceive their environment in many facets and layers, and relative in time: in the present, in their memories, and in their aspirations for the future. Our metrics seek to define these structures in forms that are consistent with our firm values, and map them for their most effective use in our design practice.
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“perception is reality”
Orientation Design Perception Wholeness Values Touchpoints
Community
Natural Realm
“our metrics are decidingly first-person, experiential and perception based in orientation”
Built Environment
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DESIGN PERCEPTION CONTEXT
“BEING IN THE WORLD” INTENTIONALITY THINKING SENSING FEELING
CONSCIOUSNESS REPRESENTATION PERCEPTION
ARCHETYPES
OFF-NESS ABOUT-NESS
IMMERSIVE-NESS
1 How people perceive their environments has been a topic of scrutiny throughout history and has been explored through various philosophies and approaches such as Aestheticism, Existentialism and Phenomenology. The diagram above (1) shows how perception and context work in synergy, creating conscious, immersive state that people experience. Our approach to metrics considers how we as designers might achieve this immersive qualities for people, even while not sharing their direct context. We feel a key to succeeding is through “empathy” or placing ones’ self in the position of the user of a given environment, as shown in the diagram on the opposing page (2). Environments that honestly engage peoples thoughts/senses/emotions can therefore be seen as empathetic and immersive while places that deny these human attributes work contrary to these goals. The rendering of empathy in a design setting is therefore one of providing people with opportunities for self-actualization and fulfillment, and can often be expressed in first person depictions of this outcome. The illustrations on the right (3) show environments that are rich in choices and “possibility” can engage users while establishing design parameters.
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DESIGN PROCESS VALUES / PRIORITIES
DESIGNERS EMPATHY
TOOLS
ARCHETYPES
2 EMPATHY
3 FIRST PERSON ORIENTATION
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WHOLENESS The resolution of a plural value set through design It is “the difficult unity through inclusion rather than easy unity through exclusion”
ESSENCE: “Beyond the intellect”
With the complexity and nuance of human perception as a key driver, we acknowledge the need to draw upon a plurality of sources to establish a successful framework for design. Our sources therefore need to be diverse and inclusive. The diagram to the right shows how our sources draw upon a spectrum of orientations, from analytic to the more intuitive.
WHY HOW
Analytic tools and processes are helpful in validating some objective aspects of design (the “what/where/when”), while the more abstract sources help us to understand and empathize with users at a more emotional level (and answer the “how” and the “why”). In the end, whether design provenance is data driven or more esoteric, all are needed to achieve a sense of wholeness in a given solution. These two groups of sources are intended to provide teams with a spectrum of tools while providing the opportunity to create unique solutions appropriate to the given context and program. The design process therefore becomes a process of balancing and synergizing the various needs of people and their environment.
WHO WHAT WHEN WHERE
EXISTENCE: “Of the intellect”
resolving pluralism 6
INTUITIVE Various Poets and Artists Proponents of Existentialism /Phenomenology Design “thinkers”
“WHOLENESS”
Community advocates Social sciences such as Sociology and Anthropology, and their derivatives such as Proxemicsics
Various proponents of analytics in design/ data-driven design. Intellectual/deductive methodologies such as Rationalism Evidence-based physical/emotional wellness advocates such as Center for Active Design Sustainability accreditors/certifiers such as LEED Behavioral sciences such as Psychology and the cognitive sciences
RATIONAL
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VALUES The values that are described here represent the priorities and ethical orientation of our firm as they relate to design, and have served as the basis for the development of the Design Metrics.
COMMUNITY SOCIETAL VALUES
Our Design Metrics are arrayed into 3 major categories that each operate with a relatively unique but essential value subsets which include • societal values (Community) • biophilic values (Natural Systems) • aesthetic values (Built Environment) These value subsets are made whole by their focus on engaging peoples thoughts/senses/feelings. As these values transition into metrics, they are intended to demonstrate how a spirited reciprocity between thinking and making can lead to more whole and livable places.
The community category places value on the impact that design has on communities and, in turn, how community interface and process should inform our design process. GGLO has a strong history of engaging community in its many forms and the metrics seek to build off this strength in the values associated with placemaking, social equity and community health.
humane 8
NATURAL REALM
BUILT ENVIRONMENT
BIOPHILIC VALUES
AESTHETIC VALUES
The natural systems category places a high priority on the interface between people and the natural environment. With this biophilic value system we are seeking to leverage the instinctive bond between people and other living systems that are part of the natural realm. These features include natural light, flora, water and other life giving elements. We see connections to and integration of these elements as crucial to the success of any human-centered design effort.
At its core the built environment category utilizes an aesthetic value system, which focuses on the perception of people within the environment and seeks an understanding of how our role as designers can inspire and enrich them. It is in contrast to design value systems that prioritize abstraction and intellectualization over human experience and perception.
restorative
beautiful 9
TOUCHPOINTS
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PLACE
Creating a sense of place where both the design solution and the communities they take place in can thrive.
EQUITY
Seeking fairness, inclusiveness, and equity in design solutions regardless of the socioeconomic orientation of a given project and client.
HEALTH
Supporting, enhancing, and enabling community health through design at all levels.
ENVIRONMENT
Supporting urban livability and environmental stewardship through the visible manifestation of site solutions.
LIGHT
Acknowledging the basic human need for daylight and using design as a means for enabling access to daylight at all scales.
MATERIALITY
Understanding the innate and resonant attributes of materials, and how they can positively influence people
CONNECTIVITY
Acknowledging the essential nature of connecting people with each other and their environment. Weaving program, site and built elements together through the experiential composition of uses.
TRANSFORMATION
At the intersection of social, environmental, and physical realms, creating design solutions that are more than the sum of its parts.
S EM T S
TOUCH POINT
METRIC
plac e
t ligh
Y UNIT MMuity CO eq
low impa ct deNAT velo UR pm A en L t SY
VALUE
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critical
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unsatisfactory
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tra EN nsformat VIR ion
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good
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ity ctiv conne
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5 vibrant OBJECTIVES Respect for the existing fabric Diversity and mix of uses
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RADIAL
PLACE
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METRICS
hea lth
lity eria mat
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COMMUNITY
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COMMUNITY
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NATURAL REALM transformation
connectivity
materiality
light
low impact development
health
equity
place
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BUILT ENVIRONMENT
PERCEPTION IS REALITY
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METRICS
RADIAL 13
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POWERS OF TEN (PPS)
Source: “Placemaking and the Future of Cities” UN-HABITAT Sustainable Urban Development Network/Project for Public Spaces, consulting.
PREMISE “Building inclusive, healthy, functional, and productive cities is perhaps the greatest challenge facing humanity today.” Further, our projects are in transitional urban areas that are oftentimes recovering from autocentric planning from prior eras. Creating livability in these areas is critical to the success of our built work. AUTHENTICITY Source: “Authenticity”
James Gilmore and B. Joseph Pine, Harvard Business School Press
PREMISE This method of establishing place puts forth that there is a business imperative for doing so. We are functioning in the “experience economy” which values authenticity over quality, affordability or availability. When users want what’s real, the management of the users’ perception of authenticity becomes the primary new source of competitive advantage–the new business imperative. URBANISM
Source: “The Death and Life of Great American Cities” Jane Jacobs
PREMISE Jane Jacob’s influential book focused on the attributes of a layered, spontaneous, multi ethnic, multi-income level, authentic community. It became the foundation for subsequent movements and focused on how to humanize the planning process. Many of our projects should be able to address her 4 core tenets, mixed uses, short blocks, buildings of various ages and states of repair, and density.
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PLACE
Creating a sense of place where both the design solution and the communities they take place in can thrive.
COMMUNITY
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POWERS OF TEN (PPS) METRIC
ALTERNATE PATH
This metric applies at a number of different scales and in interior and exterior environments. The core principle is the importance of offering a variety of things to do in one spot — making a place more than the sum of its parts. A park is good. A park with a fountain, playground, and food vendor is better. If there’s a library across the street, that’s better still, even more so if they feature storytelling hours for kids and exhibits on local history. If there’s a sidewalk café nearby, a bus stop, a bike path, and an ice cream stand, then you have what most people would consider a great place. In a given place, what are the “things to do”?
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1 pt 1 pt 1 pt 1 pt 1 pt 1 pt 1 pt 1 pt 1 pt 1 pt
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 Activity 7 Activity 8 Activity 9 Activity 10
10 pts
Point Maximum
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URBANISM METRIC
AUTHENTICITY METRIC 10 pts
10 pts
10 pts
Referential Authenticity: Referencing and embedding cultural rituals through design. Embedding a community based stakeholder in the design process will “reference” the source of authenticity into the development effort. Some examples include: Artist/ Muralist, Farmer’s Market, Others (explain) Influential Authenticity: clearly demonstrating clear and forward thinking design leadership. This bold action in itself creates the dynamic to win the hearts and minds of user. Some examples include: Living Building Challenge Compliance, 2030 challenge, a profound and/or radical approach to design and planning that yields a strong concept/parti, and district energy and/or district sustainability
The following four elements are necessary to generate vibrancy, livability and urbanism: 2.5 pts
Mixed uses, activating streets at different times of the day
2.5 pts Short blocks, allowing high pedestrian permeability 2.5 pts Buildings of various ages and states of repair 2.5 pts
Density
10 pts
Point Maximum
Point Maximum
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NOTES
TERRITORIALITY
(AKA SOCIAL SCALE/PROXIMICS) Source: Edward T. Hall, The Hidden Dimension
PREMISE The issue in defining the concept of social equity is that it reflects ideas of “fairness” and “justness” which have a normative component in that they are based on moral values or considerations. The key to understanding equity in relation to design and the built environment is knowing our own relations to others as it plays out in physical space. To facilitate positive relationships that support meaningful interaction we as designers need to understand the various attributes of social scale. Lack of social space or public space, for example, deprives people of opportunities to interact which is inherently less equitable and accessible for some users. In a similar way, lack of definition and clarity as to private and personal space can feel threatening to a given user. PROGRAMMATIC INCLUSIVITY Source:
Seattle Department of Housing/ etc.
PREMISE When the inclusion of people across the socioeconomic spectrum is integrated in new development it adds depth and richness to the cross section of households that make up a community.
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EQUITY
Seeking fairness, inclusiveness and equity in design solutions regardless of the socio-economic orientation of a given project and client.
COMMUNITY
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TERRITORIALITY METRIC
ALTERNATE PATH
For key project components, map where the following areas are appropriate, and where they have potential for synergy and relations with other spaces. By establishing these territories, equity (not equality!) within a given environment can be achieved.
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2.5 pts
Intimate space is that area immediately surrounding the individual’s body. This area is the most private and involves both physical and emotional interactions.
2.5 pts
Personal space is that area within which a person allows only select friends, or fellow workers with whom personal conversation is mandatory.
2.5 pts
Social space is that area within which the individual expects to make purely social contacts on a temporary basis.
2.5 pts
Public space is that area within which the individual does not expect to have direct contact with others.
10 pts
Point Maximum
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PROGRAMMATIC INCLUSIVITY METRIC Various housing advocates and agencies have established income level and the disposition of the user as the metric by which their definitions are satisfied. We have used these as a guideline for setting our own parameters for equity as it relates to building and development programs. 10 pts Programmatic inclusion of Shelter Housing/ Very Low and Low Income Housing/Housing for special populations/ Transitional Housing 5 pts Programmatic inclusion of Affordable/ Workforce Housing @ 80% AMI, including opt out/ in lieu provisions 15 pts
Point Maximum
I R Point Total
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NOTES
ACTIVE USERS
Source: LEED PILOT CREDIT EQpc78 “Design for Active Occupants” USGBC/ Center for Active Design
PREMISE Fostering the use of stairs at the site, building and interior levels results in positive health and well-being benefits, and creates the opportunity for a dramatic design focus. This is demonstrated through the evidence based approach that the Center for Active Design has applied to their design guidelines. ACTIVE RECREATION
Source: 2.3/ Parks, Open Spaces and Recreational Facilities Center for Active Design Guidelines
PREMISE Open space and recreation areas represent perhaps the greatest single opportunity to enhance community health potential while activating neighborhoods. This opportunity is further enhanced when these visible destinations are augmented and supported with multimodal access networks and street level uses that put employee “eyes on the street”. Further, these uses can enhance placemaking attributes when they integrate socio-cultural factors. STREET CONNECTIVITY
Source: 2.7/ Street Connectivity Center for Active Design Guidelines
PREMISE The health attributes of street connectivity are well documented in the CfAD guidelines. This is achieved by encouraging walking by maintaining a network of interconnected street and sidewalks. Higher street connectivity-as measured by small block size, intersection density, and by the orientation of adjacent open spaces-has evidence based health attributes. Much of this success can be credited to the desirable perception of walkability that results from these design actions.
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HEALTH
Supporting, enhancing and enabling community health through design at all levels.
2
COMMUNITY
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ACTIVE USERS METRIC
ALTERNATE PATH
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2 pts
Make accessible staircases visible from the corridor.
2 pts
Locate a main staircase to be visible before an occupant visually encounters any motorized vertical circulation (elevator escalator). The staircase must be visible from the principal point of entry at each building floor.
2 pts
Install architectural light fixtures that provide a level of lighting in the staircase(s) consistent with or better than what is provided in the building corridor.
2 pts
Provide daylighting at each floor/roof level of the stair(s) using either windows and/or skylights of at least 8 square feet (1square meter) in size.
2 pts
Make the stair a design focus that activates open space and informs exterior expression. Use inviting sensory stimulation such as artwork and/or music in stairwells.
10 pts
Point Maximum
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ACTIVE RECREATION METRIC
STREET CONNECTIVITY METRIC
2 pts Design parks, open spaces and recreational facilities to complement the cultural preferences of the local population, and to accommodate a range of age groups including both children and their parents and guardians
4 pts
When current connectivity to the public realm on a building site is poor, provide through block connections to increase the neighborhood’s walkability.
2 pts
Focus curb cuts for parking access and building services in areas away from primary pedestrian activity.
4 pts
Orient privately controlled open space along the axis of the public realm.
10 pts
Point Maximum
2 pts
In the design of parks and open spaces, provide facilities like paths, running tracks, playgrounds, sport courts and drinking fountains
2 pts
Make bicycle and pedestrian routes to parks and public spaces safe, visible and enticing
4 pts When designing playgrounds, include ground markings indicating dedicated areas for sports and multiple use. Artistically consider the outcome of this through color, form and other design elements. 10 pts
Point Maximum
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NOTES
PRESERVATION
Source: “LID Technical Guidance Manual for Puget Sound” WSU Pierce County Extension & Puget Sound Partnership / 2005
PREMISE Ecosystems are multi-functioning and develop slowly over time. Soil, hydrology, vegetation, climate and terrain all contribute to air and water quality and the diversification of habitat. Protecting the functional values of these sensitive systems is critical to environmental stewardship and the health of our surrounding environments. Pre-developed forested conditions in Western Washington capture and store carbon emissions and reduce stormwater runoff to approximately 1%, with mature tree canopies capturing and evapotranspirating 40-50% of precipitation. Preserving existing native soils and mature trees will reduce stormwater runoff and safeguard high functioning natural systems.
LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT
Source: “LID Technical Guidance Manual for Puget Sound” WSU Pierce County Extension & Puget Sound Partnership / 2005
PREMISE The ultimate goal of Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI) is to capture stormwater on-site, filter contaminates close to their source and to reduce the amount of runoff leaving the site. Seattle Green Factor encourages the preservation of existing trees, bioretention, permeable pavement, green roofs and rain water harvesting. Seattle GSI requires 100% of stormwater on-site be diverted and maintained using one of these systems. These systems should be visible and should carry an educational value to influence public option and teach future generations about environmental stewardship.
HABITAT
Source: Washington State Department of Ecology Guidelines for Enhanced Habitat LEED Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
PREMISE Consequences of development result in an alarming rate of habitat loss every day. Every project will have an impact one way or another. We can take restorative action through our projects by stemming the rapidly declining populations of birds, bees, butterflies and invertebrates through the implementation of urban wildlife corridors and creation of habitat through roof garden designs that include diversity of plant types, targeted pollinators, and deeper soils. 26
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Supporting urban livability and environmental stewardship through the visible manifestation of low impact design.
2
1
ENVIRONMENT
4
NATURAL REALM
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PRESERVATION METRIC
ALTERNATE PATH
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5 pts
Preserve existing native vegetation and soils within the project boundary (30%- 1 pts, 50%-2 pts, 100%-5 pts)
5 pts
Preserve significant trees (native trees with DBH of 9” or more as defined by JHA) (.5 pts/ tree, max 5 pts)
2.5 pts
Preserve and restore native open spaces and wildlife corridors connected to adjacent habitats (50’ width, min).
2.5 pts
Exceed jurisdictionally required buffers for designated critical areas by 20%
2.5 pts
Exceed jurisdictionally required mitigation for impacted critical areas by 20%
17.5 pts
Point Maximum
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LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT METRIC
HABITAT METRIC
3 pts
2.5 pts Provide 50% of total project area (excluding the building footprint) with native or adaptive plants.
97% of stormwater from pollutant generating surfaces must pass through 18” of approved bioretention soil. Bioretention should be visually accessible to the public.
10 pts Using a combination of the tools below, reduce the amount of stormwater runoff leaving the project boundary. (30%-2.5 pt, 50%-5pts, 90%-10pts) – max 10 pts. Mature Tree Cover (reduces runoff by 50-60%), Green Roof (6” min), Bioretention, Rain Gardens, and Stormwater Planters, Permeable Pavement Rain Water Harvesting
5 pts
Reduce potable irrigation consumption (50%-2.5 pts, 100%-5pts)
3.5 pts Interpretation/Education - Accessible views (0.5 pts)
5 pts
3 pts Provide Food, Water, Shelter & Space for targeted wildlife groups per Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife recommendations, for targeted species. http://wdfw.wa.gov/living/ landscaping/ 2 pts
Provide (50%-1 pt, 90%-2 pts) pollinating plants in the ROW planting strip
3 pts
Provide green roof to support habitat including diversity of plant species and min. 6” soil depth
- Engage 3-5-human senses through design (0.5 pts) - Include biophilic design elements that 10 pts express natural patterns and processes (0.5pts) - Include integrated signage and/or art that express sustainable natural processes (1 pt) - Use technology to educate the community (1 pt)
21.5 pts
Provide (50%-1 pt, 100%-5 pts) native and/ or adaptive plants for all planting areas
Point Maximum
Point Maximum
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NOTES
SITE, OPEN SPACE & DAYLIGHT Source: Experiencing Architecture, Rasmussen
Across the Open Field: Essays Drawn from English Landscapes, Laurie Olin
PREMISE The design should provide inhabitants with a variety of shelter options so that the site can be experienced under various lighting conditions. Both soft organic and hard structural elements can be integrated to blur the distinction between inside and outside. According to Rasmussen, “Outdoors the light sifts through the foliage of trees scattered about the grounds. You gaze out under their branches at the view and you feel – just as in one of Palladio’s villas – that here you have a firm base, a carefully conceived plan, from which to observe the surrounding countryside…” DAYLIGHT IN BUILT FORM
Source: Between Silence and Light: Spirit in the Architecture of Louis I. Kahn, by John Lobell Toward a New Regionalism, David Miller A Pattern Language, Christopher Alexander
PREMISE Acknowledging the basic human need for daylight and using design as a means for enabling access to daylight at all scales. According to Kahn, “No space, architecturally, is a space unless it has natural light.” A daylighting strategy should be incorporated into the design solution that demonstrates a variety of shadow types: attached shadow, shading and cast shadow, whilst recognizing the type of light that is common to the region. The building interior should provide daylight access from a variety of sources so glare is reduced. The daylight strategy should give preference to natural versus artificial light in order to reduce energy consumption. DAYLIGHT & AESTHETICS Source:
Light is the Theme, Louis Kahn
PREMISE Throughout history the role of daylight has been one to mediate between the romantic and the prosaic. Designers have the opportunity to consider aesthetic dimensions of the daylight medium. They should also consider the effects of both direct and indirect light, shadow, reflection, glare and color. According to Kahn, “Today, shadows are black. But really, there is no such thing as white light, black shadow. I was brought up when light was yellow and shadow was blue.”
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LIGHT
Acknowledging the basic human need for daylight and using design as a means for enabling access to daylight at all scales.
NATURAL REALM
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SITE, OPEN SPACE & DAYLIGHT METRIC
ALTERNATE PATH
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3 pts
Site Planning: The site design solution maximizes solar access at outdoor public spaces. It also provides shelter from the strong effects of the sun at certain times of the day (or year).
3 pts
Daylight & Ecology: The design solution operates with daylight in a manner conducive to a healthy site ecology.
4 pts
Inside-Outside : The site design solution utilizes daylight in such a manner that outdoor rooms and spaces align and/ or correspond to interior spaces of the building.
10 pts
Point Maximum
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DAYLIGHT IN BUILT FORM
DAYLIGHT & AESTHETICS
METRIC
2.5 pts Shadows: Attached Shadow:
The design solution has element(s), such as cantilever roof(s) that cast shadow on the building itself. Shading: The design solution creates bright and dark contrasts inside the building spaces and rooms. Cast Shadow: The design highlights interactions between the path of the sun and the building profile, like a sundial.
2.5 pts Regional Daylight: The design solution is predicated on the type of daylight that is common to the region. For example the intense overcast light of the Pacific Northwest, which is different than direct sunlight is embedded into the design. 2.5 pts Multiple Sources: The rooms (and spaces) receive daylight from at least 2 different walls. A variety of daylight types may be used, such as direct mixed with indirect (or filtered light). 2.5 pts Energy Reduction: The design solution uses daylight to reduce artificial lighting and energy consumption. 10 pts
METRIC
2.5 pts
Time of Day: The design solution allows inhabitants to experience the time of day and seasons of the year from multiple station points.
2.5 pts
Volume: The design solution incorporates deep recesses of spatial volume that create masses of light and shadow according to the path of the sun.
2.5 pts Surface: The design solution highlights textural interactions between sunlight and material surfaces. 2.5 pts Color: The design solution takes into account building orientation, solar access and relationships between color surfaces and daylight. 2.5 pts
Mood: The design solution utilizes daylighting strategies to establish mood that is appropriate to the use.
12.5 pts
Point Maximum
Point Maximum
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NOTES
TIMELESSNESS
Source: “Towards and Architecture of Reality” Professor Michael Benedikt / UT Austin 1992
PREMISE Architecture and hence buildings have to have the ability of creating a direct aesthetic experience of their own reality which take place if the building has four independent qualities; presence-significance-materiality-emptiness. TECTONICS
Source: “Permanence in Architecture” / Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand Steven Green/ GGLO Best Practice
PREMISE This method of approaching materiality focuses on permanence and durability over time. It breaks down built structures into their mass, what those masses are made of, and how that material is detailed. The inspiration for this approach is often credited to vernacular buildings such as barns and sheds, where the essential qualities of the structure are evident. This approach can also be applied to interior environments, where it can expand to include other elements such as exposed structures, casework, finishes, etc. PATINA
Source: “On Weathering” / MIT Press David Leatherbarrow and Mohsen Mostafavi
PREMISE Weathering makes the “final” state of the construction necessarily indefinite, and challenges the conventional notion of a building’s completeness. Designers should be aware of the inherent uncertainty and inevitability of weathering and by viewing the concept of weathering as a continuation of the building process rather than as a force antagonistic to it.
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Understanding the innate and resonant attributes of materials, and how they can positively influence people.
2
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MATERIALITY
4
BUILT ENVIRONMENT
35
TIMELESSNESS METRIC
ALTERNATE PATH
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2.5 pts
Presence: The building is unashamedly aware of itself and assertively claims its territory.
2.5 pts
Significance: A building gains significance by affecting the everyday lives of its user rather than representing some abstract idea or being symbolic of an idea.
2.5 pts
Permanence: Honesty and authenticity of materials. One should be able to read a materials composition from afar and up close so they do not feel deceived by the building.
2.5 pts
Void: Void is the gaps between stepping stones, in the silence between the notes of music, what is made when a door slides open.
10 pts
Point Maximum
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TECTONICS METRIC
3 pts
PATINA METRIC
Mass: The mass of the structure is manipulated such that it facilitates the orderly and intentional application of materials. The materials proposed for a given mass are known prior to developing the mass.
3 pts Material: The full nature of the given material is planned for and understood. It’s appropriateness in a given application is understood. 4 pts
Detail: The detail used is specific to the material and “brings to life” the mass.
10 pts
Point Maximum
5 pts
Durability vs. Weakness: The material selected for its setting will ‘age in place’ in a manner that gives a sense of time and the limits of building.
5 pts
Control and stability: The effects of patina are included within the framework of the design aesthetic. The details are designed to control how the physics of material transformation will alter the appearance of a building over time.
10 pts
Point Maximum
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NOTES
INTERSECTION DENSITY
SOURCE: “Travel and the Built Environment” by Reid Ewing & Robert Cerverocde/ GGLO Best Practice
PREMISE This approach to connectivity posits that intersections are the key indicator for the success of urban places. As a method, Intersection density simply counts up the number of circulation nodes or intersections in a given proposal. The higher the number the better the outcome in terms of walkability. The meta-study upon which this is based concludes that “Of all the built environment measurements, intersection density has the largest effect on walking — more than population density, distance to a store, distance to a transit stop, or jobs within one mile.” LEGIBILITY
Source: LEED CREDITS FOR WALKABILITY (LT7) USGBC
PREMISE Promoting walkability and mobility in our design promotes community health and well-being, and helps to generate meaningful human centered design. The LEED credit for walkability provides a good framework and in fact mirrors some current SMC provisions for street level uses which our projects are frequently subject
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Acknowledging the essential nature of connecting people with each other and their environment. Weaving program, site and built elements through the experiential composition of uses.
2
1
CONNECTIVITY
4
BUILT ENVIRONMENT
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INTERSECTION DENSITY METRIC
ALTERNATE PATH
Using the City of Venice, Italy as the optimal or normative point of reference, this metric compares a given site design with Venice in terms of intersection density. Square mile area in square feet 27,878,400 Venice Intersection Density=1,500 (Acreage area in square feet =43,560/ Acres in 1 square mile = 640) Desired intersection density per acre (IPA)=2.34375
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10 pts
Achieving an IPA of 2.34375 or greater
10 pts
Point Maximum
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LEGIBILITY METRIC
5 pts
Facades and entries : At least 50% of the total linear feet of mixed-use and nonresidential street-facing building faรงades in the project is within 1 foot of a sidewalk or equivalent provision for walking. Functional entries to the buildings occur at an average of 30 feet or less along nonresidential or mixed-use buildings or blocks.
5 pts
Ground-level use: All ground-level retail, service, and trade uses that face a public space have clear glass on at least 60% of their faรงades between 3 and 8 feet above grade. If a faรงade extends along a sidewalk, no more than 40% of its length or 50 feet, whichever is less, is blank (without doors or windows).
10 pts
Point Maximum
I R Point Total
41
NOTES
MICROCOSM/ Weltinnenraum SOURCE: Various writings Rainer Maria Rilkes
PREMISE The German poet Rainer Maria Rilkes posited that successful art and design functions on a level we all innately understand, and that passes through us all “like birds that fly through us in silence”. He described this resonance as the “world interiority” or internal universe of the artistic effort. In effect, when design is transformative, it communicates its worldview and its understanding of itself to the outside as essentially a microcosm of its values and a synergy of its various functions. Through this the design is able to communicate its “interior world (weltinnenraum) to outsiders, much like a story being told. EMERGENCE
SOURCE: Gestalt Perceptual Theory/T.S. Elliot/R Venturi
PREMISE “It is the difficult unity through inclusion rather than easy unity through exclusion,” With human perception being central to the design metrics, emergence comes forward as a key component in rendering a transformative design outcome. This gestaltist principal, which has been also expounded upon by architects such as Robert Venturi, p uts forth that we perceive the whole prior to perceiving the individual parts of an image or experience. This can be applied in the design process as it encourages design through inclusion, rather than the reductive to achieve resolution. This open and inclusive design process in turn relies upon rigor and discernment on the part of the designer to offer a solution. “An architecture of complexity and accommodation does not forsake the whole” “the whole is difficult to achieve”
42
4
3
2
At the intersection of social, environmental and physical realms, creating design solutions that are more than the sum of its parts. 1
TRANSFORMATION
5
BUILT ENVIRONMENT
43
MICROCOSM METRIC
ALTERNATE PATH
44
5 pts
RESONANCE: The design solution resonates and is a visible microcosm of its own goals and aspirations.
5 pts
NARRATIVE: The design solution “tells the story” of its own journey, which resonates with others regardless of knowledge of specifics.
10 pts
Point Maximum
I
I
R
R
EMERGENCE METRIC
5 pts DIFFICULT UNITY: The design process maps its constraints and opportunities in a thorough, extensive and exploratory manner. 5 pts
DIFFICULT WHOLE: The design solution “tells the story” of its own journey, which resonates with others regardless of knowledge of specifics.
10 pts
Point Maximum
I R Point Total
45
NOTES
46
TOUCH POINTS PLACE EQUITY HEALTH
ENVIRONMENT LIGHT
MATERIALITY CONNECTIVITY TRANSFORMATION TOTAL
47